L  I  B  R.A  FLY 
OF  THE 
U  N  I  VER5  ITY 
or  ILLI  NOIS 

4Z3 
I  8  74 


Return  this  book  on  or  before  the 
Latest  Date  stamped  below. 

Theft,  mutilation,  and  underlining  of  books 
are  reasons  for  disciplinary  action  and  may 
result  in  dismissal  from  the  University. 
University  of  Illinois  Library 


L161— O-1096 


A 

PRIMARY  SCHOOL  DICTIONARY 

OF  THE 

ENGLISH  LANGUAGE, 

EXPLANATORY,  PRONOUNCING,  AND  SYNONYMOUa 

WITH  AN  APPENDIX  CONTAINING  VARIOUS  USEFUL  TABLES. 

MAINLY  ABRIDGED  FROM  THE  LATEST  EDITION  OF  THE 
AMERICAN  DICTIONARY  OF 

NOAH  WEBSTER,  LL,D., 

BY 

WILLIAM  G.  WEBSTER 

AND 

WILLIAM  A.  WHEELER. 

SllusJtratcti  toitlj  more  tijan  CThio  ?2unUreli  GFnstabinfiS  on  SiSloaU* 


IVISON,   BLAKEMAN,   TAYLOR  &  CO. 
■  NEW  YORK  AND  CHICAGO. 

PHILADELPraA:  J.  B.  LIPPINCOTT  &  CO.    CIKCINNATI:  WILSON,  HINKLE' 
&  CO.    SPRINGFIELD,  MASS. :  G.  &  C.  MEERIAM. 

18  74. 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1867,  by 
G.  &  C.  Merriam, 
the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  for  the  District  of  Massachusetts. 


PREFACE. 


This  little  volume  has  been  prepared  with  the  design  of  furnish- 
ing  the  younger  pupils  in  our  schools  with  a  Dictionary  sufficiently 
full  and  complete  to  meet  all  their  ordinary  wants,  yet  smaU  in  size 
and  of  very  moderate  cost.    Miscellaneous  readers,  however,  will 
find  it  a  convenient  and  serviceable  manual  for  consultation,  espe- 
cially with  respect  to  the  pronunciation  and  spelling  of  the  common 
words  of  our  language.    The  general  plan  is  the  same  as  that  of 
the  "  Common-School  Dictionary,"  and  though  less  comprehensive 
in  its  vocabulary,  somewhat  less  copious  in  its  explanations,  and 
having  fewer  wood-cuts,  it  retains  the  most  important  and  valuable 
features  of  that  work.    It  has  been  brought  within  the  limits  it 
occupies  by  the  omission  of  many  derivatives  in  er,  ish,  less,  hj,  ncss, 
s:dp,  in,  out,  over,  un,  under,  and  the  like,  inasmuch  as  most  words 
of  this  sort  present  no  difficulty  of  orthography,  pronunciation,  or 
interpretation;  by  occasional  retrenchment  of  definitions  and  syno- 
nyms ;  by  leaving  out  or  slightly  abridging  several  of  the  Tab  es  or 
Vocabularies  of  the  Appendix;  and  by  various  typographical  and 
other  expedients  for  saving  space. 

The  attention  of  instructors  is  called  to  the  fact  that  this  work 
may  be  advantageously  used  as  a  text-book  for  teaching  spelling, 
the  "  Rules  for  Spelling"  given  in  the  introduction  being  unusually 
complete,  and  the  words  in  the  Vocabulary  often  having  figures 
■affixed  to  them  referring  to  these  rules.    It  will  be  seen,  witho- 

(iii) 


iv  PEEFACE. 


explana  ion,  how,  by  means  of  these  references,  pupils  can  prepare 
classified  lists  of  examples  illustrating  the  various  principles  of 
orthography,  and  thus  construct  their  own  SpeHing-book  as  it 
were.  ^ 


The  Primary  Dictionary  was  originally  prepared  by  Dr 
TVebster,  and  was  first  puWished  in  1833.  In  1857  it  was  care- 
folly  revised  and  much  improved  by  his  son,  Mr.  William  G 
Febster.  In  these  two  forms,  the  work  has  had  a  very  extensive 
circulation  and  popularity,  many  impressions  of  it  having  been 
printed  and  distributed.  Under  the  editorial  care  of  Mr.  William 
A.  Wheeler,  it  has  now  been  considerably  enlarged  and  brought 
m  all  respects  into  conformity  'with  the  new  edition  of  the 
Quarto  Dictionary  published  in  1864.  To  the  friends  of  education 
It  IS  submitted  in  the  hope  that  the  alterations  and  improvements 
which  have  been  made  wUI  secure  for  it  an  increased  degree  of 

DoKCHESTEK,  Mass.,  September  2d,  1867. 


CONTENTS. 


....  ^ 

KEY  TO  THE  PRONUNCIATION  vii 

RULES  FOR  SPELLING  

ABBREVIATIONS  AND  EXPLANATIONS  


DICTIONARY  OF  THE  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE 


APPENDIX. 

....  305  to  315 

MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES   316  to  322 

MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES   .  323  to  329 

COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES  330  to  333 

ABBREVIATIONS  *  I,™  CREEK  THE  LATIN, 

WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC.,  FROM  THE  GREEK,  ,  ^^^^^ 

AND  MODERN  FOREIGN  LANGUAGES  • 
A  CLASSIFIED  SELECTION  OF  PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS 

v) 


KEY  TO  THE  PRONUNCIATION. 


A,  sij  long,  as  in 
A,  a,  short,  as  in 
E,  e,  long,  as  in 
E,  e,  short,  as  in 
I,  1,  long,  as  in  . 
I,  1,  short f  as  in  . 


VOWELS. 

REGULAR  LONG  AND  SHORT  SOUNDS. 

O,  o,  long,  as  in 


.  Ale,  Fate,  Gray. 
.  Add,  Fat,  Random. 
.  Eve,  Mete,  Seizure. 
.  End,  Met,  Leopard. 
.  Ice,  Fine,  Thrive. 
.  lU,  Fin,  Tribute. 


O,  5,  short,  as  in 
tJ,  u,  long,  as  in  . 
U,  u,  short,  as  in 
^)  y>  long,  as  in  . 
Y,  y,  short,  as  in 


.  Old,  Note,  Depose. 
.  Odd,  N6t,  Torrid. 
.  Tise,  Tube,  FeudaL 
.  Us,  Tub,  Study. 
.  Fly,  Style,  Edify. 
.  Nymph,  Lyric. 


A,  a,  as  in  Air,  Share,  Pair. 

A,  a,  Italian,a8  in  .    .  Arm,  Father,  Far. 
A,  a,  as  in     ....  Ask,  Grass,  Dance 
A,  a,  broad,  as  in    .    .  All,  Talk,  Haul. 
A,  a,  like  short  o,as  in  What,  "Wander. 

e,  like  &,  as  in  .  .  Ere,  There,  Heir. 
5,  e,  like  long  a,  as  in  light.  Prey,  Obey. 
E,  e,  asin     ,   .   .   .  Ermine,  Verge. 

i,  1,  like  long  e,  as  in  .  Pique,  Machine. 
I,  I,  like  e,  as  in  .   .   .  Irksome,  Virgin. 


OCCASIONAL  SOUNDS. 


O,  6,  like  short  u,  as  in  Other,  D6ne,  S6u. 
O,  p,  like  long  oo,  as  in  Prove,  Dp,  Move. 
9,  o,  like  short  00,  as  in  Bosom,  Woman. 
O,  6,  like  broad  a,  as  in  Order,  Form,  Stork 
60,  00,  as  in    ...  Moon,  Fo~od,  Bo~oty. 
00,  do,  as  in    .   .   .  Wool,  Fdbt,  Gdbd. 

IT,  u,  preceded  by  r,  as  in  Rude,  Rumor, 
y,  u,  like  short  oo,  asin  Bull,  Put,  Push. 
0,  a,  as  in    .   .   .   .  Urge,  Burn,  Ftvl. 

e,  i,  0,  (Italic)  silent,  Open,  Basin,  Mas(ttu 


REGULAR  DIPHTHONGAL  SOUNDS. 

Oi,  oi,  or  Oy,  oy  (unmarked),  as  in  Oil,  Join,  Moist,  Oyster. 

Ou,  ou,  or  Ow,  ow  (unmarked),  as  m  Out,  Hound,  Owl,  Vowel. 


CONSONANTS. 


^?  Qi  ^^ft^  like  5  sharp,  as 
•C,  -c,  hard,  like  k,  as  in 
Ch,  ch  (unmarked),  as 
Qh,  Qh,  soft,  like  5^,  as 
■€h,  -eh,  hard^  like  k,  as 
G,  g,  Aarrf,  as  in    .  . 

g»  ^oft,  likey,  as  in 
S,  s,  sharp  (unmarked), 
§,  ^,flat  or  vocal,  like  z, 


in 


asin 
as  in 


.  Qede,  Acgept. 
■Gall,  -eoncur. 
Child,  Touch. 
Qhaise. 
■€horus,  Echo. 
Get,  Tiger. 
Gem,  Engine. 
Same,  Rest. 
Ha§,  Amu§e. 


Th,th,5/m77? (unmarked)  asin  Thirtieth. 
Th,  th,yiat  or  vocal,  as  in  .  Thither. 
Ng,  ng  (unmarked),  as  in   .  Singing. 

5,  as  in  Anger,  Ink. 

X,x,  like§-2;,asin  ....  Example". 
Ph,ph,like/(unnarked),  asin  Seraphic. 
Qu,  qu,  like  kw  (unmarked),  as  in  Quantity. 
Wh,  wh,  like  hw  (umnk'd),  as  in  Awhile . 
Zh,  zh,  asin    ....     Vision  (vizh'un). 


frarded  as  s  lent  ;  as  in  aim,  cKan,  ceil,  pdonfe/rott  f  ^u/^oS  S  «V,  L    Tl  '„  """■Jf*  Vf  ^ 

(Ti) 


ETJLES  TOR  SPELLING  CEETAIN  CLASSES  Of  WOEDS. 

FOUNDED  ON  THE  OKTUOGBAPHY  OF  DR.  WEBSTEU,  AS  EXHIBITED  IN  THIS 

VOLUME. 


R  1    The  letters  /  and  /,  at  the  end  of  mon- 1 
osyllables,  and  standing   immediately  after 
S  e  ^o^els,  are  generally  doubled :  as  m 
Zl\  cliff,  doff,  puff;  all,  beU,  hiU,  toll  null 
The  words  clef,  if,  of  and  sol,  are  exception  . 

&  2  The  letter  s,  at  the  end  of  a  monosy  l- 
lable, and  standing  immediately  after  a  smgle 
vowel,  is  generally  doubled,  except  when  it  is 
used  to  form  the  possessive  case  or  plural  of  a 
noun,  or  the  third  person  singular  of  a  verb : 
as  in  grass,  press,  hiss,  moss,  truss.  The  only 
important  exceptions  are  as,  gas,  has,  wai> 
yes,  his,  is,  thus,  and  us. 


§  6.  In  derivatives  formed  from  worda 
ending  in  c,  by  adding  a  termination  begin- 
ning with  e,  i,  or  y,  the  letter  k  Is  inserted 
after  the  c,  in  order  that  the  latter  may  not 
be  inaccurately  pronounced  Uke  5  before  tho 
following  vowel  :  as,  colic,  colicky ;  traffic, 
trafficked,  trafficking,  trafficker. 

§  7.  In  derivatives  formed  by  adding  a 
termination  begiuning  with  a  vowel  to  mono- 
syllables and  words  accented  on  the  last  syl- 
lable, when  these  words  end  in  a  single 
consonant  (except  x)  preceded  by  a  single 
vowel,  that  consonant  is  doubled:  as,  plan, 


nants  that  are  ever  doubled  at  the  end  of  a 
word  are  b,  d,  g,  m,  n,  p,  r,  t,  and  z.  ihe 
following  list  contains  all  the  important  words 
In  which  these  letters  are  doubled  ;  namely, 
ebb;  add,  odd,  rudd;  egg;  inn,  burnt;  err, 
burr,  purr  ;  mitt,  butt ;  fizz,  fuzz,  buzz. 

&  4  A  consonant  standing  at  the  end  ot  a 
word  immediately  after  a  diphthong  or  double 
vowel  is  never  doubled.  The  words  ad,  peat, 
haul,  door,  and  maim,  are  examples. 

&  5  Monosyllables  ending,  as  pronounced, 
with  the  sound  of  k,  and  in  which  c  follows 
the  vowel,  have  usually  k  added  after  the  c; 
as  in  black,  fleck,  click,  knock,  and  buck.  The 
words  lac,  sac,  talc,  zinc,  roc,  soc,  arc,  marc,  ore, 
and  flsc,  are  exceptions. 

Words  of  more  than  one  syllable,  ending  in 
tc  or  iac,  which  formerly  ended  in  k,  also 
words  derived  from  the  Latin  or  Greek  lan- 
guages, or  from  other  sources,  and  similar  to 
these,  or  formed  in  an  analogous  manner,  are 
now  'written  without  the  k :  ss,  maniac, 
elegiac,  cubic,  public.  The  word  derrick  is  an 
exception.  Words  of  more  than  one  syllable, 
in  which  e  is  preceded  by  other  vowels  than  t 
or  ia.  commonly  end  in  ck :  as,  arrack,  bar- 
rack,'hammock,  hiUock,  wedlock  The  WQr4s 
almanac,  sandarac,  limbec^  xebec,  mamoc,  and 
havoc,  a  'e  exceptions, 


is,  ^Ai^,  and  ^.  ^^r^o-\planr^e.d,planning,planner;lwt,houer,h^ 
Besides/,  I,  ^nd      tbo  only  c  ,  cabalder  ;  abet',  abetned, 


wit,  witty  ;  cabal/,  cabalder  ;  abet',  abet'ted, 
abet/ting,  abet' tor;  begin' ,  begin' ning,  begin'- 
ner;  infer',  inferred',  infr'ring. 

The  derivatives  of  the  word  gas  (except 
gassing  and  gassy)  are  written  with  but  one 
5 ;  as,  gaseous,  gaseity,  gasify.  Ez'ceUence, 
as  being  from  the  Latin  excellens,  retains  the 
double  /,  though  one  /  has  been  dropped  from 
the  termination  of  excel'.  It  is  no  exception 
to  this  rule  that  chanceUor,  and  the  derivatives 
of  vietal  and  crystal,  as  metalloid,  metallurgy, 
crystaUine,  crystallize,  and  the  Uke,  are  writ- 
ten with  the  /  doubled,  since  they  are  de- 
rived  respectively  from  the  Latin  canceUarius 
(through  the  French),  and  metaUum,  and  the 
Greek  ^pvcrroAXos.  So  also  the  word  tran. 
quilUty  retains  the  double  I  as  bemg  from  the 
Ltin  tranquiWitas,  while  the  Enghsh  deriva- 
tives of  tranq^l,  though  often  written  with 
two  /'5,  are  more  properly  written  with  only 
one,  as  tranquilize,  tranquilizer,  and  the  like. 

&  8  When  a  diphthong,  or  a  digraph 
representing  a  vowel  sound,  precedes  the  fina 
consonant  of  a  word,  or  the  accent  of  a  word 
ending  in  a  single  consonant  falls  on  any 
other  syllable  than  the  last,  or  -^hen  the  word 
ends  in  two  different  consonants,  the  fanal 
consonant  is  not  doubled  in  derivatives  formed 
by  the  addition  of  a  termination  begmmng 


VU 


via 


EULES  FOR  SPELLING. 


with  a  vowel :  as,  daub^  daubed,  daub'er  ;  brief, 
briefer,  briefest ;  trav'el,  trav'eling,  trav'eler ; 
prof 'it,  profited;  act,  act' ed,  act' or. 

The  final  consonant  is  doubled  in  the 
derivatives  of  a  few  words  ending  in  ^,  xu. 
order  to  diminish  the  liabihty  to  its  being 
pronounced  likej,  before  e  ov  i:  as  kumbw^ 
humbugged,  humbugging  ;  periwig,  periwigged. 
The  word  woolen  is  more  genei-ally  thus 
written,  in  the  United  States,  with  one  /;  but 
in  England  it  is  written  woollen. 

Note.— There  is  a  large  class  of  words 
endmg  in  a  single  consonant,  and  accented  on 
some  other  syllable  than  the  last,  the  final 
consonants  of  which  are,  by  very  many  writ- 
ers doubled  in  their  derivatives,  unnecessarily 
and  contrarily  to  analogy.    These  words  are 
chiefly  those  ending  in  I,  with  also  a  few  of 
other  terminations.    The  following  list  the 
words  in  which  are  chiefly  verbs,  includes  the 
most  important  of  those  in  regard  to  which 
usage  varies,  namely,  apparel,  barrel,  bevel,  bias, 
bowel,  and  its  compounds,  cancel,  carburet  (and 
all  similar  words  ending  in  uret),  cavil,  carol 
channel,  chisel,  compromit,  counsel,  cud'^el 
dial,  dishevel,  dowel,  drivel,  duel,  empanel 
enamel,  equal,  funnel,  gambol,  gravel,  grovel 
handsel,  hatchel,  imperil,  jewel,  kennel,  kidnap, 
label,  laurel,  level,  libel,  marshal,  marvel,  yne.dal 
metal,  model,  panel,  parallel,  parcel,  pencil 
perd   pistol,  pommel,  quarrel,  ravel,  revel 
rival,  rowel,  shovel,  shrivel,  snivel,  tassel,  tinsel 
trammel,  travel,  tunnel,  unravel,  vial,  victual 
worship.    In  this  Dictionary,  the  derivatives 
of  these  words  are  made  to  conform  to  the 
rule,  as  recommended  by  Walker,  Lowth, 
Perry,  and  other  eminent  scholars. 

§  9.  Derivatives  formed  from  words  ending 
Jn  a  double  consonant,  by  adding  one  or  more 
syllables,  commonly  retain  both  consonants  : 
as,  ebb,  ebbing;  odd,  oddly ;  stiff,  stiffness; 
skill,  skillful,  skillfulness ;  ivill,  willful,  wUl- 
fulhiess ;  dull,  dullness  ;  full,  fullness.  So  also 
the  double  /  is  retained  in  the  words  install- 
ment, mtkrallment,  thralldom,  and  enrollment 
(from  install,  inthrall,  thrall,  and  enroll),  in 
order  to  prevent  the  false  pronunciation  they 
might  receive  if  spelled  with  one  /.  Many 
writers,  especially  in  England,  omit  one  /  in 
these  words,  as  also  in  the  derivatives  of  skill, 
wdl,  dull,  and  full,  formed  by  adding  the 
syllables  ly  and  ness. 

The  derivatives  of  pontiff  ^ve  exceptions  to 
the  rule,  being  ^mtten  with  only  one /;  as 
pontific,  pontifical,  pontifcial,  and  the  like! 


One  /  also  is  dropped  in  a  few  words  formed 
by  adding  the  termination  ly  to  words  ending 
in  II,  in  order  to  prevent  the  concurrence  of 
three  Ps  :  as,  dull,  dully;  full^  fully. 

§  10.  Im  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  with  silent  e,  the  e  is  generally  retained 
when  the  termination  begins  with  a  conso^ 
nant ;  as,  pale,  paleness  ;  hate,  hateful ;  chaste, 
chastely,  chasteness ;  move,  movement.  When, 
however,  the  e  is  immediately  preceded  by 
another  vowel  (except  e),  it  is  often  dropped 
from  the  derivative:  as,  due,  duly;  argue 
argument;  true,  truly;  awe,  awful;  and  the 
derivatives  and  compounds  of  these  words. 

The  words  wholly,  nursling,  wisdom,  abridg- 
ment, acknowledgment,  lodgment,  judgment, 
and  the  compounds  of  some  of  these,  are  ex- 
ceptions. The  last  four,  however,  are  written 
by  many  authors,  abridgement,  acknowledge^ 
ment,  lodgement,  judgement. 

§  11.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  with  silent  e,  when  the  termination 
begins  with  a  vowel,  the  e  is  generally  omitted, 
except  in  the  cases  mentioned  in  the  next 
paragraph  :  as,  bride,  bridal;  guide,  guidance  ; 
plu7ne, plumage;  use,  usage;  grieve, grievance ; 
come,  coming;  shape,  shaping;  move,  mov- 
able ;  sale,  salable  ;  fleece,  fleecy;  force,  forci- 
ble ;  true,  truism. 

The  e  is  retained  in  the  word  hoeing,  shoe^ 
ing,  and  toeing  (from  hoe,  shoe,  and  toe),  in 
order  to  prevent  a  dov.bt  as  to  the  pronuncia- 
tion, that  might  arise  in  case  it  were  omitted 
It  IS  retained,  also,  in  the  words  dijeing,  singe- 
ing, springing,  swingeing,  tingeing  (from  dl/e, 
singe,  springe,  swinge,  tinge),  to  distinguish 
them  from  dying,  singing,  spnnging,  swings 
ing,  tinging  (from  die,  sing,  spring,  swiiig, 
ting).  The  e,  standing,  in  a  derivative,  before 
a  termination  beginning  with  a  or  o,  and  im- 
mediately after  c  org,  is  retained  in  order  to 
preserve  the  soft  sounds  of  these  consonants- 
as,  peace,  peaceable;  manage,  manageable; 
outrage,  outrageous. 

§  12.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  in  ie,  by  adding  the  termination  ing, 
the  e  IS  dropped,  and  the  i  changed  to  y  in 
order  to  prevent  two  i^s  from  coming  together  • 
as,  die,  dying;  hie,  hying;  He,  lying;  tie[ 
tying;  vie,  vying. 

§  13.  In  derivatives  of  words  ending  in  y 
preceded  by  a  consonant,  and  formed  by  ap^ 


KULES  FOP.  SPELLING. 


IX 


pending  any  termination  except  one  begimnng 
Vith  i,  the  y  iB  usually  changed  into  i,  as 
mercy,  merciless,-  tidy,  tidiness;  modify,  mod- 

of  adjectives  of  one  syllable 
endin-  in  y,  preceded  by  a  consonant,  are  ex- 
cei)tio°is,  aid  usually  retain  the  y:  as,  shy, 
Zness  sly,  slyest;  dry,  dryly;  si^ry^ryer, 
T^^t  Jy,  dryness.  But  the  adjec  ives 
drier  and  driest,  from  dry,  are  commonly  writ- 
ten with  i  instead  of  y.  Derivatives  formed 
by  adding  the  termination  ship,  ^^^retary- 
suretyslup,  ladyship,  and  the  hke,  also 
reliin  the  t  The  ^vords  babyhood  and  lady- 
kin  are  likewise  exceptions. 

i  ll  Derivatives  foru.ed  by  affixing  a  ter- 
minatioA  to  words  ending  in  y,  preceded  by  a 
vowel,  generally  retam  the  y  ^^^^^^f^^^,";' 
gay,  gayety,  gayly ;  sway,  swayed ,  obey, 
obevins ;  buy,  buying. 

The  words  daily,  laid,  paid,  said,  saith,  slain 
and  staid  (from  day,  lay,  pay,  say,  slay,,^^^ 
5fay),  with  their  compounds,  are  exceptions. 
Staid,  however,  is  sometimes  written  stay^L 

Derivatives  formed  by  appending  a 
sylUe  beginning  with  a  vowel  to  ^vords  end- 
in-  wi^h  a  vowel  sound,  generally  retain  the 
letter  or  letters  representing  such  sound  ;  ^, 
huzza,  huzzaed;  agree,  agreeable  agreeing, 
echo,  echoed;  boiv,  bowed  ;  ^^.""'/^""'^"^ 

Derivatives  of  words  of  this  class  ending  in 
silent  e,  as  also  those  formed  from  words  end- 
n^  n  double  e,  by  adding  a  termination  be- 
ginning with  drop  the  final  .  /  as,  hoe,  hoed 
fwe,  oled;  Me,  freer,  freest;  agree^^  <^ued^ 
The  cases  mentioned  in  sections  11,  12,  and  1^ 
are  also  exceptions. 

&  16  Derivatives  formed  by  prefixing  one 
or  more  syllables  to  words  ending  in  a  double 
conrnant  commonly  retain  both  consonan  s  : 
T  befall,  inthrall,  disinthrall,  foreteU,  under- 
sell  fulfili,  enroll,  emboss  (from  fall,  thrall,  tell, 

^^^if;::!^S\sanexception,bein^ 
witten  with  one  L    The  words  disti  l  and  m- 
7ill  should  be  written  with 
though  they  are  often  written  distil  and  instil, 

"tlt'«und  words  formed  by  joining 
two  or  more  words  commonly  retain  all  the 
etters  of  the  simple  words:  as  stiff-ne^ked 
well-bred,  dull-eyed,  save-all,  wide-mouthed. 


There  are  numerous  exceptions  to  this  rule, 
many  of  them  compounds  which  by  lo^g  ^« 
have  acquired  the  force  of  single  words.  They 
are  the  following  :  namely,  some  compounds 
of  all  and  icell ;  as,  almigluy,  almost,  alone, 
already,    also,    although,  altogether  always 
withal,  therewithcd,  wherewithal,  welcome  wel- 
fare --compounds  of  mass;  as,  Candlemas, 
Christmas,    Lammas,    Micliaelmas,  &c.  ; — 
words  of  which  the  second  part  is  the  adjective 
full;  as,  artful,  hateful,  rueful    woejul ; 
also    the  words  chiiblain,  fulfill,  namesake 
neckerchief,  numskull,  pastime,  standtsh,  and 
whm^.        ^^^^^^      ^^^^^  regularly  ends 
in  s  or,'in  certain  classes  of  words,  in  es. 

When  the  noun  in  the  singular  ends  with 
such  a  sound  that  the  sound  of  5  can  unito 
with  it,  and  be  pronounced  without  formmg 
a  separate  syllable,  s  only  is  added  in  forming 
the  plural  :  as,  sea,  seas;  tree,  trees  ;  canto, 
cantos;  claw,  dates;  cab,  cabs;  bead,  beads; 
chief  chiefs;  lock,  locks;  bell,  bells;  cup,  cups; 
act,  acts.    A  few  plunils  from  nouns  endmg 
in  0  preceded  by  a  consonant,  end  in      ;  as, 
uho,  echoes;  cargo,  cargoes;  embargo,  errdmr- 
iroes;  motto,  mottoes;  potato,  potatoes.  Other 
nouns  of  this  class  generally  form  their  pluraU 
re-ularly,  though  us^xge  differs  with  re-ard  to 
some  of  them.    Those  in  which  final  o  is  pre- 
ceded by  a  vowel  form  their  plurals  regularly. 
AVith  regard  to  nouns  ending  in  i,  usage  dit- 
fers,  though  they  are  more  properly  written 
with  the  termination  is. 

When  the  noun  in  the  singular  ends  with 
such  a  sound  (as  that  of  ch,  sh,j,  s,  x,  or  z) 
that  the  sound  of  5  can  not  unite  with  it  m 
pronunciation,  but  must  form  a  separate  syl- 
lable e  is  inserted  before  s  in  forming  the 
plural,  unless  the  word  ends  with  silent  e,  in 
which  case  the  latter  serves  to  form  a  separate 
syllable  with  s,  as,  church,  churches  ;  rush, 
rushes;  age,  ages;  lace,  laces  ;  gas,  gases;  case, 
cases  ;  loss,  losses ;  box,  boxes ;  maze,  mazes. 

To  express  the  plural  of  a  letter,  figure,  or 
any  character  or  sign,  or  of  a  word  mentioned 
without  regard  to  its  meaning,  the  letter  s, 
generally  preceded  by  the  ap«etrophe,  is  ap- 
pended, as  in  the  phrases,  "The  two  Vs  in 
cdl ;  "  the  two  O^s  in  400  ;  "  "  The  wh^j  s  and 
wherefore's  of  the  question." 

^  19.  Nouns  enduig  in  y  preceded  by  a 


consonant  form  their  plunil  by  adding  es  and 

lad  es,  sky,  sines;  army,  armies;  pity  pMes 
Th.3  rule  includes  word,  ending  fn  ?a 

a  consonant :  coUo,,uy,  collo^'uUs.  The 
plural  of  proper  nouns  ending  in%  preceded 
by  a  consonant,  is  formed  by  changing  2/ Int^ 
2  to  the  rule:  as,  "^he't^re^ 

I  When  the  singular  of  a  noun  ends  in  y  pre- 
■oft?  by  a  vowel  (except  u  having  the  power 
r  '„  ^  f  regularly  formed  by  adding 
f  only:  as,  day,  days;  key,  keys;  moneu 
^moneys;  alloy,  alloys;  guy,  guys. 
j  §  20.  The  plurals  of  a  few  nouns  endine 
^  fi^y-  T"  "'"e^'^^^y  fo^ed  by  changing 
for/e  into  ves.  The  following  words,  tith 
their  compounds,  are  the  principal  example 
mmely,  l,fe,  li.es  ;  skeaf,  sheaJs  ;  calf,  caTs  ■ 
^  seh-es ;  wolf,  v^olves.  The  plural  of  stafT 
sometmies  written  staffs,  but  more  com- 
mon^ staves,  except  when  it  means  a  co"  ps 

tT^T'^  "'"^'•^''^  - 

sc^se  It  is  always  written  staffs.  The  plural 
of  u,harf  is  generally  written  L  S 

moult 'h  ''^'^^  "  ^ol 

monly,  but  improperly,  written  wharves. 

u  1-5  •  u""*  '•'""Wing  nouns,  the  plural 
IS  distinguished  from  the  singukr  only  by  a 
change  of  the  vowel  or  vowel  sound  of  Ihe 

eooe,  geese;  foot,  feet;  tootk,  teeth;  brother 
t^  h  WorS 
comlTd,  '?  ^^"^""^  -a«,andareno 
compounds,  form  their  plurals  regularly  by 

Mas. 

aJ/,^^;  ^        P'""^''        in  namely 

S  J3.   Ihe  words  brother,  die.  „a  and 

'nniSfdir*  J™  <"fferS'forms 
and  with  different  significations  :  as,  brot^rs 

be*of  theT  ^"""^  P^^-*- 

bera  of  the  same  society,  association,  class  or 
profession;  brMrert,  members  of  he  same 
religious  or  ecclesiastical  body,  the  word  1 
this  form  being  rarely  used  except  in  ZwiZ 
:Writmgs,  or  in  scriptural  language,  wherHt 
lalso  has  the  same  meaning  thaf  brXZln 


RULES  FOR  SPELLING. 


I      ^"-^  ^''".e'^e^ ;  dies,  implements  for  mak- 

sciews  also  the  cubical  parts  of  pedestal  • 
\'iice,  the  cubical  blocks  used  in  S^ft' 

the  coins,  especially  when  a  definite  ZZll 
..en^^^^^^ 

-the  singular;  as,  aeer,  skeep,  .  J.f^nd  th" 

§  25.  Many  words  adopted  from  foreign 

datum,  data;  genus,  genera;  larva,  larvm- 
cris^,  cnses;  focus,  foci;  monsieur,  meZlurs 
Many  words  of  this  class,  whil^  ret^  nW 
the  original  plurals,  have  also  a  ^cond 
formed  after  the  analogy  of  English  words  of 
similar  termination  :  as,  formula,  fZmtl  or 
formulas;  beau,  beaux  or  beau  f inTx  iZ 
dues  ov  mdexes;  stratum,  strata  or  stratunl^^ 

cherubs ,  seraphim  or  ^em^A^.  Ti^^ 

plurals  of  the  last  two  words  are  Sometimes 
incorrectly  written  cneruMms  and  serapt^! 
with  double  plural  terminations  ' 

iJ  af^:  ""''^i'n  ^o^^Pounds  consist- 
ing of  a  noun  followed  by  an  adjective  or 
other  qualifying  expression,  the  plui^l  rcom! 
monly  formed  by  making  the  same  change  in 
the  noun  as  when  it  stands  alone;  as,  fouZ 
mamal,  courts.nartial ;  cousin.german,  col 
ins-german;  son.in4aw,  sons-in-law.  When 
howeyer,  the  adjective  is  so  closely  joined  te 
ttie  noun  that  the  compound  has  the  force  of 
a  simple  word,  the  plural  of  the  compound  is 
commonly  formed  Uke  that  of  any  other  word 
of  the  same  termination  :  as,  cupful,  cupfuls ; 
handful,  hand fuls.  ^  ' 

§  27.  There  are  many  words,  besides  those 
mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  in 
respect  to  which  usage,  even  that  of  the  best 
authors,  is  variable.  The  most  unportant  of 
these  words  are  mentioned  in  this  and  the 
succeeding  sections. 

The  derivatives  of  the  word  viUain,  as 
villamous,  villainy,  &c.,  though  often  writ- 
ten vUlanous,  ^nllany,  8co.,  properly  retain 
the  I,  like  those  of  other  words  similarly 


RULES  FOR  SPELLING. 


ending  in  ain  :  m,  mountainous,  from  moun- 

The  words  connection.,  deflection,  inflection, 
and  ref  ection,  follow  the  spelling  of  the  words 
connect,  deflect,  inflect,  and  reflect,  though  often 
written,  especially  in  England,  connexion,  de- 
jitcdon,  inflexion,  and  reflexion. 

The  word  woe,  though  often  written  without 
the  final  e,  should  retain  it,  like  most  other 
nouns  of  one  syllable  and  of  shnilar  form  :  as, 
doe,  floe,  foe,  hoe,  sloe,  toe,  and  the  like. 
Monosyllables  other  than  nouns,  and  words 
of  more  than  one  syllable,  having  a  similar 
termination,  omit  the  e :  as,  do,  go,  no,  so, 
canto,  motto,  potato. 

The  words  defense,  expense,  offense,  andpr^- 
tense,  are  properly  written  thus,  though  often 
spelled  with  c  instead  of  s  ;  for  the  s  belongs 
to  the  words  from  which  they  are  derived, 
and  is  also  used  in  all  their  derivatives. 

The  words  drought  and  height  were  formerly 
written  drouth  and  hight,  and  are  still  very 
often  thus  written  in  America. 

The  verb  practice  is  thus  written  like  the 
noun,  in  preference  to  the  form  practise, 
though  the  latter  spelling  is  used  by  many 
writers,  especially  in  England.  The  diCference 
in  spelling  between  the  noun  and  the  verb  is 
properly  observed,  in  words  of  this  kind  only 
in  such  as  are  accented  on  the  last  syllable, 
as  device,  devise. 

§  28  There  is  a  class  of  words  beginning 
with  en  or  in  —  as,  enclose  or  inclose,  enquire, 
or  inquire,  ensure,  or  insure,  and  the  like  — 
many  of  which  take  either  form  of  the  prefix 
indifferently.  They  are  chiefly  derived  from 
the  Latin,  either  directly  or  through  the 
French,  the  prefix  in  belonging  to  the  former 
language,  and  en  to  the  latter.  In  some  of 
these  words,  en  is  to  be  preft-ed  ;  in  others, 
in ;  in  many  of  them,  either  may  be  used  in- 
differently. See  the  different  words  of  this 
class  in  the  Dictionary. 

ff  29.  There  is  a  class  of  words  ending  in 
€r,  someof  which  are  written  by  most  authors 
with  the  termination  re  — as,  center,  meter, 
theater,  &c.  — which  are  often  written  centre, 
metre,  theatre,  &c.  Acre,  chancre,  lucre,  nacre, 
massacre,  and  ogre,  retain  the  termination  re, 
in  order  to  preserve  the  hard  sound  of  the 
c  and  g.  *   ^     •  1 

§  30.  There  are  two  classes  of  chemical 


words  ending  respectively,  as  more  commonly 
written,  in  ide  and  ine,  in  regard  to  which 
usage  has  been  variable.  Most  of  them  were 
formerly  written  without  the  final  e,  but  it  iS 
now  the  almost  universal  practice  to  retain  it : 
as,  bromide,  chloride,  chlorine,  fluorine,  and  the 
Uke.  The  word  tannin  is  always  written  with- 
out the  final  e.  Oxide  is  now  generally  writ- 
ten with  the  termination  ide,  though  formeriy 
by  many  written  oxyd,  from  the  supposition 
that  the  y  of  the  last  syllable  represented  the 
V  of  the  Greek  o^vg,  from  which  the  word  is 
derived  ;  whereas  the  last  syllable  is  simply 
the  same  as  the  termination  of  the  words 
bromide,  sulphide,  and  the  like. 

§  31   There  is  a  class  of  words  ending,  aa 
pronounced,  with  the  sound  of  long  i,  fol- 
lowed by  z,  some  of  which  are  differently 
written,  by  different  authors,  with  either  ise 
ovize  to  represent  this  sound:  as,  criticize, 
or  criticise  ;  civilize,  or  civilise ;  naturalize  or 
naturalise;  patronize   or    patronise.  These 
words  are  mostly  verbs,  and  are  chiefly  de- 
rived from  Greek  words  ending  in  i^to,  or 
from   French  words  ending  in  iser  or  ise. 
There  are  a  few  from  other  sources,  but  formed 
in  analogy  with  those  derived  from  these 
languages.    Those  formed  from  Greek  words 
have  the  termination  ize:  as,  anathematiz^:^, 
characterize,  dramatize,  tantalize.    The  words 
catechise  and  exorcise  are  exceptions.  Those 
formed  in  an  analogous  manner  from  English 
words  are  likewise  written  with  ize  :  as,  albu- 
men'ize,  bastardize,  memorize,  sensitize.  Those 
derived  from  the  French  verb  prendre  (par- 
ticiple pris,  or  prise)  end  in  ise:  as,  apprise, 
comprise,    emprise,    enterprise,    surprise.  Of 
those  formed  from  French  words  other  than 
prendre,  or  which  have  corresponding  fomis 
in  the  French,  a  majority  end  in  ize,  though 
in  respect  to  some  of  them  usage  is  variable. 
The  following  are  the  principal  English  verbs 
ending   in   2se  :  namely,   advertise,  advise, 
afranchise,  apprise,  catechise,  chastise,  circum- 
cise, Comprise,  compromise,  criticise,  dernise, 
despise,   devise,    disenfranchise,  disfranchise, 
disguise,  divertise,  emprise,  enfranchise,  enter- 
prise, exercise,  franchise,  manvmise,  misprise, 
preynise,  reprise,  revise,  supervise,  surmise,  sur- 
prise.  It  may  be  remarked  that  most  of  those 
in  respect  to  which  usage  varies  are  more 
frequently  written  in  England  with  the  ter^ 


XII 


KULES  FOE  SPELLING. 


minatioa  ise,  and  in  the  United  States  with 
the  termination  ize. 

§  32.  Tiie  words  mold  and  molt,  and  their 
compounds  and  derivatives,  are  written  in 
this  Dictionary  with  o  instead  of  ow,  in  anal- 
ogy with  the  words  bold,  bolt,  colt,  gold,  &c., 
from  which  the  u  has  been  dropped.  Most 
authors,  however,  write  these  words  mould  and 
mouU^  and  their  derivatives  in  like  maimer. 


§  33.  There  is  a  numerous  class  of  words 
almost  universally  written,  in  the  United 
Stiites,  with  the  termination  or,  many  of 
which  are  written,  in  England,  with  the  ter- 
mination our:  as  candor,  favor,  honor,  labor, 
rumor,  vigor.  English  usage,  however,  is  not 
uniform  with  respect  to  these  words,  many 
of  them  bemg  written  with  or  in  English 
books.  ^ 


ABBEEVIATIONS  USED  IN  THIS  WORK. 


a.  adjective. 
adv.  adverb. 
Amer.  America. 
colloq.  colloquially. 
compar.  comparative. 
conj.  conjunction. 
Bng.  England,  English. 
e^p.  especially. 
/.  feminine. 


Gram.  Grammar. 

imp.  imperfect. 

interj.  interjection. 

m.  masculine. 

Mas.  Music. 

iu  noun. 

obs.  obsolete. 

p.  a.  participial  adjective 

pi.  plural. 


p.p.  participle  past. 

p.pr.  participle  present. 

prep,  preposition. 

pron.  pronoun;  pronounced. 

^mg.  singular. 

Syn.  Synonyms. 

V.  verb. 

verb  intransitive. 
V.  t.  verb  transitive. 


^ltl^:riT^i;Z^  SSSshf  °f  =  ■^•^•J  P"-""?-        'hdr  constit„e„f,  part. 


It  ea.y  to  understand  the  notation  by  which  the  pronuSn  of  eve;;'w^rd'&*^a". 
spoYul^'^.e^SS^rr  Ers-'f^^^^^  ^       ^-"ulary  refer  to  oorre- 


DICTIONAEY 


OF  THE 


ENGLISH  LANGUAGE. 


A called  the  indefinite  ar- 
ticle, used  before  words 
beginning  with  the  sound 
of  a  consonant ;  any  :  one. 
A-b3,ck',  adv.  Backward. 
Ab'a-eus.  n. 


forming  arithmetical  calcu 
lations.         [stern;  astern. 
A-baft',  arfv.     Toward  the 
Ab-al'ien-ate  (-yen-),  v.  t. 

To  transfer  the  title  of. 
A-ban'don,  v.  t.  To  forsake 

wholly  ;  to  renounce. 
A-b&n'doned,  «•  Oiven  up 
entirely;    very   wicked. -- 
Syn.  Forsaken;  profligate; 
depraved ;  reprobate. 
A-ban'don-ment,  w.  Entire 
desertion ;  a  final   giving  ! 
yp  [to  humble. 

A-bise',v.  <•    To  bring  loNV  ; 
A-base'ment  (10),  n.  State 
of  being  brought  low  ;  hu- 
miliation; degradation. 
A-bash%  r.         To  make 

ashamed ;  to  confuse. 
A-bat'a-ble  (11),  «•  Capable 

of  being  abated. 
A-bate',  t'. To  lessen  ;  to 
diminish  in  price,  —r.  i.  io 
grow  less ;  to  decrease. 
A-bate'ment,  n.  Decrease. 
Ab'a-tlS,  n.      Branches  of 
trees  turned  outward  tor 
defense.  [superior. 
Ab'ba,  n.    Father  ;  religious 


Ab'bess,  n.   Governess  of  a 

A  monastery  or  convent. 
Ab'bot,  n.  Head  of  a  society 
of  monks;  chief  of  an  abbey. 
Ab-bre'vi-ate,t'.f.  To  short- 
en ;  to  abridge;  to  contract 
1  Ab-bre/vi-a'tion,  n.  Act  ot 
I  shortening;  contraction. 
Ab-bre'vi-a'tor,  n.  One  who 

abbreviates  or  shortens. 
Ab'di-€ate,  V.  t.    To  ve\m 
quish;  to  resign. --  r.  ^.  io 
give  up  an  oflice.  [dicating. 
Ab^di-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of  ab- 
Ab-do'men,^.  The  belly,  or 

upper  part  of  the  belly.  ^ 
Ab'd6m'i-nal,a.  Pertaimng 

to  the  abdomen. 
Ab-du€t'  V.  t.    To  kidnap. 
Ab-du€'tion,  n.    Act  ot  car- 
rying away. 
A/be-ge-da'ri-an      n.  a 


ABOMINABLE 

Ab-h6r'rent,  a.  Tnconsist. 

ent :  detesting  ;  odious. 
A-bide',  V-     or  t.    [imp.  & 
p.p.    ABODE.]  Tostayor 
dwell  in  a  place;  to  wait  for. 
A-bil'i-ty,  «•  Vower  ;  means  ; 

skill  ;  {rd-)  mental  powers. 
Ab'je€t,  a.      Mean  ;  worth- 
less ;  base;  despicable. 
Ab'je€t-ness,  n.  Meanness 
of  spirit :  baseness.  ^ 
Ap'ju-raaion,  n.    Act  of  ab- 
juring. 

Ab-jure',  v.  t.    To  renounce 

upon  oath  ;  to  retract. 
Ab'la-tive,a.  Denoting  what 
takes  away.      [ec;  cap-able. 
A'bie  (u/bl),  a.  Having  pow- 
A'bie-b6d'ied,  a.  Having 
strength  of  body.  [ing. 
Ab-lu'tion,  n.  Actofwash- 
A'bly,  adv.    With  ability, 
i  Ab'ne-ga'tion,n.  Self-denial. 
Ab-nor'mal,  a.  Irregular. 


/be-Qe-da'ri-an,  n.  a  ^?■"'i^";^^"^^^,V■  On  board ;  in' 
^et'  '  1^  \  boat.-pr.^.  On 


board  of. 
A-bode',  n.     Place  of  resi- 
(j^.nce.  — SYN.  Dwelling; 
habitation;  domicile.  —  v., 
imp.  andp.p- of  Abide. 
.t)/er-ra'uoii,  n.  — ;  -  l  A.-hsVish  r.  t.    To  repeal; 
wandering  from  the  "S^M  ^ to  make  void ;  to  annul. 

Ab'o-li'tion    (-ITsh/un),  n. 
The  act  of  abolishing. 


A-bed',  adv.  In  bed ;  on  the 
Ab-er 'range,  n.    A  straying 

from  the  right  way.  _ 
Ab-er'rant,  rt.  Wandering. 
Ab/er-ra'tion-  n.      Act  oi 


t.   To  encourage  ; 


way 
A-bSt',  I 

to  help.  ,      ,  , 

A-bet'tor,n.  One  who  abets. 
A-bey'ange,  n.  A  state  oi 
dispense 


privileges  of  an  abbot.       ^  1  n.  Extreme 


Ab/o-liaion-igm  (-hsh'un-), 
n.  Principles  or  measures 
of  abolitionists. 
Ab'o-li'tion-ist  (-lish/un-), 
n.  One  who  favors  aboli- 
tionism. _  [able. 
A-bom'i-na-ble,  a.  Detesca- 


a,e,i,  o,  u,  .> ,  .  "I  -  v\  ' 
80n,6r,  do.wglf,  to-o,took; 


ABOMINATE 

A-b6m'i-nate,  v.  t.   To  hate 

utterly  ;  to  abhor. 
A-b6m^i-naaion,  71.  Great 

hatred;  object  of  hatred. 
Ab/Q-rig'i-nal,  a.    First,  or 
primitive.  —  n.  Original  in- 
habitant. 
Ab/o-rig'i-ne§,  n.pl.  First 

inhabitants  of  a  country. 
A-boraion,  n.  An  intentional 


14 


ACCENT 


miscarriage. 
A-bor'tive,  a.  Unsuccessful; 
untimely  ;  premature. 
,    A-bound',    z.  To  be  in  great 
plenty. 

A-bout',  prep.  Round;  on 
every  side  of;  near  to  ;  con- 
cerning. —  adv.  Around ; 
here  and  there  ;  every  way. 
A-b6ve'(a-buv/),  p-^'/).  High- 
er than  ;  more  than.  —  adv. 
In  a  higher  place. 
A-brade',  v.  t.    To  rub  off; 

to  grate.  [off. 
A-bra'sion,  n.    A  rubbing 
A-breast',  adv.  Side  by  side. 
A-bridge',  v.  t.     To  make 
shorter  ;  to  contract ;  to  cut 
short ;  to  abbreviate. 
A-bridg'ment  (10),  n.  A 
work  abridged  ;  a  summary ; 
epitome  ;  compendium. 
A-broach',  adv.    In  a  pos- 
ture to  let  out  liquor. 
A-broad'  (a-brawdO,  adv.  A' 
large  ;  out  of  doors  ;  in  an- 
other  country. 
Ab'ro-gate,  v.  t.   To  repeal ; 

to  annul.  [pealing. 
AVro-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
Ab-rupt',  a.  Sudden  ;  broken. 
Ab-rup'tion,  w.  Violent  sep- 
aration of  bodies. 
Ab-rupt'ness,  n.  An  abrupt 
^manner;  suddenness. 
Ab^sgess,  n.    A  tumor  filled 

with  purulent  matter. 
Ab-sgmd',  v.  t.    To  cut  off. 
AD-sgis'§ion  (-sizh^un),  n. 
Act  of  cutting  off;  removal ; 
separation. 
Ab-S€6nd',  v.  i.    To  secrete 

one's  self ;  to  hide. 
Ab  s-e6nd'er,  n.    One  who 
absconds.  [absent. 
Ab'senge ,  n .    State  of  being 
Ab'sent,  a.    Not  present ;  in- 
attentive. 


Ab-sent',  v.  t.  To  keep  away. 
Ab^sen-tee',  I  n.     One  who 
Ab-sent'er,  j    absents  him 
self. 

Ab'so-lute,  a.    Not  limited  ; 
unconditional ;     complete ; 
arbitrary ;  despotic  ;  posi- 
tive  ;  peremptory. 
Ab'so-lute-ly,  adv.  Post 
^  tively  ;  arbitrarily. 
Ab'so-lute-ness,  n.  Com- 
^  pleteness  ;  arbitrary  power. 
Ab^so-lu'tion,  n.   Act  of  ab- 
^  solving;  forgiveness. 
Ab'so-lu^tigm,  n.  Principles 

of  absolute  government. 
Ab-solve'  (-zolv/),  V.  t.  To 

free  from  ;  to  pardon. 
Ab-s6rb',  v.  t.   To  suck  up  ; 

to  imbibe. 
Ab-s6rb'ent,  n.  A  substance 
that  absorbs.  —  a.  Sucking 
or  drying  up  ;  imbibing. 
Ab-sorpaiOn,  n.    Act  of  ab- 
sorbing ;  sucking  up. 
Ab-sorp'tive,     a.  Having 
power  to  absorb,  [forbear. 
Ab-stain',  v.  i.  To  refrain  ;  to 
Ab-ste'mi-ous,  a.  Temper- 
ate in  diet ;  abstinent. 
Ab-ste'mi-ous-ly, ac^t;.  Tem- 
perately. 
Ab-ste/mi-ous-ness,  n.  A 

sparing  use  of  food,  &c. 
Ab-sterge',  v.  t.   To  cleanse 

by  wiping  ;  to  purify. 
Ab-ster'gent,  a.   Having  a 

cleansing  quality. 
Ab-ster'sion,  n.   The  act  of 
cleansing.  [cleanse. 
Ab-ster'sive,  a.    Serving  to 
Ab'sti-nenge,  n.    A  refrain- 
ing from  food,  or  from  any 
^  action.  [abstinence. 
Ab'sti-nent,  a.  Practicing 
Ab-stract',  v.  t.     To  draw 
from ;  to  separate ;  to  re 
move ;  to  purloin. 
Ab'stra-et,  a.    Separate;  ex- 
isting in  the  mind  only  ; 
abstruse  ;     difficult.  —  n. 
An  abridsrment  or  epitome. 
Ab-stra-eaion,  n.    Act  of  ab- 
stracting ;  separation  ;  ab- 
sence of  mind. 
Ab-stra-et'ive,  a.  Having 
^  the  power  of  abstracting. 
Ab'Stra-ct-ly,  adv.  By  itself. 


Ab-struse',  a.    Difficult  to 

be  understood  ;  obscure. 
Ab-struse'ly,    adv.  Ob- 
scurely. 
Ab-sfird',  a.      Contrary  to 
reason  or  to  manifest  truth. 
—  Syn.    Foolish;  irration- 
al ;  ridiculous. 
Ab-surd'i-ty,     n.  The  qual- 
Ab-surd'ness,  j      ity  of  be- 
ing absurd. 
A-bun'dange,    n.  Great 

plenty  ;  exuberance. 
A-bun'dant,  a.  Very  plenti- 
ful ;  ample  ;  exuberant. 
A-buse'  (-bQzO,   v.  t.  To 
treat  or  use  ill.  [thing. 
A-buse',  n.    HI  use  of  any 
A-bu'sive,  a.      Marked  by 
abuse.  — Syn.  Reproach- 
ful ;  injurious  ;  opprobrious. 
A-but',  V.  i.    To  end  or  bor- 
der upon. 
A-but'ment,  n.   That  which 
borders  upon  or  adjoins; 
the  solid  part  of  a  bridge 
next  the  land. 
A-but'tal,  n.  The  butting  or 
boundary  of  land.  [gulf. 
A-byss%  n.      A  bottomless 
A^/a-de'mi-an,     )   n.  A 
A€/a-dem'i€,        f  mem- 
A-e^a-de-mi'cian,  (  berof 
A-cad'e-mist,       )    an  a-  ' 
cademy  ;  an  academic  phi- 
losopher. 
A-e^a-dem'io,     )  a.  Pertain- 
A€^a-dein'i€-al,  J    ing  to  an 

academy. 
A-ead'e-ray,  n.  A  school  of 
arts  and  sciences  ;  a  school 
holding  a  place  interme- 
diate between  the  common 
school  and  the  college. 
A€-gede',  v.  i.    To  be  added 

to  ;  to  assent ;  to  agree. 
A-e-gel'er-ate,  v.  t.   To  has- 
ten   the   motion   of;  to 
quicken. 
A-e-geFer-a'tion,  n.   Act  of 

hastening. 
A-e-geKer-a-tive,  a.  Increas- 
^  ing  the  speed. 
A-e'gent,  n.    Modulation  of 
voice ;    superior  stress  of 
voice  on  a  syllable  ;  a  mark 
to  regulate  pronunciation, 
distinguish  magnitudes,  &c. 


S,  e,  T,  6,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e,  1, 6, «,    short;  care,  car,  ask,  all.  wh^t ;  ere,  vgU.  t5rm  ;  pique,  iirm; 


ACCENT 


15 


ACCUSANT 


A-C-QSnt',  V.  t.  To  express  or 
note  the  accent,  [accent. 
A€-g6nt'u-al,  a.   Relating  to 
A€-Qent'u-ate,    v.    t.  To 
mark  or  pronounce  with  an 
accent. 

Ac-Q6nt/u-a'tion,  n.  Mode 
of  uttering  or  marking  ac- 
cents. 

Ac-QCpt',  V.  t.  To  receive  ; 
to  admit ;  to  subscribe,  and 
become  liable  for. 

A€-gept'a-ble,  a.  Likely  to 
be  accepted  ;  agreeable  ; 
welcome ;  pleasing. 

A-c-g^pVa-bil'i-ty,   )  n. 

A<;-Qept'a-ble-ness, )  Qual- 
ity of  being  acceptable. 

A€-Qept'a-bly,  adv.  Agree- 
ably. 

A-e-Qept'ange,  n.  Reception 
with  approbation ;  a  bill 
accepted. 

A-e^gep-ta'tion,  n.  Accept- 
ance ;  the  commonly  re- 
ceived meaning  of  a  word. 

Ac-gept'er,  nr  One  who  ac- 
cepts. 

Ac-gess',  or  Ac'gess,  n.  Ap- 
proach ;  admission ;  in- 
crease ;  augmentation. 

A€-g6s'sa-ry,  a.  Additional ; 
acce^ng.  —  n.  One  who  ac- 
cedes\  to  an  offense. 

A-e-gesb'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  approached. 

A-c-ges'sion  (-sesh'^un),  n. 
The  j|,ct  of  acceding  to ;  addi- 
tion  ;j  increase. 

A-e/ges-so'ri-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing tp  an  accessory. 

A-e-ge^'so-ry,  n.  One  who 
help^  to  commit  a  crime  ;  an 
accorhplice.  —  a.  Contribut- 
ingj  hiding.     [ry  grammar. 

A-C'gi-denge,  n.  An  elementa- 

A^'gi-dent,  n.  An  unfore- 
seen or  unexpected  event ; 
chance  ;  casualty  ;  contin- 
gency.^ 

A-e^gi-dent'al,  a.  Happening 
by  chance  ;  not  essential.  — 
Syn.    Casual;  fortuitous. 

A-e^gi-dgnfal-ly,  adv.  By 
accident. 

A-e-elaim',        )  n.  A  shout 

A^'-ela-ma'tion,  j     of  ap- 


!  A-e-€l3,m'a-to-ry,  a.  Ex- 

pressing  joy  or  applause. 
A-c-€irmate,  v.  t.   To  habit- 
uate  to  a  climate  not  native. 
A^'-eli-ma'tion,  n.  Process 
or  state  of  being  acclhnated. 
A€-eliv'i-ty,  n.  Ascending 

slope  or  inclination. 
A-e-€6m'mo-date,  v.  t.  To 
supply  with  conveniences  ; 
to  adapt ;  to  suit ;  to  adjust. 
A^-edm'mo-da^ting,  a.  Dis- 
posed to  oblige ;  kind. 
A€-e6m/mo-da'tion,  n.  Pro- 
vision of  conveniences  ;  fit- 
ness ;  reconciliation  ;  —  {pi.) 
conveniences. 
A€-c6m'pa-ni-ment  (13),  n. 
That  which  accompanies,  or 
is  added  as  ornament. 
A-e-eom'pa-nist,  n.  The  per- 
former m  music  who  takes 
the  accompanying  part. 
A€-e6m'pa-ny  (-kQm/-),  v.  t. 

To  go  or  be  with  :  to  attend. 
A€-e6m'plige,  n.   An  associ- 
ate in  a  crime  ;  an  accessary. 
A€-c6m'plish,  v.  t.    To  fin- 
ish entirely  ;   to  bring  to 
pass.— Syn.    To  execute; 
effect;  fulfill. 
A-c-edm'plished  (-pllsht),  p. 
a.  i'inished  ;  completed  ;  re- 
fined. 

A€-e6m'plish-ment,  n.  A 
completion  ;     an  acquire- 
ment which  adds  grace. 
A-c-€ompt'ant  (-kount'-),  n. 

See  Accountant. 
A<;-e6rd',  n.      Agreement ; 
concurrence  ;  consent;  un- 
ion. —  V.  i.    To  agree ;  to 
harmonize. 
A-e-eord'ange,  n.  Agree- 
ment; harmony. 
A€-€6rd'ant,  n.  Correspond- 
ing; agreeing ;  consonant ; 
agreeable.  [ance  with. 

A-e-eord'ing  tp.    In  accord- 
A€-e6rd'ing-ly,  adv.  Agreea- 
bly ;  suitably ;  consequently. 
A-e-eor'di-on,  n.     A  small 

musical  instrument. 
A-e-eost',  ^^    t.    To  speak 

first  to  ;  to  address. 
A€-e6st'a-ble,  a.     Easy  of 

access  ;  affable  ;  familiar. 
A€-eount',  v.  t.    To  reckon ; 


to  compute ;  to  esteem  ;  to 
assign  the  causes  of  —  n. 
Computation ;  estimation ; 
regard ;  explanation  ;  nar- 
ration. 

A-c-eo^nt^a-biPi-ty,  w.  Lia- 
bility to  give  account. 

A€-e6unt'a-ble,  a.  Liable 
to  \)c  called  to  account. 

A-c-cfount'a-ble-ness,  n.  A 
being  liable  to  answer  for ; 
accountability. 

A€-€Ount'ant,  n.  One  em- 
ployed, or  skillful,  in  keep- 
ing accounts. 

A€-epu'ter )  (ak-k(5"o/ter),  v. 

A€-epu'tre  j  t.  To  equip 
to  furnish. 

A€-€pu'ter-ments  )  (-kob'- 

A€-eQu'tre-ments  )  ter-),  n. 
Equipage  ;  trappings  ;  orna- 
ments. 

A-c-er6d'it,  v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  credentials ;  to  give 
credit  to. 

A-e-ere'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
growing  to ;  increase. 

A€-ere'tive,  o.  Increasing  by 
growth. 

Ac-erue',  v.  i.  To  arise  ;  to 
be  added  ;  to  increase. 

A-e-eum'ben-gy,  n.  State  of 
reclining. 

A-e-eum'bent,  a.  Reclining ; 
leaning. 

A-e-€u'mu-late,  v.  t.  To  heap 
together. — v.  i.  To  in- 
crease ;  to  be  augmented. 

A€-€u^mu-la'tion,  n.  Act 
of  accumulating  ;  a  heap. 

A-e-eu^mu-la'tive,  a.  Caus- 
ing accumulation. 

A-e-^n'mu-la^tor,  n.  One  who 
accumulates. 

A^'-eu-ra-gy,       )  n.  Exact- 

A-e'€u-rate-ness,  j  ness; 

^  correctness ;  closeness. 

A€'-eu-rate,  a.  Done  with 
care  ;  without  error.  —  SYN. 
Correct ;  precise ;  just. 

A-e'€u-rate-ly,  adv.  Exactly ; 
correctly  ;  nicely. 

A-e-€urse',  v.  t.  To  doom  to 
misery  ;  to  curse. 

A-e-curs'ed,;?.;?. ora.  [p.p. 
pron.  ak-kvrstf ,  and  a.  ak- 
kurs^ed.]  Cursed ;  execrable. 

A-e-eug'ant,  n.  An  accuser. 


son,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  tcTo,  t(rok  ;  Urn,  rije,  pt.ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  ag  :  e^ist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


ACCUSATION 


16 


ADAMANT 


A€'€U-§a'tion,  n.  Act  of  ac- 
cusing ;  charge  of  a  crime. 
A-e-eu'ga-tive,  a.  Accusing  ; 

—  applied  to  a  case  in  gram- 
mar, 

A€-€U§e',  V.  t.     To  charge 
with  a  crime  ;  to  blame  ;  to 
censure.  [cuses. 
A€-<5U§'er,  n.    One  who  ac- 
A-e-€US'toin,  v.  t.    To  make 
_  habitual  or  familiar  by  use. 
Age,  n.    A  unit  on  cards  or 
dice.  [a  head. 

A-geph'a-lous,  a.  Without 
A-gerb'i-ty,  n.  Bitterness  of 
taste  or  of  spirit,  [sourness. 
A-ges'gent,  a.    Tending  to 
A-get'i-fy,  v.  To  turn  ticid. 
Ag^e-tim'e-try,  n.    Art  of 
ascertaining  the  strength  of 
acids. 

A-ge'tous,  a.     Having  the 
_  quaUty  of  vinegar  ;  sour. 
A€he  (ak), -y.  ?'.  To  be  in  pain. 

—  n.    A  continued  pain. 
A-chiev'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  achieved. 

A-chieve',  v.  t.  To  do;  to 
perform ;  to  obtain. 

A-chieve'ment,  n.    A  per- 

_  formance  ;  an  action. 

A-elfing  (ak^ing),  n.  Contin- 
ued pain.  [of  color. 

A€h''ro-mat'i<;,  a.  Destitute 

Ag'id  (iis/id),  a.  Sour;  like 
vinegar.  —  n.  A  sour  sub- 
stance; a  substance  by 
which  salts  are  formed. 

A-gid'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  convert 
into  acid. 

A-gid'i-fi''a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  acidified. 

A-gid''i-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
acidifying. 

A-gid'i-ty,  I  n.    Acid  taste  ; 

Ag'id-ness,  )  sourness. 

A-gid'u-late,  v.  t.  To  tinge 
with  acids.  [sour. 

A-gid'u-lous,    a.  Slightly 

A-e-kn6wl'edge  (ak-noKej), 
V.  t.  To  own  ;  to  confess  ; 
to  avow. 

A€-kn6wl'edg-nient  { -nol^ej- 
ment),  n.    The  owning  of  a 

^  thing  ;  avowal ;  thanks. 

A-e'me,  n.  The  highest 
point ;  summit ;  crisis  of  a 
disease. 


A'€6rn,  n.  Fruit  or  seed  of 
an  oak. 

A-eou'sti-e  (-kow^-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  hearing. 

A-eous'ti€S,  n.  pi.  The  the- 
ory or  science  of  sounds. 

A-e-quaint',  v.  t.  To  inform  ; 
to  make  familiar  with. 

A-e-quaint'ange,  n.  Knowl- 
edge ;  familiarity ;  one  well 
known. 

A€''qui-esge'  (ak''wi-ess'),  v. 

i.    To  assent;  to  be  satis- 
_  fied  with  ;  to  comply. 
Ae^qui-es'genge,  n.  Con- 
^  sent ;  compliance. 
A^/qui-es'gentj  a.  Disposed 

to  submit. 
A-e-quir'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  acquired. 
A€-qmre',  v.  t.    To  gain  ;  to 

obtain ;  to  attain. 
A^-quire'ment,  n.  That 
_  which  is  acquired  ;  gain. 
A€^qui-si'tion  (-zish/un),  n. 

Act  of  acquiring  ;  the  thing 

acquired. 
A-e-qui§'i-tive,  a.  Disposed 

to  make  acquisitions. 
A-e-quis'i-tive-ness,  n.  De- 
sire of  possession. 
A€-quit%  V.  t.  To  discharge; 

to  set  free  ;  to  absolve. 
A-e-quit'tal  (7),  n.  Formal 

release  from  a  charge. 
A€-quit'tange,  n.    A  receipt 

in  full  for  debt ;  discharge. 
A'-ere  (a/ker),  n.    A  piece  of 

land  containing  160  square 

rods. 

A^j'rid,  a.  Hot  and  biting  to 
the  taste ;  pungent. 

A^''ri-m5'ni-ous,  a.  Full  of 
acrimony  ;   bitter  ;  sarcas- 

^  tic  ;  censorious  ;  severe. 

A-e'ri-mo-ny,  n.  Bitterness 
of  feeling  or  language. — 
Syn.  Asperity  ;  sharpness  ; 
severity  ;  harshness,  [taste. 

A«'ri-tude,   n.      An  acrid 

A-e'ro-bat,  n.  One  who  prac- 
tices high-vaulting,  rope- 
dancing,  &c. 

A-er6n'y-«al,a.  Risingat  sun- 
set, and  setting  at  sunrise. 

A-crop'o-lis,  n.    A  citadel. 

A-eross',  pyep.  From  side  to 
side  of ;  athwart ;  over. 


A-€r6s'ti-c,  n.  A  poem  5ii 
which  certai-n  letters  tuken 
successively,  one  in  each 
line,  form  a  name. 

A-€r6s'ti€-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  acrostics. 

A€t,  V.  t.  To  perform ;  to 
do;  to  move;  to  feign. — 
V.  i.  To  be  in  action ;  to 
imitate ;  to  conduct  or  be- 
have. —  w.  A  deed  ;  exploit ; 

^  division  of  a  play. 

A-et'ing,  n.    Act  of  perform- 

^  ing ;  action. 

A-e'tion,  n.  Deed  ;  feat ;  bat- 
tle ;  suit  at  law ;  gesture ; 
^  gesticulation. 

A-e'tion-a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
an  action  at  law. 

A-et'ive,  a.  Causing  or  com- 
municating action  or  mo- 
tion ;  engaged  in  action : 
transitive.  —  Syn.    Brisk  ; 

^  alert ;  nimble ;  quick. 

A-et'ive-ly,  adv.  In  an  active 
manner. 

A-e-tiv'i-ty,  n.    Quality  of 

^  being  active  ;  nimbleness. 

A-et'or,  n.  One  who  acts; 
a  stage-player. 

ress,  n.    A  female  actor. 

A€t'u-al,  a.  Existing  in  act ; 

_  real ;  certain. 

A-et'u-al-ly,  adv.    In  act  or 

^  fact.  [clerk. 

Act'u-a-ry,  n.    A  register  or 

A-et'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  put  in 
action ;  to  excite. 

A-cu'le-ate,  a.  Prickly. 

A-eu'men,  n.  Quickness  of 
perception  ;  acuteness. 

A-cu'mi-nate,  a.  Sharp; 
pointed. 

A-eu'mi-nate,  v.  i.  To  rise 
to  a  point. 

A-eu'mi-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sharpening  ;  a  sharp  point ; 
qiiickness. 

A-€iite',  a.  Sharp;  ingen- 
ious ;  penetrating ;  keen. 

A-€ute'ness,  n.  Sharpness; 
quickness  of  intellect. 

Ad'age,  n.  A  proverb  ;  max- 
im ;  an  old  saying. 

Ad-a'gio,    n.     (Mus.)  A 

^  mark  of  slow  time. 

Ad'a-mant,  n.  A  very  hard 
stone ;  a  diamond. 


a,e, i,o, u, y, /o/ijg-/  3,e,i,o,ii, 


short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pVque,  firm ; 


ADAMANTEAN 


17 


ADMIRALTY 


Ad'a-mant-e'an, )  a.  Ex- 

Ad/a-mant'ine,  )  treniely 
hard  ;  hard  as  adamant. 

A-dapt',  V.  t.  To  tit ;  to  suit. 

A-dapt/a-biPi-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  adaptation. 

A-dapt'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  adapted. 

Ad/ap-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
adapting  or  fitting  ;  suita- 
bleness ;  fitness. 

A-dapt'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  adapted.  [crease. 

Add,  r.  t.    To  join ;    to  in- 

Ad-den'dum,  n.  {pi.  Ad- 
dSn'da.)    Thing  added. 

Ad'der,  n.  A  kind  of  ven- 
omous serpent,   [ing  added. 

Ad'di-ble,  a.   Capable  of  be- 

Ad-di-ct',  V.  t.  To  give  up 
habitually  ;  to  apply.  — 
Syn.  To  devote;  to  dedi- 
cate, [ing  addicted. 

Ad-di€'tion,  n.    State  of  be- 

Ad-di'tion  (-dYsh^un),  n. 
Act  of  adding  ;  thing  add- 
ed ;  part  of  arithmetic 
which  treats  of  adding  num- 
bers. 

Ad-di'tion-al  (-dish^un-),  a. 
Added. 

Ad'dle,  V.  t.  To  make  addle 
or  corrupt. — a.  Diseased, 
as  eggs;  putrid;  corrupt; 
barren  ;  empty. 

Ad-dress',  v.  t.  To  speak  or 
apply  to ;  to  prepare  for ; 
to  direct ;  to  make  love  to. — 
n.  Application;  petition; 
dexterity  ;  skill ;  courtship  ; 
direction  of  a  letter. 

Ad-duge',  i*.  t.  To  bring  for- 
ward ;  to  allege.  [ward. 

Ad-du'gent,  a.  Bringing  for- 

Ad-du'gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  adduced. 

Ad-du-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  ad- 
ducing, or  bringing  forward. 

A-dept',  n.  A  person  skilled  in 
any  art.  —  a.  Well- versed  ; 
skillful. 

Ad  'e-qua-gy,  n.  State  of 
being  adequate  ;  sufl&ciency. 

Ad'e-quate,  a.  Fully  suffi- 
cient ;  equal ;  proportion- 
ate ;  correspondent. 

Ad-here',  v.  i.  To  stick 
close  ;  to  remain  fixed. 


Ad-her'enge,  )  n.  Quality  or 

Ad-her'en-gy,  j  state  of  ad- 
hering; tenacity;  fidelity. 

Ad-her'ent,  a.  United  with 
or  to  :  sticking  to. 

Ad-her'ent,  I  n.    One  who 

Ad-her'er,  )  adheres;  a 
follower ;  a  partizan. 

Ad-he'§ion,  n.  Act  or  state 
of  sticking ;  adherence. 

Ad-he'§ive,  a.  Sticking  ;  te- 
nacious, [hesion. 

Ad-he'give-ly,  adv.  With  ad- 

Ad-he'§ive-ness,  n.  Quahty 
of  sticking ;  tenacity. 

A-dieu'  (a-dQ/),  adv.  Fare- 
well ;  good-by .  —  n.  Act  of 
taking  leave. 

Add-po-gere',  n.  A  waxy 
substance  into  which  fat  is 
sometimes  converted. 

Ad'i-pose,  a.  Consisting  of 
fat ;  fat ;  fatty. 

Ad'it,  n.  A  horizontal  en- 
trance into  a  pit. 

Ad-ja'gen-gy,  n.  State  of  ly- 
ing close  to. 

Ad-ja'gent,  a.    Lying  near  ; 

_  contiguous. 

Ad/je-c-ti'val,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  partaking  of,  an  ad- 
jective. 

Ad'je€-tive,  n.  A  word  add- 
ed to  a  noun  to  express 
some  quality,  attribute,  or 
property. 

Ad'je-e-tive-ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  an  adjective. 

Ad-join',  V.  t.  To  join  or  unite 
to.  —  V.  i.  To  be  contiguous. 

Ad-join'ing,  a.  Joining;  ad- 
jaceut ;  near  ;  contiguous. 

Ad-journ',  v.  t.  To  put  off  to 
another  time.  —  Syn.  To 
postpone  ;  delay  ;  defer. 

Ad-journ'ment,  n.  Act  of  ad- 
journing ;  postponement ; 
delay. 

Ad-judge',  V.  t.  To  sentence  ; 
to  decide  judicially. 

Ad-ju'di-eate,  v.t.To  deter- 
mine by  law. 

Ad-ju'di-ca'tion,  n.  Judicial 
trial  or  sentence. 

Ad'jun-et,  n.  Something  join- 
ed to  another.  —  a.  Added 
to,  or  united  with,  [joining. 

Ad-jun-e'tion,  n.    Act  of  ad- 


Ad-junct'ive,  n.  That  which 
is  joined. — a.  Tending  to  join. 

Ad''ju-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  charg- 
ing solemnly  ;  form  of  oath. 

Ad-jure',  v.  t.  To  charge  on 
oath ;  to  enjoin  earnestly 
or  solemnly. 

Ad-just',  v.  t.  To  make  exact 
or  conformable ;  to  set 
right.  —  Syn.  —  To  adapt ; 
suit ;  fit. 

Ad-just'ment,  n.  A  setting 
in  order  ;  regulation  ;  settle- 
ment, [adjutant. 

Ad'ju-tan-gy,  n.  Office  of  an 

Ad'ju-tant,  n.  A  military 
officer  who  assists  a  superior 
officer. 

Ad'ju-vant,  a.  Helping ; 
helpful.  —  n.  A  helper ;  an 
assistant. 

Ad-mSag'ure-ment,  (-m6zh'- 
Ijr-),  n.  Act  or  result  of 
measuring ;  measurement. 

Ad-men^su-ra'tion,  n.  Act 
of  measuring ;  mensuration. 

Ad-min'is-ter,  v.  t.  To  man- 
age ;  to  direct ;  to  supply  ;  to 
settle,  as  an  estate.  —  v.  i. 
To  contribute ;  to  act  as  ad- 
ministrator. 

Ad-mm'is-te'ri-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  administration. 

Ad-mm^is-tra'tion,  n.  Act 
of  administering ;  executive 
part  of  government. 

Ad-mhi'is-tra''tive,  a.  Ad- 
ministering. 

Ad-min/is-tra'tor,  n.  A  man 
who  manages  an  intestate 
estate. 

Ad-min'is-tra'tor-ship,  n. 

Office  of  an  administrator. 
Ad-min''is-tra'trix,   n.  A 

woman  who  administers  an 
^  estate. 

Ad'mi-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
admiration.  —  Syn.  Won- 
derful ;  rare  ;  excellent. 

Ad'mi-ra-bly,  adv.  Wonder- 

^  fully ;  excellently. 

Ad'mi-ral,  n.  Principal  offi- 
cer of  a  fleet  or  navy. 

Ad'mi-ral-ship,  n.  Office  of 
admiral. 

Ad'mi-ral-ty,  n.  The  power 
or  the  court  for  administer- 
ing naval  affairs. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  WQlf,  too,  tdbk ;  tirn,  rije,  piiU ;  9,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


ADMIRATION 


18 


ADVERTISER 


Ad^mi-ra'tion,  n.  Astonish- 
ment; wonder;  esteem. 

Ad-mire',  v.  t.  To  regard 
with  wonder  or  love.  — v.  i. 
To  wonder. 

Ad-mir'er,  n.  One  who  ad- 
mires ;  a  lover. 

Ad-mi's^si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  admissible. 

Ad-mis'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  admitted. 
■  Ad-mis'sion  (-mish''un),  n. 
Act  of  admitting;  admit- 
tance ;  allowance. 

Ad-mit',  r.  t.  To  let  in;  to 
receive  as  true  ;  to  allow. 

Ad-mit'tange  (7),  w.  Act  or 
power  of  entering. 

Ad-mix',  v.t.    To  mingle. 

Ad-mix'tion  ( -mikst/y  un ) , 
n.    A  mingling. 

Ad-nuxt'ure  (-mikst/yiir),  n. 
Act  of  mixing;  the  sub- 
stance mixed. 

Ad-mon'ish,  v.  t.  To  warn ; 
to  reprove  gently  ;  to  advise. 

Ad-mon'ish-er,  v.  One  who 
admonishes. 

Ad^mo-ni'tion  ( -m  sh^un ) , 
n.  Gentle  reproof ;  counsel ; 
warning. 

Ad-mon'i-tive,  )  a.  Con- 

Ad-m5n'i-to-ry,  |  taining 
admonition ;  monitory  ; 
warning.  [admonishes. 

Ad-mon'i-tor,  n.    One  who 

Ad-nas'gent,  a.  Growing  to 
something  else. 

A-dp',  {-dobO,  n.  Trouble; 
difficulty  ;  bustle ;  stir. 

Ad^o-les'genge,  n.  State  of 
_  growing  ;  youth. 

Ad'^o-les'Qent,  a.  Growing ; 
advancing  to  manhood. 

A-dopt',  V.  t.  To  take  as 
one's  own. 

A-d6p'tion,  n.  Act  of  adopt- 
ing. 

A-d6pt'ive,  a.  Adopting ; 
adopted. 

A-dor'a-ble,  a.  "Worthy  of 
adoration ;  divine. 

Ad'o-ra'tion,  M.  Divine  wor- 
ship ;  homage ;  profound 
reverence. 

A-dore',  v.  t.  To  worship ;  to 
venerate ;  to  reverence  ;  to 
revere  ;  to  love  intensely. 


A-dor'er,  n.  One  who  adores  ; 
a  lover. 

A-dorn',  v.  t.  To  deck  ;  to  em- 
bellish ;  to  decorate,  [ment. 

A-dorn'ment,  n.  Jimbellish- 

A-drift',  a.  or  adv.  Floating 
at  random. 

A-droit',  a.  Skillful ;  expert ; 
dexterous  ;  ingenious. 

A-droit'ly,  adv.  Ingeniously. 

A-droit'ness,  n.    Dexterity  ; 

^  skill. 

Ad^sgi-ti'tious  (-tish/us),  a. 
Additional ;  supplemental. 

Ad^u-la^tion,  n.  Excessive  or 
servile  flattery.     [to  excess. 

Ad'u-la''to-ry,  a.  Flattering 

A-dult',  n.  A  person  grown. 
—  a.    Grown  to  maturity. 

A-duPter-ant,  n.  A  person 
or  thing  that  adulterates. 

A-duPter-ate,  v.  t.  To  de- 
base or  corrupt  by  mixture. 

A-dul'ter-ate,  a.  Debased ; 
corrupted ;  tainted  with 
adultery. 

A-duFter-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
adulterating. 

A-dul'ter-ess,  n.  A  woman 
guilty  of  adultery. 

A-dul'ter-ous,  a.  Guilty  of 
adultery  ;  spurious ;  corrupt. 

A-dul'ter-y,  n.  A  violation  of 
the  marriage  bed. 

A-dult'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
adult.  [out  faintly. 

Ad-um'brate,  v.  t.  To  shadow 

Ad^um-bra'tion,«.  A  shad- 
ow or  faint  resemblance. 

Ad-im'gi-ty,  n.  A  bending  in 
the  form  of  a  hook. 

A-dust',  a.  Burnt  or  scorch- 
ed, or  looking  so. 

A-diis'tion  (-dOst/yun),  n. 
The  act  of  burning  up 

Ad-vange',  n.  A  going  for- 
ward ;  promotion  ;  payment 
beforehand.  — v.  t.  To  bring 
forward  or  higher  ;  to  raise  ; 
to  promote :  to  pay  before- 
hand. —  V.  i.  To  go  on ;  to 
improve  ;  to  rise  in  rank. 

Ad-vange'ment,  n.  Act  of 
advancing  or  moving  for- 
ward ;  progress  ;  promotion ; 
preferment. 

Ad-van'tage,  n.  Favorable 
circumstances ;  superiority ; 


gain  ;  benefit ;  profit.  — v.  t. 
To  benefit ;  to  promote. 
Ad'van-ta'geous,  a.  Being 
of  advantage  ;    profitable  ; 
useful. 

Ad'van-ta'geous-ly,  adv. 
Profitably  ;  conveniently. 

Ad'vent,  n.  A  coming  ;  the 
season  of  four  weeks  before 
Christmas. 

Ad^ven-ti'tioiis  (-tTsh^us),  a. 
Added ;  accidental  ;  inci- 
dental; not  essentially  in- 
herent, [the  advent. 

Ad-vent'u-al,  a.  Belating  to 

Ad-vent'ure  {-venfyijr),  n. 
An  extraordinary  event ;  an 
enterprise  ;  chance  ;  hazard. 
—  V.  t.  To  try  the  chance; 
to  risk.  —  V.  i.  To  venture. 

Ad-vent 'ur-er,  n.  One  who 
adventures. 

Ad-v6nt'ur-ous  {ll),a.  Dar- 
ing ;  bold ;  enterprising ; 
venturesome. 

Ad'verb,  n.  A  word  used  to 
modify  a  verb,  adjective,  or 
other  adverb. 

Ad-verb'i-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  like,  an  adverb. 

Ad-verb'i-al-ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  an  adverb. 

Ad'ver-sa-ry,  n.  An  oppo- 
nent; enemy;  antagonist. 

Ad-ver'sa-tive,  a.  Express- 
ing contrariety  or  opposi- 
^  tion . 

Ad'verse,  a.  Contrary  ;  ca- 

^  lamitous ;  afflictive. 

Ad'verse-ly,  adv.  In  an  ad- 
verse manner ;  unfortu- 
nately. 

Ad-ver'si-ty,  n.  Misfortune ; 
affliction ;  calamity. 

Ad-vert',  v  i.  To  turn  the 
mind.  — Syn.  To  attend; 
regard  ;  observe  ;  refer. 

Ad-vert'enge,  )  n.  Direc- 

Ad-vert'en-gy,  I  tion  of  the 
mind ;  attention  ;  heed. 

Ad-vert'ent,  a.  Attentive. 

Ad^ver-tise',  v.  t.  To  inform ; 
to  give  piiblic  notice  of. 

Ad-ver'tige-ment,  or  Ad^- 
ver-ti§e'ment,  n.  A  pub- 
lic notice ;  information. 

Ad^ver-tTs'er, .  w.  One  wh6 
advertises. 


a,  §,  1, 6,  u,  y,  long ;  S,  e,  i,  6,   ,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ftll,  wh§,t ;  gre,  veil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  *, 


ADVICE 


19 


AFFRANCHISE 


Ad-vTge',  n.  Counsel ;  instruc- 
tion ;  notice ;  tidings. 

Ad-vi§'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be 
advised  or  done  ;  prudent ; 
proper ;  expedient. 

Ad-vi§'a-ble-ness,  n.  _  Fit- 
ness ;  propriety  ;  expediency. 

Ad-vT§e',  1'.  To  give  advice 
to  ;  to  counsel ;  to  inform  ; 
to  apprise.  — v.  i.  To  con- 
sider. 

Ad-vi§'ed-ly,  adv.  "With  de- 
liberation or  advice  ;  pru- 
dently. 

Ad-vT§e'ment,  n.  Caution; 

advice ;  counsel.  [vises. 
Ad-vi§'er,  n.    One  who  ad- 
Ad-vi'§o-ry,  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  advise  ;  giving  advice. 
Ad'vo-ca-Qy,    n.      Act  of 
^  pleading  ;  intercession. 
Ad'vo-«ate,  n.      One  who 
pleads  for  another;  a  de- 
fender. 

Ad'vo-cate,  v.  t.  To  plead 
in  favor  of ;  to  support. 

Ad/yo-^a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
pleading  ;  a  plea. 

Ad^vow-ee',  n.  One  who  has 
the  right  of  advowson. 

Ad-vow'§on,  n.  The  right 
of  presenting  a  priest  to  a 

_  vacant  benefice. 

A^dy-nam'i€,  a.  Pertaining 

^  to' debility  ;  weak;  feeble, 

Adz,   )  n.  A 

Adze,  j  tool 
with  an  arch- 
ing blade  for 
chipping. 

.^-5'li-an,  a.  Adze. 
Pertaining  to,  or  produced 
by ,  the  wind.  —  /Eolian  harp , 
astringed  instrument  played 
_  on  by  the  wind,  [air ;  high. 

A-e'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to  the 

Ae'rie  (e^ry  or  a/ry),  The 
nest  of  an  eagle  or  other 
_  bird  of  prey.  [aerifying. 

A'cr-i-fi-ea'tion,  n.    Act  of 

A'er-i-form,  a.  Having  the 
_  form  of  air,  as  gas. 

A'er-i-fy,  v.  t.  To  combine 
_  or  fill  with  air. 

A''er-6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  the  air. 

A'er-o-lite,  n.  A  meteoric 
stone 


A'er-61'o-gy,  w.   The  science 

_  which  treats  of  the  air. 

A^er-o-mS^n'gy,  n.  Divina- 
tion by  means  of  the  air,  or 

_  of  substances  found  in  it. 

A'er-dm'e-try,  n.  Art  or 
science  of  ascertaining  the 

_  mean  bulk  of  gases. 

A'er-o-nauV,  a.    An  aerial 

_  navigator  ;  a  balloonist. 

A^er-0-naiit'i€,  n.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  practicing,  aerial 

_  sailing. 

A^er-o-naut'i^s,    sm^.  The 

art  of  sailing  in  the  air. 
Aer-o-stat'i^,     I  a.  Ilelat- 
A^er-o-stat'i-c-al,  j      ing  to 
_  aerostatics. 

A/er-o-stat'i-es,  n.  sing.  The 
science  that  treats  of  the 

_  equilibrium  of  elastic  lluids. 

A''er-OS-ta'tion,  n.  Aerial 
navigation ;  aeronautics. 

iEs-thet'i-C,  «•  Pertaining  to 
irstlietics. 

JEs-thct'i-GS,  n.  sing.  Theory 
or  philosophy  of  taste  ;  sci- 
ence of  the  beautiful. 

A-far',  adv.  At  a  great  dis- 
tance; fiir.  [fear. 

A-feard',  a.    Affected  with 

Af/fa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Readiness 
to  converse ;  civility. 

Af  fa-ble,  a.  Easy  of  manners 
or  conversation ;  courteous. 

Af fa-bly,  ar/i'.  In  an  affable 
manner ;  courteously. 

Af-fair',  n.  Business  ;  a  par- 
tial or  minor  engagement. 

Af-fe€t',  V.  t.  To  act  upon  ; 
to  influence;  to  dispose  or 
incline  ;  to  aim  at ;  to  make 
^  a  show  of. 

Af'fe-e-ta'tion,    n.  False 
show  ;  artificial  appearance ; 
insincerity  ;  pretense. 
Af-fe-et'ed,  a.  Disposed  ;  full 

of  affectation. 
Af-fe-ct'ing,  a.    Moving  the 

feelings;  pathetic. 
Af-fe€'tion,  n.    Love  ;  fond- 
ness ;  inseparable  attribute 
or  quality ;  disease. 
Af-fe-c'tion-ate,  a.  Fond; 

tender;  loving;  kind. 
Af-fi'ange,  n.    A  marriage 
contract ;  confidence  ;  trust. 
V.  t.  To  betroth  ;  to  trust, 


Af-fi'an-Qer,  n.      One  who 

affiances. 
Af-fi'ant,  n.  One  who  makes 

:in  affidavit. 
Af'fi-da'vit,  w.     A  sworn 

statement  in  writing. 
Af-fiPi-ate,  t'.  t.    To  adopt; 

to  receive  as  a  member. 
Af-fiPi-a'tion,  n.  Adoption. 
Af  fi-nage,  n.  Art  of  refining 

metals  by  the  cupel. 
Af-fm'i-ty,  n.    Relation  by 

marriage  ;  close  agreement ; 

chemical  attraction. 
Af-firm',i'.  t.  To  establish  or 

ratify  ;  to  declare  positively. 

—  Syn.  To  aver;  protest; 
assert ;  asseverate. 

Af-flrm'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  affirmed. 

Af-flrm'ange,  n.  Confirma- 
tion ;  declaration.  [firms. 

Af-firm'ant,  n.   One  who  af- 

APfir-ma'tion,  n.  A  solemn 
declaration  ;  confirmation  ; 
ratification. 

Af-flrm'a-tive,  a.  Affirming ; 
declaratory ;    confirmative ; 

—  n.  That  which  contains  an 
affirmation. 

Af-fix',  V.  t.    To  attach  ;  to 
fasten  to  the  end  ;  to  annex. 
Affix,  n.  A  syllable  or  letter 
joined  to  the  end  of  a  word. 
Af-fla'tion,  n.   A  blowing  or 

breathing  upon. 
Af-fla'tus,  n.  Breath  ;  blast ; 

inspiration. 
Af-fli€t',f.  t.  To  give  pain  to ; 

to  trouble  ;  to  distress. 
Af-fli-ct'ed,  a.  Troubled  ;  suf- 
fering distress.  [tressing. 
Af-fli€t'ing,  a.  Grievous  ;  dis- 
Af-fli-c'tion,  w.  State  of  being 
afflicted  ;  sorrow  ;  calamity  ; 
distress.  [painful. 
Af-fli-ct'ive,  a.  Distressing; 
Af  flu-enge,  n.  Abundance  ; 
^  wealth  ;  riches. 
Af  flu-ent,  a.  Wealthy  ;  rich  ; 

plentiful ;  abundant. 
Afflux,       \n.   The  act  of 
Af-f lux'ioii ,  )     flowing   to  ; 

that  which  flows  to. 
Af-ford',  V.  t.    To  yield;  to 
confer  ;  to  supply  ;  to  be  able 
to  sell,  exchange,  or  expend. 
Af-fran'chise  (-chiz),  v.  t. 


stone.  — f.     To  oetrotn ;  to  trust.  Ai-iran'chise  (-ciiiz),  v.  t. 

s6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  tc~o,  tdbk  ;  tarn,  rije,  pull ;  p,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard/  as  ;  e^ist ;  g  as  ng ;  this. 


AFFRAY 


20 


AGREEABLE 


To  make  free ;  to  enfran- 
chise. 

Af-fray',  n.    A  tumultuous 

quarrel ;  brawl. 
Af -fright'  (-frltO,  V.  t.  To 

frighten ;     to    terrify  ;  to 

alarm.  — n.    Sudden  fear. 
Af  front'  (-frunt^,  n.  Open 

disrespect  or  ill  treatment. 

—  V.  t.  To  insult ;  to  olfend. 
Af-fu§e%  V.  t.  To  pour  upon. 
Af-fu'§ion,  n.  Act  of  pouring 

upon.  [the  field. 

A-field',  adv.    To,  in,  or  on, 
A-float',  adv.  or  a.  Swim- 
ming ;  in  a  floating  state. 
A-fobt',  adv.  On  foot ;  in  ac- 
tion, 

A-f6Te',adv.  or  prep.  Before. 
A-f  ore 'said  (-sed),  a.  Named 
before.  [past. 
A-f  ore 'time,  adv.    In  time 
A-f raid ' ,  a .  S  truck  wi  th  fear . 

—  SVN.  Fearful ;  apprehen- 
sive ;  timid ;  alarmed  ;  fright- 
ened ;  appalled. 

A-fresh',  adv.  Anew  ;  again. 
Aft,  adv.  or  a.    Near  the 
,  stern ;  astern  ;  abaft. 
Aft'er,  prep.    Later  in  time  ; 
behind  ;  in  search  or  imita- 
tion of ;    concerning.  —  a. 
Subsequent ;    more  aft.  — 
adv.    Subsequently  in  time 
or  place. 
Aft'er-elap,  n.  An  unexpect- 
.  ed  subsequent  event. 
Aft'er-cr6p,n.  A  second  crop. 
Aft'er-math,  n.   Second  crop 

of  grass. 
Aft'er-most,  a.  Hindmost; 
^  nearest  the  stern. 
AfVer-nobn',  n.    The  time 
.  from  noon  to  evening. 
Aft'er-pains,  n.  pL  Pains 

succeeding  childbirth. 
Aft'  er-piege,  n.  A  piece  per- 
.  formed  after  a  play. 
Aft'er-thought  (-thawt),  n. 
.  Jleflection  after  an  act. 
Aft'er-ward,   )  adv.  In  time 
Aft'er-wards, )  subsequent. 
A-gain'  (-l^enO,  adv.  Another 
time ;  once  more  ;  in  return. 
A-gainst'(-ggnstO,;?r(^p.  Op- 
posite to  ;  in  opposition  to  ; 
in  provision  for. 
A-gape',    adv.     With  the 


mouth  wide  open ;  with  star- 
ing surprise. 

Ag'ate,  n.  A  kind  of  quartz ; 
a  kind  of  type;  thus, 
jeer- Agate  type. 

A^e,  n.  Any  period  of  time  ; 
a  particular  period  ;  decline 
of  life ;  mature  years  ;  agen- 

_  eration  ;  a  century.  [old. 

A'ged,  a.    Advanced  in  age  ; 

A'gen-gy,  n.  Quahty  of  act- 
ing or  state  of  action  ;  office 

_  of  an  agent  or  factor. 

A'gent,  w.  One  who  acts  as 
a  deputy  ;  an  active  cause  or 
power. 

Ag-gl6m'er-ate,  v.  t.  To 
gather  into  a  ball  or  mass. 

Ag-gl6m'er-ate,  a.  Collected 
into  a  ball  or  heap. 

Ag-glSm/er-a'tion,  n.  Act 
of  gathering  into  a  ball ; 
close  collection. 

Ag-glu'ti-nant,  a.  Uniting 
as  glue ;  causing  adhesion. 
—  n.  Any  viscpus  or  ad- 
hesive substance. 

Ag-glu'ti-nate,  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  adhere  or  unite. 

Ag-glu/ti-na'tion,n.  Act  of 
uniting,  as  by  glue ;  adhe- 
sion, [to  unite. 

Ag-glu'ti-na-tive,  a.  Tending 

Ag'grand-ize,  V.  To  make 
great;  to  enlarge  ;  to  exalt. 

Ag-gran'dize-ment,  or  Ag'- 
gran-dize^ment,  w.  Act  of 
aggrandizing,  or  state  of 
being  aggrandized  ;  exalta- 
tion, [aggrandizes. 

Ag'gran-diz^er,  n.  One  who 

Ag'gra-vate,  v.  t.  To  make 
worse  ;  to  exaggerate ;  to  en- 

^  hance  ;  to  provoke. 

Ag'gra-va'tion,  n.   The  act 

_  of  aggravating. 

Ag'gre-gate,  v.  t.  To  collect. 

Ag'gre-gate,  a.  Formed  of 
parts  collected.  — n.  A  sum 

^  or  assemblage  of  particulars. 

Ag/gre-ga'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  collecting  into  a  mass. 

Ag'gre-ga'tive,  a.  Causing 
aggregation  ;  collective. 

Ag-gres'sion  (-gresh^un),  n. 
First  attack,  invasion,  or  en- 
croachment,    [first  attack. 

Ag-gress'ive,  a.  Making  the 


Ag-gr6ss'or,  n.  One  who  be- 
gins to  attack,  or  injure. 

Ag-griev'ange,  n.  Injury. 

Ag -grieve',  v.  t.  To  afflict; 
to  oppress  or  injure ;  to  har- 
ass. 

Ag -group'  {-grobpO,  v.  t.  To 
bring  together ;  to  group. 

A-ghast',  adv.  Amazed;  stu- 
pefied with  horror. 

Ag'ile,  a.    Quick  of  motion. 

—  Syn,  Nimble;  active; 
lively  ;  brisk. 

Ag'ile-ness,  )  n.    Activity  ; 
A-gil'i-ty,    )  quickness. 
Ag'i-ta-ble,  a.    Capable  of 
^  being  agitated. 
Ag'i-tate,  v.  t.   To  disturb  ; 

to  perturb  ;  to  discuss. 
Ag^i-ta'tion,  n.  Disturbance. 

discussion.  [tates. 
Ag'i-ta^tcr,  n:  One  who  agi- 
Ag'let,  n.    A  tng  ;  a  point  at 

the  end  of  a  fringe. 
Ag'nail,  n.    A  disease  of  the 

nails ;  a  whitlow. 
Ag'nate,  a.    Related  or  akin 

by  the  father's  fide. 
Ag-na'tion,  n.   Relation  by 

the  father's  side. 
Ag-n5'nieii,  n.    An  added 

name.  [past. 
A-go',  adv.  In  time  past  ; 
A-g6g',  adv.    In  a  state  of 

eager  desire  or  curiosity. 
A-go'ing,  p.  pr.   In  motion, 
Ag'o-nism,  n.  Contention 

for  a  prize. 
Ag/Q-nist'i-c,     \  a.  Relating 
Ag/Q-nist'l-e-al,  )     to  any 

violent  contest,  bodily  or 
_  mental. 

Ag'o-nize,  V.  i.  To  writhe 
with  agony.  —  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  suffer  agony  ;  to 
torture. 

Ag'o-ny,  n.    Excessive  pain. 

—  Syn.  Anguish  :  pang. 
A-gra'ri-an,  a.    Relating  to 

an  equal  division  of  lands. 

A-gra'ri-an-ism,  n.  An  equal 
division  of  land  or  property. 

A-gree',  v.  i.  To  be  of  one 
mind  ;  to  harmonize  ;  to 
yield  assent  ;  to  suit  ;  to 
correspond  in  gender,  num- 
ber, case,  or  person. 

A-gree'a-hle  (15),  a.  Agreeing 


a,  e,  1,  5,  u ,  y,  long ;  a,  e,    6,  tt,  5^^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  whgit ;  ere,  vgil,  t5nn  ;  pique,  fTrm ; 


AGREEABLY 


21 


ALIENABLE 


or  suitable  ;  in  conformity  ; 
pleasing  to  the  mind  or 
senses. 

A-gree'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
agreeable  manner ;  cotiforni- 
abiy. 

A-gree'ment,  n.  Act  or  state 
of  agreeing  ;  concord  ;  har- 
mony ;  bargain  ;  compact. 

Ag^ri-€ult'ur-al,  a.  llelating 
to  agriculture. 

Ag'ri-eult'ure,  n.  Art  of 
cultivating  the  ground ;  hus- 
bandry ;  tUlage.  [er. 

Ag^ri-€ult'ur-ist,  n.  A  farm- 

A-ground',  adv.      On  the 

_  ground ;  stranded. 

A'gue  (Ti/gu),  n.  Chilliness; 
an  intermitting  fever. 

A'gu-ish  (11),  a.    Shivering  ; 

_  chilly  ;  partaking  of  ague. 

A'gu-ish-ness,  n.   A  shiver- 

_ing  as  with  cold. 

Ah,  interj.  An  exclamation 
expressive  of  surprise,  tri- 

_  umph,  «&e. 

A-ha',  interj.  An  exclamation 
denoting  triumph,  &c. 

A-h6ad',  adv.    t'urther  on  ; 

_  forward  ;  in  advance. 

Aid,  v.t.  To  help  ;  to  succor ; 

to  assist.  —  n.  Help  ;  sup- 
_  port ;  assistance  ;  succor. 

Aid'-de-€amp,     I  (ad'-de- 

Aide-der-eamp,  )  kong)  n. 
{pi.  Aid§-de-€arap,  or 
Aide§-de-eamp.)  An  offi- 
cer who  assists  a  general. 

Ail,  n.  Disorder  ;  indisposi- 
tion. —  V.  t.  To  affect  with 
pain  or  uneasiness  ;  to  trou- 
^ble  ;  to  be  the  matter  with. 

Ail'mcnt,  n.  Illness  ;  mor- 
_  bid  alfection. 

Aim,  n.  Direction ;  endeavor  ; 
design  ;  purpose ;  intention. 
—  V.  i.  8c  t.    To  point,  or 

_  direct  as  a  weapon. 

Aim'less,  a.    Without  aim. 

Air,  n.  The  fluid  we  breathe  ; 
atmosphere  ;  a  tune  ;  pecu- 
liar manner  or  appearance  ; 
mien  ;  show  of  pride.  —  v.  t. 
To  expose  to  the  air  ;  to  ven- 
tilate ;  to  dry  by  air  and 

^  warmth.      [containing  air. 

Air'-gells,  n.  pi.  Cavities 

Air'-giin,  n.  A  gun  discharg- 


ed by  means  of  compressed 
^  air. 

Air'-hole,  n.  A  hole  to  ad- 
^  init  or  discharge  air. 
Air'i-ly,at/i'.  Gayly  ;  merrily. 
Air'i-ness,  n.  Openness  to  the 
^  air  ;  gayety  ;  levity. 
Air'ing,n.  An  excursion  in 
the  open  air ;  exposure  to 
^  air. 

Air'less,  a.  Yoidof  air  ;  close. 
Air'-pump,  n.     A  machine 
for  exhausting  the  air  for  a 
_  closed  vessel. 

Air'y,  a.    Open  to  the  air; 

gay  ;  unsubstantial. 
Aisle  (Tl),  n.  Wing  of  a  build- 
[ig  ;  a  passage  in  a  church. 
A-jar',  ac/t'.   Partly  open. 
A-kim'bo,  adv.       With  a 

crook  or  bend. 
A-kin'  a.    Related  by  blood  ; 

allied  by  nature. 
AFa-b5,s'ter,  n.  A  soft,  trans- 
lucent variety  of  sulphate 
or  carbonate  of  lime. 
A-lack',  interj.    An  exclama- 
tion expressive  of  sorrow. 
A-la€'ri-ty,    n.  Cheerful 

readincps  or  willingness. 
AVa-mode',  adv.  In  the  fash 
ion. — n.  A  kind  of  thin 
glossy  black  silk. 
A-larm',  n.  A  notice  of 
danger  ;  sudden  surprise 
and  fear.  —  To  give 

notice  of  danger  ;   to  dis- 
turb ;  to  terrify. 
A-larm'-cl6ck,  n.   A  clock 

made  to  sound  an  alarm. 
A-larm'ist,  n.    One  who  in- 
tentionally excites  alarm. 
A-las',  interj.    An  exclama- 
tion expressive  of  sorrow. 
Alb,  n.    A  vestment  of  white 
linen  worn  by  lloman  Cath 
olic  priests. 
Al-be'it,  adv.      Although ; 
"notwithstanding. 
Al-bes'gent,  a.  Lecominj 

white  or  whitish. 
Al-bPno,  n.  {pi.  Al-bi'nos.) 
A  person  or  animal  preter- 
naturally  white  ;  especially, 
_  a  white  negro. 
Al'bum,  n.  A  blank  book  for 

autographs,  &c. 
Al-bu'men,  n.     A  peculiar 


animal  substance  found 
nearly  pure  in  the  white  of 


[part  of  wood. 
n.  White,  soft 
n.    A  universal 

solvent. 
A  Spanish  gov- 


an  egg. 
Al-btir'num, 
Al'-ea-hest,  I 
Al'ka-hest,  j 
Al-caid',  n. 

ernor  or  warden. 
Al-chem'i€-al,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  produced  by,  alchemy. 
Al'€he-inist,  n.       One  who 
^  practices  alchemy. 
Al'€he-my,  n.    Occult  chem- 
istry ;  the  art  of  changing 
base  metals  into  gold. 
Al'€0-h61 ,  n .    Pure  or  highly 

rectified  spirit. 
AF€0-h61'ic,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  ])artaking  of,  alcohol. 
Al'<;o-r^n,  n.      The  sacred 
book  of  the  Mohammedans. 
Al'€ove,  or  Al-€Ove',  n.  A 
recess  in  a  Ubrary  or  other 
room.  [varieties. 
Al'der,  n.    A  tree  of  several 
Al'der-man  (21),  n.    A  mag- 
"istrate    ranking    below  a 
_  mayor. 

Ale,  n.  A  fermented  malt 
Mquor. 

A-lem'bi-e,  w.  Chem- 
ical vessel  used  in 
distilling. 

A-lert',  a.    On  the^ 
watch  ;  vigilant 
brisk  ;  prompt. 

A-lert 'ness,  n.  Watchful^ 
ness  ;  briskness  ;  activity. 

Ale'wife  (20), «.  A  kind  of 
fish  resembling  the  herring. 

Apge-bra,  n.  A  branch  of 
mathematics  that  investi- 
gates the  relations  of  num- 
ber.s  by  means  of  letters  an<^ 
other  symbols. 

APge-bra'i-e,      )  a.  Per- 

APge-bra'i-e-al,  j  taining  to, 
or  performed  by,  algebra. 

Al'ge-bra^ist,  n.  One  who  is 

_  skilled  in  algebra. 

A'li-as,  adv.  Otherwise. — 
n.  A  second  writ ;  an  as- 
sumed name,    [other  place. 

Al'i-bi,  n.     Elsewhere  ;  an- 

Al'ien  (al^yen),  a.  Foreign; 

_  adverse.  — n.    A  foreiguer. 

Al'ien-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  alienated. 


'Alembic. 


sOn,  or,  do,  W9lf,  to"o,  tc5bk;  tirn,  rije,  p\ill;  f,  ^,  sojl ;  -e,  g,  hard;      ;  e^ist;  q  as  ng;  this. 


ALIENATE 


22 


ALMIGHTY 


Ai'ien-ate,  v.  t.   To  transfer 

to  iiiiotlier  ;  to  estrange. 
APien-a'tion,  n.    Transfer  ; 

legal  conveyance  ;  ostrange- 
_  nieiit,  [alienates. 
Al'ien-a'tor,  n.     One  who 
APien-ee',  n.    One  to  whom 
the  title  of  property  is  trans- 
ferred. 

A-light'  (a-lTtO,  V.  i.  To  get 
down  ;  to  dismount ;  to  fall ; 
to  .descend  and  settle. 

A-lign'ment  (-lin'-),  n.  The 
adjusting  of  a  line  ;  the  line 
of  adjustment ;  ground-plan 
of  a  road. 

A-like',  adv.  In  the  same 
manner.  —  a.  Similar ;  with- 
out dilFerence. 

Al'i-ment,  n.  That  which 
nourishes.  —  Syn.     Food  ; 

^nourishment;  nutriment. 

API -ment'al,     )  a.  Pertain- 

APi-ment'a-ry,  )  ing  to,  or 
su|)pl\  ing,  food  ;  nutritious. 

Avi-ment'ive-ness,  n.  The 

_  organ  of  appetite  for  food. 

Ai'i-mo-ny,  n.  A  separate 
maintenance  allowed  a  wife 
out  of  her  husband's  estate, 
on  her  divorce  or  separation 

^  from  him, 

Al'i-quant,  a.   Not  dividing 

^  without  a  remainder. 

Al'i-quot,  a.  Dividing  with- 
out a  remainder. 

A-live',  a.  Having  life  ;  liv- 
ing ;  active  ;  lively  ;  suscep- 
tible,      [universal  solvent. 

Al'ka-hest,  n.    A  pretended 

Al'ka-les'gent,  a.  Tending 
to  become  alkaline. 

AFka-li,  or  Al'ka-li,  n.  {pi. 
Al'ka-lies, -liz  or -liz.)  A 
caustic    substance  which 

^  neutralizes  acids. 

Al'ka-Iine  (-ITn  or  -lln),  a. 
Having  the  qualities  of  al- 
kali.  [alkaline. 

Al'ka-lize,  v,  t.     To  make 

Al'ka-loid,  a.  A  vegetable 
principle  possessing  alkaline 
properties. 

All,  a.  Every  one  :  compris- 
ing the  whole  number.  — 
n.  The  whole  :  every  thing  ; 
tlie  total.  —  adv.  Wholly  ; 
completely  ;  entirely  ;  quite. 


Al-lay',  D.  t.  To  make  quiet ; 
to  put  at  rest  or  bring  down. 
—  S  YJV.  To  check  ;  appease ; 
calm  ;    pacify  ;    assuage  ; 

^  mitigate  ;  repress. 

Ai''le-ga'tion,  n.  Positive 
affirmation  or  assertion. 

Al-lege'  (al-lfg/),  V.  t.  To 
assert  positively  ;  to  declare  ; 
to  plead  in  excuse  ;  to  cite. 

Al-le^giange,  n.  The  duty 
of  fidelity  which  a  subject 
owes   to  his  government  ; 

^  loyalty  ;  fealty. 

AFle-g6r'i-e,     )  a.     In  the 

Al'le-gor'i-e-al,  j   manner  of 

^  allegory ;  figurative. 

APle-gor'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  In 

^  an  allegorical  manner. 

Al'le-go-rize,  v.  t.  To  form 
or  turn  into  allegory. -—--y. 

^  i.   To  use  allegory. 

Ai'le-go-ry,  n.  A  figurative 
sentence  or  discourse  ;  a 
parable. 

Al-le'gro,ac?^;.  Quick;  live- 
ly. —  n.  A  quick,  sprightly 

^  movement  in  music. 

APle-lu'ia(-ia/ya),  I  n.  Praise 

Aiae-lu'iah,  /  Jeho- 

vah ;  a  song  or  ascription  of 
praise  to  God. 

Al-Ie'vi-ate,  v.  t.  To  make 
light ;  to  ease  ;  to  lessen. 

Al-le^vi-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

^  alleviating  or  making  light. 

Al'ley  (19),  n.  A  narrow 
walk  or  passage,    [of  April, 

All-fobls'-day,  n.    The  first 

All-hail',  iriterj.  All  health  ; 
a  phrase  of  salutation. 

Al-li'ange,  n.  Union  by  treaty 
or  marriage  ;  confederacy  ; 

^  parties  allied. 

Al/li-ga'tion.  n. 

^  arithmetic. 

A'li-ga^tor,  n. 
A  large  am- 
phibious rep- 
tile;  the  Anier- 
ican  crocodile. 
Al-lit'er-a'tion 

n.  Repetition  of  the  same 
letter  at  the  beginning  of 
two  or  more  successive 
words. 

APlo-ca'tion,  n.  A  putting 
one  thing  to  another. 


A  rule  of 


Alligator. 


APlo-€u'tion,  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  addressing  ;  address. 

Al-lo'di-al,  a.  I'leo  of  rent 
or  service ;  freehold. 

Al-lo'di-um,  n.  Land  which 
is  the  absolute  property  of 
the  owner  ;  freehold  estate. 

Al-16t'  (7),  V.  t.  To  give  by 
lot ;  to  distribute. 

Al-16t'ment,  n.  Act  of  allot- 
iug ;  share  allotted. 

Al-low%  V.  t.  To  permit  ;  to 
grant ;  to  yield  ;  to  make 
abatement. 

Al-low'a-ble,  a.  Proper  to 
be  allowed  ;  permissible. 

Al-low'ange,  n.  Act  of  allow- 
ing ;  that  which  is  allowed ; 
permission  ;  abatement.  — 
r.  t.  To  limit  to  a  certain 
quantity  of  food  or  drink. 

Al-loy',  n.  A  compound  of 
tv/o  or  more  metals  ;  a  baser 
metal  mixed  with  a  fine.  — 
V.  t._  To  debase  by  mixing. 

All-saints'-day,  7i.  The  first 
day  of  November. 

All-souls'-day,  n.  The  sec- 
ond day  of  November. 

All'spige,  n.  The  berry  of  the 
pimento. 

Al-lude',  V.  i.  To  refer  to 
without  direct  mention.  — 
Syn.  To  hint ;  to  insinuate. 

Al-lure',  V.  t.  To  attempt  to 
draw  to.  —  Syn.  To  entice  ; 
decoy  ;  seduce. 

Al-lure'ment,  n.  That  which, 
allures  or  entices. 

Al-lur'ing  (11),  a.  Having 
power  to  allure  ;  enticing. 

Al-lu'§ion,   n.      Reference  ; 

properly,  indirect  reference. 
Al-lu'sive,  a.  Having  allu- 
sion. 

Al-lii'vi-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  composed  of,  alluvium. 

Al-lu'vi-on,  )  n.  (pi.  Al-lfi'- 

Al-lu'vi-iim,  j  vi-a.)  Earth 
deposited  by  water. 

Al-ly'  (19),  n.  One  united  to 
another  by  treat}'  or  by  any 
tie;  a  confederate. — v.  t. 
To  unite  by  compact. 

APma-na-e,  n.  A  book  or  ta- 
ble containing  a  calendar  of 
months,  weeks,  days,  &c. 

Al-might'y  {-mlt'-),  a.  All- 


&,e,i,  o,  u,  y,long;  a,e,  i,o,u,5',  short;  care, car, ask,  all,  whait ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p^que,  firm; 


ALMOND 


powerful;  omnipotetit.  —  I 
n.  The  omnipotent  God.  ! 
Al'mond  (ci/mund),  n.  The 
fruit  of  the  ahnond-tree,  a 
tree  much  resembling  the 
peach  ;  one  of  two  glands  in 
the  throat ;  tonsil. 
Al'mon-er,  n.    A  distributer 

of  alms  for  another. 
Al'mon-ry,  n.    Place  for  dis- 
tributing alms. 
Al-most'  (17),  adv.   Nearly  ; 
"  for  the  most  part. 
iUms  (amz),  n.  sing.  and???. 
Any  thing  given  to  relieve 
the  poor.  [of  charity. 

Alm§'-deed  (amz^-),  n.  Act 
Alms'-house,  n.    A  house 

for^the  use  of  the  poor. 
Al'oe  (al^o),  n.  {pL  Al'6e§.) 
A  tree  of  several  species; 
the  inspissated  juice  of  the 
tree,  used  as  a  drug. 
A-16ft',  adv.  On  high  ;  above. 
A-15ne',  a.  Single solitary. 

—  adv.  Separately. 
A-16ng',  adv.  Lengthwise; 
onward  ;  forward  ;  togeth- 
er.—A?/  along,  the  whole 
way  ;   throughout.  —  prep. 
By  the  length  of.  [side. 
A-16ng-sideS  adv.    Side  by 
A-lobf,  adv.    At  or  from  a 
distance ;  apart.  — prep.  At 
a  distance  from  ;  away  from. 
A-loud',  adv.  Loudly. 
Al-pa«'a(18),«.    The  Peru- 
vian sheep,  or  llama,  and  the 
cloth  made  of  its  wool. 
APpha,  a.  First  letter  of  the 
Greek  alphabet,  answering 
to  A  in  English  ;  the  begin- 
ning. 

APpha-bet,  n.    The  letters 
of  a  language  arranged  in 
order.  —  v.  t.  To  arrange  in 
the  order  of  an  alphabet. 
APpha-bet'i-e,     I  a.  Per- 
APpha-beVi€-al,  f  taining 
to,  or  in  the  order  of,  an 
alphabet. 
APpha-bet'i-eal-ly,  adv.  In 

alphabetic  order. 
APt)ine,  a.   Pertaining  to  the 
Alps,  or  to  any  lofty  moun- 
tain ;  very  high. 
Al-read'y,  adv.  At  or  before 
this  time ;  now. 


23 

APSO,  adv.  or  conj.     In  the 
■  same  manner  ;  likewise  ;  too. 
APtar,  n.  A  place  y^-^ 
■"for  offerings  to 
some  deity ;  com- 
munion table. 
Al'tar-piege,  n. 
"A    painting  or-* 
piece  of  sculpt  _ 
ure  over  or  be--J, 
hind  the  altar.  ^ 
Al'ter,  V.  t.  To 


Altar 

make  some  change  in. — v 
i.   To  change  ;  to  vary. 
Al'ter-ant,  a.    Producing  a 
gradual  change.  —  n.  An 
alterative. 
Aiaer-a'tion,  n.      Act  of 
"  altering ;  change. 
APter-a-tive,  a.  Causing 
alteration.—  n.    A  medicine 
that  gradually  produces  a 
change  in  the  habit  or  con- 
stitution, [in  words. 
APter-eate,  v.  i.  To  contend 
Aiaer-ea'tion,  n.  ^Varm 
contention  in  words  ;  con- 
troversy ;  wrangle ;  dispute. 
Al-ter'nate,   a.    Being  by 
turns. 

Al'ter-nate,  or  Al-ter'nate, 
v.t.  To  perform  by  turns.  — 
V.  I.    To  happen  or  to  act 
by  turns.  [turns. 
Al-ter'nate-ly,    adv.  By 
Al/ter-na'tion,  n.  Reciprocal 

succession. 
Al-ter'na-tive,  n.  Choice  of 
two  things. —a.  Offering 
a  choice  of  two  things. 
Al-the'a  (18),  n.    A_ shrub. 
Al-thouglP   (al-tho/),  conj. 
"  Grant ;  allow  or  admit  that ; 

notwithstanding. 
Al-tim'e-try,  n.      Art  of 

measuring  heights. 
Al'ti-tude,  n.   The  height  of 

an  object ;  elevation. 
AVto,  adv.  High.  — n.  The 

counter  tenor. 
Al/to-getii'er,  adv.  Wholly ; 
""without   exception;  con- 
^  jointly. 

Al'um,  n.    A  pecuUar  astrin- 
gent mineral  substance. 
A-lu'mi-na,  I  n.    One  of  the 
Al'u-mine,  )    earths.  When 
pure  it  is  called  sapphire. 


AMBER 

Al/u-mm'i-um,  \  n.  A  light, 
A-lu'mi-num,   )  >vhit« 
metiil,  the  metallic  base  of 
alumina. 
A-lu'mi-nous,  a.  Containing 

or  resembling  alum. 
A-lura'nus,  n.   (pi.  A-liim'- 

m.)  A  pupil;  agradu.ate. 
APve-o-late,  a.  Pitted  like  a 
honey-comb.  [belly. 
APvine,  a.  Belonging  to  tho 
APway  I  (17),  adv.  For- 
APway§  )  ever  ;  perpetually ; 

constantly. 
Am.  The  first  person  of  To  be. 
A-main',  adv.       With  all 

force;  suddenly. 
A-maPgam,  n.  A  compound 
of  quicksilver  with  another 
metal. 

A-maPgam-ate,  v.  t.  To 

combine  with  quicksilver. 
A-maPgam-a'tion,  n.  The 

act  of  amalgamating. 
A-man/u-6n'sis,  n.  {pi.  A- 
m^n/u-en'seg.)  A  writer  of 
what  another  dictates;  a 
copyist. 
Am'a-ranth,  n.     An  orna- 
mental plant  with  showy 
flowers ;      an  imaginary 
flower  that  never  fades. 
Am/a-ranth'ine,  a.  Like 

amaranth ;  unfading. 
A-mass',  v.  t.    To  collect 
into  a  heap  ;  to  accumulate. 
Am/a-teur'  (-tijrO,  n.  A  lover 

of  any  one  of  the  fine  arts. 
Am'a-tive-ness,  n.  Proi^en- 

sity  to  love. 
Am'a-to-ry,  a.   Relating  to, 

or  induced  by,  love. 
A-maze'  v.  t.  To  astonish  ; 
to  confound.  —  n.  A  mingled 
feeling  of  surprise  and  won- 
der; astonishment. 
A-maze'ment  (10),  n.  As- 
tonishment; confusion. 
A-maz'ing,  a.  Wonderful. 
Am'a-zon,    n.      A  warhko 

woman ;  a  virago. 
Am/a-z5'ni-an,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  resembling,  an  Ama- 
zon. \bassador. 
Am-bas'sa-dor,  n.   See  Em- 
Am'ber,  n.    A  yeUowish  fos- 
sil resin,  used  for  ornament- 
al purposes,  varnishes,  &e. 


s6n.  or,  do,  wglf,  to-Q,  tobk :  to,  rue,  pi;dl ;  9,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard ;  a£  ;  e^ist ; 


U  as  ng ; 


this. 


AMBERGEIS 

Am'ber-gris  ,  n.    A  fragrant 
waxy  secretion  of  the  sperm 
^  whale. 

Am'bi-dex'ter,  m.  One  who 
uses  both  hands  with  equal 
dexterity  ;  a  double-dealer. 

Ain/bi-dex-ter'i-ty,w.  Power 
of  using  both  hands  with 
equal  ease  ;  double-deahng. 

Am/bi-dex'trous,  a.  Using 
both  hands  with  equal  fa- 

_  cility. 

Am'bi-ent,  a.  Encompass- 

ing ;  surrounding. 
Am'bi-gu'i-ty,  n.  Doubtful- 
ness of  meaning. 
Am-big'u-oiis,  a.    Of  uncer- 

taiu    meaning;  doubtful; 

equivocal. 
Am-big'u-oiis-ly,  adv.  E- 

quivocally  ;  doubtfully. 
Am-bi'tion    (-bish/un),  n. 

An  eager  desire  of  fame  or 

power. 

Am-bi'tious  (-bish/us),  a. 
Controlled  by,  or  indicating, 
ambition;  desirous  of  su 
periority. 
Ain'ble,  v.  t.  To  move  with 
an  amble.  —  n.  A  peculiar 
gait  of  a  horse  in  which  the 
two  legs  on  the  same  side 


24 


AMPLIFICATION 


move  together. 
Am'bler,  n.    A  horse  which 

ambles  or  paces. 
Am-br5'§ia    (-bro^zha),  n. 
The  imaginary  food  of  the 
gods  :_a  genus  of  plants. 
Am-bro'§ial,  )  a.  Having- 
Am-br6'§ian,  j      the  quali- 
ties  of  ambrosia  ;  delicious. 
Am'bro-type,  n.    A  photo- 
graphic picture  taken  on  a 
plate  of  prepared  glass. 
Am'bu-lange,  n.    A  kind  of 
moving  hospital;  a  four- 
wheeled  vehicle  for  convey- 
ing the  wounded  from  a 
battle-field. 
Am^bu-la'tion,  n.    Act  of 

walking  about. 
Am'bu-la-to-ry,  a.  Able  to 
walk;  walking;  movable. — 
n.  A  place  for  walking. 
Am/bus-eade',  n.  A  con- 
cealed place  in  which  troops 
lie  hid  to  attack  an  enemy ; 
the  troops  themselves.  | 


Am'bush,  n.     The  act  o 
place    of    lying  in  wait, 
troops  posted  in  a  concealed 
place  to  attack  an  enemy; 
an  ambuscade. 
A-mel'io-rate,  t'.     To  make 
better.  — v.  i.  To  grow  bet- 
ter ;  to  meliorate. 
A-meFio-ra'tion,  n.   Act  of 
making  or  growing  better ; 
_  improvement  ;  melioration. 
A^meu',   So  be  it ;  %'erily ; 
truly.  —  n.  Truth ;  one  who 
is  true. 

A-me'na-ble,  a.    Liable  to 

give  account ;  responsible. 
A-mend',  v.  t.  To  change  in 
any  way  for  the  better,  —  v. 
i'  To  grow  better.  —  Syn. 
To  correct ;  reform  ;  rectify  ; 
improve. 
A-mend'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  amended. 
A-mende'  (a-mongdO,  ^• 
A  pecuniary  fine;  repara- 
tion ;  retraction. 
A-mend'ment,  n.  A  change 
for  the  better;  improve- 
ment. 

A-mends',  n.  sing,  and  pi.  I 
Compensation ;  recompense  ' 
satisfaction. 
A-men'i-ty,  n.  Pleasantness; 

agreeableness  of  situation. 
A-merge',  v.  t.   To  punish 

with  a  fine. 
A-merge'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  amerced ;  liable  to 
a  fine. 

A-merge'ment,    n.  Arbi- 
trary fine. 
A-mer'ger,   n.      One  who 

amerces,  or  imposes  a  fine. 
A-mgr'i-ean-ism,     A  word, 

phrase,  or  idiom  pecuUar  to 

America. 
A-mer'i-ean-ize,  v.  t.  To 

render  American. 
Am-e-thyst,  n.    A  precious 

stone  of  a  violet-blue  color. 
Am/e-thyst'me,  a.  Pertain- 

ing  to,  or  like,  amethyst. 
A/mi-a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Amiable- 

ness. 

A'mi-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
love  ;  lovely  ;  lovable.  I 

A'mi-a-ble-ness,  n.  Quality 
of  being  amiable. 


A'mi-a-bly,  adv.      In  au 

amiable  manner. 
Am/i-an'thus,  n.  An  incom- 
bustible    fibrous  mineral 
^  substance ;  earth-flax. 
Am'i-ea-ble,  a.  Friendly; 

peaceable  ;  harmonious. 
A-mid',    )   prep.     In  the 
A-midst', )      midst  or  mid- 
dle of;  among. 
A-miss',  a.  Wrong  ;  improp- 
er.—  adv.  Improperly. 
Am'i-ty,  n.  Friendship  ;  har- 
mony ;  agreement ;  good- 
will. 

Am-mo'ni-a,  n.  A  volatile 
alkali. 

Am-mo'ni-a-e,  n.  A  peculiar 
concrete  juice  used  in  med- 
icine. 

Am-mo'ni-a-c,  )  a.  Per- 
Am'mo-ni'a-e-al,  /  taining 
^  to  ammonia. 

Am/mu-ni'tion  (-nish/un), 
n.    Military  stores,  as  pow- 
^  der,  balls,  bombs,  &c. 
Am'nes-ty,  w.  Auactofgen- 
I     eral  pardon. 

I  A-mong',  )  prep.  Mingled  or 
I  A-mongst',  j  associated  with. 
Am'o-rous,  a.  Pertaining  to 
love;  inclined  to  love;  en- 
amored ;  passionate. 
A-mor'phous,  a.  Having  no 

determinate  form. 
A-mount',  v.  i.    To  come  in 
the  aggregate  ;  to  be  equiva- 
lent. —  n.    The  sum  total ; 
aggregate. 
A-mpur',  n.  A  love  intrigue  ; 

an  affair  of  gallantry. 
Am-phib'i-an,n.  An  animal 
that  lives  on  land  or  in 
water. 

Am-phib'i-ous,  a.  Living  in 

two  different  elements. 
Am'phi-b61'o-gy,  n.  Dis- 
course  or  proposition  of 
doubtful  meaning. 
Am/phi-the'a-ter, )  n.  An 
Am/phi-the'a-tre,  j  edifice 
of  a  circular  or  oval  form, 
^  used  for  pubhc  sports. 
Am/phi-the-at'ri-c-al,  a.  Per- 
taining  to  an  amphitheater. 
Am'ple,  a.  Large  ;  extended  ; 

liberal ;  diffusive  ;  wide. 
Am/pli-fi-<;a'tion,  n.  En- 


a,  e,  I,  o,  ii, y, long ;  S,  e,  i,  6, «,  5^,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


AMPLIFIER 


25 


ANGER 


largemeut;  diffuse  descnp- I 
tion.  [amplitie.s. 
Am'pli-fi'er,  n.     One  who 
Am'pli-fy,  V.  t.    To  enlarge  ; 
to  treat  copiously.  —  t-.  i. 
To  become  large  ;  to  dilate. 
Am'pli-tude,  n.  Largeness; 

extent;  capacity.  [era  ly. 
Am'p\Y,  ndv.  Largely;  hb- 
Am'pu-tate,  v.  t.  To  cut  off, 

as  a  limb. 
Am/pu-ta'tion,  n.    Act  ot 

cutting  off  a  limb. 
Am'u-let,   n.  Somethmg 
worn  to  prevent  evil ;  a 
charm.  , 
A-mii§e',  V.  t.    To  entertain 
agreeably  ;    to    delude.  — 
Syn.   To  divert ;  entertain. 
A-mu£e'ment,«.  That  which 
amuses.  [amusement. 
A-mus'ing,    o.  Affording 
A-mu'sive,  a.  Having  power 

to  amuse. 
A-myg'da-late,  a.  Pertain 
*     ing  to ,  or  made  of,  almonds. 
A-myg'da-line,  a.  Pertain 

ing  to,  or  like,  almonds. 
Am/y-la'ceous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  starch. 
An.    One;  any; —the  same 

as  a,  the  indefinite  article. 
An/a-b&p'tist,  n.    One  \yho 
holds  that  infant  baptism 
is  not  valid. 
A-na€li'ro-m§m  (-nSk/-),  n. 

An  error  in  chronology. 
An/a-€6n'da(18),n.  A  large 

serpent  of  the  Boa  family. 
A-na€'re-6n'ti€,  a.  Pertjiin- 
ing  to  Anacreon,  a  Greek 
poet ;  amatory  ;  convivial. 
An'a-gram,  n.  Transposition 
of  the  letters  of  a  name  or 
word.  [ing  to  analogy. 

Aii/a-16*'i€-al,  a.  Accord- 
A-naPo-gize,  v.  t.    To  ex- 
plain by  analogy. 
A-naVo-gous,  a.  Having 

analogy  or  resemblance. 
A-naPo-gy,  n.  Agreement 
between  things  which  are  in 
most  respects  entirely  un 
like;  proportion. 
A-naPy-sis,  n  .  (  pi.  A-naPy- 
ses.)  Resolution  of  any 
thfng  into  its  constituent 
elements. 


An'a-lj^-st,  n.    One  who  ana-  | 

lyzes.  ^   ^  . 

An/a-l^^t'i€,     la-  Pertain- 
An'a-li't^i^-al,  )   ing  to  anal- 
ysis ;    resolving    into  ele- 
ments. . 
An/a-lyt'i€S,  n.  sing.  The 

science  of  analysis. 
An'a-lyze,  v.  t.    To  resolve 
into  first  principles  or  ele- 
ments. 

An'a-lyz^er,  n.     One  who 

analyzes.  . 
An'a-pest,  n.     A  metrical 
foot  of  one  long  and  two 
short,  or  one  accented  and 
two  unaccented,  syllables. 
An'a-pest'i€,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  anapest. 
A-nar€h'i€,     \  «•  ."Being 
A-nar€h'i€-al,  j  without 
government;  lawless;  dis- 
orderly. 
An'ar€h-y,  n.  Want  of  gov- 
ernment ;  lawlessness. 
A-nath'e-ma  (18),   n.  An 
ecclesiastical  curse  and  ex- 
communication. 
A-nath'e-ma-tize,  v.  t.  To 
pronounce    an  anathema 
against. 
An'a-tbm'ic-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  anatomy  or  dissec- 
tion, [in  anatomy. 
A-nat'o-mist,  n.  One  skilled 
A-nat'o-my,  n.    Art  of  dis- 
section ;     doctrine  of  the 
structure  of  the  body  learn- 
ed by  dissection  ;  thing  dis- 

An'bu-ry,  n.  Soft  tumor  on 
horses  and  cows;  excres- 
cence on  the  roots  of  tur- 
nips, &c. 
An'Qes-tor,  n.  One  from 
whom  a  person  descends; 
progenitor ;  forefather. 
An-Qes'tral,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  descending  from,  an- 
cestors. 

An'ces-try,  n.    Series  of  an- 
cestors ;  lineage  ;  honorable 
descent. 
Ancli'or,  n.  An 
i'ron  instrument 
for   holding  a 
ship  at  rest. —  _ 
V.  t.     To  place  Anchor. 


at  anchor.  —  v.  i.   To  oast 
anchor. 

An€h'or-age,  n.   Ground  for 

anchoring. 
An€h'o-ress,  n.    A  female 

auchoret 
An€h'o-r6t,  )  n.  A  religious 
An€h'o-rite, )     solitary  ;  a 

hermit;  a  recluse. 
An-ch5'vy,  n.    A  small  sea- 
fish  used  in  seasoning. 
An'cient  (an/shent),  a.  Of 
former  times  ;  not  modern  ; 
old.  [times. 
An'cient-ly,  adv.     In  old 
An'cients  (an'slients),  n.  pi. 
Men  of  former  times  ;  old 
men.  , 
An'cil-la-ry,  a.  Subservient 
or  subordinate,  like  a  hand- 
maid. 

And,  conj.  A  particle  ex* 
pressing  the  relation  of  ad- 
dition, and  serving  to  con- 
nect words  or  sentences. 
An-d^n'te,  a.  [Mas.)  Rather 
slow ;  moderate.  —  n.  A 
movement  or  piece  in  andan- 
te time. 

And'I-ron(-i-um),n.  A  uten- 
sil for  supporting  wood  in  a 
fireplace. 
An-dr6g'y-nal,    \a.  Hav- 
An-drog'y-nous,  I    mg  the 
characteristics  of  both  sexes. 
An'e€-d6te,  n.  A  short  story 

or  incident. 
An'e-c-dot'ic-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  anecdotes.  [flower. 
A-ncm'o-ne,  n.    The  wind- 
An'eu-rigm,  n.    A  soft  pul- 
sating tumor  formed  by  a 
morbid  enlargement  of  an 
artery.  ,  , 

A-new',  adv.  Afresh  ;  newly  ; 

over  again. 
An'gel,  n.    A  divine  mes- 
senger ;  a  ministering  spirit ; 
a  beautiful  person. 
An-gePi€,      l«-  Belonging 
An-gePi€-al,  )  to,  or  resem- 
bling, angels. 
An/gel-6Po-gy,  M.    The  doc- 
trine respecting  angels. 
An'ger,  n.    A  strong  passion 
excited  by  injury  ;  resent- 
ment ;  rage  ;  wrath,  —  v.  t. 
To  make  angry  ;  to  provoke. 


ANGLE 

An'gle,  n.  A 

point  where  CTs. 
two  linos 

meet  ;  a  cor-  E  

ricr  ;  did'er- 

ence  of  di-  CAE,  ri^lit  jin- 
rection  of  f^^^l^  aird?- 
two  lines  or  baE,  obtuse 
planes  ;  fish-  angle, 
ing  tackle. —^^  i.  To  fish 
with  a  line  and  hook. 

An'gler,  n.    One  who  angles 
or  fishes. 

An'gli-ean,  a.  English. 

An'gli-Qigm,  n.  An  English 
idiom.  [into  English. 

An'gli-gize,  v.  t.   To  render 

An'gling,  n.    Act  of  fishing 

^  with  a  line  and  hook. 

An'gri-ly  (13),  adv.  With 
anger. 

An'gry,  a.  Moved  with  an- 
^  ger ;  exasperated  ;  provoked. 
An'guish,  n.  Excessive  pain. 
An'gu-lar,  a.  Ilaving  an- 
.  gles. 

An^gu-lar'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
^  of  being  angular. 

An'gu-la/ted,  a.  Formed 
with  angles.  [imbecile. 

An'ile,  a.    Old  womanish  ; 

A-nil'i-ty,  n.  Old  age  of  a 
Avoman ;  dotage. 

An/i-mad-ver'sion,  n.  Re- 
marks by  way  of  criticism  or 
reproof.  —  Syn.  Strictures  ; 

^  comment ;  blame. 

An^i-mad-vert',  v.  i.  To  turn 
the  mind  ;  to  remark  by  way 

_  of  criticism. 

An^i-mal,-  n.  An  organized 
living  being,  endowed  with 
sensation  and  voluntary 
motion  ;  an  irrational  being. 
a.  —  Pertaining  to  animals. 

An/i-mal'-eu-lar,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  resembling,  animal- 

^  cules. 

Aryi-mal'<;ule  (18),  w.  An  in- 
visible or  very  minute  ani- 

^nial.  [malcular. 

An/i-mal'-cu-lme,  a.  Ani- 

An/i-maF-eu-lum,  n.  {pi. 
An/i-mal'-eu-la.)   An  aui- 

^  malcule. 

An'i-mai-igm,  n.  Animal 
nature  ;  brutishness  ;  sen- 
suality. 


2G 

C   B/    An/i-mai'i-ty,  n.  Animal 

existence  or  nature. 
An'i-mal-ize,  v.  t.    To  give 
^  animaj.  life  to. 
An'i-mate,  v.  t.    To  give  life 

to  ;  to  quicken  ;  to  enliven. 
An'i-mate,  a.  Possessing 
anima]  hfe.  [or  spirit. 

An'i-mat^ed,  a.    Full  of  life 
An/i-ma'tion,  n.    Quality  of 
being  animated ;  life  ;  spir- 
it ;  vigor.  [gives  Hfe. 

An^i-ma^tor,  n.     One  who 
An^i-mos'i-ty,  n.  Extreme 
hatred ;  malevolence  :  malio-- 
^  nity. 

An'ise,  n.  An  aromatic  plant. 
An'kle  (jlnk/1),  n.  The  joint 
between  the  foot  and  the 
v^^S-  ,  ^  [annals. 
An'nal-ist,  n.    A  writer  of 
An'nais,  n.  pi.  A  chronolog- 
^  ical  history  ;  chronicles. 
An'nats,  n.  pi.    First  fruits 
or  profits  of  a  spiritual  pre- 
ferment. 
An-neaP,  v.  t.  To  temper,  as 
glass  or  metals,    by  first 
heating  and  then  cooling. 
An-nex',  v.  t.  To  join  at  the 
^  end  ;  to  subjoin  ;  to  add. 
An/nex-a'tion,  n.  Conjunc- 
tion :  addition ;  union. 
An-nPhi-Iate,  v.  t.    To  re- 
duce to  nothing ;  to  destroy 
the  specific  form  of  a  thing. 
APx-nPhi-la'tion,  n.    Act  of 
annihilating,  or  reducing  to 
nothing. 
An^ni-ver'sa-ry,  a.  Return- 
ing with  the  year  ;  annual  ; 
yearly.  —  n.     A  day  cele- 
brated as  it  returns  each 
^  year.     [comments  or  notes 
An'no-tate,  v.  i.    To  make 
An/no-taaion,  n.    An  ex- 
^  planatory  note. 
An'no-ta^tor,  n.  A  writer  of 

notes  ;  a  commentator. 
An-not'to,  n.  A  kind  of  red- 
dish dyeing  material. 
An-nounge',  v.  t.    To  give 
notice  of;  to  proclaim;  to 
publish. 
An-nounge'ment,  n.  A  dec- 
laration or  advertisement  ; 
publication. 
An-noy',  v.   t.    To  incomx- 


ANSWER 


mode  ;  to  vex ;  to  molest ;  to 
^  pester.  [annoys. 
An-noy'ange,  n.  That  which 
An'nu-al  (jln^u-al),  a.  Com- 
ing yearly.  — n.  A  plant 
whose  root  dies  yearly  ;  a 
^  yearly  publication.  [year. 
An'nu-al-ly,  adv.  Year  by 
An-nu'i-tant,  n.    A  person 

who  has  an  annuity. 
An-nu'i-ty,  n.    A  yearly  al- 
lowance of  money. 
An-nul'  (7),  v.  t.    To  make 
void  ;  ^to  abrogate  ;  to  abol- 
^  ish  ;  to  nullify. 
An'nu-Iar      )   (Sn/u-),  a. 
An'nu-la-ry  j     Ilaving  the 
^  form  of  a  ring  :  round. 
An'nu-let,  n.    A  little  rinsr. 
An-niii'ment,  n.   Act  of  an- 
^  nulling. 

An'nu-lose^  a.  Furnished 
with,  or  composed  of,  rings. 
An-nun'ci-ate  (-shi/at),  v.  t. 

To  announce. 
An-nun/ci-a'tion     (-shi-a/-  * 

shun),  71.    Act  of  announ- 
^  cing  ;  thing  announced. 
An'o-dyne,  n.    Medicine  to 
assuage  pain.  —  o.  Mitigat- 
ing pain. 
A-noint',  v.  t.    To  rub,  as 
with  oil ;  to  consecrate  by 
the  use  of  oil. 
A-noint'ed,  n.  The  Messiah. 
A-noint'ment,  n.    Act  of 

anointing. 
A-nom'a-lism,  n.    A  devia- 
tion from  rule  ;  anomaly. 
A-nom/a-lis'ti€,  a.  Irregular. 
A-nom'a-lous,  a.  Deviating 
from  rule  or  analogy  ;  irre"-- 
ularity.  ^ 
A-nom'a-ly,  n.    That  which 
deviates  from  rule  ;  irregu- 
lar. 

A-non',  adv.  Soon  ;  quickly. 
A-non'y-moiis,  a.  Wanting 

a  name  ;  nameless. 
An-6th'er,  a.    Some  other  : 
^  one  more  ;  any  other. 
An'ser-me,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
^  or  resembling,  a  goose. 
An'swer  (an/ser),  v.  t.  To 
speak  in  reply  to  ;  to  refute ; 
to  face  ;  to  suit ;  to  atone 
for.  —  V.  i.  To  reply  ;  to  ac- 
count ;  to  suit.  —  n.    A  re- 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  Ions i  2,  e,  l,  6,  u,     short ;  cire,  car,  a^k,  aU,  wh^t ;  Gre,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  j 


ANSWERABLE 

ply  ;  something  done  in  con- 
sequence of  something  else ; 
a  solution. 

An'swer-a-ble  (itn/scr-a-bl), 
a.  Capable  of  being  an- 
swered ;  liable  to  answer  ; 
accountable  ;  suitable. 

An'swer-er  (jtn/ser-er),  n. 
One  who  answers,  [pismire. 

Ant,  n.    A  small  insect  ;  a 

An-tag'o-iii§in,  n.  Opposi- 
tion of  action  ;  contest. 

An-tag'o-nist,  n.  An  oppo- 
nent ;  a  competitor  ;  a  con- 
tender.—a.  Counteracting; 
opposing.  thig. 

An-tag/o-nist'l€,  a.  Oppos- 

An-tag'o-nize,  v.  i.  To  act  in 
opposition  ;  to  strive  against. 

An-tai'gi-C,  a.  Alleviating 
pain.  —  n.  Medicine  to  re- 
lieve pain. 

Ant-ar€'ti-e,  a.  Opposite  to 
the  arctic  zone  ;  relating  to 
the  southern  polar  region. 

AnVar-thrit'i€,  a.  Counter- 
acting the  gout. 

An'te,  in  compound  words, 
signifies  before. 

Ant'-eat'er,  n.  A  tropical 
animal  that  lives  on  ants. 

An^te-Qed'enQe,  n.  Act  of 
preceding  in  time. 

Anae-Qed'ent,  n.  That  which 
goes  before.  —  a.  Going  be- 
fore in  time.  —  Syn.  Prior  ; 
preceding  ;  previous  ;  an- 
terior ;  foregoing. 

An^te-ges'sor,  w.  One  who 
goes  before  ;  predecessor. 

An'te-cham'ber,  n.  A  room 
leading  into  the  chief  apart- 
ment. 

An'te-date,  v.t.  To  date  be- 
fore the  true  time ;  to  antici- 
pate. —  n.  A  prior  date  ; 
an  tici])ation. 

An/te-di-lu'vi-al,  \a.  Being 

AiVte-di-lu'vi-an,  )  before 
the  Hood  in  Noah's  days. 

Anae-di-lu'vi-an,  n.  One 
who  lived  be- 

^  fore  the  flood. 

An'te-lope,  n.  A 
genus  of  ani- 
mals, between 
the  goat  and 
the  deer. 


Antelope. 


27 

AiVte-mc-rid'i-an,  a.  Being 

before  noon._ 
An/te-mun'dane,  a.  Being 

before  the  creation. 
An-ten'na,  n.  {pi.  An-ten'- 

nae.)  One  of  the  feelers  of  an 

insect, 

An/te-nup'tial  (-nQp^shal). 
a.    Being  before  marriage. 

An'te-pas'-ehal,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  time  before  East- 
er, [ticipation. 

Anae-past,  n.  Foretaste  ;  an- 

An/te-pe-nult',  n.    The  last 

^  syllable  of  a  word  but  two. 

AnHe-pe-niilt'i-mate,  a.  Re- 
lating to  the  last  syllable 
but  two. 

An-te'ri-or,  a.  Before  in 
time  or  place  ;  previous. 

An-te'ri-6r'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  anterior,  or  before  in 
time  or  place. 

An'te-room,  n,.  A  room  lead- 
ing to  the  principal  apart- 
ment. 

An'them,  n.  Church  music 
adapted  to  passages  from  the 
Scriptures. 

An'ther,  n.  Tip  of  the  sta- 
men, containing  the  pollen. 

An/tho-16g'i€-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  anthology. 

An-thol'o-gy,  n.  A  collec- 
tion of  flowers  or  of  poems. 

An'tho-ny*§-fIre  (an/to-),  n. 
The  erysipelas. 

An'thra-Qite,  n.  A  hard 
kind  of  mineral  coal. 

AiVthra-Qit'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  anthracite. 

An'thro-pol'o-gy,  n.  Nat- 
ural history  of  man  ;  science 
of  man  considered  in  his  en- 
^  tire  nature. 

An/thro-po-mor'phism,  n. 

Representation  of  God  under 

a  human  form. 
An'thro-poph'a-gy,  n.  The 

feeding  on  human  flesh  ; 

cannibalism. 
An'ti.    A  Greek  preposition 

signifying  against,  opposite , 

contrary,  or  in  place  of;  — 

used  in  composition. 
An'ti€,  a.    Odd  ;  fimciful  ; 

fantastic  — n.    A  buffoon, 

or  merry-andrew. 


ANTIPODAL 

An'ti-ehrist,  n.    A  great  ad- 
versary of  Christ. 
An'ti-€hris'tian  (-krist/yan), 

.    Oi>p<)sing  Christianity. 
An-tiQ'i-pate,  v.  t.    To  take 

or  do  before  ;  to  foretaste. 
An-tiQ'i-pa'tion,  n.   Act  of 

anticipating ;  foretaste. 
An-tiQ'i-pa'tor,n.    One  who 

anticipates. 
An'ti-elPmax,  n.  A  sentence 
in  which  the  ideas  become 
less  striking  at  the  close. 
An'ti-do/tal,     ( a.  Effica- 
An'ti-do'ta-ry, )  cious 
Mgainst  poison  [poison. 
An'ti-dcte,  n.    A  remedy  for 
Anai-feb'rile  {or  -i"G/bril),  a. 

(lood  against  fever. 
Anai-ma'son  (-sn),  n.  One 
^  opposed  to  freemasonry. 
Anai-mo-nar€h'i€-al,a.  Op- 
posed to  motiarchy. 
An'ti-mo'ni-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  composed  of,  antimo- 
ny.—  n.    A  preparation  of 
antimony. 
An'ti-mo-ny,  n.     A  brittle 
white  metal,  and  an  ore  of 
the  same. 
An'ti-no'mi-an,  n.  One  who 
holds  good  works  to  be  not 
nece.^^sary  to  salvation.  —  a. 
Pertaining  to  the  Antino- 
mians. 

An'ti-no'ini-an-ism,  n.  Ten- 
ets of  the  Antinomiuns. 

An'ti-no-my,  or  An-tin'o- 
my,  n.  Contradiction  be- 
tween two  laws,   [the  Pope. 

An'ti-pa'pal,  a.  Opposing 

An'ti-par'a-lyt'l-c,  a.  Good 
against  paralysis. 

Anai-pa-thet'i€,  a.  Having 
antipathy.  [dishke. 

An-tip'a  thy,  n.  Aversion  or 

An-tiph'o-nal,  w.  Book  of 
antiphons.— a.  Relalingto, 
or  consisting  of,  alternate 
singing. 

An'ti-phon,    In.  Alternate 

An-tiph'o-ny,  j  or  respon- 
sive singing. 

An-tiph'ra-sis,  n.  Use  of 
words  in  a  sense  opposite  to 
the  true  one, 

An-tip'o-dal,  a.  Pertainmg 
to  the  antipodes. 


eon,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  tQ-Q,  took;  to,  rue,  pi^ll;  f,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  a£  ;  exist;  q  as  ng 


this. 


ANTIPODE 


28 


APPEAL 


An'ti-pode,  n.  (pi.  An-tip'o- 
deg.;  One  living  on  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  globe. 

An''ti-qua'ri-an,  a.  Relating 
to  antiquity.  —  n.  Anti- 
quary, [in  antiquities. 

An'ti-qua-ry,  n.  One  versed 

An'ti-quat'ed,  i?.  a.  Grown 
old  ;  obsolete. 

An-tique',rt.  Ancient;  old. — 
n.  A  remnant  of  antiquity. 

An-tiq'ui-ty,  n.  Old  times  ; 
a  relic  of  old  times. 

An/ti-S€or-bu'ti€,     [  a. 

An''ti-S€or-bu'ti€-al,  j  Good 

_  against  the  scurvy. 

An/ti-s-cripfur-al,  a.  Not 

^  according  to  the  Scriptures. 

An''ti-sep'ti€,  a.  Counteract- 

^  ing  putrefaction. 

An''tl-slav'er-y,  n.  Opposi- 
tion to  slavery. 

An-tith'e-sis,  n.  (pi.  An- 
tith'e-se§.)  Opposition  of 
words  or  sentiments. 

An^ti-thgt'l-e,      )  a.  Per- 

An''ti-th8t'i€-al,  )  taining 

^  to,  or  containing,  antithesis. 

An'ti-type,  n.    That  which 

^  is  prefigured  by  the  type. 

Anai-typ'i€-al,  a.  Relating 
to  an  antitype.  [horn. 

Ant'ler,  n.  Branch  of  a  stag's 

An'vil,  n.  An  iron  block  for 
hammering  metals  on. 

Anx-i'e-ty  (ang-zT/e-ty),  n. 
Trouble  of  mind  ;  solicitude  ; 
concern ;  disquietude. 

Anx'ious     (ank/shus),  a. 

^  Gi'eatly  solicitous. 

Anx'ious-ly  (itok^shus-), 
adv.  With  solicitude, 

A'ny  (en''y),  a.  One,  indefin- 
itely ;  every  ;  whoever. 

A-6r'ta,  n.  The  great  artery. 

A-page', a(iy.  Quickly;  hasti- 
ly ;  fast ;  with  speed. 

A-part',  adv.  Separately  ; 
aside  ;  asunder ;  to  pieces. 

A-part'ment,  n.  A  room. 

Ap'a-thet'i-e,  a.  Insensible. 

Ap'a-thy,  n.  ^^^^^ 

Ape,  n.    A  'kind  ^^^^^y 
of  tailless  monk-  ^^^1^^ 
ey ;  a  mimic  or 
imitator.  —  v.  t.  -^P®* 


To  imitate  as  an  ape ;  to 
mimic. 

A-pe'ri-ent,  a.  Gently  purga- 
tive ;  laxative.  —  n.  A  lax- 
ative, [a  hole. 

Ap'er-ture,  n.  _An  opening  ; 

A'pex,  n.  {pi.  A'pex-e§,  or 
Ap'i-Qe§.)  The  tip,  point, 
or  summit  of  a  thing  ;  top. 

A-pheFion_  (a-feFyun),  n. 
{pL  A-phe'li-a.)  The  point 
of  a  planet's  orbit  most  dis- 
tant from  the  sun. 

Aph'o-rism,  n.  A  precept 
or  principle  expressed  in  a 
few  wonSfe*  —  Syn.  Axiom  ; 

^  maxim  I  adage  ;  apothegm. 

Aph^o-riSt'l^,      )  a.  Having 

^h/o-rist'i-c-al,  j    the  form 

^f  an  aphorism. 

^pi-a-ry,  n.  A  place  for  bees. 

A-piege',  adv.   To  each  one's 

_  share  ;  each  by  itself. 

Ap'ish,  a.    Like  an  ape. 

A-p6€'a-lypse,  n.  The  book 
of  Revelation. 

A-p6-e^a-lyp'ti€,      )  a.  Re- 

A-p6€'a-lyp'ti€-al, )  lating 
to  the  Apocalypse  ;  contain- 
ing revelation  ;  mysterious. 

A-p6€'o-pe,  n.  Omission  of 
the  last  letter  or  syllable 
of  a  word. 

A-p6-e'ry-pha,  n.  Books  of 
doubtful  authenticity,  ap- 
pended to  the  Old  Testament. 

A-p6€'ry-plial,  a.  Not  au- 
thentic ;  doubtful. 

Ap'o-gee,  n.  The  point  in 
the  moon's  orbit  most  dis- 
tant from  the  earth. 

A-p6Po-get'i€,     )  a.  Said 

A-p6Vo-get'i€-al,  j  by  way 
of  defense  or  excuse. 

A-p6Fo-gist,  n.  One  who 
makes  an  apology,  [excuse. 

A-p61'o-gize,  V.  i.    To  make 

Ap'o-16gue  ( -log),  n.  A  moral 
fable.  [an  excuse. 

A-p61'o-gy,  n.     A  defense  ; 

Ap'oph-thegm  (ap^o-thgrn). 

^  See  Apothegm.  [apoplexy. 

Ap^o-piee'ti-e,  a.  Relating  to 

Ap'o-plex^y,  n.  A  disease 
characterized  by  sudden  loss 
of  sense  and  motion. 

A-p6s'ta-sy,  n.  A  departure 
from  professed  principles. 


A-p6s'tate,  n.  One  who  for- 
sakes his  principles  or  relig- 
ion. —  a.  Falling  from  faith. 

A-p6s'ta-tize,  v.  i.  To  aban- 
don one's  faith  or  party. 

A-p6s'tle  (a-pos^sl),  n.  A 
messenger  sent  on  important 
business  ;  one  of  the  12  dis- 
ciples sent  forth  by  Christ  to 
preach  the  gospel. 

Ap^os-toPi-e,     \  a.  Relating 

Ap^os-tdl'i-e-al,  j  to  an  apos- 
tle ;  taught  by  the  apostles. 

A-p6s'tro-phe,  n.  A  turning 
from  real  auditors  to  an  im- 
agined one  ;  contraction  of  a 
word,  or  the  mark  [  '  ]  used 
tp  denote  such  contraction. 

A-p6s'tro-phize,  v.  t.  To 
address. 

A-p6th'e-€a-ry,  n.  A  com- 
pounder of  medicines. 

Ap'o-thegm     \  (ap^o- 

Ap'oph-thegm  j    th6m),  n. 

A  remarkable  saying  ;  a 
^  maximj  aphorism. 

Ap''o-the'o-sis,  n.  Act  of 
placing  among  the  gods ; 

^  deification.  [deify. 

Ap/o-the'o-size,  v.  t.  To 

Ap-palP,  V.  t.  To  smite  with 
terror.  —  Syn.  To  dismay  ; 
daunt ;  terrify  ;  intimidate. 

Ap'pa-nage,  n.  Portion  of 
land  assigned  by  a  prince 
to  support  a  younger jon. 

Ap^pa-ra'tus,  n.  (pL  Ap'pa- 
ra'tus  or  Ap^pa-ra'tus-es.) 
Collection  of  implements  or 
organs;  furniture;  utensils. 

Ap-par'el,  n.  Clothing ; 
dress  ;  equipment.  — v.  t. 
To  dress  ;  to  clothe. 

Ap-par'ent,  a.  Visible  to  the 
eye  ;  seeming.  —  SYN.  Ob- 
vious ;  clear ;  evident. 

Ap-par'ent-ly,a(/r.  Plainly; 

^  clearly  ;  in  appearance. 

Ap''pa-ri'tion  (-rTsh/un),  n. 
Appearance ;  thing  appear, 
ing  ;  ghost ;  specter. 

Ap-par'i-tor,  n.  A  messen- 
ger of  a  spiritual  court. 

Ap-peal',  n.  Removal  of  a 
cause  to  a  higher  court ;  ref- 
erence to  another  as  wit- 
ness ;  recourse. — v.  t.  To 
remove  to  a  higher  court.  — 


a,  e,  1,  0,  XLj  y,  long  ;  a,    i,  o,  tt. 


short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm j 


APPEAR 

V.  7.    To  remove  a  cause  to 
a  higher  tribunal ;  to  refer 
to  another  for  decision. 
Ap-pear',  v.i.    To  be  or  be- 
come visible  ;  to  seem. 
Ap-pear'ange,  n.    A  coming 
in  sight ;  things  seen  ;  sem- 
blance ;  mien  ;  a  coming  into 
court.  [pacify. 
Ap-pease',  v.  t.  To  quiet ;  to 
Ap-p61'lant,   n.    One  who 
appeals.  [appeals. 
Ap-pel'late,  a.   Relating  to 
Ap^pel-la'tion,  n.    A  name 
by  which  a  thing  is  called. 
Ap-peFla-tive,  a.  Relating  to 
a  common  or  general  name. 
—  n.    A  common,  as  distin- 
guished from  a  proper,  name. 
Ap^pel-lee',  n.  The  defendant 

in  an  appeal. 
Ap^pel-lor',  n.  One  who  pros- 
ecutes another  for  a  crime. 
Ap-p6nd',  V.  t.    To  hang  or 
attach  to  ;  to  add  ;  to  annex. 
Ap-p6nd'age,  n.    An  addi- 
tion ;  adjunct ;  concomitant. 
Ap-p6nd'ant,   a.  Hanging 
to ;  annexed ;  appended  by 
prescription.  —  n.  Some- 
thing incidental  or  subordi- 
nate belonging  to  a  thing. 
Ap-pen'dix,  n.  [pi.  Ap-pe_n'- 
dix-e§,  or  Ap-pen'di-ges.) 
Something  annexed  ;  liter- 
ary matter  added  to  a  book, 
Ap/per-tain',  v.  i.    To  be- 
long ;  to  relate. 
Ap'pe-tenge.  )  n.  Strong 
Ap'pe-ten-gy,  )    natural  de- 
vsire.  [of  food  or  drink 

Ap'pe-tite,  n.  Desire,  e?p. 
Ap'pe-tize,  V.  t.    To  whet 

the  appetite. 
Ap-plaud',  y.     To  praise  by 

clapping  of  hands,  &c. 
Ap-plau§e',  n.  Approbation 
loudly   expressed ;  public 
pniisc ;  acclamation. 
Ap'ple,  n.    A  tree  and  its 

fmit ;  pupil  of  the  eye. 
Ap-pli'ange,  n.    Act  of  ap- 
plying ;  thing  applied. 
Ap/pli-ea-bil'i-ty  ,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  applicable. 
Ap'pli-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  applied.  [plies. 
Ap'pli-eant,  n.  One  who  ap 


29 

Ap^pli-ca'tion,  n.    Act  of 
applying  ;  entreaty  ;  perse- 
vering industry  ;  assiduity. 
Ap-ply',  v.t.  To  lay  or  place  ; 
to  put  or  bring  ;  to  devote  ; 
to  address.  —  v.  i.  To  suit ; 
to  agree  ;  to  make  request. 
Ap-point',  V.  t.  To  fix,  es- 
tablish or  ordain  ;  to  desig- 
nate ;  to  direct. 
Ap/point-ee',  n.    A  person 
appointed.  [appointing. 
Ap-point'ment,  n.    Act  of 
Ap-p5r'tion,  v.  t.    To  divide 

and  assign  fairly  ;  to  allot. 
Ap-por'tion-ment,  n.    A  di- 
viding into  just  shares  or 
proportions. 
Ap'po-§ite,  a.    Yery  appli- 
cable ;  proper ;  suitable. 
Ap/po-§i'tion  (-zTsh/un),  n. 
State  of  two  nouns  put  in 
the  same  case  without  a  con- 
necting word. 
Ap-prai§'al,  n.  Valuation  by 

authority  ;  appraisement. 
Ap-prai§e',  -o.  t.  To  set  a 
price  on.  [appraising. 
Ap-prai§e'ment,  n.  Act  of 
Ap-prai§'er,  n.  A  person  ap- 
pointed to  appraise. 
Ap-pre'cia-ble  (-prc/shl-),  a. 

(Capable  of  being  estimated. 
Ap-pre'ci-ate(-shT-),  r. «.  To 
value  ;  to  raise  the  value  of. 
— v.i.  To  rise  in  value. 
Ap-pre'ci-a'tion  (-.sht-a'- 
shun),  n.  Act  of  appreciat- 
ing ;  a  just  estimate. 
Ap/pre-hend',  v.t.  To  seize ; 

to  conceive  by  the  mind ;  to 
^  fear. 

Ap/pre-hen'si-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  apprehended. 
Ap/pre-hen'sion,  n.    Act  of 
apprehending  ;  conception 
of  ideas  ;  fear  ;  distrust. 
Ap'pre-hen'sive,  a.  Quick 

to  apprehend;  fearful. 
Ap-pren'tlgc,  n.   One  bound 
by  indentures  to  learn  a 
trade  or  art.  — v.  t.  To  bind 
as  an  apprentice. 
Ap-pren'tige-ship,  a.  The 

time  an  apprentice  serves. 
Ap-prise',  V.  t.    To  inform. 
Ap-prize^t'.  t.  See  Appraise. 
Ap-proach',  v.  t.    To  draw 


AQUILINE 

near  to  ;  to  approximate.  — 
V.  I.  To  draw  near.  —  n. 
Act  of  drawing  near;  ac- 
cess ;  advance  ;  admittance, 

Ap-proach'a-ble ,  a .  Capable 
of  being  approached. 

Ap/pro-ba'tion,  n.  Act  of 
approving  ;  liking  ;  support. 

Ap'pro-ba'tive,  I  «•  Ap- 

Ap'pro-ba'to-ry,  j  proving. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate,  v.  t.  To  set 
apart ;  to  assign. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate,  a.  Belong- 
ing peculiarly.  —  Syn.  i'it ; 
adapted  ;  suitable. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate-ly,  adv.  Fit- 
ly ;  properly,  [culiar  fitness. 

Ap-pr5'pri-ate-ness,  n.  Pe- 

Ap-pr5^pri-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
appropriating  ;  any  thing  set 
apart. 

Ap-prov'al,n.  Approbation. 
Ap-prove',  v.  t.    To  like  or 

allow  of;  to  commend. 
Ap-pr6x'i-mate,^^  To  bring 
or  draw  near.  ["ig'i- 
Ap-pr6x'i-mate,  a.  Near  ; 
Ap-prbx'i-ma'tion,  n.  Ap- 
proach, [proaching. 
Ap-prox'i-ma/tive,  n.  Ap- 
Ap'pulse,  or  Ap-pulse',  n. 

Act  of  striking  against. 
Ap-pur'te-nange,  n.  That 
which  belongs  to  something 
else.  [ing  by  right. 

Ap-pur'te-nant,  a.  Belong- 
A'pri-cot,  n.  A  kind  of  plum, 
_  very  delicious.  [the  year. 
A'pril,  n.  Fourth  month  of 
A'pron  (a^purn  or  u/prun),  n. 
A  part  of  dress  worn  in 
front.  [the  way. 

Ap/ro-p5s'  (-poO,  adv.  By 
Apt,  a.  Fit ;  suitable  ;  liable  ; 

ready  ;  qualified.  [wings. 
Ap'ter-ous,  a.  Without 
Apt'i-tude,  n.  Fitness  ;  ad- 
aptation ;  tendency. 
Apt'ly,  adv.  Properly  ;  fitly. 
Apt'ness,  n.  Fitness  ;  readi- 
ness ;  tendency. 
A/qua-for'tis,  n.  Nitric  acid. 
A-quat'i€,  a.  Living  in  water. 
Aq'ue-du€t  (ak/we-dtikt),  n. 

An  artificial    channel  for 
_  conveying  water  ;  conduit. 
A'que-crs,  a.  Watery. 
Aq'ui-line  (iWwT-lTn  or -hn), 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wQlf,  too,  to^ok  ;  tirn,  nje,  p\ill ;  9,     soft ;  -e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  ttiis. 


ARAB 


30 


ARMORER 


a.  Like  an  eagle  or  its  beak  ; 
booked. 

jA  r'ab,  n.  A  native  of  Arabia. 

Ar'a-besque  (-besk),  a.  Per- 
taining to  Arabian  archi- 
tecture. 

A-ra'bi-an,  )  a.  Pertaining 
Ar'a-bi-e,     j     to  Arabia. 
Ar'a-bi€,  n.  The  language  of 
^  Arabians. 

Ar^a-blc,  a.   Fit  for  plowing. 

Ar'bi-ter,  n.  An  umpire  ;  a 
. .  judge.  [deterni  inable. 

Ar'bi-tra-ble,  a.    Arbitrary  ; 

Ar-bit'ra-ment,  n.  "Will  ; 
determination  ;  award. 

Ar'bi-tra-ry,  a.    Dictated  by 
will  ;    bound  by  no  law  ; 
despotic.  —  Syn.  Tyranni- 
_cal;  imperious;  absolute. 

Ar'bi-trate ,  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
hear  and  judge  as  an  arbi- 
trator  ;_  to  determine. 

Ar^bi-tra'tion,  n.  A  hearing 

..and  derision  by  arbitrators. 

Ar'bi-tra^tor,  n.  An  umpire ; 
arbiter. 

Ar'bor,  n.    A  shady  bower. 

Ar'bo-res'gent,  a.  Growing 
like  a  tree.  [a  tree. 

Ar'bo-rous,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Ar-e,  n.    A  seg- 

ment  or  part  of  ^ 
a  circle. 

Ar-eade',  n.  A  series  of 
arches  and  columns  ;  a  long 
arched  building  or  gallery. 

Ar-ea'num,  n.  {pi.  Ar-ea'- 

..  na.)    A  secret. 

Arch,  a.    Chief ;  principal ; 
waggish ;  sly.  —  n.  A  curved 
or  vaulted  structure.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  into  an  arch. — v. 
To  form  an  arch. 

Ar^-ehae-oPo-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence _c)f  antiquities. 

Ar-eha'i-e,  a.  Ancient ;  an- 
tiquated ;  obsolete. 

Ar'-eha-ism,  n.  An  obsolete 
Avord,  expression,  or  style. 

Ar€h-an'gel   (iirk-),  n.  A 

. .  chief  angel.  [bishop. 

Arch-bish'op,  n.    A  chief 

Arch-bish'cp-ri-c,  n.  Juris- 
diction or  office  of  an  arch- 
bishop.  [deputy. 

Arch-dea'-eon,  n.  A  bishop's 

Arch-duchtess,  n.    A  grand 


duchess  of  the  house  of 

Austria. 
Arch-diike',  n.  A  grand  duke 

of  the  house  of  Austria. 
Arched  (iircht),  a.    In  form 
..of  an  arch.       [with  a  bow. 
Arch'er,  n.  One  who  shoots 
Arch'er-y,  n.  Art  of  shooting 

with  a  bow. 
Ar^h^e-typ-'al,  a.  Belonging 

to  an  archetype  ;  original. 
Ar€h'e-type,  n.  An  original ; 
. .  a  pattern  ;  a  model .  [fiends . 
Arch'fiend,  n.    Chief  of  the 
Ar^-ehi-pei'a-go,  n.    A  sea 

with  many  small  islands  in 
..it.  [the  art  of  building. 
Ar'-ehi-te-et,n.  One  skilled  in 
Ar^-ehi-te-et'ur-al,  a.  Per- 
..  taining  to  architecture. 
Ar^-ehi-te€t^iire,  n.  The  art 
..or  science  of  building. 
Ar'-ehi-trave,  n.    That  part 

of  the  entablature  resting 
..immediately  on  the  column. 
Ar'-ehives,  n.  Records,  or 
..a  place  where  they  are  kept. 
Arch'ness,  n.  Sly  humor. 
Arch'way,  n.  A  passage  un- 
der an  arch. 
Ar€'ti-e,  a.  Lying  far  north. 
Ar'dent,  a.     Hot ;  fervid  ; 

vehement ;  zealous. 
Ar'dor,  n.    Heat ;  warmth  ; 
..affection ;  zeal. 
Ard'u-ous,  a.    High  ;  lofty  ; 
_  hard  to  "climb  ;  laborious. 
A're-a  ( 18 ),  n.  Inclosed  space ; 

superficial  contents. 
A-re'na,  n.    An  open  space 

for  combats  ;  any  place  of 
..  public  exertion. 
Ar'gal,  n.    Crude  tartar. 
Ar'gent,  a.  Silvery. 
Ar'gent-me,  a.    Relating  to, 

or  resembling,  silver. 
Ar'gil-la'ceons,  a.    Of  the 

nature  of  clay  ;  clayey. 
Ar'go-sy,  n.    A  large  ship 
..  for  merchandise  or  for  war. 
Ar'gue,  V.  i.  or  t.    To  debate 
..or  discuss  ;  to  persuade. 
Ar'gu-ment,  n.    Reason  al- 
,.  leged  to  induce  belief ;  plea. 
Ar^gu-men-ta'tion,  n.  Act 
..  or  process  of  reasoning. 
Ar^gu-mgnfa-tive,  a.  Con- 
sisting of  argument. 


A'ri  -an,  n.    One  who  denies 

_  the  deity  of  Christ. 

A'ri-an-i§m,  n.  The  doc- 
trines of  Arius,  who  denied 

^  the  deity  of  Christ. 

Ar'id,  a.   Dry  ;  parched. 

A-rid'i-ty,  n.  Dryness;  ab- 
sence of  moisture. 

A-right'(-rIt/),ac/f.  Rightly. 

A-n§e',  V.  i.  [In)p._  aro.se  ; 
p.  p.  ARISEN.]    To  rise  ;  to 

^  mount ;  to  ascend. 

Ar/is-to-e'ra-gy,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  nobles  ;  nobility, 

A-ris'to-€rat,  or  Ar'is-to- 
■erat,  n.  One  who  lavors 
aristocracy. 

Ar/is-to-€rkt'i-c,     \  a.  Re- 

Ar/is-to-erat'i-e-al,  j  lating 
to  aristocracy.  [numbers. 

A-rith'me-ti-e,  n.  Science  of 

Ar/ith-met'i€-al,  a.  Relat- 
ing to  arithmetic. 

A-rith/me-ti'cian,  n.  One 
skilled  in  arithmetic. 

Ark,  v.    A  chest  or  ccffer ;  a 

..  large  vessel  or  boat. 

Arm,/?.  Limb  from  the  shoul- 
der to  the  wrist  ;  branch  ; 
inlet  of  water.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  arms.  —  v.  i. 
To  take  arms. 

Ar-ma'da  (18),  n.  A  large 
fleet  of  armed  ships. 

Ar'ma-ment,  n.     A  force 

..  equipped  for  war. 

Ar'ma-ture,  n.  Armor;  a 
piece  of  iron  to  connect  the 
poles  of  a  magnet. 

Arir/ful  (26).  7?.  As  much  as 

..the  arms  can  hold. 

Ar'mil-la-ry,  a.  Resembling 
a  bracelet ;  consisting  of 
rings. 

Ar-min'ian  (-yan),  n.  One 
who  denies  predestination, 
and  holds  to  universal  re- 
demption. 

Ar-min'ian-ism,  n.  Tenets 
of  Arminians.        [in  arms. 

Ar-mip'o-tent,  a.  Powerful 

Ar'mis-tige,  n.  A  cessation 
from  a  rms  I  truce. 

Arm'let,  n.    A  little  arm; 

..  ornament  for  the  arm. 

Arm'or  (33),   n.  Defensive 

..  arms  or  covering. 

Ar'mo-rer,    n.      One  who 


&,  e,T,  5,  u,  y,long ;  5,  o,  i,  o,u. 


5',  short ;  cSre,  car,  ask,  ^U,  whg,t ;  ere,  vgil,  tiSrm  ;  pVque,  firm  ; 


ARMORIAL 


31 


ASIDE 


makes,  sells,  or  has  the  care 
of,  arms.  [armor. 

j^r-mo'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to 

Ar'mo-ry,  ».  A  repository 
for  arms.  [shoulder. 

Arm'pit,  n.  Cavity  under  the- 

Arm§,  n.  pi.  Weapons  ;  eu- 
signs  armorial. 

Ar'my,  n.  A  large  body  of 
armed  men  ;  great  number. 

A-ro'ma,  n.  The  fragrant 
principle  of  plants, 

Ar''o-m^t'i<2,  a.  Spicy. 

Ar'o-mat'i-es,  n.  pL.  Fragrant 
spices  or  perfumes. 

A-r6§e',  imp.  of  Arise. 

A-round',  prep.  On  all  sides 
of;  about ;  from  one  part  to 
another  of.  —  adv.  Oa  every 
side  ;  here  and  there. 

A-rou§e',  v.  t.  To  excite  to 
action  ;  to  awaken  suddenly  ; 
to  animate.  [hand-gun. 

Ar'que-buse,  ».    A  sort  of 

Ar'rack,  n.  A  spirit  obtained 
from  the  cocoanut,  rice,  or 
sugar-cane. 

Ar-raign'  (ar-ranO,  v.  t.  To 
call  to  answer  in  court ;  to 
call  in  question  ;  to  accuse. 

Ar-raign'ment  (ar-riin/-),  n. 
Act  of  arraigning. 

Ar-range',  v.  t.  To  set  in 
order ;  to  adjust ;  to  prepare. 

Ar-range'ment,  n.  Act  of 
arranging;  adjustment. 

Ar'rant,  a.  Notoriously  bad  ; 
infamous.  [hangings. 

Ar'ras,  n.  Tapestry  ;  figured 

Ar-ray',  n.  Order  of  battle  ; 
dress  ;  raiment.  —  ii.  t.  To 
put  in  order ;  to  dress.  — 
Syn.   To  dispose  ;  arrange. 

Ar-rear'age  (8),  n.  The  part 
of  a  debt  unpaid. 

Ar-rear§',  n.  pi.  That  which 
remains  unpaid. 

Ar-rest',  v.  t.  To  seize  by 
authority  of  law  ;  to  detain ; 
to  obstruct.  — n.  A  seizure 
by  legal  authority  ;  a  stay- 
ing or  stopping  after  ver- 
dict, as  of  a  judgment. 

Ar-riv'al(ll),n.  Act  of  arriv- 
ing or  coming ;  person  or 
thing  arriving.  [reach. 

Ar-rive',  v.  i.    To  come  ;  to 

Ar'ro-gange,  n.  Insolence  of 


bearing  ;  proud  contempt  of 

others  ;  liaughtiness. 
Ar'ro-gant,    a.     Haughty  ; 

proud  ;  insolent. 
Ar'ro-gate,  v.  t.    To  claim 

unjustly  ;  to  assume,  [bow. 
Ar'row,  n.  A  weapon  for  a 
Ar'row-r(5bt,  n.    A  plant  and 

a.  nutritive  starch  from  it. 
Ar'se-nal,  >i.  A  magazine  of 
,  arms  and  military  stores. 
Ar'se-ni-e,  ji.    A  poisonous 

metal  and  a  white  oxide  of  it. 
Ar-sen'i€-al,  a.  l'(;rtainiug 
_  to,  or  containing,  arsenic. 
Ar'son,  n.     The  malicious 
_  burning  of  a  house. 
Art,  2d  person  of  To  be.  —  n. 

Acquired  skill  ;  dexterity  ; 

system  of  rules  ;  cunning  ; 

artifice. 

Ar-te'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
an  jxrtery. 

Ar-te'ri-al-ize,  v.  t.  To  com- 
municate the  qualities  of 

..arterial  blood  to. 

Ar'te-ry,  n.  A  vessel  con- 
veying blood  from  the  heart. 

Art'ful  (17),  a.  Skillful ;  cun- 
ning ;  sly  ;  crafty. 

Ar-thrit'i€,  a.  Pertaining  to 

..the  joints  or  to  the  gout. 

Ar'ti-choke,  n.  A  garden 
vegetable. 

Ar'ti-ele,  n.  A  particular 
item,  condition,  part,  or 
thing ;  a  certain  part  of 
speech.  —  v.  t.  To  bind  by 
articles. 

Ar-ti-e'u-late,  a.  Having 
joints  ;  distinctly  uttered. 

Ar-ti-e'u-late,  v.  To  pro- 
nounce distinctly ;  to  unite 
by  means  of  joints. 

Ar-ti-e^u-la'tion,  n.  Connec- 
tion by  joints  ;  a  joint ;  dis- 

..  tinct  utterance. 

Ar'ti-fiQe,  n.  Artful  contriv- 
ance ;  device.  —  Syn.  Strat- 
agem ;  fraud  ;  deceit ;  trick. 

Ar-tif'i-Qer,  n.  A  skillful 
workman  in  some  art. 

Ar^ti-fPcial  (ar/ti-ftsh'al),  a. 
Made  by  art  ;  not  natural ; 
factitious  ;  fictitious. 

Ar-til'ler-ist,  n.  One  skilled 
in  gunner}'. 

Ar-til'ler-y,  n.  Weapons  for 


war  ;  ordnance  ;  troops  who 

..manage  ordnance. 

Ar'ti-san,  n.    A  mechanic. 

Art'ist,  n.  A  practicer  oi  one 
of  th(;  fine  arts.  [art. 

Ar-tist'i€,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Art'less,  a.     Without  art; 

..simple;  guileless.  [art. 

Art'less-ness,  n.    "Want  of 

As  (az),  uf/v.  in  like  manner 
to  ;  while  ;  in  the  idea,  char- 
acter, or  condition  of ;  for 

^  exaniple  ;  thus. 

As'a-fet'i-da,  I  n.    A  fetid  . 

As'a-foet'i-da, )  inspissated 
sap,  used  in  medicine. 

As-b6s'tus,  n.  A  fibrous  and 
incombustible  mineral. 

As-gend',  v.  To  move  up- 
ward ;  to  mount ;  to  climb. 

As-gend'ant,  a.  Above  tlio 
horizon  ;  superior.  —  n.  Su- 
perior intluencc  ;  height. 

As-gend'en-gy,  n.  Control- 
ling inttuenc'e. —  Syn.  Au- 
thority ;  prevalence ;  con- 
trol, [ascending.  • 

As-gen'.sion,  n.   The  act  of 

As-gent',  n.    Act  of  rising  ; 

^  an  cniinence  ;  acclivity. 

As'ger-tain',  v.  t.  To  make 
certain  ;  to  find  out;  to  make 
confident. 

As/ger-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  ascertained. 

As-get'i€,  n.  A  devout  re- 
cluse ;  a  hermit.  —  a.  Aus- 
tere ;  recluse.  [ascetics. 

As-get'i-gism,  n.  Practice  of 

As-erib'a-ble  (U),  a-  Capa- 
ble of  being  ascribed. 

As-cribe',  v.  t.  To  attribute 
to  assign  ;  to  impute. 

As-erip'tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
cribing ;  thing  ascribed. 

Ash,  n.  A  well-known  tree 
and  its  wood.  [shar.-io. 

A-shamed',  a.  Covered  with 

Ash'er,  a.     INIade  of  ash- 

_  wood  ;  resembling  ashes. 

Ash'e§,  n.  pi.  Incombustible 
remains  of  what  is  burnt ;  a 
dead  body  that  is  burnt. 

A-shore',  adv.  On  or  to 
shore.  [ashes. 

Ash'y,  a.    Ash-colored  ;  like 

A-side',  adv.  On  or  to  one 
side. 


Bon,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tdbk  ;  <lrn,  rye,  pyll ;  5,  ^,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ug ;  this. 


ASININE 


82 


ASTHMATIC 


As'i-nlne,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 
^  ass  ;  stupid. 

Ask,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  make  re- 
quest ;  to  question  ;  to  beg ; 
to  invito  ;  to  demand. 

A-skange',  )  adv.  Toward 

A  skant',  )  one  corner  of 
tlieeye;  sidewise ;  obliquely. 

A-skew'  (a-sku^),  ad/v.  Ob- 
liquely. 

A-sleep',  a.    In  a  state  of 
sleep  or  of  death.  —  adv.  In 
,  a  sleeping  state. 

Asp,  n.  A  small 
hooded  and  poison- 
ous serpent  of 
Egypt. 

As  par'a-gus,  n.  A 
garden  plant. 

As'pe^t,  n.   Look ;  ^^P- 
countenance ;  appearance. 

Asp'en,  n.  A  kind  of  poplar. 

As-per'i-ty,  n.  Roughness  ; 
harshness  ;  moroseness. 

As-perse',  v  t.  To  attack  with 
slander.  —  Syn.  To  calum- 
niate ;  slander  ;  vilify. 

As-per'sion,  n.  A  sprinkling ; 
calumny  ;  slander  ;  censure. 

As-phalt',      )  n.  A  bitumi- 

As-phalt'um,  J  nous  sub- 
stance. 

As-ph5'-x'i-a, )  n.  Suspended 

As-phyx'y,  )  animation  ; 
fainting.  [pires. 

As-pir'ant,  n.    One  who  as- 

As 'pi-rate,  n.  A  letter  which 
is  aspirated  ;  a  mark  of  as- 
piration ;  a  whispered  con- 
sonant. —  a.  Pronounced 
with  a  rough  breathing. 

As'pi-rate,  v.  t.  To  pro- 
nounce with  a  breathing. 

As'pi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
pirating ;  ardent  wish. 

As-pire%  V.  i.  To  desire  eager- 
ly ;  to  ascend  ;  to  rise. 

As-pir'ing,  a.  Aiming  at 
something  great ;  ambitious. 

A-squmt',  adv.  Obliquely. 

Ass,  n.  A  beast 
of  burden  ;  dolt. 

As-sail',  V.  t.  To 
attack;  to  assault. 

As-sail'a-ble,  a. 
Capable  of  being 
assailed.  [sails. 

As-sail'ant,  n.    One  who  as- 


Ass. 


As-s5.s'  sin,  n.  One  who  kills 
by  secret  assault. 

As-s^s 'sin-ate,  t.  To  mur- 
der by  secret  assault. 

As-sas''sin-a'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  assassinating. 

As-sault',  «.  Violent  onset  or 
attack. — V.  t.  To  attack 
with  violence  ;  to  storm. 

As-say',  v.  t.  To  examine 
chemically,  as  metals.  — 
fb.  i.  To  attempt ;  to  try.  — 
n.  Attempt  ;  examination, 
as  of  metals. 

As-sem'blage,  n.  A  collec- 
tion of  persons  or  things. 

As-s§m'ble,  t;.  To  bring  or 
meet  together. 

As-sem'bly,  n.  A  company 
assembled  ;  a  legislature. 

As-s6nt',  V.  I.  To  admit  a 
thing  as  true.  —  n.  The  act 
of  agreeing ;  consent. 

As-sert',  v.  t.  To  aflftrm  posi- 
tively ;  to  maintain ;  to  aver. 

As-ser'tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
serting;  declaration,  [serts. 

As-sert'or,  n.    One  who  as- 

As-sess',  v.  t.  To  tax  ;  to 
value  ;  to  determine. 

As-sess'ment,  n  .  Act  of  as- 
sessing ;  the  sum  assessed. 

As-sess'or,  n.  One  appointed 
_  to  apportion  taxes. 

As'sets,w.  pL  Effects  of  a  de- 
ceased or  insolvent  person. 

As-sev'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  affirm 
solemnly. 

As-sev/er-a'tion,  n.  Solemn 
affirmation. 

As'si-du'i-ty,  n.  Closeness  of 
application  ;  diligence. 

As-sid'u-oiis,  a.  Constant  in 
application  ;  diligent ;  busy. 

As-sign'  (-sin/),  v.  t.  To  mark 
out ;  to  appropriate ;  to  make 
over.  —  n.   An  assignee. 

As-sTgn'a-ble  (-sm/-),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  assigned. 

As^sig-na'tion,  n.  Appoint- 
ment for  a  meeting. 

As^sign-ee'  (-sin-),  n.  One  to 
whom  something  is  assigned. 

As-sign'er  (-sm^-),  )  n.  One 
As-'sign-or'  ( -sin- ) ,  j  who  as- 
signs. 

As-sign'ment  (as-sln/-),  n. 

Act  of  assigning, 


As-sim'i-late,  v.  To  make 
or  become  similar. 

As-sim^i-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
assimilating,   [lieve  ;  to  aid. 

As-sist',  V.  t.  To  help  ;  to  re- 

As-sist'ange,  n.  Help  ;  aid ; 
relief ;  succor  ;  support. 

As-sist'ant,  n.  One  who  as- 
sists. —  a.  Helping. 

As-size',  n.  A  court,  or 
session  of  a  court ;  {pL.)  time 
or  place  of  holding  a  court. 

—  V.  i.  To  fix  the  measure, 
rate,  price,  or  weight  of,  by 
authority. 

As-so'gi-ate  (-shi-at),  v.  To 
join  in  company  ;  to  unite 
with.  —  a.  Joined  in  in- 
terest ;  united.  —  n.  A  com- 
panion ;  partaker. 

As-s5''ci-a'tion  (-shT-),  n. 
Union  ;  connection  ;  society. 

As'so-nant,  a.  Having  a  re- 
semblance of  sounds  without 
rhyme. 

As-s6rt',  V.  t.  To  arrange  in 
classes  ;  to  class. 

As-9f6rt'ment,  n.  Quantity 
selected  or  arranged ;  collec- 
tion assorted. 

As-suage',  v.  t.  To  soften 
or  reduce,  as  pain  or  grief. 

—  Syn.  To  pacify;  miti- 
gate ;  alleviate ;  allay. 

As-srime',  v.  t.    To  take  ;  to 
take  for  granted  ;  ta  pretend 
to  possess.  [haughty. 
As-sum'ing, a.  Arrogant; 
As-sump'tion,  n.    Act  of  as- 
suming ;  supposition  ;  thing 
supposed. 
As-siir'ange  (-shijr/-),  n.  Cer- 
tain   expectation  ;  confi- 
dence ;  boldness  ;  insurance. 
As-sure'  (a-shijW),.     t.  To 
make  secure  ;  to  assert  posi- 
^  tively  ;  to  insure. 
As'ter,  n.  A  plant. 
As'ter-isk,  n.  The  mark  {*). 
A-stern',  adv.  In  the  hinder 
part  of  a  ship  ;  behind  a 
_  ship  ;  in  the  rear. 
As'ter-oid,  n.     One  of  the 
small  planets  between  Mars 
and  Jupiter. 
Asth'ma  (5st/-,  Sz^-,  or  as^-), 

n.   Shortness  of  breath. 
Asth-mllt'i-e  (ast-,  az-,  or  as-), 


a,e,T,  o,u,y,  long;  a,e,i,  6,  ti,  5^,  5Aori/  care,  car,  ask,  all,wh^t;  ere,  veil,  term; 


ASTONISH 


ATTRIBUTIVE 


a.    Pertaining  to  asthma  ; 

troubled  with  asthma. 
As-t6n'ish,  v.  t.    To  amaze  ; 

to  surprise.  [derful. 
As-t6n'ish-ing,  a.  Very  won- 
As-t6n'ish-ment,  n.  Emo- 
tion created  by  a  sudden  or 

extraordinary  event. —  Syn. 

Amazement;  wonder. 
As-tound',  V.  t.  To  astonish. 
As'tral,  a.    Belonging  to  the 

stars  ;  starry,  [right  way. 
A-stray',  adv.  Out  of  the 
A-strlde',  adv.  Across  ;  with 

the  legs  apart. 
As-trin'gen-Qy,  n.  The  power 

of  binding  or  contracting. 
As-trin'gent,  a.  Binding. 

—  n.    A   medicine  which 

binds. 

As-tr61'o-^er,  n.  One  who 
foretells  events  by  the  stars. 

As''tro-16g'i€,      )  a.  Relat- 

As^ro-lSg'i-e-al,  ]  ing  to  as- 
trology. 

As-tr61'o-gy,  n.  The  art  of 
predicting  events  by  the  as- 
pects of  the  stars. 

As-tr6n'o-mer,  n.  One  skilled 
in  astronomy. 

Asaro-n6m'i€-al,  a.  Be- 
longing to  astronomy. 

As-tr6n'o-my,  n.  The  science 
of  the  heavenly  bodies. 

As-tute',  a.  Shrewd  ;  saga- 
cious ;  discerning ;  acute. 

A-siin'der,  ad/v.  Apart;  into 
parts. 

A-sj^'lum,  n.  A  refuge ;  sanc- 
tuary ;  a  charitable  institu- 
tion. 

At,  prep.  Near  to  ;  in  ;  by  ; 
on  ;  with  ;  toward. 

Ate,  imp.  of  Eat. 

A'the-i§m,  n.  Disbelief  in 
the  existence  of  a  God. 

A'the-ist,  n.  One  who  denies 
the  existence  of  a  God. 

Aahe-ist'i€,      )  a.  Pertain- 

A''the-ist'i-e-al,  )  ing  to 
atheism  ;  denying  a  God. 

Ath/e-ne'um  )  (25),  n.  A 

Ath'e-nae'um )  literary  or 
scientific  association  ;  a  pub- 
lic reading-room. 

t -thirst',  a.  Thirsty, 
th'lete,  n.  A  contender  for 
a  prize  in  public  games . 


Ath-16t'i-c,  a.  Belonging  to 
wrestling  ;  strong ;  vigorous. 

A- thwart',  adv.  Sidewise  ; 
obliquely.  — prep.  Across  ; 
from  side  to  side  of. 

Avian-te'an,  a.  Resembling 
Atlas,  a  fabulous  giant. 

At-Un'tie,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  ocean,  between  Europe 
and  America.  [maps. 

At'las  (18),_n.  A  collection  of 

At'mos-phere,  n.  The  air 
that  surrounds  the  earth. 

Avinos-ph6r'i€,     I  a.  Be- 

At^mos-ph6r'i€-al, )  long- 
ing to  the  atmosphere. 

At'om,  n.  A  minute  particle. 

A-t6m'i€,      I  a.  Of,  or  relat- 

A-t6m'i-e-al,  J    ing  to  atoms. 

A-tone',  V.  i.  To  expiate  ;  to 
make  satisfaction  for ;  to 
reconcile. 

A-tone'ment  (10),  n.  Sjitis- 
faction ;  expiation ;  reconciU- 
ation. 

A-tr5'cious,  a.  Wicked  in  a 
high  degree  ;  enormous  ; 
flagitious.  [wickedness, 
-trdg'i-ty,  n.  Horrible 
t'ro-phy,  n.  A  wasting 
away  ;  emaciation. 

At-tach',  V.  t.  To  take  by 
legal  process  ;  to  win  over. 

Attach^  (at^a-sha'),  n.  One 
attached  to  the  suite  of  an 
embassador. 

At-tich'raent,  n.  Act  of 
attaching  ;  state  of  being 
attached  ;  thing  attached  ; 
seizure  by  legal  process  in  a 
civil  suit ;  affection. 

At-t3,ck',  V.  t.  To  assault ;  to 
assail.  —  n.  An  assault  ; 
onset ;  invasion. 

At-tain',  v.  i.  To  reach  by 
efforts  ;  to  arrive  at.  —  Syn. 
To  obtain  ;  to  acquire. 

At-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  attained. 

At-tain'der,  n.  Act  of  at- 
tainting in  law. 

At-tain'ment,  n.  Act  of  at- 
taining ;  thing  attained  ; 
acquisition. 

At-taint',  v.  t.  To  corrupt ; 
to  disgrace  ;  to  taint,  as 
blood,  when  one  is  found 
guilty  of  treason.  —  n.  A 


stain  ;  spot ;  taint ;  a  kind 
of  writ. 

At-tem'per,  ©.  t.  To  qualify 
by  mixture  ;  to  temper. 

At-tempt',  n.  A  trial ;  effort ; 
essay.  —  v.  t.  To  try  ;  to  en- 
deavor ;  to  essay  ;  to  attack. 

At-t6nd',  V.  t.  To  wait  on  ; 
to  accompany.  —  v.  i.  To 
give  heed  ;  to  be  in  waiting. 

At-t^nd'ange,  n.  Act  of 
waiting;  service;  retinue; 
train  ;  attention. 

At-t6nd'ant,  a.  Accompany- 
ing ;  connected.  —  n.  One 
who  attends  or  accompanies. 

At-t6n'tion,  n.  Act  of  attend- 
ing or  heeding ;  civihty. 

At-t6nt'ive,  a.  Paying  at- 
tention ;  heedful ;  regardful. 

At-t6n'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  thin  ; 
to  subtihze  ;  to  make  slen- 
der ;  to  draw  out. 

At-t6n''u-a'tion,  n.  A  making 
thin  or  slender,  [to. 

At-t6st',  V.  t.  To  bear  witness 

Avtes-ta'tion,  n.  Official  tes- 
timony ;  witness.  [testa. 

At-t6st'or,  n.    One  who  at- 

At'ti€,  a.  Pertaining  to  Atti- 
ca ;  pure  ;  classical. —  n.  An 
upper  story. 

At'ti-gi§m,  n.  Elegant  Greek. 

At-tire',  V.  t.  To  drews  ;  to 
ari-ay . — n.  Clothes ;  apparel ; 
dress  ;  habit.  [tion. 

At'ti-tude,  n.  Posture  ;  posi- 

At^ti-tud'i-nize,  v.  t.  To  as- 
sume affected  attitudes. 

At-tor'ney  (-tGr^-,  19),  n.  One 
legally  appointed  by  another 
to  act  for  him.  [allure. 

At-tract',  V.  t.    To  draw ;  to 

At-tr§^'tion,  n.  Act  or  power 
of  attracting  ;  adurement. 

At-tr4«t'ive,  a.  Drawing  ; 
alluring.  —  n.  That  which 
draws.  [which  draws. 

At-tra-ct'ive-ness,  n.  Quality 

At-trib'u-ta-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  attributed. 

At-trib'ute,  t.  To  ascribe; 
to  impute.  [quality. 

At'tri-bute,  n.    An  inherent 

Atari-bu'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  attributing. 

At-trib'u-tive,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  expressing,  an  attri- 


8<5n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  tcTo,  t(rok;  Om,  rye,  p^U ;  9,     soft;  c,  g,  kard;  a§  ;  e^st ;  0  as  ng ;  tfaia. 


ATTRITION 


84 


AVAUNT 


bute.  — n.  A  word  denoting 
an  attribute. 

At-tri'tion  (-trish^un),  n.  Act 
of  wearing  or  rubbing. 

At-tune^  V.  t.  To  put  in  tune. 

Au'burn,  a.  Reddish  brown. 

Au€'tion,  71.  A  public  sale  to 
the  highest  bidder. 

Au€'tion-eer',  n.  Manager  of 
an  auction. 

A^i-da'cious,  a.  Bold  ;  impu- 
dent;  presumptuous. 

Au-d^Q'i-ty,  n.     Boldness  ; 

*  presumptuous  impudence. 
Au'di-ble,a.  Capable  of  being 

heard.  [to  be  heard. 

Au'di-bly,  adv.  In  a  manner 
Au'di-enQe,  n.    A  hearing  ; 

assembly  of  hearers. 
Au'dit,  n.    An  examination 
**of  accounts  under  author- 
ity. —  V.  t.  To  examine  and 

adjust,  as  accounts. 
Au'dit-or,  n.  A  hearer  ;  one 
"  who  audits  accounts, 
.^u'dit-o-ry,  n.  An  assembly 
'  of  hearers  ;  audience.  —  a. 

Having  the  power  of  hearing. 
Au'ger,  n.    A  tool  to  bore 

holes.  [any  part. 

Aught  (awt),  n.  Any  thing  ; 
Aiig-ment',  v.  t.    To  make 

larger;  to  increase. — v.  i. 

To  grow  larger, 
^ug'ment,  n.    Increase ;  en- 
'  largement ;  a  sign  of  past 

time,  in  grammar. 
Aug^men-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of 

*  augmenting  ;  thing  added. 
Aug-ment'a-tive,  a.  Having 

"  the  quality  of  augmenting. 
Au'gur,  n.    A  diviner  by  the 

""flight  of  birds.— t;.  t.  To 

predict  by  signs  ;  to  prog- 
nosticate.—  V.  i.    To  con- 
jecture by  signs  or  omens. 
Au-gu'ri-al,  a.    Relating  to 

augurs  or  augury. 
Au'gu-ry,  n.  A  prediction 
"  founded  on  the  flight  of 
birds,  &c.  ;  an  omen  ;  prog- 
nostication, [of  the  year. 
Au'gust,  n.  Eighth  month 
Au-gust%  a.  Impressing  rev- 

*  ere  nee  or  awe.  —  Syn. 
Grand  ;  imposing ;  majestic. 

Au'li<j,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
royal  court. 


Aunt,  n.  A  father's  or  moth- 
er's sister. 
Au-re'o-la,  \n.    A  halo  of 
Au're-ole,   j    light   or  lu- 
'  minous  rays.  [ear. 
Au'ri-ele,  n.    The  external 
Au-ri€'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  ear  or  the  sense  of  hear- 
ing ;  recognized  by  the  ear. 
Au-rif'er-ous,  a.  Producing 
"gold. 

Au'rist,  n.    One  skilled  in 

'"  disorders  of  the  ear. 

Au-ro'ra,  n.  The  dawning 
"light.  —  Aurora  borealis,  a 
luminous  meteoric  phenom- 
enon ;  northern  lights. 

Au-r5'ral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  aurora. 

Aus^-eul-ta'tion,  n.  Mode  of 

'  detecting  lung-diseases  by 
listening  to  sounds  within 
the  chest.  [fluences. 

Au'spi-Qe§,  n.pL  Omens  ;  in- 

Au-spPcious  (-spish^us),  a. 
Having  omens  of  success.  — 
Syn.  Prosperous ;  propi- 
tious. 

Au-stere',  a.  Severe  ;  rigid. 
Au-stere'ly,  adv.  Severely; 
""rigidly. 

Au-ster'i-ty,  n.     Severity ; 

""  harsh  discipline  ;  rigor. 

Aus'tral,  a.  Southern. 

Au-then'ti€,  a.  Genuine ; 
original ;  not  counterfeit. 

Au-then'ti-eate,  v.  t.  To 
establish  by  proof. 

Au-then^ti-ea'tion,  n.  Es- 
tablishment by  proof. 

Au^'then-tiQ'i-ty,  n.  State 
of  being  authentic  ;  gen- 
uineness. 

Au'thor,  n.    One  who  pro- 

*  *  duces  any  thing  ;  a  writer. 

Au'thor-ess,  n.  A  female  au- 

"thor.  [authority. 

Au-th6r'i-ta-tive,  a.  Having 

Au-thor'i-ty,  n.    Legal  pow- 

*'  er  ;  warrant ;  rule  ;  support ; 
testimony. 

Au'thor-i-za'tion,  n.  Estab- 

"■  lishment  by  authority. 

Au'thor-ize,  v.  t.    To  give 

"  authority  to  ;  to  make  legal ; 
to  justify. 

Au'thor-ship,  n.  The  state 
"  of  being  an  author. 


Au/to-bi-6g'ra-pher,  n.  One 
*  who  writes  a  history  of  his 

own  life. 
Au^to-bi-og'ra-phy,  n.  The 

writing  of  one's  own  life. 
Auao-bi/o-graph'i-e-al,  a. 
"  Relating  to  autobiography. 
Au-t6€'ra-Qy,  n.  Supreme 

independent  power. 
Au'to-erat,  n.   An  absolute 

sovereign. 
Au'to-€rat'i<5,     )  a.  Relat- 
Au/to-€rat'i<;-al,  j  ing  to  au- 
tocracy or  to  an  autocrat. 
Au^to-da-fe',  n.  Punishment 

of  a  heretic  by  burning; 

also,    the    sentence  then 

read. 

Au'to-gr3,ph,  n.  A  person's 
"hand-writing  ;  signature. 

Au^to-graph'i-e,     )  a.  Con- 

Au'to-graph'i-e-al, )  sis  ting 
in  one's  own  hand- writing. 

Au''to-m3,t'i€,  a.  Belonging 
to,  or  like,  an  automaton, 

Au-t6m'a-ton,  n.  {pL  Au- 

"  t6m'a-ton§ ;  Lat.  pi.  Au- 
tom'a-ta.)  A  self-moving 
machine,  especially  one 
which  imitates  the  motions 
of  men  or  animals. 

Au'tumn  (aWtum),  n.  Third 
*  season  of  the  year  ;  fall. 

Au-tuna'nal,  a.  Of,  or  be- 
longing to,  autumn. 

Aux-il'ia-ry,    a.  Helping. 

**  —  n.  A  verb  that  helps  form 
moods  and  tenses  of  other 
verbs;  (pi.)  troops  assisting 
another  nation. 

A-vail',  V.  t.  To  turn  to  the 
advantage  of ;  to  profit ;  to 
assist;  to  promote.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  of  use  or  advantxige. — 
n.  Advantage;  profit;  {pi.) 
proceeds  of  property  sold. 

A-vail'a-ble,  a.  Profitable; 
^  valid. 

Av'a-lanQhe,  n.  Body  of 
snow,  earth,   &c.,  slicing 

^  down  a  mountain,    [of  gain. 

Av'a-riQe,  n.    Excessive  love 

Av'a-ri'cious  (-rish-'us),  a. 
Greedy  of  wealth.  —  Syn. 
Covetous  ;  miserly  ;  penuri- 
ous ;  niggardly. 

A-vast',  inter  j.    Cease  ;  hold. 

A-vaunt',  interj.  Begone. 


a,  e,  1,  6,  u,  y ,  long  ;  5,  e,  i,  6,  fi,  y ,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  VQil,  term ;  pique,  firm  j 


f 
I 


AVE-MARY 


35 


BACHELOR 


A've-Ma'ry,    (  n.  A  prayer 

A^ve-Ma-ri'a,  j  to  the  Vir- 
gin  Mary.  [to  oats. 

Av^e-na'ceous,  a.  Relating 

A-venge',  i>.  «.  To  take  just 
satisfaction  for  ;  to  take 
vengeance  on. 

A-v6ng'er,  n.  One  who 
avenges. 

Av'e-nue  (18),  n.  An  en- 
trance ;  passage  ;  shaded  al- 
ley in  a  garden  ;  wide  street. 

A-ver',  v.t.  To  declare  posi- 
tively  ;  to  affirm  ;  to  assert. 

Av'er-age,  n.  A  mean  pro- 
portion ;  medium.  —  a.  lle- 
lating  to  a  mean.  —  v.t.  To 
reduce  to  a  mean.  — v.  i.  To 
be  or  form  a  medial  sum  or 
quantity.  [sertion. 

A-ver'ment,  n.    Positive  as- 

A-verse',  a.  Having  a  strong 
dislike  ;  disinclined ;  unwil- 
ling ;  ^reluctant. 

A-ver'sion,  n.  Hatred  ;  dis- 
like ;  the  cause  of  aversion. 

A-vert',  V.  t.  or  i.  To  turn 
aside.  [^!vd8  in. 

A'vi-a-ry,  n.  A  place  to  keep 

A-vid'i-ty,  n.  Greediness  ;  ea- 

_  gerness  ;  intense  desire. 

Av/Q-ea'tion,  n.  Business 
that  calls  away. 

A-void',  V.  t.   To  keep  at  a 
distance   from  ;    to  make 
void ;  to  defeat  or  evade. 
A-void'a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 
being  avoided.  [ing. 
A-void^ange ,  n.  Act  of  avoid-  j 


I  A-void'er,    n.     One  who 
avoids. 

Av^oir-du-pois'  (5,v/er-),  n.  A 
weight  which  has  sixteen 
ounces  to  the  pound. 
A-vouch',  V.  t.    To  declare 

positively ;  to  maintain. 
A-vow',   V.   t.     To  declare 
openly  ;  to  own  and  justify. 
A-vow'al,  n.  A  frank  declara- 
tion. 

A-vow'ed-ly,  adv.     In  an 

open  manner. 
A-vow'er,    n.      One  who 
avows.  [asunder. 
A-vul'sion,  n.     A  tearing 
A-wait',  v.t.  To  wait  for  ;  to 
expect. 

A-wake',  a.   Not  sleeping.  — 

V.  t.  [imp.  8c  p.  p.  AWAKED 

or  AWOKE.]  To  rouse  from 
sleep  ;  to  wake.  —  v.  i.  To 
cease  to  sleep. 
A-wak'en,  V.    To  awake. 
A-ward',  v.  t.    To  adjudge  ; 

to  decree.  —  n .  A  judgment. 
A- ware',  a.  Foreseeing  ;  vigi- 
lant ;  watchful ;  apprised. 
A-way',  adv.    At  a  distance. 
Awe,  n.    Reverential  Ibar. — 

v.t.    To  strike  with  awe. 
Aw'ful  (10),  a.  Striking  awe. 
Aw'ful-ness,  n.    Quality  of 

striking  with  awe. 
A-while',  adv.  For  some  time. 
Awk'ward,a.    Clumsy;  un- 
handy ;  inelegant. 
Awk'ward-ness,    n.  Un- 
gracefulness  j  clumsiness, 


!  Awl,  n.  A  tool  to  pierce 
holes. 

Awn,  n.  The  beard  of  grasses 

and  grain. 
Awn'ing,  n .  A  covering  from 

tlie  sun  or  weather. 
A-w6ke',  imp.  &  p.  p.  from 

Awake. 

A- wry  (-rIO,  a.  or  adv.  Ob- 
lique or  obliquely  ;  aside. 

Ax,    I  n.  An  iron  tool  with  a 

Axe,  )  steel  edge,  for  hewing 
and  chopping. 

Ax'i-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 
axis. 

Ax'i-form,  a.    Having  the 

shape  of  an  axe. 
Ax'il-la-ry,  a.    Belonging  to 

the  armpit. 
Ax'i-om,  n.    A  self-evident 
^  proposition  or  truth. 
Ax'i-om-3,t'i€,  a.  Pertaining 

to  an  axiom  ;  of  the  nature 

of  an  axiom. 
Ax'is,  n.  {pL  Ax'eg. )  The  line 

on  which  a  thing  revolves ; 

stem  of  a  plant. 
Ax'le  (aks/1),   )     •  Mm. 
Ax'le-tree,     J  _«HL 

n.    A  shaft  on°ifflQS»0 

which  a  wheel  ^HPj 
.^turns._  J^J 
Ay,  or  Aye,arfv.  ^ 

Aye     (a),    adv.    C,  Axle. 

Always  ;  ever. 
Az'urc  (azh'ur  or  a^zhur),  a. 

Blue ;  sky-colored;  cerulean. 

—  71,  A  light  blue  ;  the  sky. 


B. 


BAA,  n.  The  cry  or  bleat- 
ing of  sheep.  —  v.  i.  To 
cry  like  a  sheep. 
Bab'ble,t'.«.  To  talk  idly,  ir- 
rationally, or  unintelligibly ; 
to  prattle.— n.  Senseless 
prattle  ;  idle  talk. 
Bab'bler,  n.    An  idle  talker  ; 

a  prater. 
Babe,  n.  An  infant ;  a  young 
child ;  a  baby. 


Bab-oon',  n.  A 

large  species 

of  monkey. 
Ba'by  (19),  n. 

An  infant ; 

young  child ; 

a  babe. 
Ba'by-ish, 

Like  a  baby  ;  ■ 

childish. 
Ba€^-ea-lau're-  Baboon. 


ate,    n.     The   degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Arts. 
Ba€'€ha-nal,  n.  A  drunkard; 

a  reveler. 
B^-e-'-cha-na'li-an,  a.  Rev- 
eling in  intemperance.  —  n. 
A  drunken  reveler. 
Bach'e-ior,  n.  An  unmarried 
man;  one  who  has  taken 
the  first  degree  in  any  of  the 
liberal  arts. 


son,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  t<5D,  took  ;  tirn,  r«e,  pyll ;  f ,  |,  soft;      g,  hard:  a§ ;  e^ist ;  Q  as  ng ;  this. 


BACK 


36 


BANDY 


B3-ck,  n.  The  hinder  part  In 
man  and  the  upper  part  in 
beasts  ;  the  rear  ;  outward  or 
upper  part  of  a  thing. — adv. 
To,  in,  or  toward  the  rear  ; 
backward  ;  behind  ;  again. 
—  V.  t.  To  mount ;  to  sup- 
port ;  to  furnish  with  a  back. 

Back'bite,  v.  t  To  slander  in 
the  absence  of  the  person 
traduced.  [lumniator. 

Back'bit-er,  n.    A  secret  ca- 

Back'bone,  n.  The  bone  of 
the  back  :  the  spine. 

Back-gam'mon,  n.  A  game 
with  dice,  played  on  a  kind 
of  table  or  board. 

Back'ground,  n.  Ground  or 
part  behind ;  shade. 

Back'slde,  n.    Hinder  part. 

Back-slide',  v.  i.  To  fall  off ; 
to  apostatize. 

Back'ward,   )  a.  Unwilling ; 

Back'wards,  j  slow  ;  late  ; 
dull.  [ingly. 

Back'ward-ly,  adv.  Un will- 
Back' ward-ness,  n.  State  or 
quality  of  being  backward. 

Back-wdbd§'man(21),  n.  An 
inhabitant  of  the  forest  in 
new  settlements 

Ba'-eon(ba/kn), n.  Hog'sflesh 
salted,  or  pickled  and  dried. 

Bad,  a.  Wanting  good  quali- 
ties ;  ill ;  evil ;  wicked. 

Bade,  imp.  of  Bid.  [tion. 

Badge,  n.  A  mark  of  distinc- 

Bad'ger,  n.    A  quadruped. 

—  V.  t.  To  tease  ;  to  worry. 
Baffle,  v.  t.    To  elude  or  de- 
feat by  artifice.  —  Syn.  To 
balk  ;  frustrate  ;  disappoint. 

Bag,  n.  A  sack  ;  purse. — 
V.  t.  To  put  into  a  bag.  —  v. 
i.  To  swell  like  a  bag. 

Bag'a-telle',  n.    A  trifle. 

B&g'gage,  n.  Utensils  and 
other  necessaries  of  an  army ; 
clothing;  luggage. 

BS,gn'io  (ban/yo),  n.  A  hot 
bath ;  brothel,  [instrument 

BS,g'pipe,  n.  A  musical  wind 

Bail,  n.  A  surety  for  anoth- 
er's appearance  ;  a  handle 

—  V.  t.  To  give  security  ; 
to  set  free  on  security  ;  to 
release  by  bail ;  to  free  from 
water. 


Bail'a-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  bailed. 
Bail'iff ,  /I.  A  sheriff 's  deputy  : 

an  under-steward. 
Bail'i-wick,  n.  Jurisdiction 

of  a  bailiff. 
Bail'or,  )  n.  One  who  delivers 
Bail'er, )     goods  in  trust. 
Bairn,  or  Barn,  n.    A  child. 
Bait,  V.  t.  To  put  food  on,  as 
on  a  hook  ;  to  give  refresh- 
ment to.  — V.  i.  To  stop  for 
refreshment  on  a  journey. 
—  n.    A  lure  ;  temptation  ; 
enticement ;  refreshment. 
Baize,  n.    A  kind  of  coarse 

woolen  stuff. 
Bake,  v.  t.  To  heat  or  harden 
by  heat ;  to  cook  in  a  close 
heated  place.  —  v.  i.  To  do 
the  work  of  baking  ;  to  dry 
and  harden  in  heat. 
Bak'er,  n.    A  person  whose 

trade  is  to  bake. 
Bak'er-y,  n.  Trade  of  a  baker, 
Bak'ing  (11),  n.  A  drying  by 
heat ;    quantity  baked  at 
once. 

BaPange,  n.  A  pair  of  scales ; 
the  difference  of  accounts  ; 
equipoise  ;  a  sign  in  the  zo- 
diac. —  V.  t.  To  make  equal ; 
to  weigh  ;  to  estimate  ;  to 
adjust  and  settle.  —  v. 
To  hesitate  ;  to  fluctuate 
Bal'ange-sheet,  n.   A  paper 
exhibiting  a  summary  and 
balance  of  accounts. 
Bal'-eo-ny,  n.    A  gallery  on 
the  outer  wall  of  a  building. 
Bald,  a.  Without  hair ;  naked. 
BaPder-dash,  n.  A  worthless 
mixture  ;  jargon ;  nonsense 
Bald'ness,  n.  A  want  of  hair, 
Bald'pate,  n.  A  pate  or  per- 
son without  hair. 
Bal'dri€,  n.  A  girdle  ;  a  belt. 
Bale,  n.     Misery  ;  sorrow  ; 
calamity  ;  a  bundle  of  goods 
—  V.  t.    To  put  into,  or 
make  up  into,  bales ;  to 
pack  up. 
Bale'-fire,  n.    A  signal  fire. 
Bale'ful  (17),  n.  Full  of  bale  ; 

sorrowful  ;  sad. 
Balk  (bawk),  n.  An  vinplowed 
ridge  of  land  ;  a  great  beam  ; 
hindrance  ;  disappointment. 


—  V.  t.  To  disappoint.  — 
V.  i.    To  stop  abruptly. 

Ball,  n.  Any  round  body  ;  a 
globe  ;  a  bullet ;  a  social  as- 
sembly for  dancing  ;  a  game. 

—  V.  i.  To  form  into  a 
ball ;  to  gather  balls  of  snow 
on  the  feet.  [song. 

Bal'lad,  n.  A  simple  popular 

B^l'last,  n.  Any  heavy  sub- 
stance to  steady  a  ship.  — 
V.  t.    To  load  with  ballast. 

Bal'let  (or  la),  n.  Theatrical 
exhi_bition  of  dancing,  &c. 

Bal-ldbn',n.  A 
vessel      filled  %i 
with  gas  for  sail-^tt 
ing  in  the  air. 

Bai'lot,  n.  A^ 
ball  or  ticketj^ 
used  in  voting-Si. 

—  v.i.  To  vote 
by  ballot. 

Banot-b6x,    n.  Balloon. 
A  box  for  receiving  ballots. 

Balm  (bam),  n.  An  odorifer- 
ous plant ;  an  ointment. 

Balm'y  (bam/y),  a.  Sweet ; 
fragrant. 

Bal'sam,  n.  An  aromatic 
resinous  substance. 

Bal-sam'i-e,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  of  balsam  ;  healing. 

BS,l'us-ter,  n,  A  small  pillar 
to  support  a  rail. 

Bal'us-trade,  n.  A  row  of 
balusters  topped  by  a  rail. 

Bam-bob',  n.  A  kind  of 
tropical  reed.  [ceive. 

Bam-boo'zle,  v.  t.    To  de- 
Ban,  n.    A  public  notice  ;  in- 
terdict ;  curse. 

Ba-na'na,  n.  A  tree, 
and  its  fruit. 

Band,  n.   Any  thing'^i 
that  binds  ;  a  com- 
pany. —  V.  t.  &  i. 
To  unite  together.   

Band'age,  n.  A  fillet. 

Ban-dan'a,   \n.  a 

Ban-dan'na, )    kind  of  silk. 

Band'box,  n.  A  light  box 
for  bonnets,  &c. 

B3,n'dit  (25),  n.  An  outlaw  ;  a 
robber. 

Ban'dy,  n.  A  club  for  strik- 
ing a  ball. —  V.  t.  To  beat 
to  and  fro,  as  a  ball ;  to  ex- 


fl, e ,T,  0,  u, y ,  long  /  S,  6,  i,  6,  u,  J^, short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  wh§t ;  ere,  tsU,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm  j 


BANDY-LEG 


37 


BARRENNESS 


change.  —  v.  i.  To  con- 
tend, [leg. 

Ban'dy-lSg,  n.    A  crooked 

Bane,  n.  Deadly  poison  ; 
mischief;  ruin. 

Bane'ful,  a.  Poisonous  ; 
noxious ;  hurtful. 

Bang,  V.  t.  To  beat ;  to 
thump.  —  n.  A  blow;  a 
thump.  [banyan. 

Bin'ian,  n.  A  morning  gown  ; 

Bin'ish,  V.  t.  To  exile  from 
one's  country  ;  to  drive 
away. 

B3.n'ish-ment,  n.  Expulsion 
from  one's  own  country. 

Ba,n'is-ter,  n.    A  baluster. 

BS^nk,  n.  A  ridge  of  earth  ; 
steep  acclivity  ;  aide  of  a 
stream  ;  a  shoal ;  place  where 
money  is  deposited.  —  v.  t. 
To  raise  a  bank  about. 

B3,nk'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  received  by  a  bank. 

Bank'-bill,   )  n.    A  promis- 

B3.nk'-note,  )  sory  note  is- 
sued by  a  banking  company. 

B3-nk'-bdbk,  n.  A  small  book 
for  private  bank  accounts. 

B3.nk'er,  n.  One  who  deals 
in  money  or  discounts  notes. 

B3,nk'ing,  n.  The  business 
of  a  banker. 

B3,nk'rupt,  n.  One  who  can 
not  pay  his  debts.  —  a.  Un- 
able to  pay  debts  ;  insolvent. 

—  v.t.  To  make  insolvent. 
B3,nk'rupt-Qy,  n.    State  of  a 

bankrupt ;  failure  in  trade. 

B3.nk'-st6ck,  n.  Shares  in  a 
banking  capital. 

B3,n'ner,  n.  A  standard ;  flag. 

Ban'quet  (bank/wet),  n.  A 
grand  entertainment  ;  a 
feast.  —  v.t.  To  give  a  feast 
to. — v.i.  To  regale  one's 
self  with  a  feast. 

Bans,  n.  pi.  Proclamation  in 
church  of  an  intended  mar- 
riage, [of  fowl. 

Bin'tani,n.  A  small  variety 

Ban'ter,  v.  t.  To  rally  ;  to 
ridicule  ;  to  joke  or  jest  with. 

—  n.    Raillery  ;  joke. 
B3,nt'ling,  n.    An  infant. 
Ba,n'yan,  or  Ban-yan',  n.  A 

kind  of  fig-tree. 
Bap'ti§m,  n.    Application  of 


water  to  the  body  as  a  re- 
ligious ceremony. 

Bap-tig'mal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
baptism. 

Bap'tist,  n.  One  who  holds 
to  baptism  of  adults  only, 
and  that  by  immersion. 

B^p'tis-ter-y,  n.  A  place  for 
baptizing. 

Bap-tize',  v.  t.  To  administer 
baptism  to.  [tizes. 

Bap-tiz'er,  n.  One  who  bap- 
Bar,  n.  A  bolt ;  obstruction  ; 
inclosure  in  an  inn  or  court- 
room ;  division  in  music  ; 
bank  of  sand  in  a  river  ; 
body  of  lawyers  ;  a  tribunal. 
— V.  t.To  fasten  ;  to  shut  out. 

Barb,  n.  Any  thing  like  a 
beard ;  a  point  standing 
backward,  as  in  a  fish- 
hook ;  horse  armor  ;  a  Bar- 
bary  horse.  —  v.  t.  To  fur- 
nish with  barbs. 

Bar-ba'ri-an,  n.  A  savage  ; 
a  man  uncivilized.  —  a. 
Savage  ;  uncivilized. 

Bar-bS,r'i€,  a.  Foreign  ; 
rude  :  barbarous. 

Bar'ba-ri§m,  n.  Savageness. 

Bar-bar'i-ty,  n.  A  savage 
state  ;  cruelty  ;  barbarism. 

Bar'ba-rous,  a.  Uncivilized  ; 
savage  ;  rude  ;  cruel. 

Bar'be-cue,  n.  A  hog,  &c., 
roasted  whole ;  a  feast  in 
the  open  air. — v.  t.  To 
dress  and  roast  whole. 

Bar'ber,  n.  One  whose  busi- 
ness is  to  shave  beards. 

Bar'ber-ry,  n.  A  shrubby 
plant,  and  its  fruit,  [poet. 

Bard,  n.  A  Celtic  minstrel ;  a 

Bare,  a.  Naked  ;  uncovered  ; 
destitute  ;  mere.  —  v.t.  To 
make  naked  ;  to  uncover. 

Bare'faged  (-fast),  a.  Shame- 
less ;  impudent. 

Bare'fdbt,  «.  &  adv.  With- 
out shoes  or  stockings. 

Bare'-h6ad^ed,  a.  With  the 
head  uncovered. 

Bar 'gain,  n.  Agreement ;  a 
thing  bought  or  sold.  —  f. 
t.  To  make  a  contract  with  ; 
to  sell.  —  V.  i.    To  agree. 

Bar^e,  n.  A  large  boat  for 
pleasure,  &c. 


Ba-riPla,  n.  A  sea-shore 
plant ;  impure  carbonate  oi 
soda. 

Bark,  n.  Rind  of  a  tree ;  the 
noise  made  by  a  dog.  —  v.  t. 
To  .«^trip  of  bark.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  the  noise  of  a  dog. 

Bark,  j^-A 

out  a  mizzea  '^^^H^HA^ 

BSeyfn.    A  Barque, 
kind  of  grain  that  malt  ia 
made  of. 

Bar'ley-€6rn,  n.  A  grain  of 
barley  ;    third  part  of  an 

Barm,  71.   Yeast.  [inch. 

Barn,  n.  A  building  for  hay 
and  other  farm  produce. 

Bar'na-ele,  n.  A  kind  of 
shell-fish  ;  a  kind  of  goose  ; 
(pi.)  an  instrument  to  put 
on  a  horse's  nose  to  confine 
him  ;  a  pair  of  spectacles. 

Ba-r6m'e-ter,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  measure  the  weight 
of  the  atmosphere. 

B^r'on,  n.  R;mk  of  nobility 
next  to  a  viscount. 

BS,r'on-age ,  n .  Body  of  bar- 
ons, [wife. 

Bar'on-ess,  n.     A  baron's 

Bar'on-et,  n.  A  dignity  next 
below  that  of  a  baron. 

B§,r'on-et-Qy,  n.  The  rank, 
state,  or  title  of  a  baron. 

Ba-r5'ni-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  barony. 

Bar'o-ny,  n.  Lordship  or 
fee  of  a  baron. 

Ba-rpuQhe'  (-robsh/),  n.  A 
two  -  seated  four  -  wheeled 
open  carriage.  [soldiers. 

Bar'rack,  n.    A  building  for 

B^r'ra-tor,  n.  One  who  ex- 
cites lawsuits. 

B^r'ra-try,  n.  Encourage- 
ment of  lawsuits. 

B^r'rel,  n.  A  sort  of  cask ; 
a  cyhnder  ;  a  tube. — v.  t.  (8) 
To  put  into  a  barrel. 

Bar'ren,  a.  Not  prolific  ;  un- 
fruitful ;  sterile  ;  dull.  —  n. 
An  unfertile  tract  of  land. 

Bai'ren-ness,  n.  Unfruit- 
fulr.ess. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  toD,  t(rok ;  <irn,  rye,  pijU  ;  9,  i^,  soft ;     g,  hard;      ;  e^ist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


BARRICADE 


88 


BEAR 


B&r^ri-^ade',  n.  A  hastily 
made  fortification  ;  a  bar  or 
obstruction.  —  v.  t.  To 
stop  up,  as  a  passage. 

^ar'ri-er,  n.  A  limit;  de- 
fense ;  bar ;  obstruction  ; 
boundary.  [at  law. 

E^r'ris-ter,  n.    A  counselor 

Bar'rdw,  n.  A  hand-car- 
riage ;  a  mound ;  a  gelt 
swine. 

Bar'ter,  v.  t.     To  traffic  by 

exchanging    articles.  —  n. 

Traffic  by  exchange,  [ters. 
B^r'ter-er,  n.  One  who  bar- 
B^r'y-tone,  n,    A  male  voice 

partaking  of  the  common 

bass  and  tenor. 
Ba-salt',  n.     A  very  hard 

greenish-black  mineral. 
Ba-salt'i<;,  a.    Pertaining  to 

basalt. 

Base,  n.  Bottom  ;  foundation ; 
pedestal ;  gravest  part  in 
music,— Low  in  value, 
rank,  spirit,  estimation,  &c, 
=-Syn.  Mean;  vile.  — -r.  i. 
To  found,  set,  or  lay. 

Base'-born,  a.  Illegitimate. 

Base'less,  a.  Without  sup- 
port, [of  a  building. 

Base'ment,  n.   Lower  story 

Base'ness,  n.  Quality  of  be- 
ing base  ;  meanness  ;  vile- 
ness  ;  deepness  of  sound, 

Base'vi-ol,  )  n.     A  musical 

Bass'vi-ol,  j  instrument. 

Bash'ful,  a.  Wanting  con- 
fidence ;  modest ;  shy  ;  diffi- 
dent. 

Bash'ful-ness,  n.  Extreme 

modesty  ;  diffidence. 
Ba'si-e,  a,   Relating  to  a  base. 
Bas'i-lisk,  n.   A  cockatrice  ; 

a  kind  of  cannon, 
Ba'sm  (ba/sn),  n,    A  small 

vessel ;    dock  ;  a  pond  j  any 

hollow  place. 
Ba'sis,  n.^pl.  Ba'si§.)  Foun- 
dation ;  support ;  base. 
Bask,  V.  i.   To  lie  in  warmth, 

— 1\  t.  To  warm  with  genial 

heat. 

Bas'ket,  n.  A  vessel  made  of 
twigs,  &c,,  interwoven. 

Bass,  n.    A  fish  ;  a  tree. 

Bass,«.  (M«5.)  The  base.— a. 
Grave ;  low  ;  deep.  See  Base. 


Bas-soon',  n.  A  musical 
wind  instrument. 

BS-s'tard,  a.  Illegitimate ; 
spurious  ;  born  out  of  wed- 
lock. —  n.  A  spurious  child. 

Bas'tard-y,  n.  State  of  being 
a  bastard. 

Baste,  V.  t.  To  beat  with  a 
stick ;  to  sew  slightly  ;  to 
drip  butter  on. 

Bas-t'ile'  (or  bits/teel),  n.  An 
old  castle  used  as  a  prison. 

Bas'ti-nade',  j  v.  t.    To  beat 

BS,s^ti-na'do, )  on  the  soles 
of  the  feet  with  a  cudgel.  — 
n.  A  cudgeling,  especially 
on  the  soles  of  the  feet. 

B^s'tion  (bast^yun),  n.  A 
mass  of  earth  standing  out 
from  a  rampart. 

Bat,  n.  A 
stick ;  a  small 
bird-like  ani- 
mal. Bat. 

Batch,  n.  Bread  baked  at  one 
time ;  work  done  at  once  ; 
quantity  of  things  taken 
together.  [abate. 

Bate,  V.  t.     To  lessen;  to 

Ba-teau'  (bat-to^),  n.  {pi.  Ba- 
teaux', bat-toz/.)  A  long 
light  boat, 

Bath,  n.  {pi.  Batiig.)  A  bath- 
ing ;  a  place  to  bathe  in. 

Batiie,  v.  To  wash  or  lie  in 
water. 

Ba-tqn'  (-tong^,  \n.   A  staff 

Ba-toon',  )      or  trun- 

cheon, [fan  try. 

Bat-tal'ion,  n.  A  body  of  in- 

Bat'teix  (bat/tn),  v.  t.  To 
make  fat ;  to  fatten  ;  to  form 
or  fasten  with  battens.  — 
V.  i.  To  grow  fat. — n.  A 
narrow  piece  of  board. 

Bat'ter,  i\  t.  To  beat  down. 
—  n.  A  mixture  of  flour, 
water,  eggs,  &c. 

B^t'ter-ing-ram,  n.  An  en- 
gine for  beating  down  walls. 

Bat'ter-y,  n.  A  raised  work 
for  cannons  ;  a  bod\'  of  can- 
non taken  collectively ;  ap- 
paratus for  containing  or 
producing  electricity  ;  un- 
lawful beating  of  another. 

B^t'ting,  n.  Cotton  or  wool 
in  sheets  for  quilting. 


B3.t'tle,  n.  A  combat :  an 
encounter;  a  fight. — v.  i. 
To  contend  in  fight. 

Bat'tle-ax,  )  n.    A  kind  of 

Bat'tle-axe, )  ax  anciently 
used  in  battle. 

Bat'tle-door,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  strike  shuttlecocks 
with. 

B3,t'tle-ment,  n.  A  notched 
or  indented  parapet  or  wall. 

Baw'ble,  n.  A  gewgaw  ;  trin- 
ket ;  trifle.  [procuress. 

Bawd,  n.    A  lewd  woman  ;  a 

Bawd'y,  a.  Filthy ;  obscene. 

Bawl',  V.  t.  To  proclaim  as  a 
crier.  —  v.  i.  To  cry  aloud. 

Bay,  V.  i.  To  bark  as  a  dog. 
—  a.  Red  inclining  to  chest- 
nut. —  n.  Inlet  of  the  sea ; 
inclosure  in  a  barn  ;  a  tree. 

Bay'ber-ry,  n.  Fruit  of  the 
bay-tree  ;  a  species  of  laurel ; 
a  plant  (called  also  wax- 
myrtle)  and  its  fruit. 

Bay'o-net,  n.  A  sort  of  dag- 
ger fixed  to  a  gun. — v.  t. 
To  stab  with  a  bayonet. 

Bay'pu  (bi/c7o),  n.  Outlet  of 
a  lake,  &c. 

Bay'-rum,  n.  A  spirit  ob- 
tained b}^  distilling  leaves  of 
the  bay-tree. 

Ba-zaar', )  n.     An  Eastern 

Ba-zar',  )  market-place  or 
exchange ;  a  fair. 

Be,  V.  i.  and  auxiliary,  [imp, 
WAS  ;  p.  p.  BEEN.]  To  exist. 

Beach,  n.  A  sandy  or  pebbly 
shore  ;  strand. 

Bea'-eon  (b3/kn),  n.  A  signal 
light  to  direct  seamen. 

Bead  (18),  71.  A  Httle  ball  to 
be  strung  on  a  thread. 

Bea'dle,  n.  A  crier  or  mes- 
senger of  a  court ;  an  in- 
ferior parish  officer. 

Bea'gle,  n.    A  small  hound. 

Beak,  n.  The  bill  of  a  bird ; 
any  thing  like  a  bird's  bill. 

Beak'er,  n.   A  drinking-cup. 

Beam,  n.  A  main  timber; 
part  of  a  balance  ;  ray  of 
light.  —  V.  i.    To  shine. 

Bean,  n.  A  leguminous  plant 
and  its  seed. 

Bear,  v.  t.  [imp.  bore  ;p.  p. 
BORN,]    To  bring  forth,  as 


5,  e  J  1,  o,        long;  a,  e,  i,  6,  ti,  ^,  short ;  cure,  clr,  ask,  (ill,  what ;  Cre,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  j 


BEARABLE 


39 


BEGGAR 


young;  to  produce. — v.  t. 

{imp.  BORE  ;  p.  p.  BORNE.] 
To  carry  ;  to  endure  ;  to  sus- 
tain ;  to  support.  — v.  i.  To 
suffer.  —  n.  .^jEft^  _ 
A     kind  <^^^VH||^ 
^vild  animal ;  ^H9|^B 
a  stockjobber  ^^Cj^K 
interested  in 
depressing  the  Bear, 
yalue  of  stocks. 

Bear'a-bic,  a.  Capable  of 
being  borne ;  tolerable. 

Beard,  n.  Hair  on  the  chin, 
lips,  and  sides  of  the  fncc.  — 
V.  t.  To  take  or  pull  by  the 
beard  ;  to  oppose  to  the  face. 

Bcard'ed,  a.  Having  a  beard. 

Bear'er,  n.    A  carrier. 

Bear'-gar'den  (-dn),  n.  A 
place  where  bears  are  kept 
for  sport.  [mien. 

Bear'ing,  n.     Deportment ; 

Bcar'ish,  a.    Like  a  bear. 

Beast,  n.  An  irrational  ani- 
mal ;  a  brute.  [brutal. 

Beast'ly,  a.   Like  a  beast; 

Beat,  V.  t.  [imp.  bear  ;  p.  p. 
BEAT,  beaten.]  To  strike 
■with  repeated  blows  ;  to  out- 
do ;  to  surpass  ;  to  conquer. 
—  V.  i.  To  strike  ;  to  dash  ; 
to  throb,  as  a  pulse.  —  n. 
A  stroke  ;  a  blow. 

Beat'en,  7?. of  Beat. 

Be^a-tifi^;,  a.  Making  happy. 

Ee-at'i-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Admis- 
sion to  heavenly  honors. 

Beat'ing,  n.  Act  of  striking. 

Be-at'i-tude, w.  Blessedness; 
perfect  bliss  or  felicity. 

Beau  (bo),  n.  {pi.  Beaux, 
boz.)  A  man  of  dress;  a 
lady's  attendant ;  a  fop. 

Beau  I-de'al.  A  mental  mod- 
el of  beauty  or  excellence. 

Beau'te-ous,  a.  Beautiful ; 
handsome ;  fair. 

Beau'ti-ful,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  that  constitute 
beauty.  —  Syn.  Handsome  ; 
fiiir  ;  elegant ;  lovely. 

Beau'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
beautiful.  —  v.  i.  To  grow 
beautiful.  —  Syn.  To  adorn  ; 
grace  ;  embellish  ;  deck. 

Beau'ty  (bQ/ty),  n.  TThat- 
ever  pleases  the  e3-e  or  the 


mind  ;  assemblage  of  graces  ; 
a  lovely  woman. 


amphibious 
quadruped  and 
his  fur  ;  a  hat. 
Bc-ealm'  (be- 


kamO,t^.       To  Beaver, 
quiet ;  to  calm  ;  to  appease. 
Be-€ame',  imp.  of  Becoyne. 
Be-€au§e',    co)ij.     For  the 
cause  or  reason  that ;  for ; 
since  ;  as.  [to  befall. 

Be-change',  v.  i.  To  happen  ; 
Beck,  n.    A  sign  with  the 
hand  or  head.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  a  sign  with  the  head 
or  hand  ;  to  nod.  — v.  t.  To 
intimate  a  command  to  by  a 
nod  or  motion  of  the  hand. 
B6ck'on,  V.  t.  To  make  a  sig- 
nificant sign  to.  — V.  i.  To 
make  a  sign  to  another. 
Be-€loud',  V.  t.    To  obscure. 
Be-eome'    (-kum/),    v.  t. 

[imp.  BECAME  ;  p  p.  BE- 
COME.] To  fit,  or  befit  ;  to 
suit.  —  V.  i.  To  be  made  ;  to 
be  changed  to.  [graceful. 

Be-com'ing,    a.     Suitable ; 

Bed,  V.  t.  To  place  in  bed  ;  to 
lay  in  order. 

Be-dab'ble,  v.  t.   To  wet. 

Be-da,sh',  V.  t.  To  wet  by 
spattering.  [to  daub. 

Be-daub',  v.  t.    To  smear  ; 

Be-da,z'zle,  v.  t.    To  dazzle. 

Bed'-bug,  n.  An  ofTeusive 
bug  that  infests  beds. 

Bed'-cham^ber,  n.  A  cham- 
ber for  a  bed. 

Bed'-elotiies,  n.  Sheets, 
blankets,  coverlets,  &c. 

Bed'ding,  n.  Materials  for 
a  bed.  [trim. 

Be-d6ck',  v.  t.    To  deck  ;  to 

Be-dew'  (be-da/),  f-  t.  To 
moisten  with  dew. 

Bed'-feFlow,  n.  One  lying 
in  the  same  bed. 

Be-dim',  v.  t.    To  make  dim. 

Be-dl'zen  (-dFzn),  or  Be- 
diz'en  (-diz/n),  v.  t.  To 
adorn  tawdrily. 

Bed'lam,  n.  A  mad-house. 

Bed'Iam-ite,  n.  A  madman. 

Bed'-quilt,  n.  A  quilted 
covering  for  a  bed. 


Be-dr5,g'gle,  v.  t.    To  soil. 
Be -drench',  v.  t.    To  soak 

completely  ;  to  drench. 
Bed'rid,         )  a.  Confined  to 
B6d'rid-den,  j     the  bed. 
Bed'room,  n.    A  room  for  a 

bed. 

Bgd'slde,  n.    Side  of  a  bed. 
B6d'gt6ad,  n.    A  frame  for  a 
bed. 

Bed'time,  n.  Usual  hour  of 
going  to  bed. 

Bee  (18),  n.  An  insect  that 
makes  honey. 

Eee'-br6ad,  n.  The  pollen  of 
flowers  collected  by  bees. 

Beech,  n.    A  forest- tree. 

Beech'en,  a.  Belonging  to, 
or  made  of,  beech. 

Beef,  n.  The  flesh  of  an  ox 
or  cow  ;  an  animal  of  the 
ox-kind.  [In  the  latter  sense 
it  has  a  pi..,  Beeveg.] 

Beefsteak,  n.  A  slice  of 
beef  for  broiling. 

Bee'-hiv(?,  w.  A  box  or  cose 
for  holding  bees. 

Been  (bin),  p.  p.  of  Be. 

Beer,  n.  A  liquor  made  of 
malt  and  hops.      [by  bees. 

Bee§'-w5,x,  n.   Wax  s^ecreted 

Beet,  n.    A  garden  vegetable. 

Bee'tle,  n.  A  mallet ;  an  in- 
sect. —  V.  i.    To  hang  over. 

Beeve§,  n.pl.  of  Beef.  Cattle. 

Be-fall'  (16),  i*.  t.  [imp.  be- 
fell ;  //.  p.  BEFALLEN.] 
To  happen  to.  —  v.  i.  To 
happen  ;  to  occur. 

Be-fit',  V.  t.  To  become  ;  suit. 

Be-fit'ting,  a.  Suiting  ;  be- 
coming, [of. 

Be-fdbl',  V.  t.  To  make  a  fool 

Be-fore',  prep.  In  front  of  ; 
prior  to  ;  in  presence  of.  — 
adv.  Previously  ;  sooner. 

Be-fore'hand,  ariv.  Previous- 
ly. —  a.  Well  provided. 

Be-foul',  V.  t.  To  pollute. 

Be-friend',  v.  t.    To  favor. 

Beg,  V.  t.  To  ask  earnestly  ; 
to  solicit.  • —  V.  i.  To  live 
on  aims  ;  to  ask  for  alms. 

Be-get',  V.  t.  [imp.  begat  ; 

p.p.  BEGOT,  BEGOTTEN.] 
To  generate  or  produce. 
BSg'gar,  n.    One  who  begs, 
or  who  lives  by  begging.  — 


son,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  tub,  idols.',  6rn,  rjje,  p\^il ;  9,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;      ;  e^ist ;  Q  as  ng;  tills. 


BEGGARLINESS 


40 


BENIGNITY 


V.  t.  To  bring  to  want ;  to 
reduce  to  beggary. 

BSg'gar-li-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  beggarly  ;  meanness. 

B6g'gar-ly,  a.  Very  poor  ; 
mean.  —  adv.  Meanly. 

B§g'gar-y,  n.  Extreme  in- 
digence or  poverty. 

Be-gin',  V.  t.  [imp,  began  ; 
p.  p.  BEGUN.]  To  take  rise  ; 
to  commence;  to  do  the  first 
act.  -  [gins. 

Be-gin'ner,  n.    One  who  be- 

Be-gin'ning,  n.  First  cause, 
state,  or  part ;  commence- 
ment. 

Be-glrd.',  v.  t.  [imp.  be  gird- 
ed ;  p.  p.  BEGIRT.]  To 
surround ;  to  gird. 

Be-g6ne',  interj.  Go  away! 

Be-grime',  v.  t.  To  soil. 

Be-grudge',  v.  t.  To  envy 
the  possession  of;  to  grudge. 

Be-guile',  v.t.To  impose  up- 
on ;  to  deceive  ;  to  amuse. 

Be-gun', p.p.  of  Begin. 

Be-half,  n.  Favor  ;  cause  ; 
account ;  sake  ;  defense. 

Be-have',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  carry  ; 
to  act ;  to  demean. 

Be-hav'ior,  n.  Manner  of  be- 
having ;  a  course  of  life.  — 
Syn.  Conduct ;  deportment. 

Be-h6ad',  v.  t.  To  cut  off  the 
head  of. 

Be-held',  imp.  of  Behold. 

Be'he-moth,  n.  A  large  beast 
described  in  Job  xl. 

Be-hest',  n.  A  command  ; 
mandate;  injunction. 

Be-hind',  prep.  At  the  back 
of.  —  adv.  At  or  towards 
the  rear.  [rears. 

Be-hmd'h&nd,  adv.    In  ar- 

Be-hold',  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BEHELD.]  To  see ;  to  look 
at.  —  interj.  Lo  !  see ! 

Be-hold'en,  a.  Indebted. 

Be-hold'er,  n.  One  who  be- 
holds ;  a  spectator.  [tage. 

Be-hdbf,  n.    Profit ;  advan- 

Be-hobve',  v.  t.  To  be  neces- 
sary to  ;  to  be  fit  or  meet 
for ;  to  become. 

Be'ing,  n.  Existence;  any 
thing  that  exists. 


Bs-la'bor,  v.  t.     To  beat 

soundly. 
Be-late',  v.  t.  To  make  late  ; 

to  delay  ;  to  retard,  [layed. 
Be-lat'ed,  a.  Detained  ;  de- 
Be-lay',  v.  t.    To  fasten,  as  a 

rope,  by  winding  it  round 

something. 
Belch,  V.  t.   To  eject  wind 

from  the  stomach. 
BSl'dam,  n.   An  ugly  old 

woman  ;  a  hag.  [siege. 
Be-lea'guer,  v.  t.  To  be- 
Bel'fry  (19),  n.  A  place  where 

bells  are  rung. 
Be-lie',  V.  t.  To  speak  falsely 

of ;  to  vilify  ;  to  slander. 
Be-lief,  n.    Credit  given  to 

evidence  ;  thing  believed. 
Be-lieve',  v.    To  trust  in  ;  to 

give  credit  to.  [lieves. 
Be-liev'er,  n.  One  who  be- 
Bell  (!),«•  A  sounding  vessel 

of  metal.  —  v.  i.    To  grow 

like  a  bell.  [night-shade. 
BePla-don'na,  n.  Deadly 
Belle  (bel),  n.    A  handsome 

young  lady. 
BSlles-leftres  (bel-let/ter), 

n.  pi.   Polite  literature. 
Bel-lig'er-ent,   a.  Carrying 

on  war. —  n.  One  who  wages 

war. 

Bell'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
rings  a  bell ;  a  crier  of  goods. 

Bell'-m6t/al  (-met^l  or  -mW- 
al),  n.  A  composition  of 
which  bells  are  made. 

BSl'low,  V.  i.  To  roar  like  a 
bull. — 71.  An  outcry  ;  a  roar. 

Bel'lows  (bel'lus),  n.  sing.  & 
pi.  A  machine  to  blow  with. 

Bell'-weth^er,  n.  A  sheep 
which  carries  a  bell,  and 
leads  the  flock. 

Bel'ly,  n.  Part  of  the  body 
containing  the  bowels  ;  ab- 
domen.—f.  r.  To  bulge; 
to  project ;  to  swell. 

Bel'ly-a€he,  n.  Pain  in  the 
bowels.  [horse. 

Bel'ly-bllnd,n.  A  girth  for  a 

Be-16ng',  v.  i.  To  be  the 
property  of ;  to  adhere. 

Be-16ved',p.  p.  Greatly  loved. 

Be-16v'ed  (-luv^ed),  a.  Dear  ; 
much  loved. 

Be-low',  prep.  Under  in  time 


or  place  ;  beneath  ;  inferior 

to. —  adv.  In  a  lower  place  ; 

beneath  ;  on  earth  ;  in  hell. 
Belt,  n.  A  girdle  ;  sash  ;  band. 
Be-mire',  v.  t.    To  sink  or 

drag  in  the  mire. 
Be-moan',  v.  t.    To  lament. 
B6nch,  n.    A  long  seat ;  a 

judge's  seat ;  body  of  judges ; 

a  court. 
BSnch'er,  n.  A  senior  in  the 

English  inns  of  court. 
Bend,  v.  t.  &  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BENDED, BENT.]  To crOOk  ; 

to  bow  ;  to  submit.  —  n.  A 

curve  or  flexure. 
Be-neath'  {or  -neetW),  prep. 

Lower  than;  under;  below. 

—  adv.    In  a  lower  place. 
Ben'e-di-et,  l  n.     A  newly- 
Ben'e-dick,  )   married  man. 
Ben^e-di^'tion,  n.  Blessing  ; 

invocation    of   happiness  ; 

thanks. 

Ben/e-f3,-e'tion,  n.  Charita- 
ble gift ;  donation. 

B6n/e-fa€'tor,  n.  One  who 
confers  a  benefit. 

Ben^e-fae'tress,  n.  She  who 
confers  a  benefit.  [ing. 

Ben'e-fige,  n.   A  church  liv- 

Be-nefi-Qenge,  n.  Active 
goodness  ;  bounty. 

Be-nef  i-Qent,  a.  Delighting 
in  good  works  ;  charitable. 

Ben'e-fi'cial  (-fish/al),  a. 
Useful ;  advantageous. 

Ben^e-fi'ci-a-ry  (-fish/i-a-), 
n.  One  who  holds  a  bene- 
fice ;  one  benefited  or  as- 
sisted by  another. 

Ben'e-fit,  n.  Advantage ; 
profit  ;  favor  conferred.  — 
V.  t.    To  do  good  to. 

Be-nev'o-lenge,  n.  Disposi- 
tion to  do  good  ;  good-will  ; 
benignity  ;  kindness. 

Be-nev'o-lent,  a.  Having 
good  will:  kind;  affection- 
ate :  friendly. 

Be-mght'  (-nltO,  v- 1.  To  in- 
volve in  night  or  darkness. 

Be-nign'  (-nmO,  a.  Gracious; 
kind  ;  generous  ;  benevolent. 

Be-nig'nant,  a.  Gracious  ; 
kind  ;  fixvorable. 

Be-nig'ni-ty,  n.  Gracious- 
ness  ;  favor  ;  kindness. 


si,  e, I,  o,  ti,  Sflong ;  fi,  6, 1, 6, u,  5^,  short ;  cSre,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t }  ere,  v§il,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


BENISON 


41 


BICKERING 


B6n'i-son,  n.  A  blessing. 
B6nt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Bend.— 

n.  A  curve ;  tendency. 
Be-numb'  (i)e-nnmO,  v.t.To 

deprive  of  feeling. 
Ben-zoin',  n.      A  resinous 

juice. 

Be-prai§e',  v.  t.  To  praise 
extravagantly.        [by  will. 

Ee-queath',  v.  U     To  give 

Be-qu6st',  n.  A  legacy  left 
by  will. 

Be-rate',  v.  t.   To  scold. 

Be-reave',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BEREAVED,  BEREFT.]  To 
make  destitute  ;  to  deprive  ; 
to  take  away  from.  [tion. 
Be-reave'ment,  n.  Depriva- 

Be-r6ft',  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Bereave.  [ron. 

B5r'ga-m6t,  n.  A  pear  ;  a  cit- 

Ber'ry  (19),  n.  Any  small 
pulpy  fruit  containing  seeds. 

Berth,  n.  A  ship's  station  at 
anchor  ;  a  place  in  a  ship  to 
sleep  in  ;  official  situation. 

B§r'yl,  n.  A  greenish  mineral. 
•  Be-seech',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BESOUGHT.]  To  entreat ; 
to  pray  ;  to  beg ;  to  implore. 

Be-seem',  v.  t.  To  become  ; 
to  befit. 

Be-s6t',  V.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BESET.]  To  set  on,  in,  or 
round  ;  to  besiege  ;  to  way- 
lay ;  to  perplex ;  to  harass. 

Be-set'ting,  a.  Habitually 
attending  or  harassing. 

Be-shrewM-shruO, 'y-  ^-  To 
wish  a  curse  to  ;  to  execrate. 

Be-side',  prep.  At  the  side 
of;  out  of;  over  and  above. 
[In  the  last  sense,  written 
also  besides.]  j 

Be-side§',  adv.  Over  and 
above.  —  prep.  Over  and 
above  ;  in  addition  to. 

Be-siege',  v.  t.  To  lay  siege 
to  ;  to  beset. 

Be-sl6b'ber,  v.  t.  To  smear 
with  spittle  running  from 
the  mouth.  [over. 

Be-smear',  v.  t.    To  smear 

Be'som,  n.  A  brush  of  twigs. 

Be-s6t',  V.  t.  To  make  sot- 
tish ;  to  infatuate. 

Be-s6ught'  (be-sawt^),  imp. 
8c  p.  p.  of  Beseech. 


Be-spa,t'ter,  v.  t.  To  soil  by 
spattering. 

Be-speak',  v.  t.  [imp.  be- 
spoke ;  p.  p.  BESPOKEN  ] 
To  speak  for  beforehand  ;  to 
foretell  ;  to  betoken. 

Be-sprink'le,  v.  t.  To  scatter 
or  sprinkle  over. 

B§st,a.,.<;M/7cr/.  of  Good.  Most 
good  ;  most  advanced  or 
complete.  —  adv.^  superl.  of 
Well.  In  the  highest  degree. 
—  n.  Utmost. 

Bgsaial  (bGst/yal),  a.  Be- 
longing to  a  beast ;  brutal  ; 
carnal.  [move  quick. 

Be-stir',  V.  t.    To  cause  to 

Be-stow',  V.  t.  To  stow  ;  to 
make  use  of ;  to  give. 

Be-stow'al,      I  n.    Act  of 

Be-stov/'ment,  I  bestowing. 

Be-Strew'  (-stn^/  or  -strG^, 
V.  t.    To  scatter  over. 

Be-stride',  v.  t.    [iyvp.  be- 

STRID  or  BESTRODE  ;  p.  p. 
BESTRID,  BESTRIDDEN.] 
To  sit  or  stand  with  the  legs 
extended  across. 

B6t,  n.  A  wager;  stake.  — v. 
t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  BETTED.] 
To  lay  a  wager. 

Be-take',  v.  t.  [imp.  be- 
took ;  p.  p.  BETAKEN.] 
To  have  recourse  ;  to  apply. 

Be'tel  (bG'tl),  n.  A  species  of 
pepper  in  the  East  Indies. 

Be-think',  v.  t.  &  i.  [imp. 
BETHOUGHT.]  To  reflect ; 
to  recollect ;  to  consider. 

Be-tide',  t*.  To  befall ;  to  oc- 
cur ;  to  happen  to. 

Be-time',   I  adv.     In  good 

Be-time§',  )     time  ;  early. 
rBe-to'ken,  v.  t.    To  signify. 

Be-tdbk',  imp.  of  Betake. 

Be- tray',  v.  t.  To  give  up  or 
disclose  treacherously  ;  to 
indicate. 

Be-tray'al,  n.  Act  of  betray- 
ing :  breach  of  trust. 

Be-tr6th',  v.  t.  To  pledge 
marriage  to.  [marriage. 

Be-tr6th'al,  n.    Contract  of 

Bet'ter,  a.,  compar.  of  Good. 
More  good  ;  superior.  —  v. 
t.  To  make  better.  —  Syn. 
To  improve ;  mend  ;  ad- 
vance. 


Bet'ter-ment,  n.  Improve- 
ment. 

BSt'terf ,  n.  pi.  Superiors. 

Bet'ty,  n.  A  burglar's  instru- 
ment to  break  open  doors. 

Be-tween',  I  prep.     In  the 

Be-twixt',  j  middle. 

Bev'el    (8),  n. 
Slant  of  a  sur- 
face ;  a  kind  of  j^  -  _ 
square  used  by  ? 
masons,  &c.  —  Bevel. 
V.  t.   To  cut  to  a  bevel. 

B6v'er-age,  n.  Liquor  for 
drinking.  [company. 

Bev'y.  n.  A  flock  of  birds  ;  a 

Be-wail',  v.  t.  To  lament ; 
to  grieve  for. 

Be-ware',f.  /•  To  be  cautious. 

Be-wil'der,  v.  t.  To  puzzle  ; 
to  perplex. 

Be-witch',  V.  t.  To  charm  ; 
to  fascinate  ;  to  enchant. 

Be-witch'ing,  a.  Having 
power  to  charm  ;  fascinat- 
ing, [ernor. 

Bey°(b!\),  n.    A  Turkish  gov- 

Be-y6nd',  prep.  On  the  fur- 
ther side  of.  —  adv.  At  a 
distance. 

Bez'el,  n.  The  part  of  a  ring 
in  which  the  stone  is  set. 

Bi'as,  n.  Weight  on  one  side ; 
partiality;  propensity.  —  r. 
t.  (8)  To  incline  to  one  side. 

Bib,  n.  A  cloth  worn  by 
children  under  the  chin. 

Bib'ber,  n.    A  drinker. 

Bi'ble,  n.  The  book  that  con- 
tains the  sacred  Scriptures. 

Bib'li-cal,  a.  Relating  to  the 
Bible. 

Bibai-6g/ra-pher,  n.  One 
versed  in  bibliography. 

Bib^li-o-graph'i€-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  a  description  of 
books. 

Bib^li-dg'ra-phy,  n.  A  his- 
tory or  account  of  books. 

Bib/li-o-ma'ni-a-c,  n.  Ono 
who  has  a  rage  for  books. 

Bfb'u-lous,  a.  Apt  to  imbibe. 

BI-g6ph'a-lous,  a.  Having 
two  heads. 

Bick'er,  r.  i.  To  contend 
petulantly  about  trifles. 

Bick'er-ing,  n.  Petulant  con- 
tention. 


s6u,  or,  dQ,  wQlf,  to-Q,  t(5bk ;  <irn,  rjje,  pyill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  epst ;  Q  as  ng ;  tliis. 


BID 


42 


BITING 


Bid,  V.  t.  [pret.  BID,  BADE  ; 
p.  p.  BID,  BIDDEN.]  To  of- 
fer ;  to  command  ;  to  order. 
—  n.  An  offer  of  a  price. 

Bid'den  ( bid^dn ),  p.  p.  of  Bid. 

Bid'ding,  n.  An  invitation  ; 
command  ;  offer  of  price. 

Bide,  V.  t.  To  dwell. —  i).  i. 
To  endure  ;  to  wait  for. 

Bl-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 
every  two  years  ;  continuing 
for  two. years.       [the  dead. 

Bier,  n.    A  carriage  to  bear 

Bi-fa'ri-ous,  a.  In  two  rows. 

Bi'fid,  a.  Opening  with  a 
cleft. 

BPform,  a.  Having  two  forms. 

Bl-fur'-eate,     )  a.  Having 

Bi-fur'-ea-ted,  j  two  forks 
or  branches. 

BPfur-ea'tion,  n.  A  forking 
into  two  branches. 

Big,  n.  Large  ;  great ;  huge ; 
swollen  ;  pregnant. 

Big'a-mist,  n.  One  who  has 
two  wives  or  two  husbands 
at  the  same  time. 

Big'a-my,  n.  Crime  of  hav- 
ing two  wives  or  two  hus- 
bands at  once.  [vessel. 

Big'gin,  n.    A  small  wooden 

Bight  (bit),  n.  Bend  in  a  sea- 
coast  ;  bend  or  coil  of  a  rope. 

Big'ness,  w.    Size  ;  bulk. 

Big'ot,  n.  One  unreasonably 
devoted  to  a  party  or  creed. 

Big'ot-ed  (8),  a.  Illiberal. 

Big'ot-ry,  n.  Excessive  prej- 
udice ;  blind  zeal. 

Bil'ber-ry,  ti.  A  shrub,  and 
its  fruit. 

Bil'bo,  w.    A  rapier  ;  sword. 

BiPbaes  (18),  M.  pL  A  kind  of 
stocks  for  the  feet.  [liver. 

Bile,  71.  A  fluid  secreted  by  the 

Bilge,  n.  The  protuberant 
part  of  a  cask  ;  broadest 
part  of  a  ship's  bottom. — 
^'.  i.  To  leak  from  fracture 
in  the  bilge. 

Bilge'-wa^ter,  n.  Offensive 
water  iri  a  ship's  hold. 

Bil'ia-ry,  a.  Belonging  to, 
or  partaking  of,  the  bile. 

Bi-lm'gual,  a.  Having  or 
ppeaking  two  languages. 

Bil'lous  (bil/yus),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  bile. 


Bilk,  V.  t.  To  defraud;  to 
deceive. 

Bill,  n.  Beak  of  a  bird ;  an 
account ;  a  note ;  draft  of  a 
law  or  act.  —  v.    To  caress. 

Bil'let,  n.  A  small  note  or 
letter;  a  stick  of  wood. — 
V.  t.  To  quarter,  as  soldiers 
in  private  houses. 

Billet-doux  (bil/le-d(7o'),  n. 
A  love-letter. 

Bill'iard§,  n.  pi.  A  game 
played  on  a  kind  of  table 
with  balls  and  sticks. 

BilPing§-gate,  w.  Foul  lan- 
guage. 

Bill'ion  (biFyun),  n.  In  Eng. 
a  million  of  millions ;  in 
Ayner.  a  thousand  millions. 

BiPlow,  n.    A  large  wave. 

BiP16w-y,  a.  Swelling  like 
a  wave.  [commodity. 

Bin,  n.    A  repository  for  any 

Bi'na-ry,  a.  Composed  of  two. 

Bi'nate,  a.  Being  in  couples. 

Bind,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.p. 
BOUND.]  To  tie;  to  con- 
fine ;  to  restrain ;  to  oblige 
by  kindness ;  to  confirm  ;  to 
form  a  border  round  ;  to 
make  costive.  —  v.  i.  To  be- 
come contracted  ;  to  be  ob- 
ligatory. 

Bind'er,  n.  One  who  binds 
books.  [ing  books. 

Bind'er-y,  n.  Place  for  bind- 

Bind'ing,  n.  A  bandage  ; 
cover  of  a  book. 

Bin'na-ele,  n.  Com- 
pass-box  of  a  ship. 

Bi-no-e'u-lar,  a. 
Having  two  eyes.  i^W^^ 

Bi-no'mi-al,  a.  Hav-  f^^^M 
ing  two  names.  I 

Bi-6g'ra-pher,  n.  A  \m^^ 
writer    of     biog-  Nn.*^ 
raphy.  Binnacle. 

Bi^o-graph'i-e-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  history  of  a  per- 
son's life. 

Bi-6g'ra-phy,  n.  A  history 
of  one's  life  and  character. 

Bi-61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of  life. 

Bi-par'tite,  or  Bip'ar-tite, 
a.  Capable  of  being  divided 
into  two  parts. 

BPpar-ti'tion  (-tlsh/un),  n. 
Division  into  two  parts. 


BT'ped,  n.  An  animal  having 

only  two  feet. 
Bi-quad'rate,  n.  The  fourth 

power ;  square  of  a  square. 
Bi/quad-rat'i€,  a.  Relating 

to  the  fourth  power  of  a 

quantity.  [species. 
Birch,  n.  A  tree  of  several 
Birch'en,  a.  Made  of  birch. 
Bird,  n.    A  feathered,  flying 

animal.  [keep  birds  in. 

Bird'-eage,  n.  A  cage  to 
Bird'§'-eye,  a.  Seen  as  if  by 

a  flying  bird  above. 
Bird'-lime,  n.    A  glutinous 

substance  to  catch  birds. 
Birth,  n.    The  act  of  coming 

into  life  ;  lineage ;  origin. 
Birth'day,  n.    Bay,  or  anni- 
versary of  the  day,  of  one's 

birth.  [one  is  born. 

Birth'-plage,  n.  Place  where 
Birth'- right  (-rTt),  n.  The 

right  or  privilege  to  which 

one  is  bom. 
Bis'-euit  (-kit),  n.    A  kind  of 

small  baked  cake. 
Bi-s6et',  V.  t.    To  divide  into 

two  (usually  equal)  parts. 
Bi-se-e'tion,  n.    A  division 

into  two  equal  parts. 
Bi-seg'ment,  n.   One  of  the 

parts  of  any  thing  bisected. 
Bi  sh'op ,  n .  Head  of  a  diocese. 
Bish'op-ri-e,  n.  Jurisdiction 

of  a  bishop  ;  a  diocese. 
Big'muth,  n.      A  reddishv 

white  metal. 

larl y  cafied  "  -r^.  ' 
buffalo.  ^'^0°- 

Bis-sgx'tile,  n.  Leap-year. 

Bis'ter,  )  n.    A  brown  paint 

Bis'tre, )     made  of  soot. 

Bit,  n.  The  iron  mouth- 
piece of  a  bridle  ;  a  morsel  j 
a  boring-tocl. 

Bitch,  n.    A  she-dog. 

Bite,  f.  t.  [imp.  BIT  ;  p.  p. 
BITTEN.]  To  seize  or  crush 
with  the  teeth  ;  to  cheat ;  to 
trick. — n.   Act  of  biting. 

Bit'ing  (11),  a.  Sharp  ;  se- 
vere :  sarcastic ;  caustic. 


5,e,I,o,u,y,Zong'/        i,  6,G, 


short;  cSre,  car,  ^sk,  all,  wh^t ;  Sre,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pYque,  fTrmi 


BITTEN 


43 


BLISTER 


Bit'ten  {hWtn),p.  p.  of  Bite, 

BIt'ter,  a.  Having  a  peculiar, 
acrid,  biting  taste  ;  sharp  ; 
vsevere;  afflictive. 

Bit'tern,  n.  A  wading-bird 
allied  to  the  heron. 

Bit'ter-ness,  n.  A  bitter 
taste.  [drink. 

Bit'ter§,  n.  pi.      A  bitter 

Bi-tu'men,  n.  An  inflamma- 
ble substance  of  a  strong 
smell.  [bitumen. 

Bi-tu'mi-nous,  a.  Containing 

Bi'valve,  n.  That  which  has 
two  valves.  [valves. 

Bi-vaiv'u-lar,  a.  Having  two 

Biv'ouS,€  (biv/wak),  v.  i.  To 
be  on  watch  all  night,  as  an 
army.  —  n.  A  watching  by- 
night,  as  of  a  whole  army. 

BlS.b,  V.  To  tell  a  secret ;  to 
tattle.  —  n.   A  tell-tale. 

B13,ck,  a.  Destitute  of  light ; 
very  dark  ;  cloudy  ;  dismal. 
—  71.  A  negro  ;  the  darkest 
of  colors.  —  V.  t.  To  make 
black  ;  to  blacken, 

B13,ck'a-mobr,  n.  A  negro. 

Bl^ck'-art,  n.  Magic. 

Bl^ck'ball,  n.  A  composition 
for  blackening  shoes  ;  a  ball 
of  black  color  used  as  a  neg- 
ative in  voting. — v.  t.  To 
reject  by  black  ballots. 

Bl^ck'bgr-ry,  n.  The  berry 
of  the  bramble. 

Black'bird,  n.  A  kind  of 
singing  bird  of  a  black  color. 

Black'b5ard,  n.  A  board 
painted  black  used  for  writ- 
ing on  with  chalk. 

Biack'-c3,t'tle,  n.  pi.  Oxen, 
cows,  &c.,  of  any  color. 

Bl^iCk'en,  V.  To  make  or  grow 
black  ;  to  defame. 

Bl&ck'guard  (blag^gard),  n. 
A  person  who  uses  foul  lan- 
guage, [black. 

B13.ck'ish,    a.  Somewhat 

B13,ck'-lead,  n.  A  mineral ; 
plumbago. 

B13.ck'leg,  n.  A  notorious 
gambler  and  cheat ;  sharper. 

BiackMet^ter,  n.  The  old 
English  letter  or  character. 

Biack'ness,  n.  A  black 
color,     [who  works  in  iron. 

B13,ck'sinith,  n.     A  smith 


Biack'thdrn,  n.  A  spiny 
plant  used  for  hedges. 

BIM'der,  n.  A  vessel  in  the 
body  containing  some  liquid, 
as  the  urine. 

Blade,  n.  A  spire  of  grass  ; 
cutting  part  of  an  instru- 
ment ;  flat  part  of  an  oar. 

Blain,  n.   A  blister;  blotch. 

Blam'a-ble  (11),  a.  Deserving 
blame  ;  culpable  ;  faulty. 

Blame,  v.  t.  To  censure  ;  to 
charge  with  a  fault. — n. 
Expression  of  disapproba- 
tion ;  imputation  of  a  fjiult. 

Blame'less,  a.  Without 
blame. 

Blame 'wor-thy  (-wur/thy), 
a.  Deserving  blame  ;  cen- 
surable. 

Blanch,  v.  To  whiten  ;  to  peel. 

Blanc-mange' (blo-monj'),  n. 
A  preparation  of  isinglass, 
milk,  sugar,  &c.,  boiled. 

Bl§.nd,  a.  Courteous  ;  mild  ; 
soft ;  gentle. 

B13,nd'ish,  v.  t.  To  smooth  ; 
to  soften  ;  to  caress. 

B15,nd'ish-ment,  n.  Soothing 
words ;  artful  caresses. 

B13.nk,  a.  White  ;  pale  ;  un- 
written ;  without  rhyme.  — 
n.    Any  void  space. 

Blank'et,  n.  A  woolen  cov- 
ering for  a  bed. 

Blar'ney,M.  Smooth,  deceit- 
ful talk ;  flattery. 

Blas-pheme',  v.  t.  To  speak 
impiously  of,  as  of  God.  — 
V.  i.  To  utter  blasphemy. 

Blas'phe-mous,  a.  Contain- 
ing bl.asphemy. 

Blas'phe-my,  71.  Language 
uttered  impiously  against 
God  or  sacred  things. 

Blast,  n.  A  di^structivewind  ; 
a  forcible  stream  of  air ; 
blight;  explosion  of  powder. 
—  V.  f:  To  cause  to  wither  ; 
to  split  vs^ith  powder;  to 
injure.  [calf. 

Bla'tant,  a.    Bellowing,  as  a 

Blaze,  1'.  i.  To  shine  or  burn 
with  flame.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
public.  —  n.    A  flame. 

Bla'zon  (bla/zn),  v.  t.  To  dis- 
play with  ostentation.  —  n. 
The  art  of  heraldry  ;  show. 


Bla^zon-ry,  n.     The  art  of 

describing  coats  of  arms. 
Bleach,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  Ayhiten. 
Bleach'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
bleaching.  [less. 
Bleak,  a.  Open  ;  cold  ;  cheer- 
Blear,  a.  Dim  or  sore  with 
rheum. 

Blear'-eyed  (-Id),  a.  Having 
eyes  dim  with  rheum. 

Bleat,  V.  To  cry  like  a  sheep. 

Bleat,       )  n.    The  cry  of  a 

Bleat'ing,  j    sheep  or  lamb. 

Bleed,  v.  i.  [iinp.  &  p.  p. 
BLED.]    To  let  blood. 

Blem'ish,  v.  t.  To  disfigui-e  ; 
to  tarnish  ;  to  defame.  —  n. 
Mark  of  deformity ;  dis- 
grace ;  taint.  [flinch. 

Blench,  v.  t.    To  shrink;  to 

Blend,  v.  t.  To  confound  in 
a  mass  ;  to  mingle  together. 

Bless,  V.  t.    [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BLE.SSED  or  BLEST.]  To 
make  happy  ;  to  wish  hap- 
piness to  ;  to  praise.  [ly 

Bless'ed,  a.  Happy  ;  heaven- 
Bless 'ing,  n.  Divine  favor ; 
benediction. 

B16st,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Bless. 

Blew(blu)  imp.  of  Blow. 

Blight  (bllt),n.  A  disease; 
mildew;  decay.  —  v.  t.  To 
affect  with  blight ;  to  blast. 

Blind,  a.  Destitute  of  sight ; 
dark;  obscure. — v.  t.  To 
prevent  from  seeing ;  to 
darken.  — n.  Any  thing  that 
intercepts  the  sight. 

Blmd'fold,  a.  Having  the 
eyes  covered.  —  v.  t.  To 
cover  the  eyes  of. 

Bllnd'-man's-buff'',  n.  A 
kind  of  gaine.  [ignorance, 

Blind'ness,  n.  Want  of  sight ; 

Blmd'-side,  n.  The  side  most 
assailable  ;  foible  ;  weakness. 

Blink,  V.  i.  To  wink  ;  to  see 
darkly.  — v.  t.  To  avoid ;  to 
evade. — n.  Glimpse  ;  glance  5 
a  dazzling  whiteness. 

Bliss,  n.  The  highest  happi- 
ness ;  felicity.  [blessed. 

Bliss'ful  (17),  a.  Very  happy  ; 

Blis'ter,  n.  A  thin  watery 
bladder  on  the  skin.  —  v.  t. 
To  raise  blisters  upon, —  v.  i. 
To  rise  in  blisters. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  tcTo,  tdbk ;  dm,  rjje,  p\,ill;  p,  ^,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard ;      ;  ejist ;  n  as  ng;  this. 


BLTTHE 

Blithe,  \  a.  Gay  ;  mer- 

Blithe'sdme,  j  ry  ;  joyous. 

Bloat,  V.  t.  To  cause  to 
swell.  — V.  i.    To  puff  up. 

Bloat'ed,  a.  Puffed  ;  swelled. 

Block,  n.  A  piece  of  wood, 
stone,  &c.  ;  a  pulley.  — v.  t. 
To  shut  or  stop  up. 

Block-ade',  n.  The  shutting 
up  of  a  place  by  troops  or 
ships.  —  V.  t.  To  surround 
with  a  force  ;  to  shut  up. 

Block'head,  n.  A  person  of 
dull  intellect,  [wooden  fort. 

B16ck'-house,  n.    A  sort  of 

BI6ck'ish,  a.  Stupid. 

Blood  (blQd),  n.  The  red 
fluid  which  circulates  in  an- 
imals ;  kindred  ;  race  ;  life. 

Blood'-guilVi-ness,  n.  Guilt 
of  shedding  blood  unlaw- 
fully. 

Blood'-heat,  n.  Heat  of  the 
same  degree  as  the  blood. 

Blood'-hound, 
n.  A  ferocious 
kind  of  dog. 

Blood'less,  a. 
Without  blood.  Blood-hound. 

Blood'shed,  n.  Slaughter. 

B16od'sh6t,  a.  Red  and  in- 
flamed with  blood. 

B16od'-suck/er,  n.  A  leech  ; 
a  cruel  man.  [blood. 

Blood'-thirst^y,  a.  Eager  for 

Blood'-ves^sel,  n.  An  artery 
or  vein.  [blood. 

Blood'y,  a.     Stained  with 

Bloom,  n.  Blossom;  flower; 
the  flush  on 'the  cheek;  a 
mass  of  crude  iron. — v.  t. 
To  yield  blossoms. 

Bloom'ing,  a.  Thriving  with 
youth,  health, and  beauty. 

Bloom'y,  a.    Full  of  bloom. 

Blos'soin,  n.  The  flower  of  a 
plant.  —V.  i.  To  put  forth 
blossoms. 

Blot  (7),  V.  t.  To  stain;  to 
spot ;  to  efface.  —  n.  Spot. 

Blotch,  n.  An  inflamed  spot 
on  the  skin.  —  v.  t.  To 
mark  with  spots. 

Blot'ter,  71.    A  waste-book. 

Blouse,  )  n.    A  light,  loose 

Blowse,  i     outer  garment. 

Blov7,  n.  A  stroke ;  calam- 
ity ;  egg  of  a  fly. — v.  i.  [imp. 


44 

BLEW  ;  p.  p.  BLOWN.]  To 
make  a  current  of  air ;  to 
pant ;  to  puff ;  to  breathe  ; 
to  blossom.  — V.  t.  To  drive 
by  a  current  of  air ;  to  de- 
posit, as  flies  their  eggs. 

Blow'er,  n.  A  plate  of  iron 
to  increase  a  current  of  air. 

Blow'-pipe,  n.  A  tube  by 
which  a  current  of  air  is 
forced  through  flame  upon 
any  substance. 

Blowze,  n.    A  ruddy  woman. 

Blow'zy,  a.    Ruddy  and  fat, 

Blub'ber,  n.    Fat  of  whales. 

—  V.  i.  To  weep  so  as  to 
swell  the  cheeks.  [club. 

Blud'geon,  n.  A  short,  thick 
Blue,  a.  Of  a  color  called 
blue.  —  n.  One  of  the  seven 
primary  colors. — v.  t.  To 
dye,  stain,  or  make  blue. 
Blues,  n.  pi.  Lowness  of 
spirits.  [ary  lady. 

Blue'-stockdng,  n.    A  liter- 
Bluff,  a.     Roughly  frank  ; 
steep  ;  bold.  —  n.    A  steep 
bank  overhanging  the  sea  or 
a  river,  [degree. 
BJu'ish,  a.    Blue  in  a  small 
iSlun'der,  v.  i.    To  mistake 
grossly.  —  n.    A  gross  mis- 
take. —  Syn.    Error;  bull. 
Blun'der-buss,  n.   A  short 

gun  with  large  bore. 
Blun'der-head,  n.    A  stupid 
person. 

Blunt,  a.    Dull  on  the  edge 

or   point ;    rough  ;    rude ; 

abrupt.  —  V.  t.     To  dull ; 

to  depress  ;  to  weaken, 
Blunt'ly,  adv.    In  a  blunt 

manner. 
Blur,  n.  A  blot ;  spot ;  stain. 

—  V.  t.  (7)  To  obscure 
without  quite  effacing;  to 
stain  ;  to  spot.  [vertently. 

Blurt,  V.  t.    To  utter  inad- 

Blush,  V.  i.  To  redden  in  the 
face.  —  n.  A  sudden  red- 
dening of  the  cheeks. 

Blush'ing,  n.  Act  of  turning 
red. — a.  Reddish. 

Blus'ter(8),  ^•.  i.  To  roar;  to 
boast ;  to  bully.  —  n.  A 
roar  ;  tumult ;  swagger. 

Blus'ter-ing,  n.  Tumult ; 
noise  ;  boasting. 


BOIL 

Bo'i  (18),  n.  The  largest 
kind  of  serpent,  —  often 
called  Boa  constrictor  j  a 
tippet. 

Boar,  n.    A  male  swine. 

Board,  n.  A  piece  of  timber 
sawed  thin  and  broad ;  a 
table  ;  food ;  a  council ;  deck 
of  a  ship.  —  V.  t.  To  lay 
with  boards  ;  to  enter  by 
force,  as  a  ship  ;  to  feed.  — 
V.  i.    To  receive  food. 

Board'er,  n.  One  who  boards. 

Board'ing-s€hdbl,  n.  A 
school  where  the  pupils 
board  with  the  teacher. 

Boast,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  talk  os- 
tentatiously ;  to  vaunt.  —  n. 
A  vaunting  speech. 

Boast'ful,  a.  Given  to  boast- 
ing ;  vainglorious. 

Boat,  n.    A  small  open  vessel. 

Boat'iiian  (21),  n.  One  who 
manages  a  boat. 

B5at'swain  (bo^'sn),  n.  An 
officer  in  a  ship,  who  has 
charge  of  boats,  rigging,  &c. 

Bob,  n.  Any  thing  that  plays 
loosely,  as  at  the  end.  of  a 
string. 

B6b'bin,  n.     A  small  pin  on 

which  thread  is  wound  for 

makjng  lace. 
Bdb'tail,  n.    A  short  tail. 
Bock'ing,  n.  A  kind  of  baize. 
Bode,  V.  t.  To  presage.  — v.  i. 

To  be  an  omen. 
Bod'ige,  or  Bbd'dige,  n.  A 

sort  of  stays  ;  corset. 
B6d'i-ly  (13),  a.    Relating  to 

the  body. 
Bdd'kin,  n.     An  instrument 

for  making  holes  ;  a  dagger. 
Bod'y,  n.     The  whole  trunk 

of  an  animal ;  person  ;  main 

part ;  bulk  ;  mass  ;  system. 

—  v.  t.  To  give  a  body  or 
form  to.  [the  person. 

Bod'y-guard,  n.  A  guard  of 

Bog,  n.    A  fen  or  morass. 

Bog'gle,  V.  i.  Sc  t.  To  hesi- 
tate from  fear  of  difficulties. 

B6g'gy,  a.  Marshy  ;  swampy. 

Bo-hea',  n.  A  coarse  kind  of 
black  tea. 

Boil,  n.  A  sore  swelling.  —  v. 
i.  To  bubble  through  heat. 

—  v.t.    To  cause  to  boil. 


a,  e,  T,  5,  u,  y,  long  ;  5,  g,  I,  6,  Q, 


,  f  y  short ;  care, car,  ask,  gU,  whg,t ;  ere,  Tfiil,  tSnn ;  pYque,  firm ; 


BOILER 


45 


BOUND 


;e  pill. 

'A 


Boil'er,  n.  A  vessel  for  boil- 
ing, [noisy. 

Bois'ter-ous,  a.      Tiolent ; 

Bold,  a.  Having  or  requiring 
courage.  —  Syn.  Coura- 
geous ;  brave ;  valiant. 

Baid'ness,  n.  Courage  ;  con- 
fidence ;  impudence. 

Bole,n.  Stem  of  a  tree;  a 
kind  of  fine  clay. 

Boll,  n.  A  pod ;  a  seed-vessel. 

—  V.  i.  To  form  into  a 
round  pod. 

Bol'stcr,  n.  A  long  pillow.  — 
V.  t.    To  pad  ;  to  support. 

Bolt,  n.  Bar  for  fastening; 
an  arrow  ;  lightning  ;  a 
piece  of  canvas  of  38  yards. 

—  V.  t.    To  fasten;  to  sift. 

—  V.  i.  To  leave  suddenly  ; 
to  swallow  hastily. 

Bolt'er,  n.  A  sieve  to  sepa- 
rate Hour  from  bran. 

Bo'lus,  n.    A  large  pill, 

Bomb  (bum),  n. 
An  iron  shell  to 
be  filled  with 
powder  and  dis- 
charged from  a 
mortar.  Bomb. 

Bom-bard',  v.  t.  To  attack 
with  bombs. 

Bom^bar-dier',  n.  One  who 
serves  a  mortar. 

Bom-bard'ment,  n.  An  at- 
tack with  bombs. 

Bom/ba-sine',  I  n.   A  slight 

Bom/ba-zine',  (  twilled  stuff. 

Bom'bast  (biSm/biist),  n. 
High  sounding  language. 

Bom'bast,      )  a.  Consisting 

Bom-b^st'i-e,  j  of  swelling 
words.  [woolen  stuff. 

Bom'ba-zgtte',  n.    A  thin 

Bomb'-ketch  (bum'-),  n.  A 
ship  to  carry  bombs. 

B6nd,  n.  Any  thing  that 
binds  ;  cord  :  chain  ;  un- 
ion ;  an  obligation  in  writ- 
ing.—  v.t.  To  secure  by 
bond.  —  a.  In  a  servile 
state  ;  captive 

Bond'age,  n.  Slavery  ;  cap- 
tivity, [slave. 

BSnd'maid,  n.     A  woman 

BSnd'man,  n.    A  man  slave 

B6nd'-serv/ant,  n.   A  slave. 

B6nds'man  (21),   n.  One 


bound  as  surety  for  an- 
other, [slave. 

E6nd'wgm-an,  n.    A  female 

Bone,  n.  Solid  frame  of  an  an- 
imal ,  or  a  piece  of  this  frame. 

B6n'fire,M.  A  triumphal  tire. 

Bon-mot'  (bong-moO,  n.  A 
witty  speech  ;  a  jest. 

B6n'net,  n.  A  covering  for 
the  head.  [ry  ;  gay. 

B6n'ny,a.  Handsome;  mer- 

Bo'nus,  n.  A  premium,  as  on 
a  loan  or  other  privilege. 

Bo'ny,  a.    Full  of  bones. 

Bob'by,  n.  A  dunce  ;  a  bird. 

Book,  n.  A  volume  ;  a  work, 
or  a  definite  part  of  a  work. 

—  V.  t.  To  enter  in  a  book. 
Bdbk'-bind^er,  n.    One  who 

binds  books.  [books. 
Bdbk'-casc,  n.  A  ^ase  for 
Bdbk'ish,a.    Much  given  to 

books  or  study. 
Bdbk'-keep'er,  n."  A  keeper 

of  account-books. 
Bobk'-keep^ing,    n.  The 

keeping  of  accounts. 
Bobk'-selPer,  n.    One  who 

sells  books,  [close  student. 
Book' worm  (-wOnn),  n.  A 
Boom,  n.    A  spar  to  extend 

the  bottom  of  a  sail ;  a  bar 

across  a  river  or  harbor.  — 

V.  i.    To  rush  and  roar. 
Boon,  a.    Gay  ;  merry  ;  kind. 

—  n.  A  gift  ;  pre.«;ent; 
grant;  favor.  [man. 

Boor,  n.    A  clown  ;  country- 

Bdbr'ish,  a.  Clownish  ;  rustic. 

Bob'§y,  a.  Tipsy  ;  intoxicated. 

Boot,  V.  t.  To  profit ;  to  put  on 
boots.  — n.  Profit ;  a  cover- 
ing for  the  leg  and  foot; 
part  of  a  coach. 

Bdbt-ee',  n.   A  short  boot. 

Booth,  n.  A  temporary  shel- 
ter of  slight  construction. 

Boot'-jack,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  pulling  off  boots. 

Bobt'less,  a.  Unprofitable. 

Bobt'-tree,  n.  A  sort  of  last 
to  shape  a  boot  on. 

Bobt'y,  n.  Pillage  :  plunder. 

Bo'rax,  n.  A  compound  of 
a  certain  acid  and  soda. 

Bor'der,  n.  An  edge  ;  bound- 
ary. —  V.  t.  To  adorn  with 
a  border.  — v.  i.    To  make 


a  border ;  to  be  near  or  con- 
tiguous. 

Bore,  V.  t.  To  make  a  hole 
in  ;  to  pierce  ;  to  weary. — 
n.  A  hole  made  by  boring ; 
a  tiresome  i)erson. 

Bore,  imp.  of  Bear. 

Bo're-as,n.  The  north  wind. 

Born,  p.  p.  of  Bear.  Brought 
forth. 

Borne,  p.  p.  of  Bear.  Carried. 

Bor'dugh  (biir''o),  7i.  A  cor- 
poration-town. 

B6r'r6w,  v.  t.  To  take  the 
use  of  for  a  time. 

B6ss,  n.    A  stud  ;  a  knob. 

B6'som(bobz/um), n.  Breast; 
heart ;  any  receptacle.  — v. 
t.  To  conceal ;  to  inclose. 

Bo-tan'i-c,      1  a.  Relating 

Bo-tan'i€-al, )     to  plants. 

B6t'a-nist,  71.  A  person  who  is 
skilled  in  plants. 

B6t'a-nize,  v.  i.  To  study 
plants. 

B6t'a-ny,  n.  Science  that 
treats  of  plants. 

B6tch,  71.  Swelling ;  pustule ; 
work  ill-finished.  — v.  t.  To 
mend  clumsily.  [botches. 

BStch'y,  a.     Covered  with 

Both,  a.  The  one  and  the 
other  ;  the  two.  [Used  also 
as  a  prnn.  and  a  coixi.] 

BSth'er,  v.  t.    To  perplex. 

'^ois.n.pl.  Small  worms  in 
the  intestines  of  horses. 

B6t'tle,  n  .  A  narrow-mouthed 
ve.*;sel  for  licj^uor.  — v.  t.  To 
put  into  bottles. 

Bot'tom,  n.  The  lowest  part; 
the  ground  under  water  ; 
foundation  ;  a  valley  ;  dregs  ; 
a  ship.  [bottom. 

Bdt'tom-less,  a.    Without  a 

B6t'tom-ry,  n.  The  act  of 
borrowing  money  on  a  ship. 

Bcii'doir  (bob/dw6r),  n.  A 
small  private  apartment. 

Bough  (bou),  ri.    A  branch. 

Bought  (bawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Buy.  Purchased. 

Bounge,  v.  ?.  To  leap  ;  to 
spring.  —  n.  A  leap  ;  sud- 
den noise ;  a  boast. 

Bound,  V.  t.  To  limit ;  to  re- 
strain ;  to  inclose.  —  v.  i. 
To  spring;    to  jump. —  a. 


86n,  or.  do.  wolf,  t(7o.  tdbk  :  tirn,  rue,  pyll ;  c,     sojl ;  €,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng  ; 


this. 


BOUNDARY 


46 


BRAZEN 


Destined  ;  going  to.  — n.  A 
b.triier  ;  limit ;  leap. 

Bound'a-ry,  n.  A  limit ; 
mark  ;  barrier. 

Bound'en,  a.  Required  ;  ne- 
cessary,     [witiiout  bound. 

Bound'less,  a.     Unlimited  ; 

Boun'te-ous,  a.  Liberal  ; 
kind  ;  bountiful. 

Boun'ti-ful  (13, 17),  a.  Lib- 
eral ;  generous. 

Boun'ty,  n.  Liberality  in 
giving;  generosity;  munifi- 
cence ;  a  premium. 

Bpu-quet'  (boo-ka/),  n.  A 
bunch  of  flowers  ;  a  nosegay. 
.  Bour-geois'  (bur-joisO,  n.  A 
kind  of  printing  type. 

Bourgeois  type. 

B5urn,  n.    A  bound  ;  limit. 

Bourse,  n.  A  French  Ex- 
change. 

Bout,  n.  A  turn  ;  trial ;  essay. 

Bo'vine,  a.  Relating  to  cattle. 

Bow  (bou),  V.  To  bend  down. 
—  n.  Act  of  reverence  or 
respect;  rounding  part  of  a 
ship's  side  forward. 

Bow,  n.  An  instrument  to 
shoot  arrows  ;  any  thing 
curved.  [bowels  of. 

Bow'el,  V.  t.   To  take  out  the 

Bow'el§,n./>Z.  The  intestines ; 
entrails. 

Bow'er,  n.  An  arbor ;  anchor 
at  the  bow. 

Bo\y'er-y,  a.  Full  of  bow- 
ers ;  shady. 

B5w'ie-knlfe  (b5/e-nTf),  n. 
A  long  knife  or  dagger. 

Bowl,  n.  A  deep  vessel ;  a 
round  ball  of  wood.  —  v.  t. 
To  roll  along  as  a  bowl.  — 
V.  i.    To  play  at  bowls. 

Bow'-legged,  a.  Having 
crooked  legs.  [of  rock. 

BowPder,  n.  A  roundish  mass 

Bow'line,  n.  A  rope  to  hold 
a  sail  to  the  wind. 

B6wl'ing-S,iaey,  n.  A  place 
to  play  at  bowls. 

B5wl'ing-green,  w.  A  green 
for  bowlers. 

Bow'man  (21), n.  An  archer. 

B5w'sprit,  n.  A  spar  project- 
ing from  a  ship's  head. 

Bow'string,  n.    A  string  for 


a  bow  ;  a  Turkish  punish- 
ment, [ing  window. 

Bow'-win^dow,  n.  A  project- 

B6x,  n.  A  tree ;  a  wooden 
case ;  a  blow  on  the  ear  ;  a 
plant  ;  a  driver's  seat.  —  v. 
To  put  in  a  box  ;  to  strike. 

B6x'er,  n.  One  who  fights 
with  the  fists  ;  a  pugilist. 

Boy,  n.  A  male  child  ;  a  lad. 

Boy'h(5bd,n.  State  of  a  boy. 

Boy'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
like,  a  boy. 

Brage,  n.  That  which  holds 
or  binds  ;  a  bandage  ;  a 
strap  ;  a  piece  of  timber  ;  a 
pair.  —  V.  t.  To  bind;  to 
tie  ;  to  tighten  ;  to  furnish 
with  braces. 

Brage'let,  n.  An  ornament 
for  the  wrist. 

Bra-€hyg'ra-phy,  n.  Short- 
hand writing. 

Brack'et,  n.  A  small  support 
of  wood;  {pi.)  hooks,  thus 
[  ],  for  inclosing  words. 

Brack'ish,  a.   Saltish  ;  salt. 

BrS,€t,  n.  A  small  leaf  or  set 
of  leaves.         [out  a  head. 

BrM,  n.  A  slender  nail  with- 

Brag  (7),  y.  t.  To  boast  ;  to 
swagger  ;  to  vaunt.  —  n.  A 
boast  ;  a  game  at  cards. 

Brag'ga-do'ci-o  (-shi-o),  n.  A 
vain  boaster. 

Brag'gart,  n.  A  boaster  ;  a 
vain  fellow. — a.  Boastful. 

Brah'min,  n.  A  Hindoo 
priest. 

Braid  (8),  v.  t.  To  weave  or 
plait,  as  several  strands  to 
form  one.  —  n.  Something 
braided  ;  a  sort  of  lace. 

Brain,  n.  Soft  substance  with- 
in the  skull,  which  is  the 
seat  of  sensation  and  intel- 
lect ;  the  understanding  ; 
fancy.  —  v.  t.  To  beat  out 
the  brains  of. 

Brain'-pan,  n.  The  skull. 

Brake,  old  imp.  of  Break.  — 
11.  Instrument  for  dressing 
flax  ;  a  contrivance  for  stop- 
ping wheels  ;  a  fern. 

Brake'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
manages  the  brake  on  rail- 
way carriages.  [shrub. 

Braiia'ble,  n.       A  prickly 


BrAn,  M.  Outer  coats  of  grain 
separated  from  the  flour. 

Branch,  n.  A  limb  ;  a  bough  ; 
a  shoot ;  offspring. — v.  To 
divide  into  branches. 

Branch'let,  n.  A  little 
branch.  [es. 

Branch'y,  a.  Full  of  branch- 
Brand,  V.  t.  To  burn  with  a 
hot  iron ;  to  stigmatize.  — 
n.  A  burnt  piece  of  wood  ; 
an  iron  to  burn  the  figure 
of  letters  ;  the  mark  burnt ; 
a  stigma  ;  a  sword. 

Br^n'dish,  v.  t.  To  wave  ;  to 
flourish,  as  a  weapon. — n. 
A  flourish.  [new. 

Brand'-new,  a.  Perfectly 

Bran'dy,  n.  A  spirit  distilled 
from  wine,  cider,  or  fruit. 

Bran'gle  (brang/gl),  n.  A 
brawl.  —  V.  i.  To  wrangle. 

Bra'§ier  (bra^zhur),  n.  One 
who  works  in  brass  ;  a  pan 
for  holding  coals. 

Brass,  n.  A  yellow  alloy  of 
copper  and  zinc ;  impudence. 

Brass'y,  a.  Made  of  brass. 

Brat,  n.  A  child  ;  —  in  con- 
tempt. 

Bra-va/do,  w.  An  arrogant 
threat ;  a  boasting  fellow. 

Brave,  a.  Fearless  of  danger. 
—  Syn.  Courageous;  gal- 
lant ;  valiant ;  bold  ;  in- 
trepid.—  n.  An  Indian  war- 
rior. —  r.  t.  To  encounter 
with  firmness  ;  to  defy.  [ism. 

Brav'er-y,  n.  Courage  ;  hero- 

Bra'vo,  n.  A  daring  villain. 

Bra'vo,  inter j.  Well  done  ! 

Brawl,  ^'.  i.  To  make  a  great 
noise  ;  to  quarrel  noisily.  — 
n.  A  quarrel ;  squabble. 

Brawl'er,  n.  A  wrangler  ;  a 
noisy  fellow. 

Brawn,  n.  A  .boar's  flesh  ; 
the  arm. 

Brawn'y,  a.  Having  large, 
strong  muscles  ;  muscular. 

Bray,  v.  t.  To  beat  in  a  mor- 
tar. —  V.  i.  To  make  a  harsh 
noise  like  an  ass.  —  n.  Cry 
of  an  ass.    [der  with  brass. 

Braze,  v.  t.    To  cover  or  sol- 

Bra'zen  (bra^zn),  a.  Made  of 
brass;  bold.  —  v.i.  To  be 
impudent. 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long;  5,  e,  i,  6,  u,  y,  short ;  cOre,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  v^il,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


BRAZEN-FACED 


47 


BRINY 


Bra'zen-faQed  (bra^zn-fast), 

a.   Impudent  ;  bold. 
Bra'zier  (brii/zhur),  n.  See 

Brasier. 
Breach,  n.   A  gap  ;  quarrel. 
Breach'y,  a.    Apt  to  break 

fences ;  unruly. 
Br6ad,  71.  Food  made  of  flour ; 

support  of  life. 
BrSadth,  n.  Width  ;  measure 

from  side  to  side. 
Break,  v.  t.  [itnp.  broke  ; 

p.   p.    BROKE,  BROKEN.] 

To  part  or  open  by  force  ; 

to  rend  ;  to  crush  ;  to  tame  ; 

to  make  bankrupt ;  to  re- 
move from  office.  —  v.  i.  To 

part  in  two ;  to  burst ;  to 

become  a  bankrupt.  —  n. 

An  opening ;  breach  ;  pause  ; 

failure.  [things  broken. 
Break'a^e,  n.  Allowance  for 
Break'er,  n.  One  who  breaks  ; 

a   rock   on  which  waves 

break  ;  the  wave  so  broken. 
Br6ak'fast,  n.  The  first  meal 

in  the  day.  —  v.  i.    To  eat 

breakfast. 
Break'neck.n.  A  precipitous 

or  steep  place. 
Break'wa-ter,  n.   A  wall  to 

break  the  force  of  the  waves. 
Bream,  v.  t.  To  cleanse,  as  a 

ship's  bottom.  —  n.  A  fish. 
Breast,  n.  Part  of  the  body. 

—  V.  t.  To  meet  in  front. 
BrSast'-bone,  n.    Bone  of 

the  breast. 
Breast'pin,  n.  A  pin  to  wear 

on  the  breast. 
Breast'-  plate,  n.  Armor  for 

the  breast. 
Breast'work  (-wQrk),  n.  A 

low  parapet  for  defense. 
Breath,  n.  Air  respired  ;  life ; 

breeze. 

Breathe,  v.  i.  To  respire ;  to 

live  ;  to  utter  softly.  — v.  t. 

To  exhale. 
Breath'ing,  n.  Respiration  ; 

aspiration  ;  vent. 
Breath'less,a.  Out  of  breath. 
Bred,  hnp.  &  p.  p.  of  Breed. 
Breech,  n.    The  lower  part 

of  the  body.  —  v.  t.   To  put 

into  breeches. 
Breech'e§  (brich^'ez),  n.  A 

lower  garment  worn  by  men. 


Breech'lng   (brich/lng),  n. 

Hinder  part  of  a  harness. 
:  Breed,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BRED.]  To  give  birth  to  ;  to 
generate  ;  to  hatch  ;  to  bring 
up  ;  to  educate.  —  v.  i.  To 
be  with  young.  —  n.  Otf- 
spring;  progeny. 

Breed'ing,  n.  Education  ; 
nurture  ;  manners. 

Breeze,  n.  A  gentle  wind. 

Breth'ren  (23),  n.,  pi.  of 
Brother. 

Bre-^St',  w*-  A  commission 
which  entitles  an  officer  to 
rank  above  his  pay. 

Br^'yi-a' ry,  n.  Prayer-book 
of  the  llomaa  Catholic 
church.  [ing  type. 

Bre-vier',  n.  A  small  print- 
s'" Brevier  type. 

Br§v'i-ty,  n.  Conciseness. 
Brew  (brjj),  v.  i.    To  make 

beer. — v.t.  To. mingle  ;  to 

contrive.  [brews. 
Brew'er  (bru^-),  n.  One  who 
Brew'er-y  {brjj/-),  n.  A  house 

for  brewing. 
Brew'-house  (brj}/-),  n.  A 

brewery. 
Brew'is  (brii^is),  n.  Bread 

soaked  in  gravy  or  in  water 

and  butter. 
Bribe,  n.    A  gift  to  corrupt 

the  conduct.  —  v.  t.  To  cor- 
rupt by  gifts. 
Brib'er-y,  n.   The  giving  or 

receiving  of  bribes. 
Brick,  n.  A  mass  of  burnt 

clay.  —  V.  t.    To  lay  with 

bricks. 

Brick'b5,t,  n.  A  broken  brick. 
Brick'-knn  (-kll),  n.   A  kiln 

for  burning  brick,  [mason. 
Brick'-lay^er,  71.  A  brick- 
Brick'-mak^er,  n.  One  who 

makes  brick. 
Brid'al  (11),  a.  Belonging  to 

marriage.  —  71.  A  wedding. 
Bride,  n.    A  woman  newly 

married,  or  one  about  to  be 

married. 
Bride '--cake,  n.    Cake  dis- 

tributedjit  a  wedding. 
Bride 'groom,   n.    A  man 

newly  married,  or  one  about 

to  be  married. 


Bride'maid,  n.  A  woman 
who  attends  the  bride. 

Bride'man,  n.  A  man  who 
attends  the  bride  and  bride- 
groom, [correction.! 

Bride'well,  n.    A  house  of 

Bridge,  n.  A  structure  to  pass 
over  water  on  ;  a  support. — 
V.  t.  To  form  a  bridge  over. 

BrI'dle,  n.  An  instrument  to 
restrain  or  govern  a  horse. 
—  V.  t.  To  put  a  bridle  on ; 
to  restrain.  —  v.  i.  To  hold 
up  the  head. 

Brief,  a.  Short ;  concise.  — n. 
An  epitome,  or  short  writ- 
ing ;  an  abstract. 

Bri'er,  n.  A  prickly  shrub  ; 
a  bramble. 

Brig,  71.  A  res-  . 
sel  with  two 
masts  square  >.^^|R^ 

Brigade',  n. 
A  division  of  ^^^^^^ 
troops.  —  V.  ^^'S' 
t.   To  form  into  brigades. 

Brig'a-dier',  n.  An  officer 
commanding  a  brigade. 

Brig'and,  n.  One  of  a  band 
of  robbers. 

Brig'an-tine,  n.  A  kind  of 
small  brig. 

Bright  (brlt),  a.  Shining,- 
clear ;  promising, 

Bright'en  (brlt/n),  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  make  or  become  bright. 

Brightness  (brlt^  -),  n.  Lus- 
ter ;  splendor  ;  acut<»nesa. 

Brill'ian-Qy,  n.  Sparkling 
luster. 

Brill'iant,  a.    Shining. — n. 

A  diamond  cut  into  angles. 
Brim,  n.  Edge  ;  upper  edge  ; 

side  ;  bank.  —  v.  i.   To  b« 

tilled  to  the  brim.  [brim. 
Brim'ful,  a.  Full  to  the 
Brim'ming  (7),  a.  Full  to  the 

brim.  [sulphur. 
Brim'stone,  n.    A  mineral  ; 
Brin'ded,  )  a.      Streaked  ; 
Brin'dled,  )  spotted. 
Brine,  71.  Water  impregnated 

with  salt ;  the  ocean. 
Bring,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BROUGHT.]    To  convey  or 

carry  to  ;  to  fetch  from. 
Brin'y,  a.  Consisting  of  brine. 


son,  6r,  dg,  w^If,  too,  took ;  tirn,  rye,  pull ;  9,     sq/i ;     g,  hard;      ;  e^ist ;  G  a^  ng  ;  tills. 


BRINK 


48 


BUFF 


Brink,  n.  The  edge  of  a  steep 
place. 

Brisk,  a.  Quick  ;  full  of  life. 
Brisk'et,  n.  The  breast  of  an 
animal. 

Bris'tle  (bris/1),  w.  A  stiff, 
coarse  hair,  as  of  swine.  — 
V.  i.    To  raise  the  bristles. 

Bris'tly  (briskly),  adv.  Set 
thick  with  bristles. 

Bri-tan'ni-a,  n.  A  metallic 
compound.  [Britain. 

Brit'ish,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Brit'on,  n.  A  native  of 
Britain.  [fragile. 

Brit'tle,  a.    Apt  to  break  ; 

Broach,  n.  A  spit. — v.  t. 
To  tap  ;  to  let  out. 

Broad  (brawd),  a.  Extended 
from  side  to  side  ;  wide.  — 
Syn.  Ample ;  comprehen- 
sive ;  large. 

Broad'-ax,   )  n.    An  ax  to 

Broad'-^xe,  j    hew  timber. 

Broad'€ast,  n.  A  scattering 
of  seed  with  the  hand. 

Broad'-eloth,  n.  A  fine  wool- 
en cloth,         [grow  broad. 

Broad'en,  v.     To  make  or 

Broad'side,  n.  A  discharge 
of  all  the  guns  on  one  side 
of  a  ship. 

Broad'sword  (-sord),  n.  A 
broad-bladed  sword. 

Bro-€ade',  n.  Silk  stuff 
variegated  with  gold  and 
silver. 

Br6€'-eo-li  (18),  n.    A  species 

•  of  cabbage.        [thick  shoe. 

Br5'gan,  or  Bro-gan',  n.  A 

Brogue,  n.  A  corrupt  dialect 
or  pronunciation. 

Broil,  n.  A  tumult ;  quarrel. 
—  V.  t.  or  i.  To  dress  over 
coals  ;  to  be  in  a  heat. 

Broke,  imp.  of  Break. 

Bro'ken  (bro^'kn),  jf.  p.  or  a. 
of  Break. 

Bro'ken-heart-'ed,  a.  Hav- 
ing the  spirits  crushed. 

Brd'ker,  n.  An  agent  who 
transacts  business  on  com- 
mission, [of  a  broker. 

Bro'ker-age,  n.  Commission 

Br6n'-ehi-al,  a.  Relating  to 
the  throat.  [fection. 

Br6n-€hi'tis,  n.  A  throat  af- 

Bronze,  n.    A  compound  of 


copper  and  tin.  —  v.  t.  To 
color  or  harden  like  bronze. 

Brooch  (broch),  n,  A  jewel. 

Brood,  w.  Offspring;  progeny. 
—  V.  i.  To  sit  on  eggs  ;  to 
cover  chickens. 

Brdbk,  «.  A  natural  stream 
less  than  a  river.  —  v.  t.  To 
bear  ;  to  endure. 

Brdbm,  n.  A  shrub;  an  in- 
strument to  sweep  with. 

Brdbm'stick,  n.  The  staff  or 
handle  of  a  broom. 

Broth,  n.  Liquor  in  which 
llesh  has  been  boiled,  [fame. 

Brdtii'el,  n.  A  house  of  ill- 
Broth 'er,  n.  A  male  born  of 
the  same  parents  ;  an  asso- 
ciate ;  a  companion. 

Brotii'er-hobd,  n.  State  of 
being  a  brother  ;  fraternity. 

Br6tii'er-ly,a.  Like  a  broth- 
er. [     of  Bring. 

Brought  (brawt),  imp.  &  p. 

Brow,  n.  The  forehead  ;  the 
hairy  ridge  over  the  eye ; 
the  edge.  [down. 

Brow'beat,  v.   t.   To  beat 

Brow-beat 'ing,  n.  Act  of 
beating  down  or  intimidat- 
ing. 

Brown,  a.  Dusky,  inclining 
to  red.  —  n.  A  dusky  red- 
dish color.  —  V.  t.  To  make 
brown . 

Brown 'ish,  a.  Inclined  to 
brown. 

Brown'-stud^y,   a.  Dull 

though tfulness ;  reverie. 
Browge  (brouz),  v.  t.  To  feed 

on  the  shoots  of  shrubs. 
Browse  (brouss),  n.  Twigs  of 
Bru'in,  n.  A  bear,  [shrubs. 
Bruise,  v.  t.    To  hurt  with 

blows. — n.    A  contusion. 
Bruis'er,  n.   A  boxer. 
Briiit,  n.  Report ;  rumor.  — 

v.  t.    To  report. 
Bru-nette',  n.  A  woman  of  a 

dark  or  brown  complexion. 
Brunt,  n.   A  shock  ;  attack ; 

onset;  violence. 
Brush,  n.  A  hairy  instrument; 

a  pencil ;  brisk  attack ;  a 

thicket. — V.  t.    To  rub  or 

sweep  with  a  brush.  — v.  i. 

To  move  in  haste. 
Brush'-wobd,  n.  Underwood. 


Brush'y,  a.  Like  a  brush  j 
shaggy. 

Bru'tal  (11),  a.  Savage  ;  cruel. 

Brii-tal'i-ty,  n.  Savageness. 

Brii'tal-ize,  v.  To  make  or 
become  brutal. 

Brute,  n.  An  irrational  ani- 
mal. —  a.  Senseless  ;  savage. 

Bru'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  make  bru- 
tish or  unfeeling. 

Bru'tish,  a.  Bestial ;  savage. 

Bub'ble,  n.    A  small  bladder 

^  'of  water  ;  a  false  show  ;  emp- 
ty project.  —  V.  i.  To  rise  in 
bubbles.         [like  bubbles. 

Bub'bly,  a.  Full  of  bubbles  ; 

Bu€^€a-neer',  n.  A  piratical 
adventurer. 

Buck,  n.  Male 
of  rabbits,  deer,  ^M^fl^ 
&c. ;  a  dandy ; .s^^^Wl 

steep  clothes  in  Buck, 
lye. 

Buck'et,  n.  A  vessel  to  draw 
or  carry  water  in. 

Buck'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
gay  fellow ;  foppish. 

Buck'le  (buk''l),  w.  An  instru- 
ment for  fastening  straps.  — 
V.  t.  To  fasten  with  a 
buckle  ;  to  apply. — v.  i.  To 
join  in  battle. 

Buck'ler,  n.    A  shield. 

Buck'ram,  tii  A  coarse  linen 
cloth  stiffened  with  glue. 

Buck'skin,  n.  The  leather 
from  a  buck. 

Buck'thom,  n.  A  plant  bear- 
ing a  black  berry. 

Buck'wheat,  n.  A  plant, 
whose  seed  is  used  as  a 
grain. 

Bu-e6Pi€,  a.  Relating  to 
shepherds  ;  pastoral.  —  n.  A 
pastoral  poem. 

Bud,  n.  First  shoot  of  a  plant. 
—  V.  i.  To  put  forth  buds.  — 
V.  t.  To  inoculate,  as  a  tree. 

Budge,  v.  i.  To  stir  ;  to  go ; 
to  move.  —  a.  Stiff;  rigid; 
pompous  ;  surly. 

Budg'et,  n.  A  bag;  pouch; 
stock  ;  a  statement  respect- 
ing finances. 

Buff,  n.  A  leather  dressed  with 
oil ;  a  color  between  light 
pink  and  light  yellow. 


a,e,I,o,u,y,^o«^;  a,       6,u,5S^,  jAorf;  care,  car,ask,  ^H,  wh?it ;  ere,  veil, term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


BUFFALO 


49 


BURY 


Buf'fa-lo,  n.  (pi. 
Buf 'fa-16e§, 
18. )  A  kind  of 
wild  ox. 

Buffet  (8),  V.  t. 

To     box ;    to         „  , 
beat;  to  strike  Bnffalo. 
with  the  fist. — w.    A  blow 
with  the  fist,  [mountebank. 

Buf-foon',  71.    A  clown;  a 

Buf-foon'er-y,  n.  Low  jests. 

Bug,  n.  A  generic  term  for 
various  insects.  [ject. 

Bug'bear,  n.  A  frightful  ob- 

Bug'gy,  a.  Full  of  or  having 
bugs.  — n.  A  light  four- 
wheeled  carriage. 

Bu'gle,  )  M.  A  military 

Bu'gle-horn,  )  instrument 
of  music. 

Buhl  (bul),  n.  Metallic  fig- 
ures inlaid  in  dark  wood  or 
tortoise-shell. 

Buhr'stone  (bur/-),  n.  A  spe- 
cies of  quartz,  used  for  mill- 
stones. 

Build  (blld),  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp. 

&  p.  p.  BUILDED,  BUILT.] 
To  raise  a  structure  ;  to  con- 
struct ;  to  erect. 

Build'ing,  n.    An  edifice. 

Built,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Build. 

Bulb,  n.  A  round  root. 

Bulb'ous,  a.  Having  round 
roots  or  heads  ;  protuberant. 

Bulge,  n.  A  protuberance.  — 
V.  i.  To  swell  in  the  middle. 

Bulk,  n.  Size  ;  substance  in 
general ;  quantity  ;  main 
part. 

Bulk'-hgad,  n.   A  partition 

in  a  ship. 
Bulk'i-ness,  n.  Largeness. 
Bulk'y,  a.    Of  great  size. 
Bull,  n.    An  animal ;  edict  of 

the  pope  ;  a  blunder. 
Bull'-bait/ing,  n.  Practice  of 

exciting  bulls  with  dogs. 
Bull'-dog,  n. 

A  kind  of  large 

dog. 
Bul'let,  n.  A 

ball  for  a  gun. 
Bul'le-tin,    n.  Bull-dog. 

Official  report  or  notice. 
Bull'-fight  (-fit),  n.   A  fight 

with  a  bull.  [bird. 
Bull'-finch,  a.     A  singing 


Biill'-fr6g,  n.  A  large  species 
of  frog.  [or  gold. 

Bull'ion,  n.    Uncoined  silver 
Biill'ock,  w.    A  young  bull ; 
an  ox. 

Bull'y,  n.  A  quarrelsome  fel- 
low. —  V.  t.  To  threaten  with 
noisy  menaces.      [in  water. 
Bull'rush,  n.  A  rush  growing 
Biil'wark,  n.  A  fortification ; 
shelter  ;  sides  of  a  ship  above 
the  upper  deck,     [large  bee. 
Bum'ble-bee,  n.    A  kind  of 
Bump,  n.  A  swelling ;  a  blow. 
—  V.  i.    To  make  a  loud 
noise.  —  v.  t.  To  thump  ;  to 
strike.  [to  the  brim. 

Biim'per,  n.  A  glass  filled 
Biimp'kin,  n.    An  awkward 

person  ;  a  clown  ;  a  rustic. 
Biin    )  (3),  n.    A  small  cake, 
Biinn  ]    or  sweet  bread. 
Bunch,  n.  A  cluster ;  a  hard 
lump.  — V.  i.    To  grow  in 
clusters. 
Bunch'y,a.  Full  of  bunches. 
Biin'dle,  n.    A  number  of 
things  bound  together,  —  v. 
t.    To  tie  together.  [rel. 
Biing,  n.  A  stopper  for  a  bar- 
Bung'-hole,  n.    A  hole  in  a 
barrel. 

Bun'gle,tj.  X.  To  do  clumsily. 

Biin'gler,  n.  A  clumsy 
workman. 

Biin'gling,  a.    Very  clumsy. 

Bun'ion  (bun/yun),n.  Anex- 
cresceuce  on  the  toe. 

Bunk,  n.  A  case  of  boards  for 
a  bed.  [cloth. 

Biint'ing,  n.    A  thin  woolen 

Buoy  (bwob5^  or  bw65'),  n. 
A  piece  of  wood  or  cork 
floating  on  the  water,  to  in- 
dicate shoals,  rocks,  &c.,  or 
to  bear  a  cable.  —  v.  or  i. 
To  keep  afloat ;  to  sustain. 

Bupy'an-gy  (bwoby''-  or 
bwoy/-),  n.  The  quality  of 
floating ;  specific  lightness. 

Buoy 'ant  (bw(5'oy/-  or 
bw6y/-),  a.  Floating  ;  light. 

Bur  I  (3),  n.     The  prickly 

Burr  )     head  of  a  plant. 

Bur'den  (bQr/dn),  n.  That 
which  is  borne  ;  a  load.  — 
V.  t.   To  load  ;  to  oppress. 

Bur'den-some,  a.  Grievous 


to  be  borne  ;  ponderous ;  op- 
pressive,   [that  bears  burs. 

Bur'd6ck,_n.    A  wild  plant 

Bu'reau(bu''ro,  18),  n.  A  chest 
of  drawers  for  papers  or 
clothes ;  office.  [city* 

Biir'gess,  n.    A  freeman  of  a 

Burgh'er  (bOrg/er),  n.  A 
freeman  of  a  borough. 

Biir'glar,  n.  One  who  breaks 
into.a  house  by  night. 

Bur-gla'ri-ous,  a.  Consisting 
in  burglary. 

Bur'gla-ry,  n.  The  crime  of 
hou.se-breaking  by  night, 
with  intent  to  steal. 

Burg'o-mas^er,  n.  A  city 
magistrate.  [Burgundy. 

Bfir'gun-dy,  n.  Wine  made  in 

Bu'ri-al  (ber/I-al),  n.  Act  of 
burying ;  a  funeral. 

Bu'rin,  n.  A  gi-aving  tool. 

Bur-lesque' (-leskO.rt.  Tend- 
ing to  excite  laughter ;  ludi- 
crous. —  n.  A  ludicrous  rep- 
resentation.—  V.  t.  To  make 
ludicrous  ;  to  turn  to  ridi*- 
cule. 

Bur'ly,  a.  Great  in  size  ;  bois- 
terous. 

Bfim,  V  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.p. 
BURNED,  BURNT.]  To  con- 
sume by  fire  ;  to  scorch  ;  to 
be  on  fire.  —  n.  A  hurt 
caused  by  fire. 

Burn'er,  n.  One  who  sets  on 
fire  ;  appendage  to  a  lamp. 

Burn'ing,  n.  Combustion ; 
he^t.  —  a.  Flaming ;  vehe- 
ment. 

Btirn'ing-glass,  n.  A  con- 
vex lens  for  conveying  the 
sun's  rays  to  a  focus. 

Bur'nish,  v.  t.  To  polish;  to 
brighten.  —  n.    A  gloss. 

Burnt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Burn. 

Biir'row,  n.  A  lodge  in  the 
earth  for  rabbits,  &c.  — v.  i. 
To  lodge  in  the  earth. 

Bur'sar,  n.  The  treasurer  of 
a  college ;  a  charity  student. 

Bur'sa-ry,  n.    A  treasury. 

Burst,  V.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BURST.]  To  break  or  fly 
open.  —  n.    A  sudden  rent. 

Bur'then.    See  Burden. 

Bur'y  (ber/j^),  v.  t.  To  inter 
in  a  grave  ;  to  conceal. 


66n,  6r,  dQ,  wglf,  t(ro,  to^ok ;  iim,  r}je,  pyll ;  9,     soft;  €,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  a  as  ng ;  this. 
4 


BUSH 


50 


CACKLE 


Bush,  n.  A  shrub  ;  a  bough.  I 

Bush'el,  n.  A  dry  measure  of 
eight  gallons,  or  four  pecks.  | 

Bush'y,  a.  Full  of  bushes  ; 
thick,  as  hair. 

Bu§'i-ly  (biz/I-1^),  adv.  With 
constant  occupation. 

Bu§'i-ness  (biz^nes),  n.  Em- 
ployment ;  trade  ;  occupa- 
tion. 

Busk,  n.  A  piece  of  steel  or 
whalebone  worn  in  corsets. 

Busk'in,  n.   A  half  boot. 

Busk'ined,  a.  Wearing  busk- 
ins, [kiss. 

Buss,  M.    A  kiss.  —  V.  t.  To 

Bust,  n.  A  statue  of  the  head 
and  shoulders. 

Btis'tard,  w.  A  bird  of  tiie 
ostrich  family. 

Bus'tle  (bus'l),  V.  i.  To  be 
busy.  —  «.  A  tumult;  hur- 
ry ;  commotion. 

Bu§'y  (biz'y),  a.  Employed 
with  earnestness ;  officious. 

—  V.  t.    To  employ. 
Bu§'y-b6d/y  (biz^y-),  n.  A 

meddling,  officious  person. 
But,  prep.    Except;  unless. 

—  conj.  More;  further. — 
n.  End;  limit;  bound. — 
V.  t.  To  be  bounded ;  to 
touch  with  the  end. 

Butch'er,  n.  One  who  kills 
animals  to  sell. — v.  t.  To 
slay  inhumanly. 

Butch'er-ly,  a.  Barbarous; 
cruel;  bloody. 


I3utch'er-y,w.  The  slaughter 
of  cattle  for  market;  cruel 
murder. 

But/-6nd,  n.  Thicker  end  of 
a  thing. 

But'ler,  n.  A  servant  who 
has  the  care  of  liquors. 

But'ment,  n.    A  buttress. 

Butt,  n.  A  mark  to  shoot  at; 
a  cask ;  end ;  hmit ;  one  who 
is  ridiculed.  —  v.  i.  To 
strike  with  the  head. 

But'ter,  n.  An  oily  substance 
from  cream.  —  v.  t.  To 
spread  with  butter. 

But'ter— cup,  n.  A  plant  with 
bright  yellow  flowers ;  crow- 
foot. 

But'ter-fly,  n.  A  genus  of 
inscctvS. 

But'ter-milk,  n.  Milk  re- 
maining after  the  butter  is 
separated. 

But'ter-nut,  n.  A  tree  and 
its  oily  fruit. 

But'ter-y,  n.  A  room  where 
provisions  are  kept.  —  a. 
Resembling  butter. 

But'tock,  n.  Protuberant 
part  of  the  body  behind ; 
rump. 

But'ton  (but^tn),  n.  A  knob  or 
catch  for  fastening  clothes. 
—  V.  t.  To  fasten  with  but- 
tons. 

But'ton-h51e,  n.  A  hole  for  a 
button  ;  to  detain  in  conver- 
sation to  weariness ;  to  bore. 


But 'tress,  n. 

A  projecting 

support  to 

the  outside 

of  a  wall. 
Bux'om,  a. 

Lively; 

brisk;  jolly; 

frolicsome. 
Buy  (bi),  V.  t. 

[imp.  &  p.  -^iJHBfiSts??^^ 

p.    BOUGHT  ^ 

(bawt).]    To  Buttress. 

purchase. 
Buy'er,  n.  A  purchaser. 
Buzz  (3),  n.     A  humming 

sound,  as  of  bees. — v.i.  To 

make  a  low  humming  sound, 

like  bees.  —  v.t.  To  whisper ; 

to  spread  by  whispers. 
Biiz'zard,  n.    A  species  of 

hawk. 

By,  prep.  Near  ;  close  to  ; 
from  one  to  the  other  side 
of;  with;  through  means  of; 
in  presence.  —  By  and  by^ 
presently  ;  pretty  soon. 

By'-end,  n.  Private  interest. 

By '-law,  n.  A  private  law 
or  regulation. 

By'-st^nd'er,  n.  A  looker 
on ;  a  spectator. 

By'-way,  n.  A  private  or 
secluded  way. 

By'-word  (-wflrd),  n.  A  com- 
mon saying  ;  a  proverb. 

By-zS,n'tine,  or  Byz'an-tine, 
a.  Pertaining  to  Byzantium. 


a 


eAB,  n.  A  kind  of  covered 
carriage. 
•Ca-h3,l',  n .  A  number  of  per- 
sons united  to  effect  some 
private  purpose  ;  a  junto  — 
V.  i.  (7)  To  intrigue  pri- 
vately. 

•€3,b'a-la,  n.    Jewish  tradi- 
tions. 

■€&b'a-list,  n.    One  skilled  in 

Jewish  traditions. 
•€3,b/a-list'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 


to  the  mysteries  of  Jewish 
traditions  ;  secret ;  occult. 

-Gab'bage,  v.  i.  To  steal 
pieces  of,  in  cutting  cloths. 
—  71.    A  garden  plant. 

-eab'in,  n.  An  apartment  in 
a  ship;  a  hut. — v.  i.  To 
live  in  a  cabin.  —  v.  t.  To 
confine  in  a  cabin. 

■eab'i-net,  n.  A  set  of  draw- 
ers ;  closet ;  a  council  of 
state 


•€5,b'i-net-mak^er,  n.  A 
maker  of  fine  furniture. 

•€a'ble,  n.  A  strong  rope  or 
chain  to  hold  a  vessel  at 
anchor.  [of  a  ship. 

■Ca-bobse',  n.   A  cook  room 

■Ga-ea'D,  n.  The  chocolate 
tree. 

•€a-ck'le,  v,  i.  To  make  the 
noise  of  a  hen ;  to  giggle ; 
to  prattle.  — n.  Noise  of  a 
hen  or  goose. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  ii, y ,  long ;  a, e, !,  6,  tl,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  pXque,  firm ; 


CACTUS 

-€3,€'tus,  n.  A 

genus  of 

prickly  tropi- 
cal plants. 
■ea-dS,v'er- 

ous,  a.  Like 

a  dead  body. 
•Cad'dy,  n.  A 

small  box  for 

tea. 

•Sa'denge,  n.       .  „  

voice  in  reading  or  speak 
ing;  modulation. 

•Ga-det',  n.  A  volunteer  in 
the  army  ;  a  military  pupil. 

<P3B-§u'ra,  or  Qae-su'ra,  n.  A 
pause  or  division  in  a  verse. 

•€ag,  n.  A  little  barrel  or 
cask  ;  a  keg. 

•€age,  n.  An  inclosuro  for 
confining  birds  or  other  an- 
imals. —  V.  t.  To  shut  up  in 
a  cage. 

•Cairn,  M.    A  pile  of  stones. 

•€ai'tiff ,  n.  A  base  fellow  ;  a 
villain.  —  a.   Base  ;  servile. 

•€a-jole',  V.  t.  To  deceive  by 
flattery.  [flattery. 

•ea-jol'er-y,  n.  A  wheedling ; 

■€ake,  n.  A  kind  of  bread, 
sweet  and  delicate.  —  v.  i. 
To  form  into  a  hard  mass. 

•€al'a-bash,  n.  A  large  gourd. 

■ea-iam'i-tous,  a.  Distress- 
ing ;  disastrous. 

•€a-lto'i-ty,  n.  A  condition 
producing  great  distress.  — 
Syn.  Disaster;  misfortune. 

•€a-iash',  n.  A  cover  for  the 
head  ;  a  kind  ol  carriagt^. 

•eal-ca're-ous,  a.  Having  the 
properties  of  lime. 

•€aPgi-na'tion,  n.  The  opera- 
tion of  calcinitig. 

-eal-Qi-oc',  or  -eal'gmejt'.  To 
change  or  be  changed  into 
powder  by  the  action  of  heat. 

•€al'-eu-late,  v.  t.  To  com- 
pute ;  to  reckon.  — v.  i.  To 
make  a  computation,  [tion. 

-Cap-eu-la'tion,  n.  Computa- 

*€al'-eu-la''tive,  a.  Pertaining 
to  calculation. 

•€5,P-eu-la^tor,  n.  One  vrho 
computes  ;  a  reckoner. 

■€al'-eu-lous,  a.  Like  stone  ; 
affected  with  the  stone. 

■€al'€u-lus,  n.  (/>^.-eal'€u-lI.) 


51 

The  stone  in  the  bladder ;  a 
method  of  computation. 
•€al'dron,  n.    A  large  kettle. 
•€^Pe-fa€'tive,  \  a.  Making 
CaPe-fa-e'to-ry,  j    warm  or 
hot. 

■eai'en-dar,  n.  An  almanac  ; 
a  register. 

■eai'en-der,  v.  t.  To  make 
glossy  and  smooth  by  press- 
ing between  rollers.  —  n.  A 
hot  press. 

■eai'endg,  n.  pi.  First  day 
of  each  month  among  the 
Romans.  [fever. 

•€S,Pen-ture,  n.    An  ardent 

■Galf  (kiif),  M.  ipl.  -Calves, 
kiivz.)  The  young  of  a  cow  ; 
a  stupid  fellow  ;  thick  part 
of  the  leg. 

•€al'i-ber,  I  n.  Bore  of  a  gun; 

•€al'i-bre,  )   mental  capacitv. 

■eal'i-eo,  n.  {pi.  -eai'i-coeg, 
18.)  A  stuff  made  of  cotton. 

•€^l'i-per§,  n.  pi. 
Compasses  with 
curved  legs  for 
measuring  the 
diameters  of 
round  bodies. 

-ea'liph,  n.  Title 
of  the  successors  ^  ,. 
of  Mohammed.  C^^^Pe". 

■eS,Piph-ate,  n.  The  office  of 
a  caliph. 

•€aPis-then'i€S,  w.  pi.  Health- 
ful and  graceful  bodily  ex- 
ercises. 

•€alk  (kawk),  v.  t.  To  stop 
the  seams  of,  as  of  a  ship  ; 
to  arm  with  sharp  points,  as 
the  shoes  of  a  horse.  —  n. 
A  sharp  point  on  an  animal's 
shoe.  [who  calks. 

•Calk'er  (kawk^er),  w.  One 
•€all,  V.  t.  To  name  ;  to  in- 
vite ;  to  summon,  —  v.  i.  To 
cry  out  ;  to  make  a  visit.  — 
n.  An  address  ;  a  demand  ; 
a  summons  ;  a  short  visit. 
•€al-lig'ra-phy,  n.  Beautiful 

penmanship. 
•€all'ing,  n.  Employment. 
•€al-16s'i-ty,  )  n.  Any  horny 
•GaPlus,       J     hardness  of 

the  skin. 
■€al'lous,  a.  Hard  :  indurated. 
■Gal'low,  a.  Unfledged ;  naked. 


CAMPANIFORM 

■ealm  (kam),  a.  Still ;  quiet; 

undisturbed.— 71.  Serenity. 

—  V.  t.  To  quiet  :  to  still. 
■€alm'ly  (kam/-),  adv.     In  a 

calm  manner  ;  quietly. 
■€alm'ness(kiim/ness),  n.  Se- 
renity ;  stillness  ;  quiet. 
•G^l'o-mgl,  n.   A  preparation 

of  mercury. 
•€a-16r'i-e,  n.  The  principle  or 

matter  of  heat.  [heat. 
■€aFo-rif'i-e,  a.  Producing 
-G^l'u-met,  n.  Indian  pipe  of 

peace. 

■Ca-lum'ni-ate,-!?.  t.  To  accuse 
falsely. 

■€a-lum/ni-a'tion,  n.  Slander, 
-ea-lum'ni-a^tor,  n.    A  talse 

accuser ;  a  slanderer. 
■€a-liim'ni-ous,  a.  Defamato- 
ry ;  abusive  ;  slanderous. 
■Cai'um-ny,  n.  Malicious  ac- 
cusation. —  Syn.    Slander  ; 
defamation  ;  hbel ;  abuse. 
■Galve  (kiiv),  v.  i.    To  give 

birth  to  a  calf. 
■€ai'vin-ist,  n.    One  who  ad- 
heres to  Calvinism. 
■eaPvin-ist'i€,  a.  Relating  to 

Calvin,  or  to  Calvinism. 
€a'lyx,  n.  {pi.  Ca'lyx-eg.) 

Outer  covering  of  a  flower. 
■€^m,  n.    The  projection  on  a 
wheel  or  axle  to  produce  re- 
ciprocating motion,  [cotton. 
•Gam*bri€,  n.  A  fine  linen  or 
•€ame,  imp.  of  Come. 
■Cto'el,  n.  A  large ^ 
ruminant  quad- 
ruped of  Asia  and 
Africa. 
•€a-mel'o-pard,  or  ^ 
■€am'el-o-pard/, 
n.    The  giraffe  ;  an  African 
animal  remarkable  for  its 
long  neck. 
■€ani'e-o  (18),  w.    A  precious 

stone  sculptured  in  relief, 
■eam'let,  n.   A  stuff  of  wool 

and  silk. 
•€3,mp,  n.     A  place  where 
troops  lodge,  or  tents,  huts, 
&c.,  are  erected. 
•€am-paign'  (-pnnO,  n.  Time 
an  army  keeps  the  field.  —  v. 
i.    To  serve  in  a  campaign. 
•€am-pan'i-f6rm,  a.    In  the 
shape  of  a  bell. 


 , ...  ^4.^  iv^vvjit.  uiuucut^eu,  uaK-eu.       suape  oi  a  Den. 

son,  or,  do,  w^lf,  toD,  toDk ;  tirn,  r^e,  p^ill ;  9,     soft ;  «,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  e^ist ;  0  as  ng  j  liiis. 


jyiiiVERSITY  OF  {i^mk 


CAMPANOLOGY 


52 


•eam^pa-nol'o-gy,  n.  Art  of 
ringing  bells.  [shaped. 
-Gam-pan'u-late,  a.  Bell- 
•€am'phene,  n.    Oil  or  spirit 

of  turpentine, 
■eam'phor,  n.     A  kind  of 

solidified  sap. 
•€am'phor-ate,    1  a.  Im- 
•eam'phor-aaed, )  pregnat- 

ed  with  camphor. 
■Gan,  V.  i.  [imp.  could.]  To 
he  able.  —  n.  '  A  cup  or  ves- 
sel for  liquors. 
•€a-naF,  n.      An  artificial 
water-course ;  a  pipe  ;  a  duct. 
•€a-na'ry,  n.  A  kind  of  wine  ; 

a  species  of  singing-bird, 
-ean'gel  (8),  v.  t.  To  blot  out ; 

to  obliterate.  [canceling, 
-ean/gel-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
•e^n'Qer,  n.    A  sign  in  the 

zodiac  ;  a  virulent  ulcer. 
•€an'Qer-ous,  a.  Consisting  of, 

or  relating  to,  a  cancer. 
•€an/de-la'brum,w.  (pZ.-Gan^- 
de-la'bra,  or  -Gan/de-la'- 
■brum§.)  A  candlestick  with 
branches.  [uous. 
•Can'did,  a.    Frank  ;  ingen- 
•€an'di-date,  n.     One  who 
sues  or  is  proposed  for  an 
office.  [frankly, 
•ean'did-ly,    adv.     Fairly ; 
€an'dle,  n.    A  light  made  of 

tallow,  wax,  &c. 
■€an'dle-light  (-lit),  n.  Light 

of  a  candle. 
Can'dle-stick,  n.  An 
Btrument  for  holding  a  can- 
dle, [ness. 
•€an'dor,  n.  Fairness  ;  frank- 
■ean'dy,  v.  t.     To  conserve 
with  sugar. —  -y.  i.     To  be 
changed  into  sugar.  — n.  A 
preparation  of  sugar. 
■Gane,  n.    A  reed  ;  the  sugar 
plant ;  a  walking-stick.  — v. 
t.    To  beat  with  a  cane. 
•€ane'brake,  n.  A  thicket  of 
canes. 

-Ga-nlne',  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  dog.  [box. 

•€an'is-ter,  n.    A  kind  of  tin 

■Gan'ker,  n.  A  disease  in  ani- 
nials  and  plants  ;  a  kind  of 
ulcer.  —  V.  t.  To  corrode  or 
corrupt :  to  infect. 

■Gan'kered,  p.  a.  Corroded. 


•€&n'ker-worm  (--:vOrm),  n. 

A  worm  that  destroys  cer- 
tain plants  and  fruit. 
■Gan'ni-bal,  n.  A  man-eater. 
•€an'ni-bal-i§m,  n.  The  eat- 
ing of  human  flesh  by  man. 
•Gan'non,  n.  A 
great  gun  for 
throwing  balls 
and  the  like,  Cannon, 
by  means  of  gunpowder. 
■Gan^non-ade',  n.  Hostile 
attack  with  cannon.— v.  t. 
To  attack  with  cannon. 
■Gan'non-ball,  n.    A  ball  to 

be  thrown  from  cannon. 
■Gan/iion-eer',  \n.    One  who 
-Gan/non-ier',  j    manages  a 

cannon. 
•Gan'non-shSt,  n.  A  cannon- 
ball,  [be  unable. 
-Gan'not.  [can  and  not.]  To 
■Ga-npe'  ( ka-noQ/ ),  w.  A  boat 

made  of  a  tree. 
■Gan'on,  n.  A  rule ;  the  Script- 
ures ;  an  ecclesiastical  dig- 
nitary. 

-Ga-n6n'i€-al,  a.  According 

to  canons  ;  ecclesiastical. 
-Ga-n6n'i€-als,  n.pl.  The  pre- 
scribed dress  of  the  clergy. 
-Gan'on-ist,  n.  One  versed  in 
the  law  sanctioned  by  the 
Roman  Catholic  Church. 
•Gaii'on-i-za'tion,  n.   An  en- 
rolling among  saints. 
•Gan'on-ize,  v.t.  To  enroll  in 

the  catalogue  of  saints 
•Gan'o-py,  n.  A  covering  over 

the  head. 
•G^nt,  V.  t.  To  give  a  sudden 
turn  to.  —  V.  i.  To  speak  in 
a  whining  voice ;  to  play  the 
hypocrite.  —  n.  A  sudden 
turn;  a  whining  or  sing- 
song tone;  slang;  secret 
language  of  gypsies,  &c. 
■Gan'ta-lpupe,  n.   A  species 

of  muskmelon. 
■Gan-ta'ta,  or  -Gan-ta'ta  (18) 

n.    A  poem  set  to  music. 
■Gan-teen',  n.  A  tin  vessel  for 

liquors,  &c. 
■Gan'ter,  v.  i.    To  move  in  a 
moderate  gallop.  —  n.  A 
moderate  gallop. 
■Gan'ti-€le,  n.  A  song.  — Can 
tides,  the  Song  of  Solomon 


CAPITULAR 

•G^n'to,  n.  {pi.  -Gan'tog,  18, 

A  division  of  a  ponm. 
■Gan'ton,  n.    Division  of  a 
country,  —  v.t.    To  divide 
into  districts. 
■Gan'ton-ment,  n.  A  district 

occupied  by  soldiers. 
■Gan'vas,  n.    A  coarse  cloth 

for  sails  ;  sails  in  general. 
-Gan'vass,  v.  «.  To  examine; 
to  solicit.  —  v.i.    To  sohcit 
votes.  —  n.  Close  inspection; 
examination ;  solicitation. 
•Gan/zo-net',  n.  A  short  song. 
-Gaou'tchou-e  (k(5"o/ehook),  n. 

India-rubber;  gum  elastic. 
•Gap,  n.  A  cover  for  the  head ; 
top.— v.t.     To  cover  the 
head  or  top. 
■Ga/pa-bil'i-ty,  n.    Capacity ; 

qualification;  ability. 
-Ga'pa-ble,a.  Having  capacity 
or  abiUty.  —  Syn.     Able  ; 
competent  ;    fitted  ;  effi- 
cient, [bihty. 
-Ga'pa-bly,  adv.    With  capa- 
■Ga-pa'cious,  a.    Having  ca- 
pacity ;  wide ;  large. 
-Ga-pag'i-ty,  n.     The  power 
of  receiving  and  containing. 
•Gap^-a-pie',  adv.  From  head 
to  foot. 

-Ga-par'i-son,  n.  Trappings 
for  a  horse,  —v.  t.  To  dress 
pompously. 
-Gape,  n.  A  head-land;  neck- 
piece. 

■Ga'per,  n.    A  kind  of  flower- 
bud  used  for  pickUng;  a 
leap.  — tJ.  i.    To  skip;  to 
leap  ;  to  dance. 
■Ga-pil'la-ment,  n.    A  fila- 
ment or  fine,  hair-like  fiber. 
-Gap'il-la-ry,  a.  Resembling  a 
hair.  —  n.    A  fine  Vf-ssel  or 
canal.  v 
■Gap'i-tal ,  n.  UppeO  part  of  a 
column  ;  chief  city  or  town  ; 
stock  in  trade  ;  principal 
sum  ;    a  large  letter.  —  a. 
Relating  to  the  head ;  chief 
•Gap'i-tal-ist,  w.     A  man  of 

large  property. 
-Gap'i-ta'tion,  n.  Numeration 

by  heads  ;  a  poll-tax. 
-Gap'i-tol,  n.     A  temple  in 
Rome  ;  a  government  house. 
-Ga-pit'u-lar,  n.   A  statute. 


CAPITULATE 


53 


CARTILAGE 


■ea-pit'u-late,  v.  i.  To  sur- 
render on' conditions. 

■Ga-pit^u-la'tion,  n.  A  sur- 
render on  terms,  or  condi- 
ditionally. 

•Ca'pon  (kiVpn),  n.  A  cock 
emasculated. 

•Gap'-pa^per,  n.  A  kind  of 
coarse  brown  paper. 

■Ga-prige',  n.  Sudden  or  un- 
reasonable change  of  mind 
or  humor,  —  Syn.  Whim; 
freak  ;  fancy  ;  vagary. 

•Ca-pri'cious  (-prish'us),  a. 
^yhimsical ;  freakish. 

•€ap-size',  v.t.    To  overturn, 

•eap'stan,  n.     A  ^ 
machine  in  ships  gJa^SSS 
for  raising  great  j^SS 

■€ap'su-lar,     )  "yO^^^ 

■eap'su-la-ry,  ) 

a    Hollow  like  a  Capstan, 
capsule.  [of  a  plant. 

■e5,p'sule,  n.  The  seed-vessel 

•€ap'tain,  n.    A  commander. 

•G3,p'tain-Qy,    )  n.  Commis- 

•€S.p'tain-ship, )  siou  or  of- 
fice of  a  captain. 

■Gap'tion,  71.  A  certificate  ap- 
pended to  a  legal  instru- 
ment. 

•€ap'tioiis,  a.  Apt  to  cavil. 
•€ap'ti-vate,  v.  t.   To  please 

exceedingly  ;  to  fascinate  ; 

to  charm,  [captivating, 
■eap^ti-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
-eS,p'tive,  n.    One  taken  in 

war.  —  o.  Made  prisoner, 
■eap-tiv'i-ty,  n.   Subjection  ; 

bondage;  thralldom. 
•€ap'tor,  n.  One  who  takes  a 

prisoner  or  a  pri.^e. 
•€ap'ture,  w.     Seizure  of  a 

prize.  —  V.  t.    To  take,  as  a 

prize,  in  war. 
■€ap''u-ghin'  (-sheen-'),  n.  A 

monk  of  the  order  of  St. 

Francis. 
•Car,  n.    A  cart  ;  a  rail-way 

carriage  ;  chariot  of  war. 
■Gar'a-bine,  n.  See  Carbine. 
■G^r'a-€ole,  n.     An  oblique 

movement  of  a  horse.  — v.  i. 

To  mo-^h^^  caracole. 
•€ar'at,^lirA  weight  of  four 

graiusfTor  weighing  gems. 
•€dr'a-van,  n.  A  body  of  trav- 


eling pilgrims,  traders,  or 
showmen. 

•ear'a-van'sa-ry,n.  A  house 
for  travelers  in  Asia. 

•€^r'a-way,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant,  and  its  seed. 

■€ar'bine,  n.  A  short  gun 
borne  by  light  horsemen, 

■€ar'bon,_n.   Pure  charcoal. 

■€ar/bon-a'ceous,  a.  Relating 
pQ,  or  containing,  carbon. 

■Gar'bon-ate,  n.  A  salt  formed 
by  the  union  of  carbonic 
acid  witli  a  base.  [carbon. 

■Gar-b6n'i€,  a.  Pertaining  to 

€ar'boy,  n.  A  globular  bottle 
protected  by  basket-work. 

■€ar'bun-ele,  n.  An  inflam- 
matory tumor  ;  a  red  gem. 

■Gar'-eass,  n.  A  dead  body  ; 
decaying  remains. 

■Card,  n.  A  pasteboard  pre- 
pared for  various  uses ;  a 
w^rittQn  note  ;  a  large  comb 
for  wool.  —  V.  t.  To  comb 
wool. 

•€ar'di-3,-c,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  heart. 

■ear'di-ual,  a.  Principal ; 
chief.  — n.  A  high  dignitary 
of  the  Catholic  church. 

-eard'-ta'ble,  n.  A  table  for 
playing  cards  on. 

■Care,  n.  Uneasiness  of  mind  ; 
solicitude  ;  caution  ;  man- 
agement. —  V.  i.  To  be 
anxious ;  to  heed. 

■Ga-reen',  v.  t.  To  heave  on 
one  side,  as  a  ship. 

•Ga-reer',  n.  A  course  ;  race. 

•Gare'ful  (17),  a.  Anxious; 
watchful ;  saving. 

■Gare'less,  a.  Heedless ; 
having  no  care. 

■Ga-ress',  v.  t.  To  embrace  ; 
to  fondle. — n.  Endearment, 

-Ga'ret,  n.  This  mark  (a), 
noting  omission, 

■Gar'go,  n.    A  ship's  freight, 

€ar'i-ca-ture',  n.  A  represen- 
tation exaggerated  to  de- 
formity ;  a  ludicrous  like- 
ness,—  V.  t.  To  represent 
ludicrously. 

-G^r'i-ca-tur/ist,  n.  One  who 
caricatures.  [bone. 

•Ga'ri-es,  n.    Ulceration  of  a 

■Gar'i-ole,  n.  A  light  carriage. 


•Ga'ri-ous,  a.  Decayed ;  ulcer- 
ated ;  defective. 

•Garl,  n,    A  rude,  rustic  man. 

•Gar'mine,  n.  A  bright  red 
pigment  or  color. 

■Gar'nage,  n.  Destruction  of 
lives  ;  slaughter  ;  massacre. 

■Gar'nal,  a.  Fleshly  ;  sensual. 

■Gar-n^l'i-ty,  n.  Fleshly  de- 
sires, 

■Gar-na'tion,  w.  Flesh  color ; 
a  beautiful  flower.  [stone. 

■Gar-nel'ian,  71.    A  precioua 

■Gar'ni-val,  n.  A  Catholic 
festival  celebrated  for  a 
number  of  days  before  Lent. 

•Gar-niv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding 
on  flesh. 

■Gar'ol,  n.  A  song  of  joy  ;  a 
hymn.  —  v.  i.  (8)  To  war- 
ble :  to  sing. 

■Ga-r6t'id,  a.  One  of  the  two 
chief  arteries  of  the  neck. 

•Ga-rou§'al,  n.    A  revel. 

■Ga-rouse',  v.  i.  To  drink  free- 
ly.—  n.  A  jovial  drinking 
match. 

•Garp,  n.  A  fresh-water  fish. 
—  V.  i.  To  find  fault;  to 
cavil.         [houses  or  ships. 

■Gar'pen-ter,  n.  A  builder  of 

■Gar'pen-try,n.  Art  of  build- 
ing houses  or  ships, 

■Gar'pet,  n.  A  covering  for 
a  floor. — V.  t.  To  cover 
with  a  carpet- 

■Gar'pet-ing,  n.  Carpets  in 
general. 

■Gar'riage  (kar^rij),  n.  A  vehi- 
cle ;  conveyance  ;  behavior. 

■Gar'ri-er,  n.  One  who  carries. 

■Gar'ri-on,  n.    Putrid  flesh. 

■G^r'rot,  n.  A  common  gar- 
den vegetable. 

•Gar'ry,  v.  t.  To  bear ;  to  con- 
vey ;  to  effect ;  to  behave. 

■Gar'ry-all,  71.  A  light  four- 
wheeled  vehicle. 

■Gart,  n.  A  carriage  with  two 
wheels  for  heavy  commodi- 
ties.—  V.  t.  To  convey  in  a 
cart,  [for,  carting. 

•Gart'age,  n.  Act  of,  or  charge 

•Gar-tel',  ?i.  Agreement  in  re- 
lation to  exchange  of  pris- 
oners :  a  challenge,  [cart. 

•Gart'er,  n.  One  who  drives  a 

■Gar'ti-lage,  n.  Gristle. 


89n,  or,  dQ,  w61f,  tcTo,  to'ok  ;  fim,  ri]e,  pnll ;  9,  g,  soft;      g,  hard;  arj ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  tliis. 


CARTILAGINOUS 

•€ar/ti-lag'i-nous,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  cartilage  ;  gristly. 

■€ar-tobn',  n.  A  drawing  on 
large,  strong  paper. 

■Gar-touch'  (-tooch''),  n.  A 
case  for  musket-balls,  &c. 

•€ar'tridge,  n.  A  paper  case 
for  powder,  [for  cartridges. 

•Gar'tridge-lDOX,  n.     A  box 

•€arve,  v.  t.  To  cut  artistic- 
ally, as  wood,  &c.  ;  to  cut 
into  small  pieces,  as  meat. 

•€as-eade',  n.   A  waterfall. 

•€ase,  n.  A  covering  ;  box  ; 
state  ;  variation  of  nouns  ;  a 
cause  or  suit  in  court. — v. 
t.    To  put  in  a  case. 

•€ase'-hard/en  (-harden),  v.  t. 
To  harden  on  the  outside. 

■€ase'mate,  n.  A  bomb- 
proof chamber  for  cannon. 

-Gase'ment,  n.  The  glazed 
frame  of  a  window. 

•€a'se-ous,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  like,  cheese. 

•€^sh,  n.  Money  ;  coin ;  bank- 
notes.—  V.  t.  To  convert 
into  money. 

•€ash'-bdt)k,  n.  A  book  in 
which  accounts  of  money 
are  kept. 

•Cash-ier',  n.  One  who  has  the 
charge  of  money  in  a  bank, 
&c.  — f.  t.  To  dismiss  from 
office.  [of  shawl. 

Gash'mere,  n.    A  rich  kind 

•€as'ing,  n.  A  covering  ;  a 
case.  [barrel. 

•€ask,  n.  A  small  vessel  like  a 
Gask'et,  n.  A  small  chest  for 
jewels. 

•Gasque,  n.  A  helmet,  [void. 
•Gas-sa'tion,  n.  A  making 
•Gas'sia  (kash/a),  n.    A  cheap 

kind  of  cinnamon. 
•Gas'si-mere,  n.    A  kind  of 

thin  twilled  woolen  cloth. 
-Gas'sock,  n.   A  close  kind  of 

frock-coat  for  clergymen 
•Gas'so-wa-ry,  n.  A  large  bird 

resembling  the  ostrich. 
•Gast,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
CAST.]  To  throw  ;  to  fling ; 
to  found  or  form  ;  to  calcu- 
late. —  n.  A  throw  ;  motion ; 
mold  ;  turn  ;  appearance 
•Gas'ta-net,  n.  A  rattling  in- 
strument used  in  dancing' 


54 


\ 


■Gast'a-way,  n.  One  aban- 
doned to  destruction. 

-Gaste,  n.  A  fixed  class  in 
society.  [like  a  castle. 

-Gas'tel-la^ted,  a.  Turreted 

■Gast'er,  n.  One  who  casts ;  a 
small  wheel ;  a  cruet  or 
phial ;  a  stand  for  cruets. 

-G^s'ti-gate,  v.  t.  To  chastise. 

■Gas^ti-ga'tion,  n.  Coriection ; 
chastisement.      [in  a  mold. 

■Gast'ing,  n.  Any  thing  shaped 

•Gast'ing-vote,  n.  A  vote 
that  decides  when  the  others 
are  equally  divided. 

•Gasaie  (kas'l),  n.  A  fortified 
house ;  a  fortress. 

■G^s'tled  (kSs'ld),  a.  Fur- 
nished with  castles. 

■Gas'tor,  n.    A  beaver. 

■Gas'tor-oil,  n.  A  cathartic 
vegetable  oil.  [unman 

■Gas'trate,  v.  t.    To  geld  ;  to 

•Gas-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  geld- 
ing. 

-Gag'u-al  (kazVii-al),  a.  Hap- 
pening without   design.  — 
Syn.  Accidental;  incident- 
al, [chance. 
■GS,§'u-al-ty,  n.  An  accident ; 
■Ga§'u-ist,  n.     One  who  re- 
solves cases  of  conscience. 
■Ga§ai-ist'i-C,     \a.  Relating^ 
■G^§/u-ist'i€-al, )    to  cases 

of  conscience. 
•Gas'u-ist-ry,  n.   The  science 

or  practice  of  a  casuist. 
-Gat,  n.    A  domestic  animal ; 

a  tackle  ;  a  whip. 
-Gat'a-eomb  (-kom),  n.  A 

cave  for  the  dead. 
-Gat^a-eous'ti-es,  n.  sing.  Sci- 
ence of  echoes. 
■Gat'a-lep'sy,  n.  Sudden  sup- 
pression of  sensation. 
■Gat'a-16gue,  w.   A  list ;  reg- 
ister of  names.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  a  list  of. 
■Gat'a-mount,  n.    A  wild  cat. 
-Gat'a-piagm,  n.   A  poultice. 
-Gat'a-ra-et,  n.  A  large  water- 
fall ;  disorder  in  the  eye. 
■Ga-tarrh' (ka-tarO,w.  A  cold 

in  the  head. 
■Ga-tas'tro-phe,   n.  Final 

event ;  calamity  ;  disaster. 
■Gat '--call,  n.  A  squeaking  in- 
strument used  in  theatres. 


CATHOLIC 

•Gatch,  V.  i    [imp.  &  p.  p. 

CATCHED,   CAUGHT.]  To 

seize ;  to  take  ;  to  receive ; 
to  find  ;   to  overtake.  —  n. 
Act  of  seizing ;  that  which 
seizes  ;  a  snatch ;  a  song. 
■G3,tch'ing,  a.     Infectious  ; 

contagious. 
■GS.tch'pen-ny,  n.  Something 

worthless,  to  gain  money. 
-Gatch'up,  ]n.    A  sauce  pre- 
■GS-t'sup,    j     pared  from  to- 
matoes or  walnuts,  &c. 
-Gatch'-word  (-wurd),  n.  First 
word  of  a  page  put  at  the  bot- 
tom of  the  preceding  page. 
■Gat^e-^het'i-e,     )  a.  Con- 
-GaVe-ehet'i-e  al,  i  sisting 

of  question  and  answer. 
■Gat'e-chige  (81),  v.  t.  To 
teach  by  questions  and  an- 
swers :  to  question. 
■GS,t'e-€hi§m,  n.    A  form  of 
instruction    by  means  of 
questions  and  answers. 
"Gat'e-ehist,  n.     One  who 

catechiseg. 
-G^t'e-chu,  n.    An  astringent 

vegetable  extract. 
■GS-t'e-chu'men  (-kQ/men),  n. 

One  learning  the  rudiments 
;     of  Christianity. 
-GaVe-gSr'i-e-al,  a.  Absolute ; 

positive  ;  express. 
•Gat'e-go-ry,  n.  Predicament ; 

state ;  condition. 
■Gat/e-na'ri-an,  \  a.  Relating 
•Gat'e-na-ry,  j  to,  or  like, 
a  chain.  [connection. 
•Gat'e-na'tion,  n.  Regular 
•Ga'ter,  v.  i.  To  provide  food. 
-Ga'ter-er,  n.  One  who  pro- 
vides food ;  a  purveyor. 
■Gat'er-piPlar,  n.    The  larve 

or  worm  state  of  insects. 
■G&t'er-waul,  v.  i.    To  cry  as 
a  cat.    '     [fresh-water  fish. 
■Gat'-fish,  n.    An  American 
-Gat '-gut,  n.    Intestines  dried 

and  twisted  for  strings. 
■Ga-thar'ti-c,  a.  Purgative. 

—  n.  A  purgative  medicine. 
•Ga-the'dral,  71.    The  princi- 
pal church  in  a  diocese. 
■Gath'e-ter,  n.  Instrument  to 
draw  urine  from  the  bladder. 
•Gath'o-li-e,  a.  Universal ;  per- 
taining to  all  Christians; 


Clii.  UlllCrU  L     UCCV*     lU.     VACHJ»jllJg  .  ui/i  v«ii»vyi^./    ^^^^  .  

5, e,  1, o,  u,  y, long ;  a,  5, 1, 6,u,y, short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  term  ;  pique,  firm; 


CATHOLICISM 


55 


CENTRICAL 


pertaining  to  the  Church  of 
Rome.  —  n.  A  member  of 
the  Church  of  Rome. 

•Ga-th61'i-Qi§m,  w.  LiberaHty; 
adherence  to  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church. 

•eath'o-liQ'i-ty,  n.  Catholi- 
cism. 

'€a-th61'i-€5n,  n.  A  universal 
medicine. 

■eat'kin,  n.  A 
species  of  in- 
florescence. 

•e&t'nip,  n.  A 
well -known  ar- 
omatic plant. 

•eat''  -  o'-  nlne'- 

tailg,    w.      A  Catkin, 
whip  with  nine  lashes. 

•€&t's'-paw,  n.  The  tool  of 
another;  a  dupe. 

•eat'tle  (kat/tl),  n.  pL  Beasts 
of  pasture.  [ing- 

■Cau'-eus,  n.  A  political  raeet- 

"Gau'dal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
tail. 

■Cau'dle,  n.  A  mixture  of  wine 
and  other  ingredients. 

•Caught  (kawt),  i7np.  &  p.  p. 
of  Catch. 

•Caul,  n.  A  net  for  the  head  ; 
a  membrane  covering  the 
intestines.  [cabbage. 

•Cau'li-flow'er,  n.  A  species  of 

•Cau-§3,l'i-ty,  n.  The  agency 
of  a  cause.  [ing. 

•Cau-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  caus- 

•Caug'a-tive,  a.  Expressing  a 
cause ;  causing. 

•Cauge,  n.  That  which  pro- 
duces an  effect ;  reason  ;  a 
lawsuit ;  side  of  a  question. 
—  V.  t.  To  make  ;  to  exist. 

•Cauge'way,  n.  A  raised  way 
over  wet  ground. 

•Caus'tic,  a.  Corrosive. — n. 
A  burning  application. 

•Caus-tig'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  caustic. 

•Cau'ter-Ize,  v.  t.  To  burn  or 
sear  with  a  hot  iron,  &c. 

•Cau'ter-y,  n.  A  searing  with 
a  hot  iron  or  caustics. 

•Cau'tion,  n.  Prudence  ;  care ; 
admonition. — v.t.  Toad- 
vise  against. 

•Cau'tious,  a.  Prudent  ; 
watchful  against  danger. 


•G3,v'al~eade',n.  A  procession 

on  horseback. 
•CaVa-li^r',  n.  A  horseman  ; 

a   knight.  —  a.       Brave  j 

haughty  ;  disdainful. 
•Cav'al-ry ,  n.  Mounted  troops, 
■Cave,  n.  A  den  ;  a  cavern  ;  a, 

hollow  place  in  the  earth. — 

V.  t.  To  make  hollow.  — v. 

i.  To  fall  in. 
■G5,v'ern,  n.  A  cave ;  a  den. 
■Ca,v'ern-ous,  a.  Hollow. 
■Ca-viare'  (-veer'),  I  n.  The 
■C3,v'i-ar,  j    roes  of 

certain  fish  salted. 
■Cav'il  (8),  t'.  t.  To  find  fault. 

—  n.  Captious  objection. 
■Cav'i-ty,  n.  A  hollow  place. 
■Caw,  V.  i.  To  cry,  as  a  rook, 

crow,  or  raven.  —  n.  Cry  of 

a  rook,  raven,  or  crow. 
■Cay-6nne',  n.    A  pungent 

pepper. 

-Ca-.'lique'  (zeekO,  n.  An  In- 
dian chief,  or  king. 

Qease,  v.  i.  To  stop  ;  to  leave 
off;  to  desist.  [incessant. 

Cease'less,  a.  Never  ceasing ; 

Qe'dar,  n.  An 
evergreen  tree. 

Qede,  V.  t.  To 

,   yield ;  to  give 

\  up  ;  to  resign. 

ge-diPla,  n.  A 
mark  under  c     ^  , 
(thus,  9)    giv-  C^^"- 
ing  it  the  sound  of  5. 

Ceil,  V.  t.  To  line  the  roof. 

Qeil'ing,  n.  Covering  of  the 
inner  roof.  [to  extol. 

Cel'e-brate,  v.  t.  To  praise  ; 

QgPe-brat^ed,  a.  Distin- 
guished ;  famous. 

QePe-bra'tion,  n.  Honor  or 
distinction  bestowed;  com- 
memoration. 

Qe-lgb'ri-ty,  n.  Fame  ;  dis- 
tinction ;  renown,  [speed. 

Ce-ler'i-ty,    n.     Swiftness  ; 

Qel'er-y,  n.  A  plant  culti- 
vated for  the  table. 

Qe-les'tial  (-lest/yal),  a. 
Heavenly.  —  n.  An  inhabi- 
tant of  heaven.  [state. 

Q61'i-ba-gy,  n.  Unmarried 
n.  A  small  room  ;  small, 
closed  cavity.  [building. 

Qel'lar,  n.    A  room  under  a  I 


QSll'u-lar,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  containing,  cells. 

Q61t,  n.  One  of  ancient  race, 
from  whom  the  Welsh,  Irish, 
&c. ,  are  descended.  [Celts. 

Celt'i-e,  a.    Pertaining  to  the 

Qem'ent,  or  Qc-m6nt',  n.  An 
adhesive  substance  which 
unites  bodies.  —  v.  To  join 
closely. 

Qem'e-ter^y,  n.  A  placo 
where  the  dead  are  buried. 

^en'o-bite,  n.  A  kind  of 
monk. 

^en'o-t&ph,  n.  A  monument 
to  one  buried  elsewhere. 

C^ns'er,  n.    An  incense-pan. 

Qen'sor,  n.  A  Roman  magis- 
trate ;  one  who  examines 
manuscripts  for  the  press ; 
a  harsh  critic. 

Qen-so'ri-oiis,  a.  Severe  ; 
prone  to  find  fault. 

Qen'sur-a-ble  (sC-n'shur-),  a. 
Deserving  of  censure. 

Qen'sure  (sen'shur),  n. 
Blame.  — v.  t.    To  blame. 

■CSn'sus,  n.  An  official  enu- 
meration of  inhabitants. 

Qent,  n.  A  copper  or  nickel 
coin  of  the  United  States. 

QSn'taur,  n.  A  fabulous 
monster,  half  man,  half 
horse. 

Qen-t6n'ni-al,  a.  Happening 

once  in  a  hundred  years. 
CSn'ter  I  (29),  n.    The  mid- 
Qgn'tre  )     die  point.  —  v.  t. 
or  i.    To  place  or  meet  on 
the  middle  point. 
Qen'ter-bit,  I  n.  An  instni- 
yen'tre-bit,  j   ment  for  bor- 
ing holes. 
QSn'ti-grade,  a.    Having  a 

hundred  degrees. 
Qen'ti-pSd,  n.  An  insect  with 

a  great  many  feet, 
^en'to,  n.    A  piece  made  up 
of  passages  from  difierent 
authors. 
Qen'tral,  a.   Relating  to  the 

center  ;  near  the  center. 
Q^n-'tral-i-za'tion, «.  Act  of 
centralizing.      [to  a  center. 
Cen'tral-ize,  v.  t.   To  bring 
Qen'tri-e, 
Q6n'tri€-al, 


central. 


Placed 
the  center ; 


son,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  too,  toW;  lim,  rije,  pyll ;  f ,  ^,  soft;  €y  gy.hard;      ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng ;  this. 


CENTRICITY 


56 


CHAPERON 


Qen-triQ'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  centric. 

Qen-trif'u-gal,  a.  Tending 
from  the  center. 

Qen-trip'e-tal,  a.  Tending  to 
the  center.  [fold. 

C§n'tu-ple,  a.     A  hundred- 

§en-tu'ri-on,  n.  A  Roman 
military  officer  placed  over 
one  hundred  men.  [years. 

Cent'u-ry,  n.     A  hundred 

Ce-phal'i-c,  c  Relating  to 

'  the  head.  [oil,  &c. 

Qe'rate,  n.  Ointment  of  wax, 

Qeve.  v.t.    To  wax. 

QSr'e-bral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  brain. 

Cere'-eloth,  n.  A  waxed  cloth. 

Qer''e-m5'ni-al,  a.  Relat- 
ing to  rites. —  n.  Outward 
form. 

Qer/e-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Full  of 
ceremony  ;  formal ;  exact. 

g?,r'e-ino-ny,  n.  Outward 
rite.  [one  or  some. 

Qer'tain,  a.    Sure;  regular; 

ger'tain-ty,  n.  Full  assur- 
ance ;  established  fact. 

ger-tif'i-cate,  n.  A  testi- 
mony in  writing. 

ger'ti-fy,  v-  t.  To  give  cer- 
tain notice.  [doubt. 

Qer'ti-tude,  n.  Freedom  from 

ge-ru'le-an,  a.  Sky-colored ; 
blue. 

ge'ruse,n.  White  lead ;  na- 
tive carbonate  of  lead. 

ger'vi-€al,  a.  Relating  to 
the  neck. 

ges-sa'tion,  n.  Stop ;  pause  ; 
rest  ;  respite. 

ggs'sion  (sesh^un),  n.  A  giv- 
ing up ;  a  yielding. 

ge-§u'ra  (18),  n.  A  pause  in 
Terse.  [cesura. 

Ce-§u'ral,  a.    Relating  to  a 

ge-ta'cean,  n.  An  animal  of 
the  whale  kind.  [kind. 

ge-ta'ceous,  a.  Of  the  whale 

Chafe.  —  V.  t.  or  i.  To  fret ; 
to  irritate.  —  n.  Irritation. 

Chafer,  n.  One  who  chafes  ; 
an  insect.  [refuse. 

Chaff  (1),  M.  Husks  of  grain ; 

Chaffer,  v.    To  bargain. 

Chaffinch,  n.  A  singing 
bird  ;  a  kind  of  finch. 

Chaffy,  a.    Full  of  chaff. 


Cha'fing-dish,  n.  A  dish  for 
holding  hot  coals,  &c. 

gha-green'  (sha-greenO,  n. 
A  rough-grained  leather. 

gha-grin',  n.  Ill-humor  $ 
vexation.  — v.  t.    To  vex. 

Chain,  n.  A  line  of  Hnks.  — 
v.t.  To  fasten  with  a  chain. 

Chain'-sh6t,  n.  jik 
pi.    Shot  con-  WWg^ 
nected    by    a  Chain-shot, 
chain  or  bar. 

Chair,  n.    A  movable  seat. 

Chair'man  (21),  n.  A  pre- 
siding officer. 

ghaise,  n.  A  two-wheeled 
covered  carriage. 

-Chal-ged'o-ny,  or  -Chai'Qe- 
do-ny,  n.  A  variety  of 
quartz. 

Chaf  dron,  n.  A  measure  of 
36  bushels.     [munion  cup. 

Chal'iQe,  n.    A  cup  ;  a  com- 

Chalk  (chawk),  n.  A  white 
calcareous  earth.  — v.  t.  To 
mark  with  chalk. 

Chalk'y  (chawk^y),  a.  Con- 
sisting of,  or  resembling, 
chalk. 

Challenge,  v.  t.  To  call  to 
fight;  to  claim  as  due;  to 
object  to.  —  n.  Summons  to 
a  contest  ;  exception  to  a 
juror.        [nated  with  iron. 

Cha-lyb'e-ate,  a.  Impreg- 

Cham'ber,  n.  An  upper  room ; 
a  hollow  place  ;  a  kind  of 
court.  —  V.  t.  or  i.  To  lodge. 

Cham'ber-lain,  n.  An  over- 
seer of  the  chambers. 

Cham'ber-maid,  n.  A  female 
who  has  the  charge  of  bed- 
chambers. 

Cha-me'le-on,  n.  A  species 
of  lizard,  whose  color  is 
changeable. 

Cham'fer,  v.  t.  To  cut  a 
groove  in  ;  to  bevel. 

g  h  a  m'o  i  s 
(shum/my 
or  sh  a- 
moyOj 
A  kind  of 
antelope. 

•e  h  a  m '  o  --^^^mmm'^ 
mile,n.  A 
plant.  Chamois. 

Champ,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  chew, 


gham-pagne'  (sham-pin/),  n. 
A  brisk,  sparkling  wine. 

gham-paign'  (sham-pin-' ) ,  a. 
Open  ;  Hat.  —  n.  An  open, 
fl^at  country. 

Cham'pi-on,  n.  A  combatant 
for  another,  or  for  a  cause. 

Change,  n.  An  unforeseen 
occurrence.  —  Syn.  Acci- 
dent ;  hazard ;  opportunity. 

—  V.  i.    To  happen. 
Chan'Qel,n.  Part  of  a  church 

Avhere  the  altar  stands. 

Chan'Qel-lor(7),  n.  An  officer 
of  state  ;  judge  of  a  court  of 
equity.  [equity. 

Chan'ger-y,  n.   A  court  of 

ghan^de-lier',  n.  A  frame  or 
support  for  lights. 

Chan'dler ,  n.  One  who  dealsitf 
candles,  &c.  [by  a  chandler. 

Chan'dier-y,  n.  Articles  sold 

Change,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  alter  ; 
to  exchange.  —  n.  Altera- 
tion ;  small  money. 

Change'a-ble,  a.  Subject  to 
change  ;  fickle. 

Change'ful,a.  Full  of  change. 

Change'less,a.  Constant ;  in- 
variable. 

Change'ling,  n.  A  fickle  per- 
son ;  an  idiot. 

Chan'nel,  n.  Course  of  a 
stream  ;  a  furrow  ;  a  groove. 

—  V.  t.  (8),  To  cut  into 
channels ;  to  groove. 

Chant,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  sing ;  to 
recite  to  musical  tones  with- 
out musical  measure.  —  n. 
Song ;  musical  recitation. 

Chant 'i-cleer,  n.  The  male 
of  domestic  fowls ;  a  cock. 

Chant'ry,  n.  A  chapel  to 
sing  mass  in  for  the  souls  of 
the  donors. 

■Cha'os  (ka^os),  n.  Confused 
mass  of  matter ;  confusion. 

■Cha-6t'i€  (ka-6t/ik),  a.  Re- 
sembling chaos ;  confused. 

Chap  (ch3p  or  ch5p),  n.  A 
crack  in  flesh.  —  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  open ;  to  crack ;  to  split. 

—  n.    A  boy  ;  a  buyer. 
ChS,p'el,  n.    A  place  of  wor- 
ship, [of  a  chapel. 

Chap'el-ry,  n.  Jurisdiction 
gMp'er-on  (shSp''er-5n),  v.  t. 
To  attend  and  protect  in 


a, S, !,  0,  u,  y,  long;  5,  g,  I,  6,  tt,  y,  short ;  eOre,  car, ask,  jiU,  wh;jt ;  gre, v§il,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm: 


CHAPLAIN 


57 


CHILD 


public.  —  n.  A  lady's  attend- 
ant and  protector. 
Chap'lain,  n.    A  clergyman 

of  the  army  or  navy,  &c. 
Chap'lain-Qy,  )  n.  Office 
Ch3,p'lam-ship,  j  of  a  chap- 
lain, [wreath. 
Chap'let,  n.  A  garland  or 
Ch3,p'man  (21),  n.  A  dealer. 
Chaps  (ch6ps),  n.  pi.  The 

iiiouth  or  jaws. 
Ch^p'ter,  n.    A  division  of  a 
book  ;  an  organized  branch 
of  some  body. 
Char,  V.  t.  To  reduce  to  coal. 
•€har'a€-ter,  n.    A  mark  or 
letter  ;     peculiar    quality  ; 
reputation. 
•€har'a€-ter-is'tic,  a.  Con- 
stituting or  indicating  char- 
acter. —  n.      That  which 
marks  the  character. 
■Char'arC-ter-ize,  v.  t.  To  dis- 
tinguish or  express  the  pe- 
culiar qualities  of.  [die. 
ha-rade',  n.  A  kind  of  rid- 
har'-e5al,  n.  Coal  from  wood. 
Charge,  V.  t.    To  impose;  to 
enjoin ;  to  accuse ;   to  im- 
pute ;  to  load.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  an  onset.  —  n.   Care ; 
command  ;  commission  ;  ex- 
pense; onset. 
Charge'a-ble,  a.  Expensive. 
Char'ger,  n.  A  large  dish  ;  a 
war-horse.  [ga-lly- 
Char'i-ly,  adv.  Warily ;  fru- 
Char'i-ot,  n.    A  carriage  of 

pleasure  or  state. 
Char^i-ot-eer',  n.   Driver  of 
a  chariot.  [kind. 
Char'i-ta-ble,  a.     Liberal  ; 
Char'i-ty,  n.    Love  ;  liberal- 
ity ;  alms ;  candor,  [quack. 
Qharl'a-tan  (sharF-),  n.  A 
9harl'a-tan-ry,n.  Quackery. 
Charm,  n.     Magic  power  ; 
spell;  enchantment. — v.  t. 
To  delight ;  to  delude  ;  to 
subdue.  —  r.  t.  To  act  as  a 
charm. 

Charm'ing,  a.  DelightfuL 
Char'nel-house,  n.    A  place 
under  a  church  for  bones  of 
the  dead.  [coasts,  &c. 

Chart,  n.    A  delineation  of 
Char'ter,  n.    A  deed  or  con- 
veyance ;  a  patent  ,•  a  grant. 


—  v.t.To  establish  by  char- 
ter ;  to  let  or  hire,  as  a  ves- 
sel,        [political  reformer. 

Chart'ist,  n.     An  English 

Char'y,  a.  Careful ;  cautious. 

Chase,  v.  t.  To  hunt;  to  pur- 
sue. —  n.  Pursuit ;  a  print- 
er's frame ;  a  wide  groove. 

■eha,§m  (kazm),  n.  A  cleft  ; 
gap;  opening. 

Chaste,  a.    Undefiled;  pure. 

Chas'ten  (chas/n),  v.  t.  To 
correct  by  punishment. 

Chas'ten-ihg,  n.  Correction. 

Chas-tise',  v.  t.  To  correct. 

Chas'tise-ment,  n.  Correct- 
ive puliishment. 

Chas'ti-ty,    j  n.     Purity  of 

Chaste'ness,  )  body  or  words. 

Chat,  V.  i.  To  talk  familiarly. 

—  11.  Idle  or  familiar  talk. 
Qat-t-eau'  (shat-oO,  «•  A 

castle  or  country-seat. 
Ch&t'tel  (chiit/tl),  n.  Any 

movable  property. 
Chapter,  V.  i.  Totalkidly.— 

n.     A  prating;    noise  of 

birds. 

Chat'ter-b6x,  n.    One  who 

talks  incessantly. 
Chat'ty,  a.  Talkative,  [mon. 
Cheap,  a.  Of  low  price ;  com- 
Cheap'en,  v.  t.    To  attempt 

to  buy  ;  to  chaffer  for. 
Cheap'ness,  n.    Lowness  of 

price. 

Cheat,  n.  A  trick ;  a  deceiv- 
er.—f.  t.    To  deceive. 

Check,  V.  t.  To  curb  or  re- 
strain ;  to  mark  off,  as  in  a 
list.  —  n.  Restraint ;  an  or- 
der for  money. 

Check'er,  v.  t.  To  diversify. 

Check'er-board, ;i.  Aboard 
for  playing  checkers  on. 

Check'ers,  n.  pi.  A  game  on 
a  checkered  board. 

ChSck'mate,  n.  A  movement 
in  chess  that  ends  the  game. 

—  V.  t.  To  defeat  com- 
pletely. 

Cheek,  n  .  The  side  of  the  face. 

Cheer,  n.  Mirth  ;  entertain- 
ment ;  acclamation.  —  v.  t. 
To  cause  to  rejoice ;  to  en- 
liven ;  to  salute  by  cheers. 

Cheer'ful,  a.  Lively;  gay; 
sprightly  ;  animated. 


Cheer'ful-ness,  n.    Gayety ; 

ahicrity.  [sad  ;  gloomy. 
Cheer'less,  a*  Comfortless ; 
Cheer'y,  a.  Cay  ;  sprightly. 
Cheege,  n.   The  curd  of  milk 

coagulated  and  pressed. 
Chee§e'-€ake,  n.     A  cake 

made  of  soft  curds,  sugar, 

and  butter. 
■Chem'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 

chemistry. 
Q!he-mi§e'  (she-meezO,  n.  An 

under  garment  of  a  woman. 
•Chem'ist,  n.     One  versed  in 

chemistry. 
-Ch6m'is-try,  n.  Science  that 

treats  of  the  composition  and 

changes  of  sub.<tances. 
Cher'ish,  r.  t.    To  treat  with 

tenderness;  to  nourish. 
Cher'ry,  n.    A  tree  and  its 

fruit. 

■Gher'so-nese,n.  A  peninsula. 
Ch^r'ub  (25),  n.    A  celestial 

spirit ;  an  angel. 
Che-ru'bic,  a.  Angelic,  [skill. 
ChSss,  »i.    A  certain  game  of 
Chess'-board ,  n.     A  board 

used  in  the  game  of  chess. 
Ch6st,  n.    A  large  box ;  the 

thorax. 

Chest'nut,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
nut,  —  a.    Reddish  brown. 

^hev'a-lier'  (shev/-),  t?.  A 
knight ;  horseman  ;  cavalier. 

Chew  (chdo),  r.  t.  To  grind 
with  the  teeth  ;  to  masticate. 

^hi-cane'  (shi-),  I  n.    Shift ; 

Qhi-ean'er-y,     j  trickery. 

Chick,      In.  The  young  of 

Chick'en,  )  fowls. 

Chick'en-hearVed,  a.  Cow- 
ardly ;  timid. 

Chick'en-pox,  n.  A  conta- 
gious eruptive  disease. 

Chick 'weed,  n.    A  Aveed. 

Chide,  V.  t.  [i7?jp.  ciiiD  ;  p.  p. 

CHID,  CHIDDEN.]  To  SCOld. 

Chief,  a.    Highest  in  office  ; 

principal.  —  n.     A  leader; 

commander;  head  of  a  clan. 
Chiefly,  adv.  Principally; 

especially. 
Chieftain,  n.    A  captain  or 

leader. 

Chil'blain,  n,    A  swelling  or 
sore  caused  by  cold.  [ter. 
Child  (22),  n,  Asonordaugh- 


8 


s6n,  or,  do,  wglf,  t(5"o,  tdbk ;  dm,  rye,  piiU ;      ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  u  as  ng ;  this. 


CHILDBED 


58 


CHUM 


Child'bgd,  n.    The  state  of 

travail  or  childbirth. 
Child'birth,  n.  Travail ;  labor. 
Child'hdbd,  n.    State  of  a 

child  ;  time  of  being  a  child. 
Child'ish,  a.    Like  a  child  ; 

simple ;  trifling. 
Chlld'less,a.  Having  no  child. 
Chil'dren,  n.  pL  of  Child. 
Chill  (1),  a.  Cold  ;  inducing  a 

shivering.  —  n.  Moderate 

cold.  —  V.  t.  To  make  cold  ; 

to  discourage. ' 
Chill'i-ness,  n.  Coldness. 
Chill'y,  a.  Somewhat  cold. 
Chime,  n.     A  set  of  bells  or 

the  tune  played  on  them ; 

edge  of  a  cask. — v.  i.  To 

sound  in  harmony. 
Chim'er,  n.  One  who  chimes. 
•Chi-me'ra  (18),  n.    A  vain, 

idle  fancy.  [fanciful. 
■Chi-mer'i-eal,  a.  Imaginary ; 
Chim'ney  (19),  n.    A  flue  or 

passage  for  smoke.  [face. 
Chin,  n.  Lower  end  of  the 
ChPna  ( 18 ) ,  71 .  A  fine  kind  of 

earthen-ware ;  porcelain. 
Chine,     Back-bone ;  part  of 

a  cask  in  which  the  head  is. 
Chink,  n.     Gap;  opening; 

crack.  —  v.    To  crack  ;  to 

jingle. 

Chink'y,  a.    H  iving  chinks. 

Chintz  (chints),  n.  Cotton 
cloth  printed  \\  it\i  colors. 

Chip,  n.  A  piece  cut  off  ;  a 
fragment. — v.  t.  To  cut 
into  small  pieces.  —  v.  i.  To 
break  off  in  small  pieces. 

•€hi-rog'ra-pher,  n.  A  writer. 

•€hl-r6g'ra-phy,n.  One's  own 
hand-writing;  penmanship. 

•Chi'ro-man/Qy,  n.  Divina- 
tion by  inspecting  the  hand. 

•Chi-r6p'o-dist,  n.  One  who 
extracts  corns  from  feet. 

Chirp,  V.  i.  To  make  the 
noise  of  small  birds.  — n.  A 
short,  sharp  note,  as  of  a 
small  bird.  [chirping. 

Chir'rup,  v.t.  To  animate  by 

Chis'el,  n.  A  tool  for  paring, 
hewing,  or  gouging.  — v.  t. 
(8)  To  cut  with  a  chisel. 

Chit,  n.  A  shoot ;  small  child. 

Chit'chat,  n.  Familiar  talk. 

Qhiv'al-ri-e,  a.  Chivalrous. 


Qhiv'al-rous  (shTv^-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  chivalry ;  gallant. 

Qhiv'al-ry  (shiv/al-r^),  n. 
Knight  errantry  ;  valor. 

Chives,  n.  pi.  Threads  in 
blossoms. 

•Ghl5'rine,  n.  Heavy  green- 
ish colored  gas.  [full. 

Chock'-fuU,  a.  Completely 

Choe'o-late,  n.  A  preparation 
of  the  cacao-nut. 

ChoiQe^  n.  Act  of  choosing. — 
a.   Select ;  precious. 

•Choir  (kwTr),  n.  Part  of  a 
church  ;  body  of  singers. 

Choke,  V.  t.  To  stop  the 
windpipe  ;  to  suffocate.  — 
V.  i.  To  have  the  windpipe 
stopped. 

Ch5ke'-d3-mp,  n.  A  noxious 
vapor  in  wells,  mines,  &c. 

Ch5ke'-full,  a.  Full  to  chok- 
ing ;  quite  full. 

Choke'-pear,  n.  A  kind  of 
pear,  very  astringent. 

Ch5k'y,a.  Tending  to  choke. 

■Ghdl'er,  n.  Bile  ;  gall ;  anger. 

■Gh6Per-a,  n.  A  mahgnant 
disease. 

■ChoVer-a-mor'bus.   n.  A 

milder  form  of  cholera. 
•Chol'er-i€,  a.  Passionate. 
Chooge,  V.  t.  [imp.  CHOSE  ; 

p.    p.    CHOSEN,  CFlOSE.j 

To  make  choice  of.  — Syiv. 
To  prefer;  elect.  — v.  i.  To 
make  a  selection. 

Ch6p  (7),  V,  t.  or  i.  To  cut ;  to 
mince  ;  to  barter.  —  n.  A 
small  piece  of  meat,  [house. 

Chop'-house,  n.    A  dining- 

Chdp'ping,  a.  Large  ;  plump. 

Chops,  n,  pL  The  jaws. 

■Cho'ral  (ko^ral),  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  choir. 

■Chord,  n.  String  of  a  musical 
instrument    ;  c 
concord  ;  a 
line     uniting  A/ 
the  extremi- 
ties of  an  arc. 

Chore,  n.  K  , 
small  job  of  ^^^^rd. 
work.  AC,  AB,  chords. 

■Gh6r'is-ter,  n.  A  leader  of  a 
choir ;  a  chorist. 

■Cho-r6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  a  particular  region. 


•ChS'rus  (18),  n.  A  company  of 
singers;  part  of  a  song  in 
which  all  join. 

Cho§e,tm;7.  &[,p.p.of  Choose. 

Cho'gen  (cho'zn),  p.  p.  of 
Choose.     [the  crow  family. 

Chough  (chUf),  n.  A  bird  of 

Chow'der,  w.  Fish,  biscuit, 
&c.,  stewed  together. 

"Chri§m,  n.  Consecrated  oil. 

■Christ,  n.    The  Messiah. 

■Chris'ten  (krTs/n),  v.  t.  To 
baptize  and  name. 

■Chrisaen-dom  (kris'n-),  n. 
Territory  of  Christians. 

■Chris'tian  (krist/yan),  n.  A 
disciple  of  Christ.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  Christ.  —  Chris- 
tian name.,  the  first  name. 

•Ghris-tian'i-ty,  n.  The  re- 
ligion taught  by  Christ. 

■Chris'tian-ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  Christianity. 

•Christ'mas  (kris^mas),  n.  The 
feast  of  Christ's  nativity. 

•Chro-m3,t'i€,  a.  Relating  to 
colors  and  to  a  scale  in  music. 

■Chrome,        )  n.     A  hard 

•Chro'mi-um,  )  brittle  metal 
of  a  grayish-white  color. 

•Chron'ic,  a.  Of  long  duration. 

•Chr6n'i-€le  (krSn'i-kl),  n.  A 
register  of  events. —  v.  t.  To 
record  in  history. 

•Chro-ndl'o-ger,  \n.  One 

■Chro-noPo-gist,  )  who  stud- 
ies or  explains  chronology. 

■ehr6n/o-16g'i€,     )  a.  Per- 

•Chr6n/o-16g'i€-al,  j  taining 
to  chronology. 

•Chro-n61'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  computing  dates. 

■Chro-nom'e-ter,  n.  A  very 
exact  time-piece. 

■Chrys'a-lis,  n.  Form  of  a 
butterfly  before  it  reaches 
the  winged  state,  [mineral. 

•Chrys'o-lite,  n.    A  greenish 

Chub,  n.    A  fresh-water  fish. 

Chub'bed, )  a.    Big-headed  ; 

Chub'by,  i    stupid  ;  thick. 

Chuck,  V.  To  make  a  noise  as 
a  hen.  —  n.  Noise  of  a  hen. 

Chuck'le,  V.  To  laugh  in- 
wardly ;  to  call,  as  a  hen. 

Chuff,  A  coarse,  surly  fel- 
low, if 

Chum,  n.  A  room-mate. 


a,  6,1,  o,  ii,  y,  long ;  5,  6,  J,  o, ii,  5^,  short;  care, car,  ask,  ^11,  whait ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


CHUNK 


59 


CLAIMANT 


Chunk,  n.  A  short,  thick 
piece  of  wood. 

Church  (18),  w.  A  place  of 
worship ;  a  body  of  Chris- 
tians.—v.  /.  To  give  thanks 
for  in  church. 

Chfirch'man  (21),  n.  An 
Episcopalian ;  a  clergyman. 

Church'- war'den  (-wOrMu), 
rt.  An  officer  of  the  church. 

Church'-yard,  n.  A  grave- 
yard near  a  church. 

Chfirl,  n.  A  rustic  ;  a  rough, 
surly  fellow  ;  a  niggard. 

Churl'ish,  a.  Surly  ;  rude. 

Churn,  n.  A  vessel  in  which 
butter  is  made.  —  v.  t.  To 
agitate,  as  cream ,  for  making 
butter. 

■Chyle,  n.  A  milky  fluid  de- 
rived from  chyme. 

•Chyme,  n.  Pulp  formed  from 
food  digested  in  the  stomach. 

Qi€'a-triQe, w.  A  scar;  mark. 

§i-c'a-trize,  v.  To  heal  by 
forming  a  skin  over  a  wound. 

Qi'der,  n.  Juice  of  apples, 
usually  fermented. 

Qi-gar',  n.  A  roll  of  tobacco 
for  smoking.  [eye-lids. 

Qil'i-a-ry,  a.  Belonging  to  the 

Cmct'ure,  n.  A  belt;  girdle. 

Ciii'der,  n.  A  small  coal. 

Qin'na-mon,  n.  The  inner 
bark  of  a  species  of  laurel. 

^inque  (sTuk),  ?i.  The  num- 
ber five  ;  —  used  in  games. 

Qinque'foil,  n.  A  five-leaved 
rl:Jtiette  in  architecture. 

Qi'on,  n.  A  shoot  of  a  tree  for 
grafting. 

Qppher,  n.  The  figure  0  ;  in- 
itial letters  of  a  name  in- 
woven ;  a  secret  writing.  — 
■y.  i.  To  use  figures. 

Qir'-ele,n.  Around  ^  

figure;  an  orb;/  >, 
surrounding  com-f  J 
pany  ;  a  prov-V  J 
ince. —  I'.  To  move  ^v^,,^ 
round  or  circular-  circle 

Qlr'-cuit  (sir^kit),  w.  A  dis- 
trict. —  V.  t.  To  make  to  go 
round.  [about, 
ir-eu'i-toiis,  n.  ^ound 
ir'-eu-lar,  a.  Round  like  a 
circle  ;  ending  in  itself. 


Qir/€U-lS.r'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  circular,  [cular  form. 

5ir'€u-lar-ly,  adv.    In  a  cir- 

5ir'€u-late,  v.  i.  To  move 
round. —  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
pass  round. 

gir^-eu-la'tion,  n.  A  passing 
round  ;  currency. 

5ir/€um-am'bi-ent,  a.  Sur- 
rounding. 

Qir-€um-am'bu-late,  v.  t. 
To  walk  round  about. 

Qir'-cum-Qi§e,  v.  t.  to  de- 
prive of  the  foreskin. 

Qir^-cum-Qig'ion  (-sTzh''un), 
n.  Act  of  circumcising. 

Qir-eum'fer-enge,  n.  The 
line  that  bounds  the  circle. 

^ir'-eum-flex,  n.  An  accent 
marked  thus  (  "  or  "  ). 

Qir-eum'flu-enQC,  n.  Flow- 
ing round.  [round. 
ir-€um'flu-ent,  a.  Flowing 
ir^-cum-fuge',  v.  t.  To  pour 
or  spread  round. 

Qir''€um-fu'§ion,  n.  Act  of 
pouring  round.  [around. 
ir/€um-ja'gent,  a.  L>ing 
ir^eum-fo-^u'tion,  n.  The 
use  of  indirect  expressions. 

Qir/-cum-l6-e'u-to-ry,  a.  Con- 
sisting in  circumlocution. 

Qir-'-euni-nav'i-gate,  v.  t.  To 
sail  round,     [sailing  round. 

CIr/€um-nav'i-ga'tion,  n.  A 

Cir/-cum-nav'i-ga^tor,  n. 

*  One  who  sails  around. 

Qir^^um-po'lar,  a.  About 
one  of  the  poles  of  the  earth. 

Qir^-eum-s-erlbe',  v.  t.  To  in- 
close ;  to  limit. 

Qir/-eum-s-erip'tion,n.  Limi- 
tation ;  confinement. 

Qir'€um-spe€t,  a.  Guarded  ; 
prudent ;  wary. 

Qir'-eum-spe-c'tion,  n.  Vigi- 
lance ;  watchfulness. 

Qir'-eum-stange,  n.  Some- 
thing pertaining  to  a  fact, 
but  not  essential  thereto  ; 
(pi.)  state  as  to  property.  — 
Syn.  Fact ;  event ;  incident. 
—  V.  t.  To  place  in  a  partic- 
ular situation. 

Qir'-eum-stan'tial,  a.  Par- 
ticular ;  minute ;  abounding 
■with  circumstances. 

Qir^-eum-stan'tial§,  n.  pi. 


Things  incident,  but  not  es- 
sential. 

Qir^-eum-val-la'tion,  n.  A 
fortification  round  a  place. 

Qir/cum-vent',  r.  t.  To  de- 
ceive. 

^ir^€um-vSn'tion,  n.  De- 
ception; imposture:  fraud. 

Qir'€us,  n.  A  place  for  games 
or  feats  of  horsemanship. 

Qis-al'pine,  a.  South  of  tho 
Alps,    [side  of  the  Atlantic. 

Cis'at-lan'ti-e,  a.    On  this 

Qis'tern,  n.  A  large  vessel 
for  water,  &c. ;  reservoir; 
tank.  [tempt. 

Cit,  n.    A  citizen;  —  in  con- 

Qit'a-del,  n.  A  fortress  in  or 
near  a  city.  [quotation. 

QT-ta'tion,  n.    A  summons  ; 

Qi'ta-to-ry,  a.  Citing ;  caUing. 

Qite,  V.  t.  To  summon  ;  to 
quote. 

Qit'i-zen,  n.  An  inhabitant 
of  a  city  ;  a  freeman. 

Qit'ri€,  a.  Belonging  to  lem- 
ons, [on. 

Qit'ron,  n.    A  species  of  1cm- 

Qit'y(19),n.  An  incorporated 
town  ;  a  large  town. 

Qiv'et,  n.  A  quadruped,  and 
a  perfume  produceil  by  it. 

Civ'i€,  a.  llelating  to  civil 
hfe. 

Qiv'il,  a.  Pertaining  to  a  city 
or  state,  or  to  society  ;  cour- 
teous ;  polite. 

Qi-vil'ian,  n.  One  versed  in 
civil  law  ;  one  in  a  civil  ca- 
pacity, [courtesy, 
i-vil'i-ty,  n.  Politeness  ; 
iv/il-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
civilizing. 

Civ'il-Tze,  V.  t.  To  reclaim 
from  barbarism.  [lite, 
iv'il-ized,  a.  Polished ;  po- 
iv'il-ly,  adv.  In  a  civil  man- 
ner. 

■Clack,  v.i.  To  make  a  sudden 

sharp  noise,  as  by  striking. 

—  n.  A  sudden  sharp  noise. 
■Clack'er,n.  One  who,  or  that 

which,  clacks. 
■Clad,  p.  p.  of  Clothe. 
■Claim,  V.  t.    To  demand  ;  to 

require.  —  n.    A  demand  as 

of  right ;  a  title. 
■Claim'ant,n.  One  who  claims. 


66n,  6r,  do,  W9lf,  tob,  took  ;  dm,  rjje,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  ij  as  ng ;  this. 


CLAIRVOYANCE 


60 


CLIP 


•€lair-voy'ange.  n.  Discern- 
ment of  things  not  present 
to  the  senses. 

•Claim,  w.  A  bivalve  shell-fish. 

■t^lam'ber,  v.  i.  To  climb 
with  hands  and  feet. 

"CianVmi-nesSjn.  Stickiness. 

€lain'my,  a.  Viscous  ;  sticky. 

■Glam'or,  n.  Noise  of  voices. 
—  V.  i.    To  be  vociferous. 

■Clam'or-ous,  a.  Noisy  with 
the  tongue  ;  loud  ;  vocifer- 
ous. 

•Clamp,  n.  A  piece  of  iron  or 
timber  for  fastening  things 
together.  —  v.  t.  To  unite 
or  strengthen  by  a  clamp. 

•Clan,  n.  A  family  ;  race  ; 
tribe  ;  sect. 

•Clan-des'tme,  a.  Concealed. 

•C15,ng,  V.  i.  To  make  a  sharp 
shrill  sound.  —  71.  A  sharp 
ringing  sound.  [sound. 

•Cl^n'gor,  n.    A  loud,  harsh 

•Clank,  n.  A  loud  ringing 
sound,  as  of  a  chain.  — 1\  t. 
To  make  a  noise. 

•Ciap  (7),  V.  t.  To  strike  to- 
gether.—  n.  A  striking  of 
hands. 

•Clap'board  (klaVurd),  n.  A 
narrow  kind  of  board  for 
covering  houses. 

•Cl§,p'per,  n .  One  who,  or  that 
which,  claps. 

•Clap'- trap,  n.  A  trick  or 
device  to  gain  applause. 

•Clar'et,  71.    A  French  wine. 

•Clar'i-fy ,  v.t.To  make  clear ; 
to  purify. 

•Clar^i-net',    )  n.  A  wind  in- 

•Clar''i-o-net',  )  strument. 

•Ci3,r'i-on,  n.  A  wind  instru- 
ment of  the  reed  kind. 

■ClS-sh,  V.  t.  To  strike  noisily 
against.  —  v.  i.  To  dash 
noisily  together.  —  n.  Noisy 
collision. 

•Clash'ing,  a.  Contrary  ;  in- 
terfering. —  w.  Opposition ; 
collision. 

•Clasp,  n.  A  hook ;  a  close 
embrace. — v.  t.  To  em- 
brace ;  to  hold  fast ;  to  in- 
close. 

•Class  (2),  71.  A  group ;  a 
rank  ;  an  order.  — v.  t.  To 
arrange  in  a  class. 


•C13,s'si€,  n.  An  author  of 
the  first  rank. 

•Clas'si-e,      )  a.  Pertaining  to 

■Cl^S'si€-al,  j  authors  of  ac- 
knowledged excellence. 

•Clas^si-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
arranging  in  classes. 

-Clas'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  form  a 
class. 

•Clat'ter,  n.  A  rattling  noise. 

—  V.  I.  To  make  rattling 
sounds. 

•Cl^t'ter-ing,  n.  Clatter  ;  rat- 
tle ;  confusion  of  sounds. 

■Claiige,  71.  Part  of  a  sentence. 

■Claw,  71.  A  hooked  nail.  — 
V.  t.    To  tear  with  claws. 

•Clay,  n.  A  kind  of  soft  earth. 

—  V.  t.  To  manure,  or  to 
purify,  with  clay.  [clay. 

-Glay'ey,  a.    Consisting  of 

•Clean,  a.  Free  from  dirt; 
pure.  —  V.  t.  To  free  from 
dirt  ;  to  purify.  —  adv. 
Fully  ;  entirely. 

Clean'li-ness  (13),  n.  Neat- 
ness ;  purity. 

Clean'ly  (klgn^lJ'O,  I'^ee 
from  dirt ;  neat. 

Clean'ly,  adv.  Nicely. 

Cleanse,  r.  t.    To  purify. 

Clear,  a.  Free  from  mixture  ; 
pure  ;  audible  ;  indisput- 
able. —  n.  Full  extent.  — 
V.  t.  To  free  from  impuri- 
ties ;  to  acquit ;  to  pass  over. 

—  V.  i.  To  become  fair  ;  to 
become  free  ;  to  have  per- 
mission to  sail.  —  adv. 
Plainly  ;  completely. 

Qlear'ange,  n.  A  permit  to 
sail. 

Clear'ing,  71.  A  justification ; 

defense  ;    a  tract  of  land 

cleared  of  wood. 
Ciear'ly,    adv.     Brightly ; 

plainly  ;  evidently. 
•Cleat,  71.    A  narrow  li' 

strip  for  fastening.  f|l  M 
Cleav'age,  n.    Actor  J.LIf 

quality  of  cleaving.  W 
Cleave,  v.  i.    [i7vp.  f  / 

CLEAVED  ;     p.     p.  ' 
CLEFT,      CLOVEN,  Cleat. 
CLEAVED.]    To  Stick ;  to 
adhere.  —  v.  t.    To  split. 
"Cleav'er,  n.  A  butcher's  in- 
strument. 


■Clgf  (1),  71.  (Mus.)  A  charac- 
ter to  show  the  key. 

-Cleft,  p.;?.  or;?,  a.  Split ;  di- 
vided.—  n.  A  crack  ;  a  split. 

■eiem'en-gy,  n.  A  disposition 
to  treat  with  lenity.  —  Syn. 
Mildness  ;  tenderness  ;  len- 
ity ;  kindness. 

•Clem'ent,  a.    Mild  ;  kind. 

€ler'gy,  n.  The  ministers 
of  the  gospel. 

Cler'gy-man  (21),  n.  A  min- 
ister of  the  gospel. 

■Cler'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  clergy. 

■Clerk  {in  Eng.  kliirk).  n.  A 
parish  officer  ;  a  scribe  ;  an 
accountant ;  an  assistant  in 
a  shop.  [clerk. 

•Clerk'ship,  n.    Office  of  a 

■Clev'er,  a.  Dexterous;  ex- 
pert ;  adroit ;  agreeable. 

■Clev'is,  )  71.    A  bent  iron  on 

■Clev'y,  /  the  end  of  a  cart- 
tongue,  plow-beam,  &c. 

■Clew,  71.  A  "ball  of  thread  ; 
a  guide ;  corner  of  a  sail.  — 
V.  t.  To  truss  up  to  the  yard. 

■Click,  V.  i.  To  make  a  small 
sharp  noise  ;  to  tick.  —  71. 
A  sharp  noise.  [attorney. 

■Cli'ent,  n.    Employer  of  an 

Cliff  (1),  71.  A  steep  rock  ;  a 
precipice.  [craggy. 

■Cliffy,  a.     Having  cliffs  ; 

•Cli-m^-e'ter-i-e,  n.  A  critical 
period  of  human  life. 

■ClPmate,  n.  A  region  or  tract 
of  country  ;  condition  of  a 
place  as  to  temperature,  &c. 

•Cli'max,  71.  Gradation  or  as- 
cent in  a  sentence. 

•Climb  (klTm),  v.  To  mount 
by  hands  and  feet. 

■Clime,  71.    A  climate. 

-Clinch,  V.  t.  To  gripe ;  to 
hold  fast.  —  71.    Fast  hold. 

•Cling,  V.  t.  [i7np.  &  p.  p. 
CLUNG.]  To  adhere;  to 
hang  to  or  upon. 

■Clm'i-e,      )  a.  Pertaining  to 

•Clm'i-e-al,  j    a  sick  bed. 

•Clink,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  make,  or 
to~cause  to  make,  a  slightly 
ringing  sound. 

■Clmk'er,  71.  Vitrified  matter 
which  collects  in  furnaces. 

Olip  (7),  1'.       To  cut  short. 


5,S,I,o,ii,y,  Zens'/ 


5^, short ;  care,  ciir,  dsk,  gU,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  tSrm ;  pique,  ttnn ; 


CLIPPER 


61 


COCK-LOFT 


•€lip'per,  n.    One  who  clips ; 

a  vessel  for  fast  sailing, 
■eiip'ping,  n.    That  which  is 

cUpped  off. 
■€loak,  V.  t.    To  cover  with  a 

cloak  ;  to  conceal.  —  n.  A 

loose  outer  garment. 
•C16ck,  n.   An  instrument  for 

measuring  time. 
■ei6ck'-work    (-wQrk),  n. 

Well-adjustei\  machinery, 

like  that  of  a  clock. 
•C16d,  n.    A  lump  of  earth. 
•€16d'h6p-per,  n.   A  rustic; 

a  clown, 
•eioff ,  n.    See  Clough. 
■C16g,  y.  t.  To  hinder  in  motion. 

—  n.  Obstruction;  a  kind 
of  heavy  shoe,  often  of  wood. 

•Clois'ter,  n.  A  nunnery  or 
monastery.  —  v.  t.  To  im- 
mure in  a  cloister. 

•€15§e,  V.  t.  To  shut ;  to  con- 
clude. —  V.  i.  To  unite  ;  to 
terminate.  —  n.  Conclu- 
sion ;  a  small  inclosed  field. 

•€15se,  a.  Shut  fast ;  private ; 
solid ;  niggardly ;  sly.  — adv. 
In  a  close  manner  or  state. 

•eiose'-fist'ed,  a.  Covetous. 

•€15se'ly  (10),  adv.  In  a  close 
manner  ;_very  near. 

•Close'-stdbl,n.  A  stool  made 
to  hold  a  chamber-vessel. 

•€163'et,  n.  A  small  private 
apartment.  — v.  t.  To  shut 
up  in  privacy. 

•Clo§'ing,  n.  End ;  conclu- 
sion.—  a.  Concluding. 

•€lo§'ure  (klo/zhijr),  n.  A 
closing ;  inclosure. 

■G16t,  n.  A  concretion ;  coagu- 
lation. —  V.    To  form  clots. 

•eioth,  n.  {pi.  -ei6tiis.)  Any 
material  formed  by  weaving. 

•Clothe,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
CLAD,  CLOTHED.]  To  fur- 
nish with  garments. 

Clothes  (klothz  or  kloz),  n. 
pi.    Dress ;  garments. 

•Cloth'ier  (-yer),  n.  One  who 
makes,  sells,  or  fulls  cloth. 

•Cloth'ing,  n.  Garments. 

•€loud,  71.  Collection  of  vapor. 

—  V.  t.  To  darken  with 
clouds ;  to  obscure. 

■Cloud'i-riess,  n.  State  of 
being  cloudy. 


■eioud'less,  a.  Free  from 
clouds.      [clouds;  obscure. 

■eioud'y,  a.     Covered  with 

■Glout,  n.  A  patch  ;  cloth.  — 
V.  t.    To  patch  ;  to  mend. 

■€love,  n.  A  pungent  spice.  — 
imp.  of  Cleave. 

•€lo'ven  (klo^vn),  p.  p.  or  p. 
a.  of:  Cleave.    Cleft ;  split. 

■eio'ven-fdbVed,  a.  Having 
the  hoof  in  two  parts. 

•Clo'ver,  n.  A  genus  of  plants. 

■Glown,  n.  A  rustic  ;  au  ill- 
bred  man ;  a  buffoon. 

■Clown'ish,  a.  Coarse ;  rustic. 

-Gloy,  V.  t.    To  fill  to  satiety. 

■eiub,  n.  A  heavy  stick  ;  au 
association .  —  v.  i.  To  join 
in  common  expense,  or  for  a 
common  end. 

-eiub'-f dotted,  a.  Having  de- 
formed feet. 

•Club'-law,  n.  Government  by 
violence. 

■eiuck,  V.  i.  To  call,  as  a  hen. 

•€lue,  n.    See  Clew. 

■Glump,  n.  A  cluster  of  trees. 

■eium'gy,  a.  Awkward  :  ill- 
made.  [  Cling. 

■eiung,  imp.  and  p.  p.  of 

■Glus'ter,  n.  A  bunch ;  a 
collection. — v.  t.  or  i.  To 
uni.  e  in  a  bunch. 

■eiutch,  n.  A  gripe  ;  grasp  ; 
claw  ;  [pi.)  hands  ;  rapacity. 
—  V.  t.  To  seize  and  hold 
fast ;  to  gripe. 

•€lut'ter,  n.  A  noise ;  confu- 
sion ;  disorder.  —  v.  t.  To 
crowd  together  in  disorder. 

■€lj^s'ter,  n.    An  injection. 

-Goach,  n.  A  four-wheeled  car- 
riage for  pleasure  or  travel- 
ing, [drives  a  coach. 

•€6ach'man  (21),  n.  One  who 

■Go'^ad-ju'tor,  n.  An  assistant. 

•€5/ad-ju'trix,  n.  A  female 
assistant. 

•€o-a'^ent,  n.    An  assistant. 

•€o-ag'u-late,  v.    To  curdle. 

■eo-ag^u-la'tion,  n.  The  pro- 
cess of  curdling. 

■Go-ag'u-la-tive,  a.  Having 
power  to  coagulate. 

■eo-ag'u-lura,  n.  A  coagu- 
lated mass,  as  curd  ;  runnet. 

•€6al,  n.  Wood  charred ;  a 
black  combustible  fossil. 


€5^a-16sQe'  (-less/),  v.  i.  To 

grow  together  ;  to  unite. 
■Go/a-les'Qenge,  n.    The  act 

of  uniting ;  union. 
■€o/a-H'tion    (-lish'un),  n. 

Union  of  persons,  parties,  or 

states. 

•e5al'-mme,  \  n.    A  mine  or 
■Goal'-pit,     j    pit  where  coal 
is  dug. 

•€5arse,  a.      Large;  gross; 

rude  ;  rough  ;  not  refined.  , 
■€6arse'ness,  n.    Quality  of 

being  coarj^e. 
■Goast,  n.    Land  next  the  sea. 

—  V.  i.  To  sail  along  the 
shore. 

■Goast'er,  n.  A  person  or  ves- 
sel that  sails  near  a  coast. 

■Goat,  n.  A  man's  upper  gar- 
ment ;  fur  or  hair  of  a 
beast ;  an  external  covering. 

—  V.  t.  To  cover  with  a  coat. 
-Goat'ing,  n.  Act  of  covering ; 

cloth  for  coats. 
•G59.X,  V.  t.    To  wheedle ;  to 

persuade  by  flattery. 
■G6b,  n.  Spike  of  maize ;  pony. 
■Go'balt,  n.  A  brittle  reddish 

gray  mineral. 
■G6b'ble,  n.  A  roundish  stone. 

—  v.t.  To  mend  coarsely  or 
clumsily,  as  shoes. 

■G6b'bler,  n.  A  mender  of 
shoes. 

•G6b'web,  n.  A  spiders  web. 
-G6ch'i-neal,  n.     An  insect 

used  to  dye  scarlet. 
•G6€h'le-a-ry,  I  a.     In  the 
■G6€h'le-a/ted,  j    form  of  a 

screw. 

•G6ck,  n.    The  male  of  birds. 

—  v.t.    To  set  erect. 
■Goek-ade',  n.  A  knot  of  rib- 
bon worn  on  the  hat. 

■G6ck'a-triQe,  n.    A  fabulous 

serpent.  [boat. 
■Gock'-boat,  n.  A  ship's  small 
■G6ck'er-el,  n.  A  young  cock. 
■Gock'-flght  (-nt),  n.  Battle 

between  cocks. 
■G6ck '-horse,  n.    A  child's 

rocking-horse. 
•GSck'le  (kok'l),       A  weed; 

darnel;  a  shell-fish.  —  v.  t. 

To  wrinkle. 
■G6ck'-16ft,  n.    A  room  over 

the  garret ;  a  lumber-room. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  toD,  t<Jbk ;  (irn,  rjje,  pijill ;  p,  ^,  soft;  -g,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  a  as  ng ;  this. 


COCimEY 


62 


COLLECTIVE 


Cocoa. 


€6ck'ney  (19),  n.  A  natire 
of  Loudon. 

•Cock'pit,  n.  An  area  where 
cocks  fight ;  a  room  in  a 
ship  under  the  gun-deck. 

•Gock'roach,  n.  A  trouble- 
some kind  of  beetle. 

■€6ck's'-e6mb  (-kom),  n. 
Crest  of  a  cock  ;  a  plant. 

•€6ck'swain  (or  kok-'sn),  n. 
An  officer  who  has  the  care 
of  a  boat  and.  boat's  crew. 

•€o'€oa  (ko^k5),  n. 
A  palm-tree  bear- 
ing the  cocoa- 
nut  ;  the-  choco- 
late-tree, and  a 
decoction  of  the 
nut  or  the  paste. 

•G5'-e6a-nut,  n.  The  nut  of 
a  kind  of  palm-tree. 

•€o-eoon'  (18);  n.  A  ball  spun 
by  the  silkworm. 

•Cod,  n.  A  sea-fish  ;  a  husk ; 
a  pod ;  a  bag.        [of  laws. 

•Code,  n.    A  system  or  digest 

•Cod'ger,  n.  A  covetous  or 
clownish  fellow.  [will. 

•Cod'i-Qil,  n.  Supplement  to  a 

■Co/di-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
reducing  laws  to  a  system. 

•Co'di-fy,  V.  t.  To  reduce  to  a 
code  or  digest,  as  laws. 

•God'dle,  V.  i.  To  parboil ;  to 
treat  tenderly. 

•Co^ef-fi'cien-Qy  (-fish/en-), 
n.    Joint  operation. 

•Co^ef-fi'dent  (-fish/ent),  n. 
That  which  co-operates. 

•Co-e'qual,  a.  Equal  with  an- 
other. 

•Co''e-qual'i-ty  (-kwol-),  n. 
Equality  with  another. 

•Co-erge',  v.  t.  To  restrain  by 
force.  —  Syn.  To  check  ; 
constrain  ;  compel. 

•Co-er'cion,  n.  Restraint ; 
compulsion.  [by  force. 

•Co-er'Qive,  a.  Restraining 

•Co-'es-sSn'tial,  a.  Partaking 
of  the  same  essence.  [nal. 

•C6''e-ter'nal,  a.  Equally  eter- 

•Co^e-ter'ni-ty,  n.  Equal  ex- 
istence or  eternity. 

•Co-e'val,  a.  Of  the  same  age. 
—  n.   One  of  the  same  age. 

■C6''-ex-ist',  V.  i.  To  exist  to- 
gether. 


•€6/-ex-!st'enQe,n.  Existence 

at  the  same  time. 
■Co^-ex-ist'ent,  a.  Existing  at 

the  same  time. 
■Co^-ex-tend',  v.  t.  To  extend 

through  the  same  space. 
■Co/-ex-ten'sion,  n.  Equal 
extension.  [extensive. 
•Co^-ex-ten'sive,  a.  Equally 
■Coffee,  n.  The 
berry     of  a 
tropical  tree, 
or  liquor  made 
from  it.  ^ 
-e6f'fee-house,^9 
n.   A  house  of  Coffee, 
entertainment. 
■Coffer,  n.  A  chest,  especially 

one  for  money. 
■Coffin,  n.    A  box  for  a  dead 
human  body.  —  v.  t.  To 
put  in  a  coffin. 
-Cog,  n.  The  tooth  of  a  wheel. 
—  V.  t.     To  furnish  with 
cogs  ;  to  deceive  ;  to  wheedle. 
■Co'gen-gy,  n.    Power;  ur- 
gency ;  strength  ;  force. 
•Co'gent,  a.     Having  great 
force.  —  SVN.  Powerful ;  ur- 
gent ;  forcible ;  convincing. 
•Cog'i-tate,  y.  i.    To  reflect; 

to  meditate.  [thought. 
■Cog^i-ta'tion,  n.  Deep 
■Cog'i-ta-tive,    a.    Able  to 

think  ;  given  to  thought. 
-Gdg'nate,  a.  Born  together ; 

allied  by  blood  or  birth. 
•Cdgn'iac  )  (kon'yak),  n.  The 
•Cogn'a-e  )     best  of  brandy. 
•Cog-nftion,  (-nish^un),  n. 

Knowledge ;  object  known. 
■C6g'ni-za-ble    [or  k6n'i-za- 
bl),  a.    Liable  to  be  tried  or 
examined. 
■Cdg'ni-zange     {or  kon^i- 
zanss),  n.    Knowledge  ;  no- 
tice ;  judicial  notice. 
•Cog'- wheel,  n.  A  wheel  with 

cogs  or  teeth. 
■Co-hab'it,  v.  i.     To  live  as 

man  and  wife. 
■Co^hab-it-a'tion,  n.  A  living 

together. 
■G6-hgir'(-ar'')  ,w.  A  joint  heir. 
■Co-here',  v.  i.    To  stick  to- 
gether ;  to  be  united. 
■Co-her'enge,   )  n.  A  sticking 
■Co-her'en-Qy, )  together. 


•Co-her'ent,  n.  Sticking  to- 
gether ;  consistent. 

•Co-he'sion,  n.  Sticking  to- 
gethe'r  ;  state  of  union. 

■Co-he'sive,  a.  Sticking ;  ad- 
hesive. 

•Co'h6rt,n.  A  body  of  soldiers. 

■Coif,  n.  A  head-dress.  — v.  t. 
To  cover  with  a  coif. 

•Coil,  V.  t.  To  wind  into  a 
ring.  —  n.  Circular  form, 
as  of  a  rope  or  serpent. 

•Coin,  n.  Metal  stamped  for 
money.  —  v.  t.  To  stamp 
metal.  [money  coined. 

•Coin'age,  «.   Act  of  coining ; 

■Co^in-Qide',  v.  i.  To  agree  ;  to 
concur.  [ment. 

■Co-in'gi-denQe,  n.  Agree- 

■Co-m'gi-dent,  a.  Occurring 
or  agreeing  together. 

-Coke,  n.  Mineral  coal  charred. 

•Col'an-der  (kul/-),  n.  A  kind 
of  strainer. 

■Cold,  a.  Not  warm  ;  frigid  ; 
chill ;  reserved.  —  n.  vSensa- 
tion  produced  by  want  oi 
heat ;  a  form  of  disease. 

-Cole'wort  (-wQrt),  n.  A  cab- 
bage cut  young.  [els. 

•Col'i-C,  n.  A  pain  in  the  bow- 

•Col'ick-y,  a.  Pertaining  to 
colic. 

■Col-iapse',  V.  i.  To  fall  to- 
gether. —  71.  A  sudden  fall- 
ing together. 

-CoPlar,  n.  Something  worn 
around  the  neck  ;  a  ring.  — 
V.  t.  To  put  a  collar  on ;  to 
seize  by  the  collar. 

•Col-late', -y.  t.  To  compare; 
to  examine;  to  gather  and 
place  in  order. 

•Col-lat'er-al,  a.  Being  on  the 
side  ;  indirect. 

■Col-la' tion,  n.  A  repast ;  gift ; 
act  of  comparing,  [in  office. 

•C61 'league,  n.    An  associate 

•Col-le-et',  V.  t.or  i.  To  gather. 

•C6rie€t,  n.    A  short  prayer. 

■Col-16-et'ed,  a.  Cool ;  com- 
posed. 

•Col-le€'tion,  n.  Act  of  col- 
lecting; that  which  is  col- 
lected. —  Syn.  Assemblage ; 
a  contribution  ;  a  gathering. 
•Col-le-ct'ive,  a.  Formed  by 
gathering ;  inferring. 


gerner.  X/O-licl'eii-yy,  ^      Logei/uei.  g;ibiit;riug ,  auiernug. 

a,  e,  I,  o,  U,  y,  long;  2, e, T,  6,  Q,  J,  short ;  care,  car,  &sk,  gU,  wh^t ;  gre,  vgil, t5rm ;  pique*  firm ; 


COLLECTIVELY 


G3 


COMMENDATION 


•Col-16€t'ive-ly,  adv.    In  a 
body.       [receiver  of  taxes. 
■Col-l§€t'or,  n.  A  gatherer  ;  a 
"€61'lei5;e,  n.    An  assembly  or 
society  ;  a  seminary  of  learn- 
ing. 

•€ol-le'gi-al,   )  a.  Pertaining 

•Col-le  'gi-ate ,  j     to  a  co  1  lege . 

•Col-le'^i-an,  n.  A  member  of 
a  college.  [er. 

•Col-lide',  V.  i.  To  dash  togeth- 

•S6Il'ier  (kol/yer)^  n.  A  dig- 
ger of,  or  dealer  in,  coals  ;  a 
coal-ship. 

•€611'ier-y,  n.  A  coal-mine. 

•Col-lig'ion  (-lizh/un),  n.  A 
striking  together.  [place. 

•€61'lo-eate,  v.  t.    To  set  or 

•edPlo-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
placing ;  arrangement. 

"Cdl'lop,  n.  A  cut  or  slice,  as 
of  meat. 

■Gol-lo'qui-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  used  in,  conversation. 

■€ol-I6'qui-al-isni ,  n.  An  ex- 
pression used  only  in  con- 
versation. 

•C61'lo-quy  (19),  n.  A  mutual 
conversation  between  two. 

•Col-lude',  V.  i.  To  conspire 
in  a  fraud. 

•€ol-lu'§ion,  n.  A  secret  agree- 
ment to  defraud. 

•€ol-lv'sive,  a.  Deceitful. 

•€6'lon,  n.  A  point  or  mark 
formed  thus  [ :  ]. 

Colonel  (kflr'nel),  n.  The 
commander  of  a  regiment. 

•€olonel-gy  (kdr^nel-),  )  n. 

■eolonel-ship,  j  Of- 

fice or  rank  of  a  colonel. 

•€o-lo'ni-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  colony  or  colonies. 

•C61'o-nist,  n.  A  member  or 
inhabitant  of  a  colony. 

•CSPo-ni-za'tion,  n.  The  set- 
tling of  a  colony. 

•C61'o-nize,  v.  t.  To  plant  or 
pettle  with  inhabitants. 

•€6Pon-nade',  n.  A  row  or 
range  of  columns. 

-C61'o-ny,  n.  A  body  of  people 
who  remove  and  settle  in  a 
distant  country,  continuing 
subject  to  the  parent  state  ; 
the  country  colonized. 

€!61'or  (kuPur).  n.  A  property 
of  light ;  paint ;  pretense ; 


{pl.)cL banner  ;  flag ;  ensign. 

—  V.  t.    To  dye;  to  stain. 

—  V.  i.    To  blush. 
■Col'or-a-ble,  a.   Designed  to 

cover  or  conceal ;  plausible. 

€61'or-less,  a.  Without  color. 

•€o-16s'sal,  a.    Huge  in  size. 

•€o-16s'sus,  n.  {Lat.  pi.  -Go- 
16s'si;  Eng.  pi.  -Co-lds'- 
SUS-e§).  A  statue  of  gigan- 
tic size. 

■€olt,  n.    A  young  horse. 

■€ol'ter,    )  n.  Sharp  fore-iron 

■GouPter, )    of  a  plow. 

■efil'um-bine,  n.    A  plant. 

•€61'umn  (kul''um),  n.  Cylin- 
drical pillar  ;  perpendicular 
£et  of  lines  in  a  book ;  a 
body  of  troops.  [umn. 

•€o-lum'nar,  a.    Like  a  col- 

■Go-lure',  n.  One  of  two  great 
circles  intersecting  the  sol- 
stitial or  equinoctial  points. 

•€5'ma,  n.  Hairiness  of  a 
comet ;  lethargy. 

■eo'Ina-tose^  a.  Lethargic. 

-Gomb  (kom),  ?}.  An  instru- 
ment for  dressing  the  hair  ; 
crest  of  a  cock  ;  substance  in 
which  bees  lodge  honey.  — 
V.  t.   To  dress  with  a  comb. 

■e6m'bat,  n.  A  battle  ;  fight ; 
contest. — V.  t.  To  fight 
with  ;  to  oppose.  — v.  i.  To 
struggle  or  contend. 

■€6m'bat-ant,  n.  A  champion. 

•€6m'ba-tive,  n.  Disposed  to 
combat.     [being  combined. 

-eoin-bin'a-ble,a.  Capable  of 

■€6m/bi-na'tion,  71.  Union  or 
association.  —  Syn.  Coali- 
tion ;  conspiracy. 

"€om-bme',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
unite  ;  to  join  ;  to  agree. 

-eom-bus^ti-biPi-ty,  ) 

■eom-bus'ti-ble-ness,  j 
Quality  of  being  combusti- 
ble, or  of  burning. 

€om-bus'ti-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  burning.  —  n.     A  sub- 
stance that  will  burn. 
■€om-biis'tion  (-bQst/yun),  n. 

A  burning ;  conflagration. 
•€6me  (kiim),  v.  i.  [imp. 

CAME  ;    p.  p.  COME.]  To 
move  toward  ;  to  approach  ; 
to  draw  near.  [comedies. 
•Go-me'di-an,  n.  An  actor  of 


■G6m'e-dy,  n.  A  humorous 
dramatic  piece.  [ty. 

■Gome'li-ness,  n.  Grace :  beau- 

•Gome'ly,  a.  Handsome  ; 
graceful. 

■Gom'et,  n.  A  heavenly  body 
with  a  luminous  train. 

■Gom'fit,  n.  A  dry  sweetmeat. 

-Gom'fort  (kdm  -),  v.  t.  To 
cheer  under  affliction  or  de- 
pression .  —  n.  A  relief  from 
pain  ;  consolation. 

■Gom^fort-a-ble,  a.  Affording 
or  enjoying  ease. 

■Gom'fort-er,  n.  One  who 
comforts;  the  Holy  Spirit. 

-Gom'fort-less,  a.  Without 
comfort.  [plant. 

■Gom'frey,  n.     A  medicinal 

■G6m'i€,  a.  Relating  to  com- 
"edy  ;  droll.  [droll. 

■G6m'i-e-al,    a.     Diverting  ; 

■Gom'ing  (11),  a.  i'uture.— 
n.  Approach. 

■G6m'i-ty,  n.  Courtesy  of  in- 
tercourse; civility. 

■Gom'ma  (19),  n.  A  point  (,) 
in  writing  and  printing. 

■Gom-mand',  v.  t.  To  order ; 
to  direct ;  to  govern.  —  v.  t. 
To  have  supreme  authority. 

—  n.    Order;  injunction. 
■GSm^man-dajit',  n.   A  com- 
manding oflRcer. 

■Gom-mand'er,  n.  One  who 
directs. 

•Gom-mand'er-y, )  n.  A  man- 

-Gom-mand'ry,  j  or  be- 
longing to  an  order  of 
knights.  [command. 

■Gom-mand'ing,  a.  Fitted  to 

•Gom-mand'ment,  n.  Com- 
mand ;  order^  injunction. 

•Gom-mgm'o-rate,  v.  t.  To 
celebrate  by  a  solemn  act. 

■Gom-mem/o-ra'tion,  n.  A 
solemn  public  celebration. 

■Gom-m6m'o-ra-tive,  a.  Pre- 
serving the  memory  of. 

■Gom-menge',  v.  t.  To  begin. 

—  V.  i.    To  take  rise. 
•Gom-menge'ment,  n.  Be- 
ginning ;  day  of  taking  de- 
grees in  an  American  collega 

•Gom-mend',  v.  t.  To  praise  ; 

to  recommend.  [of  praise. 
■Gom-mend'a-ble,  a.  ^'orthy 
■Gom/men-da'tion,  n.  Praise. 


B6n,  or,  do,  w^lf,  too,  took ;  (ira,  rije,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  90ft ;     g,  Imrd;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  tiiis. 


COMMENDATORY 


G4 


COMPENDIOUS 


■Gom-mSnd'a-to-ry,  a.  Serv- 

\x\%  to  commend. 
•€om-men''su-ra-'bil'i-ty,  ] 
■€om-inen'su-ra-ble-ness,  j 
n.     Capacity  of  haviug  a 
common  measure. 
■€om-m8n'su-ra-ble,  a.  Hav- 
ing a  common  measure. 
■€om-men'su-rate,  a.  Of 
.   equal    measure ;  propor- 
tional. 

•€oin-m8n'su-ra»'tion,  n.  Re- 
duction to  a  cbmmoa  meas- 
ure. 

■€6m'ment,  v.  i.  To  explain 
by  remarks.  —  n.  Note  or 
remark  for  explanation. 

•€6m'ment-a-ry,  n.  Com- 
ment ;  exposition ;  a  book 
of  comments. 

•€6m'men-ta'tor,  n.  One  who 
comments. 

•Gom'merge,  n.  Interchange 
of  commodities ;  personal 
intercourse.  — Syn.  Trade; 
traffic  ;  dealing. 

•€oin-mer'cial,  a.  Relating  to 
commerce  or  trade. 

•€om-min'gle  (-ming/gl),  v.  t. 
To  mix  together. 

•Com'mi-nute,  v.  t.  To  break 
into  small  parts. 

Coin'mi-nu'tion,  n.  Act  of 
breaking  into  small  parts. 

•€om-mis'er-ate,  v.  t.  To 
pity,    fpassion;  sympathy. 

•Gom-mis'er-a'tion,  »i.  Com- 

•Com'mis-sa-ry,  n.  A  com- 
missioner ;  an  army  officer 
having  charge  of  a  special 
department. 

•Com-rais'sion  (-mish-'un),  w. 
Performance  ;  perpetration-; 
a  trust ;  compensation  to  an 
agent  or  factor.  —  v.  t.  To 
give  a  commission  to ;  to 
authorize ;  to  empower. 

•Com-mis'sion-er,  ii.  One 
empowered  to  act. 

•€om-mis'sure  (-mish/yi}r),n. 
A  joint ;  a  seam  or  closure. 

•Com-mit',  V.  t.  To  intrust ; 
to  imprison  ;  to  pledge. 

•Com-mit'tal,  n.  A  pledge, 
actual  or  implied. 

€om-mit'tee,  n.  Persons 
specially  appointed  to  man- 
age any  business. 


•Gom-mix',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  unite 

in  one  mass  ;  to  mix. 

■eom-mixt'ure,  n.  A  mingled 
mass.  [of  furniture. 

■eom-mode',  n'    An  article 

-eom-mo'di-ous,a.  Affording 
case  and  convenience. 

•€om-m6d'i-ty,  n.  Interest; 
advantage  ;  merchandise. 

•C6in'mo-dore,  n.  The  com- 
mander of  a  squadron. 

■€6m'mon,  a.  Belonging  to 
many  ;  general ;  public  ; 
usual.  —  n.  An  open  public 
ground.  —  V.  i.  To  use  to- 
gether. 

•Com'mon-al-ty,  n.  The  com- 
mon people.  [ble. 

-Goin'mon-er,  n.  One  not  no- 

■€6m'mon-ly,  adv.  Usually ; 
generally ;  ordinarily. 

■eom'mon-plage,  n.  General 
head  or  title  ;  a  memoran- 
dum ;  a  trite  remark.  —  a. 
Common  ;  trite. 

•€6m'mons,  n.  pi.  Common 
people  ;  lower  house  of  par- 
liament ;  food  at  a  common 
table. 

■e6m/mon-weal',  n.  Public 
government ;  whole  body  of 
people. 

■€6m''mon-wealth',  n.  A 
state  ;  body  politic,  [ance. 

■€om-m5'tion,  n.  Disturb- 

■Cora'mune,  n.  A  small  ter- 
ritorial district  in  France. — 
V.  i.    To  converse. 

-eom-mu'ni-ea-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  communicated. 

■eom-inu'ni-€ant,  n.  A  par- 
taker of  the  Lord's  supper. 

■Com-mu'ni-eate,  v.  t.  To 
impart.  —  v.  i.  To  share  ; 
to  have  intercourse. 

€om-mu^ni-ca'tion,  n.  Act 
of  communicating ;  corre- 
■  spondence. 

•€om-inu'ni-ea-tive ,  a. 
Ready  to  communicate. 

-eom-mun'ion  (-yun),7i.  In- 
tercourse ;  fellov/ship ;  a  tak- 
ing of  the  Lord's  supper. 

•€om-mu'ni-ty,  n.  Common 
possession  ;  the  pubhc  ;  so- 
ciety at  large. 

-eom/mu-ta'tion,  E.x- 

1  change. 


■Com-miite',  v.  t.  To  ex- 
change ;  to  substitute. 

■Gom-pa€t',  V.  t.  To  thrust 
or  press  together  ;  to  league 
with.  —  a.  Firm  ;  dense. — ■ 
n.  An  agreement  between 
parties  ;  covenant. 

■ebm-pan'ion,  n.  An  asso- 
ciate ;  comrade  ;  mate. 

•€om-pan'ion-a-ble,  a.  So- 
ciable ;  agreeable,  [lowship. 

•€om-pan'i©n-shrp,  n.  Fel- 

■Com'pa-ny  (kum'-,  19),  n. 
Fellowship ;  persons  assem- 
bled or  acting  together. 

-eSm'pa-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy 
to  be  compared. 

•€om-p3,r'a-tive,  a.  Estimated 
by  comparison. 

■Gom-par'a-tive-ly,  adv.  By 
comparison. 

■Gom-pare',  v.  t.  To  examine 
the  mutual  relations  of ;  to 
liken.  —  v.i     To  be  Uke. 

Com-par'i-son,  n.  Act  of 
comparing  ;  comparative  es- 
timate ;  simile.  [vision. 

■Gom-part'ment,  n.     A  di- 

■eom'pass,  v.t.  To  surround  ; 
to  obtain  ;  to  plot.  —  n.  A 
circumference  ;  boundary ; 
magnetic  instrument;  {pi.) 
an  instrument  to  describe 
circles.  [cy. 

■eom-p^s'sion,  n.  Pity  ;  mer- 

■eom-pas'sion-ate,  a.  In- 
clined to  pity ;  merciful. 

•eom-pas'sion-ate,  v.  t.  To 
pity. 

■eom-pat'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Con- 
sistency ;  agreement. 

■eom  pat'i-ble,  a.  Consistent. 

■eom-pat'i-bly,  adv.  Con- 
sistently. 

■eom-pa'tri-ot,  n.  A  patriot 
of  the  same  country. 

•€om-peer',  n.  An  equal ;  col- 
league ;  companion. 

•€oin-pel'  (7),  v.  t.  To  drive  by 
force. — Syn.  To  necessi- 
tate ;  constrain ;  oblige. 

-edm/pel-la'tion,  n.  Style  of 
address  or  salutation. 

•€6in'pend,         ;  ji.Abridg- 

•€om-pend'i-um,  \  ment ; 
summary  ;  epitome. 

•€om-pend'i-ous,  a.  Short; 
concise ;  brief. 


5,e,i,o,  \i,y,l(ms;  u,e,i,  6, u, y, sAori/ care,car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere, vgU, term ;  pique,firm; 


COMPENSATE 


65 


CONCAVE 


•€6m'pen-sate ,  or  -eom-pgn'- 
sate,  t'.  t.  To  make  amends. 

■eSm/pen-saaion,  n.  Ilecom- 
pen.se ;  remuneration. 

•€om-pen'sa-tive,  )  a.  Af- 

-eom-pfin'sa-to-ry,  /  ford- 
ing compensation. 

■€om-pete',  v.  i.  To  striye  for 
a"  like  end  ;  to  rival. 

•€6in'pe-tenQe,  )  n.  Siiffi- 

■€6m'pe-ten-gy,  j  ciency 
legal  capacity  or  right. 

•€6m'pe-tent,  a.  Adequate 
to  some  end  or  duty  ;  having 
legal  capacity.  —  Syn.  Suffi- 
cient; fitted;  qualified. 

•edm/pe-ti'tion  (-tish/un),  n 
Rivalry;  strife  for  supe- 
riority. 

•Com-pgt'i-tor,  n.   A  rival. 
•Gom-pet'l-tive,  a.  Pertain 

ing  to  competition. 
*€6in/pi-la'tion,  n.   A  selec 

tion  from  authors. 
•Gom-pile',  V.  t.    To  compose 
out  of  materials  got  from 
other  vforks.  [piles 
•€om-pil'er,  n.  One  who  com- 
•€om-pla'genge,  I  n.  Pleas- 
•€om-pla'Qen-Qy, )   ure ;  sat- 
isfaction of  mind ;  civility. 
■€om-pla'gent,  a.   Gratified ; 

displaying  satisfaction, 
■eom-plain',  v.  i.    To  mur- 
mur; to  make  a  charge. 
■Com-plain'ant,  n.   One  who 

complains ;  a  plaintiff. 
■Com-plaint',  n.  A  murmur- 
ing ;  accusation;  disease. 
•€6m'plai-§ange^ n.  Civility; 

courtesy.  [courteous. 
•€6m'plai-sant^  a.  Polite; 
•eom'ple-ment,  n.   The  full 

number. 
•€om-plete',  a.     Finished  ; 
perfect.— V.  t.    To  fulfill; 
to  accomplish. 
•€om-plete'ly,  adv.  Perfectly, 
•eom-ple'tion,  n.     Act  of 
finishing ;  accomplishment. 
CSm'plex,  a.  Of  many  parts ; 
intricate;  complicated. — n. 
Assemblage ;  collection. 
•€om-plex'ion  (-plek^shun), 
71.  Color  of  the  face  or  skin. 
•Com-plex'i-ty,  n.  A  complex 
state ;  intricacy,  [yielding. 
•€om-pli'ange   (13),  n.  A 


■€om-plT'ant,  a.  Yielding; 

bending  ;  obliging. 
■e6m'pli-€a-gy,  n.    State  of 

being  complex. 
•eSm'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  make 

complex  or  intricate. 
■€6m'pli-€ate,  a.  Involved. 
■€6m'pli-ca'tion,n.  A  mixture 

of  many  things  ;  intricacy, 
■eom'pli-raent,  n.  Act  or  ex- 
pression of  civility.  —  v.  t. 
To  flatter  or  gratify  by  be- 
stowing praise  upoo. 
•€6m/pli-ment'al,     \  a.  Ex- 
■Cdm/pli-mgnfa-ry,  |  pres- 

sive  of  praise  or  civility. 
■€6m'plot,  n.    A  conspiracy  ; 

plot,    [gether  ;  to  conspired 
•€om-pl6t',  v.t.   To  plot  to- 
■eom-ply',  V.  i.    To  yield ;  to 
assent. 

€om-po'nent,  a.  Helping  to 
form.  —  n.  An  elementary 
part. 

■€om-p6rt',  v.  i.    To  agree ; 
to  suit.  —  v.  t.    To  behave ; 
to  conduct.  [ent. 
■eom-p6rt'a-ble,a.  Consist- 
■eom-poge',  V.  t.    To  put  to- 
gether ;  to  write,  as  an  au- 
thor ;  to  aUay  ;  to  quiet. 
•eom-p6§ed',  a.  Calm  ;  quiet. 
•€om-p6§'er,  n.     One  who 
composes ;  author  of  music. 
•eom-p6§'ite,  a.  Made  up  of 

parts ;  compounded. 
•Cdm'po-gi'tion  (-zTsh^'un),  n. 
Mixture  ;  combination  ;  ar- 
rangement  or   setting  of 
type  ;  a  written  work. 
■eom-p6§'i-tor,  n.    One  who 
sets  type.  [manure. 
■Cdm'post,  n.    A  mixture  for 
•Com-po§'ure,  n.  A  composed 

state  of  mind  ;  calmness. 
•€6in/po-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of 

drinking  together, 
■edm'pound,  a.    Formed  of 
two  or  more  ingredients.  — 
n.    A  mixture. 
•Gom-pound',  v.  t.  To  mix  in 
one  mass  ;  to  combine  or 
unite  ;  to  adjust.  —  ^^  i.  To 
come  to  terms  of  agreement, 
■edm/pre-hend',  r.     To  con- 
tain ;  to  understand, 
■eom/pre-hen'si-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  understood. 


•€6in/pre-h6n'sion,  n.  Act  of 

comprehending ;  capacity. 
■€6m/pre-hen'sive,  a.  In- 
cluding   much    in  small 
space.  —  Syn.  Large  ;  full; 
capacious. 
-Gom-press',  v.  t.  To  piess  to- 
gether; to  squeeze. 
■€6m'press,  n.    A  soft  pad 

used  by  surgeons. 
•€om-pr6ss/i-biPi-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  being  compress- 
ible. 

■eom-pr6ss'i-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  compressed. 
Com-pres'sion,  n.    Act  of 

prcvssing  together. 
•eom-pri§e',  v.  t.  To  contain, 
•edm'pro-mige,  n.  Amicable 
agreement  in  which  mutual 
concessions  are  made. — v.  t. 
To  settle  by  mutual  agree- 
ment ;  to  put  to  haeard.  -  

V.  i.  To  make  an  agreement, 
■edm'pro-mit,  v.  t.  To  prom- 
ise; to  compromise, 
•eomp-trol'ler  (kon-trol'-),  n. 
A  public  officer  who  exam- 
ines and  certifies  account*?, 
■eom-pul'sa-to-ry,  a.  Com- 
pelling. 

€om-pul'sion,  n.  Act  of  com- 
pelling; force  applied. 
■€oin-puPsive,    la.  Compel- 
■eom-pul'so-ry,  f  ling ;  con- 
straining ;  forcing. 
€om-pun€'tion,M.  Remorse. 
■eom-pun€'tious,  a.  Attend- 
ed with  compunction  or  pain 
for  offenses. 
■€om-put'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  computed. 
€dm'pu-ta'tion,  n.   Ac6  of 

reckoning. 
■€om-pute',tJ.  t.  To  calculate, 
■eom-put'er,  n.     One  who 

computes  or  reckons. 
•€6m'rade, w.    An  associate; 

a  mate ;  a  companion. 
■eSn,  V.  t.     To  revolve  in 

thought ;  to  study  o'ver. 
Con-^at'e-nate,  v.  t.  To  link 
together  ;    to  unite  in  a 
series. 

"€oii-«a,t'e-na/tion,  n.    A  se- 
ries of  links,  or  of  things 
dependent  on  each  other. 
•C6n'€ave,  a.     Hollow  and 


6on.  or,  do,  W9lf,  to-Q  to-ok ;  Om,  rije,  pyU ;  9,  ^,  sofl;  €,  g,  hard;  a.  ;  exist ;  0  as  ng ; 


this. 


CONCAVITY 


66 


curved.  —  n.  A  hollow  ;  aji 
arch  or  vault. 
Con-eav'i-ty,  n.  HoUowness 

of  a  rounded  body. 
•€cn-ca/vo-c6n'vex,  a.  Con- 
cave on  one  side  and  convex 
on  the  other, 
-ecn-ca/vo-eon'-eaye,  a. 

Concave  on  both  sides. 
-eon-qesd'  (8),  v.  t.  To  keep  m 

secret ;  to  hide  ;  secrete. 
-eon-geaPment,  n.    Act  of 

hiding ;  a  hiding  place, 
•eon-gede',  v.  t.    To  grant; 

to  admit  as  true  or  proper, 
-eon-geit',  n.  Fancy  ;  vanity. 

—  v.t.    To  fancy, 
■eon-geit'ed,  a.  Tain;  proud. 
•€on-Qeiv'a-hle,  a.  Capable 

of  being  conceived. 
-Gon-Qeive',  v.    To  form  in 
the  mind  ;  to  imagine  ;  to 
become  with  child. 
•€on-Qen'ter, )  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
■eon-gen'tre,  I  come  or  bring 

to  a  point. 
-eSn'gen-trate,  or  -Gon-gen'- 
trate,  v.  t.    To  bring  to  a 
common  center,  or  to  a  closer 
union.  [concentrating. 
■eSn/gen-tra'tion,  n.    Act  of 
■eon-gen'tra-tive-ness,  n. 
Faculty   of  concentrating 
the  intellectual  force. 
-Gon-gen'tri-c,     1  a.  Having 
•€on-genari-e-al,  j  a  common 
center. 

-Con-gep'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
ceiving ;  notion  ;  thought. 
■Gon-gern',  v.  t.  To  affect ;  to 
interest.  —  n.     An  affair  ; 
anxiety  ;  soUcitude  ;  busi- 
ness ;  care.  [ing  to. 
■eon-qern'mg, p. pr.  Pertain- 
•Gon-gern'meHt,  n.  Business. 
•Gon-gert',  v.  t.   To  contrive 

together ;  to  plan. 
-G6n'gert,  n.    Agreement;  a 

musical  entertainment. 
•Gon-ges'sion  (-sesh^un),  n. 

Act  of  yielding  ;  grant. 
•Gon-ges'sive,  a.  Implying 
concession.  [shell 
■Gon-cli  (koijk),  n.    A  marine 
-Gon-ch-oid'al,  a.  Ilesembling 

a  marine  shell. 
-Gon-ch61'o-gist,    n.  One 
versed  in  conchology 


•€on-«h51'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  shells. 
-Gon-gil'i-ate,  v.  t.   To  gain 
by  favor ;  to  win  over.  — 
Syn.  To  propitiate ;  engage. 
-Gon-giPi-a'tion,  n.   Act  of 

conciliating. 
■Gon-giFi-a-to-ry,  a.  Tend- 
ing to  conciliate ;  pacific. 
-Gon-gise',  a.    Brief;  short; 

terse.  [words. 
•Gon-gise'iy,  adv.  3n  few 
■Gon-gis'ion  (-sizh'un),  n.  A 

cutting  off;  circumcision. 
■Gon'-elave,  n.    Assembly  of 
cardinals ;  private  meeting. 
-Gon-clude',  v.  t.  To  bring  to 
an  end  ;  to  finish.  — v.  t.  To 
come  to  an  end ;  to  infer. 
■Gon-elu'sioiL,  n.  End ;  infer- 
ence; determination. 
•Gon-clu'sive,  a.  Decisive; 

final.  [sively. 
■Gon-elu'sive-ly,  adv.  Deci- 
-Gon-eoct',  v.  t.  To  digest; 
to  ripen ;  to  mature ;  to  con- 
trive, [cocting. 
-Gon-c6€'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
-Gon-e6€t'ive ,  a.   Tending  to 

digest  or  mature. 
■Gon-eSm'i-tange,    ]  n.  A 
-Gon-€6m'i-tan-gy,  j  being 

together ;  accompaniment. 
■Gon-eom'i-tant,  a.  Accom- 
panying. —  n.    A  compan- 
ion; accompaniment. 
-G6n'€0rd,n.    Union;  agree- 
ment; harmony. 
■Gon-€6rd'ange,n.  A  minute 

verbal  index  to  a  book. 
-Gon-eord'ant,  a.  Agreeing ; 

suitable;  harmonious. 
■G6n'-c6urse,n.  An  assembly. 
-Gon-crete%  v.  i.  or  t.  To 

unite  in  a  mass. 
■G6n'-erete,  a  Formed  by  con- 
cretion ;  not  abstract. — n. 
A  compound. 
-Gon-€re'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
creting, [concrete. 
■Gon-cre'tive,  a.    Causing  to 
•Gon-cu'bi-nage,  n.  Cohabi- 
tation of  a  man  and  a  woman 
not  married.  [tress. 
-Gon'-cu-bine,  n.  A  kept  mis- 
1  -Gon-eii'pis-genge,  n.  Lust. 
•Gon-cur'  To  tend  to 

one  point ;  to  unite  in  action 


CONDUCT 

or  opinion.— Syn.  To  agree } 
coincide  ;  combine ;  join. 
•Gon-€ur'renge,  n.  Union; 

conjunction  ;  agreement. 
■Gon-eur'rent,  a.   Acting  to- 
gether. 

-Gon-eiis'sion,  n.  A  shaking ; 

a  sudden  jar.  [shake. 
-Gon-€iis'sive,  a.    Able  to 
-Gon-demn'  (-demO,  t^'-  To 
pronounce  to  be  wrong ;  to 
doom  ;  to  sentence. 
■Gon/dem-na'tioii,  n.  Act  of 

condemning ;  sentence. 
■Gon-dem'na-to-ry,  a.  Im- 
plying condemnation. 
■Gon-dem'ner,  n.   One  who 

condemns. 
-Gon/den-sa'tion,  n.  Act  of 

condensing. 
-Gon-dense',  v.   To  make  or 

become  more  dense. 
•Gon-dens'er,  n.   He  who,  or 

that  which,  condenses. 
■G6n/de-sgend',  v.  i.  To  waive 

a  privilege  of  rank. 
Cdn'de-sgend'ing,  a.  Yield- 
ing to  inferiors ;  obliging. 
■Gon^de-scen'sion,  n.  Act  of 

condescending;  affability. 
•Gon-dign'    {-dmO,  a.  De- 
served ;  suitable ;  merited. 
-G6n'di-inent,  n.  A  seasoning. 
•Gon-di'tion    (-dish/un),  n. 
State  ;    quality  ;    term  of 
agreement.  —  v.    To  make 
terms  ;  to  stipulate. 
•Gon-di'tion-al  (-dish/un-),  a. 

Implying  terms. 
■Gon-diaioned  (-dish^und),  a. 
Having  terms,  qualities  or 
properties,  [express  sorrow. 
-Gon-ddle',  v.  t.  To  grieve;  to 
•Gon-do'lenge,  ?i.  Expression 
of  grief  or  sympathy,  [doles. 
•Gon-d51'er,  «  .  One  who  con- 
■GSn'dor  (18),  n. 
A  large  bird  of 
the  vulture 
kind. 
-Gon-duge',  v.  i. 
To  tend ;  to  con-  M  ■  ^ 
tribute.  ^^C'^^S 
•Gon-du'give,  a. 

Having  a  ten-  ^onaor. 
dency  to  conduce.  [ance. 
•G6n'du€t,  n.  Behavior ;  guid- 
■Gon-du«t',  V.  t.  To  guide ;  to| 


CONDUCTOR 


67  CONGREGATIONALIST 


control  ;  to  manage. — v.  i. 
To  behave.  [manager 
•eon-du€t'or,  n.    A  leader; 
"€6n'duit  (kon^dit  or  ktin/dit), 

n.  A  water-pipe  ;  a  canal. 
•G6ne,  n.    A  solid  body 
tapering    to  a  point  A 
from  a  circular  base.  /;\ 

•Con-fab'u-late,'y.i.  To  £[1 
talk  together.  ^^=^ 

■eon-fab^u-la'tion,  n.  Cone. 
Familiar  talk. 

■€6n'fe-ct,       In.    A  sweet- 

•€on-f§€'tion, }  meat. 

•Con-fe€'tion-er,  n.  One  who 
sells  sweetmeats,  &c. 

-eon-fec'tion-er-y,  n.  Sweet- 
meats in  general. 

■€on-fed'er-a-gy,  n.  A  league ; 
coalition ;  conspiracy. 

■€on-f6d'er-ate,  a.  United  in 
a  league. — n.  Member  of 
a  confederacy ;  ally. 

•eon-fed'er-ate,  v.  To  unite 
in  alliance.     [ance ;  league. 

•€on-f6d/er-a'tion,  n.  Alli- 

■Gon-fed'er-a-tive,  a.  Con- 
stituting a  federal  compact. 

•€on-fer',  v.  t.  To  bestow  ;  to 
award.  — v.  i.  To  discourse 
seriously. 

•€5n'fer-enQe,  n.  Serious  con- 
versation ;  a  meeting  for 
consultation. 

■Gon-fess',  v.  To  own  ;  to 
avow ;  to  grant ;  to  hear 
confession.  [ly. 

•eon-fess'ed-ly,  adv.  Avowed- 

•Gon-fes'sion  (-fesh/un)  n. 
Acknowledgment  ;  act  of 
confessing  to  a  priest. 

■€on-fes'sion-al,  n.  A  place 
where  confession  is  made. 

•€on-fess'or,  w.  One  who  con- 
fesses or  hears  confessions. 

•€6n/fi-dant',  n.  m.     \  A  bo- 

•€6n^fi-dante',n./gw.  j  som 
friend,    [—t-.     To  intrust. 

■eon-fide',  V.  i.  To  put  faith. 

•Gon'fi-denge,  n.  Firm  belief; 
trust ;  self-reliance. 

•€6n'fi-dent,  a.  Having  great 
confidence  or  boldness. 

•€6n/fi-den'tial,  a.  Trusty; 
private.  [confidence. 

■eSn'fi-dent-ly,  adv.  With 

•eon-fig/u-ra'tion,  n.  Exter- 
nal form  or  figure. 


•  -eSn'finejn.  A  limit;  border. 
—  v.t.  To  restrain  ;  to  limit ; 

;      to  shut  up.        [To  border. 
,  €6n'fme,  or  -eon-fine',  v.  i. 
■eon -fine 'ment,  n.  Restraint, 
•eon-firm',  v.  t.  To  make  cer- 
tain ;  to  admit  to  the  full 
privileges  of  the  church.  — 
Syn.  To  strengthen ;  verify ; 
assure. 

•  -edn/fir-ma'tion,  n.     Act  of 
confirming  or  establishing. 

■eon-firm'a-tive,  \  a.  Tend- 
€on-frrm'a-to-ry, )    ing  to 

confirm, 
■eon'fis-eate,   or  -eon-fis'- 
■eate,  a.    Forfeited  to  the 
public  use. 
■e6n'fis-€ate    or  -eon-fis'- 
oate,  V.  t.     To  forfeit  to 
the  public  treasury, 
•edn^fis-ea'tion,  n.    The  act 
of  forfeiting  or  confiscating. 
•e5n'fis-€aaor,  n.    One  who 
confiscates.  [fire. 
■eSn^fia-gra'tion,  n.  A  great 
■eon-fli-ct',  V.  t.  To  strive;  to 
contend.  [struggle. 
-e6n'fli€t,  n.     A  contest  ; 
€6n'flu-enQe,  n.    A  flowing 

together ;  a  concourse, 
■edn'flu-ent,  a.   Running  to- 
gether. —  n.  A  stream  flow- 
ing into  a  larger  one. 
■eon-form',  v  t.  To  make  like. 

—  V.  i.  To  comply  ;  to  yield, 
-eon-form'a-ble,  a.  Suitable ; 

agreeable.  [ably, 
■eon-form'a-bly,  adv.  Suit- 
■edn'for-ma'tion,  n.    Act  of 
conforming;  disposition  of 
parts  ;  structure, 
■eon-form'i-ty,  n.  Compli- 
ance with  ;  agreement. 
fJon-found',  v.  t.  To  mix;  to 

mingle ;  to  perplex, 
•eon-found'ed, />./?.  Blended; 

mixed.  — p.  a.  Enormous. 
•eon-fr6nt'  (-frfintO,  v.  t.  To 

face  ;  to  set  face  to  face. 
■eon-fu§e',  V.  t.  To  confound ; 

to  perplex;  to  abash, 
-eon-fus'ed-ly,  adv.    In  con- 
fusion". 

■eon-fu'sion, «.  Disorder;  tu- 
mult ;"ruin  ;  indistinctness, 
■eon/fu-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 
disproving ;  refutation. 


j  ■eon-fute',  V.  t.  To  disprove ; 
I     to  prove  to  be  false. 
•eSn'ge,  n.  A  bow  ;  reverence  ; 

farewell.  —  v.  i.     To  take 

leave. 

€on-geal',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
freeze  ;  to  thicken  ;  to  stiffen. 

-eon-geal'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  congealed. 

■eon-geal'ment,  n.  Act  of 
congealing ;  mass  congealed. 

•edn'ge-la'tion,  n.  Process 
of  congealing ;  thing  con- 
gealed. 

■edn'ge-ner,  n.  A  thing  of 
the  same  nature  or  origin. 

€on-ge'ni~al,  a.  Of  the  same 
nature  or  disposition. 

Con-ge^ni-ai'i-ty,  n.  Natural 
affinity  ;  suitableness. 

€on-gen'i-tal,a.  Of  the  same 
birthj  dating  from  birth. 

■eon-ge'ri-es,  //..  Mass  or  col- 
lection of  bodies. 

■eon-ges'tion  (-jf'st/yun),  n. 
An  unnatural  collection  of 
blood. 

■eon-ggst'ive,  a.  Indicating 
an  accumulation  of  blood  in 
some  part  of  the  body. 

€on-glo'bate,  a.  Formed  into 
a  ball,   [forming  into  a  ball. 

■eSn/glo-ba'tion,  n.    Act  of 

■eon-glo'bate,r.  t.  To  gather 
into  a  globe  or  ball. 

■eon-glom'er-ate,  v.  t.  To 
gather  into  a  round  mass. 

■eon-glom'er-ate,  a.  Gath- 
ered together  in  a  mass. 

■eon-glom'er-a'tion,  n.  A 
gathering  in_to  a  round  mass. 

■eon-grat'u-late,  v.  t.  To 
wish  joy  to    to  felicitate. 

■eon-grat^u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
congratulating. 

€on-grat'u-la-to-ry,  a.  Ex- 
pressing joy. 

■eon'gre-gate,  v.  To  assem- 
ble ;  to  meet ;  to  gather. 

■eon/gre-ga'tion,  n.  An  as- 
sembly, especially  a  relig- 
ious assembly. 

■eon^gre-ga'tion-al,  a.  Re- 
lating to  a  congregation. 

■e6n/gre-ga'tion-al-i§m,  n. 
Government  of  itself  by 
each  local  church. 

■eon^gre-ga'tion-al-ist,  n. 


I,  or,  d2,  W9lf,  to-o,  tcTok;  fim,  r^e,  pvOI;  9,  ^,  soft;     g,  hard;  ag  5  exist;  d  as  eg ;  tiiis. 


CONGRESS 


68 


CONSIGNMENT 


An  adherent  to  the  congre- 
gational mode  of  govern- 
ment. 

€on'gress  (18),  w.    A  meet- 
ing ;  the  legislature  of  the 
United  States. 
■Gon-gres'sion-al  (-gresh/- 
un-),  a.    Pertaining  to  con- 
gress, [nient. 
•eSn'gru-enge,   n.  Agree- 
•€on'gru-ent,  a.  Agreeing. 
€on-gru'i-ty,  n.  Consistency. 
•€6n'gru-ous  (kong/gru-us), 

cT.  Being  suitable  ;  fit. 
•G6n'i€,      I  a.  Pertaining  to, 
•Con'i-e-al,  )     or  Uke,  a  cone. 
•€6n'i€-al-ly,  adv.     In  the 

form  of  a  cone. 
•Gon'i-es,  n.  sing.  The  science 
which  treats  of  the  proper- 
ties of  the  cone. 
•€o-nif'er-oiis,  a.  Bearing 

cones,  as  the  pine. 
•€on-je€t'ur-al,  a.  Depend- 
ing on  conjecture. 
•Gon-je€t'ure,  n.  Opinion 
based  on  imperfect  knowl- 
edge; surmise. — v.  t.  To 
guess ;  to  suspect. 
■Gon-join',  v.  To  connect ;  to 

unite  ;  to  join. 
■€on-joint',  a.    United  ;  con- 
nected ;  associated. 
•Gon-joint'ly,a(^f.  With  unit- 
ed efforts.  [marriage. 
€6n'ju-gal,  a.    Relating  to 
•€6n'ju-gate,  v.  t.  To  intlect, 
as  verbs.        [tion  of  verbs. 
•€6n^ju-ga'tion,  n.  Inflec- 
•€on-jun€t',  a.    Joint  ;  con- 
current,   [connecting  word. 
•€on-jun-e'tion,n.    Union;  a 
•eon-jun-et'ive,  a.  Serving  to 
unite."    [connection  ;  crisis. 
€on-jiin€t'ure,  n.    Union  ; 
€6n/ju-ra'tion,  n.  Solemn 

treaty  ;  enchantment, 
■€6n'jure  (kttn'jur),  v.  t.  To 
charm  ;  to  enchant.  —  v.  i 
To  practice  magical  arts. 
"Con-jure',  v.  t.     To  enjoin 
solemnly.  [enchanter. 
€6n'jur-er  (kQn/jur-),  n.  An 
€6n'nate,  a.    Born  at  the 
same  time.         [by  nature. 
€on-nat'u-ral,  a.  Connected 
€on-ne€t',  v.  t.    To  knit  to- 
gether ;  to  unite. 


■Gon-ne^j'tion,  n.  Act  of  join- 
ing ;  a  relation  by  blood  or 
marriage.  —  Syn.  Union  ; 
coherence ;  junction. 

•€on-neet'ive,a.  Serving  to 
connect.  —  n.  A  word  that 
connects  sentences.  [tion. 

-Gon-nex'ion.     See  Connec- 

•Gon-niv'ange,  n.  A  giving 
secret  assistance  or  sympa- 
thy. 

•€on-nive',  v.  i.   To  wink  at. 

•€6n'nois-se^r'  (kon/nis- 
sQr'),  n.  A  critical  judge  or 
master  of  any  art. 

•€o'noid,  n.  A  figure  resem- 
bling a  cone. 

-Gon-nu'bi-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  marriage. 

-Gon'quer  (k6ok/er),  v.  t.  To 
overcome. 

■Gon'quer-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  conquered.  [quers. 

■Gon'quer-or,  n.  One  who  con- 

•€6n'quest  (kSnk^west),  n. 
Act  of  conquering ;  thing 
conquered.  —  SYN.  Victory ; 
triumph  ;  subjection. 

■€6n/san-gum'e-oiis,  a.  Of 
the  same  blood. 

•€6n'san-guin'i-ty,  n.  Rela- 
tion by  blood. 

■Gdn'scienge,  n.  Internal  or 
self-knowledge,  or  sense  of 
right  and  wrong  ;  truth. 

■€6n/sci-en'tious  (-shi-en^- 
shus),  a.  Regulated  by  con- 
science. 

•Con'sci-en'tious-ness,  n.  A 
scrupulous  regard  to  con- 
science, [able. 

■€6n'scion-a-ble,  a.  Reason- 

■Gon'scious  (kon^shus),  a 
Having  the  power  of  know- 
ing one's  own  thoughts. 

•€6n'scious4y,«G^i''  With  in- 
ward persuasion. 

•€6n'scious-ness,  n.  Percep 
tion  of  what  passes  in  one's 
own  mind. 

■e6n'S€ript,  n.  An  enrolled 
soldier.  —  a.  Enrolled. 

■€on-s-erip'tion,  n.  Act  of 
enrolling  or  registering. 

•€6n'se-€rate,  v.  t.  To  dedi- 
cate ;  to  declare  to  be  sacred 

•€6n/se-€ra'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  dedicating  to  sacred  uses, 


■Con-se€'u-tive,  a.  Following 
in  order.  [succession. 
■Gon-se-c'u-tive-ly,  adv.  In 
■Con-sent',  n.     Agreement  ; 
correspondence ;  accord.  — 
V.  i.    To  agree  in  opinion  ; 
to  give  assent.  [cordaut. 
•Con/sen-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Ac- 
■Con'se-quenge,   n.  That 
which  follows ;  effect ;  infer- 
ence, [as  a  result. 
■Con'se-quent,  a.  Following, 
-Con/se-quen'tial,  a.  Con- 
ceited ;  important. 
•€6n/se-quen'tial-ly,a^/u.  By 

consequence  ;  pompousiy. 
•€6n'se-qv.ent-ly,  adv.  By 

consequence. 
•Cdn'ser-va'tion,  n.  Preser- 
vation from  loss  or  injury. 
•Con-serv'a-tive,  a.  Tending 

or  desiring  to  preserve. 
-Con^ser-va'tor,  or  -Cdn'ser- 

va'tor,  n.  A  preserver. 
■Con-serv'a-to-ry,  a.  Tending 
to  preserve. — n.    A  green- 
house for  keeping  plants. 
•CSn'serve,  n.  A  sweetmeat. 
•€on-serve^  v.  t.    To  pre- 
serve ;  to  save. 
•Con-sid'er,  v.  To  think  with 

care  ;  to  study  ;  to  ponder. 
■Con-sid'er-a-ble,  a.  Worthy 
of  regard  ;  moderately  large. 
-Con-sid'er-a-bly,  adv.  In  a 

considerable  degree. 
•Con-sid'er-ate,  a.  Given  tore- 
flection.  —  Syn.  Thought- 
ful;  prudent;  discreet. 
■Con-sid'er-ate-ly,  adv.  With 

serious  thought. 
•Con-sid^er-a'tion,   n.  Act 
of     considering  ;  serious 
thought;  prudence;  reason. 
•Con-sid'er-ing,  p.  pr.  Re- 
garding ;  having  regard  to. 
•Con-sign'  (-sin/),  v.  t.  To 

give  ;  to  intrust ;  to  assign. 
•C6n''sign-ee'  (kon/sm-ee'),  n. 
One  to  whom  a  thing  is  con- 
signed for  sale. 
Gon-sign'er  (-sin/-),     )  n. 
•CSn^sign-or'  (-sm-6rO,  )  One 
who  commits  to  another  in 
trust. 

"Con-sign'ment  (-sTn/ment), 
w.  Act  of  consigning  ;  goods 
consigned. 


S, e,  1, 0,  u,  y,  long ;     6,  i,  6,  Q,  5',  short ;  cure,  car, ask,  all,  wk^t ;  ere, veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


CONSIST 


69 


CONTEMPLATE 


Con-sist',  V.  i.  To  be  made 
up  of;  to  subsist ;  to  agree. 
•Con-sist'enge,  I  n.  Fixed 
■eon-sist'en-Qy,  j  state  ; 
agreement ;  congrnity. 

■€on-sist'ent,  a.  Agreeing  ; 
accordant;  compatible. 

•Con-sist'ent-ly,  adv.  In  a 
consistent  manner. 

■e6n/sis-t6'ri-al,  a.  Relating 
to  a  consistory. 

•€on-sist'o-ry  (19),  n.  A 
spiritual  court ;  any  solemn 
assembly. 

•eon-so^ci-a'tion  (-so/shi-),  n. 
A  union  of  neighboring 
churches.  [consolation. 

•€on-s61'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 

■€6n'so-la'tion,  n.  Allevia- 
tion :  solace ;  comfort. 

€on-s61'a-to-ry,  a.  Tending 
to  gi\e  consolation. 

■€on-s61e',  v.  t.  To  comfort ; 
to  cheer  under  sorrow. 

•Cdn'sole,  n.  A  bracket  to 
support  a  cornice,  &c. 

■Gon-sdl'l-date,  v.  To  make 
or  grow  solid. 

•Con-s61'i-da'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  hard  or  firm. 

•C6n'sol§,  or  -eon-solg',  n.  pi. 
An  English  funded  govern- 
ment security. 

"€6n'so-nanQe,  n.  Agreement 
of  sounds  ;  concord  ;  accord. 

•€6n'so-nant,  a.  Agreeable  ; 
consistent;  accordant.  —  n. 
A  sound  less  open  than  a 
Towel ;  a  letter  representing 
such  sound. 

•CSn'sort,  n.  A  husband  or 
wife  ;  companion  ;  partner. 

•€on-s6rt',  v.  i.  To  keep  com- 
pany ;  to  associate.  —  v.  t. 
To  unite  or  join. 

•Con-spi-e'u-ous,  a.  Obvious 
to  the  sight ;  manifest. 

•Con-spi-e'u-ous-ness,  n. 
Openness  to  view  ;  clear- 
ness. 

•€on-spir'a-gy,  n.  A  plot ; 
combination  for  an  evil  pur- 
pose, [spirer. 

•€on-spir'a-tor,  n.    A  con- 

•€on-spire',  v.  i.  To  unite  for 
an  evil  purpose. 

•€6n'sta-ble  (ktm/sta-bl),  n. 
An  officer  of  the  peace. 


■Gon-st^b'u-la-ry ,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  constables. 

■edn'stan-gy,  n.  Stability  ; 
firmness  of  mind  ;  steadi- 
ness. 

■€6n'stant,  a.  Firm  ;  un- 
changing ;  faithful  in  affec- 
tion, [ably. 

■€6n'stant-ly,   adv.  Invari- 

•C6n^stel-la'tion,  n.  A  cluster 
of  fixed  stars. 

■edn^ster-na'tion,  n.  Terror 
that  confounds.  [costive. 

•eSn'sti-pate,  v.  t.    To  make 

■Gdn-'sti-pa'tion,  n.  Costive- 
ness.  [constituents. 

■€on-stit'u-en-gy,  n.  liody  of 

•Con-stit'u-ent,  a.  Compos- 
ing. —  n.  A  person  who 
establishes  or  appoints  ;  an 
element. 

■€6n'sti-tute,  v.t.  To  estab- 
lish ;  to  make  ;  to  appoint. 

■€6n/sti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of 
constituting  ;  frame  of  body, 
mind,  or  government. 

•G6n/sti-tu'tion-al,  a.  Con- 
sistent with  the  constitu- 
tion. 

■eSn^sti-tu/tion-ai'i-ty,  n. 
Consistency  with  the  consti- 
tution. 

■€6n'sti-tu'tion-aI-ly,  adv.  Tn 
consistency  with  the  consti- 
tution, [ing. 

•€6n'sti-tu/tive,a.  Establish- 

•Con-strain',  v.  t.  To  impel 
with  overpowering  force.  — 
Syn.  To  compel ;  force  ; 
drive  ;_urge.  [constrains. 

-Gon-strain'er,  n.    One  who 

•€on-straiiit',  n.  Compulsion. 

■eon-stri€t',  V.  t.  To  biud  ; 
to  cause  to  shrink. 

■€on-stri€aion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion ;  compression. 

"€on-strin'gent,  a.  Binding. 

€on-stru€t',  v.  t.  To  build  ; 
to  compose  ;  to  form  ;  to  de- 
vise, [constructs. 

•Con-stru€t'er,  n.    One  who 

■eon-stru-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
constructing ;  an  edifice. 

■eon-stru€t'ive,  a.  By  con- 
struction ;  inferred. 

■Con'strue,  v.  t.  To  explain, 

■edn-'stu-pra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
ravishing. 


CSn'sub-stan'tial,  a.  Having: 
the  same  substance. 

■€6n/sub-stan'ti-a'tion  (-shT- 
a^shun),  n.  Actual  presence 
of  the  body  of  Christ  with 
the  sacraniental  elements. 

■eSn/sue-tu'di-nal,  a.  Cus- 
ton)ary  ;  usual. 

■€6n'sul,  n.  The  chief  magis- 
trate in  ancient  Rome  ;  a 
commercial  agent,  [consul. 

■eSn'su-lar,  a.   Relating  to  a 

£6n'su-late,  \  n.   The  office 

■Gdn'sul-ship,  f    of  a  consul. 

■Con-suit',  V.  i.  To  ask  advice 
of.  —  V.  t.    To  take  advice. 

■e6n'sul-tS,'tion,  n.  A  con- 
sulting ;  dehberation. 

-€on-sult'er,  n.  One  who 
consults. 

•Con-siime',  v.  t.  To  waste  ; 
to  spend.  —  v.  i.  To  waste 
away. 

•€6n'sum-mate,  or  -eon- 
sum'mate,  v.  t.  To  com- 
plete ;  to  perfect. 

■€on-sum'mate,  a.  Accom- 
plished ;  complete  ;  perfect. 

■€6n/sum-ma'tion,  n.  Com- 
pletion ;  termination. 

£on-sump'tion,  n.  Act  of 
consuming ;  a  wasting  dis^ 
ease  of  the  lungs. 

■€on-sump'tive,  a.  Inclined 
to  consumption.  [union. 

■Con'ta-et,  n.    Touch  ;  close 

■eon-ta'gion  (-jun),  «.  Com- 
munication of  disease  by 
contact  ;  infection. 

€on-ta'gious  (-jus),  a.  Ilar^ 
ing  the  quality  of  infecting. 

•eon-tain',  v.  t.  To  hold  ;  to 
comprise. — v.  i.  To  live 
chastely. 

■Con-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  contained. 

•€on-tam'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  de- 
file ;  to  corrupt.  [tainted. 

€on-tam'i-nate,a.  Polluted ; 

■€on-tam/i-na'tion,  n.  Pollu- 
tion. 

€on-teinn'  (-t^''mO,  v.t.  To 

despise  ;  to  hate, 
•€on-tem'ner,  n.    One  who 

contemns. 
•Con'tem-plate,     or  -Con- 

tem'plate,  v.  To  meditate  ; 

to  consider  ;  to  design. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  too,  t<5bk  ;  tlm,  rjje,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  a  as  ng ;  this. 


CONTEMPLATION 

■G6n/tem-pla'tion,  n.  Modi- 
tation.  [to  thought. 

•eon-tsm'TDla-tive,  a.  Given 

■€6n'tem-pla/tor,  n.  One  en- 
gaged in  deep  thought. 

■eon-tem'po-ra-ry,       \  «• 

■Con-tem'po-ra'ne-ous,  j 
Being  at  the  same  time. 

■eon-tem'po-ra-ry,  71  ■  One 
living  at  the  same  time  with 
another. 

■Gon-tempt',  n.  Act  of  de- 
spising ;  disdain ;  scorn. 

€on-t3mpt'i-ble,  o.  Mean  ; 
vile. 

•eon-tempfi-hly,  adv.  Mean- 
ly, [ful. 

-Gon-tempfu-ous,  a.  Scorn- 

€on-tend',  v.  i.  To  strive  ; 
to  struggle.  [ant. 

-Gon-tend'er,  n.    A  combat- 

•Con-tent',  a.  Satisfied  ;  quiet ; 
—  n.  Satisfaction  of  mind. 
—rv.  t.  To  satisfy  ;  to  please. 

■Gon-tent'ed,  a.  Satisfied  ; 
pleased ;  content. 

•€oii-tent'ed-ly,  adv.  In  a 
contented  manner. 

-Gon-tent'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  content.  [bate. 

■eon-tenaion,  n.    Strife  ;  de- 

•€on-ten'tious,  a.  Given  to 
strife  ;  quarrelsome.  [tion. 

•€on-tSnt'nient,  n.  Satisfac- 

■€6n'tent,  or  -Gon-tent',  n. 
That  which  is  contained  ; 
(pi.)  index. 

•€on-ter'mi-noii3,  a.  Border- 
ing ;  contiguous, 

■Gon'test,  n.  A  dispute ;  strug- 
gle  ;  debate.  [pute. 

Con-test',  V.  t.  or  i.    To  dis- 

■Gon'text,  n.  Order  of  dis- 
course,   [of  parts  ;  texture. 

•Con-text'ure,n.  Composition 

■e6n'ti-gu'i-ty,  n.  Contact. 

•€on-tig'u-ous,  a.    In  actual 
contact.  —  Syn.  Adjoinin: 
adjacent. 

•G6n.'ti-nenQe,  n.  Forbearance 

of  carnal  pleasure. 
€6n'ti-nent,  a.    Not  indulge 
ing  in  sensual  pleasure, 
n.    One  of  the  larger  divi- 
sions of  the  earth. 
•€6n''ti-n§nt'al,  a.  Pertainin; 

to  a  continent,  [continence, 
■€6n'ti-nent-ly,  adv.  With 


70 


•€on-tin'^enQe,  \n.  Casual 
•Gon-tm'gen-gy,  j      event ; 

chance  ;  possibility. 
■Gon-tin'gent,  a.  Accident- 
al ;  possible;  liable. —  n. 
Chance  ;  a  quota  ;  propor- 
tion. 

■€on-tin'u-al,  a.  Uninter- 
rupted,    [out  intermission. 

-eon-tm'u-al-ly,  adv.  With- 

-eon-tm'u-ange  (11),  n.  Per- 
manence, as  of  condition, 
habits,  &c. 

-eoii-tin^u-a'tion,  n.  Con- 
tinued succession. 

-Gon-tin'u-aaor,  n.  One  who 
continues. 

-Gon-tm'ue,  v.  i.  To  remain  ; 
to  stay.  —  V.  t.  To  protract ; 
to  persevere  in. 

■Gon/ti-nu'i-ty,  n.  Uninter- 
rupted connection. 

•Gon-tm'u-ous,  a.  Closely 
united,  as  it  were  into  one. 

•€on-t6rt',  v.  t.  To  twist ;  to 
writhe. 

-Gon-tor'tion,  n.    A  twisting. 

•Gon-tpur'  (-toor/),  n.  The 
general  outline  of  a  figure. 

■Gon'tra-band,  a.  Prohibited 
by  law  or  treaty.  —  n.  Ille- 
gal trade.  [covenant. 

-G6n'tra€t,  w.  An  agreement; 

-Gon-tra-ct',  v.  t.  To  draw  to- 
gether or  nearer  ;  to  incur  ; 
to  shorten.  —  v.  i.  To 
shrink  ;  to  bargain,  [selfish. 

-Gon-tra^t'ed,  a.     Narrow  ; 

-Gon-tra-et'ile,  a.  Capable  of 
contracting. 

-Gonara-e-til'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  contracting  or  shrinking, 

€on-tra€'tion,  n.  A  shrink- 
ing ;  a  shortening. 

-Goii-tra,€t'or,  n.  One  who 
contracts. 

■Gon'tra-dange,  n.  A  dance 
with  partners  opposite. 

■G6n'tra-di€t',  v.  t.    To  op- 
pose verbally  ;  to  gainf?ay. 
•G6n/tra-di€'tion,  n.    A  de- 
nying. 

•Gonara-di-e'to-ry,  a.  Incon- 
sistent ;  disagreeing. 

•G6n/tra-dis-tin€/tion,  n 
Distinction  by  opposites. 

•G6n/tra-dis-tin-et'ive,a.  Dis- 
tinguishing by  contrast. 


CONTUMACIOUSLY 

■€6n/tra-dis-tin'giiisli,  v.  t. 

To  distinguish  by  opposite;?. 
■Gon-tral'to,  n.    The  alto. 
■GoiVtra-ri'e-ty,  n.  Opposi- 
tion ;  inconsistency. 
■Gon'tra-ries,  n.pl.  Things  of 

opposite  qualities. 
•G6n'tra-ri-wi§e,  a^^r.  On  the 

contrary  ;  oppositely. 
■Gon'tra-ry,  a.    In  direct  op- 

positiQn  ;  inconsistent. 
•G6n'trast,  n.    Opposition  or 

difference  in  things. 
-Gon-trast',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
place  or  stand  in  opposition. 
•Gon/tra-val-la'tion,  n.  A 
trench  and  parapet  formed 
by  besiegers. 
■Gbn^tra-vene',  v.  t.   To  op- 
pose ;  to  cross  ;  to  obstruct. 
■Gon^tra-vSn'tion,  n.  Oppo- 
sition ;  Yiolation  ;  obstruc- 
tion. 

Con-trib'ute,  v.    To  partici- 
pate in  giving. 
■GoiVtri-bu'tion,  n.    Act  of 

contributing ;  sum  given. 
■Gon-trib'u-tor,  n.   One  who 

contributes. 
■Gon-trib'u-to-ry,  a.  Advan- 
cing the  same  end. 
•GSn'trite,  a.    Broken  down 

with  grief. 
•Gon-tri'tion   (-trlsh^un),  n. 

Deep  sorrow  for  sin. 
■Gon-triv'ange,  n.    Scheme ; 

device  ;  thing  contrived. 
•Gcn-tnve',  v.  t.    To  invent ; 
to  project,  —  v.i.   To  make 
devices. 

■Gon-trol'  (7),  n.  Power  to 
govern;  command. — v.  t. 
To  restrain  ;  to  govern. 
■Gon-tr5Pler,M.  One  who  con- 
trols ;  an  officer  who  checks 
other  officers  by  a  counter 
register  of  accounts. 
■G6n''tro-ver'sial,  a.  Relating 

to  controversy. 
•Gon'tro-ver'sial-ist,  n.  One 

engaged  in  controversy. 
■GonHro-ver-sy,  n.  Dispute. 
■Gon'tro-vert,  v.  t.  To  dispute. 
■G6n/tro-vert'i-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  beJng  controverted. 
-G6n/tu-ma'cious,  a.  Obsti- 
nate. [With  obstinacy. 
■GSnau-ma'cious-ly,      adv . 


a,  6, 1,  o,  n,  y,  long;  5,  6, 1,  6,  ti ,    short ;  cSre, c^r,  isk,  all,  whgt ;  Sre,  veil.  t5rm ;  pVque,  firm : 


CONTUMACY 


71 


COPPER 


€6n'tu-ma-Qy,  n.  Persistent 
obstinacy  ;  stubbornness. 

•Cdn'tu-mel'lous  (-yus),  a. 
Reproachful;  contemptuous. 

•C6n'i/U-me-ly,  n.  Contemptu- 
ous language;  reproach. 

•€on-tu'§ion,  n.  A  bruise. 

€o-nun'drum,  n.  A  riddle 
turning  on  a  point  of  re- 
semblance between  things 
very  unlike. 

36n/va-les'genQe,  n.  Recov- 
ery from  sickness. 

•Cdn-'va-les'Qent,  a.  Recov- 
ering^ health. 

•Gon-vene',  v.   To  assemble. 

•€on-ven'ienQe,  )  n.  Accom- 

•€on-ven'ien-Qy,  )  moda- 
tiou  ;  commodiousness 

•eon-ven'ient,  a.  fit;  suit- 
able; adapted. 

■G6n'vent,  n.  A  body  of 
monks  or  nuns ;  a  monas- 
tery or  nunnery. 

•Gon-ven'ti-ele,  n.  A  meet- 
ing; assembly  for  worship. 

•€on-ven'tion,  n.  Assembly  ; 
arbitrary  custom.  [on. 

"€on-ven'tion-al,  a.  Agreed 

■€on-ven'tioii-al-ism,  n. 
That  which  is  received  by 
tacit  agreement. 

■Con-vent'u-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  a  convent ;  monastic. 

■Gon-verge',  v.  i.  To  tend 
toward  one  point. 

•Gon-verg^enge,  n.  Tendency 
to  one  point. 

■Gon-verg'ent,  )  a.  Tendingto 

•Gon-verg'ing, )    one  point. 

•Gon-ver'sa-ble,  a.  Sociable. 

•G6n'ver-sant,  a.  Familiar; 
having  relation. 

•Gon^ver-sa'tion,  n.  Familiar 
discourse ;  behavior. 

•Gon/ver-sa'tion-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  conversation. 

•Gon-verse',  v.  i.  To  dis- 
course ;  to  talk  familiarly. 

•G6n'verse,  n.  Conversation  ; 
a  reversed  or  opposite  propo- 
sition.—  a.  Directly  oppo- 
site, [of  order. 

■Gon'verse-ly,  adv.  By  change 

•Gon-ver'sion,  n.  A  turning  ; 
change;  transformation, 

■GSn'vert,  n.  One  who  has 
changed  his  opinions. 


■Gon-vert',  v.  t.  To  change 
to  another  form  or  state. 

■Gon-verVi-bil'i-ty,  n.  Pos- 
sibility of  being  converted. 

■Gon-vert 'i-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  converted. 

•Gon'vex,  a.  Roundish  on  the 
outside.  —  n.  A  convex 
body. 

•Goii-vex'i-ty,  )  n.  Spherical 

•€6n'vex-ness, )  form  on 
the  outside. 

■Gon-vey',  v.  t.  To  carry  ;  to 
transfer. 

■Gon-vey'anQe,n.  Act  of  con- 
veying ;  that  which  conveys. 

■Gon-vey'an-ger,  n.  One  who 
draws  deeds,  &c. 

•Goii-vey'an-Qing,  n.  The 
business  of  a  conveyancer. 

■G6n'vi€t,  n.  A  person  proved 
guilty  of  crime,  [be  guilty. 

■Gon-vi-et',  v.  t.    To  prove  to 

■Gon-vi€'tion,  n.  A  proving 
guilty  ;  state  of  being  con- 
vinced. 

■Gon-vinge',  v.  t.  To  satisfy 
by  evidence  ;  to  persuade. 

•Gon-viv'i-al,  a.  Festive ;  jo- 
vial. 

■Gon-viv/i-M'i-ty,  n.  Jovial 

disposition  ;  festive  mirth. 
■Gon'vo-ea'tion,  n.    A  meet- 
ing ;  an  ecclesiastical  assem- 
bly, [gether. 
■Gon-voke',  v.  t.    To  call  to- 
■Gon'vo-lu'ted,   a.  Rolled 

upon  itself. 
■Goii-'vo-lu'tion,  n.    The  act 
of  rolling  together,  [gether. 
■Gon-volve',  v.  t.    To  roll  to- 
•Gon-voy',  v.  t.  To  accompany 
for  protection,  [protection. 
■Gon'voy,  n.    Attendance  for 
■Gon-vulse',  v.  t.  To  affect  by 
violent  motion.  [spasm. 
■Gon-vul'sion,  n.    A  violent 
■Gon-vul'sive,  a.  Producing 

convulsion 
-Go'ny,  or  -Gon'y  (19),  n.  A 
rabbit. 

■Gob',  V.  i.  To  make  a  noise, 
as  a  dove. 

Gobk,  n.  One  who  prepares 
food  for  the  table.  — v.  t.  To 
prepare  food  for  the  table. 

■Gdbk'er-y,  n.  Act  of  prepar- 
ing food  for  the  table. 


■Gdbk'y,  n.  A  small,  hard^ 
sweetened  cake. 

■Gobi,  a.  Somewhat  cold; 
lacking  warmth.  —  n.  A 
moderate  state  of  cold.  — 
V.  t.  To  make  moderately 
cold.  —  V.  i.   To  grow  cool. 

■Gobl'er,  n.  A  vessel  for  cool 
ing ;  that  which  cools. 

•Gdbl'ly,  adv.   Without  heat. 

•Gobl'ness,  n.   Moderate  cold. 

■Gdb'ly,  I  n.    An  East  Indian 

•Gdb'lie, )  or  Chinese  porter, 
or  transported  laborer. 

-Goomb  (kcTom),  n.  A  dry 
measure  of  four  bushels. 

•Gdbp,  n.  A  cage  for  fowls, 
&c.  ;  a  barrel. — v.  t.  To 
cage  ;  to  shut  up.  [cjisks,  &c. 

■Go^p'er,  n.     A  maker  of 

■Gdbp'er-age,  w.  Price  for 
cooper  s  work  ;  shop  or  work 
of  a  cooper.  [together. 

•Go-6p'er-ate,  v.  i.    To  work 

•Go-6p^er-a'tion ,  n.  Joint 
labor.      [ing  the  same  end. 

■Go-6p'er-a-tive,  a.  Promot- 

■Go-6p'er-a''tor,  One  who 
works  with  others. 

•Go-or'di-nate,  a.  Holding 
the  same  rank  or  degree. 

■Gdbt',  n.  A  kind  of  water- 
fowl ;  a  foolish  fellow. 

•Go-pai'ba,  )  n.    A  medicinal 

•Go-pal 'va, )     resinous  juice. 

■Go'pal,  n.  A  resinous  sub- 
stance used  in  making  var- 
nishes. 

■Go-par'ge-na-ry,  )  n.  Joint 
■Go-par 'ge-ny,  j  heirship. 
•Go-par'ge-ner,  n.     A  joint 

heir.  [partner. 
■Go-part 'ner,  n.  A  joint 
■Go-part'ner-ship,  n.  Joint 

concern  in  business. 
■Gope,  n.    A  priest's  cloak  :  a 

kind  of  hood;  arch-work. 

—  V.  To  contend  ;  to  strive  ; 

to  oppose  with  success. 
■Gop'i-er  (13),  n.    One  who 

copies.  [of  a  wall. 

■Gop'ing,  n.  Top  or  cover 
•Go'pi-oiis,    a.       Plentiful  ; 

abundant ;  large  in  amount. 
■Go'pi-ous-ly,  adv.  Amply. 
■Gop'per,  n.  A  reddish  metal ; 

a  large  boiler.  —  v.  t.  To 

cover  with  copper. 


s6n,  6r,  dQ,  wglf,  t(5b,  t(5bk  ;  firn,  rye,  p\^l ;  p,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  fais. 


COPPERAS 


72 


CORROSIVE 


■€6p'per-as,  n.  Sulphate  of 
iron  ;  green  yitriol. 

Cop'per-plate,  «.  A  plate  of 
copper  engraved,  or  an  im- 
pression from  it.  [copper. 

■Gop'per-y,    a.  Containing 

■€6p'piQe, )  n.   A  wood  of 

"Cdpse,     )     small  growth. 

•€6p'u-la''tive,  a.  Serving  to 
unite.  —  n.  A  copulative 
conjunction. 

oop'y  (19),  n.  A  transcript ; 
pattern;  imitation. — v.  t. 
To  transcribe ;  to  imitate. — 
V.  i.   To  make,  as  a  copy. 

■€6p'y-h61d,  n.  A  tenure  in 
England  by  copy  of  record. 

■eSp'y-ist  (13),  n.  One  who 
copies. 

■Cdp'y-right  (-rTt),  n.  The  sole 
right  of  an  author  to  publish 
a  book. 

Co-quSt'  (ko-ketO,  v.  t.  To 
attempt  to  excite  admiration 
from  vanity.  —  v.i.  To  trifle 
in  love.  [love. 

■eo-quet'ry,  n.     Trifling  in 

-eo-quette'  (ko-ketO,  n,  A 
vain,  jilting  girl. 

■€o-quet'tish  (-ket/-),  a.  Be- 
fitting a  coquette. 

"€6r'al,  n.  A  calcareous  se- 
cretion by  zoophytes. 

■edr'al-line,  a.  Of  or  like 
coral. 

■Cwd,  n.  A  line  ;  a  measure 
of  wood  containing  128  cubic 
feet.  —  V.  t.  To  tie  up  ;  to 
pile  up  for  measurement. 

•Cord'age,  n.  Ropes  or  cords. 

•Gord'ate,  a.  Heart-shaped. 

■€6r'di-al,  or  -edrd'ial,  n.  An 
exhilarating  liquor.  —  a. 
Hearty ;  sincere. 

■e6rMi-ai'i-ty,  or  -eord-ial'i- 
ty,  n.  Sincerity ;  warm  af- 
fection. 

■€6r'di-al-ly,  or  -eord'ial-ly, 
adv.  With  sincere  aflFection. 

-eor'don,  n.  A  line  of  military 
posts  or  troops. 

■€6r/du-roy',  n.  A  thick, 
ribbed  cotton  stuff. 

Cord'wain-er,  n.  A  shoe- 
maker. 

"Gore,  n.  Heart  or  inner  part. 
-Go/ri-a'ceoiis,  a.  Consisting 
of  leather ;  leathery. 


•€6'ri-an''dcr,  n.  A  plant 
having  scrong-scented  seeds. 

■€6rk,  n.  A  tree,  or  its  bark  ; 
a  stopper. — v.  t.  To  stop 
with  a  cork. 

■e6rk'-s€rew  (-sknj),  n.  A 
screw  to  draw  corks  from 
bottles.  [sea-bird. 

-eor'mo-rant,  n.  A  voracious 

■Gorn,  n.  Grain  of  any  kind ; 
maize  ;  a  hard,  horny  ex- 
crescence on  the  feet.  — v.  t. 
To  sprinkle  with  salt. 

•Gor'ne-a,  n.  Horny  mem- 
brane in  the  fore  part  of  the 
eye. 

■Gor'nel,  n.    A  shrub  and  its 

frviit.  [cret  place. 

•Gor'ner,  n.  An  angle  ;  a  se- 
■Gor'ner-stone,  w.  A  stone  at 

the  corner  of  a  foundation. 
■Gor'ner-wise,  adv.  From 

corner  to^corner ;  with  the 

corner  in  front. 
■Gor'net,  n.  A  musical  wind 

instrument ;  cavalry  officer. 
■Gor'net-Qy,  n.    Office  of  a 

cornet.  [top  of  a  wall. 

■Gor'mge,  n.  Molding  at  the 
■G6r/iiu-€o'pi-a  (18),  n.  A 

horn  of  plenty. 
■Gdr'ol,      )  n.  The 
■Go-rol'la,  )  inner 

part  of  a  flower, 

composed  of  petals. 
■G6r'ol-la-ry,  n.  An 

inference  derived 

incidentally. 
■G6r'o-nal,   n.  A 

crown ;  garland. 

a.  Relating  to  the  top  of  the 

head.  [or  like,  a  crown. 
■G6r'o-na-ry,  a.  Relating  to, 
^6r/o-na'tion,  n.     Act  of 

crowning. 
•G6r'o-ner,  n.  An  officer  who 

inquires  into  the  cause  of 

any  sudden  death. 
■G6r'o-net,  n.  Crown  worn  by 

a  nobleman. 
■Gor'po-ral,  n.    An  inferior 

military  officer.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  body. 
-Gor'po-ral-ly,  adv.  Bodily. 
■Gor'po-rate,  a.  United  in  a 

community  or  association. 
■Gor^po-ra'tion,  n.  A  society 

acting  as  an  individual. 


Corollas. 


■Gor'po-ra^tor,  n.   A  member 

of  a  corporation. 
■Gor-po're-al,  a.    Having  a 

body  ;  bodily  ;  not  spiritual. 
"Gor-po're-al-ly,  adv.    In  a 

bodily  form  or  manner. 
•Gor^po-re'i-ty,  9i.  Bodily 

substance.  [troops. 
■Gorps  (kor),  n.  A  body  of 
■Corpse,  n.  A  dead  body. 
■Gor'pu-lenge,  n.  Fleshiness. 
■Gor'pu-lent,  a.  Very  fleshy. 
■Gor'pus-gle  (-pus-sl),  n.  An 

atom  ;  a  minute  particle. 
■Gor-piis'-eu-lar,  a.  Relating 

to  corpuscles. 
■Gor-re-et',  v.  t.     To  make 

right ;  to  reprove  or  punish. 

—  a.  Exact ;  accurate. 
■Gor-re-e'tion,  n.    Act  of  cor- 
recting. 

■Gor-re-et'ive,  a.  Tending  to 
correct.  —  n.  That  which 
has  the  power  of  correcting. 

■Gor-re€t'ly,  adv.  Exactly. 

•Gor-re-et'ness,  n.  Accuracy. 

■Gor-rS-ct'or,  n.  One  wlio 
corrects. 

■Gor-rel'a-tive,  a.  Having 
mutual  relation.  —  n.  One 
who,  or  that  which,  stands 
in  a  reciprocal  relation  to 
some  other  person  or  thing. 

•Gdr^re-spdnd',  v.  i.  To  suit ; 
to  agree;  to  send  and  re- 
ceive letters. 

•G6r^re-sp6nd'enge,  n.  Agree- 
ment ;  interchange  of  let- 
ters. 

■Gor-'re-spSnd'ent,  a.  Suited ; 
conformable.  —  n.  One  w  ho 
has  intercourse  by  letters. 

"Gor'ri-dor,  n.  A  gallery  lead- 
ing to  independent  apart- 
ments, [ening. 

■Gor-r6b'o-rant,  a.  Strength- 

•Gor-r6b'o-rate,  r.  t.  To  con- 
firm :  to  strengthen. 

■Gor-rSb''  o  -ra'tion ,  m  .  Ac  t  of 
corroborating. 

■Gor-r6b'o-ra-tive,  a.  Tend- 
ing to  corroborate. 

•Gor-rode',  v.  t.  To  consume 
by  degrees.  [away. 

■Gor-ro'§ion,  n.  Act  of  eating 

■Gor-ro'Sive,  a.  Eating  away 
gradually.  —  n.  Something 
that  corrodes. 


a,e,  T,  0,  u,  y,  long;  Ji,  ^,  i,  6,  ti, 5^,  short;  care, car,  ask,  ^11, whjjt ;  ere,  veil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


CORRUGATE 


73 


COUNTESS 


•C6r'ru-gate,  v.t.To  -vrrinkle ; 
to  contract. 

■€6r^ru-ga'tion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion into  wrinkles. 

■Gor-mpt',  V.  To  spoil.  —  a. 
Decayed  ;  spoilt ;  debased. 

■eor-rtipVi-bil'l-ty,  n.  Ca- 
pacity of  being  corrupted. 

•€or-rupt'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  corrupted. 

■€or-rup'tion,  n.  Putres- 
cence ;  pollution  ;  depravity 
of  morals.  [cal  vessel. 

■Gor'sair,  n.  A  pirate  or  pirati- 

■Gorse,  n.  A  corpse.  [  Poetical.] 

■Gorse'let,  n.  A  light  breast- 
plate, [ladies. 

■Gor'set,  n.      A  bodice  for 

■Gor'tege  (kor/tazh),  n.  A 
train  of  attendants,  [bark. 

■G6r'ti-€al,  n.    Belonging  to 

■G6r'us-€ate,  or  -Go-rus'eate, 
V.  i.    To  glitter  ;  to  sparkle. 

•G6r/us-€a'tion,  n.  A  sudden 
flash  of  light.  [war. 

-Gor-v6tte',  n,    A  sloop  of 

■Gd'sey,  a.  See  Cozey. 

■Go§^met'i€,  a.  Promoting 
beauty.  —  n.  A  wash  for 
improving  the  complexion. 

■Gos-mog'o-ny,  w.  Science  of 
the  formation  of  the  world. 

•Gos-m6g'ra-pher,  n.  One 
versed  in  cosmography. 

"Gog-m6g'ra-phy,  n.  A  de- 
scription of  the  world. 

"Go§-m61'o-gist,  n.  One  versed 
in  cosmology. 

•Go§-m61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of 
the  world  or  universe. 

■Gog-m6p'o-lite,  n.  A  citizen 
of  the  world. 

■Gds'set,  n.  A  lamb  reared  by 
hand.  — v.  t.   To  fondle. 

■G6st,  n.  Price  paid ;  charge  ; 
expense;  loss  of  any  kind. 
—  V.  i.  {imp.  &p.p.  COST.] 
To  be  had  at  the  price  of. 

•GSs'tal,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ribs. 

■G6s'tive,  a.  Constipated. 
•Gos'tive-ness,  n.    State  of 

being  costive :  constipation. 
•G6st'li-ness  (13),  n  Expen- 

siveness. 
•Gost'ly,  a.  Expensive  ;  dear. 
■Gos-tume',  or  -Gos'tume,  n. 

Style  or  mode  of  dress. 


■Got, 
€ote, 
sore  i 
ure. 
■G6t,  \ 
■Gott, 


n.    A  small  house  ; 

hut  ;  cover  for  a 
inger ;  shed  or  inclos- 

bed  or 


Liv- 


A  little 
cradle. 
■Go-t^m^po-ra'ne-ous, 
•Go-tem'po-ra-ry , 

iug  at  the  same  time. 
•Go-tem'po-ra-ry,    n.  One 

who  lives  in  the  same  age. 
■Go^te-rie'  (18),  n.    A  set  of 
people  who  meet  familiarly. 
■Go-til'lon  (-til/yun),  )  n.  A 
■Go-til'lion,  )  brisk 

lively  dance  and  tune. 
■Got'tage  (18),  n.    A  small 
house  ;  a  hut.      [a  cottage. 
■G6t'ta-gcr,  n.    One  living  in 
•Gdt'ter,  n.    A  cottager. 
-Gdtaon  (kot^tn), 
n.  A  plant  and 
a  downy  sub- 
stance pro- 
duced by  it. 
■Got'ton-y,  a. 
Like    cotton  ; 
downy. 
-Gdt'y-le'don,  71. 
One    of  the 
seed-lobes  of  a 
plant. 

■G6t/y-led'o-nous,  a.  Having 
-Gouch,  V.  i.  To  lie  down  ;  to 
stoop,  as  in  fear.  —  v.  t.  To 
lay  down  ;  to  express  ;  to  re- 
move, as  a  cataract  from  the 
eye.  — n.  A  place  for  repose. 
•Gough ( kawf ) ,n.  Effort  of  the 
lungs  to  throw  off  phlegm. 

—  V.  To  expel  by  a  cough; 
to  try  to  throw  off  phlegm. 

■Gould  (kdbd),  imp.  of  Can. 

■Goul'ter.    See  Colter. 

■Goun'Qil,  n.  An  assembly  for 
consultation  or  advice. 

■Goun'gil-or,  )  n.  A  member 

•Goun'Qil-lor, )    of  a  council. 

•Goun'sel,  n.  Advice  ;  an  ad- 
viser; an  advocate.  —  v.  t. 
(8)    To  give  advice. 

•Goun'sel-or  I  (8),  n.  One 

•Goun'sel-lor  j  who  gives 
advice ;  a  lawyer. 

■Gount,  V.  t.  To  reckon  ;  to 
number;  to  esteem.  —  v.i. 
To  number  or  be  counted. 

—  71.  A  tale  ;  a  title. 


■Goun'te-nange,  w.  The  face  ; 
air ;  look  ;  support.  —  v.  t. 
To  support ;  to  patronize. 

■Gount'er,  n.  A  shop  table. — 
adv.   In  opposition. 

■Goun^ter-a^t',  r.  To  act  in 
opposition,    [weigh  against. 

■Goun'ter-baPange,  v.  t.  To 

■Goun'ter-charm,  n.  That 
which  dissolves  a  charm. 

■Goun'ter-eur^rent,  n.  A  cur- 
rent running  contrary  totho 
main  current. 

■Goun'ter-feit,  a.  Forged  ; 
deceitful.  —  71.  A  forgery  ;  a 
cheat.  —  V.  t.  To  forgo. 

■Goun'ter-feit-er,  n.  A  forger. 

•Goun'ter-mand,  n.  A  con- 
trary order. 

■Goun'ter-mand',  v.  t.  To 
revoke,  as  a  command. 

■Goun'ter-march,  n.  A 
marching  back  ;  a  change  of 
the  wings  or  lace  of  a  bat- 
talion, [march  back. 

•Goun'ter-march',  v.  i.  To 

•Goun'ter-mark,  n.  An  after 
mark  on  goods  or  coin. 

■Goun'ter-mark',  r.  t.  To 
apply  a  countermark  to. 

■Goun'ter-nune,  n.  A  sub- 
terranean gallery  excavated 
to  frustrate  the  use  of  an- 
other, [feat  secretly. 

■Goun'ter-nnne',  v.  t.  To  de- 

■Goun'ter-pane,  n.  Cover  of  a 
bed.  [spondent  part. 

•Goun'ter-part,  n.  Corre- 

•Goun'ter-plot,  w.  A  plot 
against  a  plot. 

■Goun'ter-point,  n.  Art  of 
composing  music  in  parts. 

■Goun'ter-poise,  n.  Equal 
weight  in  opposition,  [ance. 

■Goun'ter-poise',  v.  t  To  bal- 

•Goun'ter-sign'  (-sin'),  v.  t. 
To  sign  as  secretary  opposite 
to  the  signature  of  a  supe- 
rior,    [military  watchword. 

■Goun'ter-sign  (-sin'),  w.  A 

■Goun'ter-sig'nal,  n.  A  cor- 
responding signal. 

■Goun'ter-ten'or,  n.  High 
tenor  in  music. 

•Goun'ter-vail',  v.  t.  To  act 
against  equally. 

■Gount'ess,  n.  The  wife  of  an 
earl  or  count. 


son,  or,  dg,  wglf,  ttro,  took  ;  fim,  riie,  pull ;  9,  ^,  soft;     g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  q     ng;  this. 


COUNTING-HOUSE 


74 


CRANBERRY 


Count'ing-house, )  n.  A 

•Count 'ing-room,  )  house 
or  room  for  the  keeping  of 
accouuts.  [iufinite. 

•Count'less,  a.    Numberless ; 

•Coun'tri-fied,  a.  llustic. 

•Coun'try  (kun/try),  n.  Land 
around  a  city  ;  a  kingdom 
or  state  ;  native  place. 

■Goun'try-dange,  n.  A  con- 
tra-dance. 

•€oun 'try-man  (21  One  of 
the  same  country  ;  a  rustic. 

"Goun'try-seat/w.  Country 
residence  of  a  city  gentle- 
man. 

■€oun'ty,  n.  A  shire ;  district. 

■€oup'le  (kQp/1),  71.  Two  of  a 
kind  ;  a  pair  ;  a  brace.  —  v. 
To  join  ;  to  link  ;  to  connect. 

-Goup'Iet  (kap/let),  n.  Two 
verses  that  rhyme  ;  a  pair. 

-Goup'ling  (kup/-),  n.  That 
which  couples  or  connects. 

-Gou'pon  (orkob^pong),  n.  An 
interest  certificate. 

•Gour'age  (kfir^ej),  n.  Bold- 
ness to  encounter  danger.  — 
Syn.  Bravery  ;  valor. 

•eoiir-a'geous,  a.  Brave  ; 
boldj  daring;  valiant,  [ly. 

"€our-a'geous-ly ,  adv.  Brave- 

•Gpu'ri-er  (koo^ri-er),  n.  A 
messenger  sent  in  haste. 

•Course  n.  A  passing  or  run- 
ning ;  race  ;  career  ;  prog- 
ress ;  service  of  meat.  —  v.  i. 
or  t.    To  hunt ;  to  run. 

■Gours'er,  n.    A  swift  horse. 

•Court,  n.  Residence  of  a 
prince  ;  seat  of  justice  ;  an 
inclosed  space  ;  addresses  ; 
attentions. — v.  t.  To  ad- 
dress ;  to  Avoo. 

•Court'e-ous  (kQrt^e-us),  a. 
Polite  ;  civil ;  complaisant. 

•Court'e-ous-ly,  adv.  Polite- 
ly, [an ;  a  prostitute. 

•Court'e-san,  n.  A  lewd  wom- 

•Courte'sy  (kQrt/sy),  n.  Act 
of  respect  by  women.  —  v.  i. 
To  make  a  courtesy. 

•Court'e-sy  (kCirt/e-sj^),  n. 
Politeness  ;  civility. 

■Court'ier  (kort/yer),  n.  One 
who  frequents  court. 

•Court'li-ness,  n.  Complai- 
Fance  with  dignity. 


•Court'ly,  a.  Polite  ;  elegant. 

•CourV-mar'tial  (26),  n.  A 
court  to  try  crimes  in  mili- 
tary or  naval  affairs. 

•Court'ship,  n.  Solicitation 
in  marriage. 

•Cous'm  (kuz^n),  n.  Child  of 
an  uncle  or  aunt. 

•Cove,  n.  A  small  creek  or 
bay.  —  V.  t.    To  arch  over. 

•Cov'e-nant,  n.  An  agree- 
ment; contract.  —  v.  i.  To 
agree  ;  to  stipulate. 

•Cov^e-nant-ee',  n.  One  to 
whom  a  covenant  is  made. 

•Cov'e-nant-er,  n.  Oae  who 
makes  a  covenant. 

•Cov'er  (kuv^er),  v.  t.  To 
spread  over ;  to  clothe ;  to 
conceal.  —  n.  Shelter  ;  con- 
cealment ;  pretense. 

•Cov'er-ing,  n.  Any  thing 
spread  over.  [cover. 

•Cov'er-let,  n.  An  upper  bed- 

•Cov'ert  (ktiv^-),  a.  Hid;  se- 
cret ;  private.  —  n.  A  shel- 
ter ;  defense.  [privately. 

■Cov'ert-ly,  adv.     Secretly  ; 

•Cov'ert-ure,  n.  The  state  of 
a  married  woman. 

•Cov-et,  V.  t.  To  desire  un- 
lawfully or  earnestly. 

■Cov'et-ous,  a.  Avaricious ; 
greedy  for  gain. 

C6v'et-ous-ness,n.  An  eager 
desire  of  gain.  [birds. 

•Cov'ey  (19),  n.   A  brood  of 

•Cow,  n.    Female  of  the  bull. 

—  v.t.lo  depress  by  fright- 
ening. 

•Cow'ard,  n.  One  w^anting 
courage;  a  poltroon.  —  a. 
Timid  ;  base ;  pusillanimous. 

•CoWard-ige,       In. Want  of 

•Cow'ard-li-ness,  )  courage ; 
timidity ;  pusillanimity. 

■Cow'ard-ly,  a.  Meanly  timid. 

—  adv.  With  mean  timid- 
ity,     [waver  through  fear. 

■Gow'er,  v.  i.  To  sink  or 
■Cow'hide,  n. '  Hide  of  a  cow, 

or  leather  made  of  it.  —  v. 

t.    To  beat  with  a  cowhide. 
•Cowl,  n.    A  monk's  hood. 
•Cow'lick,  n.     A  tuft  of  hair 

turned  wrongly   over  the 

forehead.  [disease. 
•Cow'pox,  n.     The  vaccine 


•Cow'slip,    \n.    A  kind  of 
•Cow's'-lip,  (  primrose. 
•C6x'-e5mb  (-kom),  n.  A  fop. 
Cox-eomb'i-c-al  (-kom/-),  a. 

Foppish  ;  conceited. 
-C6x'€omb-ry  (-kom-),n.  The 

manners  of  a  coxcomb. 
•Coy,  a.    Shrinking  from  fa- 
miliarity. —  Syn.  Modest ; 

reserved ;  shy  ;  bashful. 
•Coy'ly,  adv.    With  reserve. 
•Coy'ness,  n.  Shyness. 
Coz'en  (kuz^n),  v.  i.  To  cheat. 
•Co'zy,  a.  Snug ;  comfortable. 
■Crab,  n.  A 

shell-fish 

having   ten  , 

legs ;  a  kind  t 

of  wild  sour 

apple.  ^ 
Crab'bed,  a.  Crab. 

Peevish  ;    cross  ;    morose  ; 

difficult,  [crabbed  manner. 
•Crab'bed-ly,  adv.  In  a 
■Crack,  n.    A  sudden  sharp 

noise ;  a  fissure.  —  v.  i.  or  t. 

To  break  into  chinks. 
•Crack'-brained,  a.  Crazed. 
Crack'er,  n.  A  hard  biscuit ; 

a  kind  of  firework. 
-Crack'le  (kraka),  v.  i.  To 

make  sharp  noises. 
■Cra,ck'ling,  n.    The  noise  of 

something  that  crackles. 
■Cra'dle,  n.    A  machine  for 

rocking  children  ;  also,  one 

for  cutting  grain.  — v.  t.  To 

lay  or  rock  in  a  cradle ;  to 

cut  and  lay  with  a  cradle. 
■Graft,  n.  Manual  art ;  trade  j 

cunning ;  small  vessels. 
•Graft'i-ly,  adv.  With  cun- 
ning, [ning. 
Craft'i-ness  (13),  n.  Cuu- 
Crafts'man,  n.  A  mechanic. 
Craft'y,  a.  Cunning ;  artful. 
Crag,  n.  A  rough,  steep  rock. 
Cr^g'ged,  )  a.  Rugged  with 
■Grag'gy,  j  broken  rocks. 
•Cram,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  stuff;  to 

crowd.  [ing  rhymes. 

•CrS,m^bo,  n.  A  game  at  find- 
■Gr3,mp,  n.    A  spasm  of  the 

muscles.  —  v.  t.  To  confine. 
■Gram-pdbn§',  n.  jpl.  Hooked 

pieces  of  iron  for  hoisting. 
■Cr^n'ber-ry,  n.    A  sour,  red 

berry ,  growing  in  swamps. 


g,  e,  1, 5, 11,  y,  long ;  5, 6,  i,  6,  Q,  5^,  short ;  cSr©,  car,  ask,  ^U,  wh^t ;  ere,  vfiil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


CRANE 


75 


CiUTlCISE 


•€rane,  n.  A  migratory  wading 
bird  ;  a  machine 
for  raising  Ilea vy 

•€  r  a°n  1-6 y, 

n.  A  treatise 

the  cranium.  ^M,^J^ 

■€ra'ni-um,n.(p;.  C^'^^'^- 
•€ra'ni-a,  25.)  The  skull. 

•Crank,  n.  Bent  end  of  an  axis. 
—  a.  Bold;  liable  to  overset. 

•€rankae,  v.  To  run  in  a 
winding  course. 

•Cr3,n'ny,  n.    Crevice  ;  crack. 

•€rape,  n.  A  loosely  woven 
stuff  used  in  mourning. 

•Gr3<sh,  V.  i.  To  make  a  noise, 
as  of  things  falling.  — «.  A 
loud  noise,  as  of  things  fall- 
ing and  breaking. 

•Grate,  n.  A  wicker  pannier 
for  earthen  ware.  [cano. 

•Cra'ter,  n.    Mouth  of  a  vol- 

•€raunch  (kriinch),  v.  t.  To 
crush  with  the  teeth. 

■€ra-vat',  n.    A  neckcloth. 

■Grave,  v.  t.  To  ask  or  desire 
earnestly. 

•Gra'ven,  a.  Mean  and  cow- 
ardly. —  n.    A  coward. 

•Graw,  n.    The  crop  of  birds. 

•Graw'fish,  or  -Gray 'fish,  n. 
A  shell-fish,  resembling  the 
lobster.  [as  a  worm. 

■Grawl,  I',  i.  To  creep  :  to  move 

•GrSy'on,  n.  A  pencil  ;  a 
drawing.  —  v.  t.  To  sketch 
with  a  crayon. 

•Graze,  v.  t.  To  impair  the 
intellect ;  to  make  crazy. 

•Gra'zi-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
crazy,  or  deranged. 

•Gra'zy,  a.  Deranged ;  insane  ; 
broken.  [ing  sound. 

■Greak,  v.  i.   To  make  a  grat- 

"Greak'ing,  n.  A  sharp,  harsh, 
continued  noise. 

•Gream,  n.  Oily  part  of  milk. 
V.  i.  or  t.    To  yield  cream. 

•Gream'y,  a.    Full  of  cream. 

"Grease,  n.  A  mark  left  by 
folding.  — V.  t.  To  mark  by 
folding.  [existence. 

■Gre-ate',  v.  t.    To  bring  into 

"Gre-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  creat- 
ing ;  universe. 

•Gre-a'tive,a.  Having  power 
to  create. 


■Gre-a^or,  n.  One  who  gives 
existence  ;  a  maker ;  God. 

■Great'ure,  n.  A  being  or  thing 
created. 

•Gre'denQe,  n.    Belief ;  faith. 

•€re-den'tial§,  n.  pL  That 
which  gives  credit;  testimo- 
nial, [to  belief. 

•Gred'i-bil'i-ty,  M.  Just  claim 

■Gred'i-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
credit.  [ible  manner. 

■Gr6d'i-bly,  adv.    In  a  cred- 

■Gred'it,  n.  Belief;  trust ;  in- 
fluence ;  reputation  ;  es- 
teem ;  amount  due.  — v.  t. 
To  believe  ;  to  trust ;  to  con- 
fide in. 

■Gred'it-a-ble,  a.  Reputable. 

€red'it-a-bly,  adv.  Repu- 
tably, [a  debt  is  due. 

■Gred'it-or,  n.    One  to  whom 

■Gre-dii'li-ty,  n.  Easiness  of 
belief ;  readiness  to  believe. 

"Gred'u-lous,  a.  Too  apt  to 
believe.      [articles  of  faith. 

■Greed,  n.  Belief;  summary  of 

•Greek,  n.  A  small  inlet,  bay, 
or  river.  [basket. 

-Creel,  n.    An  osier  fishinsj 

Creep,  v.  i.  [imp.  crept, 
CREEPED.]  To  move  as  a 
wo^m  ;  to  move  slowly. 

Cre'ole,  n.  Any  native  of  the 
AV^est  Indies  or  tropical 
America,  except  a  full  blood- 
ed Indian  ;  in  Louisiana,  a 
person  of  French  descent. 

Cre'o-sote,  n.  An  oily  liquid 
having  the  smell  of  smoke. 

Crep'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  crackle 
in  burning.  [sound. 

Crep^i-ta'tion,  n.  A  crackhug 

Crept,  imp.  of  Creep. 

Cre-pus'-eu-lar.  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  like,  twilight. 

Cres'gent,  a.  Increasing. — 
n.  The  increasing  moon ; 
Turkish  standard. 

Cress  (2),  n.    A  plant. 

Crest,  n.  Plume  of  feathers. 

Crest'ed,  a.  Wearing  a  crest. 

Crest'-f alien  (-fa win),  a.  De- 
jected ;  cowed. 

Cre-ta'ceous  (-shus),  a.  Of 
the  nature  of  chalk,  [crack. 

Crev'ice  (18),  n.    A  small 

Crew  (kry),  n.  A  ship's  com- 
pany.—  v.,  imp.  of  Crow. 


Crew'el  (kru/el),M.  A  ball  of 

yarn  ;  two  threaded  worsted, 
drib,  n.    A  manger  ;  rack  ; 

stall.  [cards. 
C^rib'bage,  n.  A  game  at 
■Crick,  n.  A  cramp  ;  spasmodic 

affection,  as  of  the  neck. 
•Grick'et,  n.    A  small  insect ; 

a  sort  of  low  stool ;  a  game. 
•Cried,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Cry. 
-GrI'er  (13),  n.  One  who  cries. 
"Crime,  n.  A  violation  of  law. 

—  Syn.  Sin;  vice;  offense. 
■Grim'i-nal,  a.    Guilty  of  a 

crime.  —  n.  A  man  guilty 
of  a  crime.  [g^ilt. 

■Crim'i-nal-ly,    adv.  With 

•Crim'i-n^l'i-ty, »?.  The  qual- 
ity of  being  criminal. 

•Grim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  charge 
with  crime  ;  to  accuse,  [tion. 

■Crim^i-na'tion,  n.  Accusa- 

■Crimp,  a.  Crumbling  easily  ; 
brittle. — V.  t.  To  catch; 
to  make  crisp  ;  to  form  into 
little  ridges. 

■Grim'gon,  «.  A  deep  red 
color.  —  a.  Colored  as  crim- 
son.—  V.  t.  To  tinge  with 
a  deep  red.  —  v.  i.  To  blush. 

Oringe,  n.  A  low  bow  ;  mean 
servility. — v.  i.  To  bow 
with  servility  ;  to  fawn. 

■Crink'le  (kriijk/l),  v.  To  bend 
in  turns  or  flexures.  —  n. 
One  of  several  folds  or  flex- 
ures. 

•Crip'ple,  n.    A  lame  person. 

—  V.  t.    To  make  lame. 
•Cri'sis  (25),  n.  A  critical  time 

or  turn. 
■Crisp,  V.  t.    To  wrinkle  or 

curl ;  to  make  brittle. 
■Crisp,     I  a.    Brittle  ;  short ; 
-Grisp'y,  j    wrinkled ;  curled. 
•Cri-te'ri-on,  n.  [pi.  Cri-te'- 

ri-a,  25.)    A  standard  of 

judging.  [judging. 
•Grit'i-e,  n.  One  skilled  in 
■Grit'i-e  al,  a.     Relating  to 

criticism  ;   nice ;  captious  ; 

indicating  a  crisis. 
•Grit'i€-al-ly,  adv.     In  the 

manner  of  a  critic  ;  exactly. 
■Grit'i-Qise  (31),  v.  t.  To 

judge  and  remark  upon  with 

exactness.  — v.  i.  To  act  as 

a  critic. 


b6ii,  6r,  dg,  W9lf,  t(3"o,  tdbk;  dm,  rjje,  pi^ill;  9,  ^,  soft;  -6,  g,  hard;      ;  e^ist;  0  as  ng;  this. 


CRITICISM 


76 


CRYSTALLIZE 


•Crit'i-Qism,  n.     The  art  or 

act  of  criticising ;  critical 
remark.  [amination. 

■€ri-tique',  n.     Critical  ex- 

•€r6ak,  n.  Cry  of  a  frog.  — 
V.  i.  To  utter  a  rough 
sound  like  a  frog. 

•Croak'er,  n.  One  who  croaks. 

•Crock,  n.  A  pot ;  black  mat- 
ter.—  V.  t.    To  blacken. 

•Crock'er-y,  n.  All  kinds  of 
coarse  earthen  ware. 

•ero-e'o-dile, 
n.  An  am- 
phibious an- 
imal of  the 
lizard  kind. 

€r6'-eus,  n.  A 
plant  and  its  Crocodile, 
flower. 

■Groft,  n.    A  little  field. 

•€rone,  n.    An  old  Avoman. 

■Cro'ny,  n.  An  intimate  ac- 
quaintance. 

•Crdbk',  w.  Abend;  a  shep- 
herd's staff. —  V.  [imp.  & 
p.  p.  CROOKED.]  To  bend. 

•Crdbk'ed,;?.  a.  Bent;  curv- 
ing. 

■€robk'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  crooked. 

-Crop,  n.  The  harvest;  the 
stomach  of  a  bird. — v.  t. 
To  cut  off ;  to  reap. 

•€ro'sier  (kro^- 
zhur),  n.  A  bish- 
op's pastoral  staff. 

-Gross  (2),  n.  A 
straight  body 
crossing  another ;  Crosiers, 
a  gibbet  ;  adversity  ;  trial. 
—  a.  Athwart;  peevish. — 
V.  t.  To  lay  athwart ;  to 
cancel ;  to  obstruct.  [bar. 

■€r6ss'-bar,  n.    A  transverse 

■€r6ss'-b5w,  n.  A  bow  for 
shooting  arrows. 

•€r6ss-ex-3,m'me,i;. To  ex- 
amine by  the  opposite  party. 

■€r6ss'-eyed  (-id),  a.  Having 
eyes  looking  In  directions 
that  cross  each  other,  [ing. 

■€r6ss'ing,  n.    Place  of  pass- 

-Gross'ness,  n.  Peevishness. 

Cross'-pur'pose  (-pur^pus), 
n.    A  contrary  purpose. 

■Gross'-ques'tion  (kwey/-), -y. 
t.    To  cross-examine. 


•GrSss'-road, )  n.    A  way  or 

■Gr6ss'-way,  j  road  that 
crosses  another.      [a  cross. 

■Gross'wise,  adv.  In  form  of 

•Grotch,  n.  The  forking  of  a 
tree.  [crotch. 

-Grotch'ed,    a.      Having  a 

■Grotch'et,  n.  A  note  equal 
to  half  a  minim  ;  a  whim. 

■Grouch,  V.  i.    To  stoop  low. 

■Group  (kroop),  n  A  disease 
in  the  throat ;  buttocks  of 
a  quadruped. 

■Grow,  n.  A  black  fowl ;  the 
cock's  voice.  —  v.  i.  [iyyip. 
CREW  or  CROWED.]  To 
utter  the  cry  of  a  cock. 

■Grow'bar,  n.  A  heavy  iron 
bar,  used  as  a  lever. 

■Growd,  n.  A  throng  ;  a  mul- 
titude ;  a  violin.  — v.  t.  To 
press  close  ;  to  urge.  —  v.  i. 
To  press  together. 

■Grov/'-fdbt,  n.  A  plant. 

■Grown,  n.  Top  of  the  head ; 
a  royal  ornament ;  a  gar- 
land ;  a  coin.  —  v.  t.  To 
invest  with  a  crown ;  to  dig- 
nify ;  to  complete. 

■Grown'-glass,  n.  A  fine  kind 
of  window-glass. 

■Gr5w'§'-fdbt,  n.  Wrinkle  at 
the  outer  corner  of  the  eye. 

■Gru'cial,  a.  Transverse;  in- 
tersecting ;  severe,  [torture. 

■Gru'ci-ate  (kru^shi-),!-. To 

■Grii'Ql-ble,  n.  A  chemical 
vessel. 

■Gru'Qi-fi'er,  n.  One  who 
crucifies. 

■Gru'Ql-fix,  n.  A  little  cross 
with  an  image  of  Christ  on  it. 

•Gru^Qi-fix'ion,  n.  A  nailing 
to  a  cross.  [cross. 

•Gru'Qi-form,  a.  In  form  of  a 

•Grii'Ql-fy,  v.t.  To  fasten  and 
put  to  death  on  a  cross. 

■Grude,  a.  In  a  raw  or  rough 
state  ;  unfinished  ;  unripe. 

■Grude'ly,  adv.  With  rawness. 

■Grude'ness,  a.  Rawness. 

■Grii'di-ty ,  n.  Undigested  mat- 
ter ;  immaturity.  [pity. 

•Gru'el,  a.  Inhuman  ;  void  of 

•Grii'el-ly,  adv.  Inhumanly. 

■Grii'el-ty,  n.  Inhumanity. 

■Gru'et,  n.    A  vial  for  sauces. 

■Griiise,  v.  i.    To  rove  back 


and  forth  on  the  sea.  —  n. 

A  cruising  voyage. 
■Gruig'er,  n.  A  person  or  ves- 
sel that  cruises. 
■Grumb  (krum),  n.  A  fragment 

or  piece,  as  of  bread.  —  v.  t. 

To  break  into  crumbs. 
■Grum'ble,  v.t.  To  break  into 

small  pieces.  —  v.  i.  To  fall 

to  decay  ;  to  perish. 
■Grum'pet,  n.  A  kind  of  soft 

bread -cake. 
■Grum'ple,  v.     To  draw  or 
"  -shrink  into  wrinkles. 
■Grup'per  (kro'op/er),  n.  A 

leather  to  hold  a  saddle 

back  ;  buttocks  of  a  horse. 

—  V.  t.  To  put  a  crupper  on. 
■Gru-sade',  n.  A  military  ex- 
pedition to  recover  the  Holy 
Land  ;  any  religious  or  fa- 
natical expedition. 

■Gru-sad'er,  n.  One  employed 
in  a  crusade.  [vial. 

•Gruse,  n.    A  small  cup  or 

■Grush,  V.  t.  To  bruise  or 
break  by  pressure ;  to  sub- 
due ;  to  ruin.  —  n.  A  violent 
collision  and  compression. 

■Grust,  n.     A  hard  covering. 

—  V.  i.  or  t.  To  cover  with 
a  hard  case. 

•Grus-ta'cean,  n.  A  shell-fish 
with  a  crust-like  shell,  as 
the  lobster. 

■Grus-ta'ceous,  a.  Having 
jointed  crust-like  shells. 

■Grust'i-ly,  adv.  Peevishly. 

■Grust'y,  a.  Like  crust ;  snap- 
pish ;  peevish  ;  surly. 

•Grutch,  n.  A  staff  for  crip- 
ples. —  V.  t.  To  support  on 
crutches. 

•Gry,  V.  t.  or  t.  To  call ;  to 
exclaim  ;  to  proclaim  ;  to 
weep.  —  n.  A  bawling  ;  out- 
cry ;  yell ;  a  weeping. 

•Grypt,  n.  A  cell  or  vault 
under  a  church. 

■Grys'tal,  n.  A  regular  solid 
body  ;  fine  glass  ;  a  watch- 
glass. 

•Grys'tal,  )  a.  Consisting 
■Grys'tal-line,  )  of  crystal. 
■Grj^s/tal-li-za'tion,  n.  The 

process  of  forming  crystals. 
■Grys'tal-lize  (7),  v.  t.  or  i. 

To  form  into  crystals. 


,  I,  o,  ti,  y ,  long ;  a,  6,  i,  6,  u, 5^1  ^^toriyxare,  car, ask,      whg.t ;  ere,  veil,  tErm  ;  pi'que,  firm ; 


CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 


77 


■€rys^tal-16g'ra  ph5'  ,  n.  The 

science  oi'  crystallization. 
■Cub,  n.    The  young  of  many 

beasts, especially  of  the  dog. 
•€u'ba-ture,  n.     The  finding 

the  exact  cubic  contents  of 

a  body. 
•€ube,  n.    A  reg- 
ular solid  body 

■with  six  equal  ^ 

sides  ;  the  third 

power  of  a  root.  Cube. 
•Gu'beb,  n.    A  small  spicy 

tropical  berry. 
■€u'bi€,  a.    Having  the  form 

of  a  cube.  [cube. 
■Gu'bi-form,  a.  In  form  of  a 
"Gu'bit,  n.     The  fore  arm ; 

measure  of  a  man's  arm 

from  the  elbow  to  the  wrist. 
•Cuck'old,  n.    A  man  whose 

wife  is  false  to  him. 
•Cuck'("o,  n.     A  bird,  —  so 

called  from  its  note. 
■Gu'€um-ber,  n.     A  certain 

garden  plant. 
■Gud,  n.   A  portion  of  food  or 

of  tobacco  chewed,  [snug. 
■€ud'dle,  t'.  i.  To  lie  close  or 
■€ud'dy,  n.    A  small  cabin  in 

a  lighter  or  boat. 
•€ud'gel  (8),  n.  A  thick,  heavy 

stick. — V.  t.    To  beat  with 

a  stick. 

•€ue  (18),  n.    End  or  tail  of  a 

thing  ;  a  hint ;  a  rod  used  in 

playing  billiards. 
-Guff  (1),  n,    A  blow  ;  part  of 

a  slettve.  —  v.  t.    To  strike 

with  the  open  hand. 
•Gu'i-rass'  (kwe-rus^  or  kwe'- 

ras),  n.   A  breastplate. 
■Gu'i''ras-sier'  (kwG/ras-seer'), 

n.    A  soldier  armed  with  a 

cuirass.  [the  kitchen. 

•Gu'li-na-ry,  a.  Belonging  to 
■Gull  (1),  V.  t.    To  select  or 

pick  out.  [strainer. 
•€ul'len-der,  n.   A  kind  of 
■Gul'ler,  n.    One  who  culls. 
■GuPmi-nate,  v.  i.    To  reach 

the  highest  point. 
•GuPmi-na'tion,  n.  Highest 

point  of  altitude.  [able. 
•Gul'pa-ble,  a.  Faulty  ;  bl:im- 
•Giil'pa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Blamable- 

ness  ;  faultiness  ;  guilt. 
■Giil'pa-bly,  adv.  With  blame. 


-Gul'prit,  n.  One  accused  or 
convicted  of  crime. 

■Gul'ti-va-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  cultivated. 

•Guiai-vate,  v.t.  To  till ;  to 
foster  ;  to  raise  by  tilling. 

■GuFti-va'ted,  p.  a.  Improved 
or  raised  by  culture. 

•GuPti-va'tion ,  n.  Improve- 
ment by  tillage,  or  by 
study. 

•Gul'ti-va'tor,  n.    One  who 
cultivates ;  an 
implement  for 
loosening  the 
surface  of  the    _  ^ 
ground.  Cultivator. 

•Gult'iire,  n.  Act  of  cultivat- 
ing. —  V.  t.   To  cultivate. 

■Gul'vert,n.  An  arched  drain. 

■Gum'ber,  v.  i.  To  clog ;  to 
burden.  [some. 

-Giim'ber-some,  a.  Burden- 

■GCim'brous,  a.  Troublesome  ; 
embarrassing ;  oppressive. 

■Gum'in,  v.  A  plant  having 
aromatic  seeds. 

■Gu'mu-late,  v.t.  To  heap  up. 

•Gu^mu-la'tion,  m  Act  of 
heaping  together. 

■Gu'mu-la-tive,  a.  Augment- 
ing by  addition.  [shaped. 

•Gu-ne'i-forra,    a.  Wedge- 

•Gun'ning,  a.  Artful ;  crafty  ; 
sly.  —  n.  Art ;  skill ;  craft. 

■Gup,  n.  A  small  drinking  ves- 
sel. —  v.t.  To  bleed  by  scari- 
fication,     [closet  for  cups. 

■Gup'board  (kflb-'urd),  n.  A 

•Cu'pel,  n.    A  little  cup. 

•Gu'pel-la'tion,  n.  The  pro- 
cess of  refining  metals. 

•Gu-pid'i-ty,  n.  Inordinate  de- 
sire, particularly  of  wealth. 

-Gu'po-la (18),  n.  A  dome;  an 
arched  roof.  [bleeding. 

■Giip'ping,  n.     A  mode  of 

■Giir,  n.  A  dog;  a  snappish 
fellow.  [ing  cured. 

■Giir'a-ble,  a.    Capable  of  be- 

■Gu^ra-goa'  (-so''),  n.  A  cordial 
flavored  with  orange  peel 
and  spices.  [rate. 

■Gu'ra-gy,  n.    Office  of  a  cu- 

■Gu'rate,  n.  An  assistant  to  a 
rector  or  vicar.  [cure. 

•Gii'ra-tive,   a.    Tending  to 

■Gu-ra'tor,  n.    A  guardian. 


CURTAIN 

•G^irb,  V.  t.  To  keep  in  sub- 
jection.  —  Syn.  To  check  ; 
bridle;  control.  —  n.  Part 
of  a  bridle  ;  box  round  a 
well ;  restraint. 

■Gurd,  n.    Coagulated  milk. 

-Gur'dle,  v.    To  coagulate. 

■Gure,  n.  Remedy  ;  a  healing. 

—  v.t.  To  restore  to  health  ; 
to  salt  and  dry. 

-Gur'few,  n.  An  evening  bell. 
•Gu^ri-os'i-ty,  n.    Great  in- 

quisitiveness ;  a  rarity  ;  a 

sight. 

■Gu'ri-ous,  a.  Inquisitive ; 
nice  ;  singular. 

•Gurl,  n.  A  ringlet  of  hair.  — 
V.    To  form  into  ringlets. 

■Gur'lew^.  n.  An  aquatic  wad- 
ing bird.  [curly. 

■Gurl'i-ness,  n.  State  of  being 

■Gurl'y,  a.    Having  curls. 

■Gur-mud'geon  (-jun),  n.  A 
miser ;  a  churl. 

■Gur'rant,  n.  A  shrub  and  its 
fruit. 

"Gur'ren-Qy,  n.  Circulation  ; 
money  ;  paper  passing  fof 
money. 

•Gur'rent,  a.  Circulating ; 
common  ;  generally  re- 
ceived ;  now  passing.  —  n. 
A  stream  ;  general  course. 

■Gur'rent-ly,  adv.  With  gen- 
eral reception ;  fashionably. 

■Gur'ri-cle,  w.  A  chaise  of 
two  wheels  for  two  horses. 

■Giir'ri-er,  n.  A  dresser  of 
tanned  leather. 

■Gur'rish,  a.  Like  a  cross  dog. 

Gur'ry,  v.t.  Ho  rub  and  clean. 

Gur'ry-€6inb  (-kom),  n.  A 
comb  to  clean  horses. 

■Giirse,  v.t.    To  wish  evil  to. 

—  V.  i.  To  use  oaths.  —  n. 
A  wish  of  evil ;  execration. 

•Gurs'ed,  a.  Deserving  a 
curse  ;  vexatious  ;  hateful. 

•Gur'sive,  a.  Running;  flow- 
ing :  hasty.  [ily. 

■Cur'so-ri-ly  (13),  a^/t'.  Ilast- 

•Gur'so-ry,  a.  Hasty  ;  hur- 
ried ;  slight. 

•Gur-tail',  v.  t.  To  cut  short ; 
to  abridge  ;  to  cut  off. 

-Gur'tain,  n.  A  hanging  cloth 
for  a  bed  or  window.  — v,  t. 
To  furnish  with  curtains. 


B6n,  6r,  dp,  W9lf,  tcTo,  tdbk ;  <lrn,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


CURYATION 


78 


DAISY 


•Gur-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  curv- 
ing or  bending. 

■Gurv'a-ture,  n.    A  curve. 

■Curve,  a.  Bending ;  intiected. 
—  71.  Any  thing 
bent. — V.  t.  To  ^  ^ 
intiect ;  to  bend. 

■eur'vet,     n.     A  Curve, 
particular  leap  of  a  horse. 

•€urv/i-lin'e-al,  )  «.  Having 

•Gurv/i-lin'e-ar,  j  a  curve 
line.  [curvature. 

-Curv'i-ty,  n.    A  bent  state  ; 

■€ush'ioii  (kobsh^un),  n.  A 
pillow  for  a  seat.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  cushions. 

■€usp,  n.  Vomt  of  the  new 
moon  ;  projecting  point  in 
arches,  &c. 

•Gusp'i-date,     )  a.  Ending 

•Gusp'i-da^ted,  j   in  a  point. 

•€u.s'tard,  n.  A  composition 
of  milk,  eggs,  sugar,  &c. 

•€us-to'di-an,  n.  One  who 
has  the  care  of  a  public 
building. 

•€us'to-dy,  n.  A  keeping  or 
guarding  ;  imprisonment. 

■Gus'tom,  n.  Habitual  prac- 
tice ;  {pi.)  duties  on  im- 
ported or  exported  goods. 

•eus'tom-a-ri-ly,  adv.  Habit- 
ually. 

•€us'tom-a-ry,  a.  Conform- 
able to  custom  ;  conven- 
tional. 

•Cus'tom-er,  n.  An  accus- 
tomed buyer  ;  a  purchaser. 


■Cus'tom-house,  n.  Place 
where  customs  or  duties  are 
paid. 

•Cut,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
CUT.]  To  make  an  incision 
in  ;  to  divide  ;  to  hew  ;  to 
carve  ;  to  chop.  —  n.  A 
cleft  or  gash  ;  a  slice. 
•Cu-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Relating  to 
the  skin.  [of  the  body. 

•Cu'ti-cle,  71.  Outermost  skin 
■Cu-ti-e'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  cuticle.  [sword. 
-Cut'lass,  n.  A  broad  curving 
•Cut'ler,  71.  A  maker  of  knives, 
and  the  like.  [by  cutlers. 
■Cut'ler-y,  n.  Articles  made 
■Gut 'let,  n.    A  small  piece  of 

meat  for  broiling. 
•Cut 'purse,  n.    One  who  cwts 
purses  to  steal  their  con- 
tents. 

■Cut'ter,  n.  A  swift  sailing 
vessel. 

•Cut'-throat,  n.  A  murder- 
er ;  an  assassin. 

•Cut'ting,  a.  Severe ;  pun- 
gent. —  n.    A  piece  cut  off. 

■Gut'tle-fish,  n.  A  mollus- 
cous animal. 

■Cut'-wa^ter,  n.  Fore  part  of 
a  ship's  prow. 

Qy'-ele,  n.  A  circle  or  orbit ; 
a  round  of  time. 

Qy€'li-e,      I  a.  Pertaining  to 

Qy-e'li€-al,  )     a  cycle. 

Qy^-elo-pe'an, )  a.  Vast ;  mas- 

Qy-€l6p'i€,    j  sive. 


gj^^-elo-pse'di-a  I  (18),  n.  A 

5y/-eio-pe'di-a  )  body  or 
circle  of  sciences. 

T|yg'net,n.  Ayoung 
swan. 

QyPin-der,  n.     A  i 
long  circular  body  | 
of  uniform  diame- 
ter. 

Qy-lin'dri-e-al,     a.  , 
Of  the  nature  of  a 
cylinder.  Cyhnder. 

Qym'bal,  n.  An  instrument 
of  music. 

Qyn'i-e,     )  a.  Surly ;  ^ 

Qyn'i-c-al,  )      snarl-  ^ 
ing;  satirical. 

Qyn'i-e,  n.   A  morose 
man.  Cymbals. 

Qyn'o-sure,  or  Qy 'no-sure 
(-shijrjj  n.  The  star  nearest 
the  north  pole ;  a  center  of 
attraction. 

Qy 'press,  n.  An  evergreen 
tree,  anciently  used  at  funer- 
als and  to  adorn  tombs,  and 
hence  an  emblem  of  mourn- 
ing. 

Qyst,  71.  A  bag  in  animal 
bodies  inclosing  matter. 

Qzar  (zar),  n.  A  king ;  a 
chief ;  the  emperor  of  Rus^ 
sia. 

Qza-ri'na  (za-ree'na),  n.  The 

empress  of  Russia. 
QzHr'O-witz  (zar/o-wits),  n. 

Eldest  son  of  the  Czar  of 

Russia. 


DAB,  v.  t.  To  hit  gently 
with  the  hand  or  with 
something  soft  or  moist.  — 
n.  A  blow  with  something 
soft. 

Dab'ble,  v.  i.    To  play  in 
water. 

Dab'bler,  n.    One  who  dab- 
bles. 

Dab'ster,  n.    An  adept. 
DaQe,  71.    A  small  river  fish. 
Da-e'tyl,  n.    A  poetical  foot 


of  one  long  and  two  short 

syllables. 
Dad,      )  n.    A  child's  term 
Dad'dy,  )     for  father. 
Daf'fo-dil,  n.    A  plant  with 

yellow  flowers. 
Dag'ger,  n.    A  short  sword  ; 

a  reference  mark  [t]._ 
Da-guerre'o-type  (-ger^o-), 

71.    A  photographic  picture 

on  a  plate  of  silvered  copper. 
Dahl'ia  (daFyi  or  d:\Vy -k),  n. 


A  plant  bearing  beautiful 
flowers. 

Dai'ly  (14),  a.  Being  every 
day.  — a(Jv.    Every  day. 

Dain'ti-ly  (13),  adv.  Nicely ; 
delicately. 

Dain'ty,  a.  Nice  ;  fastidious  ; 
delicious.  —  7i.    A  nice  bit. 

Dai'ry,  n.  The  place  where 
milk  is  kept,  and  made  into 
butter  or  cheese.  [plant. 

Dai'gy,  n.     A  well-known 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e, !,  5,  ti,  y,  sJiort ;  care,  car,  5.sk,  gU,  wh.^.t ;  ere,  vsil,  t5rm ;  piquw,  firm  ; 


DALE 


79 


DEAN 


Dale,  n.  A  low  place  between 
hills. 

Darii-ange  (13),  n.  Act  of  ■ 
fondness  ;  mutual  embra^ 

Dai'iy,  V.  i.  To  delay  ;  to 
linger  ;  to  tritie  or  sport 
to  fondle. 

Dam,  n.  The  mother  of 
brutes ;  a  bank  to  confine 
water.  —  v.  t.  To  confine 
or  shut  in  by  dams. 

Dam'age,  n.    Injury  ;  hurt. 

—  V.  t.  To  injure  ;  to  hurt. 
Dam'ask,  n.    A  silk  woven 

with  flowers. — v.  t.  To 
decorate  with  ornamental 
figures,  as  silk,  steel,  &c. 
Dam'ask-een',  v.  t.  To  dam- 
ask. 

Dame,  n.  A  lady ;  a  matron. 
D^mn  (dam),  v.  t.    To  con- 
demn. 

Dam'na-ble,  a.  Deserving 

damnation  ;  odious. 
Dam'na-bly,  adv.    So  as  to 

incur  or  deserve  damnation. 
Dam-na'tion,  n.  Sentence  to 

everlasting  punishment. 
Dam'na-to-ry,  a.  Tending  to 

condemn ;  condemnatory. 
D&mp,  a.    Moist ;  humid ; 

watery.  — n.  Moist  air  ;  fog. 

—  V.  t.  To  wet;  to  dispirit. 
D&mp'er,  n.  A  valve  to  stop 

air  ;  that  which  damps. 

Damp'ness,  n.  Humidity. 

Dam'gel,  w.  A  young  maiden. 

Dam'gon  (dam^zn),  n.  A 
small  black  plum. 

Dange,  v.  i.  To  move  to 
music  with  varied  motions 
of  the  feet.  —  n.  A  moving 
to  the  sound  of  music. 

Dan'ger,  n.  One  who  dances. 

Dan'dle,  v.  t.  To  shake  on  the 
knee  ;  to  fondle.  [head. 

Dan'druff ,  n.    Scurf  on  the 

Dan'dy,  n.  A  fop  ;  a  coxcomb. 

Dan'dy-ism,  n.  Manners  and 
character  of  a  dandy. 

Dan'ger,  n.  Exposure  to  in- 
jury ;  peril. 

Dan'ger-ous,  a.  Full  of  dan- 
ger, [danger. 

Dan'ger-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
.  Dan'gle,!?.  i.  To  hang  loose. 

Dank,  a.    Moist ;  damp. 

Dap'per,  a.  Little  and  active. 


D3,p'ple,  a.  Of  various  colors. 

Dap'pled,  a.  Spotted. 

Dare,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
DURST.]  To  have  courage  ; 
to  venture.  —  v.  t.  To  chal- 
lenge ;  to  defy  ;  to  venture. 

Dar'ing,  a.  Having  great 
courage  ;  fearless  ;  brave. 

Diirk,  a.  Wanting  light  ;  ob- 
scure ;  opaque. —  n.  Dark- 
ness ;  gloom. 

Dark'en,  -y.  t.  To  make  dark. 

—  V.  i.   To  grow  dark. 
Dark'ish,  a.    Kather  dark  ; 

dusky.  [blindly. 
Dark'ly,  adv.  Obscurely ; 
Dark'ness,  n.  Want  of  light ; 

gloom  ;  obscurity. 
Dark's6me,  a.  Gloomy  ;  dim. 
Dar'ling,  a.   Dearly  beloved. 

—  n.  One  much  loved. 
Darn,  v.  t.    To  mend  holes 

in  by  sewing. 

Dar'nel,  n.  A  kind  of  grass. 

Dart,  n.  A  pointed  missile 
weapon.  —  v.  t.  To  throw  ; 
to  hurl ;  to  emit.  —  v.  i.  To 
fly  as  a  dart. 

Dash,  V.  t.  To  throw  violent- 
ly.—  V.  i.  To  rush  or  strike 
violently.  —  n.  Collision  ; 
sudden  onset ;  a  mark  [ — ] 
used  in  writing  and  printing. 

Das'tard,  n.  One  who  mean- 
ly shrinks  from  danger.  — 
Syn.   Coward  ;  poltroon. 

D3,s'tard-ly,  a.  Meanly  timid. 

Da'ta,  n.  pi.  Propositions 
given  and  admitted  ;  prem- 
ises. 

Date,  n.  The  time 
of  an  event ;  the 
fruit  of  a  palm- 
tree.  —  V.  t.  To 
note  the  time  of. 

Da'tive,  n.  The 

third  of  the  Greek  Date-tree, 
and  Latin  cases. 

Daub  (8),  V.  t.  To  smear  ;  to 
paint  coarsely. 

Daub'er,  n.  One  who  daubs. 

Daiib'y,  a.  Sticky  ;  rojjy  ; 
glutinous  ;  viscous. 

Daugh'ter  (daw'ter),  n.  A 
female  child. 

Daunt,  V.  t.  To  check  by  fear 
of  danger.  — Syn.  To  intim- 
idate ;  dishearten ;  dismay. 


Davits. 


Daunt'less,  a.   Fearless  ;  in- 
trepid ;  bold. 
Dau'phin,  n.    Eldest  son  of 

the  king  of  France. 
Dav'it,  orDa'vit, 

71.  Projecting 

pieces  of  iron  in 

a  ship  to  suspends 

a  boat  from. 
Daw'dle,t'.t.  To 

waste   time  by 

trifling. 
Dawn ,v.i.   To  begin  to  grow 

light. — n.    Break  of  day; 

beginning  ;  first  rise. 
Day,  n.  Time  from  sunrise  to 

sunset  ;  the  24:  hours. 
Day'-bdbk,  n.  A  journal  of 

accounts.  [anceof  day. 
Day'-break,  n.  First appear- 
Day 'light  (-lit),  n.    Light  of 

day. 

Day '-spring,  n.  The  dawn. 
Daze,  V.  t.    To  dazzle  ;  to  be- 
wilder. 

D^z'zle,  V.  t.  To  overpower 
with  light  or  splendor. 

Dea'€on  (de^kn),  n.  A  sub- 
ordinate church  officer. 

Dea'-eon-ship,  n.  Office  of  a 
deacon. 

Dead,  a.   Destitute  of  life  ; 

lifeless  ;  dull  ;  still,  —  n. 

Stillness  ;  gloom  ;  silence. 
Dead'en  (ded'n),  v.  t.  To 

make  dead  or  spiritless. 
Dead'-light  (-lit),  n.  A 

strong  shutter  for  a  cabin 

window,  with  a  glass  in  it. 
Dead'ly,  a.  Fatal ;  mortal. 
Dead'ness,  n.  Want  of  hfe. 
Deaf  (or  dcef),  a.  AVantinJ 

the  sense  of  hearing. 
Deafen  (or  defn),  v.  t.  To 

make  deaf. 
Deaf-mute  (or  dcFmut),- n. 

One  both  deaf  and  dumb. 
Deafness  (or  def-),  n.  Want; 

of  the  ability  to  hear. 
Deal,  n.    A  part ;  quantity  ; 

distribution  ;  a  pine  or  fir 

board  or  plank. —  v.  t.  [imp. 

&  p.  p.  DEALT.]  To  dis- 
tribute ;  to  divide. —  v.  i.  To 

traffic  ;  to  trade. 
Dean,  n.     An  ecclesiastical 

dignitary  subordinate  to  a 

bishop. 


son,  or,  d.Q,  WQlf,  too,  tot>k  ;  flrn,  rije,  pi;ll ;  5,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard ;      ;  e^ist ;  ^  as  ng ;  this. 


DEANERY 


80 


DECOROUSLY 


Dean'er-y,  n.  Office  of  a 
dean. 

Bear,  a.  Beloved  ;  costly  ; 
of  high  value  ;  precious.  — 
n.   A  person  beloved. 

Dear'ly,  ac/'y.  At  a  high  price. 

Dear'ness,  n.  HigLi  price  ; 
fondness. 

Dearth,  n.    Great  rcarcity. 

Death,  n.    Extinction  of  life. 

Death'-bed,  n.  Led  of  a  dy- 
ing person. 

Death'less,  a.  Immortal. 

Deatlj'-war/rant,  n.  A  war- 
rant for  an  execution. 

De-bar'  (7),  ^^  To  hinder  ; 
to  exclude.  [to  land. 

De-bark',  v.  t.  To  disembark  ; 

De-base',  v.  t.  To  degrade  ; 
to  lower ;  to  adulterate  ;  to 
vitiate.  [tion. 

De-base'ment,  n.  Degrada- 

De-bat'a-ble,  a.  Disputable. 

De-bate',  v.  To  dispute  ;  to 
discuss;  to  controvert. —  n. 
Dispute ;  pubhc  discussion. 

De-bauch',  n.  Excess  in  eat- 
ing and  drinking ;  intem- 
perance. —  V.  t.  To  corrupt. 

Deb^au-Qhee'  (-o-shee''),  n.  A 
drunkard  ;  a  rake. 

De-bauch'er-y,  n.  Intemper- 
ance ;  lewdness. 

De-bent'iire,  n.  A  certificate 
of  a  drawback,  bonds,  &c., 
for  money  loans.  [en, 

De-bil'i-tate,  v.  t.    To  weak- 

De-bil'i-ty,  w.  Weakness. 

Deb'it,  n.  The  debtor  side  of 
an  account-book.  — v.  t.  To 
charge  with  debt. 

Deb^o-nair',  a.  Courteous  ; 
affable. 

De-bouQh'  (-bcToshO  v.  ?'.  To 
issue  or  march  out,  as 
troops. 

De-bris'  (da-bree'),  n.  Ruins ; 

fi  ignients  of  rocks. 
Debt  (det),  n.    What  is  due. 
Debt'or  (det^or),  n.  One  who 

owes. 

Debut  (du-bu''  or  da-bijO,  n- 
A  first  appearance.  [ten. 
De€'ade,  n.  The  number  of 
De-ea'denge,  I  n.  State  of 
De-ca'den-gy,  )  decay. 
De-e'a-gon,  n.  A  figure  often 
sides  and  ten  angles. 


De€'a-16gue  (-log),  n.  The 
ten  commandments. 

De-eamp',  v.  i.  To  depart 
from  a  camp  ;  to  march  oif. 

De-€ant'^  v.  t.  To  pour  out. 

De^-can-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
decanting.  [for  liquor. 

De-eant'er,  n.  A  glass  vessel 

De-€ap'i-tate,  r.  t.  To  be- 
head, [beheading. 

De-€ap^i-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 

De-eay',  n.  Gradual  fiiilure  ; 
decline.  —  v.  i.   To  decline. 

De-gease',  n.  Departure  from 
life;  death.  —  i.  To  de- 
part from  life  ;  to  die. 

De-geased'  (-seestO,  a-  De- 
parted from  life  ;  dead. 

De-geit',  n.  Device  intend- 
ed to  deceive.  —  Syn.  Du- 
plicity ;  artifice ;  fraud. 

De-geit'ful,  a.  Full  of  guile. 

De-geit'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  de- 
ceitful manner. 

De-geive',  v.  t.  To  lead  into 
error  ;  to  impose  upon. 

De-gem'ber,  n.  The  twelfth 
or  last  month  of  the  year. 

De'gen-gy,  n.  Fitness  ;  pro- 
priety ;  modesty. 

De-gen'ni-al,  a.  Continuing 
ten  years  ;  happening  every 
ten  years. 

De'gent,  a.  Suitable  or  be- 
coming ;  seemly  ;  fit.  [erly. 

De'gent-ly,  adv.  Fitly  ;  prop- 

De-gep'tion,  n.  Act  of  de- 
ceiving ;  cheat ;  fraud. 

De-gep'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
deceive  ;  deceitful ;  false. 

De-gide',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  deter- 
mine ;  to  finish  ;  to  settle. 

De-gid'ed,  a.  Determined  ; 
clear.  [termination. 

De-gld'ed-ly,  adv.  With  de- 

De-gld'u-ous,  a.  Falling  off 
every  season  ;  not  perennial. 

Deg'i-mal,  a.  Proceeding  by 
tens.  —  n.  A  fraction  or 
other  number  expressed  in 
the  scale  of  tens. 

Deg'i-mate,  v.  t.  To  take  one 
in  every  ton. 

Deg/i-ma'tion,  n.  The  taking 
of  every  tenth,  [to  unravel. 

De-gi'pher,  v.  t.  To  explain; 

De-gi§'ion  (-sizh^un),  n.  De- 
termination ;  firmness. 


De-gi'sive,  a.  Final ;  conclu- 
sive, [sively. 
e-gi'sive-ly,  adv.  Conclu- 
eck,  V.  t.  To  dress ;  to 
adorn  ;  to  set  off  or  embel- 
lish._ —  n.  Floor  of  a  ship. 
De-€laim'  (8),  r.  ?.   To  speak 

an  oration  ;  to  harangue. 
De-€laim'er,  n.  One  who  de. 
claims. 

De-e'la-ma'tion,  n.  A  set 
speech  or  harangue. 

De-elam'a-to-ry,  a.  In  the 
style  of  declamation. 

De€''la-ra'tion,  n.  Affirma- 
tion ;  assertion. 

De-elar'a-tive,  )  a.  Making 

De-€lar'a-to-ry,  j  declara- 
tion. 

De-€lare',  v.t.ovi.  To  make 

known  publicly  ;  to  affirm. 
De-clen'sion,  n.  Tendency 

to  fail ;  variation  of  nouns. 
De-elin'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

being  gmiTiuni^itically  varied. 
De€^li-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 

declining  ;  descent. 
De-elme',  V.  i.  To  bend  over; 

to  fail ;  to  decay.  —  v.  t.  To 

bend  downward  ;  to  shun  ; 

to  refuse ;  to  inflect.  —  n. 

Decay ;  diminution. 
De-€liv'i-ty,  n.  Inclination 

downward ;  gradual  descent. 
De-€6€t',  V.  t.    To  boil ;  to 

digest. 

De-€6€'tion,  n.  A  boiling  ; 
preparation  made  by  boil- 
ing. 

De-eoPor-a'tion,  n.  Removal 
or  absence  of  color. 

De/^om-poge',  v.  t.  To  re- 
solve into  original  elements. 

De-€6m/po-§i'tion  (-zlsh''- 
un),  n.  Resolution  or  sepa- 
ration into  parts. 

De^oom-pound',  v,  t.  To 
compound  a  second  time. 

Dee'o-rate,  V.  To  adorn; 
to  embellish  ;  to  ornament. 

De-e'o-ra'tion,  n.  Embellish- 
ment, [adorn. 

De€'o-ra-tive,  a.    Fitted  to 

De-eo'rous,  or  D6€'o-rous, 
a.  Becoming  ;  behaving 
with  decorum. 

De-€6'rous-ly,  or  DSe'o- 
rous-ly,  adv.  Becomingly. 


S,e,i,  6,  u,y,/ong';  5,  e,  t, 


5^,  short ;  cure, car,  ask,  jill,  wh^t ;  ere,  yell,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


DECORTICATE 


81 


DEFY 


De-€6r'ti-cate,  v.  t.  To  strip 
off  bark  ;  to  peel. 

De-«o'rum,  n.  Propriety  of 
speech  and  behavior. 

De-eoy',  v.  t.  To  allure  into 
a  snare  or  net.  —  n.  Allure- 
ment to  mischief ;  tempta- 
tion ;  snare. 

De-crease',  v.  t.  .To  make 
less.  — V.  i.  To  grow  less.  — 
n.  A  becoming  less  ;  decay. 

De-eree'  (8),  v.  t.  To  deter- 
mine ;  to  ordain.  —  n.  An 
edict ;  order. 

De€'re-inent,  n.  Decrease. 

De-erSp'it,  a.  Infirm  ;  wast- 
ed ;  worn  with  age. 

De-erep'i-tate.  v.  To  roast  so 
as  to  cause  crackling. 

De-cr6p'i-ta'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
roasting  with  a  crackling. 

De-er6p'i-tude,  n.  Broken 
state  of  the  body  by  age. 

De-cre'tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  decree.  —  n.  A  letter  of  the 
pope  ;  a  book  of  edicts. 

De-erPal  (13),  n.  A  crying 
down  ;  a  clamorous  censure. 

De-eri'er,  n.  One  who  decries. 

De-cry',  v.t.    To  cry  down. 

De-€um'bent,    a.  Lying 

De-e'u-ple,  a.  Tenfold,  [down. 

De-cu'ri-on,  n.  An  oflBicer 
over  ten  men. 

De-eus'sate,  r.  t.  To  cross 
at  an  acute  angle. 

Ded'i-<jate,  v.  t.  To  conse- 
crate ;  to  devote.  [tion. 

Ded^i-^a'tion,  n.  Consecra- 

Dgd'i-ca^or,  n.  One  who 
dedicates. 

Ded'i-ea-to-ry,  a.  Compris- 
ing a  dedication. 

De-duge',  v.t.  To  draw,  as 
an  inference  ;  to  infer. 

De-du'gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  inferred  or  deduced. 

De-du'give,   )  a.  Performing 

De-du€t'ive,  j  the  act  of 
deduction. 

De-du€t',  V.  t.  To  take  away. 

De-d€i€aion,  n.  An  abate- 
ment ;  that  which  is  de- 
ducted ;  an  inference. 

Deed,  n.  An  action ;  ex- 
ploit ;  a  sealed  writing  to 
convey  property.  —  v.t.  To 
transfer  by  deed. 


Deem,  v.  t.    To  think ;  to 

judge  ;  to  suppose. 
Deep,  a.    Far  to  the  bottom  ; 

profound  ;  artful ;  intricate. 

—  n.    The  sea  ;  an  abyss. 
Deep'en,  v.     To  make  or 

grow  more  deep.  [gree. 
Deep'ly,  adv.  To  a  low  de- 
Deer,  n.     An         J.  ^ 

animal  hunt-  ^ 

ed    for  veni- 

De-fage',  v.  t. 
To  disfigure  ;  j^^BL. 

De-fage'ment, 
(10),  n.  Injury  Deer, 
to  the  surface ;  rasure. 

De/fal-€a'tion,  n.  That  which 
is  cut  ojf ;  diminution. 

Def'a-ma'tion,  n.  Slander; 
calumny  ;  detraction,  [ous. 

De-fam'a-to-ry,  a.  Slander- 

De-fame',  v.  t.    To  slander. 

De-fault',  n.  Omission  ;  non- 
appearance in  court.  —  v.  t. 
To  call  in  court,  and  record 
for  not  appearing. 

De-fault'er,  n.  One  guilty  of 
default ;  a  peculator. 

De-fea'sange,  n.  Act  of  an- 
nulling. 

De-fea'§i-ble ,  a.  Capable  of 
being  annulled. 

De-feat',  n.  An  overthrow ; 
rout.  —  v.t.  To  overthrow ; 
to  rout ;  to  frustrate. 

Def'e-eate,  v.  t.    To  purify. 

Def''e-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  pu- 
rifying liquors. 

De-fe-et',  n.  AYant  or  de- 
ficiency ;  fault;  blemish. 

De-fe-e'tion,  n.  A  falling 
awaj' ;  apostasy. 

3>e-fe-et'ive,  a.  Full  of  de- 
fects; imperfect.  [defect. 

De-fe-et'ive-ly,  adv.  With 

De-fenge',n.  Protection  from 
injury.    See  Defense. 

De-fend',  v.  To  guard  from 
injury ;  to  protect. 

De-fend'ant,  n.  One  who 
makes  defense,  or  opposes  a 
complaint.  [fends. 

De-fend'er,  n.    One  who  de- 

De-fense' (27),7r.  Protection 
from  injury ;  vindication. 

De-fense'less,  a.  Unarmed. 


Dc-fen'sive,  a.  Serving  to 
defend.  —  n.  Safeguard  ; 
state  of  defense. 

De-fer',  v.  t.  To  put  off;  to 
delay  —v.i.  To  wait ;  to 
yield  out  of  respect. 

Def'er-enge,  n.  Respect  to 
another.  [deference. 

Def'er-6n'tial,  a.  Expressing 

De-fi'ange,  n.  Act  of  defy- 
ing ;  a  challenge  to  fight. 

De-fl'ant,  a.   Bold :  insolent. 

De-fi'cien-gy  (-fish/en-),  n. 
Defect ;  want ;  imperfection. 

De-fi'cient  (-fish/ent),  a. 
Wanting;  imperfect. 

D6f'i-git,  n.  Deficiency. 

De-fne'  or  De'file,  n.  A  nar- 
row passage  between  hills. 

De-file',  r.  t.  To  pollute.  — 
v.  i.  To  go  off  file  by  file. 

De-file'ment,  n.  Pollution. 

Dc-fin'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  defined. 

De-fine',  v.  t.  To  limit ;  to 
explain  ;  to  interpret. 

D6f'i-nite,  a.  Having  precise 
limits. 

Def'i-nite-ly  ,  adv.  With  cer- 
tain limitation. 

D6f^i-ni'tion  (-nish'un),  n. 
Explanation  in  words. 

De-fin'i-tive,  a.  Determi- 
nate ;  final  ;  conclusive.  — 
n.  That  which  ascertains  or 
defines.  [tively. 

De-fm'i-tive-ly,  adv.  Posi- 

Def 'la-grate,  v.  t.  To  burn 
suddenly. 

D6faa-gr'a'tion,  n.  A  rapid 
and  sparkhng  combustion. 

De-fle€t',  V.  i.  or  t.  To  turn 
aside.  [deviation. 

De-fle€'tion,  n.    A  turning: 

De-fiour',  v.  t.  To  ravish ;  to 
seduce.  [leaf. 

De-f  o^li-a'tion,  n.  Fall  of  the 

De-form',  v.  t.  To  mar  ;  to 
disfigure. 

De-formed',  a.  Ugly. 

De-form'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
beauty  or  symmetry. 

De-fraud',  v.  t.    To  cheat. 

De-fray',  v.  t.  To  bear  or  pay. 

De-fun€t',  a.  Deceased  ;  dead. 
—  n.  A  dead  person. 

De-fy',  V.  t.  To  dare  ;  to  chal- 
lenge ;  to  set  at  naught. . 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  tcTo,  to^ok  ;  Urn,  rye,  pi.ill ;  9,     soft ;     g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


DEGENERACY 


82 


DEMURRAGE 


De-g§n'er-a-Qy,  n.  Decline 
in  good  qualities ;  meanness. 

De-gen'er-ate,  a.  Having 
declined  in  worth  ;  base. 

De-gen'er-ate,  v.  i.  To  de- 
cline ;  to  deteriorate. 

De-g6n/er-a'tion,  n.  A  grow- 
ing worse ;  deterioration. 

Deg/lu-ti'tion  (-tlsh/un),  n. 
Act  or  power  of  swallowing. 

Deg'ra-da'tion,  n.  A  depriv- 
ing of  rank ;  degeneracy. 

De-grade',  v-  t.  To  deprive 
of  rank  or  title ;  to  lower. 

De-gree'(18),  n.  A  step  ;  ex- 
tent ;  360th  part  of  a  circle. 

De/i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  enrolling  among  deities. 

De'i-fy,  t*.  t-  To  exalt  to  the 
rank  of  deity. 

Deign  (dan),  v.  i.  To  con- 
descend. —  v.t.  To  grant. 

De'ipm,  n.  A  denial  of  reve- 
lation. 

De'ist,  n.  One  who  believes 
in  a  God,  but  not  in  revealed 
religion. 

De-ist'i-e,     \  a.  Pertaining 

De-ist'i€-al,  (    to  deism. 

De'i-ty,  n.   Divinity  ;  God. 

De-je€t',  V.  t.  To  cast  down; 
to  dispirit ;  to  discourage. 

De-je€t'ed,  a.    Cast  down. 

De-je€'tion,  n.  Melancholy. 

De-lay',  v.  t.  To  put  off;  to 
detain.  —  v.  i.  To  move 
slowly ;  to  linger.  —  n.  Hin- 
drance ;  detention ;  a  stay, 

De-16€t'a-ble,  a.  Delightful. 

D61'e-gate,  v.  i.  To  send  as 
representative ;  to  intrust. 

Del'e-gate,  n.  A  deputy ;  a 
representative. 

D6Pe-ga'tion,  n.  A  sending 
away  ;  persons  delegated. 

DePe-tS'ri-ous,  a.  Destruc- 
tive ;  highly  injurious. 

D61f,  n.  Earthen  ware  glazed. 

De-lib'er-ate,  tJ.  To  weigh  in 
the  mind ;  to  reflect  or  con- 
sider. 

De-lib'er-ate,  a.  Circum- 
spect ;  slow.  [ly. 

De-lib'er-ate-ly,  adv.  Slow- 

De-lib^er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
weighing  in  the  mind ;  slow- 
ness, [deliberate. 

De-lib'er-a-tive,  a.    Apt  to 


D61'i-ca-Qy,  n.  Refinement 
of  sensibility  or  taste ;  some- 
thing delicate.  —  SYN.  Fine- 
ness ;  nicety  ;  softness. 

Del'i-€ate,  a.  Nice  ;  pleasing 
to  the  taste  ;  effeminate. 

De-li'cious  (-ITsh/us),  a. 
Sweet  to  the  palate  or  other 
sense. 

De-light'  (-lit/-),  n.  Great  joy 
or  pleasure.  —  v.t.  To  give 
great  pleasure  to.  —  v.  i.  To 
have  or  take  great  pleasure. 

De-light'ed  (-liV-),  a.  Great- 
ly pleased.  [pleasant. 

De-light'ful  (-lit/-),  a.  Very 

De-Hn'e-ate,  v.  t.  To  draw 
the  outline  of ;  to  sketch. 

De-lin^e-a'tion,  n.  A  drawing 
in  outline.  [delineates. 

De-lin'e-a''tor,  n.    One  who 

De-lin'quen-gy  (-liiik^wen-), 
71.    Failure  of  duty  ;  fault. 

De-lin'quent,  a.  Failing  in 
duty.  —  n.  One  who  fails 
to  do  his  duty.  [air. 

D61^i-quesQe',  v.  i.  To  melt  in 

DePi-ques'genge,  n.  A  melt- 
ing in  the  air. 

DePi-ques'gent,  a.  Liquefy- 
ing in  the  air. 

De-lir'i-oiis,  a.  Wandering 
in  mind.  [ment. 

De-lir'i-um,    n.  Derange- 

De-liv'er,  v.  t.  To  free ;  to 
release ;  to  utter. 

De-liv'er-ange,  n.  Act  of 
freeing ;  rescue,  [delivers. 

De-liv'er-er,  n.     One  who 

De-liv'er-y,  n.  Release ;  sur- 
render ;  style  of  utterance. 

Dell,  n.    A  little  valley. 

De-lude',  v.  t.    To  deceive. 

DSl'uge,  n.  A  general  inun- 
dation ;  a  flood.  —  v.  t.  To 
overflow  ;  to  drown,  [ing. 

De-lii'§ion,  n.    Act  of  delud- 

De-lu'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
delude  ;  deceptive. 

D61ve,  v.t.  To  dig ;  to  pene- 
trate, [politician. 

Dgm'a-g6gue,  n.    An  artful 

De-main',  I  n.  A 

De-mesne'  (-menO, )  manor- 
house  and  land. 

De-mand',  v.  t.  To  claim  ; 
to  ask.  —  n.  A  claim  by 
right  ;  -a  question. 


De-mand'ant,  n.  The  plain- 
tiff. 

De'mar-ca'tion,  \  n.  Divis- 

De^mar-ka'tion, )  ion  of 
territory  ;  boundary. 

De-mean',  v.  t.   To  behave. 

De-mean'or,  n.  Manner  of 
behaving ;  deportment. 

De-ment'ed,  a.  Imbecile  in 
mind  ;  infatuated  ;  mad. 

De-mer'it,  n.   Ill  desert. 

Dem'i-g6d,  n.  A  deified  hero. 

Dem'i-j6hn,  n.  A  glass  bot- 
tle in  a  wicker  cover. 

De-mi§e',  n.  Death  of  a 
distinguished  personage.  ^ 
v.t.  To  bequeath  by  will. 

De-m6€'ra-gy,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  the  people. 

Dem'o-er&t,  n.  An  adherent 
to  democracy. 

Dem^o-ijrat'i^,  a.  Relating 
to  democracy  ;  republican , 

De-m61'ish,  v.  t.  To  destroy. 

D6m/o-li'tion  (-Hsh/un),  n. 
Destruction. 

De'mon,  n.    An  evil  spirit. 

De-mo'ni-a-c,     j  a.  Belong- 

Dem/o-m'ac-al, )  ing  to,  or 
influenced  by,  demons. 

De-m5'ni-a-e,  n.  One  pos- 
sessed by  an  evil  spirit. 

De''mon-61'o-gy,  n.  A  trea- 
tise on  evil  spirits. 

De-m6n'stra-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  fully  proved. 

D6m'on-strate,  or  De-m6n'- 
strate,  v.  t.  To  prove  fully. 
—  Syn.  To  evince  ;  mani- 
fest. 

Dgm'on-stra'tion,  n.  Proof 
to  a  certainty. 

De-m6n'stra-tive,  a.  Con- 
clusive. 

DSm'on-stra'tor,  n.  One  who 
demonstrates. 

De-m6r'al-i-za'tion,  n.  De- 
struction of  morals. 

De-m6r'al-ize,  v.  t.  To  de- 
stroy the  morals  or  the  dis- 
cipline of. 

De-miil'gent,  a.  Softening. 

De-mfir',  v.  i.  To  hesitate  ;  to 
have  scruples.  —  n.  Hesita- 
tion, [est. 

De-mure',  a.  Affectedly  mod- 

De-mur'ra^e,  n.  Payment 
for  the  detention  of  a  ship. 


a,e,T,6,  u,y,/ong';  5,S,T,5,u, 


,  y,  $hort ;  care,  car, ask,  a^.  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


DEMURRER 


83 


DERIVABLE 


De-mur'rer,  n.  One  who  de- 
murs ;  a  piause  in  '.aw. 

De-my',  n.  A  kind  of  small 
paper.  [a  beast. 

Den  (18),  n.  A  cave  ;  lodge  of 

Den-dr61'o-gy,  n.  Natural 
history  of  trees.  [diction. 

De-ni'al,  n.  Refusal ;  contra- 

De-ni'er,  n.  A  refuser. 

Den'i-zen,  n.  One  made  a 
citizen. 

De-n6m'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  give 
a  name  to ;  to  call ;  to  style. 

De-n6m''i-na'tion,  n.  A 
name  ;  title  ;  appellation. 

De-n6m'i-na-tive,  o.  Con- 
ferring a  name  or  title. 

De-ndri'l-na'tor,  n.  Lower 
number  in  vulgar  fractions. 

De-note',  v.  t.  To  indicate  ; 
to  signify  ;  to  mark. 

De-nounge',  v.  t.  To  accuse 
publicly  ;  to  threaten. 

De-nounge'ment,  n.  Act  of 
proclaiming  a  threat. 

D6nse,  a.  Having  its  parts 
closely  pressed  together.  — 
Syn.  Close  ;  compact ;  thick. 

D6n'si-ty,  n.  Compactness  ; 
closeness  of  parts. 

D6nt,  n.  A  small  hollow  ;  in- 
dentation.—  v.t.  To  make  a 
dent  in.  [teeth. 

Dent'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

Den-ti€'u-la^ted,  a.  Notch- 
ed so  as  to  resemble  little 
teeth. 

Den'ti-frige,  n.  Something  to 

cleanse  teeth. 
D6n'til,  n.  A  square  block  in 

cornices.  [the  teeth. 

D6n'tist,  n.  An  operator  on 
D6n'tist-ry,  n.  The  business 

of  a  dentist. 
Den-ti'tion  (-tish/un),n.  The 

process  of  cutting  the  teeth. 
D6n''u-da'tion,  n.  A  making 

bare. 

De-nude',  v.  t.  To  lay  bare. 
De-nun/ci-a'tion  (-shi-a^-),  n. 

Declaration  of  a  threat. 
De-nun'ci-a^tor  ( -nttn/sh  i- ) , 

n.   One  who  threatens. 
De-nun'gi-a-to-ry  {-nttn^- 

shi-),  a.  Containing  a  threat. 
De-ny',  v.t.    To  contradict  ; 

to  refuse  ;  to  withhold. 
De'o-dand,  n.  Something 


forfeited  to  the  state  for 
pious  uses.     [ence  of  duty. 

De^on-t61'o-g:y,  n.    The  sci- 

De-part',  v.  i.  To  go  away  ; 
to  forsake  ;  to  die. 

De-part'ment,  n.  A  distinct 
part,  office,  or  division. 

De-part 'ure,  n.  A  going 
away  ;  decease  ;  death. 

De-pend',  v.  i.  To  hang  ;  to 
rely  ;  to  adhere. 

De-p6nd'enge,    )  n.  Reli- 

De-p6nd'en-gy,  j  ance  ; 
trust ;  subordination. 

De-pSnd'ent,  a.  Relying  ; 
subordinate.  —  n.  One  sub- 
ordinate to  another. 

De-pi-ct',  V.  t.  To  paint ;  to 
portray. 

De-pi-et'ure,  v.t.  To  paint. 

De-pil'a-to-ry,  a.  Taking  off 
the  hair. 

De-ple'tion,  n.  Blood-letting. 

De-pl6r'a-ble,a.  Lamentable. 

De-pl6re',  v.  t.  To  lament. 

De-ploy',  V.  t.  To  display  ; 
to  open  or  extend. 

Dgp^Iu-ma'tion,  n.  A  strip- 
ping off  plumes,  [feathers. 

De-plume',  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 

De-po'nent,  n.  One  who 
gives  written  testimony  on 
oath . 

De-p6p'u-late,  v.  t.   To  de- 
prive of  inhabitants. 
De-p6p'u-la'tion,  n.   Act  of 

depopulating. 
De-port',  v.t.  To  behave  ;  to 

carry  ;  to  conduct. 
De^por-ta'tion,  n.  A  carrying 

away  ;  exile.  [behaving. 
De -port 'men t,  n.  Manner  of 
De-pos'al,  n.  Act  of  deposing. 
De-pose',  v.  t.    To  dethrone. 

—  v.l.  To  testify  under  oath. 
De-pds'it,  v.t.    To  lodge  or 

place ;   to  lay  aside.  —  n. 

That  which  is  laid  up  or 

aside  ;  any  thing  intrusted. 
De-p6§'i-ta-ry,  n.    One  with 

whom  something  is  left  in 

trust. 

D6p/o-§i'tion   (-zTsh/un),  a. 
Act  of  dethroning  or  degrad- 
ing ;  an  affidavit,  [deposits. 
De-p6s'i-tor,  n.     One  who 
De-p6s'i-to-ry,  n.  A  place  for 
depositing. 


De-pot'  (dc-po'  or  de^po),  n, 
riace  of  deposit ;  railway 
station. 

Dep'ra-va'tion,  n.    Act  of 
making  worse.     [to  vitiate. 
De-prave',  v.  t.  To  corrupt  ; 
De-prav'i-ty,  n.  Corruption 

of  morals. 
D6p're-cate,  v.  t.   To  pray 

for  deliverance  from. 
Dep/re-€a'tion,  n.    Act  of 
deprecating,    [to  deprecate. 
Dep're-€a-to-ry,  a.  Serving 
De-pre'ci-ate  (-pre^sh!-),  v.  i. 
To  decline  in  value.  — v.  t. 
To  lower  the  price  of ;  to 
undervalue. 
De-pre^ci-a'tion  (-prG/shT-), 

n.  Act  of  depreciating. 
D6p're-date,  v.  t.  To  rob  ;  to 
plunder.  [bing. 
Dep^re-da'tion,  n.    A  rob- 
De-press',  v.  t.    To  sink ;  to 

humble  ;  to  cast  down. 
De-pr6s'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 

Dejection  ;  low  state. 
De-pr6s'sive,  a.    Tending  to 

depress. 
Dep^ri-va'tion,  n.    Act  of 
depriving  ;   loss  ;  bereave- 
ment, [to  bereave. 
De-prlve',  v.  t.  To  take  from  ; 
D^pth,  n.  Deepness  ;  profun- 
dity ;  a  deep  place. 
Dep^u-ta'tion.  n.  Act  of  de- 
puting ;  persons  deputed. 
De-pute',  V.  t.  To  appoint  as 

substitute. 
Dep'u-ty,  n.    One  appointed 

to  act  for  another. 
De-range',  v.  t.  To  put  out 
of  order  ;  to  confuse,  [sane. 
De-ranged',  a.  Delirious  ;  in 
De-range'ment{10),7i.  State 

of  disorder;  insanity. 
Der'e-li€t,  n.   A  thing  aban- 
doned.—  a.  Abandoned. 
Der''e-li-e'tion,  n.    A  forsak- 
ing; abandonment 
De-ride',  v.  t.    To  laugh  at 
in  scorn. — SYN.    To  ridi- 
cule ;  mock ;  taunt. 
De-ris'ion  (-rlzh-'un),  n.  A 

laughing  at  in  contempt. 
De-ri'sive,   I  a.  Mocking 
De-ri'so-ry, )  ridiculing. 
De-riv'a-ble,  a.   Capable  of 
being  derived. 


B6n,  6r,  dg,  wglf,  tero,  tdbk ;  tlm,  r«e,  pyll ;  p,     soft;  e,  g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng ;  this. 


DERIVATION 


84 


DETESTATION 


Derrick. 


DSr'i-va'tion,  n.  Deduction 
from  a  source. 

De-riv'a-tive,  a.  Derived.  — 
n.  A  word  or  thing  derived. 

De-rive',  v.  t.  To  deduce  ;  to 
draw.  [to  detract. 

Der'o-gate,  v.  To  take  away  ; 

Der^o-ga'tion,  n.  A  detract- 
ing. 

De-rog'a-to-ry,  a. 

DSr'rick,  n.  A  ma- 
chine for  raising 
heavy  weights. 

Der'vis  (18),  n.  A 
Turkisk  monk. 

Des-€ant',  v.  i.  To 
sing  ;  to  comment 
at  large. 

Des'-eant,  n.  A  song  in  parts. 

De-sgend',  v.  To  go  or  come 
down.  [an  ancestor. 

De-sgend'ant,n.  Offspring  of 

De-sgent',  n.  Progress  down- 
ward. 

De-s-eribe',  v.  t.  To  represent 
by  words  or  other  signs. 

De-S€ri'er,  n.  One  who  de- 
scries, [scribing. 

De-s-erip'tion,  n.   Act  of  de- 

De-s-erip'tive,  a.  Containing 
description. 

De-s-ery',  v.  t.  To  discover. 

Des'e-erate,  v.  t.  To  pervert 
from  a  sacred  purpose. 

Des^e-cra'tion,  n.  A  divert- 
ing from  a  sacred  purpose. 

De-§ert',  n.  Merit ;  reward. 
—  V.  t.  To  abandon.  —  v.  i. 
To  run  away. 

Peg'ert,  a.  Solitary.  —  n.  A 
wilderness ;  solitude. 

De-§ert'er,  n.  One  who  for- 
sakes his  colors,  &c. 

De-§er'tion,  n.  Act  of  desert- 

^"^* 

De-§erve',  v.  t.  To  merit. 
De-§erved',  a.  Merited. 
De-§erv'ing,  a.  Meritorious. 
Bes'ha-bille',  n.  An  undress. 
D6s'i-e-eate,  or  De-si€'-cate, 

V.  t.  or  ?.  To  dry  up. 
Des^i€-ea'tion,  n.  Process  of 

making  dry. 
De-sid'er-ate,  v.  t.   To  feel 

the  want  of ;  to  desire. 
De-sid^e-ra'tum,  n.  {pi.  De- 

sid^e-ra'ta,  25.)    A  thipg 

desired. 


De-sTgn'  (-sin/  or  -zmO,  v.  t. 

To  intend  ;   to  plan  ;  to 

sketch.  —  n.    A  purpose  ; 

intention  ;  plan  ;  sketch. 
Des'ig-nate,  v.  t.  To  point 

out. 

Des^ig-na'tion,  n.   Act  of 

pointing  or  marking  out. 
De-sign'er  (-sln^-  or  -zin'-),  n. 

One  who  designs.  [sire. 
De-sir'a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of  de- 
De-§Tre',  n.  A  wish  to  obtain. 

—  V.  t.  To  wish  for  ;  to  ask. 
De-sir'ous  (11),  a.    Full  of 

desire ;  eager 


Des'ti-na'tion,  n.  Place  to  be 
reached  ;  end.  [appoint. 

Des'tme,  v.  t.    To  doom  ;  to 

Des'ti-ny,  n.  State  or  condi- 
tion predetermined  ;  fate. 

Des'ti-tute,  a.  In  utter  want ; 
poor. 

Des'ti-tu'tion,  n.  Utter  want. 

De-stroy'  (8),  t.  To  de- 
molish ;  to  ruin ;  to  lay 
waste. 

De-stru<;'ti-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
destruction.  [olition. 
De-stru-e'tion,  n.  Ruin ;  dem- 
De-stru-e'tive,  a.  Ruinous. 


De-sist',  v.i.    To  cease;       'iWillfwiu  I  iwit  ( -we- ) ,  w .  Disuse 
stop ;  to  forbear.  ^Des'ul-to-ry,    a.  Without 


Desk  (18),  n.  An  inclined 
table  ;_  a  pulpit. 

Des'o-late,!'.  t.  To  lay  waste. 

Des'o-latc,  a.    Laid  waste. 

Des^o-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  lay- 
ing waste  ;  ruin. 

De-spair',  n.  Utter  loss  of 
hope.  —  V.  I.  To  abandon 
hope. 

De-sp3,tch',  t».  See  Dispatr.h. 
Des^per-a'do  {pL  Des^per-a'- 

d6e§),  n.  A  desperate  man ; 

a  madman.  [hope. 
Des'per-ate,  a.  Without 
Des^per-a'tion,  n.  Hopeless- 
ness, [ble. 
Des'pi-ea-ble,a.  Contempti- 
De-spise',  t- .  t.  To  contemn  ; 

to  scorn  ;  to  disdain,  [nity. 
De-spite',  n.  Malice  ;  malig- 
De-spoil',  V.  t.    To  spoil ;  to 

rob  ;  to  strip. 
De-spo/li-a'tion,  n.   Act  of 

despoiling. 
De-spoiFer,  n.  A  plunderer. 
De-sp6nd',  v.  i.  To  lose  hope. 
De-sp6nd'en-gy,  r?.  Loss  of 

hope ;  discouragement. 
De-sp6nd'ent,  a.  Despairing. 
Des'pot,  n.      An  absolute 

prince. 

Des-p6t'ic,  a.  Absolute  in 
power  ;  tyrannical  ;  arbi- 
trary, [power. 

D6s'pot-i§m,  n.  Absolute 

Des^pu-ma'tion,  n.  Foam; 
scum ;  frothiness. 

Des^qua-ma'tion,  n.  A  scal- 
ing or  exfoliation  of  bone. 

De§-§ert',  n.  Service  of  fruit, 
&c.,  at  the  close  of  a  meal. 


method  ;  unconnected. 
De-tach',  v.  t.    To  separate ; 

to  disunite  ;  to  send  off. 
De-tach'ment,  n.    A  party 
sent  from  the  main  army, 
&c. 

De'tail,  or  De-tail',  n.  A 
minute  account  or  portion. 

De-tail',  v.  t.  To  narrate  ;  to 
particularize  ;  to  select. 

De-tain',  v.  t.  To  withhold  ; 
to  restrain  from  departure. 

De-te-et',  v.  t.  To  bring  to 
light ;  to  discover. 

De-te€'tion,  n.  Discovery. 

De-te€'tive,  n.  A  policeman 
employed  to  detect. 

De-ten'tion,  n.  Act  of  de- 
taining, [hinder- 

De-ter',  v.  t.  To  prevent ;  to 

De-ter'gent,  a.  Cleansing. 

De-te'ri-o-rate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  worse. 

De-te^ri-o-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
becoming  worse. 

De-ter'min-a-ble,a.  Capable 
of  being  determined. 

De-ter'min-ate,  a.  Fixed  *, 
definite ;  conclusive. 

De-ter/mi-na'tion,  n.  Ter- 
mination ;  resolution  taken. 

De-ter'mine,  v.  t.  To  end ;  to 
decide ;  to  resolve. 

De-ter'mined,  a.  Resolute. 

De-ter'sive,  a.  Able  to 
cleanse. 

De-test',  V.  t.  To  hate  ex- 
tremely. —  Syn.  To  abhor ; 
loathe ;  abominate.  [ful. 

De-t6st'a-ble,  a.    Very  hate- 

DeVes-ta'tion,   or  De''tes> 


5,  e, T, 5,  u,  y ,  long ;  5,  e,  i,  o,  u,  y ,  short;  care, car,  &8k,  all,  wh^t ;  gre,  vfiil,  tSrm ;  pique,  ftrm ; 


DETHRONE 


85 


DICTATORIAL 


taction,  n.  Extreme  hatred  ; 
abhorrence. 

De-thr5ne',  v.  t.  To  divest 
of  royalty  ;  to  depose. 

De-throne'ment,  n.  Act  of 
dethroning. 

Det'i-nue,  n.  A  writ  to  re- 
cover goods  detained. 

Det'o-nate,  1  v.  t.  or  i.  To 

D6t'o-nize,  )  explode. 

Det'o-na'tion,  n.  Explosion. 

Pe-tort',  V.  t.  To  twist ;  to 
wrest ;  to  turn. 

De-tor'tion,  n.  A  perversion 
or  wresting. 

De-trS,€t',  V.  i.  To  depreciate 
worth.  — V.  t.    To  slander. 

De-tr3,£'tion,  n.  Defamation. 

De-tra€t'or,  n.  One  who  de- 
tracts or  slanders. 

Det'ri-ment,  n.  Loss  ;  dam- 
age ;  injury.  [loss. 

DeVri-ment'al,  a.  Causing 

De-tri'tion  (-trish/un),  n.  A 
wearing  off  or  away. 

De-trun'€ate,  t^.  t.  Tolopoff. 

De-tru'§ion,  n.  Act  of  thrust- 
ing down.  [the  devil. 

Deuge,  n.  Card  of  two  spots  ; 

D6v'as-tate,  or  De-vas'tate, 
v.t.  To  lay  waste  ;  to  ravage. 

DSVas-ta'tion,  n.  A  laying 
waste ;  havoc. 

De-v61'op,  V.  t.  To  unfold  ; 
to  lay  open  to  view. 

Pe-vel'op-ment,  n.  An  un- 
folding ;  disclosure. 

De'vi-ate,  v.  i.  To  wander  ; 
to  go  astray. 

De'vi-a'tion,  n.  A  departure 
from  rule ;  an  error. 

De-vige'  (18),  w.  Scheme ; 
contrivance.  [one. 

Dev'il  (dev/1),  n.   The  evil 

D6v'^l-ish,  a.  Diabolical. 

Dev'il-try,  n.  Diabolical  or 
mischievous  conduct. 

De'vi-ous,  a.  Going  or  lead- 
ing astray;  erring. 

De-vi§'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  devised. 

De-vi§e',  V.  t.  To  contrive  ; 
to  bequeath.  — v.  i.  To  lay 
apian. —  M.    A  will. 

Dev^ig-ee',  n.  One  to  whom  a 
thing  is  bequeathed. 

Be-vis'or,  n.  One  who  be- 
queaths or  wills. 


De-void',  a.  Not  possessing ; 
void  ;  empty  ;  destitute. 

Devoir  (dev-wor^),  n.  Duty  ; 
act  of  civility. 

De-v61ve',  t*.  To  roll  down  ; 
to  transfer  or  be  transferred. 

De-v6te',  f.  t.  To  dedicate; 
to  appropriate  by  vow. 

De-vot'ed,  a.  Zealous ;  at- 
tached. 

De-vot'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  devoted.        [a  bigot. 

Dev'o-tee',  «.   One  devoted; 

De-vo'tion,  n.  Consecration ; 
affection;  piety. 

De-vo'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  devotion. 

©e-vour',  V.  t.  To  eat  up 
ravenousl}'. 

De-vout',  a.  Pious;  relig- 
ious. 

De-vout'ly,  adv.  Piously. 

Dew  (du),  n.  Moisture  de- 
posited at  night. 

Dew'lap,  n.  The  flesh  hang- 
ing from  an  ox's  throat. 

©ew'y,  a.    Moij^t  with  dew. 

Dex'ter,  )  a.    Right,  as  op- 

Dex'tral,  j     posed  to  left. 

Dex-ter'i-ty,  n.  Activity  and 
expertness. — Syn.  Adroit- 
ness ;  skill ;  cleverness. 

Dex'ter-ous,  a.  Expert  in 
manual  acts ;  skillful. 

Dex'ter-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
skill. 

DPa-be'tes,  n.  A  disease  at- 
tended \y  excessive  dis- 
charge of  urine. 

DFa-b61'i€-al,  a.  Devilish. 

Di'a-erit'io-al,  a.  Serving  to 
discriminate. 

Di'a-dem,n.  A  kingly  crown. 

DT-aer'e-sis,  \  n.  {pi.  t)T-8er'e- 

Di-er^e-sis,  )  se§orDi-er'- 
e-se§. )  A  mark  [  "  ]  over  the 
second  of  two  vowels,  to 
show  that  they  are  to  be  pro- 
nounced separately. 

Di-^g'o-nal,  a.  Pass- 
ing from  one  angle  to 
another  not  adjacent. 
—  n.  A  diagonal  line. 

DT-S,g'o-nal-ly,  adv.  

In  a  diagonal  direc-  Diag-- 
tion.  oJiai. 

DPa-gr&m,  n.  A  mathemat- 
ical drawing. 


Di'al,  n.  A  plate  to  show  tha 
hour  by  the  sun.  [speech. 

Di'a-le-ct,  n.  A  local  form  of 

©Pa-le-e'ti-c-al,  a.  Pertain* 
ing  to  a  dialect ;  logical. 

Pi'a-le€-ti'cian  (-tish/au),  n. 
A  logician. 

DPa-16-c'ti-es,  w.sms-.  Logic. 

Bi'al-ing,  n.  Science  of  mak- 
ing dials.  [dialogue. 

Bi-S-Po-gist,  n.  A  speaker  in  a 

Bi'a-logue,  n.  Discourse  be- 
tween two  or  more. 

Bi-am'e-ter,  n.  A 
right  line  passing  / 
through  the  cen- 
ter of  a  circle. 

l>Pa-met'ric-al,  a. 
Relating  to,  or  dc- 
scribing,  a  diameter ;  direct. 

®i'a-mond  (or  dl'-  a 
mund),    n.     The  /\ 
most  precious   of  /  \ 
gems  ;  a  geometrical  N.  / 
figure,  thus: —         \  / 

DPa-pa'§on,  n.    An  }{ 
octave   in    music ; 
harmony  ;  an  organ  * 
stop. 

Di'a-per,  n.    Figured  linen. 

DT-5,ph'a-nous,  a.  Transpar- 
ent, [ing  perspiration. 

DFa-pho-ret'i€,  a.  lucreas- 

Di'a-phragm  (-fi-SLm),  n. 
Muscle  separating  the  chest 
from  the  bowels. 

DPar-rhe'a,  )  n.  Unusual 

Dl'ar-rhoe'a, )  evacuation  of 
the  intestines. 

Di'a-ry  (19),  n.  Account  of 
daily  transactions. 

DT^a-tdn'i^;,  a.  Ascending  or 
descending,  as  in  sound. 

Di'a-tribe,  n.  A  continued 
discourse  ;  an  invective. 

Dib'ble,  n.    A  tool  for  plant- 

Dige,  n.,  pi.  of  Die.  [ing. 

Dick'y,  n.  A  fixlse  shirt-col- 
lar or  shirt-bosom. 

Di€'tate,  v.  t.  To  tell  for  an- 
other to  write ;  to  suggest. 
—  n.  Order  ;  suggestion  ; 
hint.        [tating ;  an  order. 

Di-e-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of  dic- 

Di€-ta'tor,  n.  One  invested 
with  absolute  power. 

Di^'ta-td'ri-al,  a.  Unlimited 
in  power. 


son,  or,  do,  wglf,  tvTo,  tobk  ;  drn,  rye,  pull ;  ^,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


DICTATORSHIP 


86 


DIRECT 


Di<j-ta'tor-ship,  n.  Office  of 
a  dictator.  [pression. 

Di-e'tion,  n.    Manner  of  ex- 

Di-e'tion-a-ry,  n.  A  book  in 
which  words  are  explained. 

Di-e'tum,  n.  (pt.  Di€'ta,  25.) 
An  authoritative  word  or 

Did,  imp.  of  Do.  [assertion. 

Di-da-e'ti-e,  a.  Fitted  or  in- 
tended to  instruct. 

Die,  V.  i.  To  lose  life  ;  to  ex- 
pire.—  n.  {pi.  Dige).  A 
small  cuJoe.  —  n.  {pi.  Dies). 
A  stamp. 

Di-er'e-sis,  n.  See  Di  cere  sis. 

Di'et,  n.  Food  ;  an  assembly 
of  princes  or  estates. — v. 
To  feed  or  eat  sparingly. 

Di'e-ta-ry,  I  a.  Pertaining 

DPe-tefi-e,  j    to  diet. 

DPe-tet'ics,  n.  sing.  The 
science  that  relates  to  food. 

Differ,  V.  i.  To  he  unlike; 
to  disagree.  [ment. 

Dif'fer-enge,  n.  Disagree- 

Dif'fer-ent,  a.  Unlike. 

Dif/fer-en'tial,  a.  Creating  a 
difference ;  meant  to  produce 
or  show  difference.  [done. 

Dif'fi-eult,  a.    Hard  to  be 

Dif'fi-eul-ty,  n.  Hardness 
to  be  done ;  impediment ;  dis- 
tress,        [fidence  ;  doubt. 

Dif'fi-denge,  n.  Want  of  con- 

Dif'fi-dent,  a.  Distrustful; 
bashful. 

Dif-fiige',  v.  t.  To  pour  out ; 
to  spread.  [spread. 

Dif-fuse',a.  Copious  ;  widely 

Dif-fuse'ly,  adv.  Widely ; 
copiously.  [dispersion. 

Dif-fu'§ion,  n.  A  spreading ; 

Dif-fu'sive  a.  Spreading 
widely ;  scattered. 

Dig  (7),  r.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  & 
p.  p.  DIGGED,  DUG.]  To 
turn  up  with  a  spade. 

Di'gest,  n.  A  collection  of 
laws  ;  an  abridgment. 

Di-gest',  V.  t.  To  dissolve  in 
the  stomach. 

Di-ggst'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  digested. 

Di-ges'tion,  n.  The  process 
of  digesting.  [gestion. 

Di-gest'ive,  «.    Causing  di- 

Dig'it  (18),  n.  One  of  the 
ten  figures  0,  1,2,  &c.,by 


which  all  numbers  are  ex- 
pressed ;  12th  part  of  the 
diameter  of  the  sun  or 
moon ;  a  finger. 

Dig'it-al,  a.  Relating  to  a 
digit.  [alted. 

Dig'ni-fied,  a.    Noble;  ex- 

Dig'ni-fy,  v.  t.  To  exalt ;  to 
advance. 

Dig'ni-ta-ry,  n.  A  person 
of  rank. 

Dig'ni-ty,  n.  Elevation  of 
rank  ;  nobleness. 

Digraph,  n.  Two  letters  with 
the  sound  of  one  only. 

Di-gress',  t.  To  turn  from 
the  main  subject;  to  wan- 
der. 

Di-gres'sion,  n.  A  deviation. 
Dike,  n.  A  ditch  ;  a  bank  or 

mound  of  earth. 
DMap'i-date,  v.  t.    To  pull 

down.  — V.  i.  To  go  to  ruin. 
Di-lap^i-da'tion,  n.    Decay  ; 

waste.  [lating. 
DiFa-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  di- 
Di-late',  or  Di-late',  v.  t.  or 

i.  To  expand  ;  to  enlarge. 
Di-la'tion,  or  Di-la'tion,  n. 

Act  of  dilating ;  expansion. 
Dil'a-to-ry,  a.  Late  ;  tardy. 
Di-lem'ma,  or  Di-16m'ma 

(18),  n.    A  perplexing  state 

or  alternative. 
Dil'i-genQe,  n.    Steady  ap- 
plication to  business. 
Dil'i-gent,  a.    Constant  in 

application  to  business. 
Dil'i-gent-ly,    ndv.  With 

steady  application. 
Di-lute',  V.  t.    To  make  more 

thin.  —  a.  Thin  ;  diluted. 
DMu'tion,  n.  Act  of  diluting ; 

a  weak  liquid. 
Di-lii'vi-al,  I  a.  Relating  to, 
Di-lu'vi-an,  j    or  caused  by, 

a  flood. 

Di-lu'vi-um,  n.  A  deposit  of 
earth,   &c.,   caused  by  a 
'  flood. 

Dim,  a.  Not  clear  ;  obscure. 
—  V.  t.  To  darken  ;  to  ob- 
scure, [cents'  value. 

Dime,  n.   A  silver  coin  of  ten 

Di-msn'sion,  n.   Bulk  ;  size. 

Di-min'ish,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  less. —  S  YN. 
To  lessen ;  decrease  ;  abate. 


Dim/i-nu'tion,  n.  A  making 
or  growing  smaller,  [small. 

Di-min'u-tive,  a.     Little  ; 

Dim'is-so-ry,  a.  Dismissing 
to  another  ecclesiastical  ju- 
risdiction,      [cotton  cloth. 

Dim'i-ty,  n.  A  kind  of  ribbed 

Dim'ness,  n.  Dullness ; 
gloom.  [in  the  cheek. 

Dim'ple,  n.    A  httle  hollow 

Din,  n.  Loud  noise  ;  clamor. 

Dine,  V.  i.    To  eat  dinner. 

Din'^i-ness,  n.  A  dusky  hue. 

Din'gle,  n.  A  hollow  between 
hills  ;  a  dale.  [foul. 

Din'gy,  a.     Dusky  ;  soiled  ; 

Din'ner,  n.  The  chief  meal 
of  the  day. 

Dint,  n.  Mark  of  a  blow ; 
power  ;  means.  —  v.  t.  To 
mark  by  a  blow. 

Di-6Q'e-san,  or  Di'o-Qe''san, 
a.  Pertaining  to  a  diocese. 

Di'o-gese,  n.  The  jurisdic- 
tion of  a  bishop. 

DPo-ra'ma,  or  Di-o-ra'ma 
(18),  n.  An  ingenious  op- 
tical contrivance. 

Dip  (7),  V.  i.  To  plunge;  to 
immerse.  —  v.  i.  To  im- 
merse one's  self ;  to  thrust 
in  and  partake.  —  n.  In- 
clination downward. 

Diph-the'ri-a  (dif-  or  dip-), 
n.  A  very  dangerous  dis- 
ease of  the  throat. 

Diph'thong  (dlf^-  ordlp^-),  n. 
A  uuion  of  two  vowels  in 
one  sound  or  syllable. 

Diph-thon'gal  (dIf-  or  dip-), 
a.  Con~sisting  of  a  diph- 
thong. 

Di-plo'ma  (18),  n.  A  writing 
conferring  some  privilege, 
honor,  &c. 

Di-plo'ma-Qy,  n.  Conduct 
of  negotiations  between  na- 
tions, [to  diplomacy 

Dip/lo-niat'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 

Di-pl5'ma-tist,  I  n.  One 

Dip'lo-mate,  j  skilled  in 
diplomacy. 

Dip'per,  n.  One  who  dips  ; 
a  vessel  for  dipping. 

Dire,  a.    Dreadful ;  dismal. 

Di-re€t',  a.  Straight ;  right  ; 
express.  — v.  t.  To  aim  ;  to 
direct ;  to  order  ;  to  regulate. 


5,  6,1,  o,  u,y,;ong-/        1,  6,ti 


,     short ;  care,  car,  ask,  gll,  wh^t ;  ere,  T^il,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


DIRECTION 


87 


DISCOURTEOUS 


Di-r§€'tion,  n.    Aim  ;  order. 

Di-re€t'ly,  adv.  Immediately. 

Di-re€t'ness,  n.  Straight- 
ness  ;  tendency  to  a  point. 

Di-re€t'or,  n.  One  who  di- 
rects ;  a  superintendent. 

Di-re€t'o-ry,  n.  Book  of  di- 
rections ;  a  guide-book. 

Dire'ful,  a.  Dreadful ;  dire. 

Dirge  (18), n.  A  funeral  song. 

Dirk,  n.    A  kind  of  dagger. 

Dirt,  n.  Earth  ;  any  foul 
matter  ;  mud  ;  mire.  —  v.  t. 
To  make  dirty. 

Dirt'y,  a.  Foul  with  dirt.  —  v. 
t.    To  make  foul;  to  dirt. 

Dis^a-bil'i-ty,  n.  "Want  of 
power  or  qualifications. 

Dis-a'ble,  v.  t.  To  deprive 
of  power  ;  to  disqualify . 

Dis-'a-buge',  v.  t.  To  unde- 
ceive. 

Dis^ad-van'ta^e,  n.  Loss ; 
unfavorable  state. 

Dis-S-d^van-ta'geous,  a.  Un- 
favorable to  success ;  inju- 
rious, [less  friendly. 

Dis/af-f6€t',  V.  t.    To  mak<i 

Dis/af-f6-et'ed,  «.  Filled  with 
discontent  and  unfriendli- 
ness. 

Dis^af-fe^'tion,  n.  Want  of 
affection  ;  alienation. 

Dis^a-gree',  v.  i.  To  differ 
in  opinion  ;  to  quarrel ;  not 
to  be  the  same. 

Dis^a-gree'a-ble,  a.  Un- 
pleasant, [pleasantly. 

Dis^a-gree'a-bly,  adv.  Un- 

Dis^a-gree'ment,  w.  Differ- 
ence. 

Dis^al-low',  V.  t.  To  refuse 
to  allow. 

Dis^al-low'ange,  n.  Disap- 
probation ;  prohibition. 

Dis-'an-nul'.    See  Annul. 

Dis^ap-pear',  v.  i.  To  vanish 
from  sight. 

Dis^ap-pear'ange,  n.  Act  of 
disappearing;  a  vanishing. 

Dis^ap-point',  ^'.  t.  To  defeat 
of  expectation  or  hope. 
1  Dis^ap-point'ment,  n.  Defeat 
of  hopes  or  expectation. 

Dis-ap/pro-ba'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
approval ;  dislike. 

Dis^ap-prpv'al  (11),  n.  Dis- 
approbation; dislike. 


Dis^ap-prpve',  v.  t.  To  cen- 
sure ;  to  refuse  to  approve. 

Dis-arm',  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 
arms. 

Dis^ar-range',  v.  t.  To  put 
out  of  order. 

Dis''ar-range'ment,  n.  Act 
of  disturbing  order. 

Dis^ar-ray',  v.  t.  To  undress. 
—  n.  Want  of  order;  un- 
dress. 

Di§-as'ter,  n.  Unfortunate 
event ;  mishap  ;  calamity. 

Di§-as'trous,  a.  Unlucky; 
calamitous  ;  afflictive. 

Dis-'a-vow',  V.  t.  To  disown  ; 
to  deny  knowledge  of. 

Dis'a-vow'al,  n.    A  denial. 

Dis-band',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  dis- 
miss from  military  service. 

Dis^be-lief ,  n.  Want  or  re- 
fusal of  belief.  [credit. 

Dis^be-lieve',  v.  t.    To  dis- 

Dis'be-liev'er,  n.  An  infidel. 

Dis-bur'den  (-bQr^dn),  v.  t. 
To  ease  of  a  burden. 

Dis -burse',  v.  t.  To  expend  ; 
to  pay  out  ;  to  spend. 

Dis-burse'ment,  n.  Act  of 
disbursing  ;  sum  spent. 

Dis-e.    See  Dish. 

Dis-<jard',  v.  t.    To  dismiss. 

Di§-cern'  (diz-zSrnO,  f-  To 
see  ;  to  perceive  ;  to  judge. 

Dig-cern'i-ble  (diz-zCrn^-),  a. 
Capable  of  being  discerned. 

Di§-cern'ing,  a.  Judicious. 

Di§-cern'ment,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
cerning. —  Syn.  Penetra- 
tion ;  discrimination. 

Dis-charge',  v.  t.  To  dis- 
miss ;  to  unload ;  to  fire.  — 
V.  i.  To  throw  off  a  charge 
or  burden.  — n.  An  unload- 
ing; explosion. 

Dis-Qi'ple  (18),  n.  A  learner  ; 
a  scholar  or  follower. 

Dis-Qi''ple-ship,  n.  State  of  a 
disciple. 

Dis-'gi-plin-a'ri-an,  n.  One 
who  keeps  good  discipline. 

Dis'Qi-plin-a-ry,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  intended  for,  disci- 
pline. 

D  IS  'gi-plme ,  n .  Education 
and  government ;  order  ; 
rule. — V.  t.  Toinstruct  and 
govern  ;  to  regulate. 


Dis-claim',  v.  t.  To  disown ; 
to  renounce.        [to  reveal. 

Dis-€l6§e%  V.  t.  To  uncover; 

Dis-elo§'ure,  n.  A  revealing ; 
that  which  is  disclosed. 

Dis-eol'or  (-kriFur),  v.  t.  To 
alter  the  color  of.  [of  color. 

Dis-«6Por-a'tion,  n.  Change 

Dis-eom'fit,  v.  t.  To  cause 
to  flee  ;  to  rout ;  to  defeat. 

Dis-c6m'fit-ure,  n.  Defeat. 

Dis-eom'fort,  n.  Uneasiness; 
disquiet.  [commode. 

Dis^€om-m6de',  v.  t.    To  in 

Dis^-com-poge',  v.  t.  To 
ruffle  ;  to  disturb  the  temper 
of.        [order;  disturbance. 

Dis^«om-po§'ure,  n.  Dis- 

Dis'€on-(}ert',  v.  t.  To  dis- 
turb; to  unsettle  the  mind 
of.         [unite  ;  to  separate. 

Dis^-con-ne-ct',  v.t.   To  di.s- 

Dis^€on-ne-e'tion,n.  Separa- 
tion ;  want  of  union. 

Dis-e6n 'so-late,  a.  Destitute 
of  comfort  or  consolation. 

Dis^€on-tent',  n.  Uneasiness 

Dis^-eon-tent'ed,  a.  Dissatis- 
fied. 

DiS''<;on-t6nt'ment,  n.  Dis- 
satisfaction. 

Dis^€on-tin'u-anQe,    )  n.  A 

Dis''-eon-tin''u-a'tion,  j  ceas- 
ing; interruption. 

Dis^€on-tin'ue,  v.  To  put  or 
leave  off. 

Dis'€ord,  n.  Disagreement; 
strife,    [hnrmony  ;  di.«cord. 

Dis  cord'ange,  n.    Want  of 

Dis-cord'ant,  a.  Incoijsist- 
ent  ;  not  harmonious. 

Dis'-eount,  n.  Deduction  of  a 
sum  ;  allowance. 

Dis'€ount,  or  Dis-count', 
V.  t.  To  allow  discount ;  to 
lend  money  on,  deducting 
the  allowance  for  interest. 

Dis-eoun'te-nange,  v.  t.  To 
discourage.  —  n.  Disfavor. 

Dis-€our/age  (-kfir^ej),  v.  t. 
To  dishearten  ;  to  depress. 

Dis-eour'age-ment,  n.  That 
which  abates  courage. 

Dis-eourse',  n.  Conversation ; 
talk  ;  sermon ;  treatise.  — 
V.  t.   To  converse :  to  talk. 

Dis-eour'te-ous  (-kur'te-),  a. 
Uncivil ;  rude. 


son,  ©r,  dQ,  w^lf,  tcTo,  tdbk  ;  dm,  rye,  p\ill ;  f ,     soft;  €,  g,  hard ;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


DISCOURTESY 


88 


DISLODGE 


Dis-€Our'te-sy,  n.  Incivil- 
ity ;  ill  manners  ;  rudeness. 

Dis-eov'er,  V.  t.  To  find  out; 
to  disclose ;  to  reveal, 

Dis-eov'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  discovered. 

Dis-«6v'er-er,  n.  One  who 
discovers. 

Dis-eov'er-y,  n.  A  finding 
out ;  disclosure. 

Dis-ered'it,  n.  Want  of  cred- 
it ;  reproach.  —  v.  t.  To 
disbelieve ;  to  disgrace. 

Dis-€red'it-a-ble,  a.  Inju- 
rious to  reputation,  [tious. 

Dis-€reet',  a.  Prudent ;  cau- 

Dis-erep'an-gy,  I  n.  Differ- 

Dis-erep'ange,  )  ence  ;  dis- 
agreement, [disagreeing. 

Dis-erep'ant,  a.  Different; 

Dis-erete',  a.  Distinct ;  sep- 
arate ;  disjoined. 

Dis-ere'tion  (-kresh'un),  n. 
Prudence;  freedom  to  act 
at  will. 

Dis-ere'tion-al,     )  a.  To 

Dis-ere'tion-a-ry,  j  be  gov- 
erned by  judgment  only. 

Dis-<;rim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To 
distinguish  £  to  separate. 

Dis-€rim^i-na'tion,  n.  Act 
of  discriminating. 

Dis-erim'i-na-tive,  a.  Serv- 
ing to  distinguish.  [talk. 

Dis-€ur'sion,  n.  Desultory 

Dis-eur'sive,  a.  Roving  ;  ir- 
regular, [quoit. 

Dis'-eus,   n.     The  ancient 

Dis-€USS',  V.  t.  To  disperse  ; 
to  examine  by  discussion. — 
SyN.    To  debate. 

Dis-«us'sion  (-kush/un),  n. 
A  debate  ;  disquisition. 

Dis-euss'ive,  a.  Able  or 
tendmg  to  discuss. 

Di§-dain',  n.  Haughty  con- 
tempt; scorn. — V.  t.  To 
scorn  ;  to  despise. 

Dis-dain'ful  (17),  a.  Scorn- 
fulj  contemptuous. 

Di§-ea§e',  n.  Distemper; 
malady. —V.  /.  To  affect 
with  sickness,  [go  on  shore. 

Dis^em-bark^  v.    To  put  or 

Dis^em-bar'rass,  v.  t.  To 
free  from  embarrassment. 

Dis^em-bdd'ied,  p.  a.  Di- 
vested of  body. 


Dis'em-bogue',  v.  To  dis- 
charge at  the  mouth,  as  a 
stream. 

Dis'em-bow'el,  v.  t.  To 

take  out  the  bowels  of. 
Dis^ en-chant',  v  .t.   To  free 

from  enchantment. 
Dis^en-eum'ber,  v.  t.  To 

free  from  obstruction. 
Dis^en-gage',  v.  t.   To  free 

from  an  engagement  or  a  tie. 
Dis^en-gaged',  a.  Vacant; 

at  leisure. 
Dis^en-gage'ment,  n.  Re- 
lease from  engagement. 
Dis^en-tan'gle,  ^^  /.   To  set 

free  froni  perplexity. 
Dis/en-tan'gle-ment,  n.  Act 

of  disentangling. 
Dis^en-tgmb'  (-to*om/),  v.  t. 

To  take  out  from  a  tomb. 
I)iS''es-teem',  n.    Want  of 

esteem.  — v.  t.  To  dislike. 
Dis-fa'vor,  n.     Want  of  fa- 
vor ;  disregard,  [disfiguring. 
Dis-fig''u-ra'tion,  n.   Act  of 
Dis-fig'ure,  v.t.  To  deform  ; 

to  mar  ;  to  deface,  [ment. 
Dis-fig'ure-ment,  n  Deface- 
Dis-fran'chi§e  (-chlz),  v.  t. 

To  deprive  of  citizenship. 
Dis-fran'chise-ment,  n.  A 

deprivation^of  privileges. 
Dis-gorge',  v.  t.    To  vomit ; 

to  discharge  ;  to  give  up. 
Dis-grage',  n.  State  of  shame ; 

disfavor  ;  dishonor.  —  v.  t. 

To  dishonor ;  to  bring  to 

shame. 

Dis-grage'ful,  a.  Shameful. 

Dis-gm§e',  n.  A  dress  to 
conceal  ;  false  appearance. 
—  V.  t.    To  conceal. 

Dis-gust',  n.  Distaste ;  dis- 
like; aversion. — v.  t.  To 
give  dislike  to ;  to  displease. 

Dis-giist'ful,  I  a.  Provoking 

Dis-gust'iiig,  j  dislike. 

Dish  (18),  n.  A  vessel  to 
serve  food  in  ;  food.  —  v.  t. 
To  put  in  dishes. 

Dis^ha-bille',  n.  An  undress  ; 
deshabille.  [courage. 

Dis-heart'6n,  v.  t.    To  dis- 

Di-shev'el,  v.  t.  To  suffer  to 
hang  negligently,  as  the 
hair. 

Di§-h6n'est  (-on^est),  a.  Void 


of  honesty  ;  marked  by 
fraud  ;  faithless  ;  knavish. 

Di§-h6n'est-y  (-6n/est-),  n. 
Knavery. 

Di§-h6n'or  (-on^ur,  33),  n. 
Want  of  honor ;  whatever 
injures  the  reputation.  —  v. 
t.  To  bring  shame  on ;  to 
refuse  payment  of. 

Di§-h6n'or-a-ble  (-on/ur-),a. 
Reproachful ;  disgraceful. 

Dis-in^-eli-na'tion,  n.  Slight 
dislike  or  aversion. 

Dis^in-€line',  v.  t.  To  pro* 
duce  dislike  in. 

Dis^in-fe-ct',  v.  t.  To  purify 
from  infection. 

Dis^in-fe-e'tion,  n.  A  purify- 
ing from  infection. 

Dis''in-gen'u-ous,  a.  Want- 
ing in  frankness  and  hon- 
esty. —  Syn.  Unfair;  illib- 
eral ;  deceitful ;  artful. 

Dis-'in-her'it,  v.  t.  To  cut 
off  from  inheriting. 

Dis-m'te-grate,  t*.  t.  To  sep- 
arate into  integrant  parts. 

Dis-in/te-gra'tion,  n.  A  sep- 
aration of  integrant  parts. 

Dis^in-ter', f .  t.  To  takeout 
of  a  grave. 

Dis-m'ter-est-ed,  a,  Free 
from  self-interest. 

Dis^in-ter'ment,  n.  Act  of 
taking  out  of  a  grave,  [free. 

Dis^in- thrall',  v.  t.   To  set 

Dis-join',  v.  t.    To  separate. 

Dis-joiht',  V.  t.  To  separate 
the  joints  of ;  to  dislocate. 

Dis-jun-et',  a.  Separate  ;  dis- 
joined. 

Dis-jun€'tion,n.  Disunion; 

separation. 
Dis-jiin-et'ive,  a.  Tending  to 

disjoin. 

Disk,  n.  A  quoit ;  face  of  the 
sun,  moon,  or  planet. 

Dis-like',  n.  Positive  aver- 
sion. —  V.  t.  To  have  an 
aversion  to. 

Dis'lo-€ate,  v.  t.  To  dis- 
place ;  to  put  out  of  joint. 

Dis''lo-«a'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
placing ;  a  joint  put  out. 

Dis-16dge',  v.  t.  To  drive 
from  a  place  of  rest  or  a 
station.  —  v.  i.  To  go  from 
a  place  of  rest. 


a,  6, 1,6,  u,  y,  long,'  S,  e,  I,  6,  u, 


I,  y,  short;  carotcar,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pique,  JIrm  j 


DISLOYAL 


89 


DISSEMINATE 


Dis-loy'al,  a.  Not  loyal,  or 
true  to  allegiance.  [delit3\ 

Dis-loy'al-ty,  n.   Want  of  fi- 

Di§'mal,  a.    Dark;  gloomy. 

Dis-man'tle,  v.  t.  To  strip 
of  dress,  apparatus,  equip- 
ments, &c.  [of  masts. 

Dis-mast',  v.  t.    To  deprive 

Dis-may',  v.  t.  To  daunt ; 
to  appall.  —  n.  Loss  of  cour- 
age ;  fright. 

Dis-mem'ber,  v.  t.  To  di- 
vide member  from  member. 

Dis-mem'ber-ment,  n.  Sepa- 
ration ;  division. 

Dis-miss',  v.t.  To  send  away. 

Dis-miss'al,  n.  A  dismissing. 

Dis-mis'sion  (-mish/un)  n. 
A  sending  away  ;  discharge. 

Dis-mount',  v.  i.  To  alight 
from  a  horse,  &c. — v.  t. 
To  throw  from  a  horse. 

Dis/o-be'di-enge,  n.  Neglect 
or  refusal  to  obey,  [to  obey. 

Dis^o-be'di-ent,  a.  Refusing 

Dis^o-bey',  v.  t.  To  neglect 
or  refuse  to  obey. 

Dis^o-blige',  V.  t.    To  offend. 

DiS''o-blig'mg,  a.  Not  grati- 
fying; unkind. 

Dis-6r'der,  n.  Confusion  ; 
disease.  —  v.  t.  To  throw 
into  confusion  ;  to  discom- 
pose ;  to  make  sick,  [posed. 

Dis-6r'dered,  p.  a.  Indis- 

Dis-6r'der-ly,  a.  Confused ; 
lawless  ;  vicious  ;  irregular. 

Dis-6r/gan-i-za'tion,n.  Sub- 
version of  order. 

Dis-6r'gan-ize,  v.  t.  To 
throw  into  utter  disorder. 

Di§-5wn',  V.  t.  To  refuse  to 
own ;  to  renounce. 

Dis-pa,r'age,  v.  t.  To  injure 
by  depreciating  compari- 
sons. 

Dis-par'age-ment  (10),  n. 
Injurious  comparison  with 
something  else.  —  Syn.  De- 
traction ;  derogation. 

Dis-par'i-ty,  n.  Inequality. 

Dis-part',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  part. 

Dis-pas'sion-ate,  a.  Free 
from  passion;  cool ;  calm. 

Dis-p3,tch',  V.  t.  To  send 
away ;  to  put  out  of  the 
way  ;  to  kill.  —  n.  Speed  ; 
haste ;  message  sent. 


Dis-p61',  V.  t.  To  drive  away. 

Dis-pen'sa-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  dispensed  or  dis- 
pensed with. 

Dis-pen'sa-ry>  n.  Place  for 
dispensing  medicines. 

Dis'pen-sa'tion,  n.  Distri- 
bution ;  exemption  from  a 
law. 

Dis-pen'sa-tive,  )  a.  Ilav- 

Dis-pen'sa-to-ry, )  ing  pow- 
er of  granting  dispensation. 

Dis-pen'sa-to-ry,  n.  A  book 
telling  how  to  compound 
medicines. 

Dis-pense',  v.  t.  To  deal  out. 

Dis-peo'ple,  v.  t.  To  depop- 
ulate. 

Dis-perse',  v.  t.  To  scatter. 

Dis-per'sion,  n.  Act  of  scat- 
tering, or  state  of  being 
scattered. 

Dis-pir'it,  V.  t.  To  discour- 
age, [place. 

Dis-plage',  r.  t.  To  put  out  of 

Dis-play',  v.  t.  To  spread 
wide  ;  to  open.  —  n.  Exhi- 
bition ;  show. 

Dis-plea§e',  v.  t.  To  give  of- 
fense to.  —  ^'.  i.  To  disgust. 

Dis-plea§'ure  (-plezh/ur),  n. 
Slight  anger  ;  pain  received. 

Dis-plode',  v.   To  burst. 

Dis-plo'§ion,  n.  A  burst- 
ing with  noise. 

Dis-port',  n.  Play  ;  sport ; 
pastime.  — v.  i.  To  sport ; 
to  play  :  to  wanton. 

Dis-po§'al  (11),  n.  Act  of 
disposing  ;  management. 

Dis-p6§e',  V,  t.  To  place  ;  to 
incline  ;  to  adapt  or  tit. 

Dis-po§ed',  a.  Inclined  ; 
minded. 

Dis^po-si'tion  (-zlsVun),  n. 
Order";  distribution  ;  tem- 
per of  mind. 

Dis^pos-sess'  (or  -poz-zes'), 
V.  t.  To  put  out  of  posses- 
sion. 

Dis-pos-s6s'sion  (-pos-sesh/- 

un  or  -poz-zesh'un),  n.  Act 

of  dispossessing. 
Dis-praise'    n.      Censure ; 

blame. —V.  t.    To  blame. 
Dis-probf ,  n.    Refutation  ; 

confutation. 
Dis''pro-p5r'tion,  n.  Want 


of  proportion  or  symmetry. 
—  i\  I.  To  make  unsuitable. 

Dls^pro-por'tion-al,   I  a. 

Dis'pro-por'tion-ate,  \  Un- 
equal ;  without  proportion. 

Dis-prpve',  v.  t.  To  confute. 

Dis'pu-ta-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  disputed. 

Dis'pu-tant,  n.  One  who  dis- 
putes or  argues. 

Dis'pu-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
disputing ;  argumentation. 

Dis'pu-ta'tious,  a.  Given  to 
dispute. 

Dis-pute',  V.  t.  or  i.  To  de- 
bate; to  quarrel.  —  n.  Con- 
test in  words. 

Dis-quaVi-fi-ea'tion,  n.  That 
which  disqualifies. 

Dis-qual'i-fy,r.  «.  To  make 
unfit ;  to  disable. 

Dis-quT'et,  v.  t.  To  make 
uneasy.  —  Syx.  To  disturb  ; 
vex  ;  fret.  —  n.  Restless- 
ness, [ness. 

Dis-quPe-tude,  n.  Uneasi- 

Dis/qui-§i'tion  (-zTsh^un),  n. 
A  formal  discussion  on  any 
subject :  inquiry, 

Dis're-gard',  n.  Slight;  neg- 
lect, —v.  t.  To  slight. 

Dis-rel'ish,  n.  Distaste ;  dia- 
Hke. 

Dis-rep'u-ta-ble,  a.  Not 
creditable  :  dishonorable. 

Dis're-pute',  n.  Want  of 
reputation  or  esteem. 

Dis're-sp6€t',  n.  Want  of  re- 
spect ;  incivility. 

Dis're-spe€t'ful,  a.  Uncivil ; 
rude. 

Dis-robe',  v.    To  undress. 

Dis-rup'tion,  n.  Art  of 
breaking  asunder  ;  breach. 

Dis-sat'is-fa-e'tion,  n.  Dis- 
content ;  dislike ;  displeas- 
ure, [please. 

Dis-sat^is-fy,  v.  t.     To  dis- 

Dis-se-ct',  ^•.  t.  To  divide  and 
examine  minutely. 

Dis-se-e'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
dissecting ;  anatomy. 

Dis-se€t'or,  n.  An  anatomist. 

Dis-seize',  v.  t.  To  dispossess. 

Dis-sem'ble,  v.  t.  To  con- 
ceal ;  to  feign.  — v.  i.  To  act 
the  hypocrite. 

Dis-sem'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  scat- 


«6n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  tcTo,  tcTok ;  flrn,  rije,  pi.iU ;  f,     soft;  c,  g,  liard;  a^ ;  exist ;  e  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


DISSEMINATION 


90 


DIVARICATE 


ter  in  various  directions ;  to 
sow. 

Dis-sem^i-na'tion,  71.  Act  of 
disseminating. 

Dis-sem'i-na''tor,  n.  One  who 
disseminates. 

Dis-sen'sion,  n.  Contention ; 
disagreement ;  strife. 

Dis-sent',  v.  i.  To  disagree  ; 
to  differ.  —  n.  Disagree- 
ment, [sents. 

Dis-sent'er,  n.  One  who  dis- 

Dis-sen'tient,  a.  Disagreeing. 

Dis^ser-ta'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
course ;  essay  ;  treatise. 

Dis-serv'ige,  n.  Injury  done. 

Dis~sev'er,  v.  t.  To  part  in 
two ;  to  disunite. 

Dis-sev'er-ange,  n.  Act  of 
severing,  [ment. 

Dis'si-denge,  n.  Disagree- 

Dis'si-dent,  n.  A  dissenter. 
—  a.  Dissenting. 

Dis-sim'i-lar,  a.  Unlike. 

Pis-simd-lar'_i-ty, )  n.  Un- 

Pis^si-mil'i-tude,  )  like- 
ness ;  difference  ;  want  of  re- 
semblance, [risy. 

Dis-sim/_u-la'tion,n.  Hypoc- 

Dis'si-pate,  v.  t.  To  drive 
asunder;  to  scatter. 

Dis'si-pa^ted,  a.  Given  to 
pleasure  ;  dissolute  ;  loose. 

Dis/si-pa'tion,n.  Dispersion  ; 
a  dissolute  course  of  life. 

Dis-so'ci-ate  (-so/shi-),  ^^  t. 
To  disunite  ;  to  separate. 

Dis-SQ/ci-a'tion  (-so-shi-),  n. 
Separation  ;  division. 

Dis'so-lu-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  dissolved. 

Dis'so-lute ,  a.  Loose  in  mor- 
als or  conduct. 

Dis'so-lute-ly,  adv.  In  a 
loose  or  wanton  manner. 

Dis^so-lu'tion,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
solving ;  death. 

Dis-s61ve',  v.  t.  or  t.  To 
melt ;  to  liquefy  ;  to  sepa- 
rate ;  to  terminate. 

Di§-s51v'ent,  n.  That  which 
dissolves.  —  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  dissolve. 

Dis'so-nange,  n.  Discord. 

Dis'so-nant,  a.  Discordant ; 
harsh  to  the  ear. 

Dis-siiade'  (-swadO,  To 
advise  or  exhort  against. 


Dis-sua'§ion,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
suading. 

Dis-sua'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
dissuade.  —  n.  Argument 
employed  to  deter. 

Dis''syl-lab'i-e,  a.  Consisting 
of  two  syllables  only. 

Dis-syl'la-ble,  or  Dis'syl-la- 
ble,  n.  A  word  of  two  syl- 
lables. 

Dis'taff  (18),  n. 
A  staff  from 
w^hich  flax  is 
drawn  in  spin- 
ning. 

Dis-tain',  v.  t. 
To  stain. 

Dis'tange,      n.  Distaff. 
Space  between  bodies ;  re- 
moteness ;   reserve.  —  ^^  t. 
To  leave  behind,  as  in  a 
race. 

Dis'tant,  a.  Remote  in  time, 
place,  or  connection,  &c.  — 
Syn.  Separate  ;  far  ;  indis- 
tinct ;  shy  ;  cool :  haughty. 

Dis-taste',  n.  Disrelish  ;  dis- 
gust ;  aversion. 

Dis-taste'ful,  a.  Nauseous ; 
offensive. 

Dis-tem'per,  n.  A  morbid 
state  of  the  body  ;  disease  •, 
malady.  —  v.  t.  To  affect 
with  disease  ;  to  disturb. 

Dis-tend',  v.  t.    To  swell. 

Dis-ten'tion,  M.  A  stretching. 

Dis'ti^h  (dis^tik),  n.  A  coup- 
let, or  two  poetic  lines. 

Dis-tni'  I  (16),  V.  I.   To  fall  in 

Dis-til'  )  drops  ;  to  drop.  — 
V.  t.    To  extract  spirit  from. 

Dis/til-la'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
distilling.  [tills. 

Dis-till'er,  n.    One  who  dis- 

Dis-till'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
distilling. 

Dis-tm-et',  a.  Separate  ;  dif- 
ferent ;  clear ;  not  confused. 

Dis-tin-e'tion,  n.  Difference. 

Dis-tin-et'ive,  a.  Marking 
distinction  or  difference. 

Dis-tin€t'ly,  adv.  In  a  dis- 
tinct manner.  [precision. 

Dis-tin-et'ness,n.  Clearness; 

Dis-tin'guish  (-ting/gwish), 
V.  t.  To  note  the  difference 
between.  —  v.  i.  To  make 
distinctions. 


Dis-tin'guish-a-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  distinguished. 

Dis-tin'guished  (-gwisht),  a. 
Eminent ;  celebrated. 

Dis-tort',  V.  t.  To  twist ;  to 
writhe.  [torting. 

Dis-tor'tion,  n.    Act  of  dis- 

Dis-tra-et',  v.t.  To  perplex; 
to  agitate  ;  to  craze. 

Dis-tra-et'ed,  n.  Deranged. 

Dis-tra-e'tion,  n.  Confusion; 
state  of  disordered  reason. 

Dis-train',  v.  t.  To  seize  for 
debt  without  legal  process. 

Dis-traint',  n.  A  seizure  for 
debt. 

Dis-tress',  n.  Act  of  dis- 
training ;  thing  seized ;  ex- 
treme pain.  —  v.t.  To  pain ; 
to  afflict. 

Dis-tr6ss'ing,  a.  Afflicting. 

Dis-trib'ute,  v.  t.  To  divide 
among  a  number. 

Dis^tri-bu'tion,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
tributing. 

Dis-trib'u-tive,  a.  Distrib- 
uting, or  tending  to  do  so. 

Dis'tri-et,  n.  A  circuit ;  re- 
gion ;  tract.  —  v.t.  To  di- 
vide into  circuits. 

Dis-trust',  v.  t.  To  suspect ; 
to  disbelieve.  —  n.  Want  of 
confidence. 

Dis-trust'ful,  a.  Suspicious. 

Dis-turb',  v.  t.  To  perplex  ; 
to  disquiet ;  to  agitate. 

Dis-turb'anQC,  n.  Agitation ; 
confusion  ;  tumult. 

Dis-un'ion  (-yun^yun),  n. 
Want  of  union. 

Dis'u-nite',  v.  t.  To  separate. 

Dis-fi§e',  v.  t.  To  cease  to 
make  use  of.  [desuetude. 

Dis-use',  n.  Cessation  of  use ; 

Ditch  (18),  n.  A  trench  in  the 
earth. — v.  t.  or  i.  To  trench  ; 
to  make  a  ditch.  [before. 

Dit'to,  n.   The  same  thing  as 

Dit'ty  (19),  n.  A  poem  to  be 
sung.  [urine. 

DFu-ret'l^;,    a.  Promoting 

Di  ur'nal,  a.  Constituting  a 
day  ;  daily. 

Di-v3,n',  n.  Turkish  council 
of  state ;  council  chamber  ; 
kind  of  small  sofa. 

Di-var'i-<Jate,  v.  i.  To  di- 
vide into  two  branches. 


a,  6, 1, 0,  u,  y,  long ;  ii,    1, 5,  u,  ^ ,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vfiil,  t6rm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


DIVE 


91 


DOMESTICATE 


Dive,  V.  {.  To  plunge  under 
water  ;  to  go  deep. 

Di'ver,  n.  One  who  dives ;  a 
bird  remarkable  for  diving. 

Di-verge',  v.  i.  To  tend  dif- 
ferent ways  from  one  point. 

Di-var'genge,  n.  Gradual  de- 
viation from  a  point. 

Di-ver'gent,  a.  Separating 
from  each  other. 

Di'verg,  a.  Several ;  sundry. 

DI'verse,  a.  Varied;  differ- 
ent ;  various. 

Dl'verse-ly,ajc/i'.  Differently. 

Di-ver/si-fi-ea'tion,  n.  The 
act  of  making  various. 

Di-ver'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
diverse  or  various. 

Di-ver'sion,  n.  A  turning 
aside  ;  sport ;  amusement. 

Di-ver'si-ty,  n.  Difference ; 
unlikeness  ;  variety. 

Di-vert',  V,  t.  To  turn  aside; 
to  gratify  ;  to  amuse. 

Di-vert'ing,  a.  Pleasing. 

Di-vert'i§e-ment,  n.  Diver- 
sion. 

Di-v6st',  V.  t.  To  strip,  as 
of  clothes,  arms,  &c. 

Di-vest'ure,  n.  Act  of  put- 
ting off.        [being  divided. 

Di-vid'a-ble,  «.    Capable  of 

Di-vide',  V.  t.  To  part  or  sep- 
arate, as  a  whole. 

Div'i-dend,  n.  Number  to  be 
divided ;  share  divided. 

Di-vid'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  divides;  (pi.) 
compasses,  [ing. 

Div'i-na'tion,  n.   A  foretell- 

Di-vine',  a.  Pertaining  to 
God.  —  n.  A  minister  of  the 
Gospel. — V.    To  foretell. 

Di-vme'ly,  adu.  In  a  godlike 
manner. 

Div'ing-bell,  n.  A  machine 
for  going  under  water  in. 

Di-vin'i-ty,«.  Divine  nature!; 
the  Deity  ;  theology. 

Di-vig/i-biPi-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  divisible. 

Di-vis'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  divided,    [of  dividing. 

Di-vis'lonC-vizh/un),  n.  Act 

Di-vi'sor,  n.  A  number  that 
divides  another. 

Di-vdrge',  n.  Legal  dissolu- 
tion of  marriage. — v.  t.  To 


separate,  as  a  husband  and 

wife 

Di-vulge',  V.  t.    To  publish  ; 

to  disclose  or  make  known. 
Diz'en,  or  Dl'zen,  v.  t.  To 

dress  gaudily. 
Diz'zi-ness,  n.     Giddiness ; 

vertigo. 

Diz'zy  (13),  a.  Affected  with 
vertigo  ;  giddy. 

Do,  V.  [imp.  DID ;  p.  p. 
DONE.]  To  act ;  to  per- 
form ;  to  practice ;  to  exe- 
cute ;  to  succeed  ;  to  answer 
the  purpose. 

DSq'iIc,  a.  Ready  to  be 
taught. 

Do-gil'i-ty,  n.  Teachableness. 

D6ck,  n.  A  place  for  ships; 
a  certain  plant.  — v.  t.  To 
cut  short.  [dock. 

D6ck'age,  n.  Pay  for  using  a 

Ddck'et,  n.  A  label  tied  to 
goods  ;  a  register  of  cases  in 
court.  — V.  t.  To  mark  with 
titles.  [naval  stores. 

D6ck'-yard,  n.    A  yard  for 

D6c'tor,  n.  A  title  in  divin- 
ity, law,  &c.  ;  a  physician. 

P6c'tor-ate,  n.  The  degree 
of  a  doctor. 

D6€'tress,  n.  A  female 
physician. 

D6€'tri-nal,  a.  Consisting  in, 
or  containing,  doctrine.  — n. 
Something  that  is  part  of 
doctrine. 

D6€'trine,  n.  ^Vhat  is  taught ; 
a  gospel  truth  ;  tenet. 

D6€'u-ment,  n.  Written  in- 
struction ;  proof. 

D6€'u-ment'al,     )  a.  Con- 

D6e^u-ment'a-ry, )  sisting 
in  written  evidence. 

Do-de€'a-g6n,  n.  A  figure  of 
twelve  sides. 

Do-d6€^a-he'dron, 
n.  A  sohd  having 
twelve  equal  faco.«. 

Dodge,  V.  i.  To 
start  suddenly 
aside.  —  v.  t.  To 
evade  by  starting  Dodecahe- 
aside. 

Doe  (18),  n.    A  female  deer. 
Dp'er,  n.  One  who  performs, 
D6e§  (dttz),  third  person  sing 
indicative  present  of  Do. 


D6ff  (1),  V.  t.  To  put  off ;  to 
strip. 

D6g,M.  A  domestic  animal. — 
V.  t.  To  follow  continually. 

D6g'-day§,  n.  pi.  The  days 
when  the  dog-star  rises  and 
sets  with  the  sun. 

Ddg'ged,  a.  Sullen  ;  morose. 

D6g'ged-ly,  adv.  Sullenly. 

D6g'ger-el,  n.  A  kind  of  ir- 
regular measure  in  poetry. 

DSg'ma  (18),  w.  A  settled 
opinion  ;  a  maxim  ;  a  tenet. 

Dog-mat'i€,      )  a.  Positive  ; 

Dog-m^t'i-e-al,  j  magiste- 
rial. 

D6g'ma-ti§m,  n.  Positive- 
noss  in  opinion  ;  arrogance. 

Dog'ma-tist,  n.  One  who 
dogmatizes. 

Dog'ma-tize,  v.  i.  To  assert 
positively  without  proof. 

D6g'- tooth  (21),  n.  A  tooth 
like  a  dog's. 

D6g'-tr6t,  n.    A  gentle  trot. 

Doi'ly  ( 19),  n.  A  small  colored 
napkin. 

Dp'ingg,  n.  pi.  Things  done. 

Doit,  n.  A  small  piece  of 
money  ;  a  tritle. 

Dole,  n.  A  thing  dealt  out. 
—  V.  t.  To  deal  out  in  small 
portions. 

Dole'ful  (17),  a.  Expre.«sing 
or  causing  grief.  —  Syn. 
Mournful;  melancholy. 

Dole's6me(-sum),  a.  Gloomy; 
dismal.  [for  a  child. 

D611  (1),  n.  A  puppet  or  baby 

Ddl'lar,  n.  A  silver  coin  of 
the  United  States ;  100 cents. 

Do'lor,  n.    Pain  ;  grief. 

D61'or-ous,  a.  Sorrowful ; 
painful.  [fish. 

D61'phin,  n.    A  cetaceous 

D51t.  n.  A  stupid  fellow. 

Dolt'ish,  a.  Stupid  ;  blockish. 

Do-main',  n.  Extent  of  ter- 
ritory or  sway.  —  Syn.  Em- 
pire ;  dominion ;  possession  ; 
estate. 

Dome  (18),  n.  An  arched 
roof  or  cupola. 

Do-mes'ti€,  a.  Belonging  to 
home;  tame.  —  n.  A  house- 
servant, 

Do-mes'ti-eate,  v.  t.  To 
make  domestic  or  tame. 


111' 


s6n,  or,  dg,  wglf,  to"o,  tdbk ;  dm,  rjje,  p\ill ;  9,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


DOMICIL 


92 


DRAMA 


D6m'i-gil,   )  n.  A  permanent 
Dom'i-gile,  j  dwelling. 
D6m'i-Qile,        I  v.  t.  To  es- 
DonVi-giPi-ate,  j     tablish  a 

fixed  residence. 
Dom^i-QiPi-a-ry  {or  -sTl/3^a- 
r> ),  a.     Pertaining  to  an 
abode.  [vailing. 
D6m'i-nant,  a.  Ruling  ;  pre- 
Dom/i-na'tion,  n.  Rule  ;  do- 
minion,      [with  insolence. 
Dom^i-neer',  v.  i.    To  rale 
Do-mm'i-€al,   a.  Relating 

to  our  Lord. 
Do-mm'i-ean,  n.    One  of  an 
order  of  monks,  [authority. 
Do-mm'ion.   n.  Sovereign 
D6m'i-no  (18),  w.    A  hood  or 

cloak  ;  a  game. 
D6n,  n.  Spanish  title.  — v.  t. 

To  put  on.  [to  give. 

Do'nate,  v.  t.  To  bestow  ; 
Do-na'tion,  n.  A  gift ;  a  pres- 
ent, [largess. 
D6n'a-tive,  n.  A  gift  ;  a 
Done  (dun),  p.  p.  of  Do. 
Don'key  (19),  n.  An  ass  or 
nfule. 

Do'nor,  n.    One  who  gives. 

Ddbm,  V.  t.  To  sentence ; 
to  destine.  —  n.  Sentence 
given.  [ment. 

Ddbms'day,  n.  Day  of  judg- 

D5or ,  n.  The  gate  of  a  house  ; 
entrance.  [a  janitor. 

Door'-keep^er,  n.  A  porter ; 

D6r'i€,  a.  Relating  to  an 
order  of  architecture. 

D6r'man-Qy,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing dormant.  [vate. 

Dor'mant, a.  Sleeping;  pri- 

Dorjmer,^  |  ^^^^^^^^^ 

roof  of    a  _      '     .  , 
house  Dormer-window. 

D6r'mi-to-ry,  n.  A  place  to 
sleep  in. 

Dor'mouse  (21),  n.  A  small 
animal  resembling  the  squir- 
rel in  its  habits,  [back. 

Dor'sal,  a.    Relating  to  the 

Dose,  n.  As  much  medicine 
as  is  taken  at  one  time.  — 
V.  t.    To  give  in  doses. 


Dot,  n.  A  point  used  in  writ- 
ing and  printing.  —  v.  t.  To 
mark  with  dots. 

D5'tage,  n.  Imbecility  of 
mind  from  old  age. 

Do'tard,  n.  One  whose  mind 
is  impaired  by  age.  [ment. 

Do-ta'tion,  n.     An  endow- 

Dote  (8),  V.  i.  To  be  or  be- 
come silly  through  age,  or 
from  love. 

Doub'le  (duba),a.  Twofold; 
in  pairs;  deceitful. — v.  t. 
To  make  twofold ;  to  fold ; 
to  pass  round  a  headland.  — 
n.   Twice  the  quantity. 

Doub'le-deal^ing  (dub/1-),  n. 
Dealing  with  duplicity. 

Doub'let,  n.  A  pair ;  a  waist- 
coat ;  {pi  )  the  same  number 
on  both  dice,  &c. 

Doub-lobn',  n.  A  Spanish 
coin  of  about  sixteen  dollars. 

Doubt  (dout),  V.  i.  To  be  in 
suspense;  to  hesitate.  —  v. 
t.    To  distrust;  to  suspect. 

—  n.   Hesitation;  distrust. 
Doubt'ful  (dout/-),  a.  Uncer- 
tain.   '  [doubt. 

Doubt'ful-ly,  adv.  With 
Doubt'less  (dout^less),  adv. 

Without  doubt  ;  unques- 
tionably, [gift ;  bribe. 
Dpu-geur'  (doo-sQrO,  n.  A 
D5ugh   (do),  n.  Unbaked 

paste  of  bread. 
Dough'nut  (do/-),  n.  A  small 

fried  cake. 
Dough'ty  (do_w''ty),a.  Brave. 
Ddugh'y   (do/y),   a.  Like 

dough.  [head  into  water. 
Douse,  V.  To  plunge  over 
Dove,  n.  A  domestic  pigeon. 
D6ve'-e6t,  )  n.  A  place 
Dove '-house,  )  for  pigeons. 
Dove'tail,  n.  A  joint  in  form 

of  a  dove's  tail  spread.  —  v. 

t.    To  join  by  dovetail. 
Dow'a-ger,  n.  A  widow  with 

a  jointure. 
Dow'dy,  n.    An  awkward, 

ill-dressed  woman. 
Dow'el  (8),  u.       To  fasten 

together  by  pins,  as  boards. 
Dow'er,  n.    The  portion  of  a 

married  woman  or  a  widow. 
"Dovjn.,  prep.  Along  a  descent. 

—  adv.  Below  the  horizon  ; 


on  the  ground  ;  below.  — n. 

Bank  of  sand  ;  level,  sandy 

land ;  soft  feathers  or  tender 

hair.  [ward. 
Down'-east,  a.  Cast  down- 
Down'fall,  n.  A  fall ;  ruin. 
Down'liill,    n.      Declivity  ; 

slope  of  a  hill ;  descent.  — 

a.  Descending. 
Down'right  (-rit),  a.  Open; 

plain.  —  adv.  Plainly. 
Down'ward,  a.  Descending. 

—  adv.    To  a  lower  place. 
Down'y,  a.   Like  down ;  soft. 
Dow'ry.    See  Dower. 
Dox-61'o-gy,   n.     A  short 

hymn  giving  praise  to  God. 

D5ze,  V.  i.  To  slumber.  — n. 
Imperfect  sleep  ;  slumber. 

Doz'en,  a.  or  n.  Twelve. 

Doz'i-ness,  n.  Drowsiness. 

Doz'y,  a.    Drowsy  ;  sleepy. 

Drab,  n.  A  strumpet. —  a. 
Of  a  dull  brownish-yellow  or 
gray  color.  [gle. 

Dra,b'ble,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  drag- 

Dr^-chm  (dram),         \  n. 

Drach'ma  (drjlk^ma),  j  The 
eighth  part  of  an  ounce. 

Draff  (l),n.    Dregs ;  refuse. 

Draft,  n.  Act  of  drawing ;  or- 
der for  money  ;  a  sketch  ;  a 
detachment.  —  v.  t.  To 
draw ;  to  select. 

Dr3,g,  v.t.  To  pull  with  force. 

—  V.  i.  To  be  drawn  along  on 
the  ground.  —  n.  A  net ;  a 
harrow  ;  a  kind  of  sledge. 

Drag'gle,  v.  To  draw  or  be 
drawn  on  the  ground. 

Drag'o-man  (21),  n.  An  in- 
terpreter. 

Drag'on,  n.  A  kind  of  fabu- 
lous winged  serpent. 

Dr3,g'on-fly,  n.  An  insect 
with  a  long,  slender  body. 

Dra-gdbn',  n.  A  kind  of 
cavalry  soldier.  — v.  t.  To 
persecute ;  to  force. 

Drain,  w.  A  channel  for  wa- 
ter. —  v.  t.  or  i.  To  draw 
off  gradually  ;  to  exhaust. 

Drain'age,  n.   A  draining. 

Drake,  n.  The  male  of  the 
duck  kind. 

Dr&m,  n.  A  glass  of  spirit; 
eighth  of  an  ounce  troy. 

Dra'ma,  or  Dra'ma  (18),  n. 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y ,  long ;        i,  6,  tl,  5^,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  aU,  wh^it ;  ere  veil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


DRAMATIC 


93 


DRUDGERY 


A  theatrical  composition ;  a 
play. 

Dra-mat'i€,     \a.  Pertam- 
Dra-mat'i€-al,  j    ing  to  the 
drama. 

Dram'a-tist,  n.    A  dramatic 

author  or  writer  of  plays. 
Dram'a-tize,  v.  t.    To  repre- 
sent in  a  drama.  [Drink. 
I  Dr^nk,  imp.   &   p.  p.  of 
!  Drape,  v.  t.    To  cover  with 
drapery.  [in  cloths. 

Dra'per,  n.    One  who  deals 
Dra'per-y,  n.  The  dress  of  a 
picture  or  statue.  [ive. 
;  DrS,s'ti€,  a.    Powerful ;  act- 
Draught  (draft),  n.    Act  of 
drawing  ;  quantity  drank  at 
once  ;  delineation  ;  current 
of  air  ;  depth  of  water  ;  {pi.) 
a  game. 
Draught'-horse  (draft/-)  n. 
!     A  horse  for  drawing. 
I  Draughts 'man  (21),  n.  One 
who  draws  writings  or  de- 
i  signs. 

!  Draw,  V.  t.  or  r.  [imp.  drew  ; 
I  p.  p.  DRAWN.]  To  pull;  to 
I  allure  ;  to  delineate.  —  n. 
j  Act  of  drawing  ;  a  lot  drawn. 
S  Praw'back,  n.  Hindrance; 
t  duty  refunded  on  goods ; 
I     any  loss. 

!  Draw'-hridge,  n.   A  bridge 
to  be  drawn  up  or  aside. 
Draw-ee',  n.    One  on  whom 

a  bill  is  drawn. 
Draw'er,  n.    One  who  draws 
a  bill ;  a  sliding  box;  [pi.) 
\    an  under  garment  for  tlie 
:     legs.  [sketch. 
Draw'ing,  n._  A  delineation  ; 
Draw'ing-rdbm,  n.  A  room 
i     for  company, 
t  Drawl,  V.  t.  or  t.    To  speak 
I     in  a  slow,  lengthened  tone. 
I  Dr§.wn,  p.  p.  of  Draw. 
I  Dray,  n.     A  low  cart  on 
'  wheels. 
Dread,  n.     Great  and  con- 
tinuing fear  ;  terror.  — v.t. 
To  be  in  great  fear.  —  a. 
!     Awful;  terrible. 
Dread'ful,    a.  Inspiring 

dread  ;*  terrible  ;  shocking. 
Dread'ful-ly,  adv.  Terribly. 
Dread'naught    (-nawt),  n. 
A  very  "thick  cloth. 


Dream,  n.  Thoughts  in  Pleep. 

—  V.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
DREAMED,  DREAMT.]  To 
think  in  sleep  ;  to  fancy . 

Dream'y,  a.  Full  of  dreams  ; 

visionary.  [Dream. 
Dreamt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Drear,  I  a.  Sorrowful ;  dis- 
Drear'y, )  mal ;  gloomy. 
Drear'i-ness,  n.  Gloominess. 
Dredge,  n.  An  oyster-net.  — 

V.  t.    To  sprinkle  flour  on  ; 

to  gather  with  a  dredge. 
Dr6dg'ing-b6x,  n.    A  box 

for  sprinkling  with  flour. 
DrSg'gy,  a.  Containing 

dregs. 

Dreg§,  w.  pi.    Lees  ;  refuse. 

Drench,  v.  t.  To  wet  thor- 
oughly.— n.  A  draught;  a 
potion  of  medicine. 

Dress  (2),  v.  t.   [imp.  &  p.  p. 

DRESSED  ;     DREST.]  To 

clothe  ;  to  deck  ;  to  cook  ; 

to  cover  a  wound  ;  to  make 

straight. — n.  Clothes  worn  ; 

garments. 
Dress'er,  n.    One  who  dress- 
es ;  a  kitchen  table  ;  shelves 

for  dishes. 
Dr6ss'ing-rdbm,  n.  A  room 

to  dress  in. 
DrSss'y,  a.    Showy  in  dress. 
Drib'ble,  v.  i.    To  .^laver. 
Drib'blet,  )  n.  A  small  quan- 
Drib'let,   j   tity  ;  petty  sum. 
Drift,  n.     Design ;   pile  of 

snow  or  sand.  —  v.  i.  or  t. 

To  float ;  to  form  in  heap.-s. 
Drill  (1),  n.  A  tool  for  boring 

holes.  —  V.  t.    To  bore  ;  to 

train  by  exercise. 
Drill'-plow,     )  n.     A  plow 
Drill'-plough, )    for  sowing 

in  drills. 
Drmk,  v.  i.    [imp.  &  p.  p. 

DRANK.]  To  swallow  liquor. 

—  v.t.  To  swallow;  to  im- 
bibe.—  n.  Liquor  of  any 
kind  for  drinking. 

Drink'er,  n.  One  who  drinks. 

Drip,  V.  i.   To  fall  in  drops. 

Drip'pmgs,  n.  pi.  Fat  fall- 
ing from  roasting  meat. 

Drive,  V.  t.  [imp.  drove  ; 
p.  p.  DRIVEN.]  To  urge  ;  to 
compel ;  to  carry  on.  —  v.  i. 
To  rush  on  ;  to  be  impelled. 


— n.  Excursion  in  a  carriage. 
Driv'el  (drivel,  8),  v.  i.  To 

slaver  ;to  dote.  — n.  Slaver. 
Driv'el-er,  I  n.  A  simpleton; 
Driv'el-ler,  j     a  dotard. 
Driv'en,/).  p.  of  Drive. 
Driv'er,  n.  One  who  drives. 
Driz'zle,  n.  F\ne  rain  or  mist. 

—  V.  i.  To  fall  in  small 
drops  or  fine  rain. 

Driz'zly,  a.    Shedding  very 

small  drops. 
Droll,  a.    Comical;  odd. 
Droll'er-y,  n.    Buffoonery  5 

low  sport ;  idle  jokes. 
Drom'e-da-ry 

(drtim''  ),  n. 

A  camel  with 

one  hump  on  | 

the  back. 
Drone,  n.  The    _  , 

male  bee  ;   a  Dromedary. 

sluggard.  —  v.  i.     To  live 

idly. 

Droop,  V.  i.  To  pine  ;  to  lan- 
guish ;  to  be  dispirited. 

Dr6p,  n.  A  globule  of  moist- 
ure ;  a  small  quantity  ;  an 
ear-ring  ;  part  of  a  gallows. 

—  1?.  To  fall  in  drops. — 
V.  i.   To  let  fall.  [dropsy. 

Dr6p'si-eal,  a.  Diseased  with 

Drdp'sy,  n.  A  morbid  collec- 
tion of  water  in  the  body. 

Dr6ss,  n.    Scum  of  metals. 

Dr6ss'y,  a.    Full  of  dross. 

Drought,  )  n.    Dry  weather ; 

Drouth,    I    dryness  ;  thirst. 

Drought'y  (drowt^-),  j  a. 

Drouth'y,  )   Dry ; 

wanting  rain. 

Drove,  imp.  of  Drive.  —  n.  A 
number  of  cattle  driven. 

Drov'er,  n.  One  who  drives 
cattle. 

Drown,  v.  t.  To  suffocate  in 
water;  to  overflow.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  suffocated  in  water. 

Drowse,  v.  i.  To  grow  heavy 
with"  sleep  ;  to  doze. 

Drow'si-ness,  n.  Sleepiness. 

Drow'gy,  a.    Sleepy  ;  heavy. 

Drub,  n.    A  thump;  a  blow. 

—  v.t.    To  beat  soundly. 
Drudge,  v.  i.    To  labor  in 

mean  offices ;  to  toil ;  to 
slave.  —  n.  A  slave  to  work. 
Drudg'er-y,  n.    Hard  labor. 


Bdn,  6r,  dQ,  wplf,  tcTo,  tcTok  ;  firn,  rye,  p^U  ;  9,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


DRUG 


94 


DYE 


Dr&g,  n.  Any  substance  used 
in  medicine.  — v.  t.  To  ad- 
minister drugs  to.  [cloth. 

Drug-'get,  n.  A  coarse  woolen 

Drug'f  ist,  n.  One  who  deals 
in  drugs.  [priest. 

Dru'id,  n.    An  ancient  Celtic 

Drii-id'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  Druids. 

Drum,  n.  A  military  instru- 
ment ;  part  of  the  ear.  — 
V.  i.    To  beat  a  drum. 

Drum'-ma'jor,  n.  The  chief 
drummer.  [a  drum. 

Drum'mer,  n.  One  who  beats 

Drum'stick,  n,  A  stick  for 
beating  drums. 

Driink,  a.  Intoxicated;  in- 
ebriated,   [to  drunkenness. 

Drunk'ard,  n.   One  addicted 

Drunk'en,  a.  Intoxicated. 

Drunk'en-ness,  n.  Intoxica- 
tion ;  inebriation. 

Drupe,  n.  A  fruit  without 
valves,  as  the  plum. 

Dry  (13),  a.  Not  moist  ; 
thirsty  ;  sarcastic  ;  keen.  — 
V.    To  make  or  grow  dry. 

Dry'ad,  n.   A  wood-nymph. 

Dry'-g(5bd§,  n.  pi.  Cloths, 
&c.,  in  distinction  from 
groceries.  [castically. 

Dry'ly,  adv.     Coldly  ;  sar- 

Dry'ness,  n.  Want  of  moist- 
ure-, thirst ;  drouth,  [ber. 

Dry'-r6t,  n.   A  decay  of  tim- 

Du'al,  a.  Expressing  the 
number  two.  [two. 

Du-3,l'i-ty,  n.   State  of  being 

Diib,  v.t.  To  confer  a  title  on. 

Dii'bi-ous,  a.  Of  uncertain 
issue ;  not  clear  or  plain ; 
doubtful.  [duke. 

Du'€al,  a.    Pertaining  to  a 

Du€'at,  n.  A  coin  of  several 
countries  of  Europe. 

Duch'ess,  n.  Wife  of  a  duke. 

Duch'y,  n.  Territory  of  a 
duke. 

Duck,  n.  A  water-fowl ;  a 
kind  of  canvas. — v.  To 
plunge  underwater  ;  to  nod 
or  stoop. 

Duck'ing,  n.  Immersion  of 
the  head  in  water. 

Dii€t,  n.  A  tube ;  a  canal ;  a 
passage.  [ble. 

Du€'tile,  a.  Easily  led  ;  flexi- 


Du-C-til'l-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  being  easily  extended. 

DMg'eoii  (duj/un),  n.  A 
small  dagger ;  malice. 

Duds,  n.  pi.    Old  clothes. 

Due,  a.  Owed;  owing;  prop- 
er. —  adv.  Directly  ;  exact- 
ly.—n.  A  debt;  right; 
claim.  [two^ 

Du'el,  n.    A  fight  between 

Du'el-ing,  j  n.  A  fighting  in 

Du'eMing,  )     single  combat. 

Du'el-ist  l(8),w.  A  frequent 

Du'el-list )     fighter  in  duels. 

Du-en'na,  n.  An  old  woman. 

Du  et',  n.  A  musical  piece 
for  two  performers. 

Dug,  n.  A  teat,  especially  of  a 
beast.  — r.,  imp.  8c  p.  p.  of 
Dig.  [highest  rank. 

Duke,  n.    A  nobleman  of  the 

Duke'ddm,  n.  Estate  of  a 
duke.  [ous. 

DuPget,  a.  Sweet ;  harmoni- 

DuPQi-mer,  n.  A  musical  in- 
strument played  with  sticks. 

Dull,  a.  Stupid  ;  slow ;  blunt. 
—  V.  t.  To  blunt;  to  stupe- 
fy.— 'V.  i.  To  become  blunt. 

DulPard,  n.  A  stupid  person. 

DulPness,  I  n.  State  of  being 

DuPness,  j  dull. 

Du'ly,  adv.  Fitly  ;  properly. 

Dumb  (ddm),  a.  Mute;  in- 
capable of  speech. 

Dumb'-bSlI  (dtim/-),  n.  A 
weight  for  swinging  in  the 
hands. 

Diimb'-sh5w  {dum^-),  n. 
Gesture  without  words. 

Dump'ish,  a.  Stupid  ;  mop- 
ing, [small  pudding. 

Diimp'ling,  n.    A  kind  of 

Diimps,  n.  pi.  A  moping 
state. 

Diimp'y,  a.  Short  and  thick. 

Dun,  a.  Of  a  dark  color; 
gloomy  ;  obscure.  —  n.  A 
dark  color ;  a  clamorous 
creditor.  —  v.  t.  To  urge  for 
a  debt. 

Dunge,  n.  A  blockhead  ;  dolt. 

Dun'-fish,  n.  Codfish  cured 
in  a  particular  manner. 

Dung,  n.  Excrement  of  ani- 
mals ;  manure. 

Dun'geon  (ddn/jun),  n.  A 
close  prison. 


Du'o,  n.    A  duet. 

Du^o-deg'i-mal,  a.  Proceed- 
ing by  twelves. 

Du^o-deg'i-mo  (1?),  n.  A  book 
with  12  leaves  to  a  sheet. 

Du^o-de'num,  n.  The  first 
of  the  small  intestines. 

Dupe,  n.  One  easily  deceived. 

—  V.  t.  To  impose  on. 
Du'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  double. 
Du'pli-eate,  n.     An  exact 

copy.  — a.  Double  ;  twofold. 

Du/pli-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
doubling. 

Du-pliQ'i-ty,  n.  Doublenes* 
of  art  or  speech  ;  dissimu- 
lation ;  deceit. 

Du'ra-biPi-ty,  n.  Power  of 
lasting  without  perishing. 

Du'ra-ble,  a.  Lasting;  per- 
manent. 

Du'ran^e,  n.  Imprisonment. 

Du-ra'tion,n.  Lengthof  time. 

Du'ress,  or  Du-ress',  n.  Con- 
straint ;  confinement. 

Dur'in^ ,  prep .  Continuing. 

Durst,  imp.  of  Dare. 

Dusk',  a.  Slightly  dark ;  dark- 
ish. —  n.  A  tending  to  dark- 
ness. 

Diisk'y,  a.  Partially  dark. 

Diist,  n.  Very  fine  particles 
of  dry  earth. —  v.  t.  To 
brush  dust  from.  [dust. 

Dust'y,   a.     Covered  with 

Du'te-ous,  a.  Fulfilling  duty  ; 
obedient ;  dutiful,  [duties. 

Dii'ti-a-ble  (13),  a.  Subject  to 

Du'ti-ful,  a.  Obedient  to  par- 
ents ;  respectful. 

Du'ty  (19),  n.  What  one  is 
bound  to  perform  ;  military 
service  ;  obedience  ;  tax. 

Dwarf,  n.  A  person  or  plant 
beiow  the  common  size.  — 
V.  t.  To  hinder  from  grow- 
ing. —  a.  Below  the  natural 
size. 

Dwarfish,  a.  Below  the  usual 
size  ;  little  ;  low. 

Dwfell,  V.  [imp.  DWELLED, 

DWELT.]  To  live  in  a  place ; 

to  inhabit ;  to  reside. 
DwglPing,  n.  A  mansion. 
Dwm'dle,  V.  i.    To  become 

less  ;  to  fall  away. 
Dye,  V.  t.  To  color ;  to  stain. 

—  n.  Coloring  liquor ;  tinge. 


&,  S,  1, 5,  ii, long;  S,    Y,  6,  tt,  j^,  short ;  cSre,  car,  &sk,  all,  wh^t ;  gre,  veil,  t5rm ;  pique,  firm  i 


DYEING 


95 


EDGE 


Dye'ing  (11),  p.  pr.  Staining. 

—  n.  Art  of  coloring  cloths. 
Dy'er,  n.  One  whose  trade  is 

to  color  cloths,  &c. 
Dy'ing  (12), Expiring. 

—  p.  a.  Pertaining  to  death. 
Dy-n3an'i€S,  n.  sing.  That 


branch  of  mechanics  which 
treats  of  bodies  in  motion. 

Dy'nas-ty,  n.  A  race  of  kings 
cf  the  same  family. 

Dys'en-ter^y,  n.  A  bloody 
discharge  from  the  bowels, 
attended  with  griping  pains. 


Dys-pSp'sy,  )  n.  Indiges- 
Dys-p6p'si-a, )  tion,  or  diffi- 
culty of  digestion. 
Dys-pep'ti€,  a.  Afflicted  with 
indigestion  or  relating  to  it. 
—  n.  A  person  afflicted  with 
dyspepsy. 


E. 


EACH,  a.   Every  one  sepa- 
_  rately. 
Ea'ger,  a.  Keenly  desirous. 
Ea'gle  (18), 
n.    A  bird- 
of  prey  ;  a 
_  gold  coin. 
Ea'glet,  n. 
A    young  Eagle, 
eagle. 

Ear,  n.  The  organof  hearing ; 

a  spike  of  corn.  — v.  i.  To 
^  shoot  into  ears. 
£arl,  n.  A  nobleman  ranking 
^  below  a  marquis. 
EarPdom,  n.  Dignity  of  an 
_  carl. 

Ear'less,  a.  Without  ears. 

£ar'li-ness,  n.  State  of  being 

_  early  ;  geasonableness. 

Ear'Iy,  a.  Being  in  good  time 
or  season  ;  soon.  —  adv. 

^  Soon  ;  in  good  time. 

Earn,  v.  t.  To  gain  by  labor. 

fiar'nest,  a.  Eager  ;  diligent. 
—  n.  Seriousness  ;  pledge. 

fiarn'ingg,  n.pl.  The  rewards 

_  of  service.  [ear. 

Ear'-nng,  n.   Jewel  for  the 

Earth,  n.  Mold  or  fine  par- 
ticles of  the  globe  ;  the 
world  ;  land  ;  country. 

fiarth'en,  a.   Made  of  earth 

_  or  clay.  [earth. 

Earth'ly,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Earth'quake,  n.  A  shaking 
or  trembling  of  the  earth. 

fiarth'y,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 

_  relating  to,  earth. 

Ear'- wax,  n.  A  thick  matter 

_  secreted  in  the  ear. 

Ear'wig,  n.  An  insect. 

Ea§e,  n.  Freedom  from  pain  ; 


Easel. 


rest ;  facility,  -r—  v.  t. 

relieve  from  pain. 
Ea'§el  («/zl),  71.  A 
_  painter's  frame. 
Eage'ment,  n. 

Ease  ;  relief. 
Ea'§i-ly,o.i/t'.With 
_  ease  ;  gently. 
Ea'gi-ness,  n. 

State    of  being 
_  easy  ;  ease. 

East,  n.    Quarter  where  the 
sun  rises.  —  a.  From  or  to- 
_  ward  the  rising  sun. 
East'er,  n.  Feast  of  Christ's 
_  resurrection. 

East'er-ly,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  east.  —  adv.  Toward  the 

_  cast.  [the  east. 

East'ern,  a.  Being  in  or  from 

East'ward,  adv.  Toward  the 
east. 

£a'§y,  a.  Free  from  anxiety ; 
_  not  difficult. 

Eat,  V.  [imp.  ATE  ;  p.  p. 
EAT,  EATEN.]  To  take 
food  ;  to  feed  ;  to  consume  ; 

_  to  corrode. 

Eat'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  eaten. 

_  —  71.  Any  thing  to  be  eaten. 

Eaveg,  w.  pL  Edges  of  a  roof. 

Eave§'dr6p-per,  n.  An  in- 
sidious listener. 

Ebb  {S),v.  i.  To  flow  back  ; 
to  decay  ;  to  decline.  —  n . 

^  Reflux  of  the  tide  ;  decline. 

Ebb'-tide,  n.  Reflux  of  a  tide. 

Eb'on,  a.  Like  ebony. 

Eb'on-y,  n.  A  hard,  heavy 
wood,  generally  black. 

E-brPe-ty,  n.  Drunkenness. 

£b/ul-li'tion  (-lish^un),  n. 
Act  of  boiling. 


E-C-gSn'tri-C,     )  a.  Deviating 

E-e-Qen'tri€-al, )     from  the 

^  center ;  irregular. 

E€'Qen-triQ'i-ty,  n.  Devia- 
tion from  the  center  ;  ir- 
regularity, [man. 

E€-€le/§i-as'ti€,  n.  A  clergy- 

E€-€le'§i-as'ti€,     I  a.  Per- 

E<;-€le^si-as'ti-c-al, )  tuiuiug 
to  the  church  or  clergy. 

fi^h'o  (18),  n.  A  sound  re- 
flected or  reverberated.  — 
V.  i.  or  t.  To  reverberate 
or  resound. 

E-elat'  (e-klaO,  n.  Striking 
effect ;  applause  ;  renown. 

E€-le«'ti€,  a.  Selecting. 

E€-16€'ti-Qism,  71.  The  prac- 
tice of  selecting  from  difler- 
ent  systems. 

E-cHpse',  71.  Obscuration  of 
the  lightof  a  heavenly  body. 
—  V.  t.   To  darken. 

E-elip'ti€,  n.  Apparent  path 

^  of  the  sun. 

E€'16gue,  n.  A  pastoral  poem. 
E/€0-n6m'i-e-al,  a.    Saving  ; 

frugal ;  thrifty.  [frugal. 
E-c6n'o-mist,  n.  One  who  is 
E-€6n'o-mize,  v.  t.    To  use 

with  economy.  —  v.  i.  To 

be  economical. 
E-«6n'o-my,  n.   Frugal  use 

of  money  or  means ;  manage- 
^  ment  of  any  undertaking. 
E-e'sta-sy,  ti.  Excessive  joy  ; 

rapture  ;  enthusiasm. 
E-e-stat'i€,  a.  Transporting. 
fi€''u-men'i-e-al,  a.  General, 
fid'dy  (19),  n.  Circular  mo- 
tion of  water. —f.  t.  To 

move  as  in  an  eddy. 
Edge,  n.    Sharp  side ;  keen- 


Bon,  6r,  dQ,  w^lf,  tob,  tcfok ;  <im,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,     soft;  «,  g,  hard;      ;  exist;  0  as  ng  ;  this. 


EDGED 


96 


ELECT 


ness  ;   brink.  —  v.   t.  To 

sliarpen. 
"Edged  (tyd),  a.  Sharp. 
Edg'ing,  n.    A  narrow  lace  ) 
^  a  border.  [sirument. 
£dge'-tobl,  n.  A  cutting  in- 
Edge'wige,  adv.    In  the  di- 
^  rection  of  the  edge. 
Ed'i-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  eaten. 
E'di-et,  n .  A  law  promulgated ; 
^  a  decree. 

£;d/i-fi-ea'tion,  n.    A  build- 
^  ing  up ;  instruction,  [ure. 
Ed'i-fiQe,  n.    A  large  struct- 
Ed'i-fy,  V.  t.    To  build  up  or 
_  instruct ;  to  improve. 
E'dlle,  n.    A  Roman  magis- 
^  trate.  [lication. 
fid'it,  V.  t.  To  prepare  for  pub- 
E-di'tion  (-djsh/un),  M.  Im- 
^  pression  of  a  book. 
!Ed'i-tor,  n.  One  who  edits,  or 
^  prepares  for  publication. 
Edd-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
^  an  editor.  [an  editor. 

Ed'i- tor-ship,  n.  Business  of 
Ed'u-cate,  v.  t.  To  bring  up. 

—  Syn.  To  instruct ;  train  ; 
^  teach.  [cates. 
Ed'u-ea/tor,n.  One  whoedu- 
fid^u-ca'tion,  n.  Instruc- 
^  tion ;  formation  of  manners. 
Ed/u-ca'tion-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  education. 
E-duge',  v.  t.  To  draw  out;  to 
elicit ;  to  extract,  [like  fish. 
Eel  {18),  n.  A  kind  of  snake- 
Ef-fage',  v.  t.  To  scratch  or 
rub  out ;  to  erase,  [facing. 
Ef-fage'inent,  n.    Act  of  ef- 
Ef-fe€t^  n.    That  which  i? 
done  ;  result ;  {pi.)  goods.  — 
v.t.  To  bring  to  pass ;  to  ac- 
complish. 
Ef-fe-ct'ive,  a.  Able  for  serv- 
ice. —  Syn.   Efficient  ;  effi- 
cacious ;  active. 
Ef-fe-et'u-al,  a.  Producing 
effect.  [effect. 
Ef-fe-et'u-al-ly,  adv.  With 
Ef-fe€t'u-ate,  v.  t.   To  bring 
to  pass.  [delicacy. 
Ef-f6m'i-na-Qy,  n.  Womanish 
Ef-fem'i-nate,a.  Womanish; 

weak  ;  unmanly. 
Ef/fer-v6sge',  v.  i.    To  boil 
gently  and  throw  out  an 
elastic  gas. 


Ef/fer-ves'genge,  n.   Act  of 

^  effervescing. 

Ef/fer-ves'Qent,  a.  Gently 

boHing  or  bubbling. 
Ef-fete',  a.  Barren  ;  worn  out. 
Ef^fi-ca'cious,a.  Productive 
^  of  effects.  [duce. 
Ef'fi-ca-gy,  n.  Power  to  pro- 
Ef-fi'cien-gy  (-fish/en-),  n. 

Power  of  producing  effect. 
Ef-fPcient    (-tish/ent),  a. 

Producing  effect.  [person. 
£f'fi-gy  (19),  n.    Image  of  a 
Ef  flo-resge',  v.  i.  To  form  a 
mealy  powder  on  the  sur- 
face. 

f;f' flo-res'genge,  n.  Act  of 
efflorescing  ;  production  of 
flowers ;  time  of  flowering  ; 

^  an  eruption. 

Ef/flo-res'gent,  a.  Shooting 

^  out  like  flowers. 

Ef  flu-enge,  n.  A  flowing  out. 

Ef-flu'vi-um,  n.  {pi.  Ef-flu'- 
vi-a,  25.)  Exhalations  from 

^  putrefying  substances. 

Efflux,  n.  A  flowing  out ; 
effusion. 

Effort  (ef furt),  n.  Exertion 
of  strength  ;  endeavor. 

Ef-front'er-y,  n.  Impudence. 

Ef-fiil'genge,  n.  A  flood  of 
light ;  luster. 

Ef-ful'gent,  a.  Shining  with 
a  flood  of  light ;  luminous. 

Ef-fu§e',  V.  t.  To  pour  out. 

Ef-fu'sion,  n.  A  pouring  out. 

Ef-fu'sive,  a.   Pouring  out. 

Eft,  n.  A  kind  of  lizard. 

Egg  (3),  n.  A  body  formed 
in  the  females  of  birds,  and 
some  other  animals,  from 
which  their  young  is  pro- 
duced. 

Eg'lan-tme,  n.    The  sweet- 

_  brier  ;  the  honeysuckle. 

E'go-ti§m,  n.  Self-commen- 
dation ;  vanity. 

E'go-tist,  n.  One  always 
talking  of  himself. 

E/go-tist'i-e,     la.  Addicted 

E/go-tist'i-e-al,  )  to  egotism  ; 
conceited  ;  full  of  self. 

E-gre'gious  (-gre/jus),  a. 
Remarkable ;  extraordinary. 

E-gre'gious-ly,  adv.  Enor- 
_  mously  ;  remarkably. 

E'gress,  ti.  Act  of  going  out. 


E-grSs'sion  (-gresh^un),  n. 

_  Act  of  going  out ;  egress. 
E'gret,  n.    The  lesser  white 
heron.  [to  Egypt. 

E-gyp'tian,  a.  Pertaining 

Ei'der-down  (i/der-),n.  Soft 
feathers  of  the  eider  duck. 

Eight  (jit),  a.    Twice  four. 

Eigh'teen  (a^teen),  n.  Ten 
and  eight ;  twice  nine. 

Eighth  (atth),  a.  Next  after 
the  seventh. 

Eighth'ly  (atth^ly),  adv.  In 

_  the  eighth  place. 

Ei'tiier  (either  or  Fther),  a. 
or  pron.  One  or  the  other ; 
one  of  two  ;  each.  [out. 

E-ja-c'u-late,  v.  t.   To  throw 

E-j3,€''u-la'tion,  n.  A  short 
exclamation  or  prayer. 

E-ja€'u-la-to-ry,  a.  Sudden- 
ly darted  out. 

E-je€t',  V.  t.    To  cast  out. 

E-je-e'tion,n.  A  casting  out. 

E-je€t'ment,  n.     Ejection  ; 

^  a  writ  to  gain  possession. 

£ke,  V.  t.  To  increase;  to 
lengthen.  —  adv.  Also  ; 
moreover,  [duce  with  labor. 

E-lab'o-rate,  v.  t.    To  pro- 

E-lab'o-rate,  a.  Finished  with 
great  care.  [elaborating. 

E-lab''o-ra'tion,  n.   Act  of 

E-l&pse',  V.  i.  To  pass  away. 

E-las'ti-c,  a.  Having  elastici- 

_  ty .  —  n.  A  kind  of  garter. 

E/las-tig'i-ty,n.  The  proper- 
ty by  which  bodies  recover 
a  former  state  after  being 
bent  or  compressed. 

E-late',  a.  Flushed  with 
success.  — V.  t.   To  puff  up. 

E-la'tion,  n.  Elevation  of 
mind  ;  vanitv ;  pride. 

El'b5w  (18),  n.  The  bend  of 
the  arm.  —  v.     To  push 

^  with*  the  elbow,  [with  arms. 

El'bow-chair,  w.    A  chair 

Eld'er,  a.  Having  lived 
longer.  —  n.  An  older  per- 
son ;  an  ecclesiastical  officer ; 

^  a  kind  of  tree. 

Eld'er-ly,  a.   Somewhat  old. 

Eld'est,  a.  Oldest. 

EPe-cam-pane',  n.  A  plant 
whose  root  has  a  pungent 
taste. 

E-16€t',  V.  t.    To  choose  for 


a,  e, T,  o,  u,  5^,  long ;  S,  6,  i,  o, ii, y ,  short ;  cSre,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  vgU,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


ELECTION 


97 


EMBASSY 


office  ;  to  prefer.  — a.  Chos- 
en. —  n.    One  chosen. 

E-16€'tion,  n.  Power  of 
choosing ;  choice. 

E-lgo'tion-eer',  t>.  t.  To 
make  interest  for  office. 

E-16€t'ive,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
regulated  by,  choice. 

E-le€t'or,  n.  One  who  elects 
or  has  the  right  of  voting. 

E-16€t'or-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  an  elector  or  to  elections. 

E-le-e'tri€,      I  a.  Pertaining 

E-le€'tri€-al,  J  to  electricity. 

E^le€-tri'cian  (-trish^an),  n. 
One  versed  in  electricity. 

"B^le-c-triQ'i-ty,  n.  A  subtle 
natural  agent  or  power ;  sci- 
ence that  treats  of  this  agent. 

r  lee'tri  fy,  v.  t.  To  com- 
jiunicate  electricity  to  ;  to 
excite. 

E-16€'tro-mag''net-i§ni,  n. 
Magttetisni  produced  or  af- 
fected by  electricity. 

E-l§€'tro-type,  n.  A  fac- 
simile in  metal  deposited  by 
an  electro -chemical  process. 

E-le€t'u-a-ry,  n.  A  me- 
dicinal confection  made  of 
powders. 

£pee-m6s'y-na-ry,  a.  Given 

^  in,  or  living  on,  charity. 

El'e-ganj5e,  n.  Quality  of 
being  elegant;  beauty  pro- 

^  duced  by  training  and  art. 

El'e-gant,  a.  Pleasing  by 
acquired  beauty  or  grace. 

E-le'gi-a€,  or  £pe-gPa€,  a. 
Belonging  to,  or  used  in, 

-  elegy.  [egy. 

EPe-gi'a€-al,  a.    Used  in  el- 

fil'e-gist,  n.  Writer  of  elegies. 

El'e-gy,  n.    A  funeral  poem. 

EFe-ment,  n.  Constituent 

^  part  of  a  thing,  [elements. 

EFe-mSnt'al,  a.   Relating  to 

EPe-ment'a-ry,  a.  Primary. 

EPe-phant, 
The  largest  of 
quadrupeds. 

El'e-vate,  v.  t. 
To  raise  to  a 
higher  place.  „ 
—  S Y  N.    To  exalt  ;"elate. 

EFe-va'tion,  n.   Act  of  rais- 

^  ing  ;  a  high  station. 

El'e-va^tor,  n.    One  who,  or 


•y,tt.  irrimary. 
Elephant. 


that  which,  elevates  ;  a  con- 
trivance for  lifting  grain. 

E-lev'en,  n.    Ten  and  one. 

Elf,n.  (p^.  Elves,  20.)  Adi- 

^  minutive  spirit. 

Elfin,  I  a.     Pertaining  to 

Elfish,  j  elves. 

E-liQ'it,  V.  L    To  draw  forth. 

EFi-gi-bil'i-ty,  n.  Fitness  to 

^  be  chosen  to  office. 

El'i-gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing elected ;  desirable. 

E-lim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  cause 
to  disappear  from  an  equa- 
tion ;  to  set  aside  as  unim- 
portant j  to  deduce. 

E-liS'ion,  n.  The  cutting  off 
ofli  vowel. 

E-lix'ir,  n.  A  compound  tinct- 
ure or  medicine. 

Elk,  n.  A 
species  of 
stag. 

fill  (1),  n. 
A  measure 
of  different 
lengths. 
The  Eng-  Elk. 
lish  ell  is  forty -five  inches. 

El-lipse',»t.  An 
oval  figure. 

El-lip'sis,  n.  {pi. 
El-lip'se§.)  In 
grammar  ^     the  Ellipse, 
omission  of  a  word  or  phrase. 

El-lip'ti€,      I  a.  Oval ;  hav- 

El-lip'ti€-al,  )  ing  a  part 
omitted 

fiFlip-tig'i-ty,  n.  Deviation 
from  the  form  of  a  circle  or 

^  sphere. 

Elm,  n.  A  kind  of  shade- 
tree. 

EPo-€u'tion,  n.  Pronuncia- 

^  tion  or  delivery  of  words. 

EPo-cu'tion-a-ry,  a.  Relat- 

^  ing  to  elocution. 

EFo-^ju'tion-ist,  n.  One  who 
is  versed  in  elocution. 

E  16n'gate  (-long/gate),  v.  t. 

_  To  draw  out  in  length. 

E^lon-ga'tion,  n.  A  lengthen- 
ing ;  distance. 

E-16pe',  V.  i.  To  run  away 
with  a  lover. 

E-lope'ment,  n.  A  departure 

^  clandestinely. 

fil'o-quenge,    n.  Beauty, 


power,  and  appropriateneM 
^  of  language. 

EPo-quent,  a.  Speaking  with 

eloquence  or  elegance. 
Else,  pron.  Other ;  beside.  — 
^  adv.  Otherwise. 
Else'whSre,  adv.    In  somt 

other  place. 
E-lu'gi-date,  v.  t.  To  explain. 
E-lu^Qi-da'tion,  n.  Explana- 
tion, [elucidates. 
E-lu'gi-da'tor,  n.   One  who 
E-lude',  V.  t.    To  escape  by 
sti-atagcm.  — Syn.  To  avoid; 
shun;  evade;  flee.  [sion. 
E-lu'§ion,  n.     Escap«  ;  eva- 
E-lu'sive,  a.     Tending  to 

elude ;  eluding. 
fiPvish,  a.  Relating  to  elves; 

elfish.     [Elysium  ;  blissful. 
E-ly§'ian,  a.    Pertaining  to 
E-ly§'i-um   (-lizh^-um),  «. 
In  mythology^  the  abode  of 
the  good  after  death  ;  any 
delightful  place. 
E-ma'ci-ate  (-ma/shl-),  v.  i. 

To  lose  flesh. 
E-ma'ci-a'tion  ( -shT-a^shun), 

n.    Act  of  becoming  lean. 
Em'a-nant,  a.  Emanating; 

issuing.  [forth. 
Em'a-nate,  v.  i.  To  flow 
Em/a-na'tion,  n.    A  flowing 

forth  ;  that  which  flows. 
E-man'Qi-pate,  v.  t.  To  free 

from  servitude. 
E-man^Qi-pa'tion,  tt.  Act  of 
emancipating.  —  Syn.  Lib- 
eration ;  release ;  freedom. 
E-man'gi-pa'tor,  n.  One  who 

frees  from  slavery. 
Em-balm'  (-bamO,  v.  t.  To 
impregnate  with  aromatics. 
Em-bank',  v.  t.   To  inclose 
with  a  bank.         [or  bank. 
Em-b^nk'ment,  n.  A  mound 
Em-baf'go  (18),  n.  Prohibi- 
tion of  vessels  from  sailing. 
Em-bark',  v.  t.   To  enter  on 
^  board  ;  to  engage, 
fim/bar-ka'tion,  n.  A  going 
on  boar'l.  [plex. 
Em-bar'rass,  v.  t.    To  per- 
Em-bar'rass-ment,  n.  Per* 
plexity ;  pecuniary  distress. 
Em-bas'sa-dor,  n.  A  public 
^  minister  of  the  first  rank. 
Em'bas-sy,  n.    Duty  of  an 


«<5n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  tdo^  took ;  Qrn,  rije,  pyll ;  9,     soft ;     g.  hard;  a§  ;  exist :  fi  as  ng ; 
7 


this. 


EMBED 

embassador ;  persons  sent  as 
euibassadors.  [a  bed. 

Em-bed',  ^•.  t.  To  lay  as  in 
Em-bel'lish,  v.  t.    To  make 

beautiful  by  adornment. 
Em-bel'lish-ment,  w.  Act  of 
^  adorning  ;  decoration. 
Em'berg,  n.pl.  Hot  cinders. 
Em-bez'zle,  v.  t.    To  appro- 
priate by  breach  of  trust. 
Em-bez'zle -ment,  n.  Unlaw- 
ful appropriation  of  what  is 
intrusted  to  one's  care. 
Em-bla'zon,  v.  t.    To  adorn 
with  figures  of  heraldry  ;  to 
deck  in  glaring  colors. 
Em-bla'zon-ry,  n.  Display  of 

figures  on  shields. 
Em'blem.,  n.   A  picture  or 
representation    ^  imaging 
forth  a  truth  4  "a  type. 
Em/blem-at'i«,     I  a.  Com- 
Em/blem-at'i-e-al, )  prising 

an  emblem. 
Em-b6d'y,  v.  t.To  form  into 

a  body  ;  to  incorporate. 
Em-bold'en,  v.  t.   To  give 

courage  to. 
Em-bon-point'  (ong^bong^ 
pwong'),  n.    Plumpness  of 
person.  [protuberances. 
Em-boss',  v.t.  To  adorn  with 
Em-bou-Qhure'  (ong/bob/- 
shyr'),  n.  Mouth  of  a  river 
cannon,  &c.  ;  mouth-hole 
of  a  flute,  &c. 
Em-bow'el  (8),  v. To  take 
out  the  bowels  of.  [a  bower, 
Em-bow'er, v.t.  To  place  in 
Em-brage',  v.  i.   To  clasp  in 
the  arms  ;  to  comprise.  — 
V.  i.  To  join  in  an  embrace. 
—  n.    Clasp  with  the  arms. 
Em-brage'ment,  n.  A  clasp ; 

a  hug  ;  an  embrace. 
Em-bra'sure 
(-briVzhiir), 
w.  An  open- 
ing in  a  wall 
through 
which  can- 

non  are  inu  parapet, 
pointed. 
^:m'b^o-eate,^^  t.  To  moisten 
and  rub,  as  a  diseased  part. 
£m'l3ro-ea'tion,  n.  A  moist- 
ening and  rubbing  with 
cloth,  &c.,  a  diseased  part. 


imbrace. 
E  E,  Embrasures 


Em-broid'er,  v.  t.   To  cover 
with    ornamental  needle- 
work, [needle-work. 
Em-brcid'er-y ,  n.  Yariegated 
Em-broil'  (8),  v.       To  dis- 
turb ;  to  confuse. 
Em'bry-o  (18),  n.  First  rudi- 
ments of  an  animal  or  plant. 
Em^en-da'tion,  n.  Correc- 
tion. 

Em'en-daaor,  n.    One  who 
corrects  or  improves,  [ing. 
E-mend'a-to-ry,  a.  Amend- 
Em'er-ald,  n.    A  precious 

stone  of  a  green  color. 
E-merge',  v.  i.  To  rise  out  of 
a  fluid. 

E-mer'gen-gy,  n.    A  rising 
out  of  a  fluid ;  a  sudden  oc- 
casion ;  pressing  necessity. 
E-mer'gent,a.  Rising  out  of 
a  fluid  or  the  like.  [of. 
E-mer'sion,  71.    A  rising  out 
Em'er-y,  n.   A  mineral  used 

in  polishing. 
E-met'i€,  a.  Producing  vom- 
iting. —  n.  A  medicine  that 
causes  vomiting.  [grates 
Em'i-grant,  n.  One  who  emi^ 
Em'i-grate,  i'.  i-  To  remove 
from  one  country  or  state  to 
^  another  for  residence. 
Em'i-gra'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
moving to  another  country. 
Em'i-nenge,  n.  Loftiness  ;  dis- 
tinction ;  a  title  of  cardinals. 
Em'i-neiit,   a.     Exalted  in 
rank  or  public  estimation  ; 
distinguished  ;  conspicuous. 
Em'i-nent-ly,  adv.  Conspicu- 
ously ;  in  a  high  degree. 
Elm'is-sa-ry,  n.  Secret  agent. 
E-mis'sion    (-mish^un),  n. 

Act  of  sending  out. 
E-mit'(7),  ^^  f.  To  send  out. 
fim'met,  n.  An  ant. 
E-m61'li-ate,  v.  t.  To  soften. 
E-moll'ient,  a.  Softening. 
E-mol'u-ment,  n.  Profit; 

advantage  ;  gain  in  general. 
E-m6'tion,  n.  Excitement  of 

the  feelings ;  agitation 
Em-pale',  v.  t.   To  inclose 
with  pickets ;  to  fix  on 
stake.  [paling. 
Em-pale'ment,  w.  Act  of  em 
Em-p6r'il,  v.  t.    To  put  in 
peril. 


ENAMEL 

Em'per-or,  n.  Sovereign  of  an 
^  empire. 

Em'pha-Sis,  n.  Eorce  of  voice 
^  given  to  particular  words. 
Em'pha-size,  v.  t.    To  utter 

with  a  stress  of  voice. 
Em-phat'i-e,      \  a.  Forcible ; 
Em-phat'i<5-al,  j       strong ; 

uttered  with  emphasis. 
Em-phat'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  With 
^  emphasis  or  force ;  forcibly. 
Em'pire,  n.  Dominions  of  an 
emperor.  ^  [A  quack. 
Em-pir'i€,  or  Em'pir-i€,  n. 
Em-pir'i-e-al,  a.    Used  and 

applied  without  science. 
Em-pir'i-Qigm,  n.  Quackery. 
Em-ploy',  V,  t.  To  use  ;  to 
exercise.  [employs. 
Em-ploy'er,  n.  One  who 
Em-ploy 'ment,  n.  Busine&<' ; 

service  ;  occupation  ;  agency. 
Em-p5'ri-um,  n.  A  place  of 
merchandise  ;  a  mart.  [ize. 
Em-pow'er,  v.  t.  To  author- 
Em'press,  n.  Wife  of  an  em, 
peror,  or  a  woman  who  gov- 
erns an  empire. 
Em-pri§e',  n.  Enterprise. 
Emp'ti-ness,  n.     State  of 

being  empty ;  vacuity. 
Emp'ty  (13),  a.   Void;  not 
filled. — V.   To  exhaust;  to 
make  void.  [beer,&c. 
Emp'ty-ing§,  n.pl.    Lees  of 
Em-pj^r'e-al,  a.    Formed  of 

pure  fire  or  light. 
Em^py-re'an,  n.  The  highest 
heaven,  thought  by  the  an- 
cients to  be  of  pure  fire.  — 
a.    Empyreal.  [equal. 
Em'u-late,  v.  t.    To  strive  to 
5m/u-la'tion,  n.  Ilivalry. 
Em'u-la'tive,  a.  Inclined  to 

contend  for  superiority, 
fim'u-lous,  a.  Kivaling. 
E-mul'sion,  n.   A  softening 

medicine. 
E-mul'sive,  a.  Mollifying. 
En-a'ble,  v.  t.  To  make  able. 
En-a-et',  V.  t.    To  establish 
by  law.     [a  bill  into  a  law. 
En-a,€t'ment,  n.    Passage  of 
En-a€t'or,  n.  One  who  enacts. 
En-a.m'el,  n.    Substance  im- 
perfectly vitrified  ;  smooth, 
hard  covering  of  the  teeth. 
•   V.  t.  To  cover  with  enameL 


5,0,1,  o,  a,  y ,  Ions ;    e, T ,  6,  tl,     short ;  care,  car,  iifik,  all, >vh?t ;  ore, veU,  term ;  pique,  fin-,  j 


ENAMOR 


99 


ENJOIN 


En-3,m'or,  v.  t.  To  inflame 
with  love  ;  to  make  fond. 

En-€amp',  v.  To  form,  or 
form  into,  a  camp. 

En-€amp'ment,  n. .  Act  of 
pitching  tent.**  or  forming  a 
camp  ;  a  camp. 

En-€aus'ti€,  a.  orn.  Paint- 
ing in  heated  or  burnt  wax. 

En-chain',  v.  t.  To  fasten 
with,  or  hold  in,  a  chain. 

En-chant',  v.  t.    To  charm. 

En-chant'ment,  n.  Fascina- 
tion ;  irresistible  inflnence. 

En  chant'ress,  n.  A  woman 
who  enchants. 

En-Qhase',  v.  t.  To  adorn  by 
embossed  work. 

En-gir'-ele,  v.  t.  To  inclose  by 
a  circle. —  Syn.  To  embrace  ; 
encompass;  surround. 

En-clit'i-c,     )  a.  Inclining 

En-elit'i€-al,  j  or  leaning 
upon. 

En-clo§e',  v.  t.  See  Inclose. 

En-<;6'mi-ast,  n.  One  who 
praises  another. 

En-eo/mi-ast'i-e,  a.  Contain- 
ing praise.  [gyric. 

En-eo'mi-um  (18),  w.  Pane- 

En-€6in'pass,  v.  t.  To  shut 
in  ;  to  inclose. 

En-€ore'  (ong-korO-  A  word 
used  to  call  for  a  repetition 
of  some  performance. 

En-€Oun'ter,  n.  A  sudden 
meeting  ;  combat.  —  v.  t. 
To  meet  face  to  face  or  sud- 
denly .  —  V.  i.  To  meet,  es- 
pecially as  enemies. 

En-eour'age,  v.  t.  To  give 
cour?ge  to.  [citement. 

En-eoiir'age-ment,  n.  In- 

En-€otir'a  ging,  a.  Favoring. 

En-eroach',  v.  i.  To  intrude 
on  another's  rights. 

En-eroach'ment,  n.  Unlaw- 
ful intrusion ;  inroad. 

En-cum'ber,  v.  t.  To  impede 
action  by  a  load  or  burden. 

En-cum'brange,  n.  A  load  ; 
clog ;  burden  on  an  estate. 

En-gy-c'li-e-al,  a.  Sent  to 
many  persons  ;  circular. 

En-gyz-elo-pe'di-a,  I  n.  A 

En-Qy^-elo-psB'di-a,  )  work 
that  embodies  the  whole  cir- 
cle of  sciences. 


En-Qyst'ed,  a.  Inclosed  in  a 

^  cyst. 

End,  n.  Extreme  point:  ulti- 
mate object ;  close  ;  death. 
—  V.  ?'.  To  come  or  bring 
to  an  end  ;  to  terminate. 

EA-dan'ger,  v.  t.    To  put  to 

,  hazard.  [dear. 

En-dear',  v.  t.     To  render 

En-dear'ment,  n.  That 
which  excites  affection. 

En-deav'or  (33),  n.  Effort ; 
attempt.  —  v.  i.    To  try. 

En-d6m'i€,  a.    Peculiar  to  a 

^  country  or  people. 

End'ing,  n.  Termination. 

End'less,  a.   Having  no  end. 

En-dorse',  v.  t.  See'  Indorse. 

En-dow',  V.  t.  To  furnish 
with  dower,  or  with  a  fund. 

En-dow'ment,  n.  Act  of 
settling  a  fund  ;  dower ;  tal- 
ents,    [endow.    See  Indue. 

En-due',  v.  t.    To  invest ;  to 

En-dur'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable 
of  being  endured  or  borne. 

En-diir'anQe,  n.  Sufferance. 

En-dure',  v.  i.    To  continue. 

^  — V.  t.  To  bear  or  undergo. 

En'e-my  (19),  n.   A  foe  ;  an 

^  adversary. 

En^er-get'l-e,     )  a.  Operat- 

En/er-g6t'i€-al,  (  ing  with 
vigor.  —  Syn.  Forcible  ;  po- 

^  tent ;  active  ;  vigorous. 

En'er-gize,  v.  To  act  or  em- 

^  ploy  with  energy. 

En'er-gy,  n.  Internal 
strength  ;  force  of  expres- 
sion. —  Syn.   Yigor ;  spirit. 

E-ner'vate,  v.t.  To  deprive 
of  nerve  or  strength. 

En/er-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
weakening. 

En-fee'ble,  v.  t.  To  weaken. 

En-fee'ble-ment,  n.  A  weak- 
ening ;  enervation. 

En-feoff'  (-tef/),  v.t.    To  in- 

^  vest  vvith  a  fee. 

En/fi-lade',  n.  A  straight 
line.  —  V.  t.  To  rake  with 
shot  through  the  whole 
length  of.  [execution. 

En-forge',  v.  t.    To  put  in 

En-f5rQe'ment  (10),  n.  Act 
of  enforcing  ;  compulsion. 

En-fran'chise  (-chiz),  v.  t. 
To  set  free." 


En-fran'chT§e-ment,  n.  Act 
of  setting  free. 

En-gage',  v.  To  bind;  to 
enlist ;  to  encounter. 

En-gaged',  a.  Promised. 

En-gage'ment,  n.  Promise; 
obligation  ;  a  battle. 

En-gag'ing,  a.  Attractive; 
wiiming. 

En-gen'der,  v.  t.    To  beget; 

^  to  procreate  ;  to  produce. 

En'glne,  n.    An  instrument 

^  of  action  ;  machine. 

En'gin-eer',  n.  One  skilled  in 
mathematics  and  mechan- 
ics, and  who  superintends 
works  for  military  or  civil 

^  objects.  [engineer. 

En'gin-eer'ing,  n.  Art  of  an 

En'gme-ry,n.  A  combination 
of  engines. 

En-gird',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

ENGIRDED,  ENGIRT.]  To 
encompass;  to  encircle. 

En'glish  (ing/glish),  a.  Per- 
taining to  England.  —  n. 
The  people  or  the  language 
of  England.  [grain. 

En-gr3,in',  v.  t.    To  dye  in 

En-grave',  v.  t.  [ivip.  en- 
graved;;?,  p.  engrav- 
en.] To  cut  with  a  chisel 
or  graver.  [graves. 

En-grav'er,  n.  One  who  en- 

En-grav'ing,  n.  The  art  of 
engraving;  that  which  is 
engraved. 

En-gross',  v.  t.  To  seize  or 
buy' the  whole  of;  to  ab- 
sorb ;  to  copy  in  a  large, 
fair  hand. 

En-gross'er,  n.  A  monopoliz- 
er ;  one  who  writes  a  large, 
fair  hand. 

En-grcss'ment,  n.  Act  of 
engrossing ;  exorbitant  ac- 
quisition. 

En-giilf',  V.  t.  To  throw  in- 
to, or  absorb  in,  a  gulf. 

En-hange',  v.  t.  To  heighten 
in  price  ;  to  aggravate. 

En-hange'ment,  n.  In- 
crease. 

E-nig'ma  (18),  n.  A  riddle. 
E^nig-mat'l-e,  \  a.  Con- 
E^nig-mat'l^-al,  j   taining  a 

riddle ;  obscure. 
En-join',  v.  t.  To  command  ; 


son,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  too,  t^Tok ;  tlrn,  rije,  pyll ;  f,     soft;     g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  ii  as  ng ;  th^ 


ENJOY 


100 


EPHEMERAL 


to  order  ;  to  forbid  judicial- 
ly- 

En-joy',  V.  t.  To  feel  or  per- 
ceive with  pleasure  ;  to  pos- 
sess, [beiug  enjoyed. 

En-joy'a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

En-joy'ment,  n.  Possession 
with  pleasure ;  fruition. 

En-km'dle,  v.  t.  To  set  on 
fire. 

En-large',  v.  To  swell;  to 
increase;  to  amplify. 

En-large'ment,  n.  Increase 
of  bulk :  release. 

En-light'en  (-IWn),  v.  t.  To 
illuminate ;  to  instruct. 

En-list',  V.  To  enter  on  a 
hst ;  to  enroll.  [listiag. 

En-list'ment,  n.    Act  of  en- 

En-liv'en  (-liv^n),  v.  t.  To 
animate  ;  to  cheer.  [ity. 

£n'mi-ty,  n.  Hatred  ;  hostil- 

En-n5'ble,  v.  t.  To  make 
noble.  [ennobling. 

En-no'ble-ment,  n.   Act  of 

En-nui'  (ong-nweeO,  n.  Las- 
situde; languor. 

E-nor'mi-ty,  n.  Atrocious- 
ness ;  flagitious  villainy. 

E-nor'mous,  a.  Beyond  all 
natural  or  ordinary  limits. 
— Syn.  Immense  ;  excessive. 

E-nor'mous-ly,  adv.  Be- 
yond measure ;  atrociously. 

E  nough'  (e-nuf ),  «•  Suf- 
ficient. —  n.  Sufficiency.  — 
adv.  Sufficiently. 

En-quire',  v.  t.   See  Inquire. 

En-rage',  v.  t.  To  fill  with 
rage  ;  to  provoke  to  fury. 

En-rapt'ure  (-rapt/yijr),  tJ.  t. 
To  throw  into  rapture. 

En-rav'ish,  v.  t.  To  throw 
into  ecstasy  ;  to  enchant. 

En-rich',  v.  t.   To  make  rich. 

En-rich'mGnt,n.  The  state  of 
being  enriched.  [involve. 

En-r511',  v.  t.  To  register  ;  to 

En-roll'ment,  )  n  Aregister- 

En-rol'ment,  j  ing;  record. 

En-sam'ple,  n.  An  example. 

En-s-eonge',  ^^  t.  To  shelter. 

En-shrine',  v.  t.  To  inclose  in 

^  a  chest ;  to  lay  up  choicely. 

En'si-form,  a.  Sword-shaped. 

fin'sign  (on/sIn),  n.  A  stand- 
ard, or  the  officer  that  car- 
ries it ;  a  flag  ;  a  badge. 


En'slgn-gy  (-Rln-),  n.  Rank 
or  commission  of  an  ensign. 

En-slave',  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 
liberty  ;  to  subject. 

En-slave'ment,  n.  Servi- 
tude ;  slavery. 

En-sue',  v.  i-  To  follow  as  a 
consequence  ;  to  succeed. 

En-sure'  (-shijr/),  v.  t.  See 
Insure. 

En-tab'la-ture,  n.  Part  of  a 
column  over  the  capital. 

En-tail',  n.  An  estate  limited 
in  descent.  —  v.  t.  To  settle 
an  estate  so  as  to  descend  to 
a  particular  heir. 

En-tail'ment,  n.  Limitation 
of  an  estate  to  a  particular 
heir. 

En-tan'gle,  v.t.  To  make  in- 
tricate ;  to  perplex ;  to  in- 
volve, [cy. 

En-tarj'gle-ment,  n.  Intrica- 

En'ter  (8),  v.  t.  or  i.  To  go  or 

^  come  in  ;  to  embark  in. 

En'ter-prige,  n.   An  under- 

^  taking  ;  a  bold  attempt. 

En'ter-prig'ing,  a.  Bold  or 
resolute  to  undertake. 

EiVter-tain',  v.  t.    To  treat 

^  with  hospitality  ;  to  amuse. 

Enaer-tain'er,  n.  One  who 
entertains. 

En/ter-tain'ing,a.  Amusing. 

fin^ter-tain'ment,  n.  Hospi- 
tality ;  amusement. 

En-throne',  v.  t.  To  place  on 
a  throne.  [enthroning. 

En-throne'ment,  n.    Act  of 

En-thii'§i-a§m,  n.  Ardent 
zeal  in  respect  to  some  ob- 
ject or  pursuit ;  heat  of  im- 
agination. 

En-thu'§i-a§t,  n.  One  whose 
imagination  is  heated. 

En-tliii^gi-ast'i-e,  a.  Full  of 
enthusiasm.  [evil. 

En-tige',  v.  t.    To  incite  to 

En-tiQe'ment,  n.  The  act  or 
means  of  alluring. 

En-tire',  fl.  Forming  an  un- 
broken whole.  —  Syn.  Com- 
plete ;  unbroken  ;  full.  [ly. 

En-tire'ly,  adv.  Wholly  ;  ful- 

En-tire'ness,  |  n.  Fullness  ; 
j  En-tire'ty,  j  complete- 
ness ;  wholeness,  [right  to. 
I  En-ti'tle,  V.  t.      To  give  a 


En'ti-ty,  n.  Real  existence. 
En- tomb'  (-tobm'),  v.t.  To 
^  deposit  in  a  tomb. 
En/to-moi'o-gist,   n.  One 
^  versed  in  entomology. 
En^to-mdl'D-gy,  n.  Science 
^  or  description  of  insects. 
En'trails,  n.  pi.  The  bowels  ; 
^  intestines.         [coming  in. 
En'trange,  n.    A  going  or 
En-trange',  v.  t.  To  put  into 

a  trance  or  into  ecstasy. 
En-trap',  v.  t.  To  catch  in  a 

trap.  [to  beg. 

En-treat',  v.  t.  To  supplicate ; 
En-treat'y,  n.  Urgent  prayer 
^  or  petition.  [age. 
En'try,  n.  Entrance;  pass- 
En-twine', )  v.  t.  To  twist 
En-twist',  )        round  ;  to 

wreathe.  _  [ber. 
E-nu'mer-ate,  v.  t.  To  num- 
E-nu^mer-a'tion,  n.  A  num- 
bering, [oning  up. 
E-nii'mer-a-tive,  a.  Reck- 
E-nun'ci-ate  (-nun/shi-),  v. 

t.    To  declare  ;  to  utter. 
E-niin'ci-a'tion  (-nun/shi-), 

n.  Utterance  of  words. 
En-vel'op,  v.  t.   To  cover  by 

wrapping  or  folding.  —  n. 
^  A  wrapper.  [cover. 
En'vel-ope,  n.  A  wrapper  ;  a 
En-vel'op-ment,  n.  A  wrap- 
ping or  enfolding. 
En-ven'om,  v.  t.  To  poison. 
En'vi-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
^  exciting  envy  ;  desirable. 
En'vi-ous,  a.  Feeling  envy  ; 
^  full  of  envy.  [envy. 
En'vi-oiis-ly,  adv.  With 
En-vi'ron,  v. To  surround. 
En-vi'ron-ment,  n.   Act  of 

surrounding. 
En-vi'rons,  or  En'vi-rons, 
^  17 .  pi.  Places  around  a  town. 
En'voy,  n.    a  public  minis- 
^  ter  to  a  foreign  court. 
En'vy,  V.  t.    To  repine  at 

another's  good  ;  to  grudge. 

—  n.    Pain  excited  by  an-^ 

other's  prosperity. 
E'pa€t,  n.  Excess  of  the  solar 

month  beyond  the  lunar. 
Ep'au-let,     I  n.    A  knot  or 
Ep'au-lette^  j    badge  worn 

on  the  shoulder. 
E-phSm'e-ral,  a.  Lasting 


R,  C  ,1 , 5,  u,  y,  long ;  5,  6, 6, tt,    short  {  cSre,  car,  ask,  all,  what-;  ore,  veil,  term ;  pVque,  firm ; 


EPHEMERIS 


101 


ERMINE 


but  one  day,  or  for  a  very 

short  time. 
E-phem'e_-ris,  n.  {pi.  Eph^e- 

mer'i-des.)  An  astronomic- 
^  al  almanac.  [Jewish  priests. 
Eph'od,  n.  A  girdle  worn  by 
Ep'i€,  fi.    Containing  heroic 

narration.  —  n.  An  epic  or 
^  heroic  poem. 

Ep'i-eure,  n:    A  luxurious 

^  and  dainty  eater. 

Ep'i-cu're-an,  a.  Luxurious ; 

^  sensual.  —  n.  An  epicure. 

Ep'i-cu-rism,  n.  Devotion  to 
luxurious  living. 

fip^i-dem'ie,     J  a.  Com- 

Ep/i-dem'i€-al,  i  mon ;  gen- 

^  erally  prevailing,  [disease. 

Ep/i-dem'i^;,  n.  A  prevailing- 

Ep'i-der'mis,  n.  The  cuticle. 

£lp''i-gl6t'tis,  n.  A  cartilage 
that  prevents  food  entering 

^  the  wind-pipe.      [ed  poem. 

Ep'i-gram,  n.  A  short,  point- 

Ep'i-gram-mat'i€,     I  ^ 

£p^i-gram-mat'i€-al,  j 

^  Pointed ;  poignant. 

fip/i-gram'ma-tist,   n.  A 

^  dealer  in  epigrams. 

!Ep'i-lep^sy,  n.    The  falling 

^  sickness.  [epilepsy. 

Ep'i-lep'ti€,  a.  Diseased  with 

£p'i-16gue  (-15g),  n.  A  short 
speech  or  poem  after  a  play. 

E-piph'a-ny,  n.  A  festival 
on  the  12th  day  after  Christ- 
mas. 

E-pis'€0-pa-Qy,  n.  Church 

government  by  bishops. 
E-pis'€0-pal,  a.  Pertaining  to 

bishops. 
E-pis^-co-pa'li-an,  n.  One 

who  adheres  to  episcopacy. 
E-pis'€0-pate,  n.  A  bishop- 
^  ric  ;  a  diocese. 
Ep'i-sode,  n.    An  incidental 

narrative ;  a  digression. 
E-pis'tle  (e-pis/l),n.  A  letter. 
E-pis'to-la-ry,  a.  Contained 

in  letters.  [inscription. 
fip'i-t3,ph,  n.  A  monumental 
Ep'i-thet,  n.  An  adjective. 
E-pit'o-me   (18),   n.  An 

abridgment. 
E-pit'o-mist,    )  n.  One  who 
E-pit'o-miz/er, )  abridges. 
E-pit'o-mize,   v.   t.  To 

abridge. 


fip'o-eh,  n.  A  remarkable 
^  period  or  point  of  time. 
Ep'ode,  n.  The  third  or  last 
_  part  of  an  ode. 
E^qua-biPi-ty,n.  Uniformity. 
E'qua-ble,  a.  Equal  and  uni- 
_  form.  [formity. 
E'qua-bly,  adv.  "SMth  uni- 
E'qual,  a.  Like  in  amount  or 
degree;  uniform.  —  n.  One 
of  the  same  age  or  rank.  — 
V.  t.  or  /.  (8)  To  make  or 
become  equal. 
E-qual'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
_  equal ;  uniformity  ;  likeness. 
E'qual-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
_  equalizing.  [equal. 
E'qual-ize,  v.  t.  To  make 
E'qual-ly,  adv.  In  the  same 
_  degree.  [of  mind. 

E^qua-nim'i-ty,  n.  Evenness 
E-qua'tion,  n.  An  expression 
of  the  equality  of  two  quan- 
tities. 

E-qua'tor,  n.    A  great  circle 
_  midway  between  the  poles. 
E^qua-t5'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  equator. 
E-quer'ry,  I  n.  One  who  has 
Eq'ue-ry,  ]    the  care  of  the 

horses  of  nobles  or  princes. 
E-qu6s'tri-an,  a.  Pertaining 
_  to  horses  or  horsemanship. 
E^qui-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
_  equal  angles. 

E''qm-dis'tant,a.  Being  at  the 
_  same  distance,  [sides  equal. 
E^qui-lat'er-al,  a.  Having  the 
E^qui-lib'ri-ty,  n.  Equality 
_  of  weight ;  equilibrium. 
E^qui-lib'ri-um,  n.  Equi- 
_  poise.  [horses, 
E'qmne,  a.  Pertaining  to 
E^qui-no-e'tial,  n.  The  celes- 
tial equator. —  a.  Pertaining 
_  to  the  equinox. 
E'qui-nox,  n.  The  time  when 
the  days  and  nights  are  of 
equal  length,  [arm. 
E-quip',  V.  t.  To  dress  ;  to 
Eq'ui-page,  n.    Retinue,  as 

horses,  carriages,  &c, 
E-quip'ment,  n.  Act  of 
equipping  ;  apparatus  fur- 
_  nished.  [weight  or  force. 
E'qui'poise,  n.  Equality  of 
E^qui-pon'der-ange,  n. 
Equality  of  weight. 


E'qui-p6n'der-ant,  a.  Hav- 

^  ing  the  same  weight. 
Eq'ui-ta-ble,  a.     Giving  or 
disposed  to  give  each  his 
^  due. 

Eq'ui-ta-bly,  adv.  ImpartiaL- 
^  ly  ;  justly. 

Eq'ui-ty  (ek^wl-ty),  n.  Jus- 
tice ;  impartiality. 

E-quiv'a-lenQe,  n.  Equality 
of  value. 

E-quIv'a-lent,  a.  Equal  in 
value.  —  n.  That  which  is 
equal  in  value  or  worth. 

E-quiv'o-eal,a.  Ambiguous  ; 
doubtful. 

E-quiv'o-€ate,  v.  i.  To  use 
words  of  double  meaning. 

E-quiv/o-ea'tion,  n.  Am- 
biguity of  speech. 

E-quiv'o-ea'tor,  »i.  One  who 

^  equivocates. 

Eq'ui-voke,  ]  n.  An  ambig- 
Eq'ui-voque, )  uous  term  ; 
_  a  quibble. 

E'ra  (18),  n.  A  point  or  period 
of  time  from  which  to  com- 
pute. 

E-raMl-a'tion,  n.  Emission 
of  rays  or  beams  of  light. 

E-rM'i-€ate,  v.  t.  To  root 
out,  [rooting  out. 

E-rad^i'€a'tion,  n.   Act  of 

E-ras'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  erased, 

E-rase',  v.  t.  To  blot  out ;  to 
efface  ;  to  rub  or  scrape  out ; 
to  obliterate. 

E-ras'ure  (-ra''zhi]r),  n.  Act  of 

^  erasing  or  rubbing  out. 

Ere  (ar),  a^/r.  Before  ;  sooner 
thsin. —prep.  Before. 

E-re€t',  a.  Upright ;  perpen- 
dicular ;  bold.  —  V.  t.  To 
build ;  to  establish. 

E-re-e'tion,  n.  A  setting  up- 
right ;  act  of  building. 

Jlre'long  (ar/long),  a</tJ.  Be- 
fore a  long  time. 

fir 'got,  n.  A  protuberance  on 
a  horse's  leg  ;  an  excres- 
cence on  gram  ;  a  spur. 

fir'mine,  n. 
An  animal 


s6n,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  to"o,  tdbk  }  Uru,  rue,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  a§ ;  epst ;     as  ng ;  this. 


EROSION 


102 


EULOGIZE 


E-ro'sion,  n.     An  eating  ; 

a  cancer. 
Err,  V.  i.  [imp.  erred.]  To 

wander  ;  to  mistake. 
Jr'rand,  n.  A  message,  [ing. 
Er'rant,  a.  Wandering ;  rov- 
Er'ra,nt-ry,  n.   Errant  state. 
Er-rat'i-e,  n.  Wandering. 
Er-ra'tum,  n.  {pi.  Er-ra'ta, 

25).  Error  or  mistake  in 
_  printing  or  writing.  [Err. 
Err'ing,  p.  pr.  8c  p.  a.  from 
Er-ro'ne-ous,   a.     Wrong ; 

false.  [mistake. 
Er-ro'ne-ous-ly,  adv.  By 
Er'i-or,  n.  A  mistake  ;  blun- 
_  der  ;  sin. 

Erst,  ar/v.  At  first ;  long  ago. 
Er'u-bes'cent,a.  Red;  blush- 
^  ing  ;  ruddy. 

Er^u€-ta'tion,  n.  A  belching. 
Er'u-dite,  a.  Learned. 
Er'ii-di'tion    {-dish^un),  n. 

Knowledge  ;  learning. 
E-rup'tion,  n.     A  breaking 

forth  ;  pustules  on  the  skin. 
E-rup'tive,  a.  Bursting  out ; 

having  eruption. 
£r^y-sip'e-las,  n.  A  kind  of 

fever  in  which  the  skin  is 
^  inflamed. 

Er^y-si-pel'a-tous,   a.  Re- 

^  sembling  erysipelas. 

Es^-ca-lade',  n.  A  scaling  of 
walls.  —  V.  t.  To  mount  by 
ladders. 

Es-cape',  v.t.  To  avoid ;  to 
shun  by  flight. — v.  i.  To 
hasten  away.  —  n.  Act  of 
avoiding ;  flight. 

Es-cape'ment,  n. 
Part  of  a  time- 
piece which  regu- 
lates   its  move- 

^  ments. 

Es/<jha-r6t'i€,  a. 
Caustic. — 71.  A 
caustic  applica- 
tion. 

Es-cheat',  n.  A  fall- 
ing of  lands  to  the  lord  of 
the  fee  cr  to  the  state  for 
want  of  heirs.  [avoid. 

Es-chew',  V.  t.    To  shun  or 

Es'-eort,  n.    A  guard. 

Es-eort',  v.  t.  To  attend  and 
guard.  [writing  desk. 

£s^-eri-toir'  (-tworO,  n.  A 


a.  \:iruuu  jur  iduu. 

I'eon    ''c  jr 

),  n.  A  I 
coat  of     I  I 


fis'-cu-lent,  a.  Good  for  food 

Es-«ut  ch'eon 
(-kutch^un), 
shield  or  coat 

^  arms. 

Es^o-ter'i-e,  a.  Secret.  Es- 

Es-pal'ier,n.  A  frame  cutch- 
for  fruit-trees. 

Es-pe'cial  {-pesh^al),  a.  Prin- 
cipal ;  chief ;  peculiar,  [ly. 

Es-pe'cial-ly,  af/f.  Peculiar- 

Es'pi-on-age.  w.  Practice  of 

^  employing  spies. 

Es-'pla-nade',  n.  An  open 
space  before  a  fortification ; 
a  sloping  grass-plat. 

Es-pous'al,  n.  Act  of  espous- 
ing ;  {pi. )  betrothal  or  mar- 
riage ceremony. 

Es-pouse',  v.t.  To  betroth  ; 
to  marry  ;  to  embrace. 

Es-py',  V.  t.  To  see  ;  to  spy. 

Es-quire',  w.  A  title  of  magis- 
trates and  gentlemen. —  v. 
t.    To  wait  on  ;  to  attend. 

Es-say',  v.  t.    To  attempt. 

Es'say,  n.    A  trial  ;  a  short, 

^  informal  treatise. 

Es'say-ist,  or  Es-say'ist,  n. 

^  A  writer  of  essays. 

Es'senge,  n.  The  nature  of 
a  thing  ;  perfume ;  scent.  — 
V.  t.    To  perfume. 

Es-sen'tial,  a.  Necessary  to 
existence.  —  n.  Constituent 
principle.  [sarily. 

Es-sen'tial-ly,  adv.  Neces- 

Es-tab'lish,  V,  t.  To  fix  ;  to 
settle  firmly. 

Es-tab'lish-ment,  n.  Settle- 
ment ;  confirmation  ;  place 
of  residence  or  business. 

Es-tate',  n.  Condition  ;  prop- 
erty, especially  in  land. 

Es-teem',  v.t.  To  value  ;  to 
regard  ;  to  think  highly  of. 

^  — n.  High  value  in  opinion. 

Es'ti-ma-ble,  a.    Worthy  of 

^  esteem.  [value  on. 

Es'ti-mate,  v.  t.    To  set  a 

£s'ti-mate,  n.    Calculation  ; 

^  value  set. 

Es^ti-ma'tion,  «.  A  valuing; 

esteem  ;  honor  ;  opinion. 
Es-t6p',  V.  i.   To  bar  ;  to  im- 
pede ;  to  stop  the  progress 
of.  [admission. 
Es-t6p'pel,  n.    A  conclusive 


Es- trance',  v.  t.  To  alienate. 
Es-trange'ment,  n.  Aliena- 
tion, [ing  or  lost. 
Es-tray',  n.  A  beast  wander- 
£st'u-a-ry  ,  n.  An  arm  of  the 
^  sea  ;  a  frith. 

Etch,  V.  t.    To  engrave  with 

^  the  aid  of  some  strong  acid. 

Etch'ing,  n.  Impression  from 
etched  copperplate. 

E-ter'nal,  a.  Having  no  be- 
ginning nor  end.  —  n.  The 
Deity;  God.  [ly. 

E-tgr'nal-ly,  adv.  Perpetual- 

E-ter'ni-ty,    n.  Duration 

_  without  beginning  or  end. 

E'ther,  n.  A  subtle  fluid 
supposed  to  fill  all  space  ;  a 
kind  of  very  volatile  fluid. 

E-the're-al,  a.  Consisting  of 
ether ;  heavenly. 

E-the're-al-ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert into  ether. 

Eth'i-e,      \a.     Relating  to 

5th'i€-al,  j  morals. 

£;th'i€-al-ly,  adv.  According 

^  to  ethics. 

Eth'i-cs,  n   sing.    The  sci- 
_  ence  of  moral  philosophy. 
E'thi-6p,        )  n.    A  native 
E'thi-6'pi-an,  j  of  Ethiopia ; 

a  negro. 
fith'ni<5,      }  a.  Belonging 
Eth'ni€-al,  J    to  races;  hea- 
then ;  pagan. 
Eth-n6g'ra-phy,  n.    A  de- 
scription of  the  different 
races  of  men. 
Eth-n61'o-gy,  n.   A  treatise 
_  on  the  natural  races  of  men. 
E'ti-o-late,  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
^whiten.  [of  ceremony. 

Et^i-qu6tte' (-ket/),ii.  Forms 
Efy-mo-ldg'ic-al,  a.  Relat- 
^  ing  to  etymology. 
Et^y-mol'o-gist,  n.  One 
^  versed  in  etymology. 
Et/y-m6Po-gy,  w.  Derivation 
^  of  words.  [word. 
Et'y-m6n,  n.  A  primitive 
Eu'-cha-rist,  n.  The  Lord's 
snpper. 

Eii'lo-gist,9i.  One  who  praises 

or  comniends. 
Eii/lo-gis'ti€,  a.  Containing 

praifc  ;  commendatory. 
Eu'lo-gize,  V.  t.    To  praise 
by  eulogy ;  to  commend. 


Es^-eri-toir'  (-twor/),  n.    A   Es-top'pel,  n.    A  conclusive      by  eulogy ;  to  commend, 
a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long;  S,  e, 6,  tt,  f, short;  cure,  car,  ask,  gU,  whgit ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  pVque,  firm  ; 


EULOGIUM 


103 


EXCHANGE 


Eu-16'gi-um  (18),  n.  Com- 
mendation ;  praise. 

Eu'lo-gy,n.  Marked  or  stud- 
ied praise.  —  Syn.  Encomi- 
um ;  panegyric ;  laudation. 

Eu'nii-ch,  n.  A  male  human 
being  who  has  been  un- 
manned. 

Eu'phe-mi§m,  n.  A  delicate 
word  or  expression  used  for 
one  that  is  olTensive. 

Eii-ph5n'i€,      )  a.  Having 

Eu-ph6n'i€-al,  >     a  sound 

Eu-pho'ni-oiis, )  agreeable 
to  the  ear. 

Eu'pho-ny,  n.  An  agreeable 
combination  of  sounds. 

Eu^ro-pe'an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  Europe. — n.  A  native 
of  Europe. 

Eu-than'a-sy,  n.  Easy  death. 

E-v^-e'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  make 
empty  ;  to  quit. 

E-va€'*u-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
evacuating  ;  withdrawal. 

E-vade',  v.  t.    To  avoid ;  to 

^  elude ;  to  slip  away. 

Ev'a-nes'genge,  n.  A  grad- 
ual vanishing. 

fiv'a-ngs'Qent,  a.  Vanishing; 

_  fleeting ;  passing  away. 

E^'van-gel'i-e-al,  a.  Accord- 
ing to,  or  contained  in,  the 
gospel. 

E-van'gel-ism,  n.  Promul- 
gation of  the  gospel. 

E-vin'^el-ist,  n.  One  who 
preaches  the  gospel. 

E-van'gel-Ize,  r.  t.  To  in- 
struct in  the  gospel  of  ■ 
Christ.  I 

E-vap'o-rate,  v.  i.  To  pass 
off  in  vapor ;  to  waste.  | 

E-vS,p''o-ra'tion,  n.  Conver- 
sion of  a  fluid  into  vapor. 

E-va'§ion,  n.  Artifice  ; 
equivocation. 

E-va'sive,  a.  Using  evasion. 

Eve,  n.  Evening. 

E'ven  (e^vn),  a.  Level; 
smooth  ;  uniform  ;  parallel ; 
fair;  not  odd. —  v.  t.  To 
make  level  or  smooth.  — 
adv.    Exactly  ;  at  the  very 

_  time  ;  so  much  as.  | 

E'ven-ing  (3'vn-),  n.  Close 
of  the  day;  beginning  of  | 
night.  i 


E-v§nt',  n.  That  which  hap- 
pens.—  SYN.  Incident ;  is- 
sue ;  end  ;  result. 

E-vent'ful,  a.  l  ull  of  inci- 
dents. '  [tial ;  final. 

E-vent'u-al,  a.  Consequen- 

E-vent'u-ate,  v.  i.  To  is.sue; 

^  to  close.  [ways. 

Ev'er,  adv.  At  any  time  ;  al- 

Ev'er-glade,  n.  Land  covered 

^  by  water  and  grass. 

Ev'er-green,  a.  Always 
green.  —  n.     A    plant  or 

^  shrub  always  green. 

Ev^er-lasfing,  a.  Continu- 

^  ing  witliout  end  ;  eternal, 

Ev'er-more',  adv.  Eternally, 

Ev'er-y,  a.    Each  one  of  a 

^  whole.  [places. 

Ev'er-y-where,  adv.    In  all 

E-vi€t',  V.  t.  To  dispossess 
by  judicial  process. 

E-vi€'tion,  n.  Dispossession. 

Ev'i-denge,  n.  That  which 
proves  or  shows  facts  ;  tes- 
timony ;  witness. — v.  t.  To 

^  show  ;  to  prove. 

Ev'i-dent,  a.    Clear;  plain. 

E'vil  (o^vl),  a.    Ill ;  wicked. 

—  11.  Calamity  ;  wicked- 
ness.—  adv.  Injuriously. 

E-vinge',  v.  t.  To  prove  ;  to 
show  in  a  clear  manner. 

E-vis'ger-ate,  v.  t.  To  take 
out  the  bowels  of. 

E-voke',  V.  t.    To  call  forth. 

Ev^o-lu'tion,  n.  Act  of  un- 
folding ;  prescribed  or  regu- 
lar movement. 

E-v61ve',  V.  t.    To  unfold. 

Ewe(yij),  n.  A  female  sheep. 

Ew'er  (yr/er),  n.  A  pitcher 
with  a  wide  spout.  [tate. 

Ex-ag'er-bate,  r.  Toirri- 

Ex-ag^'er-ba'tion,  n.  In- 
creased violence  of  a  disease. 

Ex-a-et',  a.  Minutely  cor- 
rect or  regular ;  punctual. 

—  SYjV.  Accurate;  precise; 
methodical;  careful. — v.  t. 
To  demand  ;  to  require  ;  to 
extort.  [ing. 

Ex-5,-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  extort- 
Ex-^i-et'ly,  adv.  Accurately. 
Ex-a-et'riess,  n.  Accuracy. 
Ex-a€t'or,  n.  One  who  ex- 
acts. 

Ex-ag'ger-ate,   v.    t.  To 


heighten  unduly  in  repre- 
sentation. 

Ex-ag/ger-a'tion,  n.  A  rep- 
resentation beyond  truth. 

Ex-alt%  i\       To  lift  high. 

Ex'al-ta'tion,  n.  A  raising; 
elevation.  [lime. 

Ex-alt'ed,  «.  Dignified;  sub- 

Ex-am'i-na'tion,  n.  In- 
quiry ;  inspection  ;  search. 

Ex-^m'me,  v.  t.  To  inspect  \ 
to  search  into  ;  to  question. 

E:5-5,m'in-er,w.  One  who  ex- 
amines. 

Ex-ain'ple,_n.    A  pattern. 

Ex-as'per-ate,  1'.  To  make 
very  angry  ;  to  enrage. 

Ex-a,s^per-a'tion,  n.  State 

^  of  being  exasperated. 

Ex'€a-vate,  v.  t.    To  make 

^  hollow. 

Ex''€a-va'tion,  n.  A  making 
hollow.  [excel. 

Ex-geed',  v.   To  surpass ;  to 

Ex-geed'ing,  a.    Very  great. 

Ex-geed'ing-ly,  adv.  To  a 
great  degree  ;  very  much. 

Ex-gel'  (7),  v.    To  surpass: 

^  to  exceed. 

Ex'gel-lenge  (7),  n.  Supe-i 

^  rior  goodness  ;  eminence. 

Ex'gel-len-gy,  n.  A  title  of 
honor.      [value ;  eminent. 

fix'gel-lent,  a.  Having  great 

Ex'gel-lent-ly,  adv.  In  an 
excellent  degree. 

Ex-gept',  V.  t.  To  take  out ; 
to  exclude.  — prep.  Not  in- 
cluding. 

Ex-g6pt'ing,  prep.  Taking 
or  leaving  out ;  except. 

Ex-gep'tion,  n.  Exclusion ; 
thing  excluded  ;  objection.  . 

Ex-gep'tion-a-ble,  a.  Liable 
to  objections.  [exception, 

Ex-gep'tion-al,  a.  Forming 

Ex-gerpt',  n.    An  extract.  . 

Ex-g§ss',  n.  More  than 
enough  ;  intemperance. 

Ex-gess'ive,  a.  Exceeding 
just  limits ;  extreme. 

Ex-gess'ive-ly,  adv.  Ex- 
ceedingly. 

Ex-chan^e',  v.  t.  To  give 
for  something  else.  —  n. 
Act  of  bartering ;  balance 
of  money  ;  place  where 
merchants  meet. 


S9U,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  to"o,  tobk  ;  tirii,  rj]e,  p\,ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


EXCHANGEABLE 


104 


EXIT 


Ex-change'a-ble,a.  Capable 
of  being  exchanged. 

Ex-ch6q'uer,  n.  A  court  in 
England  that  has  charge  of 
the  public  treasury. 

Ex-Qise',  n.  An  inland  duty 
or  impost  on  goods.  —  v.  t. 
To  lay  a  duty  on. 

Ex-Ql§e'man  (21),  n.  One 
who  inspects  excised  goods. 

Ex-gi§'ion  (-sizh^un),  n.  Ut- 
ter destruction. 

Ex-gT'ta-bil'i-ty,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  easily  excited. 

Ex-Qi'ta-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  roused  into  action. 

£x/Qi-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
citing, [rouse. 

Ex-glte',  V.  t.    To  stir ;  to 

Ex-git'ing,  p.  a.  Producing 
excitement. 

Ex-gite'ment,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
citing ;  agitation. 

fx-claim',  v.  t.  To  cry  out. 
x'€la-maaion,  n.   A  loud 
outcry  ;  a  mark  [!],  noting 
some  emotion. 
Ex-€lto'a-to-ry,  a.  Using 

or  containing  exclamation. 
Ex-clude',  v.  t.  To  shut  out. 
Ex-€lu'sion,  n.  Rejection. 
Ex-€lu'sive,  a.  Shutting 

out ;  not  including. 
Ex-clu'sive-ly,  adv.   To  the 

exclusion  of  others. 
Ex-€lu'sive-ness,  n.  State 
of  being  exclusive.  [out. 
Ex-c6g'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  think 
£x/€om-mu'ni-€ate,  V.  ^  To 

exclude  from  communion, 
fix^eom-mu-'nl-^a'tion,  n. 

Act  of  excommunicating. 
Ex-€o'ri-ate,  v.  t.   To  flay  ; 

to  strip  olT  the  skin  of. 
Ex-co^ri-a^tion,  n.   Act  of 

stripping  off  the  skin. 
£x'€re-ment,  n.  Matter  dis- 
charged from  the  body. 
Ex-cres'Qcnge,  n.  Preter- 
natural growth. 
Ex-€rete',  V.     To  discharge 

through  the  pores. 
Ex-ere'tion,  n.  Separation 

of  animal  matters. 
fix'€re-tive,  )  a.  Tending 
Sx'-ere-to-ry, )     to  excrete. 
£x'€re-to-ry,  n.     A  little 
duct  for  discharging  a  fluid. 


Ex-cru'ci-ate  (-shi^at),  v.  t. 

To  torture. 
Ex-eru'ci-a^ting  (-shi-),  a. 

Distressing ;  very  paintul. 
Ex-eru/ci-a'tion  (-krii^shi-), 

n.  Torture. 
Ex-eul/pate,  v.  t.    To  clear 
^  from  fault  or  guilt. 
Ex-'-eul-pa'tion,  n.    Act  of 

clearing  from  blame. 
Ex-cul'pa-to-ry,  a.  Clearing 

from  blame. 
Ex-cur'sion,  n.    A  ramble. 
Ex-€ur'sive,  a.  Wandering. 
Ex-eu§'a-ble,  a.    Capable  or 

worthy  of  being  excused. 
Ex-€u§e'  (-kuzO,  ^'.  t.  To 

pardon  ;  to  judge  leniently. 
Ex-cuse'  (-kus/),  n.  Apolo- 
^  gy ;  that  which  excuses. 
Ex'e-€ra-ble,  a.  Detestable; 
^  hateful.  [bly. 
Ex'e-cra-bly,  adv.  Detesta- 
fix'e -crate,  v.  t.  To  curse, 
fix^e-era'tion,  n.  Impreca- 
^  tion  of  evil. 

Ex'e-€iite,i'.  t.  To  carry  into 
effect;  to  put  to  death  by 
law  ;  to  complete.  —  Syn. 
To  accomplish  ;  effect ;  ful- 

^fill;  finish.  [ecutes. 

Ex'e-€ut^er,  n.  One  who  ex- 

Ex/e-€u'tion,  n.    Act  of  ex- 

^  ecuting. 

Ex^e-eu'tion-er,  n.  One  who 
puts  to  death  by  law. 

Ex-6€'u-tive,  a.  Carrying 
fnto  effect. — n.  Person  or 
power  that  executes  the  law. 

Ex-e€'u-tor,  n.  One  who  set- 
tles the  estate  of  a  testator. 

E5-e€'u-to-ry,a.  Performing 
official  duties.  [executor. 

Ex-6c'u-trix,  n.     A  female 

£x''e-ge'sis,  n.  Science  of 
interpretation.  [ry. 

fix'e-gSt'i€-al,  a.  Explanato- 

Ex-6m'plar,  n.  Copy  ;  pat- 
tern,        [way  of  example. 

fix'em-pla-ri-ly,  adv.  By 

Ex'em-pla-ry,  a.  Serving  as 
a  pattern  ;  worthy  of  imita- 
tion. 

Ex-em/pli-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Il- 
lustration by  example ;  a 
copy.       [trate  by  example. 
Ex-6m'pli-fy,  v.  t.  To  illus- 
Ex-empt',  a.    Free. — v.  t. 


To  free  from.  —  n.  One  who 

is  not  subject,  [immunity, 
Ex-emp'tion,  n.  Freedom  ; 
Ex'e-qua'tur,  n.    A  written 

recognition  of  a  person  as 
^  consul. 

Ex'e-quies  (C'ks^e-kwTz),  n. 

^  pi.    Funeral  solemnities. 

Ex'er-Qi§e,  n.  Use;  perform- 
ance ;  activity  ;  a  lesson.  — 
V.  t.  To  use;  to  practice; 
to  keep  busy. — v.  i.  To 
take  or  use  exercise. 

Ex-ert',  V.  t.  To  use  strength 
or  effort.  [ing ;  eflbrt. 

Ex-er'tion,  n.   Act  of  exert- 

Ex-fo'li-ate,  v.  i.  To  scale  off. 

Ex-fo/li-a'tion,  n.     Act  of 

^  scaling  off. 

Ex'ha-la'tion,  n.  Vapor. 

Ex-hale',  v.  t.  To  send  out,  as 
vapor.  — v.  i.    To  emit. 

Ex-haust',  V.  t.  To  drain  to 
emptiness ;  to  empty. 

E^-haus'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
hausting, [exhausted. 

E^-haust'less,  a.    Not  to  be 

Ex-hib'it.  V.  t.  To  display  ; 
to  show.  —  n.  A  paper  to 
prove  facts.  [hibitii. 

Ex-hib'it-er,  n.  One  who  ex- 

£x/hi-bi'tion  (-bish/un),  71. 
A  setting  forth ;  public 
show. 

Ex-hil'a-rate,  v.  t.  To  make 
cheerful ;  to  enliven. 

Ex-hil'a-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
exhilarating. 

Ex-hort',  v.  t.   To  advise. 

Ex'hor-ta'tion,  n.  Good  ad- 
vice, [to  exhort. 

Ex-hor'ta-to-ry,  a.  Tending 

Ex-hort'er,  n.    One  who  ex- 

^  fiorts. 

Ex/hu-ma'tion,  n.  A  dig- 
ging up,  as  from  the  grave. 

Ex-hume',  v.  t.  To  dig  up, 
as  from  a  grave. 

^Ilx't-genge,  )  n.  Necessity  ; 

;|lx'i-^en-Qy,  )  pressing  want. 

Ex'ile,  n.  Banishment ;  a 
person  banished. — v.  t.  To 
banish ;  to  transport. 

Ei^-ist',  V.  i.  To  be  ;  to  live  ; 
to  derive  support. 

Ex-ist'enge,  n.    Being  ;  life. 

Ex-ist'ent,  a.  Having  being. 
I  Ex'it,  n.    Departure  ;  death. 


i,  6, 1,  6,  u,  y,  long ;  &,  6, 1, 6,  II,  y,  short  /  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgU,  tSrm ;  p'fque,  firm ; 


EXODUS 


105 


EXPRESSION 


£x'o-dus,  n.  Departure  from 
h,  place  ;  the  second  book  ia 
the  Bible. 

Ex-6n'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  un- 
load ;  to  free  from  a  charge. 

E$-6n^er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
exonerating. 

Ex-or'bi-tange,  n.  Extrava- 
gance ;  enormity. 

!!gx-6r'bi-tant,  a.  Excessive. 

Ex'or-Qige,  v.  t.  To  expel,  as 

^  evil  spirits  by  conjuration. 

!Ex'or-Qi§m,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
orcising. 

Ex-6r'di-um,  n.  Introduc- 
tion, preface,  or  preamble. 

Ex-6t'i€,  a.  Foreign.  —  n. 
A  foreign  plant. 

Ex-pa,nd',  V.  t.  or  i.  To 
open  ;  to  spread  ;  to  dilate. 

Ex-panse',  n.  Wide  extent 
of  space  or  body. 

Ex-pdn'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Ca- 
pacity of  being  expanded. 

Ex-pan'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  expanded. 

Ex-pan'sion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
panding ;  extent. 

Ex-pan'sive,  a.  Spreading. 

Ex-pa'ti-ate  (-shi-at),  v.  i. 
To  rove ;  to  wander  ;  to  en- 
large ;  to  descant.  [ish. 

Ex-pa'tri-ate,  v.  t.   To  ban- 

Ex-pa^tri-a'tion,  n.  Banish- 
ment; exile. 

Exypg^t',  V.  t.  To  look  or 
wait  for  ;  to  anticipate. 

Ex-pe€t'an-Qy,  n.  A  state 
of  waiting. 

Ex-p6-et'ant,  a.  Waiting ; 
looking  for.  [ing  for. 

fix'pee-ta'tion,  n.     A  wait- 

Ex-pg€'to-rant,  a.  Promot- 
ing discharges  from  the 
lungs  or  throat.  —  n.  A 
medicine  that  promotes  such 
discharges. 

Ex-pe€'to-rate,  v.t.  To  dis- 
charge from  the  lungs  or 
throat. 

Ex-pe^/to-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
expectorating. 

Ex-pe'di-enge,  )  n.  Fitness ; 

Ex-pe'di-en-gy, )  propriety. 

Ex-pe'di-ent,  a.  Fit ;  prop- 
er; advisable.  —  n.  Means 
to  an  end  ;  shift ;  device. 

Ex'pe-dite,  v.  t.    To  hasten 


forward  ;  to  render  easy.  — 
a.     Free  of  impediment ; 
^  expeditious. 

Ex'pe-di'tion,  n.  lla?te  ;  dis- 
^  patch  ;  voyage ;  enterprise. 
Ex/pe-di'tious  (-dish/us),  a. 

Done  with  dispatch, 
fix^pe-di'tious-ly  (-dTsh/us-), 

ndv.    With  expedition. 
Ex-pel'  (7),  t'.      To  drive  or 

force  out ;  to  banish. 
Ex-pend',  v.t.   To  spend  for 

an  object ;  to  lay  out. 
Ex-pen'di-ture,  n.    Act  of 

spending ;  sum  expended. 
Ex-pense',  n.   Cost :  charge. 
Ex-pen'sive,  a.  Costly  ;  dear. 
Ex-pe'ri-enge,  n.    Trial  or 

repeated  trial,  or  the  in- 
struction thus  gained. — r.  t. 

To  try  ;  to  know  by  practice. 
Ex-pe'ri-enged    (-enst),  p. 

a.    Taught  by  experience  ; 

versed. 

Ex-per'i-ment,  n.  Trial ;  es- 
say.—  V.  i.    To  make  trial. 

Ex-pgr/i-ment'al,  a.  Found- 
ed on  experiment. 

Ex-per^i-ment'al-ly,  adv. 
By  experiment ;  by  trial. 

Ex-pert',  a.  Skillful ;  dex- 
terous. —  n.     One   who  is 

^  skillful.       [being  expiated. 

F'X'pi-a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

Ex'pi-ate,  v.  t.  To  atone  for, 

^  as  a  crime.  [satisfaction. 

Ex^pi-a'tion, n.  Atonement; 

Ex'pi-a-to-ry,  a.  Making  ex- 

j  piation. 

Ex^pi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
breathing  out ;  end. 

Ex-pire',  V.  t.  [imp.  ex- 
pired.] To  breathe  out.  — 
V.  i.   To  die. 

Ex-plain',  v.  t.  To  illustrate; 
to  make  plain.  —  v.  i.  To 

^  give  explanations. 

Ex'pla-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  plain,     [to  explain. 

Ex-plan'a-to-ry,  a.  Serving 

Ex'ple-tive,  n.    A  word  in- 

^  serted  to  fill  a  space. 

Ex'pli-ea-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

^  being  explained. 

Ex'pli-€ate,  v.  t.  To  unfold  ; 

^  to  explain  ;  to  show. 

Ex^pli-^a'tion,  n.  An  expla- 
nation. 


Ex'pli-ea'tive,  )  a.  Tendi'-:' 
Ex'pli-eaao-ry,  I  to  explain. 
Ex-plig'it,  a.    Clear  ;  plain  ; 

express  ;  not  obscure. 
Ex-plig'it-ly,  adv.  Clearly. 
Ex-pl6de',  V.  i.    To  burst 

with  a  loud  report. — v.  t. 

To  bring  into  disrepute. 
Ex-ploit',  n.  A  heroic  deed. 
Ex'plo-ra'tion,  n.    Act  of 

exploring. 
Ex-pl6r'a-to-ry.  a.  Search- 
ing, [examine. 
Ex-plore',  v.  t.-To  search  ;  to 
Ex-plo'§ion,  n.    A  sudden 

bursting  with  a  loud  noise. 
Ex-plo'sive,  a.    Driving  or 

bursting  with  forie. 
Ex-po'nent,  n.  The  index  of 

a  power  in  algebra. 
Ex-port',  v.  t.  To  transport 
^  from  one  country  to  another. 
Ex'port,  n.     A  commodity 
_  sent  abroad. 

Ex/por-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
porting, [ports. 

Ex-pcrt'er,  n.    One  who  ex- 

Ex-pc§e',  V.  t.  To  lay  open  or 
bare  ;  to  put  in  danger. 

Expos6  (ex'po-za'),  n.  A 
formal  statement  or  exposi- 
tion. 

£x/po-si'ticn  (  zish^un),  n. 
I  Explanation  ;  interpreta- 
I  tion. 

'  Ex-p6s'i-tor,  n.  An  interpret- 

I     er ;  expounder.  [explain. 

1  Ex-p6§'i-to-ry,a.  Serving  to 

j  Ex-p6st'u-late,  v.  i.   To  re- 

I     monstrate  earnestly. 

I  Ex-post' u-la'ticn,  n.  Act  of 

I  expostulating. 

j  Ex-p6st'u-Ia-to-ry,  a.    Con-  . 

I     taining  expostulation. 
Ex-pc§'ure,  n.  Act  of  expos- 

I     ing,  or  state  of  being  ex- 

I  posed. 
Ex-pound',  v.t.  Ho  explain. 
Ex-pound'er,  n.    One  who 

explains  or  interprets. 
Ex-press',  v.  t.  To  press  out; 
to  utter  in  language  ;  to 
make  known.  —  Syn.  To 
declare  ;  indicate  ;  exhibit. 
—  a.  Plain  ;  direct.  —  n.  A 
special  messenger  or  convey- 
ance. 

Ex-pres'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 


•6n,  or,  do,  W9lf.  toTo,  tdbk ;  drn,  rjje,  pyll ;  f,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


EXPRESSIVE 


106 


EYRY 


A  pressing  out ;  mode  of 
speech,  [express. 

Ex-press'ive,  a.  Adapted  to 

Ex-press 'ive-ly,  adv.  With 
force.  [terms. 

Ex-press'ly,  adv.    In  direct 

Ex-piign'  (-punO,  v.  t.  To 
take  by  assault.  [pelling. 

Ex-pWsion,  n.    Act  of  ex- 

Ex-pul'Sive,  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  expel. 

Ex-punge',  v.  t.  To  blot  out. 

Ex'pur-gate,  or  Ex-pur'- 
gate,  V.  t.    To  cleanse  ;  to 

^  purify  ;  to  expunge. 

Ex''pur-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
purgating, [ing. 

Ex-pur'ga-to-ry,  a.  Purify- 

fix'qui-site,  a.  Very  fine  ;  ex- 

^cellent";  keenly  felt. 

fix'qm-site-ly,at/u.  Nicely. 

Ex-si-e'-cant,  a.    Tending  to 

^  dry. 

Ex'si€-eate,  or  Ex-si-e'€ate, 
^  V.  t.  To  dry.  [ing. 
£x'si€-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  dry- 
Ex'tant,  a.    Now  in  being  ; 

existing. 
Ex-tem'po-ra'ne-oiis, )  «. 
Ex-tem'po-ra-ry,        )  Ut- 
tered    without  previous 
study. 

Ex-tem'po-re,  a.  or  adv. 
Without  previous  study. 

Ex-t6m'po-rize,  v.  i.  To  ut- 
ter without  study. 

Ex-tend',  v.  To  stretch  out  ; 
to  spread  ;  to  reach. 

Ex-ten'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  extended. 

Ex-ten^si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  extensible. 

Ex-ten'sion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
tending ;  enlargement. 

Ex-ten'sive,  a.  Large  ;  of 
great  extent.  [largely. 

Ex-ten'sive-ly,  adv.  Widely  ; 

Ex-tent',  n.  Space ;  compass. 

Ex-ten'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  palli- 
ate, [tion. 

Ex-ten^u-a'tion,  n.  Pallia- 

Ex-te'ri-or,  n.  Outward ;  for- 
eign.—  n.  The  outside;  the 
surface. 

Ex-ter'mi-nate,  v.  t.  To 
drive  away  ;  to  root  out. 

Ex-ter/mina'tion,  n.  De- 
struction. 


a,c,T,o,  Vij^flong;  &,e,I,  6,u 


Ex-ter'nii-na^tor,  n.  One  who 

exterminates. 

Ex-ter'nal,  a.  Outward. 

Ex-ter'nal§,  n.  pi.  Outward 
parts  or  rites.  [ended. 

Ex-tin€t',  a.  Extinguished; 

Ex-tin€'tion,  n.  Destruction. 

Ex-tin'guish  (-tlng^gwish), 
V.  «.~To  quench  ;  to  destroy. 

Ex-tin'guish-a-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  extinguished. 

Ex-tm'guish-er,  n.  A  uten- 
sil to  put  out  candles. 

Ex-tin'guish-ment,  n.  A 

^  putting  out  or  quenching. 

Ex'tir-pate,  or  Ex-tir'pate, 

^v.  t.    To  root  out. 

Ex^tir-pa'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
looting  out. 

Ex-tol'  (8),  t'.  To  praise 
greatly. 

Ex-tort',  V.  t.  To  exact  un- 
lawfully ;  to  wrest. 

Ex-tor'tion,  n.  Unlawful  ex- 
action, [ive. 

Ex-tor'tion-ate,  a.  Oppress- 

Ex-tor'tion-er,  n.  One  who 
practices  extortion. 

jSx'tra-et,  n.  A  substance 
drawn  from  another  ;  a  pas- 
sage from  a  book. 

Ex-tr3,-et',  v.  t.  To  draw  out ; 
to  take.         [out ;  lineage. 

Ex-tra€'tion,  a.    A  drawing 

£x''tra-di'tion  (-dTsh^un),  n. 
Delivery  on  the  part  of  one 
government  to  another  of  an 

^  accused  person. 

Ex^tra-ju-di'cial  (-dish/al), 
a.  Out  of  the  regular  course 
of  law.  [not  intrinsic. 

Ex-tra'ne-oiis,  a.    Foreign  ; 

Ex-traor'di-na-ry  {-tror'-  or 
-tra-or'-),  a.  Uncommon. 

Ex-trav'a-ganQC,  n.  Excess; 
prodigality. 

Ex-trav'a-gant,  a.  Exceed- 
ing due  bounds  ;  lavish  in 
expenses.  —  Syn.  Exces- 
sive ;  prodigal ;  wasteful. 

Ex-trav'a-s^te,  v.  t.  To  let 
out  of  the  proper  vessels,  as 
blood. 

Ex-trav^a-sa'tion,  n.  A  let- 
ting out  of  the  proper  ves- 
sels. 

Ex-treme',  a.  Outermost  ; 
utmost ;  greatest ;  highest. 


—  n.  Utmost  limit ;  extrem- 
ity, [most  degree. 

Ex-treme 'ly,  adv.  In  the  ut- 

Ex-trem'ist  (11),  n.  A  sup- 
porter of  extreme  doctrines 
or  practice. 

Ex-tr6m'i-ty,  n.  Utmost 
point  or  degree  ;  necessity. 

!6x'tri-€a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  extricated. 

£x'tri-eate,  v.  t.  To  disen- 
tangle ;  to  set  free. 

£x/tri-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
tricating ;  disentanglement. 

Ex-trin'si-e,      )  a.  Outward ; 

Ex-trin'si-e-al, )  external. 

Ex-trude',  v.  t.  To  thrustout. 

Ex-trii'sion,  n.  Act  of  thrust- 
ing out.      [ous  abundance. 

Ex-ii'ber-anQe,  M.  Superflu- 

Ex-u'ber-ant,  a.  Luxuriant ; 
over-abundant. 

Ex-u'ber-ant-ly,  adv.  Over- 

^  abundantly ;  luxuriously. 

Ex^u-da'tion,  n.  The.  act  of 
sweating  out. 

Ex-ude',  V.  t.  To  discharge 
through  the  pores. — v.  i. 
To  flow ;  to  issue  forth. 

Ex-lilt',  V.  i.  To  rejoice 
greatly. 

Ex-iilt'ant,  a.   Rejoicing  in 

^  triumph. 

Ex/ul-ta'tion,  n.  Great  joy. 

E^^e  (i),  n.  The  organ  of 
sight.  —  V.  t.  To  observe. 

Eye'ball,  n.  Ball  of  the  eye. 

Eye'brow,  n.  Hairy  arch 
over  the  eyes. 

Eye'-glass,  n.  A  glass  to  as- 
sist the  sight,  [lid. 

Eye'lash,  n.  Hair  on  the  cye- 

Eye'less  (Fless),  a.  Having 
no  eyes  ;  blind.  [cord. 

Eye'let,  n.  A  hole  for  lace  or 

Eye'-serv^ant,  n.  A  servant 
that  requires  watching. 

Eye'sight  (-sit),  n.  Sight  of 
the  eye. 

Eye'sore,  n.  Something  of- 
fensive to  the  sight. 

Eye'-tdbth  (21),  n.  An  upper 
tooth  next  the  grinders. 

Eye'-wit''ness,  n.  .One  who 
saw  what  he  testifies. 

Ey'rie  )  (a^ry),  »?.    A  place 

Ey'ry  )   where  birds  of  prey 

~  build  and  hatch. 


,  y,  sliort;  care,  car,  dsk,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  ITrm ; 


FABLE 


107 


FAMED 


F. 


FA'BLE,  w.    A  fictitious 
story  enforcing  a  useful 
truth.  — V.  t.   To  feign  ;  to 
fabricate  ;  to  lie. 
F3,b'ri€,  n.    A  building  ;  a 

manufactured  article, 
F&b'ri-€ate,  v.  t.    To  con- 
struct ;  to  manufacture  ;  to 
devise  falsely. 
F5,b/ri-€a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

fabricating  ;  construction. 
Fab'ri-ca^tor,  n.    One  who 

constructs  or  forms. 
Fab'u-list,  n.  One  who  writes 

or  invents  fables. 
FS,b'u-lous,  a.    Feigned  ;  in- 
vented ;  unreal ;  false. 
Fa-gade'  (-sad'  or  -sad/),M.  A 
front  elevation  of  a  building. 
Fage,  (18),  n.  Yisage  ;  front ; 
principal  surface ;  boldness. 
— 1\  t.   To  meet  in  front. 
Fag'et,  n.    A  little  face  ;  a 
small  surface.  [witty. 
Fa-ge'tious,  a.  Humorous; 
Fa'gial  (fa/shal),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  face. 
Fag'ile,  a.    Easy  to  be  done, 
or  to  yield.  —  Syn.  Pliant ; 
flexible ;  ductile. 
Fa-gil'i-tatc,  v.  t.    To  make 
easy. 

Fa-gil'i-ty,  n.  Ease  ;  easi- 
ness ;  [pi.)  means  to  render 
easy. 

Fag'ing  (11),  n.  A  covering 
in  front.  [ness. 

Fa-e-sim'i-le,  n.  Exact  like- 

Fa€t,  n.  An  act ;  deed  ;  real- 
ity ;  circumstance. 

Fa€'tion,«.  A  small  political 
party  ;  a  cabal ;  a  clique. 

Fa-e'tious,  a.  Given  to  fac- 
tion. 

Fa-e-ti'tious  (-tYsh/us),  a. 
Made  by  art ;  artificial. 

FS-€'tor,  71.  An  agent  in  trade. 

Fa-e'tor-age, «.  Commission 
allowed  to  a  factor. 

Fa€'to-ry,  n.  House  of  a  fac- 
tor ;  body  of  factors  ;  a 
manufactory. 


Fa<5-to'tum,  n.  A  servant  em- 
ployed in  all  sorts  of  work. 

Fd-c'ul-ty,  n.  Power  of  the 
mind  ;  ability  ;  power  ;  offi- 
cers of  a  college  ;  members 
of  a  profession. 

Fade,  v.  i.  To  wither  or  de- 
cay _;  to  lose  color. 

Fae'geg.    See  Feces. 

F^g,  V.  i.    To  become  wearj'. 

—  V.  t.  To  compel  to  drudge. 
Fag'-dnd',  n.  Untwisted  end 

of  a  rope  ;  refuse. 

Fag'ot,  w.  A  bundle  of  twigs. 

Fail,  V.  i.  To  decay  ;  to  per- 
ish ;  to  miss  ;  to  become 
insolvent. — v.  t.  (4)  To 
desert  ;  to  disappoint  ;  to 
omit. — n.  Omission. 

Fail'ure  (iil/yjir),  n.  Defect ; 
act  of  becoming  insolvent. 

Fain,  a.  Glad.  —  adv.  Gladly. 

Faint,  a.  Weak  ;  languid.  — 
V.  i.  To  swoon  ;  to  sink  from 
loss  of  strength. 

Faint'ly,  adv.  Feebly  ;  weak- 
ly- 

Faint'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
faint ;  feebleness. 

Fair,  a.  Free  from  blemish, 
perversion,  &c.  ;  of  a  light 
shade.  —  Syn.  Pure  ;  frank  ; 
honest  ;  equitable.  —  adv. 
Openly  ;  frankly  ;  civilly  ; 
justly.  —  n.  A  stated  mar- 
ket. —  The  fair^  the  female 
sex.  [ly. 

Fair'ly,  adv.  Openly  ;  honcst- 

Fair'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
fair. 

Fair'y  (19),  n.  A  fabled  spirit. 

—  a.  Belonging  to  fairies. 
Faith,  n.     Belief  ;  object  of 

belief ;  creed  ;  fidelity. 

Faith'ful  (17),  a.  Firm  to  the 
truth  ;  loyal ;  exact ;  true. 

Faith'ful-ly,  adv.  Honestly. 

Faith'fiil-ness,  n.  Firm  ad- 
herence to  truth  or  trust. 

Faith'lesS',  a.  Without  faith. 

—  Syn.  Treacherous;  un- 
believing ;  disloyal ;  false. 


FSl'-eate,     )  a.    Bent  like  & 

F^l'€at-ed,  j  sickle. 

Fal'ehion  (fawl/chun),  n.  A 
short,  crooked  sword. 

Fal'€on  (fa^v/- 
kn),  n.  A  hawk 
trained  forf 
sport.  g 

F  al '«on - er| 
(faw^kn-),  w.'^Sfl 
One  who  trains  ^[ 
hawks  for  tak-     _  , 
ing  wild  fowl.  ^^<^on. 

Fal'€on-ry  (faw^kn-r^'),  «• 
Art  of  training  hawks  ; 
practice  of  taking  game  by 
means  of  hawks. 

Fall  (1)  V.  i.  [imp.  FELL  ; 
"p.p.  FALLEN.]  To  drop; 
to  decline  ;  to  happen  ;  to 
apostatize.  —  n.  Descent; 
degradation  ;  decrease  ;  ca- 
dence ;  cataract ;  autumn. 

Fal-la'cious,  a.  Deceitful. 

F^l'la-gy,  n.  Deceitfulness  ; 
deception  ;  sophistry. 

Fallen  (fawln),  p.  p.  from 
"Fall.  [to  err. 

FaPli-bil'i-ty,  n.  Liablencss 

Fal'li-ble,  a.  Liable  to  err. 

FalPing-sick/ness,  n.  Epi- 
lepsy. 

FaI'low,  a.    Pale  red,  or  yel- 
low ;  plowed  but  not  sown. 
—  n.  Land  left  untilled. 
False,  a.  Not  true  ;  counter- 
feit ;  hypocritical. 
False'ly,  adv.  Erroneously. 
False'hdbd,  )  n.     Want  of 
Fals'i-ty,     ]     truth  or  ve- 
racity ;  a  false  assertion. 
Fal-set'to,  n.     A  kind  of 
voice  in  man  above  his  nat- 
ural voice.  [hood. 
Fal^si-fi-ea'tion,  n.  False- 
Fal'si-fy,  v.  t.     To  counter- 
feit ;  to  prove  to  be  false.  — 
V.  i.    To  tell  lies. 
Fal'ter,  v.  i.    To  hesitate  in 
speech  ;  to  waver.  [nown. 
Fame,  n.     Reputation  ;  re- 
Famed,  a.  Celebrated. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  to"o,  tobk ;  Urn,  rije,  pi.ill ;     ^,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  y  as  ng ;  this. 


FAMILIAR 


108 


FAVORABLE 


Fa-mil'iar,  a.  Intimate  ;  ' 
well-known  ;  knowing  inti- 
mately. —  n.  An  intimate 
acquaintance  ;  a  demon.  ! 
Fa-mil-iar'i-ty,  »K  Intimate 
acquaintance  ;  ease  in  in-  ; 
tercovirse.  1 
Fa  mil'iar-ize,  v.  t.  To  ac- 1 
custom.  [ly.  j 

Fa  mil'iar-ly,  arlv  Intimate- 
Fam'i-ly  (19),  n.  Household  ;  : 
lineage  ;  race  ;  class.  \ 
Fam'ine,  n.    Want  of  suffi- 
cient food. 
Fam'ish,  v.  i.     To  die  of 
hunger.  —  v.  t.    To  destroy 
with  hunger  ;  to  starve. 
Fa'mous,  a.  Ilenowued;  il- 
lustrious; noted. 
Fan  (18),  n.    An  instrument 
to  blow  and  cool  the  face  ; 
also  one  to  winnow  grain.  — 
V.  t.    To  blow  with  a  fan. 
Fa-nat'i-c,     )  a.    Wild  and  } 
Fa-nat'i€-al, )    enthusiastic  i 
in  opinions.  [siast.  ! 

Fa-nat'i€,  n.    A  wild  enthu-  | 
Fa-nat'i-Qism,  n.  Extrava- 
gant   notions  ;     religious  : 
frenzy.  I 
Fan'Qi-ful  (13),  a.  Dictated 

by  fancy ;  visionary. 
Fan'Qy,w.  Imagination;  no- 
tion ;  groundless  opinion  ; 
preference;  taste. — ^".  To 
imagine  ;  to  conceive.  —  a. 
Pleasing  the  fancy,  [dance. 
Fan-dan'go,  n.    A  Spanish 
Fane,  n~  A  temple ;  a  church. 
Fang,  n.  Tusk  of  an  animal ; 

claw  ;  talon. 
Fan-tas'ti€,     )  a.  Fanciful ; 
Fan-tas'ti€-al,  )  whimsical. 
Fan'ta-sy,  n.    A  fancy  ;  con- 
ceit; whimsey. 
Far,  a.    Distant  ;  remote.  — 
adv.    At  a  great  distance  ; 
very  much. 
-Farge,  n.   A  short,  ludicrous 
play.  [farce. 
Far'Qi-cal,  a.  Belonging  to  a 
Fare,  v.  i.  To  be  in  any  state, 
good  or  bad  ;  to  be  enter- 
tained. —  n.     Price  of  pas- 
sage ;  food. 
Fare'well,  or  Fare-w611',  n. 

Act  of  taking  leave. 
Fare-well',  inter  j.    Good  by. 


Fa-rPna  or  Fa-ri'na,  n. 

Pollen  of  flowers  ;  the  flour 
of  grain,  starch,  &c. 
Far'i-na'ceous,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  meal ;  mealy. 
Farm,  n.    Land  occupied  by 
a  farmer.  —  v.  t.  To  lease  or 
rent  for  a  price  ;  to  culti- 
Tate,  as  a  farm. 
Farm'er,  n.    One  who  culti- 
vates a  farm.        [iug  land. 
Farm'ing,  n.  Practice  of  till- 
Far'o,  n.  A  game  at  cards. 
Far-ra'go,  n.    A  medley. 
Far'ri-er,  n.  A  horse-shoer  ; 
one  who  cures  the  diseases 
of  horses.  [a  farrier. 

Far'ri-er-y,  n.    Business  of 
Far'r5w,  7i.    A  litter  of  pigs. 
—  a.    Not  producing  a  calf 
in  the  year.  — v.  t.  ori 
bring  forth,  as  pigs, 


corpulent  ;  gross  ^  greasy. 
—  V.    To  make  or  grow  fat. 
Fa'tal,  a.    Necessary  ;  dead 

ly  ;  destructive. 
Fa'tal-i§m,  n.     Doctrine  of 

fate  or  inevitable  necessity. 
Fa'tal-ist,  n.  One  who  holds 

to  fatalism. 
Fa-tS,l'i-ty,  n.  Invincible  ne- 
cessity ;  mortality. 
Fa'tal-ly,  at/r.   Necessarily  j 

mortally. 
Fate,  n.  Inevitable  necessity ; 
final  lot;  (/?/.)  the  destinies 
supposed  to    preside  over 
men.  —  Syn.  Destiny  ;  for- 
tune ;  doom  ;  death. 
Fat'ed,  a.'    Decreed  by  fate. 
Fa'ther,  n.  A  male  parent. — 
V.  t.  To  adopt  as  one's  own. 
To  I  Fa'ther-land,  n.  Native  land 
of  one's  fathers.  [father. 


Far'ther,  n.  Being  at  a  great-  ;  Fa'tiier-less,  a.    Ilavir.g  no 
er  distance.  —  adv.  Beyond  ;  ^  Fa'ther-ly,  a.  Like  a  father ; 
more  remotely  ;  further.      |     paternal ;  tender. 
Far'tiiing,  n.    Fourth  of  a  Fath'cm,  7i.  Six  feet. —  v. 

penny.  [petticoat.  1     To  sound  the  depth  of. 

Far'thin-gale,  n.  A  hoop  Fatii 'cm-less,  a.  Bottomless. 
Fas'gi-nate,  v.  t.  To  charm;  Fa-tigue'  {-teegO,  n.  Great 
to  captivate.  ' 


FS-s^gi-na'tion,  n.     Act  or 

power  of  charming. 
Fash'ion,  n.  Form  ;  custom  ; 
mode;   style.  —  v.    t.  To 
form  ;  to  mold. 
Fash'ion-a-ble,  a.  Accord- 


weariness;  toil.  —  V.  t.  To 
weary  to  excess ;  to  tire. 
Fat'ling,  n.    A  fat  animal. 
Fat'ness,  n.  Fleshiness  ;  fer- 
tility. 

Fat'ten  (fatvtn),  v.  To  make 
or  grow  fat. 


ing  to,  or  observant  of,  the  F^t'ty,  a.  Containing,  or 
prevailing  mode.  I     consisting  of,  fat ;  greasy. 

Fash'ion-a-bly,  adv.    In  a  Fa-iu'i-ty,  n.    Weakness  of 

fashionable  manner.  j  mind. 

Fast,  V.  i.     To  abstain  from  I  Fat'u-ous,  a.  Feeble  in  mind  ; 
food.  — n.  Abstinence  from  I     foolish  ;  silly  ;  impotent. 


food.  —  a.  Firmly  fixed  ; 
steadfast ;  rapid  ;  swift ;  dis- 
sipated. —  adv.  With  speed. 
Fast'-day,  n.  A  day  set 
apart  for  fasting-  and  prayer, 


Fau'get,  n.  A  contrivance  for 

drawing  liquors. 
Fault,  n.    Want ;  blt-mish  ;  a 

defect ;  offense  ;  failing. 
Fault'less,  a.  Free  from  fault. 


Fast'en  (fas^n),  v.t.  To  make   Fault'y,  a.  Guilty  of  a  fault; 

firm  ;  to  hold  together.        |     defective  ;  imperfect. 
Fast'en-ing,  n.    That  which   Faun,  n.    A  rural  deity. 


confines  or  makes  fiist. 
Fas-tid'i-ous,  a.  Difficult  to 

please;  squeamish. 
Fast'ness,  n.   State  of  being 

fast ;  a  strong  fort. 
Fat,  n.     An  oily,  concrete 

animal       substance.  —  a. 

Abounding  in  fat ;  plump  ; 


Fau'na,  n.    Entire  group  of 

animals  of  a  country. 
Fa'vor  (83),  n.  Kind  regard-, 
support ;  mildness ;  a  gift.  — 
V.  t.  To  countenance. 
Fa'vor-a-ble,  a.  Propitious 
to  success  ;  kind  ;  advanta- 
geous. 


a,  e,  1, 0,  G,  y,  long ;  fi,  6,  i,  o,  u,  y ,  short ;  care,  car, aak,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere,  v§il,  tSrm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


FAVORABLY 


109 


FERRIAGE 


Fa'vor-a-bly,  adv.  With  fa-  ' 
vor  or  affection.  [vors.  i 

ra'vor-er,  n.     One  who  fa- 

Fa'vor-ite,  n.  A  particular  i 
friend.  —  a.  Esteemed ;  pre- 
ferred,     [to  fiivor  a  friend.  | 

ra'vor-it-ism,  n.  Disposition 

Fawn,  n.  "  A  young  fallow 
deer.  — v.  i.  To  court,  or 
flatter  servilely. 

Fay  ( 18 ),  n.  A  fairy ;  elf.   [ty . 

Fe'al-ty,  n.   Homage  ;  loyal- 
Fear,  n.     Apprehension  of 
evil. — V.  t.  or  i.     To  be 
afraid  ;  to  dre  id. 

Fear'ful,  a.  Afraid  ;  terrible. 

Fear'fiil-ly,  adv.  In  a  fear- 
ful manner. 

Fear'Iess,  a.  Free  from  fear ; 
undaunted ;  intrepid,  [fear. 

Fear'less-ly,  adv.  Without 

Fea^§i-bil'i-ty,   )  n.  Practi- 

Fea'si-ble-ness, )  cabllity. 

Fea'§i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing performed ;  practicable. 

Feast,  n.  A  sumptuous  en- 
tertainment ;  a  festival ;  a 
holiday.  —  v.  To  eat  or  en- 
tertain sumptuously. 

Feat,  n.  An  extraoi-dinary 
action  ;  exploit ;  trick. 

Feath'er,  n.  A  plume;  that 
which  forms  the  covering  of 
birds.  —  V.  t.  To  cover  with 
plumage;  to  .adorn. 

Flath'er-y,  a.  Covered  with, 
or  resembling,  feathers. 

Feat'ure,  n.  Form  or  appear- 
ance, especially  of  the  face  ; 
lineament. 

Feb'ri-fiige,  n.  A  medicine 
to  cure  fever. 

Fe'brile,  or  Feb'rile,  a.  Per- 
taining to  fever. 

Feb'ru-a-ry,  n.  The  second 
month  of  the  year. 

Fe'-eal,  a.    Containing  feces. 

Fe'Qe§,  n.  pi.  Excrement ; 
dregs. 

Fee'u-lenge,  n.    Foul  mat- 
ter in  liquors  ;  lees  ;  dregs. 
Fe€'u-lent,  a.   Foul ;  full  of 
dregs.  [prolific. 
Fe€'un-date,  v.  t.    To  make 
Fe-e'un-da'tion,  n.    Act  of 
making  fruitful.  [ness. 
Fe-eun'di-ty,  n.  Fruitful- 
Fed,  hnp.  Sc  p.  p.  of  Feed. 


Fed'er-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 

league  or  contract. 
Fed'er-a'tion,  n.  Union  in  a 

league  ;  confederacy. 
F6d'er-a-tive,  a.  Joining  in 

league  ;  confederating. 
Fee  (18),  n.    A  reward;  rec- 
ompense ;  perpetual  right. 

— V.  t.  To  retain  by  a  fee. 
Fee'ble,    a.      Wanting  in 

strength  or  activity.  — Syn. 

Infirm  ;  imbecile  ;  languid. 
Fee'ble-ness,  n.  Infirmity. 
Fee'bly,      adv.      Weakly  ; 

faintly. 

Feed,r.f.  [imp.  8c p.  p.  fed.] 
To  give  food  to ;  to  supply. 

—  V.  i.  To  eat ;  to  take  food. 

—  n.  Food;  meat;  pasture. 
Feel,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

FELT.]  To  perceive  by  the 
touch  ;  to  be  affected  ;  to 
experience. — n.  Sensation 
communicated  by  touching. 

Feel'er,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  feels. 

Feel'ing,  n.  Touch;  sensi- 
bility. —  a.  Full  of  sensibil- 
ity ;  tender. 

Feel'ing-ly,  adv.  Tenderly. 

Fee'-sim^ple,  n.  An  absolute 
or  unconditional  fee. 

Feet,  n.  pi.  of  Foot. 

Feign  (fan),  v.  t.  To  pretend ; 
to  counterfeit. 

Feint  (fant),  n.  A  false 
show  ;  a  pretense. 

Fe-lig'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  make 
happy  ;  to  congratulate. 

Fe-liQ'i-ta'tion,  n.  Kind 
wish.  [lightful. 

Fc-lig'i-tous,  a.  Happy  ;  de- 

Fe-liQ'i-ty,  n.  Great  happi- 
ness. —  Syn.  Bliss  ;  bliss- 
fulness  ;  blessedness,  [cats. 

Fe'line,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Fell,  a.  Fierce  ;  savage  ;  cruel. 

—  V.  t.  To  prostrate;  to 
hem,  as  a  seam.  —  n.  Hide 
of  a  beast.  —  t*.,  imp.  of 

Fall. 

Fel'15w,  n.  An  associate  or 
equal ;  a  person.  —  v.  t.  To 
match. 

Fel'16w-ereat''iire,  n.  One 

of  the  same  race. 
Fel'low-feePing,  n.    A  like 
feeling;  sympathy 


Ted,  imp.  Sc  p.  p.  of  Feed.      \     feeling;  sympathy.  I     ing  a  ferry. 

S9n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  firn,  rije,  puiU ;  9,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;     ;  exist ; 


FePlow-ship,  n.  Society ; 
foundation  for  maintaining 
a  resident  scholar. 

Fel'ly,  n.    Rim  of  a  wheel. 

Fe'lo-de-se^  n.    A  suicide. 

Fel'on,  n.  One  guilty  of  fel- 
ony ;  a  painful  tumor. 

Fe-lo'ni-ous,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  felony ;  villain- 
ous, [capital  crime. 

Fel'o-ny,  n.   A  heinous  ©r 

Felt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Feel. 
—      Cloth  or  stuff  of  wool. 

Fe'male,  n.  One  of  the  sex, 
that  bears  young.  —  a. 
Feminine. 

Fem'i-nine,  a.  Pertaining  to 
females  of  the  human  race  ; 
tender  ;  effeminate. 

Fen,  n.    A  marsh  ;  a  bog. 

Fenge  (18),  n.  A  structure 
to  inclose  land.  — v.  t.  To 
inclose  with  a  fence.  — v.  i. 
To  practice  fencing. 

Fenge'less,  a.  Destitute  of 
a  fence. 

F6n'ging,  n.  Materials  for 
fences  ;  art  of  self-defense 
with  the  sword.  [off. 

Fend,  v.  t.  To  repel ;  to  keep 

Fend'er,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which  fends,  or  wards  off. 

Fen'nel,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant. 

Fen'ny,  a.    Marshy  ;  boggy. 
Feoff  (ief),  V.  t.    To  invest 
with  the  fee  of  land.  [fee. 
Feoffment,  n.    Grant  of  a 
Fer'ment,  w.  Tumult;  agita- 
tion ;  cause  of  agitation. 
Fer-ment',  v.  t.  To  excite  by 
internal  motion. — v.i.  To 
undergo  fermentation. 
Fer'men-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of 
fermenting,  [fermentation. 
Fer-m^nt'a-tive,  a.  Causing 
Fern,  n.    A  genus  of  plants. 
Fe-ro'cioiis,    a.      Savage  ; 

cruel ;  fierce. 
Fe-r6g'i-ty,  n.    Savage  wild-- 

riess  and  fierceness  ;  cruelty. 
Fer're-ous,  a.    Made  of,  or 

pertaining  to,  iron. 
Fer'ret  (8),  v.  t.    To  drive 
from  a  lodge.  —  n.   x\n  ani- 
mal of  the  weasel  kind. 
Fer'ri-age,  n.  Fare  for  pass- 
ing a  ferry. 


n  as  ng  ;  this. 


FERRUGINOUS 


110 


FILINGS 


Fer-ru'gi-nous,  a.  Partaking 
of,  or  containing,  iron. 

Fer'rule  (-rii  or  -rjil),  n.  A 
ring  at  the  end  of  a  stick. 

Fer'ry,  n.  A  place  for  pass- 
ing a  river  or  lake  ;  a  boat. 
—  v:t.  To  convey  over  water 
in  a  boat.     [attends  a  ferry. 

rer'ry-man  (21),  n.  One  who 

Fer'tile,  a.  Fruitful ;  pro- 
ductive ;  prolific  ;  rich. 

Fer'til-ize,  v.  t.  T©  enrich, 
as  land.  [soil. 

Fer-til'i-ty,  n.    Richness  of 

Fer'ule  (fer^ril  or  fer^rul),  n. 
A  flat  piece  of  wood  for 
punishing  children. — v.  t. 
To  punish  with  a  ferule. 

Fer'ven-Qy,  n.  Heat  of  mind. 

Fer'vent,  a.  Warm  ;  ardent. 

Fgr'vent-ly,  adv.  With  fer- 
vor, [ment. 

Fer'vid,  a.    Warm ;  vehe- 

Fer'vor,  n.  Heat;  ardor; 
warmth  of  mind. 

Fes'tal,  a.  Relating  to  a  feast. 

Fes'ter,  v.  i.  To  rankle.— 
n.  A  sore  that  rankles  and 
discharges. 

Fes'ti-val,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
feast.— n.  A  feast ;  a  solemn 
or  joyful  anniversary. 

Fes'tive,  a.  Gay ;  mirthful ; 
festal.         [mirth ;  gayety. 

Fes-tiv'i-ty,  n.  Social  joy  or 

Fes-tdbn',  n.  A 
kind  of  wreath. 

Fetch,  V.  t.  To 
go  and  bring  ; 
to  bring  ;  to  sell 
for.  —  n.  A 
stratagem ;  artifice ;  trick. 

Fete  (I'at),  n.  A  festival.  — 
V.  t.    To  feast.  [stinking. 

Fet'id,     a.       lU-saielling  ; 

Fet'lock,  n.  Hair  behind  the 
pastern  joint  of  a  horse. 

Fet'ter,  n.  A  chain  for  the 
feet;  a  restraint. — v.  t.  To 
chain;  to  shackle  ;  to  bind. 

Fe'tus,  n.  {pL  Fe'tus-e§.)  An 
animal  in  the  womb  or  egg. 

Feud,  n.  Quarrel ;  broil ;  a 
feudal  tenure;  a  fief ;  a  fee. 

Feiid'al,  a.  Held  of  a  lord; 
pertaining  to  fiefs  or  fees. 

Feud'al-i§m,  n.  The  system 
of  feudal  tenures. 


Festoon. 


Fe'ver,  n.  A  disease  marked 
by  heat,  thirst,  and  accel- 
erated pulse,     [slight  fever. 

Fe'ver-isli,  a.    Affected  with 

Few(fu),  a.  Not  many  ;  small 
in  number.  [number,  j 

Few'ness,  n.    Smallness  of  i 

FPat,  n.  A  decree  ;  command.  \ 

Fib,  n.  A  story  ;  falsehood.  —  j 
V.  i.    To  tell  what  is  false.  | 

Fi'ber  )(29),  n.    A  slender  i 

Fi'bre  j  thread  ,or  thread'- 
like  substance.   , 

Fi'bril,  n.    A  small  fiber.' 

Fi'brous,  a.  Containing,  or 
consisting  of,  fibers,  [mind. 

Fick'le,  a.     Changeable  in 

Fick'le-ness,  n.  Inconstancy. 

Fi€'tion,  n.  An  invented 
story  ;  a  lie.  —  Syn.  Fabri- 
cation ;  falsehood. 

Fi-e-ti'tious  (-tish/us),  a. 
Feigned  ;  counterfeit ;  false. 

Fid'dle,  n.  A  violin.  —  v.i.  To 
play  on  a  violin.     [a  fiddle. 

Fid'dler,  n.  One  who  plays  on 

Fi-dePi-ty,  n.  Faithfulness ; 
loyalty  ;  honesty  ;  integrity. 

Fidg'et,  V.  i.  To  move  by  fits 
and  starts.  —  n.  Uneasy 
motion  of  the  body.  [easy. 

Fidg'et-y,  a.    Restless  ;  un- 

Fi-du'cial,      )  a.  Confident; 

Fi-dii'ci-a-ry,  )  held  in  trust. 

Fi-du'ei-a-ry  (-du/shl-),  n.  A 
trustee. 

Fie,  interj.    Denoting  dislike. 

Fief,  n.  An  estate  held  of  a 
superior  on  condition  of 
military  service  ;  a  fee  ; 
feud. 

Field,  n.   A  piece  of  inclosed 
land  ;  a  battle-ground ;  com- 
pass ;  extent. 
Field'-mar'shal,  n.   A  high 

military  title. 
Field'-6f/fi-Qer,  n.  A  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  or  colo- 
nel, [non. 
Field'-piege,  n.  A  small  can- 
Fiend,  n.  An  implacable  foe; 

the  devil ;  an  infernal  being. 
Fierge,  a.    Violent ;  eager  in 

attack  ;  furious  ;  ferocious. 
Fierge'ly,  adv.  Furiously. 
Fierge'ness,  n.     Violence  ; 
rage. 

Fi'er-i-ness,  n.  Great  heat. 


Fi'er-y,  a.    Consisting  of,  or 

like,  fire  ;  hot ;  irritable. 
Fife,  n.  A  small  musical  pipe. 

—  V.  i.    To  play  on  a  fife. 
Fif'er,  n.    One  who  plays  on 

a  fife. 

Fifteen,  a.    Five  and  ten. 

Fifth,  a.  The  ordinal  of  five. 

Fif ai-eth  ( 13 ) ,  a.  Next  after 
the  forty-ninth.  [added. 

Fifty,  a.    Sum  of  five  tens 

Fig,  n.  A  tree  and  its  fruit. 

Fight  (fit),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  FOUGHT.]  To  contend  in 
battle  or  in  single  combat. 

—  V.  t.  To  war  against.  — 
n.    A  battle  ;  a  combat. 

Fight'er  (fitter),  n.  One  who 
fights.  [tion. 

Fig'ment,n.  Invention;  fic- 

Fig'u-rate,  a.  Of  a  certain 
determinate  form  or  figure. 

Fig^u-ra'tion,  »i.  Act  of  giv- 
ing figure  or  determinate 
form. 

Fig'u-ra-tive,  a.  Metaphori- 
cal ;  represented  by  figure. 

Fig'ure,  n.  Shape;  fashion; 
image  ;  pattern  ;  a  character 
standing  for  a  number ;  a 
type.  —  V.  t.  To  make  an 
image  of;  to  symbolize. — 
V.  i.  To  make  a  distin- 
guished appearance. 

Fil'a-ment,  n.  A  slender 
thread ;  a  fiber. 

FiPa-ment'ous,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  filaments  ;  like  a 
thread. 

Fil'a-tiire,  n.  The  reeling  of 
silk  from  cocoons. 

FiPbert,  n.  The  nut  of  the 
cultivated  hazel.  [fer. 

Filch,  V.  t.    To  steal ;  to  pil- 

File,  n.  A  tool  for  smoothing 
wood,  iron,  &c. ;  a  row;  a 
series  ;  bundle  of  papers.  — 
V.  t.  To  smooth  with  a  file ; 
to  place  in  order,  as  papers. 

—  V.  i.  To  march  in  file. 
Fil'ial  (fil''yal),  a.  Becoming 

a  child.  [son  to  a  parent. 
FiPi-a'tion,  n.  Relation  of  a 
Fil'i-gree,  n.  Ornamental 

work  in  gold  or  silver  like 

threads. 
FiFings,  M.  pi.  Particles 

rubbed  off  by  a  file. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  a,  y,  long ;  5,  g,  1, 6,  tt,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  ail,  wh^t ;  ore,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


FILL 


111 


FITTING 


Fill,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  make  or 
become  full. —  n.  Fullness. 

Fil'let,  n.  A  head  band ;  a 
joint  of  meat. 

Fii'li-bus'ter,  n.  A  lawless 
military  adventurer. 

Fil'lip,  V.  t.  To  strike  with 
the  nail  of , the  finger  forced 
from  the  ball  of  the  thumb. 
—  n.  A  jerk  of  the  finger 
from  the  thumb. 

Fi'l'ly  (19),  n.  A  young  mare. 

Film,  n.  A  thin  skin. 

Film'y,  a.  Composed  of  film. 

Fil'ter,  n.  A  strainer  for 
liquor.  —  v.  t.  To  purify  by 
passing  through  a  strainer. 

Filth,  n.  Foul  or  dirty  mat- 
ter. 

Filth'i-ness,  n.  Dirtiness. 

Filth'y,  a.  Abounding  in 
filth.  —  Syn.  Foul ;  dirty  ; 
obscene ;  impure. 

Fil'trate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  filter ; 
to  percolate. 

Fil-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  filter- 
ing. 

Fin,  n.  An  organ  of  a  fish. 
Fi'nal,  a.    Ending  ;  conclu- 
sive. 

Fi'nal-ly,  adv.  In  conclusion. 

Fi-na'le,  n.  Last  part  of  a 
piece  in  music  ;  ending. 

Fi-n3,nge',  n.  The  science  of 
raising  and  investing  money; 
state  income  ;  revenue;  {pi.) 
funds  in  the  treasury. 

Fi-nan'cial,  a.  Pertaining  to 
finance. 

Fm'an-Qier',  n.  One  skilled 
in  financial  matters,  [bird. 

Finch,  M.    A  small  singing 

Find,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FOUND.]  To  discover;  to 
gain  ;  to  furnish  ;  to  estab- 
lish. 

Find'ingg,  n.  pi.  The  tools, 
&c.,  which  a  journeyman 
provides  for  himself. 

Fine,  a.  Elegant ;  showy  ; 
gay  ;  handsome  ;  keen  ; 
sharp  ;  nice  ;  exquisite.  —  n. 
Penalty;  forfeiture. — v.  t. 
To  inflict  a  penalty  on  ;  to 
purify  ;  to  refine.  [ously. 

Fine'ly,  adv.  Gaj'ly  ;  dexter- 

Fine'ness,  n.  State  or  quali- 
ty of  being  fine. 


I  Fin'er,  n.   One  \vho  purifies 

metals. 

Fin'er-y,  n.  Fine  dress,  jew- 
els, trinkets,  &c. ;  splendor. 

Fi-nesse',  n.  Art  ;  artifice  ; 
stratagem.  —  v.  i.  To  use 
stratagem. 

Fin'ger,  n.  One  of  the  five 
extremities  of  the  hand.  — 
v.  t.   To  handle  ;  to  touch. 

Fin'i-eal,  a.  Allectedly  fine. 

Fi'nis,  n.  End  ;  conclusion. 

Finnish,  v.  t.  To  bring  to  an 
end  ;  to  perfect.  —  n.  That 
which  finishes ;  last  hard, 
smooth  coat  of  plaster. 

Fin'ish-ing,  n.  That  which 
terminates  or  perfects,  [ed. 

Fi'nite,  a.     Bounded  ;  liniit- 

Fin'ny,  a.  Furnished  with 
fins. 

Fir,  n.  A  tree  allied  to  the 
pines,  or  its  wood. 

Fire,  n.  Heat  and  light ;  any 
thing  burning;  passion. — 
V.  t.  To  set  on  fire ;  to 
kindle  ;  to  discharge.  —  v. 
i.   To  take  fire. 

Fire'-arm§,  n.  pi.  Guns,  pis- 
tols, &c.         [wood  on  fire. 

FIre'-brand,  n.    A  piece  of 

Fire'-damp,  n.  An  explosive 
gas  in  mines. 

Fire'-en^gme,  n.  An  engine 
to  extinguish  fires. 

Fire'-fly,  n.  A  winged,  lumi- 
nous insect. 

Fire'maii  (21),  n.     A  man 
who  extinguishes  fires,  or  I 
who  tends  the  fires  of  a 
steam-engine. 

Fire'-plage,  n.  Part  of  a 
chimney  ;  hearth. 

Fire'-plug,  t?.  A  plug  for 
drawing  water  at  fires. 

Fire'-prdbf,  a.  Incombus- 
tible, [others  on  fire. 

Fire'-ship,  n.    A  ship  to  set 

FIre'ward,      )  n.     An  ofii- 

Fire'ward-en, )  cer  whose 
duty  is  to  guard  against 
fires. 

Fire'wdbd,  n.  Wood  for  fuel. 
Fire'-wcrks  (-wurks),  lupl. 

Preparations  of  powder  for 

exploding  in  the  air. 
Fir 'kin,  n.    A  vessel  of  eight 

or  nine  gallons.  i 


Firm,  a.  Fixed  :  5olid  ; 
strong  ;  compact.  —  n.  A 
partnership. 

Firm'a-ment,  w.  The  region 
of  the  air  ;  the  sky. 

Firm'ly,  adv.  Strongly  ; 
steadily  ;  with  fixedness. 

Firm'ness,  n.  Compactness ; 
solidity  ;  constancy. 

First,  a.  Earliest ;  foremost ; 
chief.  —  adv.  Before  any 
thing  else. 

First'-fruit§,  n.  pi.  First 
produce.       [est  excellence. 

First'-rate,  a.    Of  the  high- 

First'ling,  n.  Off"spring  of 
cattle  first  produced. 

Fis€'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
public  treasury. — n.  Pub- 
lic revenue ;  a  treasurer. 

Fish  (18),  n.  An  animal  liv- 
ing in  Avater,  especially  one 
breathing  by  gills.  —  v.  t. 
To  search,  as  for  fish. —  v.  i. 
To  try  to  catch  fish. 

Fish'er-maii  (21),  n.  One  cm- 
ployed  in  fishing. 

Fish'er-y,  n.  The  business  or 
place  6f  fishing. 

Fish'hobk,  n.  A  hook  for 
catching  fish. 

Fish'ing,  v.  The  practice  of 
catching  fish. 

Fish'-mon-'ger  (-mung/ger), 
n.    A  dealer  in  fish. 

Fish'y,  a.  Tasting  like  a  fish  ; 
fish-like.  [spHt. 

Fis'sile,  a.    Capable  of  being 

Fis'siire  (fish^ijr),  71.  A 
cleft ;  a  narrow  chasm. 

Fist,  n.  The  hand  clinched. 

Fist'i-€uffs,  n.  pi.  Blows  with 
the  fist.       [chronic  abscess. 

Fisfu-la,  n.  A  deep,  narrow, 

Fist'u-lar,     )  a.  Hollow,  like 

Fist'u-loiis,  j    -a  pipe. 

Fit,  71.  Attack  of  srasms,  or 
of  disease  ;  a  passing  humor. 

—  a.  Suitable  ;  convenient  ; 
proper.  —  v.  t.  (7)  To  suit ; 
to  adapt :  to  qualifv. 

Fit'ful,  a.  Varied  by  fits. 
Fit'ly,  adv.    Suitably  ;  con- 
veniently. 
Fit'ness,  n.  State  of  being  fit. 

—  Syn.  Adaptation  ;  just- 
ness ;  propriety.  [priate. 

Fit'ting, jt>.  a.     Fit;  appro- 


g6n,  or,  do,  wglf,  too,  tdbk ;  to,  rue,  pyll ;  p,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


FIVE 


112 


FLEW 


Five,  w.  Four  and  one. 

Fix,  V.  t.  To  set  firmly  ;  to 
fasten. — v.  i.    To  settle. 

Fix-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  fixing ; 
firm  state.  [ing  fast. 

Fix'ed-ness,  n.    State  of  be- 

Fix'i-ty,  n.  Coherence  ;  fix- 
edness. 

Fixture  (Hkst/yijr),  n.  Fixed 
furniture,  or  appendage. 

Fizz,      )  V.   i.     To  make  a 

Fiz'zle,  )  hissing  sound  ;  to 
bungle.    •  [state. 

Flab'bi-ness,  n.     A  flabby 

Flab'by,  a.  Soft ;  yielding  ; 
loose  ;  easily  shaking,  [ber. 

Fla-c'gid,  a.    Weak  and  lim- 

Fla-e-Qid'i-ty,  n.  Laxness  ; 
want  of  tension. 

Flag,  V.  i.  To  become  weak  ; 
to  droop.  —  V.  t.  To  lay  with 
flags  or  flat  stones.  —  n. 
A  plant ;  a  flat  stone  ;  colors, 
or  an  ensign. 

Flag'el-late,  V.  t.  To  scourge. 

Flag'el-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
whipping.  [flute. 

Flag'eo-let,  n.      A  kind  of 

Fla-gi'tious  (-jTsh'us),  a.  Ex- 
tremely wicked  ;  atrocious. 

Flag'-6f'fi-ger,  n.  The  com- 
mander of  a  squadron. 

ri3,g'on,  n.  A  vessel  with  a 
narrow  mouth,  for  liquors. 

Fia'gran-gy,  n.  Heinous- 
ness ;  enormity. 

Fla'grant,  a.  Ardent ;  enor- 
mous ;  eager  ;  notorious. 

Fl^g'-ship,  n.  Ship  which 
bears  the  commander  of  a 
squadron. 

Fiag'-staff  (20),  n.  A  staff 
to  support,  a  flag. 

Flag'-stone,  n.  A  flat  stone 
for  a  pavement. 

Flail,  n.  An  instrurnent  for 
thrashing  grain. 

Flake,  n.  A  scale  of  snow;' 
a  scale  ;  a  scaffold.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  into  flakes.  —  v.  i. 
To  break  into  thin  layers  or 
scales.  [flakes. 

Flak'y,   a.      Consisting  of 

Flam,  n.  A  pretense  ;  a  lie. 

Flam'beau  (nrim'bd),  n.  A 
lighted  torch. 

Flame,  n.  Light  emitted  from 
fire;   blaze;  ardor.  —  v.  i. 


To  burn  with  a  blaze ;  to 

shine  as  fire. 
Flam'ing  (11),  a.  Burning 

with  blaze  ;  bright ;  violent. 
Fla-min'go,    n.  ^ 

A    bird    of   a  /  ^-i^^ 

bright  red  col-  V^^^^^ 

or,  with  long    .  . 

legs  and  a  long  y]U,  |\ 

neck. 

Flange,  n.  A^''^'''''n^^ 
projecting  edge  namingo. 
as  on   a  car- 
wheel. 

Flank,  n.  Side  of  the  body, 
or  of  an  arm)'  or  fleet.  —  r. 
t.  To  attack  or  turn  the 
flank  of ;  to  border  on. 

Flan'nel,  n.  A  soft  woolen 
cloth  of  loose  texture. 

Flap,  71.  A  piece  of  cloth  that 
flaps ;  noise  or  motion  of  a 
flap.  —  V.  t.  To  move  as 
wings.  —  V.  i.  To  make  a 
motion  as  with  wings. 

Flap'jack,  n.  A  griddle-cake. 

Flap'per,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  flaps. 

Flare,  v.  i.  To  waver  ;  to 
burn  with  an  unsteady  light. 
—  n.   An  unsteady  light. 

Flash,  n.  A  sudden  burst  of 
light.  —  V.  i.  To  burst  sud- 
denly, as  light.  [sipid. 

Flash'y,  a.  Gay  ;  showy  ;  in- 

Flask,  n.  A  narrow-necked 
bottle  ;  a  powder-horn. 

Fl^t,  a.  Level ;  insipid  ;  posi- 
tive :  in  music,  depressed.  — 
n.  A  level  piece  of  land ; 
a  shoal ;  mark  of  depres- 
sion (b)  in  music.  — v.  t.  To 
make  flat. —  v.  i.  To  be- 
come flat. 

Flat'ly,  adv.  Horizontally  : 
peremptorily. 

Fiat'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
flat.  [grow  flat. 

Fiat'ten,  V.     To  make  or 

♦Fiat'ter,  V.  t.  To  praise  false- 
ly, [ters. 

Fl§,t'ter-er,  n.  One  who  flat- 

Fiat'ter-y,  n.  Act  of  flatter- 
ing ;  adulation. 

F15,t'u-lenge,  n  .  Wind  in  the 
stomach  or  intestines. 

Flat'u-lent,  n.  Windy  ;  pro- 
ducing wind  in  the  stomach. 


Flaunt,  V.  i.  To  display  os- 
tentatiously. 

Fla'vor  (33),  n.  A  peculiar 
taste  or  smell ;  relish  ;  savor. 
—  V.  t.  To  give  a  pleasant 
taste  or  smell  to. 

Flaw,  n.  A  break  ;  sudden 
gust;  defect.  —  v.  t.  To 
break  ;  to  crack  ;  to  violate. 

Flaw'y,  a.    Having  flaws. 

Flax,  n.  A  plant  from  th« 
fiber  of  the  bark  of  which 
linen  is  made. 

Flax'en,  a.  Like,  or  pertain- 
ing to,  flax.  [skin  of 

Flay,  v.  t.    To  strip  off  the 

Flea,n,  A  troublesome  insect. 

Fleam,  n.  An  instrument 
for  opening  veins. 

Fleck,  V.  t.  To  spot;  to 
streak  or  stripe. 

Fle-C'tion,  n.  Act  of  bending. 

Fled,  iynp.  8c  p.  p.  of  Flee. 

Fledge,  v.  t.  To  furnish  with 
feathers,  [bird  just  fledged. 

Fledge'ling,  n.     A  young 

Flee,  V.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FLED.]  To  run  away  with 
rapidity. 

Fleege,  n.  Coat  of  wool  that 
covers  a  sheep.  —  v.  t.  To 
deprive  of,  or  as  of,  a  fleece. 

Flee'gy ,  a.  Covered  with  wool. 

Fleer,  v.  i.  To  grin  with 
scorn  ;  to  deride.  —  n.  De- 
rision ;  mockery. 

Fleet,  a.  Moving  with  Te- 
locity ;  quick  in  motion. —  n. 
A  number  of  ships  in  com- 
pany ;  a  navy.  —  v.  i.  To 
pass  swiftly  ;  to  flit. 

Fleet'ing,  a.  Not  durable.  — 
Syn.  Transient;  transitory. 

Fleet 'ness,  n.  Swiftness. 

Flem'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Flanders. 

F16sh,  n.  Softer  solids  of  ani- 
mals ;  animal  nature ;  hu- 
man family. — v.  t.  To  feed 
with  flesh  ;  to  glut ;  to  ac- 
custom. 

Flesh'-<56For  (-ktlPur),  n. 
The  color  of  the  flesh. 

Flesh'i-ness  (13),  n.  Corpu- 
lence, [real ;  carnal. 

FlSsh'ly,  a.  Animal ;  corpo- 

Flesh'y,  a.    Corpulent;  fat. 

Flew  (flu),  imp.  of  Fly. 


a, 6,1,0  ii,y,iow.ff;  a,g,i,  o,ii. 


1,    short;  c^re, car,  &sk,  all,  wh^t ;  Ore,  vgil,  term ;  pique,  firm  j 


FLEX 


113 


FLUVIATIC 


Flex,  V.  t.    To  bend. 

Flex'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Pliancy. 

Flex'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing bent.  — Syn.  Pliant; 
tractable ;  yielding. 

F16x'ion  (nek'shun),  n.  Act 
of  bending ;  a  fold  ;  a  turn. 

Flgx'u-ous  (flek/shjj-),  a. 
Bending ;  winding. 

Flex'ure  (flek-'shjjr),  n.  A 
bending  or  winding. 

Flick'er,  v.  i.  To  flutter ;  to 
flap  the  wings  as  a  bat. 

FlPer,  n.   One  that  flies. 

Flight  (flit),  n.  Act  of  flying ; 
flock  of  birds. 

Flight'i-ness  (riit'-)  n.  Ca- 
pricious feeling ;  delirium. 

Flight'y  (nit/5'),  a.  Wild; 
fanciful;  fleeting. 

Flim'§i-ness,  n.  Thin,  weak 
texture.  [feeble. 

Flim'gy,  a.    Slight;  weak; 

Flmch,  V.  i.  To  draw  back  ; 
to  shrink,  from  irresolution. 

Fling,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FLUNG.]  To  cast  from  the 
hand.  —  v.  i.  To  flounce; 
to  utter  harsh  language.  — 
n.    A  gibe  ;  a  sneer. 

Flint,  n.    A  very  hard  stone. 

Flint'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  re- 
sembling, flint ;  hard. 

Flip,  n.  A  drink  made  of  beer, 
spirit,  and  sugar,  heated. 

Flip'pan-Qy,  n.  Volubility. 

Flip'pant,  a.  Voluble;  pert. 

Flip'pant-ly,  adv.  In  a  flip- 
pant manner. 

Flirt,  V.  t.  To  throw  with  a 
jerk.  —  V.  i.  To  coquet.  — 
n.    A  jerk  ;  a  coquette. 

Flir-ta'tion,  w.  Desire  of  at- 
tracting notice ;  coquetry. 

Flit  (7),  t.  To  flutter;  to 
dart  along  ;  to  remove. 

Flitch,  n.  A  side  of  pork  cured. 

Float,  n.  Something  that 
swims;  a  raft.  —  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  swim  on  the  surface. 

Fl6€'€U-lent,  a.  Adhering 
in  small  locks. 

Flock,  n.     A  collection  of 
.^m.iU  animals  ;  a  lock  of 
wool.  — V.  i.    To  gather  in  | 
a  crowd  ;  to  assemble. 

^'lock'-bgd,  n.  A  bed  filled 
M  ith  locks  of  wool.  I 


Floe,  n.  A  mass  of  floating 
ice.  [to  chastise. 

F16g,_v.  t.  To  whip  ;  to  lash  ; 

Fldg'ging,  n.  Chastisement. 

Flood  (flud),n.  Flow  of  tide; 
the  sea  ;  inundation.  —  v  t, 
To  overflow  ;  to  inundate. 

Flood'-gate,  n.  A  gate  to 
stop  or  let  out  water. 

Floor,  n.  The  bottom  of  a 
room  or  of  a  building;  a 
story;  platform. — v.  t.  To 
cover  with  a  floor  ;  to  pros- 
trate ;  to  silence.  [floors. 

Floor'ing,  n.    Materials  for 

Flo'ra,  n.  All  the  vegetable 
species  native  in  a  given  lo- 
cality or  period.  [flowers 

Flo'ral,   a.     Pertaining  to 

Flo'ret,  n.  A  small  or  partial 
flower. 

Flor'id,  a.  Flushed  with  red. 

Flo-rid'i-ty,  n.  Freshness  or 
brightness  of  color. 

F16r'in,  n.  A  coin  of  differ- 
ent values. 

Flo'rist,  n.  One  who  culti- 
vates flowers. 

Flot'age,  n.  Act  of  floating ; 
something  that  floats. 

Flo-til'la,  n.    A  little  fleet. 

Fldt'sam,  )  n.  Goods  floating 

Fldt'son,  )     on  the  sea. 

Flounge,  v.  t.  To  deck  with 
flounces.  — v.  i.  To  struggle 
violently  ;  to  flounder.  —  n. 
Trimming  on  apparel ;  a 
sudden  jerk  or  dash. 

Floun'der,  v.  i.  To  flounce ; 
to  struggle  vio- 
lently.—  71.  A 
flat  fish  allied 
to  the  hali- 
but. Flounder. 

Flour,  n.  The  fine  part  of 
ground  grain. — v.  t.  To 
sprinkle  with  flour. 

Flour'ish  (flfir/ish),  v.  To 
thrive;  to  embellish;  to 
brandish .  —  n.  ( 18 )  Decora- 
tion;  show;  parade  of 
words ;  musical  embellish- 
ment. 

Flout,  V.  t.  To  treat  with 
contempt.  —  v.  i.  To  sneer. 
—  n.   Contemptuous  fling. 

Flow  (flo), -u.  ?'.  To  move,  as  a 
liquid;  to  rise  as  the  tide; 


to  hang  loo.se  and  waving. 

—  v.t.  To  cover  with  water. 

—  n.  A  stream  ;  current. 
Flow'er  (flour),  n.  The  blos- 
som of  a  plant  ;  choicest 
part.  —  V.  i.  To  blossom 
forth.  — V.  t.  To  embellish 
with  figures. 

Flow/er-de-luQe',n.  A  plant 
of  several  species  ;  iris. 

Flow'er-y,a.  Full  of  flowers; 
highly  ornamented. 

F16w'ing,a.   Liquid;  fluent. 

F15wn,  p.  p.  of  Flee  or  Fly. 

Flu€t'u-ate,  v.  i.  To  waver  ; 
to  rise  and  fall. 

Flu-et-'u-a'tion,  n.  Sudden 
rise  and  fall ;  undulation. 

Fliie ,  n.  A  passage  for  smoke. 

Flu'en-gy,  n.  Facility  of  ut- 
terance, [copious. 

Flu'ent,a.  Flowing ;  voluble ; 

Flii'ent-ly,  adv.  With  flow 
of  utterance ;  volubly. 

Flu'id,  a.  Having  parts  which 
easily  move,  as  water  or  air. 

—  n.    A  fluid  substance. 
Flu-id'i-ty,  n.     QuaUty  of 

being  fluid. 

Fluke,  n.  The  part  of  an 
anchor  which  fastens  in  the 
ground.  [ter. 

FlGme,  n.  A  channel  for  wa- 

Flum'mer-y,  n.  A  kind  of 
jelly  ;  flattery  ;  nonsense. 

Flung,  imp.  &  p.p.of  Fling. 

Flur'ry,  n.  A  hasty  blast; 
sudden  commotion. — v.  t. 
To  agitate. 

Flush,  a.  Fresh  ;  full  of  vig- 
or ;  affluent ;  liberal.  —  n. 
A  flow  of  blood  to  the  face. 

—  V.  i.  To  redden* suddenly. 

—  t'.  t.  To  make  red  ;  to 
start ;  to  cause  to  flush. 

Flus'ter,  v.  t.  To  confuse. 
F|ute,  n.    A  musical  pipe.  — 
t.  To  furrow  or  channel. 
Fllit'ist,  n.    A  performer  on 
*  tJie  flute. 

Flut'ter  (8),  v.  i.  To  move  or 
flap  the  wings  rapidly  ;  to 
fluctuate.  — v.t.  To  agitate  ; 
to  hurry  the  mind.  —  n. 
hurry ;  confusion. 
Flu'vi-al,  )  a.  Relating  to, 
Flu/vi-at'i-c,  j  or  growing 
in,  a  river. 


son ,  or,  do,  W9lf,  tOb,  tcTok ;  tim,  rije,  pull ;     ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  D  as  ng ;  tliis. 


FLUX 


lU 


FOREBODING 


Flux,  n.  A  flowing ;  a  sub- 
stance for  melting  metals  ; 
dysentery. 

riux'ion  (fluk/shun),  n.  A 
flowi  ng ;  a  method  of  mathe- 
matical analysis. 

Fly,  V.  1.  [imp.  FLEW  ;  p.  V- 
FLOWN.]  To  move  with 
the  wings  ;  to  move  rapidly. 

—  n.  (19)  A  winged  insect. 
Fly '-blow,  n.    The  egg  of  a 

fiy .  _  V.  t.^  To  lay  an  egg  in 

or  on,  as  a  fly. 
Fly'-leaf,  n.   A  blank  leaf  at 

the  beginning  or  the  end  of 

a  book. 
Foal,n.  The  young  of  a  mare. 

—  V.  i.  To  bring  forth  a  colt. 
Foam,  I',  t.    To  froth  ;  to  be 

in  a  rage.  —  n.  Froth  ;  rage. 

Foam'y,  a.  Covered  with 
foam  or  froth  ;  frothy. 

F6b,  n.  A  small  watch-pocket. 

Fo'cal,  a.  Belonging  to  a  fo- 
cus. 

Fo'-cus,  n.  ipl.  Fo'-cus-es, 
Fo'Qi,  25.)  A  point  in  which 
rays  of  light  meet;  a  cen- 
tral point. 

FSd'der,  n.  Food  for  cattle. 
V.  t.    To  feed,  as  cattle. 

Foe  (18),  n.  An  enemy  ;  an 
adversary ;  an  ill-wisher. 

F6g,  n.  A  thick  vapor  from 
the  earth  or  water. 

Fog'gi-ness  (13),  n.  State  of 
being  foggy,  [filled  with  fog. 

F6g'gy,  a.    Dark  with  a  fog  ; 

F6'gy,  n.  A  stickler  for  old 
things ;  one  opposed  to  prog- 
ress, [ness ;  a  failing. 

Foi'ble,  n,     A  moral  weak- 
Foil,  f.  t.  To  frustrate;  to  de- 
feat.—  n.    Defeat;  a  blunt 
sword;  a  thin  leaf  of  metal. 

Foist,  V.  t.  To  insert  wrong- 
fully or  secretly. 

Fold,  n.  A  doubling ;  a  plait ; 
a  pen  for  sheep.  —  v.  To 
double  over. 

Fold'er,  n.  An  instrument  to 
fold  paper.        [with  scales. 

Fo^li-a'ceous,  a.  Leafy  or 
Fo'li-age,  n.  Leaves  of  trees. 
F5']i-ate,  v.  t.  To  beat  into 
a  thin  plate.  [plates. 
Fo'li-a'tion,n.  A  beating  into 
F6'li-o  (fo/li-o  or  foKyo,  18),  n. 


A  book  of  two  leaves  to  a 
sheet ;  a  page. 
Folk  (fok),  or  Folks  (toks),n. 

pi.  People  in  general. 
F61'li-ele,  n.    A  pod  opening 

down  the  inner  suture. 
Fol'low,  V.    To  go  or  come 
after  ;  to  imitate;  to  suc- 
ceed ;  to  result. 
F61'low-er,  n.    One  who  fol- 
lows ;  a  diseiple. 
Fdl'ly,  n.  Want  of  sense ;  ab- 
surdity ;  criminal  weakness. 
Fo-ment',  v.  t.   To  apply  lo- 
tions to ;  to  encourage. 
Fo^'men-ta'tion,  n.   A  bath- 
ing with  warm  lotions. 
Fond,  a.  Foolish  ;  silly  ;  lov- 
ing ;  relishing  highly. 
Fdn'dle,  v.  t.    To  treat  with 

tenderness ;  to  caress. 
Fond'ling,  n.  One  fondled  or 

caressed  much. 
F6nd'ly,  adv.  Lovingly. 
Fond'ness,  n.  Affection  ;  love. 
F6nt,  n.    A  baptismal  basin ; 

an  assortment  of  type. 
Fdbd,n.  That  which  supplies 
nutriment.  —  Syn.  Suste- 
nance ;  provisions ;  fare. 
Fool,  w  .  One  destitute  of  rea. 
son  ;  a  buffoon.  —  v,t.  To 
impose  on. 
FdbPer-y,  n.    Acts  of  folly. 
Fobl'-hard^y,  a.  Madly  rash 

or  adventurous. 
Fdbl'ish,  a.  Silly  ;  indiscreet. 
Fdbl'ish-ly,  adv.     Weakly  ; 

absurdly. 
FdbPish-ness,  n.   Want  of 

understanding ;  folly. 
Fools '-cap,  n.    A  long  folio 

wridng  paper. 
Fdbt  (21),  n.  That  on  which 
a  thing  stands  ;  the  bottom 
of  the  leg ;  12  inches ;  meas- 
ure in  poetry  ;  infantry.  — 
V.  i.  To  dance  ;  to  walk.  — 
V.  t.  To  kick ;  to  tread  ;  to 
snm  up. 
Fdbt '-ball,  n.    An  inflated 

ball  for  kicking  about. 
Fdbt'-  *oy,  n.  A  boy  in  livery. 
Fdbt'ing,  n.    Ground  for  the 

foot ;  firm  position. 
Fdbt'man  (21),  n.    A  man- 
servant. 
Fdbt'pM,  n.  A  highwayman. 


F(5bt'-path,  n.    A  way  for 

foot-passengers . 
Fdbt'step,  n.  Mark  of  a  foot ; 

track  ;_mark;  way.  [feet. 
Fdbt'stdbl,  n.  A  stool  for  the 
F6p ,  n.  A  vain ,  trifling  fellow ; 

a  coxcomb  ;  a  dandy. 
F6p'per-y,  n.  Foolish  vanity 

in  dress  or  manners. 
F6p'pish,«.  Fop-like  ;  vain ; 

gaudy  ;  affected. 
F6p'pish-ness,  n.  Foppish 

dress  or  manners. 
For,  prep.    In  the  place  of; 

because  of.  —  conj.  Because. 
FSr'age,  n.    Food  for  horses 

or  cattle ;  provisions.  —  v.i. 

To  go  in  search  of  provision 

for  horses. 
F6r^a§-much',  adv.  or  conj. 

Since ;  seeing. 
Fo-ray',  or  F6r'ay,  n.  A 

pillaging  excursion. 
For-bMe',  mip.  of  Forbid. 
For-bear',  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp. 

FORBORE  ;  p.  p.  FOR- 
BORNE.] To  cease;  to  ab- 
stain ;  to  delay. 

For-be&r'ange,  n.  Long- 
suffering  ;  abstinence. 

For-bid',  t*.  t.  [imp.  forbid  ; 

p.    p.    FORBIDDEN.]  To 

command  not  to  do  ;  to  pro- 
hibit. 

For-bid'ding,  a.  Repulsive. 
For-borne',  p.  p.  from  For- 
bear. 

Forge,  n.  Strength  ;  active 
power ;  vigor  ;  efficacy  ;  ar- 
mament. —  V.  t.  To  compel ; 
to  urge  ;  to  ravish. 

Forge'-  meat,  n.  Spiced  meat 
chopped  fine. 

For'gi-ble  (11),  a.  Manifest- 
ing force  ;  violent;  mighty. 

For'gi-bly,  adv.  With  force. 

Ford,  n.  A  shallow  place 
where  water  is  passed  on 
foot.  —  V.  t.  To  pass  by  wad- 
ing, [foot. 

Ford'a-ble,  a.    Passable  on 

F5re,  a.  Coming  or  going 
first. — adv.  Before;  in  the 
forepart.  [forehand. 

Fore-arm',  v.  t.    To  arm  be- 

Fore-bode',  v.t.  To  prognos- 
ticate ;  to  predict,    [cation . 

Fore-bod'ing,  n.  Prognosti- 


a,€,I,5,u,y,;ow^/  5,B,!,6,u,5^,  short;  care, car, ask,  gU.wh^t;  gre,vfiil,  tSrm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


FORECAST 


115 


rORTIFICATIOlJ 


Fore-€ast',  v.  To  plan  before- 
hand. 

Fore'iJast,  n.  Contrivance  be- 
forehand ;  foresight. 

r6re'€&s-tle  (-k^s-l),n.  The 
forepart  of  a  ship,  under 
deck,  where  the  sailors  live. 

Fore-eloge',  v.  t.  To  shut  up  ; 
to  preclude;  to  cut  off  from 
right  of  redemption. 

rore-€lo§'iire  (-klo^'zhijr),  n. 
Act  of  precluding. 

Fore'fa-ther,  n.  An  ancestor. 

Fore'fin-ger,  n.  The  finger 
next  to  the  thumb. 

Fore-go',  v.  t.  [p.p.  fore- 
gone.] To  forbear ;  to  pos- 
sess   to  give  up.  [forehand. 

Fore-g6ne',  a.    Formed  be- 

Fore'ground,  n.  The  front 
part  of  a  picture. 

Fore'hand-ed,  a.  Early; 
timely  ;  easy  in  property. 

F6re'h6ad  (forced),  n.  Upper 
part  of  the  face. 

FSr'eign  ( f or'in ),  a.  Belong- 
ing to  another  country  ;  not 
to    the    purpose.  —  Syn. 
j      Alien  ;  remote  ;  extrinsic. 

F6r'eign-er  (tor'in-),  n.  An 
alien,  or  one  from  another 
country.         [know  before. 

Fore-know'  (-noO,  ^-  t.  To 

Fore-kn6wl'edge  (-noKej), 
n.  Knowledge  of  future 
events.  [or  cape. 

Fore'land,  n.   A  promontory 

Fore'ldck,  A  lock  of  hair 
on  the  forehead. 

Fore'man  (21),  n.  The  chief 
man  of  a  jury,  or  in  a  shop. 

Fore'most,  a.  First  in  order. 

Fore'nobn,  n.  First  half  of 
the  day.       [courts  of  law. 

Fo-ren'si€,  a.     Relating  to 

F5re/or-dain',  v.  t.   To  or- 
I      dain  beforehand. 
I   Fore-6r/di-na'tion,  n.  Pre- 
i       vious  appointment. 
'    Fore'part,  n.   Part  before. 
'    Fore-run',  v.  t.    To  precede. 
1    Fore-run'ner,  n.    One  sent 
before ;  a  precursor. 

Fore-see',  r.  t.  [p.p.  fore- 
seen.]   To  see  beforehand. 

Fore-.'^how',  v.  t.  [p.  p.  fore- 
shown.] To  indicate  be- 
forehand. 


Fore'sTght  (-sit),  n.  A  seeins: 

beforehand.  [wood. 
F6r'est,  n.  An  exten.sive 
Fore-stall',  v.  t.    To  buy,  as 

goods,'betore  they  reach  the 

market. 
F6r'est-er,    n.     One  who 

guards,  or  who  lives,  in  a 

forest. 

Fore'taste,  n.  Anticipation, 
—  V.  t.    To  anticipate. 

Fore-tell',  v.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
foretold.]    To  predict. 

Fore'thought  (-thawt),  n. 
Previous  thought ;  provi- 
dent care.  [show. 

F5re-t5'ken,  v.  t.    To  fore- 

Fore'top,  n.  Platform  at  the 
head  of  a  mast. 

For-6v'er,  adv.  Through 
endless  ages  ;  to  eternity. 

F5re-warn',  v.  t.  To  warn 
beforehand.  [admonition. 

Fore-warn'ing,  n.  Previous 

F6r'feit  '(f6r/i'it),  v.  t.  To  lose 
by  an  offense. — n.  What  is 
lost  b}'  an  offense. 

F6r'feit-a-ble,  a.  Subject  to 
forfeiture. 

F6r'feit-ure,  n.  Act  of  for- 
feiting ;  thing  forfeited. 

For-gave',  hnp.  of  Forgive. 

Forge,  n.  A  place  where  iron 
is  beaten  into  form.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  by  hammering ;  to 
counterfeit. 

For'ger,  n.    One  who  forges. 

For'ger-y,  n.  Act  of  coun- 
terfeiting or  falsifying. 

For-get',  V.  t.  [imp.  for- 
got ;  p.  p.  FORGOT,  for- 
gotten.] To  lose  the  re- 
membrance of.  . 

For-get'ful,  n.  Apt  to  forget. 

For-get'ful-ness,  n.  Aptness 
to  forget;  neglect. 

For-give',  v.  t.  [imp.  for- 
gave ;  p.  p.  FORGIVEN.] 
To  pardon. 

For-give'ness,  n.  Pardon. 

For-g6t',  imp.  &  p.  p.  from 
Forget.  [get. 

For-got'ten,  p.  p.  from  For- 

F6rk,r.  /.  or  t.  To  shoot  into 
branches  ;  to  divide.  —  n. 
An  instrument  with  prongs. 

Forked  (forkt),  a.  Divided 
into  branches  or  prongs. 


For-lorn',  a.  Forsaken  and 
wretched ;  helpless. 

Form,  n.  Shape;  figure; 
method  ;  manner  ;  model ; 
order  ;  show.  —  v.t.  To  give 
shape  to  ;  to  model ;  to  plan. 

Form,  n.    A  long  bench. 

Form'al,  a.  According  to 
form  ;  stiff ;  precise  ;  exact. 

Form'al -ist,  n.  An  observer 
of  forms. 

For-m5,l'i-ty,n.  Observance 
of  ceremony.         [to  forms. 

Form'al-ly,  adv.  According 

For-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of  form- 
ing ;  creation  ;  production. 

Form'a-tive,  a.  Forming  or 
tending  to  form. —  n.  A 
word  formed  agreeably  to 
some  analogy. 

Form'er,  n.  One  who  forms. 

For'mer,  a.  First  of  two  ; 
preceding  ;  previous. 

F6r'mer-ly,  adv.  In  time 
past;  of  old;  heretofore. 

F6r'mi-da-ble,  a.  Adapted 
to  excite  fear  ;  tremendous. 

F6r'mi-da-bly,  adv.  So  as  to 
excite  fear.  [form. 

F6rm'u-la  (25),  n.  Prescribed 

F6rm'u-la-ry,  n.  A  book  of 
stated  forms.  —  a.  Stated. 

F6r/ni-ea'tion,  n.  Inconti- 
nence of  unmarried  persons. 

For'ni-ca^tor,  n.  One  guilty 
of  fornication. 

For-sake',  v.  t.  [imp.  for- 
sook ;  p.  p.  FORSAKEN.] 
To  quit  entirely.  —  Syn. 
To  abandon ;  reUnquish. 

For-sak'en,  a.  Abandoned. 

For-sdbth',  adv.    In  truth. 

For-swear',  r.  t.  or  t.  [imp. 

FORSVV^ORE  ;  p.  p.  FOR- 
SWORN.] To  renounce  or 
deny  upon  oath  ;  to  swear 
falsely. 

Fort,  n.    A  fortress  ;  castle. 
F5rte,  n.    That  in  which  one 
excels. 

Forth,  adv.  Forward ;  abroad. 

Forth-eom'ing  (-kum'ing), 
a.  Ready  to  appear. 

Forth-with'  or  Forth-with', 
adv.  Immediately. 

F6r'ti-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Military 
architecture  ;  a  work  for  de- 
fense ;  a  fortified  place. 


«6n,  or,  dg,  w^lf,  tob,  t(5bk;  fim,  rjje,  pyll ;  p,     soft;  «,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


FORTIFY 


116 


FREE 


F6r'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  erect  works 
for  the  defense  of ;  to  con- 
firm. 

For'ti-tude,  n.  Firmness  of 
mind  to  endure.  —  Syn. 
Resolution  ;  endurance. 

Fort'night  (-mt),  n.  The 
space  of  two  weeks. 

For'tress,  n.  A  fortified  place. 

For-tu'i-tous,  a.  Accidental. 

For-tu'i-ty,  n.  Any  thing  oc- 
curring by  chance. 

F6rt'u-nate,  'a.  Lucky  ;  suc- 
cessful, [fully. 

F6rt-u-nate-ly,rtc??'.  Success- 

Fort'une  (tort/yun),  n.  The 
good  or  ill  that  befalls  man  ; 
luck;  riches. — v.  i.  To 
happen  ;  to  befall. 

For'ty,  a.  Four  tens  added. 

Fo'rum  (18),  n.  A  public 
place  in  Rome  ;  court  of 
justice;  tribunal. 

For 'ward,  a.  Being  before; 
prompt  ;  bold.  — v.  t.  To 
advance;  to  promote.  —  adv. 
In  front ;  onward. 

For'ward-ness,  n.  Eager- 
ness ;  promptness. 

F6sse,  n.    A  ditch  ;  a  moat. 

Fos'sil,  a.  Dug  from  the 
earth.  —  n.  A  petrified  plant 
or  animal  dug  from  the 
earth. 

F6s^sil-if' er-ous,  a.  Contain- 
ing fossil  remains. 

Fos'ter,  v.  t.  To  nurse  ;  to 
feed ;  to  cherish. 

Fos'ter-broth^er,  n.  One 
nursed  at  the  same  breast. 

Fos'ter-chlld,  n.  A  child 
nursed  by  another  than  its 
parent. 

Fotii'er,  n.  A  weight  of  lead. 
Fought  (fawt),  imp.  and  p.p. 

of  Fight. 
Foul,  a.  Turbid  ;  impure;  de- 
filed ;  not  clear  or  fair.  — 

V.  t.    To  make  foul. 
Foul'ly,  adv.  Filthily. 
Foul'ness,  n.  Filthiness. 
Found,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Find. 

—  V.  t.    To  lay  a  basis  ;  to 

cast  of  metal. 
Foun-da'tion,  n.  Settlement ; 

bottom  ;  support. 
Found'er,   n.       One  who 

founds  or  builds  ;  a  caster  of 


wares. — v.i.     To  fill  and 
sink.  —  V.  t.  To  make  lame,  i 
Foun'der-y, )  n.   A  place  for 
Found'ry,    j    casting  met- 
als. 

Found'ling,  n.    A  deserted 

or  exposed  child. 
Fount,        )  n.    A   spring  ; 
Fountain,  j    source  ;   jet ; 

head  of  a  river  ;  first  cause. 
Four,  a.  Two  and  two  added. 
Four'fdbt-ed,  a.  Having  four 

feet. 

Fpur'i-er-i§m,  n.  The  scheme 
of  Fourier  for  the  reorgan- 
ization of  society. 

Four'S€ore,  a.  Eighty. 

Four'teen,  n.  Four  and  ten. 

Fourth,  a.  Next  after  the 
third.  [place. 

Fourth'ly,  adv.  In  the  fourth 

Fowl,  n.  A  winged  animal  ; 
a  bird.  —  v.  i.  To  catch  or 
kill  wild  fowl. 

Fowl'er,  n.  A  sportsman  who 
catches  birds. 

Fowl'ing-pigge,  n.  A  gun  for 
shooting  birds, 

F6x,  n.  A  wild 
animal  remark- 
able for  its  cun 
ning. 

Fra'^as  (18),  n.  A  noisy  quar- 
rel. 

Fr^€'tion,  n.  Part  of  an  in- 
teger or  whole  number. 

Fra€'tion-al,  «.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  in,  frac- 
tions. 

Fra^aious  (frak'shus),  a. 
Cross  ;  fretful. 

Fra€t'ure,  n.  A  breach  of  a 
solid.  —  V.  t.  To  break  or 
crack,  as  a  bone. 

Frag'ile,  a.  Easily  broken  ; 
brittle  ;  weak. 

Fra-giPi-ty,  n.  Brittleness  ; 
frailty  ;  weakness. 

Frag'ment,  n.  A  piece  bro- 
ken off  ;  a  small  portion. 

Frag'ment-a-ry,  a.  Com- 
posed of  fragments. 

Fra'granQC,  n.  Sweetness  of 
smell. 

Fra'grant,  a.  Sweet-smell- 
ing. 

Frail,  a.  Weak  ;  liable  to  er- 
ror ;  of  easy  virtue. 


Fox. 


FraiPty,  n.  Weakness  ;  in- 
firmity ;  foible. 

Frame,  v.  t.  To  construct ; 
to  adjust  and  put  together ; 
to  form.  —  n.  Fabric  ; 
structure  ;  timbers  of  an 
edifice  ;  form  ;  humor. 

Frame'- work  (-wurk),  tu 
The  frame. 

Fran€,  n.  A  French  coin, 
value  of  18  cents,  6  mills. 

Fran'chise  (fran/chiz),  n.  A 
privilege  ;  immunity. 

Fran'chige-ment,  n.  Re- 
lease, [break. 

Fran^gi-ble,  a.     Liable  to 

Frank,  a.  Free  in  uttering 
sentiments  ;  without  dis- 
guise; candid;  ingenuous. 
—  n.  A  free  letter,  or  that 
which  makes  it  so.  —  v.  t. 
To  exempt  from  postage. 

Frank-in'gense,  or  Frank'- 
in-gense,  n.  A  fragrant 
resinous  substance.  [ly. 

Fr3,nk'ly,  adv.  Freely  ;  open- 

Frank'ness,  n.  Ingenuous- 
ness ;  openness. 

Fran'ti€,  a.  Transported 
with  passion  ;  wild. 

Fra-ter'nal,  a.  Brotherly. 

Fra-ter'ni-ty,  n.  A  brother- 
hood. 

Fra'ter-nTze,  or  Fra-ter'- 
nlze,  V.  i.  To  associate  as 
brothers. 

Frat'ri-Qide,  n.  Murder,  or 
the  mhrderer,  of  a  brother. 

Fraud,  n.  Deception  ;  deceit. 

Fraud'u-lenge,  w.  Fraud  ; 
deceitfulness. 

Fraud'u-lent,  a.  Deceitful; 
crafty  ;  trickish. 

Fraught  (frawt),  a.  Loaded  ; 
laden  ;  filled  ;  full. 

Fray,  n.    A  quarrel ;  a  riot. 

Freak,  n.  A  whim ;  a  no- 
tion, [odd. 

Freak 'ish,  a.     Whimsical ; 

Freck'le  (frek^l),  n.  A  yellow- 
ish spot  on  the  skin.  [les. 

Fr6ck'led,  a.    Full  of  freck- 

Fr6ck'ly,  a.  Marked  with 
freckles. 

Free,  a.  Being  at  liberty; 
candid  ;  liberal ;  easy  ;  licen- 
tious.—v.  t.  To  deliver 
from  restraint. 


a,  g, T,  o,  u,  5^,  long ;  a,  e,  i,  6,  Q,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  tSrm  ;  pique,  fTnui 


FREEBOOTER 


FROSTY 


Free'bdbt-er,  n.  A  robber.  I 
Free'bdrn,  a.  Born  free.  | 
Freed'man  (21),  n.   A  man  , 

freed  from  slavery. 
Free'dom,   n.     Exemption  I 
from  the  control  of  another  ; 
liberty  ;  familiarity. 
Free'hold,  n.    Laud  held  by 
free  tenure.  [freehold. 
Free'hold-er,  n.    Owner  of  a 
Free'ly,  adv.     At  liberty  ; 

liberally  ;  in  abundance. 
Free'man  (21),  n.    One  who 
enjoys  liberty,  or  is  entitled 
to  the  privileges  of  citizen- 
ship. 

Free'-s€hool  (-skcTol),  n.  A 
school  open  to  all. 

Free'stone,  n.  A  sandstone 
easily  cut. 

Free'thi^ik-er,  n.  One  who 
disbelieves  in  revelation. 

Free-will',  n.  Power  of  act- 
ing at  pleasure. 

Freeze,  v.   t.  or  i.  [imp. 

FROZE  ;   p.  p.  FROZEN.] 

To  congeal  with  cold  ;  to 

die  by  cold. 
Freight  (frat),  n.    Lading  of 

a'ship.  —  V.  t.    To  load,  as 

a  vessel. 
Freighter  (frat'-),  n.  One 

who  receives  and  forwards 

freight. 

Frfinch,  a.  Belonging  to 
France.  — n.  The  language 
of  France. 

French'-horn,  n.  A  wind- 
instrument  of  music. 

FrSn'zy,  n.  Distraction  of 
mind.  [often  repeated. 

Fre'quen-gy,  n.  Occurrence 

Fre'quent,  a.  Often,  done, 
or  happening. 

Fre-qu6nt',  v.  t.  To  visit 
often. 

Fre-quent'a-tive,  a.  Denot- 
ing frequent  repetition. 

Fre'quent-ly,  adv.  Often. 

Fr§s'€0,  n.  A  kind  of  paint- 
ing on  plaster. 

Fresh,  a.  New  and  strong; 
recently  made,  or  obtained  ; 
raw  ;  green  ;  cool  ;  brisk ; 
not  salt.  —  n.    A  freshet. 

Fresh'en  (fresh/n),  i>.  i.  To 
make  fresh  ;  to  revive. 

Fresh'et,  n.  A  flood  in  rivers. 


FrSsh'ly,  adv.  In  a  fresh 
manner ;  newly. 

Frgsh'man  (21),  n.  One  of 
the  youngest  class  in  an 
American  college. 

Fresh'ness,  n.  State  of  ber 
ing  fresh. 

Fr6t  (7),  V.  t.  or  i.  To  irri- 
tate ;  to  be  peevish  ;  to  cor- 
rode. —  n.  Irritation  of 
mind. 

Fret'ful  (17),  a.  Disposed  to 
fret.  —  Syn.  Peevish  ;  cross. 

Fret'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  fretful 
manner  ;  peevishly. 

Fret'ful-ness,  n.  Peevish- 
ness." [work. 

Fr§t'work  (-wQrk),  71.  Raised 

FrPa-bil'i-ty ,    I  n.  The  qual- 

Fri'a-ble-ness, )  ity  of  be- 
ing easily  reduced  to  powder. 

Fri'a-ble,a.  Easily  crumbled. 

Fri'ar,  n.  A  member  of  any 
religious  order;  a  monk. 

FrPar-y,  n.    A  monastery. 

Fri-e^as-see',  n.  Dish  of 
stewed  or  fried  fowls.  —  v.  t. 
To  dress  in  fricassee. 

Fri-e'tion,  n.  A  rubbing ; 
attrition.         [of  the  week. 

Fri'day,  n.    The  sixth  day 

Friend,  n.  A  person  attached 
to  another  by  affection  ;  a 
Quaker.  [friends. 

Friend'less,  a.  Without 

Friend'li-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  friendly. 

FriSnd'ly,  a.  Kind  ;  amica- 
ble ;  favorable. 

Friend'ship,  n.  Intimacy 
based  on  mutual  esteem. 

Frieze,  n.  A  coarse  woolen 
cloth,  with  a  nap ;  part  of 
an  entablature  of  a  column. 

Frig'ate,  n.  A  ship  of  war, 
carrying  from  28  to  50  guns. 

Fright  (frit),  n.  Sudden  ter- 
ror; panic. 

Fright'en  (fvWn),  v.  t.  To 
affect  with  sudden  terror. 

Fright'ful  (frit/-),  a.  Adapt- 
ed to  excite  sudden  terror. 

Fright'ful-ly  (frit/-),  adv. 
Dreadfully. 

Fright'ful-ness  (frit/-),  n. 
Quality'  of  impressing  sud- 
den terror.  [sensible. 

Frig'id,  a.    Cold;  dull;  in- 


Fri-gid'i-ty,  n.  Coldness. 

Frill  (1),  71.    A  ruffle. 

Fringe,  n.  A  kind  of  trim- 
ming. —  V.  t.  To  adorn 
with  fringe. 

Frip'per-y,  n.  Old  clothes; 
useless  matter. 

Frisk,!',  t.  To  leap  ;  to  dance. 

Frisk'i-ness  (13),  n.  Liveli- 
ness; gayety.  [some. 

Frisk'y,  a.  Lively ;  frolic- 
Frith,  n.  Narrow  arm  of  a  pea. 

Frit'ter,  n.  A  kind  of  pan- 
cake. —  V.  t.  To  break  into 
fragments. 

Fri-v61'i-ty,  n.  Acts  or  habits 
of  trifling.  [fling- 

Friv'o-lous^  a.     Light ;  tri- 

Friz,  or  Fnzz,  v.  t.  To  curl 
or  crisp. 

Friz'zle  (frtz^zl),  v.  t.  To  crisp 
in  short  curls.  —  n.  A  Uttle 
crisp  curl. 

Fro,  adv.    From  ;  back. 

Fr6ck,  n.  An  outer  garment. 

Fr6g,  n.  A  Avell-known  am- 
phibious animal. 

Fr61'i€  (5),  a.  Playful.  —  n. 
A  wild  prank  ;  meniment. 
—  V.  i.  (6)  To  be  merry. 

Fr61'i-e-s6me,  a.  Full  of  gay- 
ety and  mirth. 

Fr6m,  prep.  Out  of ;  by  rea- 
son of ;  by  aid  of. 

Frdnd,  n.  The  leaf  peculiar 
to  palms  and  ferns. 

Fron-des'genge,  n.  Time  of 
putting  forth  leaves. 

Front  (frunt),  n.  The  fore- 
part ;  forehead  ;  face  ;  im- 
pudence.—  V.  t.  To  stand 
before ;  to  stand  or  oppose 
face  to  face.  —  v.  i.  To  stand 
foremost  or  opposite. 

Frontpage,  n.  The  front  part 
of  an  edifice  or  lot. 

Front'ier,  n.  The  utmost 
verge  of  a  country.  —  a. 
Bordering. 

FrSnt'is-piege,  n.  A  picture 
at  the  beginning  of  a  book. 

Front'let,  n.  A  bandage  worn 
on  the  forehead. 

Fr6st,  n.  Frozen  dew.  —  v.  t. 
To  cover  with  frost,  or  with 
something  like  frost. 

Frosfy,  a.  Like  frost ;  freez- 
ing. 


86n.  or.  do.  wolf,  too,  took :  flrn.  rue,  pull ;  c,     soft ;     g.  hard;      ;  exist ;  fi  as  ng  ;  tiiis. 


FEOTH 


118 


FURZE 


Fr6th,  n.  Foam ;  empty  show 
of  wit. 

Froth'y,  a.    Full  of  froth. 

Frounge,  v.  t.    To  frizzle. 

Frou'zy,  a.    Musty  ;  fetid. 

Fro' ward,  a.  Perversely  dis- 
obedient. —  Syn.  Refract- 
ory ;  wayward ;  cross. 

Frown,  n.  A  scowl.  —  v.  i. 
To  express  displeasure  by 
contracting  the  brow ;  to 
scowl. — V.  I.  To  rebuke 
with  a  look.  [Freeze. 

Froze,  imp.  and  p.  p.  of 

Frd'zen,  p.  p.  of  Freeze. 

Fru€/ti-fi-€a'tioR,  n.  Act 
of  fructifying. 

Fru€'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
fruitful ;  to  fertilize. 

Fru'gal,  a.  Saving  of  ex- 
penses ;  economical. 

Fru-gal'i-ty,  n.  Prudent 
economy  ;  thrift.  [omy. 

Fru'gal-ly,  ac/v.    With  econ- 

Frii-gifer-ous,  a.  Bearing 
or  producing  fruit. 

Fruit,  n.  Produce  of  the 
earth,  of  trees,  or  animals; 
effect  or  consequence,  [eral, 

Fruit'age,  n.    Fruit  in  gen- 

Friiit'er-er,  n.  One  who  deals 
iri  fruit.      [fertile;  prohfic. 

Fruit'ful,a.  Producing  fruit; 

Friiit'ful-ness,  n.  Produc- 
tiveness ;  fertility. 

Fru-i'tion  (-Ysh/un),  n.  En- 
joyment ;  realization. 

Fruit'less,  a.  Destitute  of 
fruit. 

Fruit'-tree,  n.  A  tree  culti- 
vated for  its  fruit. 

Fru'men-ty,  n.  Food  made 
of  wheat  boiled  in  milk. 

Friish,  n.  A  tender  horn  in 
the  sole  of  a  horse. 

Frus'trate,  v.  t.  To  disap- 
point :  to  defeat ;  to  nullify. 

Frus-tra'tion,  n.  Disappoint- 
ment ;  defeat, 

Frus'tum,  n.  {pi.  Frus'ta  or 
Frus'tumg.)  Part  of  a 
solid  left  after  cutting  off 
the  top. 

Fry,  V.  t.  To  cook  with  fat 
in  a  frying-pan. — v.  i.  To 
b(i  heated,  as  meat  in  a  pan 
over  the  fire.  — n.  A  crowd 
of  small  fish. 


Fr^'ing-p3,n,  n.  A  kitchen 
utensil  to  fry  food  in. 

FM'dle,  V.  t.  To  make  drunk. 

Fu'el,  n.  Any  substance  that 
feeds  fire,    [away  ;  volatile. 

Fu-ga'cious,     a.  Fleeing 

Fu-gag'i-ty,  n.  Volatility. 

Fu'gi-tive,  a.  Flying ;  wan- 
dering. —  n.    A  runaway. 

Fu'gle-man  (21), n.  One  who 
stands  in  front  of  soldiers  at 
drill  to  direct  them. 

Fugue  (fug),  71.  A  repetition 
of  parts  in  music. 

Ful'-erum,     n.  ^  p 

{pL  Ful'-era  or  jk  ' 
Ful'-erumg,  up 
25.)    The  prop  r^iemm. 
on    which    a       lever;  c, 
lever  rests.         fulcrum;  w, 

Ful-fill'  (  (16),  V.  t.  weight. 

Ful-fil'  S  To  carry  into  etfect. 

Ful-filPment,  /  n.    Perform - 

Ful-firment,  i  ance. 

Full,  a.  Having  all  it  can  con- 
tain ;  complete.  —  n.  Com- 
plete measure. — adv.  Quite. 
—  V.  t.  To  thicken  and 
scour,  as  cloth,  in  a  mill. 

Full'er,  w.  One  who  fulls  cloth. 

Full'ness,  i  n.   State  of  being 

Ful'ness,  i    full ;  repletion. 

Ful'ly,  adv.     To  the  full. 

Fiil'mi-nate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
explode  I  to  denounce. 

FuPmi-na'tion,  n.  Explo- 
sion; denunciation  of  cen- 
sure, [gusting. 

Ful'some,  a.     Gross  ;  dis- 

Fum'ble,  v.  i.  To  attempt 
awkwardly  ;  to  grope  about. 

Fume,  n.  Vapor  ;  rage.  — 
v.  i.    To  smoke ;  to  rage. 

Fu'mi-gate,  v.  t.  To  smoke. 

Fu'mi-ga'tion,  n.  Dilfusion 
of  smoke  or  vapors. 

Fun,  n.    Sport ;  merriment. 

Fun€'tion,  n.  Office ;  em- 
ployment,    [to  some  office. 

Fun€'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining 

Fiin-e'tion-a-ry,  w.  One  who 
holds  an  office ;  an  official. 

Fund,  n.  A  stock  ;  capital  ; 
(pi.)  money  for  supplies. — 
v.  t.    To  invest  in  funds. 

Fun'da-ment,  n.    The  seat. 

Fun-'da-mSnt'al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  foundation. 


FunMa-ment'al-ly,  adv. 
Primarily  ;  essentially. 

Fu'ner-al,  n.  A  burial.  —  a. 
Used  at  the  interment  of  the 

.  dead.  [neral. 

Fu-ne're-al,  a.  Suiting  a  fu- 

Fun-g6s'i-ty,  n.  Fungous  ex- 
crescence,    [room  ;  spongy. 

Fun'gous,  a.    Like  a  mush- 

Fun'gus,  n.  An  order  of 
pfauts  including  mush- 
rooms, mold,  &c.  ;  proud 
flesh. 

Fu-ni«'u-lar,  a.  Consisting 
of  a  small  fiber. 

Fun'nel,  n.  Passage  for 
smoke ;  a  tunnel. 

Fun'ny,  a.    Droll ;  comical. 

Fur,w.  Fine,  soft  hair ;  skins. 

Fur'be-low,  n.  Fur  or  fringe 
round  the  lower  part  of  a 
lady's  dress.  [scour. 

Fur'bish,  v.  t.  To  polish  ;  to 

Fur'-cate,  a.  Forked. 

Fu'ri-ous,  a.  Rushing  vio- 
lently.—Syn.  Vehement; 
boisterous;  fierce;  mad. 

Fu'ri-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
great  vehemence ;  madly. 

Furl,  v.  t.  To  fold  and  fasten 
to  a  yard,  &c.  [mile. 

Fur'long,  n.    Eighth  of  a 

Fur'lough  (far^lo),  n.  Tem- 
porary leave  of  absence. 

Ffir'nage,  n,  A  place  for 
melting  metals,  &c. ;  an  in- 
closed fire-place. 

Ffir'nish,  v.  t.  To  supply  ;  to 
provide  ;  to  equip,  [goods. 

Fur'ni-tiire,    n.  Movable 

Fur'ri-er,n.  A  dealer  in  furs. 

Fur'r5w,  n.  A  trench  made 
by  a  plow.  —  v.  t.  To  cut  in 
furrows ;  to  wrinkle. 

Fur'ry,  a.  Cov(!red  with  fur. 

Fur'tiier,  a.  More  distant ; 
additional.  —  adv.  To  a 
greater  distance.  —  v.  t.  To 
assist ;  to  promote.  [tion. 

Fur'tiier-ange,  n.  Promo- 
Fur 'tiier-more,  adv.  More- 
over ;  besides. 

Fur'ther-most,  )  a.  Most 

Fur't±iest,  I  distant. 

Fur'tive,  a.  Obtained  by 
stealth ;  secret ;  sly. 

Furze,  n.  A  thorny  ever- 
green shrub. 


a, 6,  T,  6,  u,  y,  long;  fi, 6,  tt, short;  care,  car,  ^sk,  all, wh§i ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  ; 


FURY 

Fu'ry,  n.  Madness ;  passion ; 
a  ragiug  woman. 

Fu§e,  V.  t.  To  liquefy  by 
l^eat.  —  V.  i.    Tq  be  melted. 

"Fu-see',  n.    A  firelock. 

Fu/§i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  fusible.  [melted. 

Fu'§i-ble,a.  Capable  of  being 

Fu'sil,  a.  Capable  of  being 
melted.  —  n.  A  light  mus- 
ket. 

Fu'si-leer',  n.  An  infantry 
fioldies  with  a  bear-skin  cap. 


119 

Fu'§ion  (fu^zhun),  n.  The 

operation  of  converting  a 

solid  into  a  liquid  by  heat ; 

union,  as  of  parties. 
Fuss,  n.   A  tumult ;  bustle. 
Fuss'y,  a.    Bustling  in  small 

matters. 
Fus'tian  (fust^^an),  n.  A 

kind  of  coarse  cotton  stuflf ; 

a  swelling  style  ;  bombast. 
Fu'tile,  a.    Useless;  vain; 

worthless ;  ineffectual. 
Fu-tU'i-ty,  n.    Want  of  im- 


GAME 

portance  or  effect;  useless- 
ness. 

Fut'tock,  n.  One  of  the 
timbers  over  a  ship's  keel. 

Future  (fut/yur),  a.  Liable 
to  come  or  be  hereafter.  — 

.  n.    Time  to  come. 

Fu-tu'ri-ty,  n.  Future  time 
or  event ;  the  future. 

Fuzz  (3),  V.  i.  To  fly  off  iu 
small  particles.  —  n.  Fine, 
light  particles.  [tempt. 

Fy,  interj.  Expressing  con- 


G. 


GAB,  n.    The  month  ;  lo- 
quacity. 
G3,b'ar-dine,  «.   A  kmd  of 

coarse  frock. 
G^b'ble,  V.  i.  To  talk  fast  or 
without  meaning. — n.  Loud 
or  rapid  and  senseless  talk. 
Ga'bl-on,  n.    A  wicker  cylin- 
der filled  with  earth,  used  in 
hasty  defenses. 
Ga'ble,  n.     Triangular  end 

of  a  building. 
GM,  V.  i.  To  ramble  or  rove. 
Gad'a-bout,  I  n.     One  who 
GM'der,      )     roves  about 
idly.  [stings  cattle. 

G^d'fly,  w.  An  insect  which 
GMf  (1),        A  sort  of  boom 

or  yard. 
Gag,  V.  t.  To  stop  the  mouth 
of.  —  V.  i.    To  heave  with 
nausea.  —  n.  Something 
thrust  into  the  mouth,  to 
hinder  speaking. 
Gage,  n.   A  pledge  ;  a  meas- 
ure.—  v.t.    To  pledge;  to 
measure,  as  a  cask. 
Gai'ly.    See  Gayly. 
Gain,  n.    Profit ;  advantage. 

—  V.  t.  To  obtain  ;  to  reach. 
Gain'ful  (17),  a.  Producing 

profit";  lucrative. 
Gain-say',  or  Gain'say,  v.  t. 

[i77ip.  &  p.  p.  G-AINSAID.] 
To  deny  ;  to  contradict. 
Gain-say'er,  or  Gain'say-er, 
n.  One  who  gainsays. 


Gair'ish,  a.  Gaudy ;  showy. 

Gait,  n.   Manner  of  walking. 

Gait'er,  n.  A  covering  for  the 
leg  or  foot. 

Ga'la,  n.    Show;  festivity. 

Gai'ax-y,  n.  The  milky  way ; 
a  splendid  assemblage. 

Gale,  n.    A  strong  wind. 

Gall  (1),  n.  The  bile  ;  rancor  ; 
an  excrescence  on  the  oak. 
—  V.  t.  To  hurt  the  skin  of; 
to  fret ;  to  vex. 

Gal-iant',  n.  A  man  attentive 
to  ladies ;  a  lover.  —  v.  t.  To 
wait  on,  as  a  lady.  —  a.  Po- 
lite and  attentive  to  ladies. 

Gai'lant,  a.  High-spirited; 
daring  in  fight ;  brave. 

Gal'lant-ly,  adv.  Bravely. 

Gal-lant'ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  a  gallant. 

Gal'lant-ry,  n.  Bravery :  no- 
bleness :  politeness  to  ladies. 

G^l'le-on,  w.  A  large  Spaniish 
ship  formerly  in  use. 

Gal'ler-y  (19),  n.  A  platform 
with  seats,  supported  by 
brackets  or  pillars. 

Gai'ley  (19),  w.  A  kind  of  low 
flat-built  vessel ;  cook-room 
of  a  ship  of  war ;  a  frame 
for  holding  type  that  has 
been  set  up. 
GaFley-slave,  n.    A  slave 

who  works  in  the  galleys. 
Gai'li€,  a.    French.  [om. 
Gal'li-Qigm,  n.  A  French  idi- 


G&lli-g^ts'Tcins,  n.  pi.  Leath- 
er guards  for  "the  legs. 

Ga,Hi-na'ceoiis,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  barn-door  fowls. 

Gal'li-p6t,  n.  A  small  pot 
painted  and  glazed,  used  by 
apothecaries. 

Gall'-nut,  n.  An  excrescence 
on  the  oak.  [quarts. 

Gal'lon,  n.  A  measure  of  four 

Gal-loon',  n.  A  kind  of  rib- 
bon of  silk,  cotton,  &c. 

G^Plop  (8),  V.  i.  To  move  by 
leaps,  as  a  horse.  —  n.  A 
running  by  leaps. 

Gal'lows  (gill/lus), 
n.  A  frame  for 
the  execution  of 
criminals. 

Ga-loQhe'  (-16sh/),| 
n.  An  over-shoe. 

Gal-van'i€,      a.  Gallows. 
Pertaining  to  galvanism. 

Gal'van-i§m,  n.  A  species  of 
electricity. 

Gal'van-ize,  v.  t.  To  affect  by 
galvanism. 

Gam'ble,  V.  i.  To  play  for 
money. 

Gam'bler,  n.  One  who  gnm- 
Gam-boge',  or  Gam-boge', 

M.   A'yellowish  gum-resin 
Gam'bol,  n.   A  skipping  and 
leaping.  —  v.  i.  To  leap  and 
skip.  [horse. 
Gam'brel,  n.    Hind  leg  of  a 
Game,  n.    Sport;  play;  ani- 


66n,  or,  do,  wQlf,  too,  t(5bk  ;  firn,  rye,  pi.Ul ;  9,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  ag ;  exist ;  q     ng ;  &is. 


GAMESOME 

mals  hunted.  —  v.  i.  To 

play  for  mone}'^  ;  to  sport. 

Game 'some,  a.  Gay ;  sport- 
ive, [to  gaining. 

Game'ster,  n.   One  addicted 

Gam'mon,  n.  Thigh  of  a  hog 
smoked;  a  hoax;  humbug. 
— V.  t.  To  pickle  and  smoke  ; 
to  impose  upon.  [music. 

Gam'ut,  n.    Scale  of  notes  in 

Gan'der,M.  Male  of  the  goose. 

Gang,  n.    A  crew ;  a  band. 

Gan'gli-on,  n.-  A  tumor  in 
the  tendinous  parts. 

Gan'grene,  n.  Mortification 
of  flesh. — V.    To  mortify. 

Gan'gre-noiis,  a.  Mortified. 

G3,ngTie  tgang),  n.  The  min- 
eral substance  inclosing  a 
Tein  of  metallic  ore. 

Gang' way,  n.    A  passage 

Gant'let,  n.  A  kind  of  mili- 
tary punishment. 

6aol  (jal),  n.  A  jail. 

Gap, 71.  Abroach;  opening. 

Gape,  V.  i.  To  open  the  mouth 
wide.  [pearance. 

Garb,  n.  Clothes;  dress;  ap- 

Garb'age,  n.  Offals  of  ani- 
mals, [to  mutilate. 

Gar'ble,  v.  t.    To  pick  out; 

Gar'den,  n.  A  place  for  the 
cultivation  of  plants,  fruits, 
flowers,  &c.        [a  garden. 

Gar'den-er,  n.  One  who  tills 

Gar'get,  n.  A  disease  in  the 
udders  of  cows. 

Gar'gle,  v.  t.  To  rinse,  as  the 
throat. — n.  A  liquid  for 
washing  the  throat. 

Gar'land  (18),  n.  A  wreath  of 
flowers. 

Gar'Ii-c,  n.  A  plant  having  a 
strong  smell  and  taste. 

Gar'ment,  n.  An  article  of 
clothing. 

Gar'ner,  n.  A  store-house  for 
grain.  —  v.  t.  To  store  in  a 
granary.  [or  gem . 

Gar'net,  n.    A  red  mineral 

Gar'nish,  v.  t.  To  adorn  ;  to 
decorate. — n.  Decoration. 

Gar^nish-ee',  n.  One  in  whose 
hands  property  of  another 
is  attached. 

Gar'nish-ment,  )  n.  Fumi- 

Gar'ni-tiire,  )  ture;  or- 
nament; decoration. 


120 

G5.r'ret,  n.   Part  of  a  house 

directly  under  the  roof. 
Gar^ret-eer',  n.    One  who 

lives  in  a  garret. 
Gar'ri-son,  n.    A  body  of 

troops  in  a  fort.  —  v.  t.  To 

place  soldiers  in  for  defense. 
Gar-rote',  v.  t.    To  seize  by 

the  throat  from  behind,  so  as 

to  strangle  and  rob,  [ness. 
Gar-ru'li-ty,  n.  Talkative- 
Gar 'rii-loiis,  a.  Talkative; 

loquacious. 
Gar'ter,  n.    A  band  to  hold 

up  a  stocking.  —  v.  t.  To 

fasten  with  a  garter. 
Gas,  n.    (pi.  Gas'es,  7,  18) 

An  aeriform,  elasttc  fluid. 
Gas^-eon-ade',  n.  A  boasting. 

—  V.  i.  To  boast.  [gas. 
Ga§'e-ous,  a.  In  the  form  of 
Gash,w.  A  deep  and  long  cut. 

—  V.  t.  To  make  a  long, 
deep  cut  in. 

Gas-om'e-ter,  n.  A  reservoir 
for  collecting  gases. 

Gasp,  V.  i.  To  labor  for 
breath.  — v.  t.  To  emit  con- 
vulsively.—  n.  A  painful 
catching  of  the  breath. 

Gas'tri-e,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
stomach. 

Gas-tron'o-mer,  n.  One  who 
likes  good  living. 

Gas^tro-n6m'i-e,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  gastronomy. 

Gas-tr6n'o-my,  n.  Art  of 
good  living ;  epicurism. 

Gate,  n.  Passage-way ;  a  large 
door  or  frame- work  for  clos- 
ing a  passage.         [a  gate. 

Gate'way,  n.  A  way  through 

Gath'er, r .  /.  or  r.  To  collect. 

—  n.    A  plait  or  fold. 

Gaud'i-ness,  n.  Showiness. 

Gaud'y  (13),  a.  Showy  ;  os- 
tentatiously fine. 

Gauge  (g5j),v.  t.  To  measure 
the  contents  of,  as  of  a  cask. 

—  n.  A  measure  ;  a  rod  for 
measuring.  [gauges. 

Gaug'er  (ga/jer),n.  One  who 
Gaunt  (gant),  a.  Lean  ;  thin. 
Gaunt'let,  n.   A  glove  with 

metal  plates  on  the  back  ;  a 

long  glove. 
Gauze ,  w .  A  thin  silk  or  linen. 
Gave,  imp.  of  Give. 


Gazelle. 


GENERALIZATION 

Gav'el,  n.  A  small  heap  of 
grain  ;  mallet  of  a  presiding 
officer. 

Gawk,  71.  ^  cuckoo  ;  a  fool. 

Gawk'y,  a.  Foolish ;  awk- 
ward. —  71.  An  awkward  or 
stupid  person. 

Gay,  a.  Cheerful;  merry;  jo- 
vial ;  fine  ;  showy. 

Gay'e-ty,  n.  Merriment. 

Gay'ly  (14),  Merrily. 

Gaze,  v.i.  To  look  intently. 
—  n.  A  fixed  or  eager  look. 

Ga-zelle',  n.  A 
kind  of  antelope. 

Ga-zette',  n.  A 
newspaper. —  v. 
t.  To  announce 
officially. 

Gaz^et-teer', 
A  geographical  dictionary  ; 
a  writer  for  a  gazette. 

Gaz'ing-stock,  n.  One  gazed 

_  at  with  scorn. 

Gear,  n.  Goods  ;  dress  ;  ap- 
paratus; harness.  — u.  /.  To 

_  put  gear  on. 

Geese,  n.  pi.  of  Goose. 

(jel'a-tme  (30),  7i.  An  animal 
substance  that  forms  jelly. 

Ge-iat'i-nous,  a.  Of  the  nat~ 

_  ure  of  gelatine. 

Geld,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
GELDED  or  GELT.]  To  cas- 

.  trate. 

Gel'id,  a.  Cold,  or  very  cold. 
Gem,  71.    A  bud  ;  a  precious 
stone.— f.      (7)  To  adorn 
with  jewels.  —  v.  i.  To  bud. 
Gem-ma'tion,  n.    Form  of 
,  budding  in  plants. 
Gen'der,  n.    Sex,  male  or  fe- 
male. —  V.  To  beget ;  to  en- 
.  gender,     [ing  to  genealogy. 
G6n/e-a-I6g'i€-al,  a.  Pertain- 
Gen/e-al'o-gist,    n.  One 
_  skilled  in  genealogy. 
G^n^e-ai'o-gy,  n.  Hii-tory  of 
descents;  lineage;  pedigree. 
Gen'er-a,  n.  pi.  of  Gains. 
6en'er-al,  a.  Common  ;  pub- 
,  lie.  —  71,   Commander  of  an 
_  army. 

Ggn^er-al-is'si-mo  (18),  n. 

Commander  in  chief. 
Gen-'er-ai'i-ty,  n.  The  great- 
,  est  part.  [generalizing. 
Gen^er-al-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 


a,  6,1, 5,  fi, y,  Ions;  ^,    T,  o,  U,  5^,  sl^ort ;  cure, car,  usk,  ^U,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


> 


GENERALIZE 


121 


GILD 


6gn'er-al  ize,  v.  t.  To  ar- 
range under  general  heads. 

Gen'er-al-ly,  adv.  Common- 
ly- 

66n'er-al-ship,  n.  The  skill 
or  conduct  of  a  general. 

66n'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  beget. 

G§n/er-a'tion,  n.    A  race  ; 

.  family    an  age.  [duje. 

Gen'er-a-tive,  a.  Able  to  pro- 

GSn'er-^a'tor,  n.  One  who 
produces  or  begets. 

Ge-ngr'i-c,     I  a.  Compre- 

6e-ngr'i-e-al, )     bending,  or 

^  pertaining  to,  a  genus. 

Gen^er-Ss'l-ty,  n.  Liberality 

,  of  soul;  magnanimit}'. 

GSn'er-ous,  a.  Liberal;  free. 

6-en'e-Sis,  n.  Origin  ;  the  first 

^  book  of  Scripture. 

6e'ni-al,  a.  Contributing  to 
production  ;      enlivening  ; 

^  naturaL 

Ge'nie,  n.  A  fabulous  being 
in  Arabian  mythology. 

6Sn'i-tive,  ».  The  second 
case  of  Greek  and  Latin 
nouns. 

6e'nl-us,  n.  {pi.  Ge'ni-I,  25.) 

^  A  good  or  evil  spirit. 

Gen'i-us  (jjn^yus,  18),  n.  Nat- 
ure ;  special  disposition  ; 
mental  superiority  ;  a  man 
of  remarkable  mental  vigor. 

6ens-d'arine3  (zhong- 
darmO,  n,.  pi.  Armed  police 
in  France. 

6-en-teel',  a.  Polished  in 
manners  ;  polite. 

6en-teel'ly,  adv.  With  po- 
^  lite  manners. 

GSn'tile,  n.  Any  one  not  a 
Jew  ;  a  heathen.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  heathen. 

^en-til'i-ty,  n.  Politeness. 

(xSn'tle,  «.  Well-born  :  re- 
fined ;  not  wild.  —  Syn. 
Tame ;  mild  ;  meek  ;  quiet. 

Gen'tle-folk  (-fak),    )  n.  pi. 

CtSn'tle-folks  (-foks),  )  Peo- 
ple of  good  birth  and  breed- 
ing. 

(jen'tle-man  (21),  n.  A  man 
of  good  breeding  and  educa- 
^  tion. 

Gen'tle-man-ly,  a.  Becom 
ing  a  gentleman  ;  polite  ;  re- 
fined. 


Gen'tle-ness,  n.  Softness  of 
manners  :  mildness.  [care. 

Gen'tly,  adc.    Softly  ;  with 

6Sn'try,  n.  People  of  educa- 
tion and  good  breeding. 

Ge'nu-flee'tion,  or  GSn^u- 
fle-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  bend- 
ing the  knee. 

G6n'u-me,  a.  Free  from  adul- 
teration ;  real ;  true  ;  pure. 

6en'u-ine-ness,  n.    A  genu- 

^  ine  quality  ;  purity. 

Ge'nus  (25),  n.  A  class  em- 
bracing many  species. 

Ge''o-Qeii'tri€,  a.  Having  the 
same  center  as  the  earth. 

Ge-6d'e-sy,  n.  Art  of  meas- 
uring the  earth. 

Ge-6g'ra-pher,  n.  One  skilled 
in  geography. 

Ge'o-graph'i€-al,a.  Relating 
to  geography. 

Ge-6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  the  world  and  its  in- 
habitants. 

Ge/o-16g'i<;-al,  a.  Pertaining 

^  to  geology.  [geology. 

Ge-61'o-gist,  n.  One  versed  in 

Ge-61'o-g7,  n.  Science  that 
treats  of  the  interior  struct- 
,  ure  of  the  earth.  [trician. 

Ge-6m'e-ter,  n.    A  geome- 

(jre^o-inet'ri€-al,  a.  Relating 
_  or  according  to  geometry. 

Ge-6m'e-tri'cian  (-trlsh^an), 
_  n.  One  skilled  in  g(!ometry. 

Ge-6m'e-try,  n.  Science  of 
,  quantity  and  mensuration. 

Ge6r':5;i€,  n.  A  rural  poem. 

6e-ra'ni-um,  n.  A  plant 
with  showy  flowers. 

(jrerm,  n.  A  seed-bud  of  a 
,  plant ;  first  principle,  [blood. 

Ger'man,  a.      Related  by 

(jer-mane',  a.  Entirely  ap- 
.  propriate.  [the  germ. 

Gar'mi-nal,  a.  Pertaining  to 

63r'mi-nate,  v.  i.  To  bud  ; 
.  to  sprout.  [sprouting. 

Ger-'mi-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Crer'und,  n.  A  verbal  noun. 

6es-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  carry- 
ing young  in  the  womb. 

Ges-tie'u-late,  v.  i.  To  use 
gestures. 

Ges-ti€'u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
m-ikhig  gestures. 

6est'ure,  n.    Action  ;  mo- 


tion. —  V.  i.    To  make  gest- 

_  ures  ;  to  gesticulate. 

Get,  V.  t.  [imp.  GOT  ;  j).  p. 
GOTTEN.]  To  gain  ;  to  ob- 
tain ;  to  win  ;  to  procreate  ; 
to  persuade  ;  to  learn.  —  v. 

_  i.   To  gain  ;  to  become. 

Gew'gaw,  n.  A  showy  trifle. 

Ghast'i'i-ness  (giist'-),  n.  A 
death-like  look  ;  paleness. 

Ghast'ly  (gast^ly),  a.  Death- 
ly pale. 

Gher'kin  (ger^kin),  n.  A 
small  pickled  cucumber. 

Ghost  (gost),  n.  A  spirit ;  an 
apparition. 

Ghost'ly,  a.  Like  a  ghost; 
,  spiritual. 

Gi'ant,  71.  A  man  of  extm  or- 
dinary stature.  —  a.  Like  a 
,  giant ;  unusually  large, 

Gi'ant-ess,  n.  A  female  giant. 

Gi'ant-ly,  a.  Like  a  giant ; 
gigantic  ;  huge. 

Giaour  (jour),  n.  An  infidel, 
as  applied  by  the  Turks  to 
Christians. 

Gib'ber,  v.  t.    To  speak  rap- 

_  idly  and  inarticulately. 

Gib'ber-ish,  »t.  Rjipid,  inar- 
ticulate speech. 

Gib'bet,  rt.  A  kind  - 
of  gallows.  —  V. 
(8)  To  hang  on  a 

_  gibbet. 

Gib'bous,  a.  Con- 
vex  ;  swelUng  with  ^'l^bet. 
a  regular  curve  ;  protuber- 
ant. 

Gibe,  V.  i.  or  t.   To  scoff  at. 

—  n.  A  sneer ;  scoff. 
Gib'lets,  n.  pi.    Heart,  liver, 

gizzard,  &c.,  of  a  fowl. 
Gid'di-ness,  n.  A  swimming 

of  the  head;  dizziness. 
Gid'dy,  a.    Reeling  ;  dizzy  ; 

wild  ;  volatile. 
Gift,  n.  Any  thing  given  ;  an 

offering ;  faculty  ;  power. 
G-ift'ed,  a.     Endowed  with  a 
j     faculty  ;  talented. 
Gig,  n.  A  light  kind  of  chaise. 
I  6i%an'ti-e,  a.    Like  a  giant; 
huge  ;  enormous. 
Gig'gle,  n.    A  laugh  with 
!     short  catches  of  breath.  — 
j     V.  i.    To  laugh  ;  to  titter. 
Gild,  V.  t.   [imp.    &  p.  p. 


86n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  to^ok  ;  tirn,  rye,  pyll ;  f ,     soft ;      g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


GILDING 


122 


GLOW 


GILDED,  GILT.]   To  over- 

_  lay  with  gold. 

Gild'ing,  n.    Art  of  overlay- 

^  ing  with  gold.        [a  plant. 

Gill  (jll),  n.  Fourth  of  a  pint  ; 

Gill  (1 ),  n.  Organ  of  respira- 
tion in  fishes. 

Gil'ly-f lower,  n.  A  plant. 

Gilt,  a.    Overlaid  with  gold. 

Gi'm'balg,  n.  pL  A  combina- 
tion of  rings  to  keep  a  com- 
pass always  in  the  same  posi- 

6im'€rack,  n.  A  toy.  [tion. 

GIm'let,  n.    A  small  imple- 

_  ment  for  boring. 

Gimp,  n.  A  kind  of  edging. 

6in,  n.  Spirit  distilled  from 
rye  and  barley,  and  flavored 
with  juniper  berries  or  hops  ; 
a  machine ;  snare.  —  ^•.  t. 
To  clear  of  its  seed,  as  cot- 
ton, [spicy  root. 

Gin'ger,  n.    A  plant  and  its 

(jin'ger  bread,  n.  A  sweet 
cake  flavored  with  ginger. 

Gin'ger-ly,  adv.  Cautiously. 

Gmg'ham  (umg/am),  n.  A 
kind  of  cotton  cloth. 

Gm'seng,  n.    A  plant. 

6-ip'sy,  n.    See  Gipsy. 

6-i-raffe',  n.  An 

African  quad-  /(^^^ 
ruped  ;  the 

_  camelopard.  ^p^^ 

G  i  r  d,  n.  A 
twitch  ;  a  pang; 

[imp.  &  p.  p.  W  ™^ 
G  I  R  D  E  D  ,  ft^^i, j[  I 

GIRT.]  To  bind; 
_to  tie  round.  Giraffe. 
Gird'er,  n.  Chief 
_  timber  in  a  floor. 
Gird'le,  n.    A  band  round 

the  waist.  —  v,  t.  To  bind  ; 

to  cut  a  ring  round,  in  order 
_  to  kill,  as  a  tree. 
Girl.  n.   A  young  woman. 
GlrPhdbd,  n.    The  state  or 
_  time  of  being  a  girl. 
Girl'ish,  a.  Like  a  girl ;  giddy. 
Girt,    I  n.  A  strap  for  a  sad- 
Girth,  )    die ;  circumference, 
drist,  n.   Main  point ;  pith. 
Give,  V.  t.  or  i.  [iwp.  GAVE  ; 

p.p.  GIVEN.]    To  bestow  ; 

to  yield  ;  to  grant ;  to  utter. 
Giv'er,  n.    One  who  gives. 


Giz'zard,  n.  The  muscular 
stomach  of  a  fowl. 

Gla'cial,  a.  Like  ice  ;  icy. 

Gla'Qier  (gla^seer  or  glas^i-er), 
n  .  A  great  mass  of  ice  mov- 
ing siowl}^  down  mountain 
slopes  or  valleys. 

Gla'Qis,  or  Gla-Qis',  n.  A 
sloping  bank. 

Glad,  a.  Affected  with  pleas- 
ure ;  gratified.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  glad.  [glad. 

Glad'den,  v.  t.      To  make 

Glade, n.  An  opening  through 
or  in  a  wood. 

Glad'i-a^tor,  n.  A  sword- 
player  ;  a  prize-fighter. 

Glad'ly,  adv.  Joyfully. 

Glad'ness,  n.  Joy  ;  pleasure. 

Glad'some,  a.  Pleased  ;  gay. 

Glair,  n.  The  white  of  an  egg. 

GlanQe,  n.  A  sudden  shoot  of 
light ;  a  cast  of  the  sight.  — 
V.  To  dart ;  to  fly  off. 

Gland,  n.  An  organ  of  secre- 
tion in  animals  and  plants. 

Gland'ers,  n.  pi.  A  con- 
tagious disease  of  horses. 

Gland'u-lar,    I  a.  Consisting 

Giand'u-lous,  j  of  glands. 

Glare,  n.  A  bright  dazzling 
hght. — V.  i.  To  look  fiercely. 

Glar'ing,  a.  Open  and  bold  ; 
clear  ;  notorious. 

Glass,  n.  A  transparent  sub- 
stance ;  a  mirror  ;  telescope  ; 
{pi.)  spectacles. — v.  t.  To 
cover  witli  glass. 

Glass'i-ness,  n.  Smoothness, 
like  glass.  [glass. 

Glass'y,  a.    Made  of,  or  like. 

Glaze,  V.  t.  To  furnish  with 
glass  or  with  something  like 
it. 

Gla'zier  (gla-'zhur),  n.  One 
who  sets  window  glass. 

Glaz'ing,  n.  The  vitreous  sub- 
stance on  potters'  ware. 

Gleam,  n.  A  faint  shooting 
forth  of  light. —1".  i.  To 
shine  with  flashes  of  light. 

Glean,  v.  t.  To  gather  after  a 
reaper ;  to  collect  with  pa- 
tient and  minute  labor. 

Glebe,  n.  Turf ;  e-oil  ;  land  be- 
longing to  a  parish  church. 

Glee,  n.  Joy  ;  merriment ;  a 
song  in  three  or  more  parts. 


G16n,  n.  A  narrow  valley. 

Glib,  a.  Smooth;  slippery; 
voluble  ;  fluent. 

Glide,  V.  i.  To  flow  gently. — 
71.  Act  of  passing  smoothly. 

Glim'mer  (8),  v.  i.  To  shoot 
scattered  rays.  —  n.  A  faint 
light.  [view. 

Glim'mer-ing,  n.     A  faint 

Glimpse,  n.  A  short,  hur- 
ried view. 

Glis'ten  (glVn),  v.  t.  To 
sparkle  with  a  mild  light. 

Giit'ter,  v.  i.  To  shine  bright- 
ly.—  n.  Sparkling  light. 

Gloat,  V.  i.  To  gaze  with 
eagerness  or  desire. 

G15be,  n.  A  round  body  ;  the 
sphere ;  the  earth. 

Glo-bose',  (  a.  Round ;  globu- 

Glo'bous,  )     lar  ;  spherical. 

Glo-bos'i-ty,  n.  Roundness. 

Glob'ii-lar,  a.  Spherical. 

Glob'ule,  n.  A  small  round 
mass. 

Gloom,  n.  Darkness  ;  obscuri- 
ty. —  V.  i.  To  shine  obscure- 
ly,      [obscurely ;  sullenly. 

Glqom'i-ly,  adv.     Darkly  ; 

Gloom'y,  a.  Dark ;  dim ; 
melancholy.  [glorifying. 

Glo^ri-fi-ca'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Glo'ri-fy,  v.  t.  To  make  glo- 
rious ;  to  extol ;  to  adore. 

Glo'ri-ous,  a.  Splendid  j 
grand;  renowned. 

G16'ri-ous-ly,  adv.  Illus- 
triously ;  splendidly. 

Glo'ry,  n.  Brightness ;  splen- 
dor ;  honor  ;  renown.  — v.  i. 
To  exult ;  to  rejoice. 

G16ss,  n.  Brightness  ;  spe- 
cious appearjince :  comment. 
—  V.  i.  To  make  smooth  and 
shining  ;  to  explain. 

G16ss'a-ry,  n.  A  vocabulary 
for  explaining  obsolete  or 
peculiar  words. 

G16ss'i-ness,  n.  The  luster 
of  a  surface  ;  polish. 

G16ss'y,  a.  Smooth  and 
shining ;  bright. 

Gldt'tis,  n.  The  upper  open- 
ing of  the  windpipe. 

Glove  (gltlv),  n.  A  cover  for 
tlie  hand.  [gloves. 

Glov'er,  «.    One  who  makes 

Glow,  V.  i.   To  shine  with  in- 


a,e,i,  o,  u,y,  Zong',-  3,  6,1,  6,  Q, 


L,  y,  short ;  cure,  car, ask,  }ill,  wh.Tit ;  ere,  veil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm  } 


GLOWING 


123 


GOVERNOR 


tense  heat.  —  n.  Intense 
heat ;  brightness  of  color. 

Giaw'ing,  a.  White  with 
heat.  —  Syn.  Ardent ;  in- 
flamed; vehement. 

Glow'-worixi  (-wGrm),  n.  An 
insect  that  emits  Hght  in 
the  night. 

Gloze,  t*.  t.    To  flatter. 

Glue,  n.  A  kind  of  tenacious 
cement.  —  r.  t.  To  cement 
with  glue. 

Glum,  a.    Sullen  ;  grave. 

Glume,  n.  The  calyx  of  cer- 
tain plants  ;  chaff. 

Glut,  v.t.  To  cloy  ;  to  over- 
load. —  n.  More  than 
enough  ;  superabundance. 

Glu'tnn,  n.  Tough  adhesive 
part  of  dough.  [cious. 

Glu'ti-nous, a.  Viscous ;  tena- 

Glut'ton  (gltit/tn),  >t.^  A  vora- 
cious eater ;  an  animal. 

Glut'ton-ous,  a.  Given  to 
excessive  eating.^  [ing. 

Glut'ton-y,  n.  Excess  in  eat- 

GlyQ'er-me,  n.  A  sweetish 
liquid  obtained  from  fat. 

Gnarl  (narl),  v.  i.    To  growl. 

Gnarled  (narld),  a.  Full  of 
knots. 

Gnash  (nSsh),  v.    To  strike 

the  teeth  together. 
Gnat  (niit),  n.  A  small  blood- 
sucking fly.  [to  corrode. 
Gnaw  (naw),  v.  t.  To  bite  off; 
Gneiss  (nTs),  n.  A  rock  re- 
*  sembling  granite. 
Gnome  (nom),  n.    A  fabled 

subterranean     being ;  a 

dwarf ;  a  goblin. 
Gno'mon  (no/mon),  n.  The 

style  or  pin  of  a  dial. 
Gnu  ;nu,  18),  n.    A  kind  of 

antelope  found 

in  South  Afri- 


ca. 

Go,  V.  i.  [imp 
went;  p.  p. 
GONE.]      To  Gnu. 
move  ;  to  walk  ;  to  depart. 

Goad,  n.  A  pointed  instru- 
ment to  drive  oxen.  — v.  t. 
To  prick  with  a  goad. 

Goal,  w.    A  starting-post. 

Goat,  n.  An  animal  allied  to 
the  sheep.  [goats. 

Goat'-herd,  n.  One  who  tends 


GSb'ble,  1'.  t 
hastily. 

Gob'bler,  n.  A  greedy  eater  ; 

a  turkey-cock,     [ing  vessel. 
Gob'let,  n.   A  kind  of  drink- 
Gdb'lin,  n.    An  evil  spirit. 
God,  n.    A  divinity  ;  a  deity  ; 

the  Supreme  Being. 
God'dess,  n.  A  female  deity. 
G6d'fa-ther,  w.       A  male 

sponsor  for  a  child. 
Gdd'head,  n.  Divine  nature. 
G6d'less,  a.  Ungodly  ;  wick- 
ed ;  irreligious. 
God'li-ness  (13),  n.  Real 

piety  ;  a  religious  life. 
God'ly,  a.    Pious  ;  religious. 
God 'send,  «.  An  unexpected 

piece  of  good  fortune. 
Gdd'son,  n.  A  male  child  for 

whom  another  is  sponsor. 
G6g'gles    (gog/glz),   n.  pL 
Glasses  to  protect  the  eyes. 
G5'ing.  n.  Act  of  moving  ;  de- 
parture. 
Goi'ter  \  (29),  n.    A  swelling 
Goi'tre  j     of  the  front  part 
of  the  neck.  [money. 
Gold,  n.    A  precious  metal  ; 
Gold'en,  a.     Made  of  gold  ; 

like  gold.  [ing  bird. 

Gold'finch,  n.  A  yellow  sing- 
Gold'-leaf,  n.    Gold  beaten 

into  a  thin  leaf. 
G6n'do-la  (18),  n.    A  pleas- 
ure-boat used  in  Venice. 
G6n/do-lier',  n.     One  who 

rows  a  gondola. 
Gone,  p.  p.  of  Go.  Departed. 
Gong,  r?.   A  kind  of  drum. 
G(Jbd,  a.     Having  desirable 
qualities  ;   virtuous  ;  valid  ; 
sound;  suitable.  —  w.  That 
which    possesses    desirable  ! 
qualities  ;  advantage.  j 
Gdbd-by',  n.  Farewell  ;  adieu. 
Gdbd'li-ness,    w.     Beauty  ;  ! 

grace.  [ly-  I 

Gdbd'ly,  a.  Beautiful ;  come-  , 
Gdbd'ness,  n.  Excellence.  j 
Gdbdg,  n.  pi.  Movables; 

household  furniture.  | 
Gdbd-will',  Benevolence;! 

business  faciUties.  | 
Goose  (21),  n.   A  fowl ;  a  tai-  i 
lor's  utensil.  | 
Gdb§8'b6r-ry,  n.    A  thorny  ; 
shrub  and  its  fruit.  | 


To  swallow  I  Gore,  n.  Clotted  blood  ;  tri- 
angular piece  of  cloth.  — 
V.  t.  To  wound  with  the 
horns. 

Gorge,  n.  The  throat,  —  v.  t. 
To  swallow  with  greediness  ; 
to  satiate.  [or  showy. 

Gor'geous  (-jus),  a.  Very  fine 
Gor'gon,  n.  A  fabled  monster 
tliat   turned  beholders  to 
stone. 
Go-rilMa 
(18),  n. 
A  large 
monkey 
found  in 
Western 
Africa. 
Gor'mand-  (^onW^. 

ize,  V.  i.    To  eat  greedily. 
G6r'mand-Tz/er,  n.     A  vo- 

rjicious  eater. 
Gorse,  n.    A  prickly  shrub. 
Gor'y,  a.  Stained  with  gore. 
Gos'ling,  n.    A  young  goose. 
G6s'pel,n.  The  history  of  Je- 
sus Christ ;  any  system  of 
religious  truth  or  doctrine. 
G6s'sa-mer,  n.  A  filmy  sub- 
stance floating  in  the  air. 
Gds'sip,  n.    One  who  tattles 
idly  ;  tattle,  —  r.  i.   To  tell 
G6t,  ivip.  of  Get.    [idle  tales. 
G6tli,  n.   A  barbarian. 
G6th'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
Goths,  or  to  a  certain  stjle 
of  architecture. 
Gouge  (gowj  ;  in  Eng.  g(rcj), 
n.    A  chitel  with  a  round 
edge.  —  V.  L    To  scoop  out 
with  a  gouge.  [fruit. 
Gourd,  a.    A  plant  and  its 
Gcur'mand  (gdor-'-),  n.  A 

ravenous  eater  ;  a  glutton. 
Gout.  n.  A  painful  disease. 
Gout'y ,  a.  Diseased  with  gout. 
Gov'ern  (guv/ern),  v.  t.  To 

rule  ;  to  control. 
Gov'ern-ange,  n.  Manage- 
ment ;  control.  [ess. 
Gov^er-nante',  w.  Agovern- 
Gov'ern-ess,  w.     A  female 

who  governs  or  instructs. 
Gov'ern-ment,  n.  Regula- 
tion ;    control  ;  executive 
power;  an  empire  or  state. 
G6v'ern-or,  n.   Chief  magis- 
trate ;  a  regulator. 


86n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  toD,  to^ok;  firn,  rjje,  pijll;  9,  ^,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist;  q  as  ng;  tiiis. 


GOWN 


124 


GEEASE 


Gown,  n.    A  woman's  dress. 

Grab,  v.  t.    To  seize, 

Grage,  n.  Favor  ;  divine  fa- 
vor ;  religious  affections ;  a 
brief  prayer ease  of  man 
ner.  —  v.  t.  To  adorn;  to 
dignify  ;  to  favor. 

Grage'ful  (17),  a.  Beautiful 
with  dignit}' ;  elegant. 

Grage'ful-ly,  adv.^With  dig- 
mty.   '  [grace. 

Grage'less,  a.   Destitute  of 

Gra'cious,  a.  Favorable  ; 
kind.  [bly. 

Gra'cioiis-ly,  adv.  Favora- 

Gra-da'tion,  w.  Order;  series. 

Grade,  ?i.  Degree;  rank; 
rate  of  ascent  or  descent.  — 
f .  t.  To  reduce  to  a  level 
or  to  a  regular  slope. 

Gra'di-ent,  a.  Moving  by 
steps. — 71.  D(^gree  of  as- 
cent or  descent  in  a  road. 

Grad'u-al,  a.  Proceeding  by 
degrees  ;  progressive,  [grees. 

Grad'u-al-ly,  adv.    By  de- 

Grad'u-ate,  v.  i.  To  receive 
an  academical  degree.  — v.  t. 
To  mark  with  degrees. 

Grad'u-ate,  n.  Otie  who  has 
received  an  academical  de- 
gree, [graduating. 

Grad'u-a'tion,  n.     Act  of 

Graft,  n.  A  scion  inserted  in 
a  stock. — V.  i.  To  insert 
a  shoot  or  scion  in. 

Grain,  w.  Corn  ;  a  small  seed  ; 
a  minute  particle  ;  {pL)  re- 
mains of  malt. — v.t.  To 
granulate  ;  to  paint  in  imi- 
tation of  grains  of  wood. 

Gra-min'e-ous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  grass ;  grassy. 

Gram-'i-niv'o-rous,  a.  Feed- 
ing on  grass. 

Gram'mar,  n.  Art  of  speak- 
ing and  writing  a  language 
correctly. 

Gram-ml'ri-an,  n.  One 
versed  in  grammar. 

Gram-mat'i-€al,  a.  Accord- 
ing to  the  rules  of  grammar. 

Gram-mat'i-eal-ly,  adv.  Ac- 
cording to  grammar. 

Gram'pus,  n.  A  fish  allied 
to  the  whale. 

Gran'a-ry,  n.  A  store-house 
for  grain. 


Grand,  a.  Very  great ;  mag- 
nificent ;  principal. 

Gran'dam,  n.  Grandmother. 

Grand'child,  n.  A  son's  or 
daughter's  child. 

Gran-dee',  n.  A  man  of  rank. 

Grand'eur,  n.  Magnificence. 

Grand'fa-ther,  n.  A  father's 
or  mothei*'s  father. 

Gran-diPo-quenge,  n.  Lofty 
speaking.  [indictment. 

Grand-ju'ry,  n.    A  jury  on 

Grand'moth-er,  n.  A  father's 
or  mother's  mother. 

Grand'sire,  n.  A  grandfather. 

Grand'son,  n.  The  son  of  a 
son  or  daughter. 

Grange,  n.  A  barn  ;  a  farm 
with  its  buildings,  &c. 

Gran'ite,  n.  A  stone  com- 
posed of  quartz,  feldspar, 
and  mica.       [ing  on  grain. 

Gra-niv'o-rous,  a.  Subsist- 

Grant,  v.  l.  To  bestow;  to 
give  ;  to  yield.  —  «.  A  thing 
granted. 

Grant-ee'  (18),  n.  One  to 
whom  a  grant  is  made. 

Grant'er,  (  n.  One  Avho  makes 

Grant'or,  )     a  grant. 

Gr5,n'u-lar,  a.  Consisting  of 
grains.  [into  grains. 

Gran'u-late,  v.      To  form 

Gran^u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
forming  into  grains. 

Gr3,n'ule,n.   A  particle. 

Grape,  n.  The  fruit  of  the 
vine. 

Grap'er-y,  n.  A  building  for 

raising  grapes  in. 
Grape'-sh6t,  n.  A  cluster  of 

small  shot  in  a  bag  or  case. 
GrS,ph'i-e,  a.  Well  delineated. 
Grap'nel,  n.  A  kind  of  small 

anchor. 
Grap'ple,  v.  t.    To  lay  fast 

hold  of.  —  v.  i.   To  contend 

closely.  —  n.     A  seizing;  a 

kind  of  hook. 
Grasp,  V.  t.    To  seize  and 

hold.  —  n.    Gripe  of  the 

h.Mnds. 

Grass,  n.  Herbage. — v.  To 
grow  over  with  grass. 

Grass'h6p-per,  n.  An  insect. 

Grass'y,  a.  Covered  with,  or 
resembling,  grass. 

Grate,  v.  t.  or  i.    To  rub 


hard ;  to  fret ;  to  vex.  —  n. 
A  frame  of  metal  bars. 

Grate'ful,  a.  Having  a  sense 
of  favors ;  affording  pleas- 
ure. —  Syn.  Thankful  ; 
agreeable  ;  welcome. 

Grat'er,  n.  An  instrument 
for  grating. 

Gr^lt^i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Pleas- 
ure enjoyed ;  satisfaction. 

Grat'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  indulge; 
to  please  ;  to  humor. 

Grat'ing,a.  Fretting ;  harsh. 

—  n.  A  partition  of  bars  ;  a 
harsh  sound  of  rubbing. 

Gra'tis,  adv.    For  nothing. 

Gr5,t'i-tude,n.  Thankfulness. 

Gra-tu'i-tous,  a.  Free  ;  vol- 
untary ;  asserted  without 
proof. 

Gra-tii'i-tj'-,  n.   A  free  gift. 
GrS-t^u-la'tion,  n.  Expres- 
sion of  joy. 
Grave,  n.  A  pit  for  the  dead. 

—  a.  Serious  ;  Aveighty  ; 
slow  ;  solem.n  ;  not  acute.  — 
v.t.  [imp.  GRAVED  ;  p.p. 
GRAVED,    GRAVEN.]  To 

engrave  ;  to  clean,  as  a  ship. 
Grav'el,  n.    Small  pebbles  ; 
concretions  in  the  kidneys. 

—  V.  t.  To  cover  with  gravel. 

Grave'ly,  adv.  Seriously. 

Grav'er,  n.  A  tool  to  en- 
grave with.       [by  a  grave. 

Grave'-stone,  n.  A  stone  set 

Grave'-yard.  n.  Burial  place. 

Grav'id,  a.  Pregnant. 

Grav'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  tend  to- 
ward the  center. 

Gr3;V/i-ta'tion,  n.  Tendency 
to  the  center. 

Grav'i-ty,  n.  Seriousness  ; 
force  Avhich  draws  toward 
the  center  of  attraction. 

Gra'vy.  n.  Juice  of  cooked 
meat,  made  into  a  dressing. 

Gray,  a.  Hoary  ;  white  with 
a  mixture  of  black. 

Gray'beard,  n.  An  old  man. 

Graze,  v.  To  eat  grass  ;  to 
rub  slightly. 

Graz'er,  n.    One  who  grazes. 

Gra'zier  (grn^zhur),  n.  One 
who  feeds  cattle. 

Grease,  n.    Animal  fat. 

Grease,  or  Grease,  v.  t.  To 
smear  with  grease. 


,6,1,  o,  u,  y,lons; 


y^,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  ftll,  whf^t ;  ere,  Vfiil,  term  ;  pYque,  firm  j 


GREASINESS 


125 


GRUIVIBLE 


Grea'§i-ness,  or  Greas'i- 
ness,  n.  State  of  being 
greasy.  [unctuous. 

Grea'sy,  or  Greas'y,  a.  Fat ; 

Great^  a.  Large  ;  big  ;  chief ; 
pregnant  ;  important  ;  dis- 
tinguished, [grec. 

Great'ly,  adv.  In  a  great  de- 

Great'ness,  n.  Quality  of  be- 
ing great. 

Gre'cian  (gre^shan),  a.  Per- 
taining to  Greece. 

Greed'i-ly,  adv.  Ravenously. 

Greed'i-ness  (13),  n.  llaven- 
ousnesa ;  ardent  desire. 

Greed'y,  a.  Ravenous  ;  cov- 
etous ;  eager  to  obtain. 

Greek,  n.  A  native  of 
Greece;  language  of  Greece. 

Green,  a.  Of  the  color  of 
growing  plants  •,  fresh  ;  raw  ; 
not  dry  ;  not  ripe. — n.  A 
green  color;  a  grassy  plot. 
—  V.  t.  To  make  green. 

Green'-gro/ger,  n.  A  retail- 
er of  fresh  vegetables. 

Green'-house,  n.  A  house 
to  keep  plants  in. 

Green§,  n.  pi.  Leaves  and 
stems  of  young  plants  used 
for  food.  [turf. 

Green's  ward,  n.  A  close  green 

Greet,  v.  f.  To  salute ;  to  hail. 

Greet'ing,  n.    A  saJutation. 

Gre-ga'ri-ous,  a.  Keeping 
in  tiocks. 

Gre-nade',  n.  A  ball  filled 
with  gunpowder. 

Gren/a-dier',  n.  A  soldier 
distinguished  by  his  height 
and  by  uniform. 

Grew  (gru),  i^T^P-  of  Grow. 

Grey.    See  Grmj. 

Grey'hownd 
(graA),  n.  .  A 
tall,  fleet  kind 
of  dog. 

Grid'die,  n.  A 
pan   to  bake' 
cakes  in ; 
cover  for 
stove. 

Grid'i-ron  (-i'um),  n.  A  kind 
of  grate  to  broil  meat  on. 

Grief,  n.  A  painful  sense  of 
loss  :  sorrow  ;  sadness. 

Griev'ange,  n.  That  which 
causes  grief. 


Greyhound. 


Grieve,  1'.  1*.  To  mourn;  to 
sorrow.  —  v.  t.  To  give  pain 
to.  [tlictive. 
Griev'ous,  a.  Painful ;  af- 
Grif'fin,  )n.  A  fabled  ani- 
Grif'fon,  )  mal,  part  lion  and 

part  eagle. 
Grim,  a.    Fierce  ;  hideous. 
Gn-mage',  n.     A  made-up 
face. 

Gri-mal'kin,  n.  An  old  cat. 

Grime,  v.  t.  To  sully  deeply. 
—  71.  Dirt  deeply  insinuated. 

Grim'ly,  adv.  In  a  grim  or 
fierce  manner. 

Grin  (7),  v.  i.  To  show  the 
teeth.  —  n.  A  showing  of 
the  teeth. 

Grind,  V.  t.  [imp.  ground.] 
To  rub  ;  to  reduce  to  pow- 
der ;  to  oppress. 

Grind'er,  w.  One  who  grin^s^ 
a  back  tooth. 

Grind,'stone,  n.  A  stone  to. 
grind  edged  tools  on.  [ing. 

Grip,  n.  A  seiziug  ;  a  grasp- 
Gripe,  V.  t.  To  seize  ;  to 
clutch.  —  n.  A  grasp  ;  op- 
pression, [ful. 

Gris'ly,  a.  Horrible  ;  fright- 
Grist,  n.  Corn  ground,  or 
for  grinding,  at  once. 

Gris'tle  (gris^l),  71.  Cartilage. 

Grist'ly  {gris'ly),  a.  Like 
gristle.  [sand ;  gravel. 

Grit,  n.  Coarse  part  of  meal ; 

Grit'ti-ness  (7, 13),  n.  The 
quality  of  being  gritty. 

Grit'ty,  a.  Full  of  grit  ; 
spirited. 

Griz'zly,  a.  Somewhat  gray. 

Groan  (8),  v.  i.  To  breathe 
with  a  deep  noise,  as  in 
pain.  —  n.  A  deep,  mourn- 
ful sound.  [sterling. 

Groat  (grawt),  n.  Fourpence 

Groats,  n.  pi.  Oats  or  wheat 
deprived  of  the  hulls. 

Gro'ger,  n.  A  dealer  in  sugar, 
tea,  liquors,  spices,  &c. 

Gro'ger-y,  n.  A  grocer's 
shop  or  store;  {pi!)  goods 
sold  by  grocers. 

Gr6g,  n.    Spirit  and  water. 

Groin,  n.  Part  between  the 
belly  and  the  thifrh ;  curve 
made  by  two  intersecting 
arches. 


Groom,  n.  One  who  tends 
bonnes ;  a  newly  married 
man. 

Grc)bve,  n.  A  long  hollow  cut 
by  a  tool.  — v.  t.  To  cut  a 
furrow  or  channel  in. 

Grope,  r.  i.  To  feel  in  the  dark. 

Gross  (2),  a.  Great  ;  bulky  ; 
immodest;  indelicate;  dense; 
total.  — n.  The  whole  bulk; 
twelve  dozen. 

Grdt,      )  n.    A  cavern  ;  an 

Grot'to,  j     ornamental  cave. 

Gro-tesque'  (-te.sk''),  a.  Wild- 
ly formed  ;  odd. 

Ground,  n.  Upper  part  of 
land  ;  soil  ;  foundation  ; 
(/;/.)  lees.  —  V.  To  lay;  to 
found  ;  to  run  aground.  — 
i7iip.  &  p.  p.  of  Grind. 

Ground'less,a.  Void  of  foun- 
dation. 

Ground'-nut,  w.  A  plant  and 
its  fruit,  of  several  kinds. 

Ground'-work  (-wfirk),  n. 
Foundation  ;  first  principle. 

Group,  n.  Cluster;  crowd; 
assemblage.  — v.  t.  To  form 
into  a  cluster.  [bird. 

Grouse,  n.    A  kind  of  wild 

Grove,  n.    A  small  wood. 

GrSv'el  (8),  -y.  t.  To  creep  on 
the  earth. 

Grow,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  grew  ; 
p.  p.  GROWN.]  To  vege- 
tate ;  to  increase  ;  to  raise. 

Growl,  I'.  To  grumble ;  to 
snarl.  —  n.  A  cross  murmur. 

Grown,  p.  p.  of  Grow. 

Growth,  n.  Increase  of  size ; 
progress ;  vegetation. 

Grub,  n.  A  small  worm.  — 
V.  t.  or  t.  To  dig. 

Grudge,  v.  t.  To  part  vrith 
reluctantly.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
covetous  or  envious.  —  n. 
A  cherished  ground  of  ill- 
feeling  ;  spite.  —  Syn.  Aver- 
sion ;  dislike  ;  ill-will ;  pique. 

Gru'el,  n.  Food  made  of 
meal  boiled  in  water. 

Gruff  (1),  a.  Stern;  surly; 
grum. 

Gruffly,  adv.  With  surli- 
ness. 

i  Grum,  a.  Deep  in  the  throat, 
j  Grum'ble,  v.  i.  To  murmur 
I     with  discontent ;  to  growl. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  to"o,  tobk ;  Gm,  rije,  pi^ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  aj  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tliis. 


GRUMLY 


GYVE 


Grum'ly,  adv.  In  a  grum 
manner ;  morosely. 

Grunt,  v.i.  To  utter  a  sound 
like  a  hog.  —  n.  The  sound 
made^by  a  hog. 

Gua'no  (gwa^no),  n.  Manure 
of  the  dung  of  sea-fowls. 

Guawan-tee'  (15),  r.  t.  To 
warrant.  —  n.  A  surety  for 
performance. 

Guar 'an- tor,  n.  A  warrantor. 

Guar'an-ty,  f .  t.  To  under- 
take for  the  performance  of. 
—  n.  One  who  warrants  ;  an 
engagement. 

Guard,  n.  A  watch  ;  defense  ; 
— V.  t.  To  watch  ;  to  defend. 

Guard'i-an,  n.  One  who  has 
the  care  of  another.  —  a. 
Protecting. 

Guard'i-an-ship,n.  Office  of 
a  guardian. 

Gu'ber-na-to'ri-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  a  governor. 

Giid'geon  (-jun),n.  A  fish  ;  a 
pin  on  which  a  wheel  turns. 

Guer-ril'la  (i|er-riFIa,  18),  a. 
An  irregular  or  predatory 
mode  of  warfare. 

Guess  (2),  r.  To  conject- 
ure. —  n.  A  conjecture. 

Guest,  M.  A  visitor,  [leading. 

Guid'ange,  n.    Direction  ;  a 

Guide,  V.  t.  To  lead:  to  di- 
rect. —  n.  One  who  shows 
the  way. 

Guide'-post,  n.  A  post  to 
point  out  the  way. 

Guild,  n.  An  association  of 
workmen,  &c. 

Guild'er,  n.  A  Dutch  coin. 

Guile,  n.  Cunning  ;  craft. 

GuTle'ful,  a.  Deceitful  ; 
crafty". 

Guile'less,a.  Free  from  guile; 

artless;  sincere. 
GuiHo-tine'  (-teen/),  n.  A 

machine  for  beheading. 
Guilt,  n.  Criminality  ;  sin. 
Guilt'i-ness,  n.  Criminality. 
Gmlt'less,  a.  Without  guilt. 
Guilt'y,a.  Criminal ;  wicked. 
Guin'ea  (18),  n.    An  English 

gold  coin  of  the  value  of  21 

shillings  sterling. 
Guige,  n.  Manner;  garb. 


Gui-tar',  n.  A  stringed  instru- 
ment of  mu-^. 
sic,  played 
with  the  fin-  ^^j^?*. 

Gulf,  n.  A 

large    bay  ;  ^3^^^ 

an  open  sea  ; 

an  abyss.  Guitar. 

Gulf'y,  a.  Full  of  whirlpools, 
or  gulfs. 

Gull  (1),  V.  t.  To  cheat;  to 
defraud. — n.  A  sea-fowl; 
one  easily  cheated  ;  a  dupe. 

Gul'let,  n.  Passage  for  food 
in  the  throat ;  esophagus. 

GuFli-bil'i-ty,  n.  CreduUty. 

Gul'ly,  n.  A  channel  worn  by 
water.  —  v.  t.  To  wear  by 
water  into  «a  channel. 

Gulp,  v.t.  To  swallow  eager- 
ly.—  n.  A  swallow,  or  as 
much  as  is  swallowed  at  once. 

Gum,  n.  Fleshy  substance 
inclosing  the  teeth ;  muci- 
lage of  vegetables  hardened. 
—  v.  t.  To  unite  or  stiffen 
with  gum. 

Gum'-boil,  n.  A  boil  or 
small  abscess  on  the  gum. 

Gum'my,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  like,  gum. 

Gump,  n.  A  dolt ;  a  dunce. 

Gump'tion,  n.  Shrewdness; 
address ;  capacity. 

Gun,  M.  A  cannon,  musket, 
or  rifle,  &c.  —  v.  i.  To  prac- 
tice fowling. 

Gun'ner,  n.  One  who  works 
a  gun  ;  a  cannoneer. 

Gun'ner-y,  n.  The  art  and 
science  of  firing  guns. 

Gun'ning,  n.  Act  of  shoot- 
ing. 

Gun'pow-der,  n.  An  explo- 
sive composition  of  saltpe- 
ter, sulphur,  and  charcoal. 

Gun'sh6t,  n.  The  reach  or 
range  of  a  shot. 

Gun'smith,  n.  A  gun  maker ; 
an  armorer. 

Gun'stSck,  n.  Wood  in  which 
the  barrel  of  a  gun  is  fixed. 

Gun'wkle  (gttn/nel),  n.  Upper 
edge  of  a  ship's  side. 

Gurge,  n.  A  whirlpool,  abyss. 


Gtir'gle,  v.  i.  To  gush  ir- 
regularly and  noisily,  as 
water  from  a  bottle. 

Gush,  V.  i.  To  rush  out,  as  a 
fluid.  —  n.  A  sudden  and 
violent  flow  of  a  fluid. 

Gus'set,  n.  A  piece  of  cloth 
inserted  in  a  garment  to 
strengthen  it. 

Gust,  n.  Taste ;  enjoyment ; 
a  sudden  blast  of  wind. 

Gus'to,n.  Relish;  taste. 

Gust'y,  a.  Subject  to  blasts 
of  wind. 

Gut,  n.  The  intestinal  canal. 
—  V.  t.  To  discnjbowel;  to 
destroy  the  interior  of. 

Gut'ta-per/cha,  n.  A  sub- 
stance exuding  from  certain 
trees  in  Asia,  and  resembling 
India  rubber  in  some  of  its 
properties. 

Gut'ter,  n.  A  passage  for  wa- 
ter ;  a  small  channel.  — v.  t. 
To  become  hollowed  or  chan- 
neled. 

Gut'tle,  V.  t.     To  swallow 

greedily. 
Gut'tur-al,  a.    Belonging  to, 

or  formed  in,  the  throat. 
Guy,  n.    A  rope  to  keep  a 

body  steady  in  hoisting. 
Guz'zle,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  swallow 

much  or  frequently. 
6ym-na'si-um  (-na/zhi-),  n. 

A  place  for  athletic  exer- 
^  cises  ;  a  school. 
Gym-nas'ti€,  a.  Pertaining 

to  athletic  exercises. 
Gym-nas'ti€S,  n.  sing.  The 

art  of  performing  athletic 

exercises, 
(jyp'sum,  n.     Sulphate  of 

lime  ;  plaster-of- Paris. 
G^p'sy  (19),  n.     One  of  a 

vagabond    race  scattered 

over  Europe. 
6y'ral,  a.    Whirling;  moT- 

ing  round  ;  rotatory. 
6y-ra'tion,  n.  A  circular  mo- 
tion. 

Gy'ra-to-ry,  a.  Moving  in  a 
circle  or  spirally. 

6yve.  n.  A  fetter  or  shackle 
for  the  leg.  —v.t.  To  shack- 
le ;  to  fetter. 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y ,  long ;  S,  e,  I,  6,  u,  j^,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vsil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm ;  ( 


HA 


127  HANDKERCHIEr 


H. 


HA,  interj.  denoting  sur- 
prise. 

Ha'be-as  -eor'pus.    A  writ 

to  produce  the  body  of  a 

prisoner  in  court. 
Hab'er-d^sh'er,  n.  A  dealer 

in  small  wares. 
Ha-bil'i-ment,  w.      Dress  ; 

clothing ;  garment. 
Hab'it,  n.    Ordinary  state ; 

temperament  of  body  ;  fixed 

custom ;  dress  ;  a  garment. 

—  V.  t.  To  clothe. 
Hab'it-a-ble,  a.   Capable  of 

being  inhabited. 
HaVit-a'tion,  n.  Dwelling. 
Ha-bit'u-al,  a.    Formed  by, 

or  according  to,  habit.  —  I 

Syn.    Customary ;  usual. 
Ha-bit'u-al-Iy,    adv.    Com- 1 
"^"">v^only  ;  customarily,  [torn. 
Ha-bit'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  accus- 
Hab'i-tude,  n.  Customary 

mode  of  living  or  acting. 
Hack,  V.  t.  To  cut  awkwardly. 

— V .  i .  To  try  to  raise  phlegm . 

— n.    A  horse  or  coach  for 

hire ;  a  notch  ;  a  cut.  —  a. 

Hackneyed ;  mercenary. 
H§.ck'le,  V.  t.    To  comb,  as 

flax  or  hemp  ;  to  hatchel. 
Hack'ney  (19),  n.  A  horse  or 

coach  for  hire. 
H3,ck'neyed,  a.   Let  out  for 

hire  ;  much  used  ;  trite. 
H3iCk'ney-e6ach,  n.  A  coach 

for  hire. 
HM,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Have. 
HM'dock,  n.    A  fish  much 

like  the  cod. 
Haft,  n.  A  handle  ;  the  hilt. 
Hd>g,  n.  An  ugly  old  woman  ; 

a  witch. 
Hag'gard,  a.     Wasted  by 

want  or  suffering. 
HSg'gish,  a.    Like  a  hag. 
Hag'gle,  V.  t.   To  ncvtch  or 

hack.  —  V.  i.  To  be  difficult 

in  making  a  bargain,  [gles. 
HS.g'gler,  n.  One  who  hag- 
Ha/gi-6g'ra-phy,  n.  Sacred 

writings. 


Hail,  n.  Frozen  drops  of  rain ;  ^ 
a  wish  of  health.  —  v.  t.  To 
call ;  to  salute.  —  v.  i.  To 
fall  as  icy  masses. 

Hail'stone,  n.  A  small  mass 
of  ice  falling.  [ment. 

Hair,  n.  A  small  animal  fila- 

Hair '-breadth,  n.  A  very 
small  distance. — a.  Ex- 
tremely narrow. 

Hair'-brush,  n.  A  brush  to 
smooth  the  hair  with. 

Hair'-el6th,  n.  Cloth  made 
of  hair.  [being  hairy. 

Hair'i-ness  (13),  n.  State  of 

Hair'y,  a.  Full  of  hair  ;  made 
of  hair.  [family. 

Hake,  n.    A  fish  of  the  cod 

Hal'berd  (hoF-),  n.  A  mili- 
tary weapon. 

H^l'Qy-on,  n.  The  kingfisher. 
— a.  Calm  ;  quiet ;  peaceful. 

Hale,  a.  Robustly  healthy. 

Hale,  or  Hale,  v.  t.  To  haul. 

Half  (haf),'  n.  {pi.  Halves, 
havz.)  One  of  two  equal 
parts  into  which  any  whole 
is  divided.  —  adv.  In  part ; 
in  equal  part.  —  a.  Consist- 
ing of  half. 

Half'-bl6od  (haf/-),  n.  A  re- 
lation by  one  parent. 

Half'-easte  (haf/-),  n.  One 
born  of  a  Hindoo  and  a 
European.         [duced  pay. 

Half-pay  (haf^-),  ?i.  Re- 
Half 'pen-ny  (hc^p'pen-n^),  n. 
Half  a  penny. 

Hal'i-but  (hoF-),  n.  A  large, 
flat  sea-fish. 

Hall  (1),  n.  Entrance  of  a 
house ;  a  public  room ;  a 
stately  edifice  ;  a  college. 

Hal/le-lu'iah  I  (hal/le-lu'ya), 

Hal^le-lu'jah  j  n.  &  interj. 
Praise  ye  the  Lord. 

Hal-ldb',  V.  i.  or  t.  To  cry 
out.  —  interj.  An  exclama- 
tion to  excite  attention. 

Jl^Vldw,v.  t.  To  consecrate.^ 

Hal-lu''Qi-na'tion,  n.  A  de- 
lusion of  the  ima^nation. 


nammock. 


Ha'lo  (18),  n.  A  circle  round 

the  sun  or  moon. 
Halt,  V.  i.  or  t.    To  limp  ;  to 
stop.  —  a.   Lame  ;  crippled. 

—  n.  A  stop  ;  a  limping. 
Halt'er,  n.    A  rope  to  tie  a 

horse  ;  a  hangman's  rope. — 
V.  t.   To  put  a  halter  on. 
Halve  (hav),  v.  t.    To  divide 

into  two  equal  parts. 
Halve§  (havz),  n.  pi.  of  Half. 
Hal'yard,  n.  A  rope  or  tackle 
for  raising  or  lowering  a  sail. 
Ham,  n.    The  hind  part  of 

the  knee  ;  thigh  of  a  hog. 
Hime§,  n.  pi.  A  kind  of  col- 
lar for  horses. 
Hto'let,  n.  A  small  village. 
Ham'mer,  n.  An  instrument 
for  driving  nails.  —  v.  t.  (8) 
To  drive  with  a  hammer. 
Ham'mock, 
(5),    n.  A"! 
hanging  bed. 
H^m'per,  n.  A 
covered  bas- 
ket. —  V.  t.  To  embarrass. 
Ham'string,  n.  A  tendon  of 
the  ham.  —  v.  t.    To  cut 
the  tendons  of  the  ham  of. 
Hand,  n.  The  palm  with  the 
fingers ;  pointer  of  a  time- 
piece ;  manner  of  writing,  — 
V.  t.    To  give  ;  to  lead. 
Hand'bill,  n.  A  loose  printed 
sheet  for  public  information. 
H^nd'b(5bk,  n.  A  manual  of 

reference. 
Hand'€uff,  n.    A  manacle. 

—  V.  t.  To  put  handcuffs 
on ;  to  manacle. 

Hand'ful  (17),  7i.  As  much  as 

the  hand  can  hold. 
Hand'i-eraft,  n.  Manual  oc- 
cupation. 
Hand'i-ly,  adv.   In  a  handy 

manner ;  dexterously. 
Hand'i-ness,  n.  Ease  in  per- 
formance. 
Hand'ker-chief  (hank^er-), 
n.  A  cloth  carried  about  the 
person  to  wipe  the  face,  &c. 


»6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  tob,  t<rok  ;  tirn,  rjje,  pi.iU ;  p,     soft ;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  ejcist ;  q  as  ng  j  this. 


HANDLE 


128 


HAUL 


Han 'die,  To  touch  ;  to 

mauage.  — n.  Tiio  part  by 
which  a  thing  is  held. 

Hand'maid,    -  In.  A  wait- 

Hand'maid-en,  j  ing-maitl. 

Hand'-saw,  ;i.  A  small  saw. 

Hand'some  (han^sum),  a. 
Comely  ;  good-looking ;  ap- 
propriate ;  generous. 

Hand's6me-ly  (han/sum-), 
adv.  In  a  handsome  man- 
ner, [lever. 

Hand'spike,  n.    A  wooden 

H^ind'y,  a.  lleady ;  dexterous. 

Hang,  V.  i.  [imp.  iiang-ed, 
HUNG.]  To  bo  suspended. 
—  f.  t.  To  put  to  death  on 
a  gallows.  [sword. 

Rang'er,  n.    A  short,  broad 

Hang'ings,  n.  jd.  Drapery 
hung  to  walls. 

Hang'man  (21),  n.  A  public 
executioner,   [tied  together. 

Hank,  n.  Two  or  more  skeins 

Hank'er,  v.  i.    To  long  for. 

Hank'er-ing,  n.  Eager  desire. 

Hap,  n.  That  which  comes 
unexpectedly. — Syn.  Casu- 
alty ;  chance ;  accident. 

Hap'-haz'ard,  n.  Extra  haz- 
ard :  chance ;  accident. 

Hap'lcss,  a.  Unhappy. 

H^p'ly,a//t\  Perhaps. 

Hap'pen,  v.  i.  To  come  to 
pass.  [fortunately. 

Hap'pi-ly,   adv.     Luckily  ; 

Hap'pi-ness,  n.  State  of  en- 
joyment. 

Hap'py,  a.  In  a  state  of  fe- 
licity ;  fortunate ;  ready. 

Ha-P^ngue'  (-rang/),  n.  A 
noisy  speech  ;  an  oration.  — 
V.  i.    To  declaim. 

Har'ass,  v.  t.  To  fatigue  to 
excess  ;  to  perplex.  [ner. 

Har'bin-ger,  n.    A  forcrun- 

Har'bor  (33),  n.  A  havon  for 
ships.  — V.  t.  To  lodge  ;  to 
shelter  ;  to  entertain.  —  v.  i. 
To  take  shelter. 

Hard,a''/y.  Close  ;  nearly. — 
a.  Not  soft ;  firm  ;  solid  ; 
not  easily  done  ;  difficult ; 
rigorous  ;  close. 

Hard'en,  v.  To  make  or  grow 
hard.  [ing  ;  cruel. 

Hard'-heart'ed,  n.  Unfeel- 

Hard'i-hood,  n.  Boldness. 


Hard'i-ness,  n.  Firm  intre- 
pidity ;  robustness. 

Hard'ly,  adv.    Not  easily. 

Hiird'ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  hard. 

Hard'ship,  n.  Any  thing 
hard  to  bear  ;  severe  toil. 

Hard'ware,  n.  AYares  made 
of  iron,  &c.  [robust. 

Hard'y,  a.    Strong  ;  brave  ; 

Hare,    n.  A 

A  plant  with  ^^^^^^^ 
blue        bell-  Hare, 
shaped  flowers. 

Hare '-brained,  a.  TTiid  ; 
giddy.  [like  a  hare's. 

Hare'lip,  n.    A  divided  lip 

Ha'rem,  n.  Ladies'  apart- 
ment in  a  seraglio. 

Hark,  v.  i.  To  hear;  to 
listen.  — :  mterj.    Hear ! 

Har'le-quin  (-kin  or  -kwin), 
71.    A  buffoon ;  a  clown. 

Har'lot,  n.    A  lewd  woman. 

Harm,  7i.  Injury;"  hurt; 
damage.  —  v.  t.  To  injure  ; 
to  hurt. 

Harm'ful,  a.  Hurtful. 

Harm'less,  a.  Innocent;  not 
hurtful ;  unhurt. 

Har-m6n'i-e,     )  a.  Relating 

Har-mon'ie-al, )  to  harmo- 
ny ;  musical. 

Har-m5'ni-ous,  a.  Agreeing 
together  ;  musical. 

Har'mo-nize,  v.  To  make  or 
become  harmonious. 

Har'mo-ny,  n.  Agreement; 
concord  of  musical  strains 
diiTering  in  pitch  and  qual- 
ity. 

Har'ness,  n.  Equipments  of 
ahorse,  &c.  —  v.t.  To  put 
on  harness. 

Harp,  n.  An  instrument  of 
music.  —  V.  i.  To  play  on 
a  harp.  [on  a  harp. 

Harp'ej,  n.    One  who  plays 

Har-pdbn',  n.         ,  ,  , 
A  barbed  fish- 
ing- spear.  —  ILarpoon. 
v.t.    To  strike  with  a  har- 
poon. 

Harp'si-eh6rd,  M.  A  stringed 
instrument  of  music. 


Har'py  (19),  n.  A  fabulous 
animal ;  an  extortioner. 

Har'ri-er,  n.  A  hunting  dog. 

Har'row,  n.  An  instrument 
to  break  or  smooth  land.  — 
V.  t.  To  break  with  a  har- 
row ;  to  harass. 

Har'ry,  v.  t.    To  harass. 

Harsh,  a.  Rough  to  the 
touch,  taste,  or  feelings. 

Harsli'ness,  n.  Roughness. 

Hart,  n.  A  stag  or  male  deer. 

Harts'horn,  n.  Horn  of  the 
hart;  carbonate  of  ammonia. 

Har'vest,  n.  Season  for 
gathering  any  crop ;  crop 
gathered  ;  effects.  —  v.  t.  To 
gather,  as  a  crop,  when  ripe. 

Hash,  V.  t.  To  mince ;  to 
chop.  —  n.    Minced  meat. 

Has'let,  71.  Inwards  of  a  hog, 
used  for  food. 

Hasp,  n.  A  clasp  for  a  staple. 

—  V.  t.  To  fasten  with  a 
hasp.  [on  in  church. 

Has'sock,  n.  A  mat  to  kneel 
Hast,  second  person  of  Have. 
Haste,  71.    Celerity  ;  hurry  ; 

speed ;  dispatch. 
Haste,      _       )v.t.  or  i. 
Hast'en  (has^n),  j     To  make 

speed  ;  to  hurry. 
Has'ti-ly,  adv.    With  haste. 
Has'ty,  a.    Quick  in  action  ; 

passionate ;  rash. 
H^t,  n.  A  cover  for  the  head. 
Hatch,  V.  t.  To  produce  from 

eggs.  —  n.  A  brood  ;  one  of 

the  openings  in  a  ship's  deck. 
Hatch'el,  n.    An  instrument 

to  clean  fiax.  —  v.  t.  To 

draw  through  the  teeth  of  a 

hatchel,  as  flax. 
Hatch'et,  n.    A  small  ax. 
Hatch'way,  n.    An  opening 

in  a  ship's  deck. 
Hate,  V.  t.  To  dislike  greatly. 

—  n.  Great  dislike;  enmity. 
Hate'ful,  a.    Exciting  great 

dislike.  [ill-will ;  hate. 

Ha'tred,  n.  Great  dislike  or 
H^t'ter ,  71 .  A  maker  of  hats. 
Haugh'ti-ly    (haw^-),  adv. 

With  pride  and  contempt. 
Haugh'ty  (haw/tj  ),  a.  Proud 

and  overbearing. 
Haul,  V.  t.    To  draw  with 

force.  —  71.  A  pull ;  draught. 


a,  e,T,  o,  u,y,  long ;  ii,e,lf,  6,  Q, 


5^,  short ;  cSre,  ciir,  ask,  jjll,  wh^t ;  Gre,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  fTrm ; 


HAUNCH 


129 


HEGIRA 


Haunch,  n.    The  hip. 

Haunt,  V.  To  frequent;  to 
visit  as  a  ghost.  —  n.  A 
place  of  frequent  resort. 

Haut'boy  (ho'boy),  n.  A  wind 
instrument. 

Have,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
HAD.]  To  possess;  to  hold; 
to  own  ;  to  enjoy. 

Ha'ven  (ha/vn),  n,  A  harbor. 

Hav'0€(5),n.  Waste;  devas- 
tation,        [the  hawthorn. 

Haw,  n.    Berry  and  seed  of 


bird  of 
prey  ;  the 
falcon. — V.  I 
t.  To  force 
up  phlegm. 


—  V.  t.  To  Hawk, 
cry  and  sell,  as  goods. 

Haw'ser,  n.    A  small  cable. 

Haw'thorn,  n.  A  shrub  used 
for  hedges. 

Hay,  n.  Grass  dried  for  fod- 
der, [making  hay. 

Hay'ing,  n.    Act  or  time  of 

Hay '-mow,  n.  A  mow  for 
hay. 

Hay '-rick,  n.  A  long  pile  of 

hay  in  the  open  air. 
Hay '-stack,  n.    A  conical 

pile  of  hay  Id  the  open  air. 
H3.z'ard,  n.   Risk  of  loss  or 

evil;  danger. — v.  t.  To  risk. 
Haz'ard-ous,  a.  Exposing  to 

danger.  —  Syn.     Perilous ; 

imminent ;  dangerous. 
Haze,  n.    A  thin  mist  or  fog. 
Ha'zel,  n.    A  shrub  bearing 

nuts.  —  a.    Like  a  hazel- 
nut ;  brown. 
Ha'zi-ness  (13),  n.    State  of 

being  hazy.  [dark. 
Ha'zy,  a.  Foggy  ;  misty  ; 
He,  pron.  of  the  3d  person, 

masculine  gender,  referring 

to  some  man  or  male. 
H§ad,  n.    Upper  part  of  the 

body  ;  chief ;  front ;  source. 

—  V.  t.  or  i.  To  lead  ;  to  di- 
rect :  to  get  in  front  of. 

Head'ache  (-ak),  n.  Pain  in 

the  head. 
Head'-dress,  n.  Covering 

worn  on  the  head. 
Head'ing,  n.    Material  for 

the  heads  of  casks. 


Head'land,n.  Apromontory. 
Head'iess,  a.     Without  a 
head. 

Head'long,  a.  Rash ;  precip- 
itate. —  adv.  Precipitately. 

Head'-quar^terg,  n.  pL  or 
sing.  Quarters  of  a  chief 
commander.  [die. 

Head'stall,  n.    Part  of  a  bri- 

Head'strong,  a.  Obstinate. 

Head'way,  n.  Progress  of 
an  advancing  ship. 

Head'-wind,  w.  A  wind  from 
the  direction  opposite  to  a 
ship's  course.  [toxicating. 

Head'y,  a.  Willful;  rash;  iu- 

Heal,  V.  t.  To  cure.  —  v.  i. 
To  become  well. 

Health,  n.  Freedom  from 
sickness ;  sound  state. 

Health'ful,  a.  Free  from  dis- 
ease ;  wholesome. 

H6alth'i-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  in  health,   [of  health. 

Health'y,  a.  Being  in  a  state 

Heap,  n.  A  pile  ;  accumula- 
tion.—v.  t.  To  pile;  to 
amass ;  to  accumulate. 

Hear,  v.  t.  To  perceive  by 
the  ear.  — v.  i.    To  be  told. 

Heard  (herd),  iynp.  &  p.  p. 
from  Hear. 

Hear'er,  n.    One  who  hears. 

Hear'ing,  n.  Sense  of  per- 
ceiving sounds ;  audience. 

Heark'en,  r.  i.  To  listen  ;  to 
lend  the  ear. 

Hearse,  n.  A  carriage  to 
bear  the  dead. 

Hear'say,  n.  Report;  rumor. 

Heart,  n.  The  organ  of  the 
blood's  motion  ;  inner  part ; 
seat  of  love ;  spirit. 

Heart'-hurn,  n.  Burning 
sensation  in  the  stomach. 

Heart'-felt,  a.  Sincere  ; 
deep.  [place. 

Hearth,  n.   Floor  of  a  fire- 

Heart'i-ly,  adv.  From  the 
heart ;  sincerely. 

Heart'i-ness,  n.  Sincerity. 

Heart'less,  a.  Yoid  of  aTec- 
tiou  or  courage. 

Heart'y,  a.  Exhibiting 
strength;  sincere;  rich. 

Heat,  n.  Great  warmth ; 
glow.  — V.  t.  To  make  hot. 
—  V.  i.    To  grow  hot. 


Heath,  n.  A  shrub ;  a  place 
overgrown  with  shrubs. 

Hea'then,  n.  A  pagan ;  a 
gentile. — a.  Gentile;  pa- 
gan,        [then  I  idolatrous. 

Hea'tiien-ish,  a.    Like  hea- 

Hea'then-i§m,  n.  Paganism. 

Heath'er(hGtii/er),w.  Heath. 

Heave,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

HEAVED,  HOVE.]  To  lift  J 
to  raise  ;  to  throw  off ;  to 
I.>ant. —  n.  A  rising ;  swell. 

Heav'en,  n.  Region  of  the 
air  ;  expanse  of  the  feky  ; 
place  of  the  blessed. 

Heav'en-ly,  a.  Pertaining  to 
heaven. 

Heaves,  n.  Disease  of  horses 
marked  by  difficult  breath- 
ing. 

Heav'i-ly,  adv.  With  weight. 

Heav'i-ness,  n.  Weight;  de- 
pression. 

Heav'y,  a.  Weighty  ;  pon- 
derous ;  grievous  ;  dull  ; 
burdensome;  clammy. 

Heb-d6ni'a-dal,  a.  Weekly. 

He'bra-ist,  n.  One  versed  iu 
Hebrew.  [of  the  Jews. 

He'brew,  n.  A  Jew  ;  language 

He€'a-tcmb  (-tobm),  n.  A 
sacrifice  of  a  hundred  oxen. 

He-e'ti€,  a.  Habitual;  con- 
stant. —  n.  A  fever  of  in  i- 
tation  and  debility. 

He<;'tor,  n.  A  bully.  —  v.  t. 
To  bully  ;  to  tease ;  to  vex. 

Hedge,  n.  A  thicket  of 
shrubs.  —  V.  t.  To  fence 
w  ith  a  hedge. 

Hedge 'hog,  n.  A  small  ani- 
mal armed  with  prickles  or 
spines. 

Heed,  v.  t.    To  mind ;  to  ob- 
serve. —  n.     Care  ;  atten- 
tion ;  notice. 
Heed'ful,  a.  Attentive. 
Heed'less,  a.  Careless ;  inat- 
tentive ;  negligent.  [ness. 
Heed'less-ness,  n.  Careless- 
Heel,  n.    Hind  part  of  th9 
foot.  —  V.  i.  To  lean.  —  v.  t. 
To  add  a  heel  to. 
He-gi'ra,  or   Heg'i-ra,  n. 
Flight  of  Mohammed  from 
Mecca,  July  16,  622,  from 
which  date  the  Mohammed- 
ans reckon  time  ;  any  flight. 


eon,  or,  do,  w^lf,  too,  took;  firn,  ri]e,  p\ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;     g,  Jmrd;  a§  ;  exist ;  b  as  ng ;  this- 


HEIFER 


130 


HETERODOX 


Heifer,  n.  A  young  cow. 
Height  \  (hit,  27),  n.  Dis- 
Hight  )    tance  from  a  point 

below  ;  an  elevated  place ; 

elevation  in  excellence. 
Heighten  I  (hlt^n),  v.  t.  To 
Hight'en    )    raise  higher  ; 

to  advance.^ 
Hei'nous  (ha/nus),  a.  Very 

wicked  ;  hateful ;  atrocious  ; 

flagrant. 
Heir  (Sr),  n.  He  who  inherits 

the  property  of  another. 
Heirless  (^r/-),  n.   A  female 

heir. 

Heir'-lobm  (ar'-),  n.  Any 
furniture  which  descends  to 
an  heir. 

Held,  imp.  &  p.p-  of  Hold. 

He'li-o-trope,  n.  A  plant 
with  very  fragrant  flow- 
ers. 

Hell  (1),  n.  The  place  of  the 
devil  and  the  damned. 

Hell'ish,  a.  Infernal. 

Helm,  n.  The  instrument  by 
which  a  ship  is  steered. 

H61m'et,n.  De- 
fensive armor 
for  the  head. 

He'lot,  or  Hel'- 
ot,  n.  A  Spar- 
tan slave ;  any 
slave. 

Help,  V.  t.  To  aid  ;  to  assist ; 
to  prevent.  — v.  i.  To  lend 
aid.  —  n.  Aid  ;  support. 

Help'ful,  a.  Affording  help. 

Help'less,  a.  Destitute  of 
help  or  of  relief. 

H61p'mate,  I  n.  A  companion 

Help'meet,  I     or  helper. 

H61ve,  n.  Handle  of  an  ax 

Hem,  n.  Boi-der  of  a  gar- 
ment.—r.  t.  (7)  To  fold  and 
sew  the  edge  of ;  to  border. 

HSm'i-sphere,  n."  Half  of  a 
sphere. 

H6m/i-sph§r'i€,  )  a.  Con- 
H5m/i-spher'i€-al,  j  taining 

half  a  sphere. 
Hem'lock  (5),n.  A  poisonous 

plant ;  an  evergreen  tree. 
Hem'or-rhage,  n.  A  flowing 

of  blood  from  a  rupture. 
HSmp,  n.      A  plant  whose 
fibers  are  used  for  making 
rope,  cloth,  &c. 


Helmet. 


Hen,  n.  The  female  of  birds. 
Hen'bane,  n.   A  plant  pois- 
onous to  hens,  &c. 
Henge,  adv.  From  this  place, 

time,  or  cause. 
Henge-forth',   or  Henge'- 
forth,  adc.  From  this  time. 
Henge -for' ward,  adv.  From 

this  time  forward. 
He-pat'i€,  a.    Belonging  to 

the  liver. 
Hepaa-gon,  n.    A  /  \ 
figure  of  seven  sides  (  ) 
and  angles.  \  I 

Hep-tag'o-nal,  a. 

Having  seven  sides.  Hepta- 
Hep'tar«h-y,  n.  Gov-  gov- 
ernment by  seven  rulers. 
Her,  pron.    Objective  form  of 
She. —  a.    Belonging  to  a 
female. 

Her'ald,  n.   An  officer  who 
regulates  coats  of  arms ;  a 
forerunner.  —  v.t.    To  pro- 
claim, [heraldry. 
He-ral'di€,  a.    Pert^iining  to 
Her'ald-ry,  n.    The  art  or 
office  of  a  herald  ;  blazonry. 
Herb  (orb),  n.  A  plant  with  a 

succulent  stalk. 
Her-ba'ceous,  a.  Belonging 

to  herbs. 
Herb'age  (Crb/ej  or  hSrVej). 

n.  Herbs  collectively ;  grass. 
Herb'al,  n.  A  book  on  plants  ; 

collection  of  plants  dried. 
Herb'al-ist,  n.  One  skilled  in 
herbs. 

Her-ba'ri-um,  n.  {pi.  Her- 
ba'ri-ums,  or  Her-ba'ri- 
a,  25.)  A  collection  of  dried 
plants. 

Her-biv'or-ous,  a.  Feeding 

on  herbs. 
Her-eu'le-an,  a.  "Very 

strong,  great,  or  difficult. 
Herd,  n.     A  collection  ; 

drove.  — v.  To  associate. 
Here,  adv.    In  this  place  or 
state.         [near  this  place. 
Here'a-bouts',  adv.  About  or 
Here-aft'er,  adv.    In  time 
after  the  present.  —  n.  A 
future  state,  [this  account. 
Here-at',  adv.   At  this  ;  on 
Here-by',  adv.  By  this. 
H6r/e-dit'a-ment,  n.  Hered- 
itary property. 


He-red'i-ta-ry,  a.  Descend- 
ing by  inheritance. 

Here-in',  adv.  In  this. 

Here-6f'  (-off/  or  -ovO,  adv. 
Of  this  ;  from  this. 

Here-6n',      )  adv.     On  or 

Here^up-Sn',  j    upon  this. 

Her'e-si-ar€h,  or  He-re'§i- 
arch,  n.  A  chief  heretic. 

Her'e-sy,  n.  Error  in  doc- 
trine. 

H6r'e-ti-e,  n.    One  who  errs 

in  religious  faith,  [heresy. 
He-re t'i-C-al,  a.  Containing 
Here-to%  adv.  To  this. 
Here'to-fore',  Formerly. 
Here-with',  or  Here-with', 

adv.   With  this. 
Her'it-a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

being  inherited. 
Her'it-age,  n.  Inheritance. 
Her-maph'ro-dite,  n.  An 

animal  or  plant  uniting  both 

sexes. 

Her''me-neu'ti€S,  n.  sing. 
The  art  or  science  of  inter- 
preting the  Scriptures. 

Her-met'ic,     \  a.  Chem- 

Her-met'i€-al, )  ical ;  per- 
fectly close ;  air-tight,  [ly. 

Her-met'i€-al-ly,  adv.  Close- 

Her'mit,  n.  One  who  lives 
in  solitude.  [dwelling. 

Her'mit-age,  n.   A  hermit's 

Her'ni-a,  n.  A  rupture. 

He'ro,  n.  {pi.  He'r6e§,  18.)  A 
brave  man  ;  a  great  person. 

He-r5'i-e,     )  a.  Becoming  a 

He-r5'i<j-al,  j  hero. 

Her'o-ine,  n.  A  female  hero. 

Her'o-i§m,  n.  Distinguished 
bravery ;  gallantry. 

Her 'on,  n.  A  large  , 
wading  bird. 

Her 'ring,    n.      A  ' 
small  fish. 

Herg,pro?i.  Possess- 
ive form  of  She.  I 

Her-self',prow.  The' 

female  in  person.  Heron. 

He§'i-tan-gy,  n.  Uncertain- 
ty ;  doubt. 

HeVi-tate,  v.  i.  To  pause  in 
doubt ;  to  stop  in  speaking  ; 
to  falter. 

Hes'i-ta'tion,  n.  A  pausing  ; 
alstammering  in  speech. 

Het'e-ro-d5x,  a.  Contrary 


a,e,I,5,u,y,/on^;  a,e,i,  6,u,j^,5/iort;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,y£il,tCrm ;  pique, finn; 


HETERODOXY 


131 


HITHER  WARD 


to  an  acknowledged  stand- 
ard, aa  the  Bible  ;  erroneous. 

Het'e-ro-d6x^y,  n.  Heresy. 

Het^e-ro-ge'ne-ous,  a.  Of  a 
dififerent  nature. 

Hew,  V.  t.  [imp.  hewed  ; 
HEWED,  HEWN.]  To 
cut  off  chips  and  pieces  of. 

Hex'a-gon,  n.   A    /  "A 
figure    with  six  /  \ 
sides  and  angles.  / 

Hex-ag'o-nal,   a.   \  / 

Having  six  sides  Hexagon, 
and  angles. 

Hex^a-he'dron,  n.  A  body  of 
six  equal  sides  ;  a  cube. 

Hex-a,m'e-ter,  n.  A  kind  of 
verse  of  six  metrical  feet. 

Hex-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
six  angles. 

Hey,        I  interj.  of  exulta- 

Hey'day,  j  tion. 

Hi-a'tus,  n.  A  chasm  ;  gap. 

Hi'ber-nate,  v.  i.  To  pass 
the  winter  in  seclusion,  as 
some  beasts. 

HFber-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
hibernating.  [Ireland. 

Hi-ber'ni-an,  n.  A  native  of 

Hi-C'cough  (hik^up),  n.  An 
affection  of  the  stomach.  — 
V.  i.    To  have  a  hiccough. 

Hick'o-ry,  n.  A  walnut  tree. 

Hid,        I  a.  Not  seen  ;  con- 

Hid'den,  j  cealed. 

Hide,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  hid  ; 
p.  p.  HID,  hidden.]  To 
conceal ;  to  cover ;  to  keep 
close.  —  n.   Skin  of  a  beast. 

HIde'-bound,  a.  Having  the 
skin  too  tight. 

Hid'e-ous,  a.  Shocking  to  the 
eye  or  ear.  —  S  Y  N.  fright- 
ful ;  horrible ;  ghastly. 

Hie  (12),  V.  i.  To  hasten. 

HPe-rar-eh,  n.  The  chief  of  a 
sacred  order. 

HFe-rar€h'al,     )  a.  Per- 

HPe-rar€h'i€-al,  j  taining 
to  a  hierarchy. 

HT'e-rar-eh^y,  n.  Order  of 
celestial  beings. 

HFe-ro-glyph,     1  n.  A  mys- 

Hi^e-ro-glJrph'i<5,  j  tical 
symbol  in  ancient  writings. 

Hi'e-ro-glyph'i€,  '   la.  Ex- 

HPe-ro-gltph'i«-al,  )  press- 
ive  of  meaning  by  symbols. 


Hi-Sr'o-phant,  or  Hi'e-ro- 
phant^,  n.  A  chief  priest. 

Hig'gle,  V.  i.  To  curry  pro- 
visions about  for  sale  ;  to 
chaffer. 

High  (In),  a.  Elevated ;  lofty ; 
exorbitant.  —  adv.  Aloft  ; 
eminently.  —  n.  A  high 
place.  * 

High'-born  (hi/-),  a.  Being 
of  noble  extraction. 

High'-flown  (hi/-),  a.  Ele- 
vated ;  proud. 

High'land  (hi^-),  n.  A  moun- 
tainous country. 

High'land-er  (hl^-),  n.  A 
Scotch  mountaineer. 

High'-mmd/ed  (hi/-),  a.  Ar- 
rogant ;  magnanimous. 

High'ness(hi/-),  n.  Altitude ; 
a  title  of  honor. 

High'-priest  (hi/-),  n.  The 
chief  priest,    [great  degree. 

High'ly  (hi/-),  adv.     In  a 

Hight  (hit),  n.   See  Height. 

Hlgh'-press/iire  (hT/-),  n. 
Pressure  exceeding  about  50 
pounds  on  the  square  inch. 

High'-spir/it-ed  (hF-),  n. 
Irascible ;  bold.  [road. 

High'way  (hi/-),  n.  A  public 

High'way-man  (hi/-),  n.  A 
robber  on  the  public  road. 

Hi-la'ri-ous,  or  Hi-la'ri-ous, 
n.  Gay  ;  mirthful ;  jubilant. 

Hi-iar'i-ty,  or  Hi-lar'i-ty, 
n.    Mirth ;  gayety. 

Hill,  «.  An  elevation  of  land. 
—  V.  t.  To  draw  earth 
around.  [nence. 

Hill'ock  (5), «.   A  small  emi- 

Hill'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
hills.  [&c. 

Hilt,  n.    Handle  of  a  sword, 

Him,  pron.  Objective  case  of 
He.  [form  of  He. 

Him-self,  pron.  Emphatic 

Hind,  a.  Backvrard  ;  back.  — 
n.  Female  of  the  red  deer ; 
a  rustic. 

Hlnd'er,  a.    On  the  rear. 

Hm'der  (8),  v.  t.  To  impede 
the  progress  of.  —  Syn.  To 
stop  ;  check  ;  retard. 

Hm'der-anQe,  I  M.  Actofde- 

Hm'drange,    j  laying. 

Hind'most,      I  a.  Behind 

Hmd'er-ra5st, )    all  others. 


I  Hm'doo,  )  n.     A  native  of 
I  Hm'du,  j  Hindostan. 
I  Hinge,  n.  The  joint  on  which 
a  door  turns.  —  v.  t.  To  turn 
or  depend. 
Hint,  V.  t.  To  suggest.  —  v.  i. 
To  allude  to.  —  n.  Slight 
allusion  ;  intimation. 
Hip,  n.   Joint  of  the  thigh. 
Hip'po-drome,  n.  A  circus  for 
horse-races,   [winged  horse. 
Hip'po-griff ,  n.    A  fabulous 

to  the_hog.  Hippopotamus. 
Hip'-roof,  n. 

A  roof  with  an  angle. 
Hire,  r.  t.     To  engage  for 

pay;  to  bribe. — n.  Wages. 
Hire'ling,  n.  A  mercenary.  — 

a.    Serving  for  wages. 
Hir-sute',  a.  Shaggy  ;  rough. 
Hi§  (2), ^/ron.   Possessive  case 

of  He. 

Hiss  (2 ),  V.  i.  or  t.  To  make 
a  sibilant  sound. — n.  A  sib- 
ilant noise  ;  expression  of 
contempt.  [sound. 

Hiss'ing,    n.       A  sibilant 

His-to'ri-an,  n.  A  writer  or 
compiler  of  history. 

His-t6r'i€,     )  a.  Pertaining 

His-t6r'i€-al,  j  to  history  ; 
containing  history. 

His-t5/ri-6g'ra-pher,  n.  A 
writer  of  history. 

His-tQ/ri-og'ra-phy,  n.  The 
writing  of  history. 

His'to-ry,  n.  A  continuous 
narrative  of  events. 

His/tri-6n'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  theater. 

Hit,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  HIT.] 
To  strike  ;  to  accord  with. 

—  n.  A  striking  ;  a  blow. 
Hitch,  V.  t.     To  catch  or 

fasten.  — v.  i.    To  move  by 
jerks  ;  to  fidget. — n.  A  knot  ; 
noo?e  ;  impediment ;  jerk. 
Hitii'er,  adv.    To  this  place. 

—  a.  Nearest  to  the  speaker. 
Hitii'er-to/,  adv.  To  this  time 

or  place  ;  as  yet ;  until  now  . 
Hith'er-ward,  adv.  _  -This 
way  ;  hither.  " 


66n,  or,  dQ,  W9lfi  toD,  took ;  Urn,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,     soft;     g,  hard;  agj,  exist ;  u  as  ng ;  this. 


HIYE 


132 


HOPvDE 


Hive,  n.    A  box  for  bees.  —  '. 

V.    To  collect  into  a  hive. 
Hives,  n.  pL    The  croup. 
Ho,  1  interj.  Halloo  ;  attend ; 
Hoa,  )     — a  call  to  excite  at-  '. 

tention.  [white.  ; 

Hoar,  a.  Gray  with  age ; 
Hoard,  v.  t.    To  collect;  to 

amass.  —  n.  A  store  laid  up. 
Hoar'-frost,  n.  Dew  frozen. 
Hoar'i-ness  (13),  n.  State 

of  being  hoar}^ 
tloarse,  a.  Having  the  voice 

rough  or  husky. 
H5ar'y,  a.    Gray  ;  white. 
Hoax,  n.  Deception  for  sport. 

—  v.t.  To  deceive  for  sport. 
Hob'ble,-?;.  i.   To  walk  lame- 
ly.—  n.  A  halting  walk. 

Hob'by,  n.  A  nag  ;  a  favorite 

object ;  a  child's  horse. 
H6b'g6b-lin,  n.  Apparition. 
H6ck,  n.    Joint  between  the 

knee  and  fetlock  of  a  horse  ; 

a  Rhenish  wine. 
Ho/€us-p5'-eus,n.  A  juggler, 

or  juggler's  trick,  [mortar. 
Hod,  n.  A  bricklayer's  tray  for 
Hodge'podge,  )  n.    A  mixed 
Hotch-potch,  j  mass. 
Hoe  (18),  ?f .   A  farmer's  tool. 

—  V.  t.  (11,  15)  To  cut,  dig, 
or  weed  with  a  hoe. 

Hog,  n.  A  swine. 
Hog'gish,  a.  Filthy ;  greedy. 
K6gs'head,  n.  A  measure  of 
63  gallons.  [romp. 
Hoi'den,  n.  A  bold  girl  ;  a 
Hoist,  V.  t.  To  raise  ;  to  lift. 

—  n.  Act  of  raising  up. 
H51d,  V.  t.     {imp.  &  p.  p. 

HELD.]  To  stop,*  to  re- 
strain; to  grasp;   to  keep. 

—  v,i.  To  endure;  to  re- 
frain. —  n.  Catch  ;  support ; 
custody  ;  interior  of  a  ship. 

Hole,  n.    A  hollow  place;  a 

perforation ;  cell, 
llol'i-day,  n.   A  festival  day. 
Ho'li-ness  (13),  n.  Perfect 

rectitude. —Syn.  Purity; 

sanctity  ;  sacredness. 
HoPloa,  )  interj.  used  in  an- 
Hol-lo',  ]     swer  to  a  call. 
H61'lo,  or  Hol-lo',  \v.i.  To 
H61'Ia,  )  call  out. 

H6T''i.T'nd,  n.  A  kind  of  linen. 
Hol'land:^       A  kind  of  gin. 


Hol'low,  a.    Empty;  deceit-  ] 
ful ;  low.  —  n.  A  low  place  ; 
a  hole.  — V.  t.  To  make  hoi-  ] 
low.  [being  hollow.  \ 

Hol'low-ness,  n.    State  of 
Hol'ly,  n.  An  evergreen  tree.  . 
Hol'ly-hock,  n.    A  plant. 
H51m  (hom),n.  The  evergreen  '. 

oak.  [burnt  sacrifice. 

H6i'o-€aust,  n.  A  whole-  '. 
Hol'ster,  n.    A  horseman's 

case  for  pistols. 
Ho'ly,  a.     Perfectly  pure  ; 

pious  ;  _godly  ;  sacred. 
Ho'ly-day,  n.     A  religious 
festival,   [worship  ;  respect. 
Hom'age,   n.      llevereuce  ; 
Home,  n.     One's  dwelling- 
house.  —  a.    Close  ;  severe. 
—  adv.    To  the  point. 
Home'li-ness,  n.  Plainness. 
Home'less,  a.     Having  no 
home. 

Home'ly,  a.  Plain  ;  not  hand- 
some; coarse.  [home. 
Home'-made,  a.    Made  at 
H6/me-o-path'i€,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  homeopathy. 
Ho^me-op'a-thy ,  n.  A  theory 
,  and  practice  founded  on  the 
principle  that  a  medicine 
which  will  cause  will  also 
cure  a  disease. 
Home'sick,  a.     Sick  from 

being  away  from  home. 
Home'spun,  a.  Made  in  the 
family  ;  coarse ;  plain  ;  rude. 
Home'stead,  n.  Home  or 
scat  of  a  family.  [home. 
Home'ward,  adv.  Toward 
Hom'i-Qi'dal,  a.  Pertaining 

to  homicide  ;  murderous. 
H6in'i-Qide,  n.    The  killing 
of  one  human  being  by  an- 
other,     [ligious  discourse. 
H6in'i-ly,  n.    A  familiar  re- 
H6m'i-ny,  n.    Food  of  maize 

broken  coarse  and  boiled. 
H6m'mock,  n.    A  small  de- 
tached hill. 
Ho/mo-ge'ne-al,    1  a.  Of 
Ho-mo-^e'ne-oiis, )  the 

same  kind  throughout. 
Hone,  n.    A  whetstone  for 
I      sharpening.  —  v.   t.  To 

sharpen  on  a  hone. 
.  HSn'est  (oncost),  a.  Upright 
in  dealing ;  just ;  sincere. 


H6n'est-ly  (on^est-),  adv.  Up- 
rightly, [tice ;  truth. 
H6n'est-y  (on^'est-),  n.  Jus- 
Hon'ey,  n.  Sweet  juice  col- 
lected by  bees  from  flowers. 
Hon'ey-comb    (-kom),  n. 

Cells  of  wax  to  hold  honey. 
Hon'eyed  (14),  a.  Covered 

with  honey  ;  sweet. 
Hon'ey-mobn,    n.  First 

month  after  marriage. 
Hon'ey-suck^le,  M.  A  sweet- 
scented  flowering  plant. 
Hon'or  (on^ur,  83),  n.  Es- 
teem paid  to  worth  ;  reputa- 
tion.—  v.t.    To  esteem;  to 
exalt ;  to  accept  and  pay. 
H6n'or-a-ble    (ou/ur-),  a. 
Worthy  of  honor  ;  actuated 
by  noble  motives. 
H6n'or-a-bly  (6n/ur-),  adv. 

With  honor,  [ferring  honor. 
H6n'or-a-ry  (6n/ur-),a.  Con- 
Hdbd,  n.  A  covering  for  the 
head.  —  v.  t.  To  furnish  with 
a  hood;  to  hide.  ^[cover. 
Hdt)d'wink,r.  t.  Toblind  ;  to 
Hoof,  n.  ~  The  horny  part  of 

a  beast's  foot. 
Hook,  n.    A  bent  piece  of 
iron. — V.  t.     To  catch  or 
fasten  with  a  hook. 
Hdbk'ed  {or  ho'okt),  a.  Hav- 
ing the  form  of  a  hook. 
Hoop,  or  Ildcp,  71.    A  band 
of  "wood  or  iron  for  a  cask. 

—  V.  t.  To  fasten  with 
hoops.  [whoop. 

Kdbp,  v.  i.  To  cry  out;  to 
H6bp'ing-€0Ugh  (-kawf ),  n. 

A  convulsive  cough. 
Hoot,  n.  A  shout  of  contempt. 

—  V.  i.    To  cry  as  an  owl. 
H6p  (7),  V.  I.    To  jump  on 

one  leg.  — n.  A  leap  on  one 
leg  ;  a  dance;  a  plant. 
Hope,  n.  Desire  of  good  joined 
with  expectation.  —  v.  To 
desire  with  expectation. 
Hope'ful,  a.    Full  of  hope. 
Hope'less,  a.    Destitute  of 
I      hope. —  Syn.  Despairing; 

desponding  ;  desperate. 
*  Hop'per,  n.    Part  of  a  mill. 
)   H6p'ple,  V.  t.     To  tie  the 

feet  of  loo^x'ly  together, 
b  H5rde,n.  A  wandering  tribe 
or  troop. 


^ .    ^'  y»  ^^^^ '  ^'    ^'  ^'  ^'  ^»  '^'"''^ '        car,aflk,  aU,  wh^t ;  Gre,  veil,  term  ;  pVquo,  ilrm ; 


HORIZON 

Ho-ri'zon,n.  Apparent  junc- 
tion of  earth  and  sky. 

Hor^i-zon'tal,  a.  Parallel  to 
the  horizon ;  level. 

Horn,  n.  The  hard  pointed 
growth  on  an  animal's 
head  ;  a  wind  instrument. 

Horn'-bdbk,  n.    A  primer. 

Horn'pipe,  n.  A  tune;  a 
dance.  [horn. 

Horn'y,  a.    Made  of,  or  like, 

Ilo-rdg'ra-phy,  n.  Art  of 
constructing  dials. 

Ho-r61'o-gy ,  n.  Art  of  meas- 
uring time. 

H5r'o-S€ope,  w.  Aspect  of 
planets  at  the  hour  of  birth. 

H6r'ri-ble,  a.  Exciting  hor- 
ror ;  frightful;  awful. 

H6r'ri-bly,  adv.  Frightfully. 

Hor'rid,  a.  Dreadful;  hide- 
ous ;  horrible. 

H6r'rid-ly,  adv.  Shockingly. 

Hor-rif'i€,  a.  Causing  horrorkl/  ] 

H6r'ror,  n.    A  shuddering]^ 
with  fear ;  terror. 

Horse,  n.  A  well-known 
quadruped  ;  cavalry  ;  a 
wooden  frame.  [horse. 

H6rse'bS,ck,  n.     Back  of  a 

Horse'-chest-nut  (-ches/-), 
n.  A  shade-tree  and  its  fruit. 

Horse '-guardg,  n.  pi.  Cav 
airy  for  guards. 

H6rse'-j6ck''ey,  n.  One  who 
makes  a  practice  of  buying 
and  selling  horses. 

Horse'-laugh  (-laf),  n.  A 
loud,  coarse  laugh. 

Horse'-lit'ter,  n.  A  carriage 
on  poles  borne  between 
horses.      [skilled  in  riding. 

Horse'man  (21),  n.  One 

Horse'man-ship,  n.  Art  of 
riding  and  training  horses. 

Horse'-play,  n.   Rude  play. 

Horse'-pow'er,  n.  Power  of 
a  horse  or  its  equivalent  ; 
83,000  pounds  raised  one 
foot  in  a  minute.  [horses. 

Horse'-rage,  n.   A  race  by 

H6rse'-r5,d'ish,  n.  A  vege- 
table having  a  very  pungent 
root,  used  as  a  condiment. 

Horse'shoe  (-shoo),  n.  An 
iron  shoe  for  a  horse. 

Horse'whip,  n.  A  whip  to 
drive  horses.  — v.  t.  To  lash. 


133 

Hor'ta-tive,   \  a.  Giving  ad- 
H6r'ta-to-ry, )  monition. 
H6r/ti-eult'ur-al,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  horticulture. 
H6r'ti-€ulVure,«.  Culture 

of  a  garden. 
H6r'ti-€ult'ur-ist,  n.  One 

skilled  in  gardening. 
Ho-gan'na,  n.  Praise  to  God. 
Ho§e, «.(;?/.  Hose,  24.)  Stock- 
ings ;  coverings  for  the  legs  ; 
flexible  pipe  to  convey  water. 
H5'§ier  (ho'zher),  n.  One  who 

deals  in  stockings. 
Ho'§ier-y     (ho^zher-y),  n. 

Stockings,  socks,  &c. 
H6s'pi-ta-ble,  a.     Kind  to 
strangers  or  guests.  —  Syn. 
Generous  ;    liberal  ;  free- 
hearted,    [pi table  manner. 
H6s'pi-ta-bly,  adv.  In  ahos- 
H6s'pi-tal,  n.  A  building  for 

the  t>ick  or  insane. 
H6s''pi-tal'i-ty,n.  Entertain- 
ment   of    strangers  and 
guests. 

Host,  n.  One  who  entertains 
a  stranger ;  an  army  ;  sacri- 
fice of  the  mass. 
Hds'tage,  n.  A  person  given 
as  a  pledge  for  the  perform- 
ance of  certain  conditions. 
Host'ess,  n.    A  female  host ; 

a  landlady.  [posite. 
H6s'tile,a.  Unfriendly  ;  op- 
Hos-til'i-ty,  n.    Enmity  of  a 

public  foe. 
HSst'ler  (hostler  or  ostler),  n. 
One  who  has  the  care  of 
horses.  [fiery. 
H6t,  a.    Having  heat ;  eager ; 
H6t'-bed,  n.    A  garden  bed 
covered  with  glass.  [ers. 
Ho-teP,  n.  An  inn  for  travel- 
Hot'-head^ed,  a.    Of  ardent 

passions. 
H6t '-house,  n.  A  house  kept 
warm  to  shelter  plants,  [ly. 
H6t'ly,  adv.  Violently  ;  keen- 
H6t'-pr6ss,  V.  t.     To  press 
between  hot  plates,  so  as  to 
make  smooth  and  glossy. 
Hough  (hSk),  n.    The  ham. 
Hound,  n.  A  dog  for  hunting. 
Hour  (our),  n.  Twenty-fourth 
of  a  day  ;  a  particular  time. 
Hour '-glass  (our^-),  n.  A 
glass  to  show  time. 


HUG 

HoTir'-hand  (our/-),  n.  The 
hand  of  a  clock  or  watch. 

Hour'ly  (our/-),  a.  Done 
every  hour  ;  frequent.  — 
adv.  Every  hour. 

House,  n.  A  place  of  abode  ; 
a  family  ;  a  branch  of  the 
legislature  ;  a  quorum. 

Hou§e  (houz),  V.  t.  To  put 
under  shelter  ;  to  harbor. 

House'-break'er,  n.  One 
who  breaks  into  a  house. 

House'hold,  n.  A  family  liv- 
ing together,   [keeps  house. 

House'hold-er,  n.    On:  who 

House'keep-er,  n.  One  who 
occupies  a  house. 

House'keep-ing,  n.  Care  of 
domestic  concerns. 

House 'maid,  n.  A  female 
servant. 

House'wife  (or  huz^wif ),  n. 
Mistress  of  a  family  ;  female 
economist. 

House'wife-ry  (htlz'wif-r^), 
n.  Female  management  of 
domestic  concerns. 

Houg'ing,  n.  A  shelter  ;  a 
saddle-cloth. 

H6v'el,  n.  A  shed  ;  a  cottage. 

Hov'er  (8),  v.  i.  To  flap  the 
wings ;  to  move  to  and  fra 
near.         [for  what  reason. 

How,  adv.  In  what  manner  ; 

How-be 'it,  adv.  Nevertheless. 

How-ev'er,  adv.  Neverthe- 
less ;  still  ;  though  ;  yet. 

How'itz-er(-its-),  A  kind  of 
mortar  or  cannon. 

Howl,  r.  i.  To  cry  as  a  dog 
or  wolf.  —  n.  The  cry  of  a 
dog  or  wolf.  [owlet. 

Howl'et,  n.     An  owl  ;  an 

Hoy  (18),  w.  A  small  coast- 
ing vessel. 

Hub.  n.  The  nave  of  a  wheel. 

Hub'bub,  n.  Uproar  ;  tu- 
mult, [small  articles. 

Huck'ster,  n.    A  retailer  of 

Hud'dle,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  crowd 
together. —  n.  A  crowd 
without  order :  confusion. 

Hue,  M.  Color ;  dye ;  a  clamor. 

Huff(l),  n.  A  swell  of  anger. 
—  V.  t.  or  i.  To  bluster. 

Huffy,  a.  Swelled  :  arrogant. 

Hug,  V.  t.  To  embrace  close- 
ly.—  n.  A  close  embrace. 


86n,  or,  do,  WQlf,  tob,  t(?bk  ;  Dm,  rije,  pnll ;  f ,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  ag  ;  epst ;  q  as  ng ;  ttiis. 


HUGE 


134 


HYENA 


Huge,  a.    Bulky  ;  vast. 

Huge'ly,  adv.  Immensely. 

Hulk,  n.  Body  of  an  old  ship. 

Hull  (1),  n.  The  outer  cover- 
ing of  a  nut,  or  of  grain  ; 
frame  of  a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To 
strip  off  the  hulls  of;  to 
pierce  the  hull  of. 

Hum,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  sing  low ;  to 
buzz.  —  n  .  A  buzzing  sound. 

Hu'man,  a.  Belonging  to 
mankind.  [kind. 

Hu-mane',  a.     Benevolent  ; 

Hu-man'i-ty,  n.  The  nature 
of  man  ;  kind  disposition. 

Hu'man-Ize,  r.  To  render 
humane.  [man  race. 

Hu'man-kmd,  n.    The  hu- 

Hu'man-ly,  adv.  After  the 
manner  of  men. 

Hum'ble,  a.  Low  in  feelings 
or  condition.  —  Syn.  Low- 
ly ;  modest;  meek. — v.  t. 
To  make  humble  ;  to  bring 
low.  [manner. 

Hum'bly,  adv.  In  a  humble 

Hum'bug,  n.  An  imposition  ; 
a  hoax.  —  v.  t.  To  impose 
upon  ;  to  hoax. 

Hum'drum,  n.  A  stupid  fel- 
low.—  a.  Dull;  stupid. 

Hu'mid,  rt.    Moist;  damp. 

Hu-mid'i-ty,  I  n.  Moisture  ; 

Hu'mid-ness,  )  dampness. 

Hu-mil'i-ate,  v.t.  To  hum- 
ble ;  to  depress  ;  to  abase. 

Hu-miPi-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
humbling ;  state  of  being 
humbled.  [mind. 

Hu-mil'i-ty,  n.  Lowliness  of 

Hum'ming-bird,  n.  A  very 
small  bird. 

Hu'mor  (or  yij/mur,  33),  n. 
Moisture ;  any  animal  fluid ; 
temper;  disposition  ;  a  deli- 
cate kind  of  wit :  pleasantry. 
—  V.  t.  To  gratify  ;  to  in- 
dulge by  compliance. 
Hu'mor-ist  (or  yij/mur-),  n. 

A  wag  ;  a  droll. 
Hu'mor-o<i8  (or  yij/mur-),  a. 

Jocular  ;  waggish ;  pleasant. 
Hu'mor-oiis-ly  (or  yjj/mur-), 

adv.    With  pleasantry. 
Hu'mor-s6me  (or  yij/mur-), 

a.  Influenced  by  humor. 
Hiimp,  n.    A  swelling,  as  of 
flesh  ;  protuberance. 


Hump'back,  n.     A  person 

with  a  crooked  back. 
Hunch,  w.    A  protuberance. 

—  V.  t.  To  push  with  the 
elbow ;  to  crook  the  back. 

Hun'dred,  a   Ten  times  ten. 

—  n.  The  sum  of  ten  times 
ten.  [of  a  hundred. 

Hun'dredth,  a.   The  ordinal 
Hung,  imp.   &  p.  p.  from 
Hang. 

Hun'ger  (hSng^ger),  n.  Gray- 
ing appetite. 

Hun'gered,  a.  Hungry. 

Hun'gry,  a.  Feeling  distress 
from  want  of  food. 

Hunks,  n.    A  miser. 

Hunt,  V.  t.  To  chase,  as 
game.  —  v.  i.  To  go  in  pur- 
suit of  game.  —  n.  Chase  of 
game  ;  pursuit  ;  pack  of 
hounds. 

Hunt'er,  n.  One  who  hunts. 

Hunt'ress,  n.  A  female  hunt- 
er, [who  hunts. 

Hunts'man  (21),  n.     A  man 

Hur'dle,  n.  A  texture  of 
twigs  ;  a  crate  ;  a  sledge. 

Hurl,  v.t.  To  throw  with 
violence.  — n.  Act  of  throw- 
ing with  violence. 

Hur-ra',   \  interj.  of  joy  or 

Hiir-rah', )  triumph. 

Hur'ri-cane,  n.  A  violent 
storm  or  tempest. 

Hur'ry,  v.  To  hasten.  —  n. 
Great  haste. 

Hurt,  n.  Whatever  injures  or 
harms.  —  Syn.  Wound  ; 
injury  ;  harm  ;  damage.  — 
V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  HURT.] 
To  injure  ;  to  harm. 

Hiirt'ful,  a.  Injurious. 

Hu§'band,  n.  A  man  mar- 
ried to  a  woman.  —  v.t.  To 
manage  frugally.  [farmer. 

Hus'band-man  (21),  n.  A 

Hu§'band-ry,  n.  Tillage ; 
domestic  economy. 

Hush,  a.  Still  ;  silent ;  calm  ; 
—  V.  t.  To  silence ;  to  quiet. 

Hush'-m6n/ey  (-mun'J^),  n. 
A  bribe  to  secrecy. 

Hiisk,  n.  The  covering  of 
certain  fruits. — v.  t.  To 
strip  the  husks  from. 

Husk'i-ness,  n.  Dryness ; 
harshness. 


Husk'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
husks  ;  harsh  ;  hoarse. 

Hus-§ar'  (hcToz-zar''),  n.  A 
mounted  soldier.  [an. 

Hu§'§y,  n.  A  worthless  wom- 

Hiis 'tings,  n.  pi.  A  place 
where  the  election  of  a  mem- 
ber of  parliament  is  held. 

Hus'tle  (hus/sl),  V.  i.  T« 
shake  together  in  confusion. 

Hut,  n.  A  poor  cottage  or 
mean  abode. 

Huz-za',  inter j.  expressing 
joy  or  exultation.  —  n.  A 
shout  of  joy.  —  V.  i.  (15) 
To  shout  in  joy.  [plant. 

Hy'a-Qinth,  n.    A  flowering 

Hy'brid,  or  Hyb'rid,  n.  A 
mongrel.  —  a.  Produced  by 
the  mixture  of  two  species  ; 
mongrel. 

Hy'dra  (18),  n.  A  fabulous 
monster  with  many  heads. 

Hy'drant,  n.  A  pipe  to  dis- 
charge water  from  an  aque- 
duct, [hydraulics. 

Hy-draul'i€,  a.    Relating  to 

Hy-draul'i«s,  n.  sing.  The 
science  which  treat  s  of  fluids 
in  motion. 

Hy'dro-gen,  n.  An  inflam- 
mable gas  which  is  one  of 
the  elements  of  water. 

Hy-dr6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion and  representation  by 
charts,  of  seas,  rivers,  &c. 

Hy'dro-m61,  n.  A  liquor 
made  of  honey  and  water. 

Hy-dr6m'e-try,  n.  Art  of 
measuring  the  density  of 
fluids.  [cure. 

Hy-dr6p'a-thy ,  n.  The  water- 
Hy'dro-pho'bi-a,  n.  Dread 

of  water  ;  canine  madness. 
Hy-dr6p'i€-al,  a.  Dropsical. 
Hy/dro-st5-t'i€,     )  a.  Re. 
Hy/dro-stat'i€-al, )  latiug 

to  hydrostatics. 
'Ry^dro-stkVi'CS,  n.  sing.  The 
science  which  treats  of  the 
properties  of  fluids  at  rest. 
Hy-e'na,  n. 


Hyena. 


a,  g,  1,  6,  u,  y,  long;  a,  6,  i,  6,  tt,     short ;  care,  car, ask,  ftU,  wh^t ;  Ore,  vgil,  t5rni ;  pique,  firm ; 


HYGIENE 


135 


IDIOSYNCRASY 


Hy'gi-ene',  n.  Science  that 
treats  of  the  preservation  of 
health. 

Hy'men,  n.  The  god  of  mar- 
riage. 

Hy/men-e'al,  \a.  Relating 
Hy/men-e'an, )  to  marriage. 
Hymn  (him),  n.    A  song  of 

praise.  —  v.  t.  To  praise  in 

Fongs. 
Hy-per'bo-la,  n.  A 

curve  formed  by  a 

certain  section  of  a 

cone. 

Hy-per'bo-le,  n.  Ex- 
aggeration. — 

Hy'per-b61'i€-al,  a.   Hv  per- 
Exaggeratiug  or  ex- 
tenuating.  [ern. 

Hy'per-bo're-an,  a.  North- 

Hy'per-€rit'i€,  n.  A  critic 
exact  beyond  reason. 

Hy/per-erit'i«-al,  a.  Critical 
beyond  use  or  reason. 


Hy/per-crit'i-Qi§m,  n.  Ex- 
cessive rigor  of  criticism. 

Hy'phen,n.  The  mark(-)  used 
to  join  syllables  or  the  parts 
of  some  compound  words. 

Hyp'o-€h6n'dri-a,n.  Gloomy 
depression  of  spirits. 

Hyp'o-€h6n'dri-a€,  n.  One 
affected  with  low  spirits. 

Hyp^o-€hon-dri'a€-al,  a. 
Melancholy  ;  dejected. 

Hy-p6€'ri-sy,  n.  Dissimula- 
tion ;  insincerity. 

Hyp'o-erite,  n.  A  dissembler. 

Hyp^o-erit'i-e-al,a.  Insincere. 

Hy'po-st3,t'i€  {or  hTp^o-),  a. 
Elementary  ;  distinctly  per- 
sonal. 

Hy-p6t'e-nuse,  or 
Hy-p6t'e-nuse, 
n.   Longest  side 
of  a  right  angled  1^ 
triangle.  ^  ft,  Hy- 

Hy-p6th'e-eate,  potenuse. 


or  Hy-p6th'e-eate,  v.  t.  To 
pledge  for  the  security  of  a 
creditor. 

Hy-p6th^e-€a'tion,  or  Hj^- 
p6th'e-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
pledging  as  security. 

Hy-p6th'e-sis,  or  Hy-p6th'- 
e-sis  {pL  Hy-p6th'e-§e§, 
hi-  or  hi-),  n.  Supposition. 

Hy/po-thet'i€-al  (or  hip/o-), 
a.  Supposed. 

Hy'po-thet'i€-al-ly  {or  h?p/- 
o-T,  adv.  Upon  supposition. 

Hy'son  (hi''sn),n.  A  fragrant 
species  of  green  tea. 

Hys'sop  (his^sup  or  hFzup), 
n.    An  aromatic  plant. 

Hys-t6r'i€,      I  a.  Pertain- 

Hys-t6r'i€-al,  )  ing  to  hys- 
teria ;  convulsive;  fitful. 

Hys-t§r'i€S,  \n.    A  nervous 

Hys-te'ri-a,  )  affection  char- 
acterized by  alternate  laugh- 
ing and  crying. 


I. 


"T  pron.  of  the  first  person ; 
I  ,   one's  self. 

!C§im'bus,  n.  A  poetic  foot 
consisting  of  a  long  and  a 
short  or  an  accented  and 
an  unaccented  syllable. 

I'bex(18),  ai.  A 
kind  of  goat 
found  in  the 
mountainous 
parts  of  Eu- 
rope. 

I'bis,  n.  A 
wading  bird 
formerly  rev- 
erenced in  Egypt. 

Ige,  n.  AV^ater  congealed  to 
hardness ;  concreted  sugar. 
—  V,  t.  To  cover  with  ice 
or  concreted  sugar. 

Ige'berg,  n.  A  mountain  of 
floating  ice. 

Ige'— cream,  n.     Cream  or 

_  custard  flavored  and  frozen. 

Ige'-house,  n.  A  place  for 
keeping  ice. 


Ibex. 


l€h-neu'mon,  n.  A  small 
animal  in  Egypt  which  de- 
stroys eggs. 

l€h-n6g'ra-phy,  n.  Hori- 
zontal section  of  an  object. 

I'€h6r  (i^kor),  n.  A  thin 
watery  humor. 

l€hahy-61'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 

_  ence  of  fishes. 

I'Qi-ele  (T^sl-kl),  n.  A  pend- 
ent mass  of  ice.  [being  icy. 

Pgi-ness  (13),  n.    State  of 

I-€6n'o-elast,  n.  A  breaker 
or  destroyer  of  images. 

r-eon-6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  ancient  statues. 

I'gy,  a.  Abounding  with,  or 
resembling,  ice. 

I-de'a  (18),  M.  Mental  image ; 
conception;  thought  ;  no- 
tion. 

I-de'al,  a.  Existing  in  idea 
or  in  fancy.  —  Syn.  Tision- 
ary  ;  fanciful  ;  in^aginary. 
—  n.  Conception  of  a  thing 
in  its  most  perfect  state. 


I-de'al-i§m,  n.  The  doctrine 
_  of  ideal  existence. 
Fde-Sl'l-ty,  n.  A  lively  imagi- 
nation united  to  a  love  of 
the  beautiful. 
I-den'ti€-al,  a.  Precisely  the 
_  same.  [identical  manner. 
I-den'ti€-al-ly,  adv.  In  an 
I-d6n^ti-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of 

proving  to  be  the  same. 
I-den'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  prove  to 
_  be  the  same. 
I-den'ti-ty,  n.  Sameness. 
Ide§,  n.     The  15th  day  of 
March,  May,  July,  and  Oc- 
tober, and  the  ISth  of  the 
other  months. 
Id'i-o-gy,  n.    Deficiency  of 
understanding  ;  imbecility. 
Id'i-om,  n.    An  expression 

peculiar  to  a  language. 
Id'i-om-at'i€,  a.  Peculiar  to 

a  language. 
Idd-o-syn'-era-sy,  n.   A  pe- 
culiarity of  bodily  or  mental 
constitution. 


Bon,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  too,  t<rok ;  dm,  rye,  p\ill ;  9,  5,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


IDIOT 


136 


IMMEASURABLE 


id'i-ot,  n.    A  natural  fool. 
Id^i-6t'i€,  a.    Like  an  idiot. 
I'dle,  a.    Not  occupied  ;  tri- 
_  fling.  —  o.  t.  To  spend  idly. 
I'dle-ness,  n.  Inaction. 
I'dler,  n.    One  who  idles. 
I'dly,  adv.  Sluggishly  ;  vain- 
_  ly  ;  lazily  ;  carelessly. 
I'dol,  n.  An  image  worshiped. 
I-d61'a-ter,  n.    A  worshiper 
_  of  idols ;  a  pagan. 
I-dol'a-tress,  n.    A  female 
_  idolater.  [idolatry. 
I-dol'a-trous,   a.    Given  to 

I-  dol'a-try,  n.    Worship  of 
idols ;  excessive  attachment. 

I'dol-ize,  V.  t.    To  love  to 

_  excess  or^adoration. 

I'dyl,  or  Id'yl,  n.    A  short 

pastoral  poem, 
if  (1),  f.    (commonly  called  a 
conj.)    Grant;  allow;  sup- 
pose ;  admit.  [fire, 
fg'ne-ous,  a.    Consisting  of 
Ig/nis-Fat'u-us,  n.    A  kind 

of  meteor  in  the  night. 
Ig-nlte',  V.  t.  or  i.  To  kindle. 
Ig-m'tion  (-nish^un),  n.  The 

act  of  taking -fire. 
Ig-no'ble,  a.    Of  low  birth  ; 

not  honorable ;  base ;  mean. 
Ig^no-mm'i-ous,   a.  Very 

shameful ;  dishonorable, 
ig'no-min-y,  n.    Public  dis- 
grace ;  infamy. 
Ig/no-ra'mus,n.  An  ignorant 

person  ;  a  blockhead. 
Ig'no-range,  n.     Want  of 
knowledge.  [knowledge, 
g'no-rant,    a.  Wanting 
g'no-rant-ly,  adv.  Without 
knowledge. 
Ig-n5re',  v.  t.    To  declare  ig- 
norance of ;  to  refuse  to 
take  notice  of. 
in  (1),  a.    Bad;  sick;  indis- 
posed.—  n.    Evil;  harm; 
wickedness ;  misfortune.  — 
adv.    Not  well  ;  amiss. 
1-la'tion,  n.    An  inference. 
I'la-tive,  a.  Capable  of  being 
inferred. 
Ill'-brSd,  a.    Not  well-bred  ; 
impolite. 

II-  le'gal,  a.  Contrary  to  law ; 
unlawful.  [ness. 

iFle-g3,l'i-ty,  n.  Unlawful- 
Il-le'gal-lyi  adv.  Unlawfully. 


H-le^'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  read.  [be  read. 

Il-leg'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not  to 
IPle-git'i-ma-gy,   n.  Bas- 
tardy. 

IFle-git'l-mate,  a.  Born  out 
of  wedlock  ;  not  genuine. 

ni-fa'vored,  a.  Ill-looking; 
ugly  ;  honiely. 

Il-lib'er-al,  a.  Not  gener- 
ous ;  mean  ;  not  candid. 

Il-lib''er-al'i-ty,  n.  Narrow- 
ness of  mind ;  parsimony. 

Il-lig'it,  a.  Unlawful. 

Il-lim'it-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  bounded  or  limited. 

Il-lit'er-ate,  a.  Unlearned. 

Il-lit'er-a-gy,  n.  Ignorance. 

lll'-nat/ure,  n.  Habitual 
badness  of  temper. 

ill'-nat''ur(3d,  a.  Cross ;  peev- 
ish. 

Ill'ness,  n.  Indisposition  ; 
sickness  ;  wickedness. 

Il-16g'i-e-al,  a.  Not  accord- 
ing to  logic. 

ill-starred',  a.  Fated  to  be 
unfortunate.  [ceive. 

Il-lude',  V.  t.  To  mock  or  de- 

Il-liime',     )  v.  t.  To  enlight- 

Il-lu'mine,  I     en;  to  adorn. 

Xl-lu'mi-nate,  v.  t.  To  en- 
lighten ;  to  illustrate. 

Il-iu^mi-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
enlightening  ;  display  of 
light  for  festive  occasiotis. 

H-lu'gion,  n.  An  unreal  im- 
age ;  false  show  ;  error. 

H-lu'sive,    )  a.  Deceiving  by 

Il-lu'so-ry,  ]    false  show. 

Il-lus'trate,  t'. To  explain; 
to  make  clear. 

iPlus-tra'tion,  n.  Explana- 
tion, [explain. 

Il-lus'tra-tive,  a.  Tending  to 

Il-lus'tri-ous,  a.  Distin- 
guished for  greatness  or 
splendor.  —  Syn.  Eminent; 
conspicuous  ;  celebrated. 

ilP-wilP,  n.    Hostile  feeling. 

im'age,  n.  A  likeness  ; 
statue  ;  idol  ;  idea.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  a  likeness  in  idea. 

im'age-ry,n.  Lively  descrip- 
tion ;  figures  of  speech. 

Im-^g'i-na-ble,  a.  Possible 
to  be  conceived. 

Im-ag'i-na-ry,  a.  Fancied; 


existing  only  in  imagina- 
tion ;  visionary  ;  unreal. 

Im-ag^i-na'tion,  n.  Faculty 
of  forming  mental  images; 
conception  ;  idea. 

Im-ag'i-n active,  a.  Gifted 
with,  or  pertaining  to,  im- 
agination, [conceive. 

Im-ag'ine,  v.    To  think  ;  to 

Im-bank',  v.  t.  To  inclose  or 
defend  with  a  bank. 

Im-bank'ment,  n.  Act  of 
imbanking.  [or  body. 

im'be-Qile,  a.  Weak  in  mind 

im^be-gil'i-ty,  n.  Impoten- 
cy  ;  feebleness. 

Im-bed',  v.  t.  To  sink  or 
cover,  as  in  a  bed. 

Im-blbe',  v.  t.    To  drink  in. 

Im-bit'ter,  v.  t.  To  make 
bitter. 

Im-bos'om,  v.  t.  To  em- 
brace or  hold  in  the  bosom. 

Im'bri-eate,    I  a.  Laid  one 

im'bri-€a'ted,  j  over  an- 
other, as  tiles. 

im/bri-€a'tion,  n.  An  over- 
lapping like  that  of  tiles. 

Im-brue',  v.  t.  To  steep  ;  to 
wet. 

Im-brute',  v.  To  degrade  or 
sink  to  brutality.  [deeply. 

Im-bue',  V.  t.    To  tincture 

im'i-tate,  1'.  To  follow  as  a 
pattern  or  model ;  to  copy. 

im^i-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of  imi-  ! 
tating  ;  a  copy.  j 

im'i-taaive,  a.  Tending  to, 
or  aiming  at,  likeness. 

iiti'l-ta'tor,  n.  One  who  imi- 
tates. 

Im-mac'u-late,  a.  Without 
blemish  ;  morally  spotless. 

im'ma-nent,  a.  inherent. 

im/ma-te'ri-al,  a.  Not  con- 
sisting of  matter ;  unimpor- 
tant. 

im/ma-te'r7-al-i§m,  n.  Doc- 
trine of  spiritual  existence. 

im^ma-te'ri-al  ist,  n.  On© 
who  profosvses  immateriality. 

im'ma-te  ri-ai'i~ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity  of  being  distinct  from  m 
matter.  [seasonable.  ■ 

im^ma-ture',  a.  Unripe;  un-« 

im'ma-cu'ri-ty,  n.  Uuripo-« 
ness  :  incompleteness.  ■ 

Im-mea§'ur-a-ble    ( -n«ezb'-  ■ 


a, 5, 1, 0,  u,  y,  long;  S, «, 6, tt, 


L,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  &8k,  gll,  wh*>t ;  ere,  vgU,  tSna ;  pique,  firai 


IMMEASURABLY 


137 


IMPERVIOUS 


ur-),  a.  Incapable  of  being 
measured. 

Im-meas'ur-a-bly  ('-mezh'- 
ur-),  adv.  Beyond  all  meas- 
ure,       [medium ;  instant. 

Im-me'di-ate,  a.   Without  a 

Im-me'di-ate-ly,  adv.  With- 
out dela,y.  [be  cured. 

Im-med'i-ea-ble,  a.   Not  to 

im/me-mo'ri-al,  a.  The  ori- 
gin of  which  is  beyond 
memory. 

Im-mense',  a.  Vast  in  ex- 
tent ;  without  known  limit. 

Im-mense'ly,  adv.  Vastly. 

Im-men'si-ty,  n.  Unlimited 
extension  ;  vastness. 

Im-merge',  V.     To  immerse. 

Im-merse',  r.  t.  To  put  into 
a  lluid ;  to  engage  deeply. 

Im-mer'sion,  n.  The  act  of 
immersing,  or  state  of  being 
immersed.         [no  method. 

|m/me-th6d'i€-al,  a.  Having 

Im'mi-grant,  n.  One  who 
immigrates. 

Im'mi-grate,  v.  i.  To  re- 
move into  a  country  for  resi- 
dence,        [into  a  country. 

Im/mi-gra'tion,  n.  Removal 

im'mi-nent,  a.  Impending. 

Im-mis'sion  (-mish'un),  n. 
Act  of  sending  in. 

Im^mo-biPi-ty,  n.  Resist- 
ance to  motion. 

Im-m6d'er-ate,a.  Excessive. 

Im-mod'er-ate-ly,  adv.  In 
an  excessive  degree. 

Im-m6d'est,  a.  Unchaste; 
impudent. 

Im-m6d'est-ly,  adv.  With- 
out reserve.  [modest}^ 

Im-mod'est-y,  n.    Want  of 

Im'mo-late,  v.  t.  To  sacri- 
fice. 

Im/mo-la'tion,  n.  Sacrifice. 

Im,-in6r'al,  a,  Evil;  wicked. 

Im/mo-ral'i-ty,  n.  Any  act 
that  is  contrary  to  the  di- 
vine law. 

Im-m6r'al-ly,a(^r.  Viciously. 

Im-ra6r'tal,a.  Never  dying. 

Im'mor-tal'i-ty,  n.  Immor- 
tal existence. 

Im-ni6r'tal-ize,r.  t.  To  make 
immortal. 

Im-mpv'a-ble  (-mobv^a-bl), 
a.  Incapable  of  being  moved. 


Im-mov'a-bly,  adv.  With 
firmness.  [privilege. 

Im-mu'ni-ty,  n.  Peculiar 

Im-mure',  v.  t.  To  inclose 
within  walls. 

Iin-mu''ta-bil'i-ty,  n.  Un- 
changeableness. 

Im-mu'ta-ble,  «.  Incapable 
of  being  changed  ;  invaria- 
ble, [changeably. 

Im-mu'ta-bly,  adv.  Un- 

Imp,  n.  A  young  or  inferior 
devil.  [communicated. 

im'pact,  n.    Collision  ;  force 

Im-pair',  v.t.  To  make  worse ; 
to  injure  ;  to  weaken,  [stake. 

Im-pale',  v.  t.    To  fix  on  a 

Im-pal'pa-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  felt. 

Im-pan'el,  v.  t.  To  form  or 
enroll,  as  a  jury. 

Im-part',  v.t.  To  grant ;  to 
bestow  on  ;  to  make  known. 

Im-par'tial ,  a.  Free  from 
bias.  —  Syn.  Unprejudiced  ; 

^  just ;  equitable. 

im'par-ti-al'i-ty  (-shi-ai/-  or 
-shiil/-),  n.  Freedom  from 
bias  ;  justice.  [bly. 

Im-par'tial-ly,a</t'.  Equita- 

Im-pass'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
passed. 

Im-pas/si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Ex- 
emption from  suffering  or 
pain. 

Im-pas'si-ble,  a.  Incapable 

of  passion  or  pain. 
Im-pas'sion  (-push/un),  v.  t. 

To  affect  with  passion. 
Im-pas'sive,  a.  Exempt  from 

suffering  or  pain. 
Im-pa'tienge ,  n .  Uneasiness 

under  suffering,  delay,  &c.  ; 

restlessness. 
Im-pa'tient  (-pa'shent),  a. 

Uneasy  ;  not  quiet. 
Im-pa'tient-ly,  adv.  With 

uneasiness. 
Im-peach',  v.  t.    To  accuse 

by  a  public  body  ;  to  bring 

into  question. 
Im-peach'a-ble,  a.  Liable 

to  inipeachment. 
Im-peach'ment.  n.  Accusa- 
tion by  authority. 
Im-pe-e''-ea-bil'i-ty,  n.  The 

quality  of  not  being  liable 

to  sin. 


Im-pe€'€a-ble,  a.  Not  liable 
to  sin. 

Im-pede',  v.  t.    To  hinder; 

to  obstruct.  [tion. 
Im-ped'i-ment,  n.  Obstruc- 
Im-pel'  (7),  f.      To  urge  for- 
ward. 

Im-pel'lent,  n.  A  power  that 
drives.  —  a.  Urging. 

Im-pend',  v.  i.  To  hang  over. 

Im-pend'enge,   )  n.  A  hang- 

Im-pend'en-gy, )    ing  over. 

Im-p6nd'ing,  a.  Hanging 
over  ;  imminent. 

Im-pen'e-tra-bil'i-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  not  being  pene- 
trable. 

Im-pen'e-tra-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  penetrated. 

Im-pen'i-tenge,  n.  Obdu- 
racy ;  hardness  of  heart. 

Im-pen'i-tent,  a.  Not  repent- 
ing of  sin. 

Im-per'a-tive,  a.  Expressive 
of  command. 

Im-per'a-tive-ly,  adv.  With 
command.       [be  perceived. 

Im-per-gept'i-ble,  a.   Not  to 

Im-per'fe€t,  a.  Not  perfect ; 
having  some  defect. 

im'per-fe€'tion,  n.  Defect ; 
want ;  blemish.  [ly. 

Im.-per'fe€t-ly,  adv.  Not  ful- 

Im-pe'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
an  empire  or  an  emperor. 

Im-per'il  (8),  v.  t.  To  en- 
danger,       [ing;  arrogant. 

Im-pe'ri-ous,  a.  Command- 

Im-per'ish-a-ble,  a.  Not  lia- 
ble to  perish. 

Im-per/me-a-bil'i-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  not  being  perme- 
able. 

Im-per'me-a-ble,  a.  Incapa- 
ble of  being  passed  through. 

Im-per'son-al,  a.  Not  varied 
according  to  the  persons. 

Im-per'son-ate,  v.t.  To  per- 
sonify,    [vance ;  rudeness. 

Im-per'ti-nenge,  n.  Irrele- 

Im-per'ti-nent,  a.  Irrele- 
vant ;  rude  :  uncivil. 

Im-per'ti-nent-ly,  adv.  Offi- 
ciously. 

Im^per-tur'ba-ble,  a.  Not  to 

be  disturbed. 
Im-per'vi-ous,  a.    Not  to  be 

penetrated. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  took  •,  iirn,  rjje,  pyU ;  9,     soft ;     g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  ij  as  ng ;  tliis. 


IMPETUOSITY 


138 


IMPUDENCE 


Im-pet^u-Ss'i-ty,  w.  Violence; 
vehemence.  [passionate. 

Jm-pet'u-ous,  a.  Vehement ; 

Im'pe-tus,  n.  Force  of  mo- 
tion ;  momentum. 

Im-pi'e-ty,  ti.  Ungodliness. 

Im-pmge',  v.  t.  To  dash 
ligainst. 

im'pi-ous,  a.  Irreverent  to- 
ward God ;  profane. 

Im-pla^-ca-bii'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  implacable. 

Iin-pla'€a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
appeased  ;  inexorable  ;  unre- 
lenting. 

Iin-pla'€a-bly,  adv.  AVith  un- 
appeasable enmity,  [infix. 

Im-plant',  v.t.  To  insert ;  to 

Im-plead',  v.  t.  To  sue  at  law. 

Im'ple-ment,  n.  A  tool  or 
instrument ;  utensil. 

Im'pli-€ate,  v.  t.  To  involve. 

lm''pli-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
volving ;  entanglement ;  in- 
ference. 

im'pli-ea''tive,  a.  Tending 
to  implicate.  [plied. 

Im-pliQ'it,  a.     Tacitly  im- 

Im-pliQ'it-ly,  adv.  By  infer- 
ence ;  unreservedly. 

Im-plore',  v.t.  To  call  upon 
in  supplication  ;  to  beseech. 

Im-ply',  V.  t.  To  contain  by 
inference  ;  to  include  vir- 
tually ;  to  signify  ;  to  mean. 

Im-p6i'i-gy,  n.  Inexpedience. 

Im^'po-iite',  a.  Not  having 
politeness  ;  uncivil  ;  rude. 

Im'po-lite'ness,  n.  Want  of 
mannei'S  ;  incivility. 

Im-p61'i-ti€,  a.  Not  wise. 

Im-p6n'der-a-ble,  1  a.  Ilav- 

Iin-p6n'der-ous,  )  ing  no 
sensible  weight. 

Iin-p5rt',  V.  t.  To  bring  in 
from  abroad  or  from  an- 
other country. 

Im'port,  n.  Thing  imported  ; 
signification  ;  moment. 

Im-p6rt'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  imported. 

Im-por'tange,  n.  Weight ; 
consequence,  [momentous. 

Jm-p6r'tant,   a.    Weighty ; 

Im^por-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
importing ;  commodities  im- 
ported, [urgent. 

Im-p6rt'u-nate,  a.  Pressing ; 


Im/por-tune',  v.  t.  To  urge. 

im/por-tu'ni-ty,n.  Urgency. 

Im-po§e',  V.  t.  To  put  or  lay 
on  ;  to  deceive. 

Im-pog'ing,  p.  a.  Impress- 
ive ;  commanding. 

im^po-si'tion  (-zish^un),  n. 
Act  of  laying  on  ;  deception. 

Im-pds^si-bil'i-ty,  n.  That 
which  can  not  be. 

Im-p6s'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
or  to  be  done. 

Im'post,  n.  Duty  on 
goods  ;  part  of  a  pil- 
lar on  which  the 
weight  of  an  arch  or 
building  rests. 

Im-p6st'hume,n.  An 
abscess.  Impost. 

Im-p6s'tor,  n.    A  deceiver. 

Im-p6st'ure,  n.  Deception. 

Im'po-tenge,    (  n.  Weak- 

im'po-ten-Qy,  )  ness  ;  im- 
becility. 

Im'po-tent,  a.  Weak  ;  want- 
ing competent  power. 

Im'po-tent-ly,  adv.  Weakly. 

Im-pound',  v.  t.  To  confine 
in  a  pound.       [make  poor. 

Im-p6v'er-ish,   v.   t.  To 

Iin-p6v'er-ish-ment,  n.  Re- 
duction to  poverty  j  exhaust- 
ion. 

Iin-pr^<;/ti-€a-bil'i-ty,  n. 
State  of  being  impractica- 
ble. 

Iin-prac'ti-€a-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  done ;  impos- 
sible. 

Im'pre-eate,  v.t.  To  invoke, 
as  evil,  on  any  one. 

im/pre-€a'tion,  n.  Invoca- 
tion of  evil.  —  Syn.  Curse  ; 
execration ;  anathema. 

Im-preg'na-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  taken  ;  invincible. 

Im-preg'nate,  v.  t.  To  make 
pregnant;  to  infuse. 

Im^preg-na'tion,  w.  The  act 
of  impregnating. 

Im^pre-s^ript'i-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  lost,  impaired,  or 
alienated  ;  not  depending  on 
external  authority. 

Im-press',  v.  t.  To  stamp  ; 
to  print ;  to  force  into  ser- 
vice, as  seamen. 

im'press,  n.    Mark  ;  stamp. 


Im-press'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
receiving  impression. 

Im-pres'sion  (-presh^un),  n, 
Stamp  ;  edition ;  influence  ; 
effect. 

Im-press'ive,  a.  Producing 

eflect ;  susceptible. 
Im-press'ment,  n.    The  act 

of  forcing  men  into  service. 
Im-pri'mis,  adv.  In  the  first 

place. 

Im-print',  v.  t.  To  mark  by 
pressure  ;  to  fix  deep. 

Im'print,  n.  A  publisher's 
name  with  date  and  place  of 
publication. 

Im-pri§'on  (-priz/n),  v.  t  To 
put  in  a  prison  ;  to  confine. 

Im-pris'on-ment,  n.  Con- 
finement in  a  prison. 

Im-prdb^a-bil'l-ty,  n.  Un- 
likelihood. 

Im-pr6b'a-ble,  a.  Not  likely. 

Im-pr6b'a-bly,  adv.  In  a 
manner  not  likely. 

Im-prob'i-ty,  n.  Dishonesty. 

Im-promp'tu,  adv.  Without 
previous  study  ;  off-hand. 

Im-pr6p'er,  a.  Not  proper; 
unfit ;  unsuitable. 

Im-prdp'er-ly,  adv.  Unsuit- 
ably ;  not  fitly. 

im^pro-prPe-ty,  n.  Unfit- 
ness ;  unsuitableness  to 
time,  place,  or  character. 

Im-prpv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  improved. 

Im-prpve',  v.  t.  To  make 
better ;  to  nse  to  advantage. 
—  V.  i.    To  grow  better. 

Im-prpve'ment(10),M.  Prog- 
ress from  good  to  better  ; 
instruction ;  (pi.)  valuable 
additions.  [foresight. 

Iin-pr6v'i-denge,  n.  Want  of 

Im-prdv'i-dent,  a.  Not  mak- 
ing provision. 

Im-pr6v/i-sa'tion,  n.  Ex- 
temporaneous composition, 

im'pro-vi§e',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
compose  extemporaneously. 

Im-pru'denge,  n.  Want  of 
prudence  ;  rashness. 

Im-pru'dent.  a.  Indiscreet. 

Im-prii'dent-ly,  adv.  In- 
discreetly. 

Im'pu-denge,  n.  Effrontery ; 
rudeness. 


a, e,  1,  o, u, y,  long;     6, 1,  6, Q, y,  short;  cSre, car,  &8k,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ; pique,  firm ; 


IMPUDENT 


139 


INCISOR 


Im'pu-dent,   a.      Wanting  [ 
modesty  ;  shamelessly  bold.  I 
im'pu-dent-ly,  adv.  With 
shameless  elfrontery  ;  rude-  j 
ly.  [contradict. 
Im-pugn'  (-pun/),  v.  t.  To 
Im'pulse,  n.    I'orce  commu- 
nicated ;  influence. 
Im-pul'sion,n.  Act  of  impel- 
ling ;  force  communicated. 
Im-pul'sive ,  a.  Communi- 
i      eating  force ;  acting  from 
;  impulse. 

Im-pu'ni-ty,  «.  Exemption 

from  punishment. 
Im-pure',  a.  Not  pure  ;  foul ; 

unholy  ;  unchaste ;  lewd. 
Im-pu'ri-ty,  n.  Foulness. 
Im'pu-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 

imputing;  censure. 
Im-pute',  1'.  t.    To  charge 

upon ;  to  attribute. 
In,  ^rej).   Present ;  within.  — 

adv.    Within  some  place. 
ln/a-bil'i-ty,n.  Want  of  pow- 
er, means,  skill,  &c. 
;   In/a€-Qes/si-bil'i-ty ,  n .  Qual- 

^  ity  of  being  beyond  reach, 
i    in'a^-QSss'i-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
reached.  [accuracy. 
I    In-S,€'-r,u-ra-Qy,  n.   AVant  of 
'    In-^€'€U-rate,  a.  Erroneous. 
;    In-a€'€u-rate-ly,  adv.  Not 
correctly  ;  erroneously. 
In-5,€'tion,  n.    Want  of  ac- 
tion ;  state  of  rest ;  idleness. 
[    In-a€t'jve,  a.  Unemployed  ; 
j      idle  ;  sluggish  ;  lazy. 
1    In''a€-tiv'i-ty,  n.   Want  of 
activity  ;  idleness,  [ciency. 
1    In-S-d'e-^gua-Qy,  n.  Insuffi- 
In-M'e-quate,  a.   Not  equal 
I       to  the  purpose.  — Syn.  Un- 
j       equal ;  incompetent ;  insuffi- 
cient ;  defective. 
In^ad-mig'si-ble,    a.  Not 
.    ^  proper  to  be  admitted, 
i    In'ad-vert'enQC,  n.  Negli- 
.    ^  gence  ;  oversight. 

In/ad-vert'ent,  a.  Heedless. 
I  In/ad-vert'ent-ly,  adu.  With 
j  negligence. 

j    In-al'ien-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
!       of  bein^  alienated. 
In-ane',  a.  Void ;  empty. 
In-an'i-mate,  a.  Void  of  life. 
In^a-ni'tion    (-nish/un),  n. 
Want  of  fullness  ;  empti- 


ness ;  exhaustion  from  lack 
of  food. 

In-an'i-ty,  n.  Emptiness. 

In-ap'pli-€a-bil'i-ty,  \  n. 

In-ap'pli-ea-ble-ness, ) 
Quality  of  not  being  appli- 
cable. 

In-ap'pli-ea-ble,  a.  Not  suit- 
able to  be  applied  ;  unfit. 

In-ap'po-§ite,  a.  Not  appo- 
site. 

In^ap-pre'^i-a-ble  (-pr3/shT- 
a  ),  a.  Not  to  be  estimated. 

in/ap-pro'pri-ate,  a.  Unbe- 
coming ;  unsuitable. 

In-apt',  a.  Not  fitted. 

In-3,pt'i-tude,  n.  Unfitness. 

In-arch',  v.  t.  To  graft  by 
joining  a  scion  to  a  stock 
without  separating  it  from 
its  parent  tree. 

in'ar-ti-e'u-late,  a.  Not  ut- 
tered with  articulation. 

In-ar'ti-fi'cial  (-llsh/al),  a. 
Not  done  by  art. 

in/a§-much',  adv.  Seeing 
that ;  since. 

In/at-tfin'tion,  n.  Neglect. 

In''at-ten'tive,  a.  Heedless. 

In-aud'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  heard  ;  making  no 
sound.  [inauguration. 

In-au'gu-ral,  a.    llelating  to 

In-au'gu-rate,  v.  t.  To  in- 
duct into  an  office  ;  to  cause 
to  begin  ;  to  dedicate. 

In-au^gu-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
inducting  into  office  with 
appropriate  ceremonies. 

in^au-spi'cious  (-sp!sh/us), 
a.  Unfortunate  ;  unfavor- 
ably. 

In'born,  a.  Implanted  by 
nature  ;  innate. 

In'bred,  «.  Bred  within. 

In-€age',  V.  t.  To  confine  in 
a  ca'ge.  [calculated. 

In-eaF€vi-la-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

In/-eaj;i-des'genQe,  n.  A  white 
heat.  [with  heat. 

Tn/€ai\-d6s'Qent,  a.  Glowing 

in/€an-ta'tion,  n.  A  magical 
charm  ;  enchantment. 

In-ca'pa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Inca- 
pacity j  want  of  qualifica- 
tions, 

In-ca'pa-ble,  a.  Wanting 
power ;  disqualified. 


In'€a-paQ'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  de- 
prive of  power. 

In/-ea-p3,g'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
capacity  ;  inability. 

In-ear'ger-ate,  v.  t.  To  im- 
prison. 

In-car^ger-a'tion,  n.  Im- 
prisonment, [flesh. 
In-€ar'natc,  a.  Clothed  in 
In^-car-na'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
clothing  with  flesh,  [case. 
In-€ase',  v.  t.  To  inclo.se  in  a 
In-eau'tious,  a.     Unwary  ; 

heedless.  [lessly. 
In-cau'tious-ly,  adv.  Heed- 
In-gen'di-a-ri§m,  n.  Crime 

of  house-burning. 
In-gen'di-a-ry,  n.    One  who 
maliciously  burns  a  house 
or  foments  strife. 
In'gense,  n.      Perfume  ex- 
haled by  fire. 
In-gense',  v.  t.  To  irritate. 
In-g6n'tive,  a.  Inciting  ;  en- 
couraging.—  n.  That  which 
encourages. 
In-g6p'tion,  n.  A  beginning. 
In-gep'tive,  a.  Beginning. 
In-ger'ti-tude,  n.  Uncertain- 
ty ;  doubtfulness. 
I  In-g§s'sant,  a.  Unceasing, 
i  In-ges'sant-ly,  adv.  With- 
i  ^  out  intermission. 
1  in'gest,  n.    Cohabitation  of 
j     persons  within  the  prohib- 
I     ited  degrees  of  kindred. 
In-g6st'u-ous,  a.  Consisting 

in,  or  guilty  of,  incest. 
Inch  (18),  n.    Twelfth  part  of 

a  foot. 
In'€ho-ate,  a.  Begun. 
In'gi-denge,  n.  The  direction 
in  which  a  ray  of  light  falls 
on  any  surface, 
in'gi-dent,  a.   Falling  on  ; 
casual;  liable  to  happen.  — 
n.    That  which  happens, 
in^gi-dent'al,  a.  Happening 
occasionally.  [ually. 
In/gi-dent^al-ly,  adv.  Cas- 
In-gm'er-ate,  v.  t.    To  burn 

to  ashes. 
In-gip'i-en-gy,  n.  Beginning 
In-gip'i-ent,a.  Commencing. 
In-gis'ion  (-sTzh^un),  n.  A 

cutl  a  gash  ;  a  wound. 
In-gi'sive,  a.  Cutting. 
In-gi'sor,  n.    A  foretooth. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  t(5"o,  tcJbk  ;  ^rn,  rjje,  pyll ;  p,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard;  as  ;  epst ;  o  as  ng ;  thig. 


INCISURE 


140 


INCREDIBILITY 


In  Qis'ure  (-slzh/ur),  n.  A 
cat?  _ 

In/Qi-ta'tion,  n.  Incentive. 

In-c,ite',  V.  t.  To  move  or 
rouse  to  action. 

In-gite'inent  (10),  n.  That 
which  moves  tiie  mind  ;  mo- 
tive ;  inciting  cause. 

in^ci-vil'i-ty,  n.  AVant  of  ci- 
vility ;  disrespect ;  rudeness. 

In-oiem'en-gy,  n.  Severity. 

In-elem'ent,  a.  Severe,  as 
applied  to  weather.  —  Syn. 
Rough  ;  stormy  ;  boisterous. 

In^'-eli-na'tion,  n.  A  leaning  ; 
tendency ;  disposition. 

In-elme',  v.  t.  or  r.  To  lean  ; 
to  bend  ;  to  feel  disposed.  — 
Jnrlined  plane,  ^ 
a  sloping  plane;  ^.^^^i^^^"^ 
one  of  tiie  me-  ^'^^^ 

clianical    pow-  '  ^ 

crs.  Inclined 

In-<il6§e'     (28),  P^^"®* 
r.  t.    To  surround. 

In-el6§'Tlre  (-klo^zhijr),  n.  A 
place  inclosed. 

In-€lude',  r.  t.  To  compre- 
hend ;  to  comprise.  [iiio- 

In-clu'sion,  Actofinclud- 

In-elu'sive,  a.  Comprehend- 
iug ;  inclosing.  [include. 

In-€lu'sive-ly,  adv.  So  as  to 

In-c5:j',         I  adv.    In  dis- 

In-c6:j'ni-to,  j  guise  ;  in 
private. 

In-eS^'ni-to,  a.  Unknown  ;  in 
a  disguise.  —  n.  One  in 
disguise  ;  state  of  being  in 
disguise. 

In^-co-her'ence,  )  n.  Want 

In''€0-her'en-Qy,  j  of  con- 
nection, [nected. 

In^^o-her'ent,  a.    Not  con- 

in^-eom-bus'ti-bil'i-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  being  incombus- 
tible. 

in/-com-bus'ti-ble,  a.  Not 
capable  of  being  burned. 

Tn'come,  n.    Rent ;  revenue. 

Tn''-com-men'su-rate,  ) 

In^-com-men'su-ra-ble,  ) 
(-men/shij-),  a.  Not  of 
equal  extent. 

In^-eom-mode',  v.t-  To  give 
inconvenience  to. 

In^-eom-mo'cli-cus,  a.  Incon- 
venient ;  unsuitable. 


In'-eom-mu'iil-ca-ble,  a.  Not 

to  be  communicated. 

In-«6m'pa-ra-ble,  a.  Admit- 
ting no  comparison. 

In-eom'pa-ra-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond comparison. 

In^-eom-pas'sion-ate,  a.  Void 
of  pity  ;  hard  ;  cold. 

in^-Com-paVi-bil'l-ty,  n.  Ir- 
reconcilable inconsistency. 

inz-eom-pat'l-ble,  a.  Irrecon- 
cilably inconsistent. 

In-eom'pe-tenge,  )  n.  Ina- 

In-eom'pe-ten-Qy,  ]  bility  ; 
want  of  means  or  of  legal 
power  ;  incapability. 

In-c6m'pe-tent,  a.  Not  com- 
petent ;  improper ;  unfit. 

In^€cm-piete',  a.  Not  fin- 
ished ;  imperfect ;  defective. 

In-eom/pre-hen'si-ble,  a. 
Incapable  of  being  under- 
stood. 

In-€6m/pre-hen'si-blv,  adv. 
So  as  not  to  be  intelligible. 

In-'-eom-prgss'i-ble,  a.  In- 
capable of  being  reduced 
into  a  smaller  compass. 

In^-eon-ceiv'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  conceived. 

in/€on-Qeiv'a-bly,  adv.  Be- 
3  ond  comprehension. 

Inz-eon-elil'sive,  a.  Not  de- 
termining a  question. 

In-c6n'gru-ent,  a.  Incon- 
sistent ;  unsuitable. 

In/-eon-gru'i-ty,  n.  Unsuita- 
bleness ;  inconsistency. 

In-€6n'gru-ous,  a.  Not  con- 
sistent. —  Syn.  Unfit  ;  in- 
appropriate ;  unsuitable. 

In-€6n'se-quent,  a.  Without 
regular  inference. 

In/€on-sid'er-a-ble,  a.  Of 
small  amount  or  impor- 
tance ;  trifling. 

In/€on-sid'cr-ate,  a.  Heed- 
less; careless;  thoughtless. 

in/^on-sid'er-ate-ly,  adv. 
Without  thought. 

In'-eon-sid/er-a'tion,  n. 
Want  of  consideration. 

In-'con-sist'en-gy,  n.  Want 
of  agreement;  incongruity. 

In^-con-sist'ent,  a.  Incon- 
gruous ;  unsuitable. 

In'-eon-sist'ent-ly,  adv.  In- 
I  congruously. 


in'-con-sol'a-ble,  a.  Not  ad- 
mitting comfort.  [ness. 

In-eon'stan-gy,  n.  Pickle- 

In-€6n'stant,  a.  Subject  to 
change  of  opinion  or  pur- 
pose ;  not  uniform ;  varia- 
ble ;  fickle. 

In/€on-test'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  contested  or  disputed. 

in^-con-test'a-bly,  at/r.  Be- 
yond dispute.  [tity. 

Inv-eon'ti-nenge,  n.  Unchas- 

In-€6n'ti-nent,  a.  Unchaste; 
licentious. 

In-€6n'ti-nent-ly ,  ad  v . 
Without  self-control  i  im- 
mediately. 

In-eon/tro-vert'i-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  controverted. 

In-eon'tro-vert'i-bly,  adv. 
Beyonddispute. 

In/€on-ven'ienge,  n.  AYant 
of  convenience;  trouble. 

in/-eon-ven'ient  (-vGn^yent), 
a.  Incommodious ;  unfit ; 
troublesome. 

In-eor'po-ral,    )  a.  Not  con- 

in^-eor-p5're-al,  j  sisting  of 
matter  ;  not  material. 

In-e6r'po-rate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
form  into  a  body  ;  to  vmite. 

In-eor^po-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
incorporating. 

In-'-eor-rect',  a.  Inaccurate  ; 
containing  faults, 

In-c6r'ri-gi-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  corrected. 

In-e6r'ri-gi-ble-ness,  «. 
Quality  of  being  incorrigi- 
ble. 

In-eor'ri-gi-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond hope  of  amendment. 

In^-eor-rupt',  a.  Free  from 
corruption  ;  lionest ;  pure. 

In^-eor-rupt^i-biPi-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  being  incorrupti. 
ble.  [be  corrupted 

Xn^-cor-riipt'i-ble,  a.    Not  (< 

In'-cor-rup'tion,  n.  Exemp 
tion  from  decay.  [thick. 

In-cr5,s'sate,  v.  t.    To  make 

In-crease',  v.  i.  To  grow.  — 
V.  t.    To  cause  to  prow. 

In-erease',  or  In'-ereasc,  n- 
Augmentation  ;  produce ; 
growth. 

In-cred-'i-bil'l-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  incredible. 


k,  e,  1,  5,  a,  y,  Ions ;  it,  (3,  T,  o,  tt,  5^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ore,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


INCREDIBLE 


141 


INDIllECT 


In-ered'i-ble,  a.  Impossible 
to  be  believed. 

In-€red'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not 
to  deserve  belief. 

In^^re-du'li-ty,  n.  Indisposi- 
tion to  believe.  [lieving. 

Jn-ered'u-lous,  a.    Not  be- 

In'€re-ment,  n.  Increase, 

In-€rust',t'.  To  cover  with 
a  crust  or  hard  coat, 

In^-erus-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
incruSjting ;  a  hard  coat. 

in'-eu-bate,  t*.  i.  To  sit  on, 
as  eggs.  [ting  on  eggs. 

in'-cu-ba'tion,  n.   Act  of  sit- 

ln'€U-bus,  n.  Tlie  nightmare. 

In-cul'-eate,  f.  To  enforce 
or  urge.  [culcating. 

In/€ul-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 

In-eiil'pa-ble,  a.  Not  blam- 
able  ;  without  fault. 

In-€ul'pate,  v.  t.  To  cen- 
sure ;  to  accuse  of  crime. 

In-eum'bent,  n.  One  who 
has  a  benefice  or  an  ofiice. 
—  aJ  Imposed  as  a  duty  ; 
lying  upon,  [densome  load. 

In-eum'branQe,  n.   A  bur- 

In-cui;'(')>  To  become 

liabljB  to.    [being  incurable. 

In-cu^/a-bil'l-ty,  n.  State  of 

In-eui^'a-ble  (11),  a.  Inca- 
pably of  being  cured.  —  n. 
A  patient  who  is  not  to  be 
cured.  [be  incurable. 

In-eur'a-bly,  adv.    So  as  to 

In-eu'ri^iis,  a.  Having  no 
curiosity. 

In-cur'sidji,  n.  An  inroad; 
invasion.  [crooked. 

In-<5urv'ate,  v.  t.    To  make 

Tn-curv'ate,  a.  Bent  or 
curved  inward  or  npward. 

In/€ur-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
bending  ;  crookedness. 

In-eurve',  v.  t.    To  bend. 

In-eiirv'i-ty,  n.  A  bent  state. 

In-debt'ed  (-det/ed),  a.  Be- 
ing in  debt. 

In-debVed-ness  (-det^ed-),  n. 
State  of  being  in  debt. 

In-de'gen-Qy,  n.  That  which 
is  unbecoming  in  manner  or 
language  ;  immodesty. 

In-de'gent.  a.  Offensive  to 
delicacy ;  immodest. 

In-de'qent-ly,  adv.  So  as  to 
offend  delicacy. 


In/de-Qi'pher-a-ble,  a.  Im- 
possible to  be  deciphered. 

In^de-gig'ion  (-sizh/un),  n. 
Want  of  decision. 

InMe-gPsive,  a.  Not  decisive. 

In'de-€lm'a-ble,  n.  Not  va- 
ried in  t<jrmination.. 

in^de-eo'rous,  or  In-de^'jO- 
rous,  cL  A'iolating  good 
manners.  —  Syn.  Unbecom- 
ing ;  inaecent  ;  uncivil. 

in/de-co^rum,  n.  Impropri- 
ety of  conduct ;  rudeness ; 
impoliteness.  [truth. 

In-deed',  adv.    In  fact ;  in 

InMe-f^t'i-ga-ble,  a.  Not 
yielding  to  fatigue. 

in^de-fat'i-ga-bly,  adv. 
\Vithout  weariness. 

In^de-fea'gl-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  defeati  d. 

In'de-fe€t'i-ble,  a.  Not  lia- 
ble to  defect  or  failure. 

In/de-fen'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
defended. 

In-def'i-nite,  a.  Not  precise. 

In-def'i-nite-ly,  adv.  With- 
out limitation. 

In-del'i-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
blotted  out. 

In-del'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not 
to  be  effaced.  [delicacy. 

In-del'i-ea-Qy,  n.    Want  of 

In-del'i-eate,  a.  Offensive  to 
purity  ;  indecent. 

In-dem/ni-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Re- 
imbursement of  loss. 

In-dem'ni-fy,r.  t.  To  secure 
against  loss  ;  to  make  good. 

In-dem'ni-ty,  n.  Security 
against  loss  or  penalty. 

In-dent',  v.  t.  To  notch  ;  to 
bind  to  service. — it.  A 
notch  in  the  margin. 

in^den-ta'tion,  n.  A  cut; 
a  notch. 

In-dent'iire,  n.  A  mutual 
agreem.ent  in  writing. 

InMe-pend'enge,  n.  Exemp- 
tion from  control. 

in^de-pend'ent,  a.  Not  re- 
h  ing  on  others  ;  not  sub- 
ject to  control.  —  n.  One  of 
a  church  complete  in  itself. 

in/de-pgnd'ent-ly,  adv. 
Without  dependence. 

In^de-s-erib'a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  described. 


In^de-struc'ti-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  destroyed. 

in^'de-ter'mi-na-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  determined. 

In/de-ter'mi-nate,  a.  Indefi- 
nite, 

Jn'de-vout',  a.^Not  devout. 

In/dex,  (///.  In'd6x-e§,  or 
in'di-ges,  25.)  Something 
that  points  ;  table  of  con- 
tents. 

in'dia-man  (ind'ya-  orm'(x\- 
a-),  n.  A  large  ship  in  the 
India  trade. 

In'dian  (Indian  or  Yn/dl-an), 
a.  Relating  to  the  Indies,  or 
to  the  aborigines  of  America. 
—  7?.  A  native  of  the  Indies; 
an  aboriginal  American. 

in^dia-rub'ber  (ind^a-  or 
in'di-a-),  7J.  Caoutchouc. 

Tn'di-eate,  v.  t.   To  i-how. 

In^di-ea'ticn,  w.  Any  thing 
indicative;  token.  [out. 

In-di-e'a-tive,  a.  Pointing 

In'di-ca'tcr,  n.  lie  who,  or 
that  which,  shows. 

In-dict'  (in-ditM,  r.  t.  To 
present  for  judicial  trial. 

In-dict'a-ble  (-dTt'a-bl),  a. 
Subject  to  indictnient. 
I  In-dlct'ment  (dTt/-),  n.  Ac- 
;     cusation  by  a  grand  jury. 

In-di€'ticn,  n.  Tcclaration  ; 
j  a  cycle  of  fifteen  a  ears. 
,  In-dif  fer-ence,  n.  Impar- 
I  tiality  ;  uncbncernedness. 
;  In-dif'fer-ent,  a.  Of  no  ac- 
count ;  impartial ;  passable  ; 
tolerable.  [ably. 

Jn-dif 'fer-ent-Iy,  adv.  Toler- 

In'di-gcrige,  n.  State  of  des- 
titution ;  poverty. 

In-dig'e-ncus,  a.  Native  to 
a  countrj'. 

Tn'di-gent,  a.  Needy  ;  poor. 

in^di-gest'i-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  digested. 

in^di-ges'ticn  (-jest/yun).  n. 
Want  of  digestive  powers. 

In-dig'nant,  n.  Inflamed 
with  anger,  [with  contenipt. 

In^dig-r.p/tion,  n.  Anger 

In-dig'ni-ty,  n.  Insult ;  con- 
temptuous conduct. 

In'di-go,  n.  A  blue  coloring 
matter.  [dishonest. 

In^di-re-Ct',  a.    Not  direct; 


B911,  or,  dQ,  w61f,  t(5b,  took  ;  xlrn,  rije,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  a  as  ng  ;  this. 


INDIRECT 


142 


INEXPEDIENT 


In^di-re^t',  a.    Not  direct; 

dishonesty 
In^di-re-e'tion,  n.  Oblique 
course  or  means.  [ly. 
In^di-re^t'ly,  adv.  Notdirect- 
In'dis-cern'i-ble  (-diz- 
^  zZvn'-),  a.    Not  to  be  seen. 
In^dis-ereet',  a.  Injudicious, 
la^dis-cre'tion  (-kresh^un), 
^  n.  Imprudence ;  folly, 
in/dis-erim'i-nate,  a.  Not 
^  making  a  distinction. 
in'dis-€rim'i-nate-ly,  adv. 

Without  distinction. 
In'dis-enm^i-na'tion,  n. 

Want  of  distinction, 
in^dis-pen'sa-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  dispensed  with  ;  neces- 
sary. 

In'dis-pen'sa-bly,  adv. 
Necessarily.  [cline. 

In^dis-poge',  v.  t.    To  disin- 

In-dis/po-si'tion  (-zTsh^un), 
n.  Disinclination ;  sickness. 

In-dis'pu-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  controverted. 

In-dis'pu-ta-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond question. 

In-dis'so-lu-ble,  a.  Not  ca- 
pable of  being  melted  ;  bind- 
ing,     [not  to  be  dissolved. 

In-dis'so-lu-bly,  adv.    So  as 

In/di§-s61v'a-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable'of  being  dissolved. 

In^dis-poged',  a.  Somewhat 

^  ill  :  disincUued.  [obscure. 

Jn^dis-tin^t',  a.    Confused  ; 

In/dis-tin€t'ly,  adv.  Not 
clearly  ;  obscurely. 

in'dis-tinct'ness,  n.  Want 
of  distinctness  or  clearness. 

in^dis-tin'guish-a-ble,  a. 
Not  to  be  distinguished. 

In-dite',  v.  t.  To  compose  in 
writing ;  to  dictate. 

In/di-vid'u-al,  a.  Single  ;  nu- 
merically one.  —  n.  A 
single  person  or  thing. 

in/di-vid/u-3,l'i-ty,  n.  Sepa- 
rate existence. 

In/di-vid'u-al-ly,  adv.  Sin- 
gly, [of  division. 

In^di-vis'i-ble,  a.  Incjipable 

In-dog'ile,  a.  Dull ;  intract- 
able, [intellect. 

In^do-gil'i-ty,  n.  Dullness  of 

In-d6€'tri-nate,  v.  t.  To  in- 
struct in  principles. 


in'do-lenQe,  n.  Habitual 
idleness  ;  sloth. 

in'do-lent,  a.  Habitually 
idle ;  slothful.  [querable. 

In-dom'i-ta-ble,  a.  Uncon- 

In-dorse',  v.  t.  To  write,  as 
one's  name,  on  the  back  ;  to 
assign  by  indorsement. 

In^dor-see',  n.  One  to  whom 
a  note  is  indorsed. 

In-dors'er,  n.  One  who  in- 
dorses a  note  or  bill. 

In-dorse'ment,  n.  A  writing 
of  one's  name  on  the  back 
of  a  note. 

In-du'bi-ta-ble,a.  Admitting 
no  doubt;  perfectly  certain. 

In-du'bi-ta-bly,  adv.  Cer- 
tainly, [suasion. 

In-duQe',  V.  t.  To  lead  by  per- 

In-duQe'ment,  n.  Any  thing 
which  induces.  [session. 

In-du€t',  V.  t.  To  put  in  pos- 

In-du€'tion,  n.  Introduc- 
tion; inference  or  conclu- 
sion, [inference. 

In-du€t'ive,  a.    Leading  to 

In-dii€t'ive-ly,  adv.  By  in- 
duction or  inference. 

In-due',  V.  t.  To  invest ;  to 
clothe ;  to  furnish. 

In-dulge',  V.  t.  To  gratify  ;  to 
humor;  to  permit  to  enjoy. 

In-dul'genge,  n.  Forbear- 
ance of  restraint,  [wishes. 

In-dul'gent,  a.    Yielding  to 

In'du-rate,  v.  i.  ov  t.  To 
harden.  [hardening. 

in-'du-ra'tion,   n.     Act  of 

In-dus'tri-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  consisting  in,  industry. 

In-dus'tri-oiis,  a.  Habitual- 
ly diligent;  assiduous. 

In-dus'tri-oiis-ly,  adv.  Dili- 
gently,   [igence ;  assiduity. 

Tn'dus-try,  n.    Constant  dil- 

In'dwell-ing,  a.  Residing 
within.  [drunk. 

In-e'bri-ate,  v.  t.   To  make 

In-e'bri-ate,  n.  An  habitual 
drunkard ;  a  sot. 

In-e'bri-a'tion,  I  n.  Drunk- 

in'e-bri'e-ty,  j  enness  ;  in- 
toxication. 

In-ed'it-ed,a.  Unpublished. 

In-6f' fa-ble,  a.  Not  to  be  ex- 
pressed ;  unspeakable,  [ibly. 

In-6f' fa-bly,  adv.  Inexpress- 


In^ef-f age'a-ble  (11 ) ,  a.  Not 
to  be  effaced . 

in/ef-fe€t'ive,  a.  Producing 
no  effect ;  useless. 

in^ef-fe^fu-al,  a.  Not  pro- 
ducing the  proper  elTect. 

In-ef^fi-ea'cioiis,  a.  Not  pro- 
ducing effect. 

In-ef'fi-€a-Qy,  n.  Want  of 
power  to  produce  the  desired 
or  proper  effect. 

In^ef-fi'den-Qy  (-fish/en-), 
n.  Want  of  power  to  pro- 
duce the  effect. 

In/ef-fi'cient  (-fWent),  a. 
Effecting  nothing. 

In-ePe-gange,  n.  Want  of 
elegance.  [gance. 

In-el'e-gant,  a.  Wanting  ele- 

In-eVi-gi-bil'i-ty,  n.  Inca- 
pacity of  being  elected  to 
office. 

In-el'i-gi-ble,  a.  Not  capable 
of  being  elected  to  office; 
not  worthy  to  be  chosen. 

In''e-qual'i-ty  (-kwoP-),  n. 
Want  of  equality. 

In-eq'ui-ta-ble  (-ek^w?-),  a. 
Not  equitable  ;  not  just. 

In-ert',  a.  Sluggish  ;  inact- 
ive; slothful;  dull. 

In-er'ti-a(-er/shT-a),n.  That 
property  of  matter  by  which 
it  tends  when  at  rest  to  re- 
main so,  and  when  in  motion 
to  continue  in  motion. 

In-ert'ness,  n.  QuaHty  of 
being  inert. 

In-es'ti-ma-ble,  a.  Above 
price ;  invaluable. 

In-ev'i-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
avoided ;  unavoidable. 

In-6v'i-ta-bly,  adv.  Un- 
avoidably. 

In^ex-a€t',  a.  Not  exact ;  in> 

^  correct.  [excused. 

In^ex-eus'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

in^ex-eug'a-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  be  excusable. 

In^ex-haust'i-ble,a.  Not  to 
be  exhausted. 

In-6x'o-ra-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
moved  by  entreaty.  —  Syn 
Inflexible;  unyielding;  re- 
lentless, [of  fitness. 

Tn^ex-pe'di-enQe,  n.  Want 

In''ex-pe'di-ent,a.  Not  fit  or 
suitable. 


a,e,T,o,u,y,;owg-;     6,1,  6,tli 


,  5^,  short ;  care,  car,  ^isk,  ^U,  wh^t ;  Sre,  veil,  t5rm ;  pique,  firm  j 


INEXPERIENCE 


143 


INFUSE 


In'ex-pe'ri-enge,  n.  Want  of 
experience. 

In^ex-pert',  a.  Unskillful. 

In-Sx'pi-a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
no  atonement. 

In-ex'pli-€a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  explained. 

In-ex'pli-ca-bly,  adv.  So  as 

^  not  to  be,  explained. 

In'ex-prgss'i-ble,  a.   Not  to 

^  be  expressed ;  unutterable. 

In/ex-tin'guish-a-ble,rt.  In- 
capable of  being  extin- 
guished ;  unquenchable. 

In-ex'tri-ea-ble,a.  Not  to  be 
extricated  or  disentangled. 

In-faiai-bil'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  incapable 
of  error. 

In-fai'li-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
error  or  mistake. 

Jn-fal'li-bly,  adv.  Certainly. 

In'fa-raous,  a.  Notoriously 

^  bad;  detestable.  [vilely. 

In'fa-mous-ly,  adv.  Most 

|n'fa-my,  n.  Public  disgrace. 

In'fan-gy,  n.  The  first  part 
of  life ;  the  beginning. 

In'fant,  n.  A  young  child. 
—  a.   Pertaining  to  infants. 

In-fant'i-Qide,  n.  Murder 

^  or  murderer  of  an  infant. 

In'fant-ile,  or  Jn'fant-ile, ) 

In'fant-ine,orin'fant-me,  j 
a.  Pertaining  to  infants. 

In'fant-ry,  n.   Foot  soldiers. 

In-fat'u-n.te,  v.  t.  To  make 
foolish ;  to  besot. 

In-fat^u-a'tion,  n.  Depriva- 
tion of  reason. 

In-fea'si-ble,  a.  Impossible 
to  be  done. 

In-fe€t',  v.  t.  To  taint  with 
disease. 

In-fe€'tion,n.  Morbid  matter 
that  communicates  disease. 

In-fe-e'tious,  a.  Having  qual- 
ities that  may  communicate 
disease. 

Jn-fS-et'ive,  a.  Infectious. 

In/fe-€und'i-ty,  n.   Barren - 

^  ness;  unfruitfulness. 

In/fe-liQ'i-tous,a.  Not  felici- 
tous; unhappy. 

In^fe-liQ'i-ty,  n.  TJnhappi- 
ness ;  unfortunate  state. 

In-fer'  (7),  v.  %.  To  deduce 
as  a  fact  or  consequence.  | 


In-fer'a-ble,  j  a.  Capable  of 
In-fer'ri-ble,  /  being  inferred. 

in'fer-enge,  n.  Deduction 
from  premises. 

in^fer-eii'tial,  n.  Deducible 
by  inferences. 

In-fe'ri-or,  a.  Lower  in  age  or 
place  or  value.  —  n.  One 
who  is  lower  in  age  or  place. 

In-fe^'ri-or'i-ty,  n.  A  lower 
state  or  condition. 

In-fer'nal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
hell;  hellish. 

In-fer'tile,  a.  Unfruitful. 

in/fer-til'i-ty,  n.  Unfruitful- 
ness ;  barrenness,  [annoy. 

In-fest',  V.  t.  To  disturb  ;  to 

In'fi-del,a.  Not  believing  the 
Scriptures ;  unbelieving.  — 
n.  One  who  rejects  the 
Scriptures  and  Christianity. 

in/fi-dePi-ty,  n.  Disbelief  of 
the  inspiration  of  the  Script- 
ures ;  unfaithfulness. 

In-fiPtrate,  v.  t.  To  enter  by 
the  pores,  [tering  the  pores. 

In^fil-tra'tion,  n.   Act  of  en- 

in'fi-nite,  a.  jBoundlesa ;  im- 
mense, [limit  or  end. 

In'fi-nite-ly,  adv.  Without 

In-fm''i-t6s'i-mal,  a.  In- 
finitely divided. 

In-fin'i-tive,  a.  Expressing 
action  without  limitation  of 
person  or  number. 

In-fin'i-tude,  n.  Infinity. 

In-fm'i-ty,  n.  Unlimited  ex- 
tent or  number. 

In-firm',  a.    Weak  ;  sickly. 

In-firm'a-ry,  n.  A  place  to  i 
lodge  and  nurse  the  sick. 

In-flrm'i-ty,  n.  Weakness ; 
feebleness;  failing. 

In-fix',  V.  t.    To  fix  deep. 

In-flame',  v.  t.  To  set  on  fire ; 
to  provoke ;  to  excite. 

In-flam''ma-biPi-ty,  n.  Sus- 
ceptibility of  taking  fire. 

In-flam'ma-ble,  a.  Easily 

^  set  on  fire. 

In-'flam-ma'tion,  n.  A  set- 
ting on  fire ;  a  redness  and 
swelling,  [ing  inflammation. 

In-flam'ma-to-ry,  a.  Show- i 

In-flate',  v.  t.  To  swell;  to  j 
blow  or  puff  up,  I 

In-fla'tion,  n.  A  swelling  i 
with  wind  or  vanity.  j 


I  In-fle€t',  V.  t.  To  bend ;  to 
vary  ;  to  modulate. 

In-fle€'tion  (27),  n.  A  bend- 
ing ;  variation  of  ending  in 
I  words ;  modulation  of  voice, 
j  In-flex'i-biPi-ty,  n.  Un- 
!     yielding  stiffness ;  obstinacy. 

In-flex'i-ble,  a.  Immovably 
I     stilT.  [ness. 

In-fiex'i-bly,  adv.  With  firm- 

In-fH€t',  V.  t.  To  lay  or  bring 
on ;  to  impose. 

In-fli-c'tion,  n.  Act  of  inflict- 
ing ;  punishment. 

in/flo-res'genQC,  n.  Mode  of 
flowering. 

in'flu-enge,  n.  Moving  or 
directing  power.  —  v.  t.  To 
move  by  moral  power;  to 
persuade;  to  act  upon. 

In^flu-en'tial,  a.  Exerting 
influence  or  power. 

in^flu-en'za,  n.    A  violent 

^  catarrh,  often  epidemic. 

In'flux,  n.  Act  of  flo\\ing  in. 

In-fold',  V.  t.  To  involve ;  to 
inwrap. 

In-form',  v.  t.  To  tell;  to 
acquaint  with  ;  to  animate. 
—  Syn.  To  apprise  ;  teach  ; 
instruct.  —  v.  i.  To  give 
intelligence. 

In-form'al,  a.  Wanting  form ; 
without  ceremony ;  irrcgu- 

^  lar.  [usual  forms. 

In/for-mai'i-ty,  n.   AVant  of 

In-form'al-ly,  adv.  With- 
out the  usual  forms. 

In-form'ant,  n.  One  who 
tells ;  an  informer. 

in/for-ma'tion,  n.  Notice 
given;  intelligence. 

In-form'er,  71.  One  who  tells, 

In-fr^-e'tion,  n.  Breach  ;  vio- 
lation,      [of  being  broken. 

In-f ran'gi-ble ,  a.  Incapable 

In-fre'quen-gy,  n.  Uncom- 
monness ;  rarity. 

In-fre'quent,  a.  Not  usual; 
uncommon;  rare. 

In-frmge',  v.  t.  To  break, 
as  contracts  ;  to  violate. 

In-fringe 'ment,  n.  Yiolation. 

In-fu'ri-ate,  v.  t.  To  enrage. 

In-fu'ri-ate,  a.  Like  a  fury ; 
violently  enraged. 

In-fu§e',  V.  t.  To  pour  in  ;  to 
steep  in  liquor  ;  to  inspire. 


son,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tcTok  ;  tirn,  rye,  pi.ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;     g,  hard;  a§ ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


INFUSIBILITY 


144 


INOPERATIVE 


In-fu/§i-'bil'i-ty,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  poured  in ;  incapa- 
bility of  fusion. 

In-fu'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  infused ;  incapable  of 
being  made  liquid. 

In-fu'sion,  n.  Act  of  pour- 
ing in ;  liquor  made  by  in- 
fusion . 

In-gen'ious  (-jen^yus),  a. 
Possessed  of  genius;  skill- 
ful, [ingenuity. 

In-gen'ioiis-ly,  adv.  With 

In^ge-nu'i-ty,  n.  Ready  in- 
vfintion ;  skill. 

In-gen'u-ous,  a.  Free  from 
reserve  or  dissimulation. — 
Syn.  Open;  frank  ;  candid. 

In-gen'u-oiis-ly,  adv.  Can- 
didly, [dor. 

In-gen'u-ous-ness,  n.  Can- 

In-gl5'ri-oiis,  a.  Bringing  no 
glory ;  disgraceful. 

In'got  (18),  n.  A  bar  or 
■wedge  of  metal. 

In-graft',  v.  t.  To  insert, as  a 
scion,  in  a  stock,  [grafting. 

In-graft'ment,  n.  Act  of  in- 

in'grain,  or  In-grain',  r.  t. 
To  dye  before  manufacture. 

In'grate,  n.  An  ungrateful 
person. 

In-gra'ti-ate  (-gra/shi-),  t. 

To  get  into  favor. 
In-grat'i-tMe,  n.  Want  of  a 

sense  of  favors,    [nent  part. 
In-gre'di-ent,  n.    A  compo- 
in'gress,  n.  Entrance. 
In-gulf,  V.  t.  To  swallow  up 

in  a  gulf. 
In-hab'it,  v.    To  dwell;  to 

live  in  ;  to  abide. 
In-hab'it-a-ble,  a.  Possible 

to  be  inhabited. 
In-hab'it-ant,  n.    A  dweller. 
In-hS,b^it-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

residence.  [haling. 
In-'ha-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
In-hale',  v.  t.  To  draw  into 
^  the  lungs.  [sical. 
In'har-mo'ni-ous, «.  Unmu- 
In-here',  v.  i.  To  be  fixed  in. 
In-her'ence,  n.  Existence  in 

sometliing  else. 
In-her'cnt,  a.    Existing  in 

something  ;  innate. 
In-h§r'it,  v.  t.    To  take  by 

inheritance. 


In-her'it-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  inherited. 

In-her'it-ange,  n.  An  heredi- 
tary estate.  [inherits. 

In-her'it-or,  n.    A  man  who 

In-hib'it,  v.t.  To  restrain  ; 
to  forbid. 

in'hi-bi'tion  (-bish/un),  n. 
Restraint ;  prohibition. 

In-h6s'pi-ta-ble,  a.  Kot  dis- 
posed to  entertain  strangers. 

In-hos^pi-taPi-ty,  n.  Want 
of  hospitality.  [cruel. 

In-hii'man,  a.     Barbarous  ; 

in^hu-man'i-ty,  n.  Barba- 
ity  ;  cruelty.  [rously. 

In-hu'man-ly ,  adv.  Barba- 

in^hu-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
burying. 

In-hume',  v.  t.    To  bury. 

In-im'i-€al,  a.  Unfriendly. 

In-im'i-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
imitated.  [imitation. 

In-im'i-ta-bly,  adv.  Beyond 

In-iq'ui-tous  (-ik/wi-),  a. 
Characterized  by  great  in- 
justice. —  Syn.  Wicked  ; 
nefarious ;  criminal,  [crime. 

In-iq'ui-ty,    n.     Injustice  ; 

In-i'tial  (-islVal),  a.  First.— 
n.  First  letter  of  a  name. 

In-i'ti-ate  (-Ish/I-at),  v.  t.  To 
instruct  in  rudiments  ;  to 
introduce. 

In-Pti-a'tion  (-ish/i-),  n.  In- 
struction in  first  principles. 

In-i'ti-a-tive  )  (-Tsh/T-),  a. 

In-i'ti-a-to-ry  j  Serving  to 
initiate. 

In-je€t%  V.  t.    To  throw  in. 

In-je-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  throw- 

^  ing  in  ;  any  thing  injected. 

In^ju-di'cious  (-dislVus),  a. 

Not  judicious  ;  unwise. 
In-jun-e'tion,  n.    Command ; 
order. 

In'jure,  v.  t.   To  hurt ;  to 

damage  ;  to  harm. 
In-ju'ri-oiis,  a.  Hurtful. 
I  In-ju'ri-oiis-ly,  adv.  Ilurt- 

1  In'ju-ry,  n.  Iliirt ;  detriment. 

In-lius'tige,  ii.  W^aut  of  jus- 
tice ;  wrong.  < 

Ink,  n.  A  liquor  used  in 
"writing  and  printing.  — v.  t. 
To  mark  with  ink. 

ink'ling,  n.    A  hint;  desire. 


Ink'stand,  n.  A  vessel  to 
^"hold  ink. 

ink'y,  n.  Consisting  of,  or 
^"like,  ink. 

in'land,  a.  Far  from  the  sea. 

In-lay',  v.  t.  To  diversify  with 
other  substances.  [bay. 

In'let,   n.     Passage  into  a 

In'ly,  adv.  Internally  ;  secret- 
ly, [the  same  house. 

In'mate,n.  One  who  lives  in 

In'mcst,  a.  Deepest  within. 

Inn  (8),  n.  A  house  of  enter- 
tainment for  travelers. 

In'nate,  or  In-nate',  a.  In- 
born ;  natural. 

In-nav'i-ga-ble,  a.  Impass- 
able by  ships.  [inward. 

Tn'ner,  n.    Interior  ;  further 

in'ner-mcst,  a.  Deepest  or 
furthest  within. 

in'ning,  n.  The  turn  for  using 
the  bat  in  cricket. 

Inn'keep-er,  n.  A  person 
who  keeps  an  inn  or  tavern. 

In'no-genge,  n.  Freedom 
from  guilt;  harmlessness. 

in'no-gent,  a.  Free  from 
guilt ;  pure  ;  harmless. 

In'no-gent-ly,  adv.  Harm, 
lessly. 

Jn-nd^'u-ous,  a.  Harmless. 

in'no-vate,  v.  t.  or  /.  To  in- 
troduce as  a  novelty. 

in^no-va'tion,  w.  Introduc- 
tion of  novelties. 

In'no-va'tor,  n.  One  who 
innovates.  [nocent. 

In-n6x'icus,a.  Harmlej's;  in- 

In/nu-en'do,  n.  {pi.  In^nu- 
6n'dce§,  18.)  A  distant 
hint. 

In-nu'mer-a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  numi)ered. 

In-nu'mer-a-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond number. 

In-6€'u-late,  v.  t.  To  insert, 
as  a  scion,  in  a  stock  ;  to 
communicate,  as  disease,  by 
inserting  infectious  matter. 

In-6€''u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
oculating, [smell. 

In-o'dor-ous,  a.  Destitute  of 

In/of-fen'sive,  a.  Giving  no 
offense. 

In'of-f6n'sive-ly,  adv.  With- 
out offense ;  ^larmlessly. 
In-6p'er-a-tive,  a.  Inactive. 


a,  0, 1,  o,  u,  y,  Ions ;  S,  e,  i,  6,  tt, 5^,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  p "que,  ITrm ; 


INOPPORTUNE 


145 


INSTANTLY 


In-6p^por-tune',  a.  Not  op- 
portune ;  unseasonable. 

In-6p/por-tune'ly,  adv.  Un 
reasonably.  [ate 

In-6r'di-nate,  a.  Immoder- 

In-6r'di-nate-ly,  adv.  Im- 
moderately ;  excessively. 

In/or-gan'i€,  a.  Void  of  or- 
gans ;  unorganized, 

In-6s'€u-late,  v.  t.  To  unite, 
as  a  vein  and  an  artery,  at 
their  extremities. 

In-6s/€u-la'tion,  n.  Union  by 
contact  of  the  two  extremi- 
ties. 

In'quest,  n.  Judicial  inquiry. 

In-qui'e-tude,  n.  A  restless 
state  of  mind  ;  uneasiness. 

In-quire',  v.  t.  To  ask  about ; 
to  seek  by  asking. 

In-quir'er,  n.  One  who  in- 
quires, [quiring. 

In-quir'y  (19),  n.   Act  of  in- 

In''qui-si'tion  (-zish/un),  n. 
Judicial  inquiry  ;  a  court 
for  the  punishment  of  her- 
esy. 

In-qui§'i-tive,  a.  Given  to  in- 
quiry curious,  [curiosity. 

In-qui§'i-tive-ness,  n.  Busy 

In-qui§'i-tor,  n.  A  member 
of  the  inquisition. 

In-qui§/i-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertain- 

^  ing  to  inquisition. 

In'road,  n.     Sudden  inva- 

^  sion ;  incursion. 

In^sa-lu'bri-ous,  a.  Not  salu- 

_  brious  ;  unhealthy. 

IiVsa-lu'bri-ty,  n.  Want  of 
salubrity  ;  unwholegome- 
ness. 

In-sane',  a.      Unsound  in 

mind  ;  crazy  ;  deranged. 
In-san'i-ty,  n.  Derangement 

of  intellect. 
In-sa'ti-a-ble   (-sa'shi-),  a. 

Not  to  be  satisfied. 
In-sa'ti-a-bly  (-sa/shi-),  adv. 

With  greediness  not  to  be 

satisfied.  [satisfied. 
In-sa'ti-ate  (-sa^shi-),  a.  Not 
In-S€ribe',  v.t.  To  write  on. 
In-s€ripaion,  n.  That  which 

is  written  on  something; 

title address. 
In-s€ru/ta-bil'i-ty,    )  n. 
In-s^rii'ta-ble-ness,  )  The 

quality  of  being  inscrutable. 


In-s-cru'ta-ble,  a.  Unsearch- 

^  able  ;  undiscoverable. 

In'se-et,  n.  A  small  animal 
with  six  legs,  and  breathing 
through     tubes  running 

^  through  the  body. 

In/se€-tiv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding 
on  insects. 

in/se-eure',  a.    Unsafe ;  not 

^  confident  of  safety. 

In'se-€u'ri-ty,  n.  Want  of 
safety  ;  danger  ;  hazard. 

In-sen'sate,  a.  Senseless ; 
stupid  ;  foolish. 

In-s6n/si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Want 
of  emotion  or  affection. 

In-s6n'si-ble,  a.  Destitute  of 
feeling ;  imperceptible. 

In-s6n'si-bly,  adv.  Imper- 
ceptibly ;  gradually. 

In-sen'tient,  a.  Not  having 
perception. 

In-s6p'a-ra-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  separated. 

In-sert',  v.  t.  To  bring  into ; 
to  introduce. 

In-ser'tion,  n.  Act  of  insert- 

^  ing  ;  thing  inserted. 

In 'side,  n.  The  inner  part  or 
place.  [sly. 

In-sid'i-ous,  a.    Deceitful  ; 

In'sight  (-sit),  n.  Sight  of 
the  interior  ;  full  knowl- 
edge, [distinction. 

In-sig'ni-a,  n.  pi.  Badges  of  i 

ln^sig-nif'i-€anQe,  n.   Want  i 

^  of  meaning  ;  unimportance.  I 

In^sig-nifi-cant,  a.  Void  of  i 
meaning  ;    without  weight 
of  character.  —  Syn.  Un- 
important ;  trivial  ;  imma- 
terial. 

in^sin-Qere',  a.  Hypocritical ; 
^  false.  [critically. 
Tn^sin-gere'ly,  ad.v.  Ilypo- 
In/sin-ger'i-ty,  n.  Deccitful- 

ness  ;  hypocrisy. 
In-sm'u-ate,  v.  t.    To  creep 

in  ;  to  hint. 
In-sin^u-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

insinuating ;  hint. 
In-sip'id,  a.    Void  of  taste; 
^  vapid. 

In^si-pid'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
taste;  want  of  life  and 
spirit.  [or  urgent. 

In-sist',  v.  i.  To  be  persistent 
In-snare',  v.  t.    To  entrap. 


In'so-brPe-ty,  n.  Intemper- 
ance. 

In'so-lenQe,  n.  Haughtiness 
or  pride  joined  with  con- 

^  tempt ;  audacity. 

In'so-lent,  a.    Haughty  ;  in- 

^  suiting.  [iiy. 

In'so-lent-ly,  ndv.  Haught- 

In-s6Pu-bil'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  insoluble. 

In-s61'u-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  dissolved  in  a  fluid. 

In-s61v'a-ble,n.  Incapable  of 
being  solved  or  explained. 

In-s61v'en-Qy,  n.  Inability  to 
pay  debts.  [debts. 

In-s61v'ent,  a.  Unable  to  pay 

In-'so-much',  adv.  So  that. 

In-spe€t',  V.  t.  To  examine ; 
to  superintend  ;  to  view. 

In-sp6€'tioh,  nt  Examina- 
tion ;  view. 

In-spe-ct'or,  n.  An  examiner; 
a  superintendent,  [sphere. 

In-sphere',  v.  t.  To  place  in  a 

In^spi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
drawing  in  the  breath  ;  di- 
vine influence  upon  the 
mind. 

Iii-spire',  V.  i.  To  draw  in 
breath. — v.  t.  To  breathe 
into ;  to  infuse ;  to  animate 
supernaturally. 

In-spir'it_,  V.  t.     To  animate. 

In-spis'sate,  v.  t.  To  thicken, 
as  liquids. 

In'spis-sa'tion,  n.  Act  of 
thickening.  [stancy. 

In'sta-bil'i-ty,  n.  Incon- 

In-sta'ble,  a.  Inconstant; 
unsteady.  [office. 

In-stall',  V.  t.  To  invest  with 

In^'stal-la'tion,  n.  The  giving 
possession  of  an  office. 

In-stall'ment  I  (9),  n.  Act 

In-stal'ment  )  of  install- 
ing ;  payment  of  part. 

In'stange,  n.  Solicitation  ; 
example  ;  a  case  occurring. 
—  V.    To  produce  an  exam- 

.  pie. 

In'stant,  w.  A  moment. — 
a.    Present ;  urgent. 

In'stan-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Done 
in  an  instant. 

In-stan'ter,  adv.  Instantly. 

in'stant-ly,  adv.  Immediate- 
ly- 


86n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  toD,  to^ok  ;  tirn,  rjje,  pyll ;  p,  ^,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  epst ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


INSTATE 

In-state',  v.  t.  To  place  in  a 
condition, 

In-stead',a</t'.  In  place  of. 

In'step,n,  The  upper  part  of 
the  foot,    [ward  ;  to  set  on. 

Jn'sti-gate,  v.  t.  To  urge  for- 

In^sti-ga'tion,  n.  Incitement, 
as  to  evil  or  wickedness. 

In'sti-gaaor,  n.  One  who  in- 
cites to  evil. 

Tn-stili'  I  V'  t.  To  infuse  by 

Jn-stil'  }  (16)  or  as  by  drops. 

in'stin€t,  n.  Unconscious, 
involuntary,  or  unreasoning 
prompting  to  action. 

In-stin-et'ive,  a.  Prompted 
by  instinct.  [instinct. 

Tn-stin€t'ive-ly,  adv.  By 

In'sti-tute,  v.  t.  To  establish. 
—  n.   Established  law. 

in^sti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of  es- 
tablishing ;  system  estab- 
lished, [direct. 

In-stru€t',  V.  t.  To  teach ;  to 

In-stm€'tion,  n.  Act  of 
teaching ;  direction  ;  com- 
mand. 

In-stru-ct'ive,  a.  Conveying 
knowledge ;  serving  to  in- 
struct, [teaches 

In-stru-et'or,  n.     One  who 

In-stru-et'ress,  n.  A  female 
teacher. 

in'stru-ment,  n.  A  tool ;  ma- 
chine ;  a  writing  ;  an  agent. 

In^stru-ment'al,  a.  Condu- 
cive to  some  end. 

In^stru-ment-al'i-ty,  n. 
Agency  ;  means. 

in^sub-or/di-na'tion,  n.  Dis- 
obedience to  lawful  author- 
*ity. 

In-suf  fer-a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

borne ;  unendurable. 
In-suf  fer-a-bly,  adv.   To  a 

degree  beyond  endurance. 
Jn^suf-f I'cien-gy ,  ( -fish/cn- ), 

n.   Want  of  sufficiency. 
In^suf-fi'cient  (-fish/ent),  a. 

Inadequate.  [water. 
Tn'su-lar,  a.  Surrounded  by 
In/su-lar'i-ty,  n.    State  of 

being  insular. 
In'su-late,  v.  t.    To  place  in 

a  detached  position  ;  to  make 

an  isle.  [sulating. 
Tn^su-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
In'sult,  n.     Intended  con 


146 


INTERCHANGEABLE 


tempt.  —  Syn.  Outrage  ; 
insolence  ;  affront ;  indigni- 
ty- 

In-sult',  v.t.  To  treat  with 
abuse,  insolence,  or  con- 
tempt. 

In-sult'ing,  a.  Containing 

gross  abuse. 
In-su'per-a-ble,  a.  Impossi- 
ble to  be  overcome. 
In''sup-p5rt'a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  endured. 
In-sur'ange  (-shijr/-),  n.  Se- 
curity against  loss  by  pay- 
ing a  certain  sum. 
In-sure'  {-shur,  28),  v.  t.  To 

make  sure  against  loss. 
In-sur'gent,  a.  Exciting  sedi- 
tion ;  rebellious.  —  n.  One 
who  rises  against  lawful  au- 
thority. 
In^sur-mount'a-ble,  a.  Kot 
to  be  surmounted  or  over- 
come ;  insuperable, 
in/sur-re^'tion,  n.  Open  op- 
position to  lawful  authority. 
—  Syn.    Sedition;  revolt; 
rebellion. 
In/sur-re€'tion-a-ry,  a.  Re- 
lating to  insurrection. 
In/sus-Qgp'ti-ble,  a.  Not  ca- 
pable of  feeling. 
In-tagl'io  (-tiil/yo),  n.  A 
precious  stone  with  a  figure 
engraved  on  it. 
In-tan'gi-ble,  a.    Not  per- 
ceptiftle  by  touch.  [ber. 
In'te-ger,  n.    A  whole  num- 
In'te-gral,  n.       An  entire 
^  thing.  —  a.   Whole  ;  entire. 
In'te-grant,  a.  Necessary  to 

constitute  an  entire  thing. 
In'te-grate,  v.  t.    To  form 

one  whole  ;  to  make  up. 
In-t6g'ri-ty,  n.    Wholeness  ; 

uprightness  ;  purity,  [ing. 
In-teg'u-ment,  n.    A  cover- 
in'tel-le€t,  n.      Power  to 
judge  and  comprehend  ;  the 
understanding. 
Inael-le€'tion,  n.  Simple  ap- 
prehension of  ideas. 
In/tel-le-et'ive,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  intellect. 
In/tel-16€t'u-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  understanding. 
Inael-16€t'u-al-ly,  adv.  By 
means  of  the  understanding. 


In-tel'li-genge,  n.  Under* 
standing. 

In-tel'li-gent,  a.  Knowing  ; 
instructed  ;  skillful. 

In-tel'li-gent-ly,  adv.  In  an 
intelligent  manner. 

In-tel'li-gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  comprehended. 

In-tePli-gi-bly,  adv.  So  as  to 
be  understood. 

In-tem'per-ange,  n.  Excess ; 
drunkenness  ;  inebriation. 

In-tem'per-ate,  a.  Exces- 
sive ;  ungovernable ;  inordi- 
nate ;  addicted  to  the  exces- 
sive useof  spirituous  liquors. 

In-tend',  v.  To  purpose. 

In-tend'ant,  n.  An  overseer. 

In -tense',  a.  Strained  ;  close ; 
vehement ;  extreme. 

In-tense'ly,  adv.  To  a  high 
degree.  [ing. 

In-tsn'sion,  w.  Actofstrain- 

In-ten'si-ty,  n.  Extreme  de- 
gree. 

In-ten'sive,  a.  Giving  force. 

In-tent',  a.  Fixed  closely. 
—  n.  Purpose;  aim. 

In-ten'tion,  n.  Design  ;  pur- 
pose ;  aim. 

In-ten'tion-al,  a.  Designed. 

In-ten'tion-al-ly,  adv.  Pur- 
posely, [attention. 

In-tent'iy,  adv.   With  close 

In-ter'  (7),  v.  t.   To  bury. 

In-ter'€a-la-ry,  a.  Inserted  *, 
added. 

In-ter '€a-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
sert between  others. 

In-ter^^a-la'tion,  n.  Inser- 
tiod  of  a  day  in  a  calendar. 

In^ter-gede',  v.  i.  To  inter- 
pose ;  to  mediate. 

In^ter-gept',  v.t.  To  seize  on 
its  passage. 

in'ter-Q^p'tion,  n.  Act  of 
intercepting. 

In'ter-g&s'sion  (-§esh'un),  n. 
Mediation  ;  interposition. 

In^'ter-ges'sor,  n.  A  media- 
tor, [ing  intercession. 

In^ter-Qes'so-ry,  a.  Contain- 

In^er-change',  v.  t.  To 
change  by  giving  and  re- 
ceiving ;  to  recipiocate. 

In'ter-changc,  n.  Mutual 
exchange ;  barter. 

In/ter-change'a-ble,  a.  Ca- 


a,  6, 1,  6,  u,  y,  Ions  /     ^.  5^)  ^^^^^ ^^^^ '  £re,  veil,  tSrm  ;  pique,  firm  , 


INTERCOURSE 


147 


INTIMATE 


pable  of  being  given  and 

taken  mutually. 
In'ter-course,  n.  Mutual 

dealings  ;  fellowship. 
Jn'ter-dict',  v.  t.  To  forbid, 
In'ter-di€t,  n.  A  prohibition. 
in'ter-di€'tion,  n.   Act  of 
.  prohibiting. 

In'ter-est,  v.  t.  To  concern 
or  relate  to  ;  to  affect.  —  n 
Concern  ;  share  ;  premium 

^  for  the  use  of  money. 

In'ter-est-ed,  a.  Having  an 
interest. 

In'ter-est-ing,  a.  Exciting 

^  interest ;  pleasing. 

Inaer-fere',  v.  i.    To  inter- 

^  pose  ;  to  clash  ;  to  meddle. 

In'ter-fer'enge,  n.  Interpo- 
s'tion ;  a  meddling. 

In'ter-im,  n.  The  mean  time. 

In-te'ri-or,  a.  Internal ;  be- 
ing within. — n.  The  in- 
ward part.  [ly. 

In-te'ri-or-ly,  adv.  Inward- 

In/ter-ja'gent,  a.  Lying  be- 
tween ;  intervening. 

In^ter-je€'tion,  n.  A  word 
of  exclamation. 

In^ter-lage',  v.  t.    To  inter- 

^  mix  ;  to  insert. 

In^ter-lard',  v.  t.  To  insert 
between  ;  to  interpose. 

In^ter-Ieave',  v.  t.  To  insert 

^  blank  leaves  in. 

In^ter-lme',  v.t.  To  write  or 

^  print  between  the  lines  of. 

In/ter-lm'e-ar,  )  a.  Written 

In/ter-lin'e-al,  j    or  printed 

^  between  the  lines. 

In/ter-lirye-a'tion,  w.  A 
writing  or  printing  between 
lines. 

In'ter-lmk',  v.  t.  To  connect 

^  by  uniting  hnks. 

In'ter-loe'u-tor,  n.  One  who 
speaks  in  dialogue. 

Inaer-16-c'u-to-ry,  a.  Con- 

^  sisting  of  dialogue. 

Jn^ter-lop'er,  n.  An  intruder. 

Tn'ter-lude,  n.  An  entertain- 
ment between  the  acts  of  a 
play  ;  a  piece  of  instrumental 
music  between  the  parts  of  a 

^  song  or  hymn. 

In^ter-mar'riage,  n.  Recip- 
rocal marriage  between  two 
families,  tribes,  &c. 


In/ter-mar'ry,  v.  i.  To  be- 
come connected,  as  families, 
by  marriiige. 

In'ter-mSd'dle,  v.  i.  To  med- 
dle in  the  affairs  of  others. 

Inaer-me'di-al,    I  a.  Lying 

in/ter-me'di-ate,  )  between. 

In-ter'ment,  n.  A  burying. 

In-ter'mi-na-ble,  »i.  Admit- 

^  ting  of  no  end  ;  endless. 

Inaer-min'gle,  v.  t.  To  min- 
gle together. 

in^ter-mis'sion  (-mlsh^'un), 

^  n.  Cessation  for  a  time. 

In^ter-mit',  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
cease  or  cause  to  cease  for  a 
time. 

in/ter-mit'tent,  a.  Ceasing 
at  intervals. 

In-'ter-mix',  v.  t.  or  t.  To  mix. 

In/ter-mixt'tire,  n.  A  mass 
formed  by  mixture. 

In-ter'nal,  a.  Inward  ;  inte- 
rior ;  domestic.  [ly. 

In-ter'nal-ly,  adv.  Inward- 

In/ter-na'tion-al  (-nash'- 
un-),  a.  Existing  between 
nations. 

in^ter-nun'ci-0  (-nun'shi-o), 
n.  A  pope's  representative. 

In-ter'po-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
sert, as  spurious  matter,  in 
a  writing. 

In-ter^po-la'tion,  n.  The 
act  of  inserting  spurious 
words  in  a  writing. 

In-ter'po-lat''or,  n.  One  who 
interpolates. 

in^ter-poge',  v.  i.  To  step  in 
between.  —  v.  t.  To  place 
between  ;  to  interfere  ;  to 
mediate. 

In^ter-po-si'tion  (-zish^un), 
n.  Act  of  mediating. 

In-ter'pret,  v.  t.  To  explain. 

In-ter^pret-a'tion,  n.  Expla- 
nation ;  version. 

In-ter'pret-er,  n.  One  who 
expounds. 

in/ter-reg'num,  n.  The  time 
a  throne  is  vacant  between 
the  death  of  a  king  and  the 
accession  of  his  successor. 

In-ter'ro-gate,  v.  t.  To  ex- 
amine by  question. 

In-ter^ro-ga'tion,  n.  A  ques- 
tion ;  an  inquiry ;  a  point 
[?]  denoting  a  question. 


Inaer-r6g'a-tive,  a.  Denot- 
ing ;i  question. 

In-ter'ro-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 
asks  que^tions. 

Inaer-rog'a-to-ry,  n.  A 
question,  —  a.  Containing 

^  a  question. 

In^ter-rtipt',  v.  t.  To  stop  by 
^  interfering  ;  to  divide. 
In/ter-rup'tion,7».  Interposi- 
tion ;  stop ;  hindrance. 
In/ter-s6€t',  v.  t.  To  divide; 

to  cross. — V.  i.    To  meet 
^  and  cross  each  other. 
In'ter-se€'tioxi,  n.    Act  of 

crossing ;  point  where  two 
^  lines  cut  each  other. 
In'ter-sperse',  v.  t.  To  scat- 
^  ter  among.  [scattering. 
In'ter-sper'sion,  n.  Act  of 
In'ter-stige,  or  In-ter'stige, 

n.  An  en)pty  space  between 
^  things  closely  set. 
In/ter-sti'tial  (-stish/al),  a. 
^  Containing  interstices. 
In^ter-t^xt'-Qre,  n.    State  of 
^  bring  interwoven. 
In/ter-twme',  I  v.  t.  To  unite 
In^ter-twist',  )    by  twining. 
In'ter-val  (18),  n.   A  space 

between  things ;  time  be- 
^  tween  events.  [between. 
Tn'ter-vene',  v.  i.  To  come 
In/ter-ven'tion,  n.  Act  of 
^  intervening ;  interposition. 
In'ter-view,  n.  A  formal 
^  meeting  ;  conference. 
Inaer-weave',  v.  t.  To  weave 

one  into  another  of. 
In-t§s'tate,  «.  D3ing  without 

a  will.  —  n.    One  who  dies 

without  leaving  a  will. 
In-tes'ti-nal,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  bowels.  [mcstic. 
In-tes'tme,  a.  Internal ;  do- 
In-t6s'tme§,   n.  pi.  The 

bowels. 

In-thralP  (16),  v.  t.    To  re- 
duce to  bondage ;  to  enslave. 
In-thrall'ment )  (9),  n.  Sla- 
in-thral'ment  j  very. 
In'ti-nia-gy,  n.    Close  famil- 
^  iarity ;  friendship. 
In'ti-mate,  v.  t.  To  hint ;  to 
^  sugjiest  ;  to  point  cut. 
In'ti-mate,  a.  Inmost ;  near. 
—  n.    A  familiar  associate 
or  friend. 


86n,  or,  dg,  wglf,  to-o,  tcTok;  flm,  nje,  pvill;  9,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist;  q  ajj  ng;  this 


INTIMATELY 

In'ti-mate-ly,  adv.  Familiar- 
ly. [suj>;gestion ;  notice. 
In'ti-ma'tion,  n.  A  hint; 
In-tim'i-date,  v.  t.  To  in- 
spire with  fear  ;  to  abash. 
In-tim^i-da'tion,  n.  The  act 

of  intimidating, 
in'to,  prep,  noting  entrance. 
In-t6i'er-a-ble,  a.    Not  to  be 

borne  or  endured. 
In-toPer-a-bly,  adv.  Beyond 
endurance.  [toleration. 
In-toI'er-anQe,  n.    Want  of 
In-t61'er-ant,  a.    Unable  to 

bear  ;  iUiberal ;  bigoted. 
Inao-na'tion,  n.    Manner  of 

utterance  ;  modulation. 
In-t6x'i-eat8,^^  t.  To  inebri- 
ate ;  to  make  drunk. 
In-tox/i-ea'tion,  n.    State  of 
drunkenness.  [nacy. 
In-traet/i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Obsti- 
In-tr^et'a-ble,  a.  Unman- 
ageable ;  obstinate ;  unruly. 
In-tran'si-tive,  a.  Express- 
ing an  action  that  does  not 
pass  over  to  an  object. 
In-trSncb',  v.  t.    To  fortify 

with  a  trench  ;  to  encroach,  i 
In-trench'ment,  n.  A  ditch  \ 

and  parapet  for  defense. 
In-trep'id,  a.  Fearless  ;  bold, 
inare-pid'i-ty,  n.  Undaunt- 
ed bravery ;  fearlessness. 
In'tri-ea-gy,  n.  Entangle- 
ment ;  perplexed  state  ;  com- 
plexity ;  obscurity. 
In'tri-cate,  a.    Entangled  or 

involved  ;  complicated. 
In-trigue'  (-treegO,  n.  Strat- 
agem ;  amour. — v.i.  To 
carry  on  secret  designs. 
In-trigu'er  (-treeg/-),  n.  One 

who  intrigues. 
In-trm'si-e,      I  a.  Internal; 
In-trm'si€-al,  )  true  ;  inher- 
ent ;  essential ;  real. 
In-trin'si-c-al-ly,  adv.  In- 
ternally ;  essentially. 
Inaro-duge',  v.  t.    To  bring 

in  ;  to  make  known. 
In'tro-du€'tion,  n.    Act  of 

introducing;  a  preface. 
In^tro-dii-e'to-ry,  a.  Serv- 
ing to  introduce. 
In'tro-spe^'tion,  n.   A  view 
of  the  inside.  [inward. 
Inaro-vert',  v.  t.   To  turn 


148 

In-trude',  v.  i.  To  come  un- 
welcomely .  —  v.  t.  To  thrust 
in  without  invitation. 

In-trud'er,  n.  One  who  in- 
trudes. 

In-tru'sion,  n.  Entrance 
without  right. 

In-tru'sive,  a.  Apt  to  in- 
trude, [the  care  of. 

In-trust',  V.  t.  To  commit  to 

Inau-i'tion{-Mi/un),  n.  Im- 
mediate knowledge,  as  in 
perception. 

In-tu'i-tive,  a.  Perceived  by 
the  mind  immediately. 

In-tu'i-tive-ly,  adv.  By  im- 
mediate perception. 

In/tu-mes'genQe,  n.  A  swell- 
ing with  heat. 

In -twine',  \v.t.     To  twist 

In-twist_',  )  together. 

In-rin'date,  v.  t.  To  overflow. 

In^un-da'tion,  n.  An  over- 
flosv  of  water  ;  a  flood. 

lU-ure',  V.  t.  or  i.  To  accus- 
tom ;  to  serve  to  the  use  or 
benefit  of.  [urn. 

In-urn',  v.t.    To  put  iu  an 

In^u-til'i-ty,  n.  Uselessness. 

In-vade',  v.  t.  To  enter  in  a 
hostile  manner  ;  to  attack. 

In-vad'er,  n.  One  who  in- 
vades, [void. 

In-val'id,  a.     Weak;  null; 

In'va-lid,  n.  One  disabled. 
—  a.  In  ill-health;  feeble. 

In-val'i-date ,  r .  t.  To  make 
void ;  to  weaken. 

In^va-lid'i-ty,  «.  Weakness; 
want  of  legal  force. 

In-vai'u-a-ble,  a.  Beyond 
valuation  ;  priceless. 

In-va'ri-a-ble,a.  Unchange- 
able ;  uniform. 

In-va'ri-a-bly,  adv.  With- 
out change  ;  uniformly. 

In-va'sion,  n.  Hostile  en- 
trance ;  infringement. 

In-v6€'tive,  n.  A  harsh  or 
reproachful  accusation. 

In-veigh'  (in-vaO,  v.  i.  To 
rail  against ;  to  reproach. 

In-vei'gle  (-ve/gl),  v.  t.  To 
entice;  to  entrap. 

In-vent',  v.t.  To  discover 
by  study  or  inquiry  ;  to  find 
out;  to  contrive;  feign. 

In-v6n'tion,  n.    Act  of  find- 


INVOCATION 

ing  out ;  that  which  is  in- 
vented. 

In-vent'ive,  a.    Ready  at  in- 
vention ;  ingenious,  [vents. 
In-vent'or,  M.    One  who  in- 
In'ven-to-ry,  n.    A  list  of 
articles.  [trary. 
In-verse',  a.  Inverted ;  con- 
In-verse'ly,  adv.    In  a  con- 
trary order  or  manner. 
In-ver'sion,  n.     A  complete 

change  of  order. 
In-vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  upside 
down  ;  to  change  the  order 
of  completely. 
In-vert'ed,  a.  Beversed. 
In-v6st'',  v.  t.    To  clothe  ;  to 
besiege ;  to  vest  in  some- 
thing else,  [iuto. 
In-vesai-gate,v.    To  search 
In-ves'ti-ga'tion,     n.  A 
searching  for  truth  ;  exami- 
nation ;  inquiry. 
In-ves'ti-ga^tor,  n.  One  who 

searches  for  truth. 
In-vest'i-ture,  n.     Act  of 
giving  possession.  i 
In-vest'ment,  n.  A  vestment 
conversion  into  property  less 
fleeting  than  money. 
In-v6t'er-a-Qy,  n.  Obstinacy 

confirmed  by  time. 
In-v6t'er-ate,  a.  Old  ;  firm- 
ly fixed.  - 
In-vid'i-ous,  a.  Likely  to  ex- 
cite envy_^  [strengthen. 
In-vig'or-ate,  v.  t.  To 
In-vig/or-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

invigorating. 
In-vin'gi-ble,  a.    Not  to  be 
conquered ;  unconquerable. 
In-vi'o-la-ble,  a.   Not  to  be 

broken. 
In-vi'o-late,  a.  Not  broken  ; 

entire  ;  uninjured. 
In-vi§a-bil'i-ty,  n.    State  of 
being  invisible.  [seen. 
In-vi§'i-ble,  a.     Not  to  be 
In-vi§'i-bly,  adv.    So'as  not 

to  be  seen, 
in^vi-ta'tion,  n.   Act  of  in- 
viting; request  to  attend. 
In-vite',  V.  t.  To  request  tho 
■^company  of ;  to  allure. 
In-vit'ing,  p.  a.  Attractive, 
fn'vo-cate,  v:  t.    To  invoke. 
In/vo-ca'tion,  n.    Act  of  in- 
voking ;  judicial  order. 


a,  e, !,  o,  u,  f,  long;     6,  i,  6,  ti,  J^,  short;  cSre, car,  2isk,  ftll,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  tt^nn ;  pique,  firm ; 


INVOICE 


149 


ISTHMUS 


In'voige  (18),  n.  A  bill  of 
goods,  Avith  the  prices  an- 
nexed.—  V.  i.  To  make  a 
list  of,  with  the  prices. 

In-v6ke',r.  t.  To  address  in 
prayer ;  to  implore. 

In-v61'un-ta-ri-ly,  adv.  Not 
by  choice  ;  against  the  will. 

In-v6i'un-ta-ry,  a.  Opposed 
to,  or  independent  of,  the 
will.  [involving. 

In^'vo-lii'tion,  n.    Action  of 

In-v61ve',  v.  t.  To  envelop ; 
to  infold  ;  to  comprise. 

In-vul'ner-a-ble,  a.  Incapa- 
ble of  being  wounded. 

In'ward,  a.  Being  within.  — 
adv.  \V'ithin. 

in'ward-ly,  adv.  In  the  in- 
ner part ;  internally. 

In'wards,  n.  pi.  Intestines. 

In-weave',  v.  t.  [imp.  in- 
wove ;  p.  p.  INWOVE,  IN- 
■Vt^OVEN.J  To  weave  to- 
gether. 

In- wrap'  (-rapO,  v.  t.  To  in- 
volve ;  to  infold. 

In- wrought'  (-rawt^),  a. 
Worked  in. 

I-6'ta,  n.    A  tittle :  a  jot. 

I-ras^gi-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  easily  provoked. 

i-r^s'gi-ble,  a.  Irritable  ; 
easily  angered. 

Ire,  11.    Anger  ;  wrath. 

Ire'ful  (17),  a.  Angry  ;  wroth. 

rris*(18),  n.  The  rainbow; 
the  colored  circle  of  the  eye. 

I'rish,  a.  Pertaining  to  Ire- 
land.—  n.    The  native  lan- 

^  guage  of  the  Irish,  [some. 

Irk'some,  a.    Tedious  ;  tire- 

I'ron  (i^urn),  n.  The  most 
common  and  useful  of  the 
metals.  — a.  Made  of  iron  ; 
like  iron  ;  hard  ;  firm.  — v.  t. 
To  smooth  with  a  hot  iron. 

I'ron--elad  ^^^p 

vessel  for  war-  ''^^^^^^^K 

ed  or  covered  ^ 
_  with  iron.  Iron-clad. 
I-ron'ie-al,  a.     Spoken  in 
_  irony. 

I'ron-y,  n.  Speech  intended 
to  convey  a  contrary  signifi- 
cation ;  a  species  -^f  ridicule.  | 


Ir-ra'di-ate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 

eniit  rays ;  to  illuminate. 

Ir-raMi-a'ticn,  n.  Emission 
of  ra>  s;  illumination. 

Ir-ra'tion-al  (-rash/un-),  a. 
Void  of  reason.  [surdly. 

Ir-ra'tion-al-iy,  adv.  Ab- 

Ir-re€'on-Qil'a-ble,  a.  Im- 
possible to  be  reconciled. 

Ir're-eov'er-a-ble,  a.  In- 
capable of  being  recovered. 

Ir^re-eov'er-a-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond n^covery. 

Ir^re-deem'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  redeemed.  [reduced. 

ir^re-du'gi-ble,  a.    Not  to  be 

Ir-ref ra-ga-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  refuted. 

Ir-ref  u-ta-ble,  or  Ir/re-fut'- 
a-ble,a.  Incapable  of  being 
refuted. 

Ir-reg'u-lar,  a.  Not  accord- 
ing to  rule;  immefhodical. 

Ir-reg-'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Devia- 
tion from  rule;  anomaly. 

Ir-reg'u-lar-Iy,  adv.  With- 
out method,  rule,  or  order. 

Ir-rel'a-tive,  a.  IIavi)ig  no 
relation  ;  unconnected. 

Ir-rel'e-vant,  a.  Not  appli- 
cable or  pertinent. 

Ir-rel'e-van-gy,  n.  State  of 
being  irrelevant. 

ir^re-lig'ion  (-ITj/un),  n. 
Want  of  religion  ;  impiety. 

ir^re-lig'ious  (-Ij'us),  a. 
Ungodly  ;  wicked. 

Ir^re-me'di-a-ble,  a.  Ad- 
mitting of  no  remedy. 

Ir-rep'a-ra-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  repaired. 

Ir-rep'a-ra-bly,  adv.    So  as 

^  not  to  admit  of  repair. 

Ir^re-peal'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  repealed. 

Ir-rep^re-hen'si-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  blamed,  [be  repressed. 

Ir^re-press'i-ble,  a.    Not  to 

ir^re-proach'a-ble,  a.  Be- 
yond reproach ;  blameless. 

ir^re-gist'l-ble,  a.  Impossible 

^  to  be  resisted  with  success. 

Ir''re-sist'i-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  be  resistible. 

Ir-rss'o-lute,  a.  Not  firm  in 
purpose.  —  Syn.  Wavering ; 
vacillating;  unsettled;  un- 
steady ;  undecided. 


Ir-re§'o-lu'tion,  n.  Want  of 

^  firmness  of  mind. 

Ir/re-spe€t'ive,  a.  Without 
regard  to  circumstances. 

ir^re-sp6n'si-ble,  a.  Not  re- 
sponsible. 

Ir^re-triev'a-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  recovery  or  repair. 

Ir-r6v'er-enge  n.  Want  of 
reverence  or  veneration. 

Ir-r6v'er-ent,  a.  Wanting  in 
reverence. 

ir^re-ver'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  bo 
reversed.  [recalled. 

Ir-rev'o-ea-ble,  a.  Not  to  bo 

Ir-r6v'o-€a-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  admit  of  recall. 

Ir'ri-gate,  v.  t.  To  wet;  to 
moi.>ten  ;  to  water,  as  land, 
by  means  of  a  stream  made 
to  flow  over  it.  [gating. 

ir^ri-ga'tion,  n.    Act  of  irri- 

Tr-rig'u-ous,  a.  Watery  ;  wet. 

Ir^ri-ta-bii'i-ty,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  irritated.  [tatcd. 

Tr'ri-ta-ble,  a.     Easily  irri- 

Ir'ri-tant,  n.  That  which  ex- 
cites or  irritates. 

ir'ri-tate,  r.  To  excite  heat 
and  redness  in  ;  to  anger. 

ir''ri-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  irri- 
tating ;  exasperation. 

Ir-rup'tion,  n.  Sudden  inva- 
sion; violent  inroad,  [upon. 

Tr-rup'tive,  a.  Rushing  in  or 

I§  (2).  Third  person  singular 
of  the  substantive  verb  To  6t;. 

Psin-glass  (Pzing-glass),  n. 
A  kind  of  gelatine  obtained 
from  the  sturgeon ;  mica. 

Is'land  (I^-),  )  n.  Land  which 

Isle  (11),  j  is  surrounded 
by  water.  [land. 

Isl'et_(il/et),  n.    A  little  is- 

is'o-late,  V.  t.  To  place  in  a 
detached  situation ;  to  place 
by  itself.  [isolated. 

Is^o-la'tion,  n.  State  of  being 

I/so-therm'al,  a.  Having 
equal  temperature. 

I§'ra-el-ite,  n.  A  descendant 
of  Israel ;  a  Jew. 

Is'sue(Ish/shij),  w.  Offspring ; 
final  resu  t  ;  a  small  ulcer 
kept  open.  — v.  i.  To  come 
or  send  out ;  to  result.  — 
V.  t.    To  put  in  circulation. 

Isth'mus  (is^mus  or  isthmus),  _ 


66n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  took  ;  tirn,  rije  pi;ll ;  9,     soft;     g,  hard;     ;  exist ;  q  as  ng;  this.' 


IT 


150 


JESUITICAL 


n.  -  A  neck  or  narrow  strip 
of  land  connecting  larger 
portions  of  land. 

it,  pyon    That  thing. 

1-tal'ian,  a.  Pertaining  to  It- 
aly. —  n  .  A  native  of  Italy  ; 
language  of  Italy. 

I-tS,l'i-e,  a.  Relating  to  Italy  or 
to  the  letters  called  Italics. 

i-tal'i-gize,  v.  t.  To  print  in 
the  letters  called  Italics. 


I-tSl'i-CS,  n.  pi.  Letters  inclin- 
ing as  these. 

Itch,  n.  A  cutaneous  disease. 
—  V.  i.  To  have  irritation  in 
the  skin ;  to  long. 

Ptem,  n.  A  separate  particu- 

^  lar. 

It'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  repeat. 
IVer-a'tion,n.  Act  of  repeat- 
_  ing  ;  repetition. 
I-tin'er-ant,  n.  One  who  trav- 


els from  place  to  place.  — 
a  Wandering;  traveling. 

I-tm'er-ate ,  v.  i.  To  travel. 

I-tin'er-a-ry,  n.  A  book  of 
travels.  —  a.  Traveling  ; 
done  on  a  journey. 

It-self,  pron.,  of  it  and  self. 

Pvo-ry,  n.  The  tusk  of  an 
elephant,  or  any  substance 
closely  resembling  it. 

I'vy,  n.  A  climbiug  plant. 


J. 


JAB'BER,  v.  i.    To  talk 
rapidly  and  indistinctly. 

—  n.  Rapid,  indistinct  talk. 
Ja'ginth,  n.  A  pellucid  gem. 
Jack,  n.   An  instrument  of 

various  kinds  ;  an  engine  ; 
a  small  flag. 

Jack'al,  n.  A  wild  animal, 
allied  to  the  wolf 

Jack'a-napes,  n.  A  monk- 
ey ;  an  ape. 

JS^ck'ass,  n.  Male  of  the  ass  ; 
a  dolt.  [boots. 

Jack'-l30bts,n.  pi.  Very  large 

Jack'daw,  n.  A  bird  allied 
to  the  crows. 

J^ck'et,  n.  A  kind  of  short 
coat.  [pocket-knife. 

J&ck'-knife  (-nif),  n.  A  large 

J^-c'o-bin,  n.  A  violent  rev- 
olutionist ;  a  demagogue. 

Ja€''o-biii'i-e-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  secret  clubs  against 
government. 

Jade,  n.  A  tired  horse ;  a 
worthless  woman.  — v.  t.  To 
wear  down  by  exertion  ;  to 
tire  ;  to  weary  ;  to  fatigue. 

Jag,  n.  A  small  load;  notch. 

—  V.  t.  To  notch  ;  to  indent. 
JS,g'gy,  a.     Notched ;  un- 
even. 

jag^u-ar^,  »t.  A  "^^^^^^^ 

American  ti-  , 

f^er.  Jaguar. 

Jail,  M.  A  prison. 

Jail'er,  n.  Keeper  of  a  jail 


Jal'ap,  n.   A  plant  or  drag 

used  as  a  cathartic. 
Jam,  n.   A  conserve  of  fruits. 

—  v.t.  {!)  To  squeeze  close- 
ly ;  to  wedge  in.  [a  chimney. 

Jamb  { jitm ),n.    Side  piece  of 

Jan'gle  (jang/gl),n.  Discord- 
ant sound  ;  contention.  — 
V.   To  wrangle  ;  to  quarrel. 

Jan'i-tor,  n.    A  door-keeper. 

jkn'i-za-ry,  n.  A  Turkish 
soldier  of  the  guards. 

Jant'y,  a.    Airy  ;  showy. 

J^n'u-a-ry,  n.  First  month 
of  the  year. 

Ja-pan',  n.  A  peculiar  kind 
of  varnish. — v.  t.  To  var- 
nish. 

Jar,  V.  t.    To  cause  to  shake. 

—  V.  i.  To  strike  together 
slightly  ;  to  interfere.  —  n. 
A  shaking  ;  a  clash  a  stone 
or  glass  vessel. 

Jar'gon,  w.    Confused  talk  ; 

gibberish. 
Jag'mme,  or  Jas'mme,  n. 

A  climbing  plant. 
JS-s'per,  n.    A  mineral. 
Jaun'dice,  n.    A  disease  in 

which  the  body  is  yellow. 
Jaunt  (  jant),  v.  i.    To  make 

an  excursion.  —  n.    An  ex- 
cursion. 
Jave'lm,  n.   A  kind  of  spear. 
Jaw,  n.    The  bone  in  which 

"the  teeth  are  fixed.  —  v.  i. 

To  scold. 
Jay,  n.  A  reddish  brown  bird 

common  in  Europe ;  an 


American  bird  of  a  sky-blue 

color. 

Jeal'ous,  a.  Suspicious. 

Jeal'otis-y,  n.  Suspicion ; 
fear  of  losing  some  good 
which  another  may  obtain. 

Jean  ( jan),  n.  A  cotton  cloth 
twilled. 

Jeer  (8),  n.  A  scoff;  a  taunt ; 

mockery.  —  v.  i.    To  scoff; 

to  deride.  [name  of  God. 
Je-ho'vah,  n.  The  Hebrew 
Je-june',  a.  Hungry  ;  barren  ; 

void  of  interest. 
Je-june'ness,  n.  Barrenness. 
JePly  (19),  n.  Inspissated 

juice  of  fruit ;  a  conserve, 
jin'ny,  n.    A  machine  for  . 

spinning. 
Jecp'ard,  v.  t.    To  put  in 

danger  ;  to  expose  to  loss  or 

injury.  —  Syn.     To  risk  ; 

peril ;  expose  ;  hazard. 
Jeop'ard-y,n.  Danger ;  peril. 
Jerk,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  throw  or 

pull  with  sudden  motion.  — 

n.     A  sudden  thrust  or 

twitch  or  spring.  [coat. 
Jerk'in,  n.  A  jacket  or  short 
J6s'sa-mine,  n.    A  plant; 

jasmine. 
Jest,  V.  i.    To  make  f port.  — 

n.    A  joke. 
J6§'U-it,  n.  One  of  a  religious 

order;  a  crafty  person  (an 

offensive  sense). 
J6§'u-it'i-c-al,  «.  Relating 

to  the  Je^'uits  ;  cratty  (cm 

offensive  sense). 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long;  S,  e, T, 6,  tt, "Sf, short;  care, car,  &sk,  gU, wh^jt ;  ere,  vgU,  t5rm ;  pique,  ilrm 


JET 


151 


JUNK 


Jgt,  n.  A  black  fofsil ;  a  sud- 
den spouting, as  of  water.  — 
V.  i.    To  shoot  forward. 

Jew  (ju  or  jij),  n.   A  Hebrew. 

Jew'el  (ju'el  or  ju/el),  n.  A 
precious  stone;  a  gem. — 
V.  t.  To  adorn  with  jewels  ; 
to  fit  with  a  jewel. 

Jew'el-er  I  (ja'-  or  ji}'-),  n.. 

Jew'el-ler  j  One  who  deals 
in  jewels. 

Jew'el-ry  (ju^-  or  jij/-),  n. 
Jewels  or  trinkets  in  general. 

Jew'ess  (ju/es  or  jii^es),  n. 
A  Hebrew  woman. 

Jew'ish  ( jQ/-  or  ju^-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  Jews. 

Jews'-harp  ( ju7/-  orjiiz^-),w. 
A  musical  instrument. 

Jib,  n.    Foremost  sail  of  a 

Jig,  n.  A  light  dance,  [ship. 

Jilt,  n.  A  woman  who  trilles 
with  her  lover. — v.  t.  To 
trifle  in  love  with. 

Jin'gle  ( jing/gl),  To  clink  ; 
to  tinkle. —  /I.  A  sharp, 
clinking  sound. 

J6b,  n.  A  piece  of  work.  — 
v.t.or  i.  To  do  small  work  ; 
to  deal  i«  stocks. 

Jdb'ber,  n.  A  dealer  in  stocks. 

Jdck'ey  (19),  n.  One  who 
deals  in  horses.  —  v.  t.  To 
cheat ;  to  trick. 

Jo-eose',  a.  Given  to  jesting ; 
jocular;  facetious. 

J6€'u-lar,  a.  Jocose  ;  merry. 

J6c'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 
to  jest. 

J6€'und,  a.  Merry  ;  gay  ; 
lively. 

J6g,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  push  with 

the  elbow;  to  walk  slowly. 

—  n.    A  push  with  the 

elbow.  [ly. 
J6g'gle,v.  t.  To  shake  slight- 
Join,  V.  t.     To  couple ;  to 

unite  ;  to  combine  ;  to  close. 
Join'er,  n.  A  mechanic  who 

does  the  nicer  wood-work  of 

buildings. 
Join'er-y,  n.    A  joiner's  art. 
Joint,  n.  Place  or  part  where 

things  are  united.  —  v.  t. 

To  form  into  joints.  —  a. 

Shared  by  two  or  more. 
Joint'ed,  a.  Having  joints. 
Joint'ly,  adv.  Unitedly. 


Joint'ress,  n.  A  woman  who 
has  a  jointure,  [in  company. 
Joint'-stock,  n.  Stock  held 
Joint^-ten'an-gy,  n.  A  ten- 
ure of  estate  by  unity  of  in- 
terest, title,  time,  and  pos- 
session. 

JoinV-tSn'ant,  n.    One  who 

holds  by  joint  tenancy. 
Joint'ure  ( jointly ijr),  n.  An 

estate  settled  on  a  wife. 
Joist,  n.    A  small  piece  of 

timber  to  support  a  floor. 
J5ke,  n.    A  jest.  — v.  t.  or  i. 

To  jest.  [of  a  fish. 

Jole,  n.     The  cheek  ;  head  j 
J61'li-ty,  w.    Noisy  mirth. 
Jdl'ly,  a.  Merry  ;  gay  ;  hvely. 
Jolt,  V.  t.  or  /.  To  shake  with  ■ 

jerks. — n.  A  sudden  shake. 
Jds'tle  ( jos^l),  V.  t.   To  run 

against. 
Jot,  n.  An  iota;  a  tittle. 
Jour'nal,  n.    An  account  of 

daily  transactions  ;  a  diary. 
Jour'nal-ist,   n.     One  who 

keeps  a  journal,  [a  journal. 
Jour'nal-ize.  v.  t.  To  enter  in 
Jofir'ney  (19),  w.     Travel  ; 

passage ;  excursion.  —  v.  i. 

To  travel,  [hired  workman. 
Jour'ney-man  (21),  n.  A 
Joust,  n.  A  tournament. 
Jo'vi-al,  a.  Merry  ;  jolly  ; 
Jowl.  See  Jole.  [gay. 
Jowl'er,  or  Jowl'er,  n.  A 

hunting-dog,  or  other  dog. 
Joy,  n.     Gladness;  exulta- 
tion. —  V.  i.  or  t.  To  rejoice. 
Joy'ful,  a.  Full  of  joy  ;  glad. 
Joy'ful-ly,  adv.    With  joy. 
Joy 'less,  a.   Void  of  joy. 
Joy'ous,  a.    Glad;  merry; 

cheerful.  [of  triumph. 

Jii'bi-lant,  a.  Uttering  songs 
Jii'bi-lee,  n.     A  periodical 

festivity  :  a  season  of  joy. 
Ju-da'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  Jews.  [the  Jews. 

Ju'da-ism,  n.  Religion  of 
Jii'da-ize,  v.  t.    To  conform 

to  Judaism. 
Jiidge,  n.  One  authorized  to 
determine  causes  in  court; 
an  umpire. 
Jiidg'ment  (10),  n.  Sentence ; 

opinion  ;  discernment. 
Ju'di-ea-to-ry,  n.    A  court 


of  justice.  —  a.  Dispensing 
justice. 

Ju'di-€a-ture,  n.  Power  of 
distributing  justice ;  juris- 
diction. 

Ju-di'cial  (-dish/al ),  a.  Per- 
taining to  courts. 

Ju-di'cial-ly  (-dlsh^al-),  adv. 
In  the  forms  of  justice. 

Ju-di'ci-a-ry  (-dish/i-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  courts. — n. 
Courts  of  justice. 

Ju-di'cious  (-dish^us),  a. 
Prudent ;  acting  with  judg- 
ment. 

Ju-di'cious-ly  (ju-dTsh/us-) 
adv.  Wisely. 

Jiig,  n.    A  vessel  for  liquors. 

Jug'gle,  n.  A  trick  by  leger- 
demain.—v.  i.  To  play 
tricks. 

Jiig'gler,  n.  One  who  juggles. 

Jug'gler-y,  n.  Sleight  of 
hand.  [the  throat. 

Ju'gu-lar,  a.   Belonging  t« 

Juige,  n.  Sap  of  vegetables  ; 
fluid  part  of  animal  sub- 
stances. 

Jui'gi-ness,  n.  Succulence. 

Jiii'Qy,  a.  Full  of  juice  ;  suc- 
culent. 

Jii'lep,  n.  A  liquor  or  sirup, 
Ju-ly',  n.  Seventh  month  of 

the  year. 
Jiim'ble,  V.  t.   To  mix. — n. 

A   confused   mixture;  a 

small  cake. 
Jump,  V.  i.     To  spring  by 

raising  both  feet.  — n.  A 

leap  with  two  feet. 
Jun-c'tion,  n.  Act  of  joining. 
Jiin-et'iire,  n.    A  joining; 

point  of  time.  [year. 
Jiine,  n.  Sixth  month  of  the 
Jiin'gle  (jiing/gl),  w.  A  thick 

cluster  of  small  trees. 
Jun'ior  (-yur),  a.    Younger  ; 

inferior.  — n.    One  younger 

or  of  lower  sta^ftding. 
Jiin-ior'i-ty  (-yor^-),  n.  State 

of  being  junior. 
Jii'ni-per,  n.   An  evergreea 

cone-bearing 

shrub  or  tree. 
Jiink,  n.   A  Chi- 
nese ship  ;  old  1 

ropes ;  bard, 

salt  beef.  Junk. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wQlf,  too,  to^ok;  Om,  rge,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  Iiard;  a^ ;  ejist ;  0  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


JUNKET 


152 


KINDLINESS 


Jftnk'et,  n.  A  private  enter- 
tainment. 

Jun'to,  n.  {pi.  Jiin'tog,  18.) 
A  cabal ;  a  faction. 

Ju-rid'i€-al,  a.  Relating  to  a 
judge  ;  used  in  courts  of 
law. 

Ju^ris-di-e'tion,  n.  Legal  au- 
thority, or  the  space  over 
which  it  extends. 

Jii/ris-pru'denQe ,  n.  Science 
of  law.  ' 

Ju'rist,  n.  One  versed  in  the 
law ;  a  civil  lawyer. 

Ju'ror       )(18,  21),  n.  One 

Ju'ry-man  j  who  serves  on 
a  jury. 

JU'ry,  n.    A  body  of  men  se- 


lected and  sworn  to  deliver 
truth  on  evidence  in  court. 

Just,  n.  Appropriate  or  suit- 
able ;  conformed  to  truth. — 
Syn.  Exact ;  accurate  ;  eq- 
uitable ;  fair. — adv.  Close- 
ly ;  exactly.  —  n.  A  mock 
encounter  on  horseback. 

Jus'tige,  n.  The  giving  to 
every  one  his  due;  a  civil 
officer. 

Jus-ti'ci-a-ry  (-tlsh/Y-),  n. 
One  who  administers  jus- 
tice. 

Jus'ti-fi'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

being  justified. 
Jusai-fi-ca'tion,  n.   Act  of 

justifying  ;  vindication. 


Jiis'ti-fy,  V.  t.  To  prove  tc 
be  just ;  to  absolve  from 
guilt. 

Just'ly,  adv.      Equitably  ; 

honestly.  [truth. 
I  Just'ness,  n.  Conformity  to 
Jut,  V.  i.    To  shoot  out  or 

project. 

Jut'ty,  n.  A  projection  in  a 
building  ;  a  pier  or  mole. 

Ju^ve-nes'gent,  a.  Becoming 
young.  [ful. 

Ju've-nile,  a.  Young  ;  youth- 

Ju/ve-nil'i-ty,  n.  Youthful- 
ness  ;  the  manners  or  cus- 
toms of  youth. 

Jiix/ta-po-§i'tion  (-zlsh'un), 
n.  Nearness  in  place. 


K. 


KALE,  n.    A  kind  of  cab- 
bage. 

Ka-lei'do-S€6pe,  n.  An  opti- 
cal instrument  which  ex- 
hibits a  variety  of  beautiful 
colors.  M 

Kan^ga-rdb',  ' 
n.  A  singular 
quadruped    .iT.  Irffi,. 
found  in  Aus-  ^«nn^^^ 
tralia.  ""^aa^MP^ 

K6dge,  n.     A  Kangaroo, 
small  anchor. 

Keel, ».  The  bottom  timber 
of  a  ship,  extending  from 
stem  to  stern. 

Keel'haul,  v.  t.  To  haul 
under  the  keel  as  a  punish- 
ment. 

Keel'son  (kel-'sun),  n.  A  piece 
of  timber  laid  on  the  floor 
timbers  of  a  ship. 

Keen,  a.  Bager  ;  piercing  ; 
sharp ;  acute. 

Keen'ly,  adv.  In  a  keen 
manner ;  sharply  ;  bitterly. 

Keep,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
KEPT.]  To  preserve ;  to 
save  ;  to  hold.  —  v.  i.  To 
stay  ;  to  endure  ;  to  dwell. — 
n.  A  stronghold  ;  support. 

Keep'er,  n.    One  who  pre- 


serves or  guards  ;  a  custo- 
dian. 

Keep'ing,  n.  Custody  ;  care. 
Keep'sake,  n.   A  token  of 

remembrance. 
K§g,  n.    A  small  cask. 
Kelp,  n.    Calcined  ashes  of 

sea- weed,  used  for  making 

glass. 

K6n,  V.  t.  To  see ;  to  know. 
—  n.  Reach  of  sight ;  cogni- 
zance. 

Ken'nel,  n.  A  cot  for  dogs  ;  a 
pack  of  hounds. —  v.  t.  or  i. 
(8)  To  lodge  in  a  kennel. 
Kept,  imp.  &  p.  p.  oX  Keep. 
Ker'chief,  n.  A  cloth  to  cover 
the  head.     [fruit ;  a  grain. 
Ker'nel,  n.    Seed  of  a  pulpy 
Ker'gey,  n.    A  woolen  cloth. 
Ker'sey-mere,  n.     A  thin 

woolen  cloth  ;  cassimere. 
Ket'tle,  n.    A  vessel  for  boil- 


ing water,  &c. 
K6t'tle-driim,  n.  A 
kettle-shaped  me- 
tallic drum. 


Key  (19),  n.   An  in-  Kettle- 

strument  to  fasten  ^Irum. 
and  open  locks ;  a  quay ;  a 
ledge  of  rocks  near  the  sur- 
face of  water  ;  an  index. 


Key'stone,  n.  "^^OES" 
The  top-stone  ^y^^^ 
of  an  arch.  ^ 

Kick,  n.  A  blow  ^ 

with  the  foot,  Keystone. 

—  V.  To  strike  with  the  foot. 
Kid,  n.    A  young  goat. 
Ki'd'nap  (8),  r.        To  steal 

and  secrete,  as  persons. 
Kid'ney  (19),  w.    That  part 
of  the  viscera  which  secretes 
the  urine.  [rel. 
KiPder-kin,  n.  A  small  bar- 
Kill  (1),  V.  t.  To  slay  ;  to  de- 
stroy. 

Kiln  (kil),  n.  A  fabric  Ibr 
drying  or  burning  any 
thing. 

Kiln'-dry  (kiP-),  v.  t.  To  dry 
in  a  kiln.  [petticoat. 

Kilt,  n.  A  Highlander's  short 

Kim'bo,  a.    Bent ;  crooked. 

Kin,  n.  Kindred  ;  relation.  — 
a.  Of  the  same  kind. 

Kind,  a.  Having,  or  show- 
ing, a  humane  disposition. 

—  Syn.  Benevolent ;  gra- 
cious; mild;  indulgent. — 
n.  A  genus  ;  race ;  sort, 

Kin'dle,  v.  t.    To  set  on  fire. 

—  V.  i.  To  ignite. 
Kmd'li-ness,  n.  Affection- 


u,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long;  S,  e,  T,  6,  tt,     s/iort ;  care,  cilr,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  pique,  firm  j 


KINDLY 


153 


LACHRYMATORY 


ate  disposition  ;  benevo- 
lence. 

KInd'ly,  adv.  With  good 
will.  —  a.  Mild;  favorable. 

Kmd'ness,  n.  Sympathizing 
benevolence ;  goodness. 

Kin'dred,  n.  People  related 
to  each  other ;  relatives.  — 
—  a.  Allied  by  birth. 

Kine,  n.    Old  pi.  of  Cow. 

King,  n.  A  monarch  ;  a  sov- 
ereign. 

King'dom,  n.    The  territory 

subject  to  a  king;  a  region. 
Kmg'fish-er, 

n.    A  bird 

living  on 

fresh  -  water 

fish. 
Kmg'ly,  a. 

Royal  ;     re-  Kingfisher. 

gal ;  pertaining  to  a  king. 
King's'-e'vil,  n.  Scrofula. 
Kink,  n.    The  twist  of  a  rope 

spontaneously  formed. — v. 

t.  or  i.  To  twist  into  a  kink. 
Kins 'f 51k  (-Jok),  n.  Rela- 
tions ;  kindred. 
Kms'man  (21),  n.  A  relation. 
Kip^-skin,  n.    Leather  pre- 
pared from    the   skin  of 

young  cattle. 
Kirk,  n.     The  church,  as  in 

Scotland. 
Kir'tle,  n.    A  short  jacket. 
Kiss  (2),  n.  A  salute  with  the 

lips.  —  V.  t.    To  salute  with 

the  lips. 
Kit,  n.    A  wooden  tub ;  an 

outfit,  as  of  tools,  &c.,  or 


that  which  contains  it ;  a 
small  violin.  [cooking. 

Kitch'en,  n      A  room  for 

Kite,  n.  A  rapacious  bird  of 
the  hawk  kind  ;  a  toy. 

Kit'ten,  n.    The  young  of  a 

'  cat. 

Kn^ck  (n;1k),  n.  Dexterity. 

Knap'sack  (nap/-),  n.  A  sol- 
dier's sack. 

Knave  (nav),  n.  A  rascal. 

Knav'er-y  (nav^-),  n.  Dis- 
honesty ;  petty  villainy. 

Knav'ish  (nav^-),  a.  Dis- 
honest; rascally. 

Knead  (need),  v.  t.  To  work 
and  mix  with  the  hands. 

Knee  (nee),  n.  The  joint  be- 
tween the  leg  and  thigh. 

Knee'-pan  (nee^-),  n.  The 
round  bone  of  the  knee. 

Kneel  (neel),  v.  i.  [hvp.  &  p. 
p.  KNELT  or  KNEELED.] 
To  fall  on  the  knees. 

Knell  (nel),  n.  Sound  of  a 
bell,  rung  at  a  funeral  or 
death. 

Knew  (n\i),pret.  of  Knnw. 

Knick'knack  (nlk^ntlk),  n. 
A  trifle  or  toy. 

Knife  (nlf,  20),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  cutting. 

Knight  (uit),  n.  A  title. — 
V.  t.  To  dub  a  knight. 

Knlght^-er'rant  (nlt^-,  24), 
n .  A  roving  knight. 

Knight'hdb'd  ( mt'  - ),  n.  The 
dignity  of  a  knight. 

Knight'ly  (nit'-),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  or  becoming  a  knight. 


Knit  (nit),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
K.MT,  KNITTED.]  To  Unite 
as  threads  by  means  of 
needles  ;  to  join  closely. 

Knit'ting-nee^dle  (nTt/-),  n. 
A  needle  used  for  knitting. 

Kn6b(n6b),n.  A  knot;  a 
protuberance. 

Kndck  (nok,  5),  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
hit ;  to  strike  ;  to  dash. —  n. 
A  blow  ;  a  dashing  ;  a  rap. 

Kn6ck'er  (nok/er),  n.  A 
hammer  on  a  door. 

Knoll  (nol),  n.    A  little  hill. 

Kn6t  (not),  n.  A  tie  ;  joint  of 
a  plant. — v.  t.  To  form 
knots  in. 

Kn6t'ted  I  (not/-),  a.  Full  of 

Knot'ty  j  knots ;  intricate. 

Knout  (nowt  or  rKTot),  n.  A 
Ru'-siau  instrument  of  pun- 
ishment. 

Know  (no),  t».  t.  [imp.  knew  ; 
p.  p.  KNOWN.]  To  under- 
stand ;  to  perceive ;  to  rec- 
ognize. 

Knowledge  (noPej),  n.  Clear 
perception  ;  information  ; 
cognizance ;  learning. 

Known  (non),  p.  p.  from 

Kno2v. 

Knuck'le  (nQk/l),  w.  A  joint 
of  the  finger  ;  the  knee- 
joint  of  a  calf. — V.  i.  To 
submit  in  a  contest. 

Knurl  (nQrl),w.  A  knot;  a 
hard  substance. 

Knurl'y  (nOrl/-),  a.  Knotty. 

Ko'ran,  n.  The  Mohamme- 
dan book  of  faith. 


L. 


LA  (law),  interj.  Look  ; 
__  behold. 

iia'bel,  n.  A  slip  of  paper, 
&c.,  containing  a  name  or 
title,  fastened  to  any  thing. 
—  v.t.  (8)  To  affix  a  label 
to. 

La'bi-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
lips.  —  n.  A  letter  uttered 
with  the  lips. 

La'bor  (33),  n.    Work  ;  toil ; 


travail.  — v.  i.  or  t.  (8)  To 
work  ;  to  toil. 

Lab'o-ra-to-ry,  n.  A  place 
for  chemical  operations. 

La'bor-er,  n.    A  workman. 

La-bo'ri-oiis,  a.  Diligent  in 
work  ;  i-e quiring  labor. 

LS,b'y-rinth,  n.  A  place  full 
of  windings.  —  Syn.  Maze. 

La-C  (5),  n.  A  resinous  sub- 
stance. 


Lage  (18),  n.  TTork  composed 
of  fine  threads.  —  v.  t.  To 
fasten  or  trim  with  lace. 
Lag'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  rend  ;  to 
tear.  [tearing  ;  a  rent. 

Lag/er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
Lag'er-a'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
tear.  [tears. 
La€h'ry-mal,  a.  Generating 
La-eh'ry-ma-to-ry,  n.  A 
vessel  for  collecting  tears  in. 


i6n,  or,  do,  wglf,  tcTo,  took;  tirn,  rije,  pi.iU ;  p,     soft;  €,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


LACK 


154 


LAED 


LS,ck,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  need.  — 
n.  Want ;  need  ;  failure. 

Lack^a-dai'si^-al,  a.  Af- 
fectedly pensive. 

Lack'ey  (19),  n.  A  footman. 

La-c6n'i«,     la.  Brief; 

La-«6n'i€-al, )  pithy  ;  con- 
cise. 

La'€on-i§m,    \n.   A  pithy 

La-€6n'i-Qism,  j  phrase  or 
expression. 

La-e'quer  (k^k^er),  v.  t.  To 
varnish.  —  n,  A  kind  of 
varnish. 

La€'te-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
milk.  —  n.  One  of  the  ves- 
sels of  the  body  that  convey 
chyle.  [milk. 

La-e-tif  er-ous,  a.  Conveying 

Lad,  n.  A  boy  ;  a  young  man. 

L^d'der,  n.  A  frame  with 
round  steps  ;  gradual  rise. 

Lade,  v.  t.  [imp.  laded  ; 

p.  p.  LADED,  LADEN.]  To 

load  ;  to  throw  out  with  a  | 

dipper. 
LM'ing,  n.  Load  ;  cargo. 
La'dle,  n.    A  dipper  with  a 

handle. 

La'dy  ( 19),  n.    A  mistress  ;  a 
well-bred  woman  ;  a  title  of  | 
respect.  [lady. 
La'dy-ship  (13),n.  Title  of  a 
Lag  (7 ),  V.  i.  To  move  slowly  ; 
to  stay  behind.  —  Syn.  To 
linger  ;  loiter  ;  delay. 
La-gobn',  n.  A  shallow  lake. 
La'i€,      I  CL.  Pertaining  to  a 
La^i-e-al,  j    layman,  or  to  the 
laity. 

Laid  (14),  imp.hp.p.  of  Lay. 
L?in,  p.  p.  of  Lie. 
Lair,  n.     Couch  of  a  wild 

beast.  [lord. 
Laird,  n.     In   Scotland ,  a  ! 
La'i-ty,  n.     The  people,  as 

distinct  from  the  clergy. 
Lake,  n.    A  body  of  water 

surrounded  by  land. 
L^mb  (lam),  n.     A  young  j 

sheep.  —  V.  i.     To  bring 

forth  lambs.  [the  surface. 
L3,m'bent,  a.  Playing  over 
Lamb'kin  (liim^kin),  n.  A 

>  oung  lamb. 
Lame,  a.  Disabled  in  a  limb  ; 

crippl<'d  ;  inircrfect. — v.  t. 

To  make  lame. 


a,6,I,o,  u,y,^ong-/  a.^:-,  i,6,u 


Lam'el-lar,  )  a.  Formed  in 
Lam'el-late,  j    thin  plates. 
Lame'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
lame. 

La-ment',  v.   t.  or  i.  To 
weep;  to  mourn.  [ful. 
Lam'ent-a-ble,  a.  Mourn- 
Lam'ent-a-bly,  adv.  Mourn- 
fully, [sion  of  sorrow. 
Lam-'en-ta'tion,  n.  Expres- 
Lam'i-na,  n.  (pi.  Lam'i-nae, 
25),    A  thin  plate  or  scale 
lying  over  another. 
Lam'i-na^ted,  a.  Laminar. 
Lam'mas  (17),  n.    The  first 

day  of  August. 
Lamp,  a.    A  vessel  with  a 

wick,  for  giving  light. 
Lamp'-black,  n.  A  fine  soot 
from  the  smoke  of  resinous 
substances. 
Lam-pdbn',  n.  A  personal 
satire.  —  v.  t.  To  abuse 
with  satire.  [an  eel. 

I  L^m'prey  (19),  n.  A  fish  like 
Lange,  n.    A  long  spear.  — 
V.  t.    To  pierce  with  or  as 
with  a  lance. 
Lan'get,  n.    A  surgical  in- 
strument to  let  blood. 
I  Lanch,  v.  t.  To  cast ;  to  dart. 
Land,  n.     Earth  ;  ground  ; 
country  ;  region  ;  soil  ;  an 
estate.  —  ^^  t.    To  put  on 
shore.  —  v.  i.  To  come  or  go 
on  shore. 
Lan'dau  (18),  n.    A  kind  of 
coacli   with  a  top  to  be 
thrown  back. 
Land'ed,  a.    Having  land; 

consisting  in  land. 
Land'-hokVer,  n.  An  owner 

of  land. 
Land'ins:,^.  Place  to  land  on. 
!  Land'Ia-"dy,  n.    Mistress  of 
an  inn  or  lodging-house;  a 
woman  who  owns  houses 
occupied  by  tenants. 
Land'lccked   (-lokt),  p.  a. 
j     Inclosed  by  land. 
Land'lord,  n.    The  lord  of 
land  ;  master  of  an  inn  or 
lodging-house  ;    owner  of 
houses  having  tenants, 
Land'mark,   n.    Mark  of 
bounds  to  land  ;  an  elevated 
object  on  land  serving  as  a 
guide. 


Land'-of/fige,  n.  Office  for 
the  disposal  of  public  lands. 

Land's-cape,  n.  A  picture  of 
a  portion  of  country. 

Land'-slide,  \n.    A  portion 

Land'-slip,  )  of  land  slid- 
ing down  a  mountain. 

Lands'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
lives^  on  the  land  ;  a  sailor 
serving  for  the  first  time  at 
sea. 

Lane,  n.  A  narrow  passage. 
L^n'guage,    n.  Human 

speech  ;    tongue  ;   dialect  j 

style  or  expression. 
Lan'guid     (liing/gwid),  a. 

Weak ;  faint ;  feeble. 
Lan'guish,  v.  i.     To  droop  ; 

to  become  weak  or  dull. 
Lan'guish-ment,  n.  State  of 

languishing. 
Lan'guor    (ISng-'gwor),  n. 

Faintness ;  lassitude. 
L5.nk,  a.  Loose  or  lax ;  weak 

and  slender. 
Lan'tern,  n.    A  transparent 

case  for  a  candle,  [of  rope. 
Lan'yard,  n.  A  short  piece 
L^p(18),  n.  The  loose  part  of 

a  coat ;  part  of  a  dress  that 

covers  the  knees.  — v.  t.  ('{ ) 

To  lay  over  or  on ;  to  lick. 
Lap'-d6g,  n.    A  small  dog 

fondled  in  the  lap. 
La-pel',  n.    Part  of  a  coat 

that  laps  over. 
L^p'i-da-ry,  n.    A  dealer  in 

precious  stones.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  art  of  cutting 

stones. 

Lap'pet,  n.  Part  of  a  gar' 
ment  hanging  loose. 

Lapse,  V.  i.  To  slip  ;  to 
slide  ;  to  fall  to  another.  — 
n.  A  slip  ;  a  fall. 

LS-p'stone,  n.  Stone  on  which 
shoemakers  beat  leather. 

Lar'board  (liir/burd),  n.  Left- 
hand  side  of  a  ship  when 
facing  the  head.  [theft. 

Lar'ge-ny,  n.    Theft;  petty 

Larch,  n.  A  de- 
ciduous  cone- 
bearing  tree.  ^^^^L 

Lard,  n.  The  fat  ^^^^^ 

To  stuff  or  mix  ^^^^^ 
with  lard.  Lurch. 


,  5',  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


LAEDER 


155 


LEAFY 


Lard'er,  n.  A  place  v?here 
meat  is  kept. 

Large,  a-  Of  great  size  ; 
bulky  ;  wide  ;  liberal. 

Large'ly,  adv.  Extensively. 

Large'ness,  n.  Great  size. 

Lar'gess,  n.  A  gift ;  a  pres- 
ent, [frolic. 

Lark,  n.    A  singing  bird  ;  a 

Lark'spur,  n.  A  plant  with 
showy  flowers. 

Lar'va  (25),  n.  An  insect  in 
the  caterpillar  state. 

Lar'ynx,  n.  The  windpipe. 

Las-Qiv'i-ous.  a.  Wanton  ; 
lewd  ;  lustful. 

Lash  (18),  n.  Thong  of  a 
whip;  a  cut. — x\  t.  To 
strike  with  a  lash ;  to  sati- 
rize. 

Lass  (2),  n.  A  young  maiden. 

Las'si-tude,  n.  Languor  of 
body  ;  weariness. 

L3,s'so,  n.  (pi.  Las'sos,  18).  A 
rope  with  a  noose,  for  catch- 
ing wild  horses,  &c. 

Last,  a.  Latent ;  hindmost.  — 
V.  t.    To  continue;  to  form 

.  on  or  with  a  last.  —  adv.  In 
the  last  place.  —  n.  A  form 
to  shape  a  shoe  on. 

Last'ing,  a.  Continuing  long ; 
permanent ;  durable.  —  n. 
A  durable  kind  of  woolen 
stuff.  [place  ;  at  last, 

Last'ly,  adv.    In  the  last 

Latch  (18),  n.  A  catch  for  a 
door.  — V.  t.  To  fasten  with 
a  latch.  [a  shoe. 

Latch'et,  n.    A  fastening  for 

Late,  a.  Coming  after  the 
time.  —  adv.  Ear  in  the  day 
or  night ;  long  delayed. 

Late'ly,  adv.  Not  long  ago. 

La'tent,  a.  Hidden  ;  secret ; 
concealed. 

Lat'er-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  proceeding  from ,  the  side. 

Lath,  n.  (pi.  Liiths.)  A  thin 
strip  of  wood  to  support 
plaster.  —  v.  t.  To  cover 
with  laths.  [chine. 

Lathe,  n.    A  turner's  ma- 

Lath'er,  n.  Froth  of  soap  and 
water.  —  v.  t.  To  spread 
with  lather. 

Lath'y,  a.    Thin  as  a  lath. 

Lat'in,  a.    Pertaining  to  the 


Roman  language.  —  n.  The 
ancient    language    of  the 
Romans.     [Latm  language. 
Lat'in-ism,  n.    Idiom  of  the 
La-tin'i^ty,  n.    Latin  style. 
L3.t'in-Ize,  v.  t.  To  turn  into 
Latin. 

Lat'i -tilde,  n.  Distance  from 
the  equator ;  breadth. 

L3,t^i-tiA'di-nal,  a.  In  the  di- 
rection of  latitude. 

LS-t^i-tTi'di-na'ri-an,  n.  One 
who  indulges  freedom  in 
thinking. — a.  Unrestrained; 
lax  in  religious  views. 

L3,t'ten,  n.  Iron  plate  cov- 
ered with  tin. 

Lat'ter,  a.     The  last  of  two. 

Lat'ter-ly,  ac/f.    Of  late. 

Lat'tige,  n.  A  kind  of  net- 
work of  cross  bars. 

Laud,  n.  Commendation  ; 
praise  in  worship.  —  v.  t. 
To  praise  ;  to  extol. 

Laud'a-ble,  a.  Praiseworthy. 

Lau'da-num,  71.  Opium  dis- 
solved in  spirit  or  wii:e. 

Laud'a-to-ry,  a.  Containing 
praise. 

Laugh  (lif ),  V.  i.  To  mani- 
fest mirth  by  a  chuckUug  of 
the  voice.  —  n.  An  audible 
expression  of  mirth. 

Laugh'a-ble  (laFa-bl),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  exciting  laughter. 

Laugh'ter  (liif/ter),  n.  Con- 
vulsive expression  of  mirth. 

Launch  (liinch),  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  slide  into  water ;  to 
dispatch;  to  throw.  —  n. 
The  sliding  of  a  ship  into 
water.  [woman. 

Liiun'dress,  n.    A  washer- 

Laun'dry,  n.  A  place  where 
clothes  are  washed. 

Lau 're-ate,  a.  Invested  with 
a  laurel  wreath. 

Lau'rel,  n.  An  evergreen 
shrub. 

La'va,  or  La'va,  n.  Melted 
matter  flowing  from  a  vol- 
cano. 

Lave,  t'.  t.  To  wash  ;  to  bathe. 
Lav'en-der,-n.  An  aromatic 

plant.  [ing. 
La'ver,  n.  A  vessel  for  wash- 
Lav'ish,  a.    Expending  with 

wasteful  profusion.  —  Syn 


Prodigal ;  wasteful.  —  v.  t. 
To  expend  profusely. 

Law,  n.  Rule  of  action  or 
motion  ;  statute  ;  decree. 

Law'ful(17),  a.  Conforma- 
ble to  law  ;  legal ;  rightful. 

Law'ful-ly,  adv.  Legally. 

Law'-giv'er,  n.  A  legislator. 

Law'less,  a.  Not  restrained 
by,  or  contrary  to,  law. 

Lawn,  n.  An  open,  grassy 
space_;  a  sort  of  fine  linen. 

Law'suit,  n.  A  process  in 
law ;  an  action. 

Law'yer,  n.  One  who  is 
versed  in,  or  practices,  law. 

LS,x,  a.  Loose  ;  vague  ;  slack. 

LSx'a-tive,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  relieving  costive- 
ness.  —  n.  A  medicine  that 
relaxes  the  bowels.  [ness. 

Lax'i-ty,  n.  Slackness  ;  loose- 
Lay,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
LAID.]  To  put  ;  to  wager  ; 
to  produce  eggs. — n.  A 
song  ;  a  stratum  ;  a  row.  — 
a.    Pertaining  to  the  laity. 

Lay'er,  n.  A  stratum  ;  a 
bed  ;  a  sprig,  [clergyman. 

Lay 'man  (21),  rt.    One  not  a 

La'zar,  n.  A  person  with  a 
pestilential  dii^ea.'-e. 

Ldz'a-ret'to,7i.  A  pest-house 
for  diseased  persons,  [ner. 

La'zi-ly,  adv.  In  a  lazy  man- 

La'zi-ness  (13),  n.  Habitual 
inaction ;  sloth. 

La'zy,  a.  Slothful ;  sluggish. 

Lea,  n.    A  meadow  :  a  plain. 

Leach,  v.  t.  To  wash  by  per- 
colation. —  n.  Wood-ashes 
washed  by  percolation  of 
water. 

Lead,  n.  A  soft  metal.  —  v.  t. 
To  cover  with  lead. 

Lead,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
LED.]  To  go  before  ;  to 
guide.  —  n.  Guidance  ;  di- 
rection, [lead;  dull. 

Lead'en,  a.     Consisting  of 

Lead'er,  n.    One  who  leads. 

Leaf  (20),  n.  Part  of  a  plant, 
or  something  resembling  it ; 
part  of  a  book  ;  one  side  of 
a  double  door.  —  v.  i.  To 
put  forth  leaves. 

Leaflet,  n.    A  little  leaf. 

Leafy,  a.  Full  of  leaves. 


B6n,  or,  do,  wglf,  too,  tdbk ;  tirn,  rye,  p\UI ;  f ,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  epst ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


LEAGUE 


156 


LENS 


League  (leeg),  n.  Alliance  of 
states  ;  three  miles.  —  Syn. 
Confederacy  ;  compact ;  co- 
alition. —  V.  i.  To  unite  in 
a  confederacy.  ' 

Leak,n.  A  crack  or  hole  that 
admits  a  fluid  to  pass.  — 
V.  i.  To  let  a  fluid  in  or  out. 

Leak'age,  n.  Allowance  for 
waste  by  leaking. 

Leak'y,  a.  Letting  a  fluid 
in  or  out. 

Lean,  a.  Wanting  flesh  ; 
thin;  slender.  —  n.  Flesh 
without  fat.  —  V.  i.  To  in- 
cline ;  to  bend. 

Leap,  V.  i.  To  spring  ;  to 
bound;  to  jump. — n.  A 
jump  ;  a  bound  ;  a  skip. 

Leap'-year,  n.  Every  fourth 
year,  which  has  one  day 
more  than  other  years. 

Learn,  v.  To  gain  knowledge 
or  skill. 

Learn'ed,  a.  Having  learning. 

Learn'er,  n.  One  who  is  ac- 
quiring knowledge. 

Learn'ing,  n.  Erudition  ; 
knowledge. 

Lease,  n.  A  letting  for  hire. 
—  V.  t.  To  let  for  use  by 
hire. 

Leash,  n.  A  leather  thong  ; 
three  creatures  of  any  kind  ; 
a  band. 

Least,  a.     Smallest.  —  adv. 

In  the  smallest  degree. 
Leath'er,  n.    Hide  of  an  ani- 
mal dressed,  and  prepared 
for  use.  [leather. 
Leatii'ern,    a.      Made  of 
Leatii'er-y,  a.    Like  leather. 
Leave,  n.    Liberty  granted  ; 
a    parting    visit.  —  SYN. 
Permission;  license. — v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  LEFT.]  To 
quit ;  to  bequeath. 
L^av'en  (lev^n),  n.    A  mass 
of  sour  dough  for  making 
othiT  dough  light.  —  v.  t. 
To  raise  and  make  light. 
•T  Leaves,  n.  pi.  of  Leaf. 
\  Leav'ing§,  n.  pi.  Things 
left.  [lewdness. 
■I  L^.ch'er,  n.    A  man  given  to 
L'^.ch'er-OUS,  a.  Lustful. 
Lech'er-y,    n.     Lewdness  ; 
_      free  indulgence  of  lust. 


Le-C'tion,  n.   A  reading. 

Le-et'ure,  n.  A  di  course  ;  a 
formal  reproof  —  v.  To  read 
lectures  ;  to  reprove,  [ures. 

Le€t'ur-er,  n.  One  who  lect- 

Led,?>?7/).  &  p.  p.  of  Lead.' 

Ledge,  n.  A  shelf ;  a  ridge  of 
rocks  ;  a  sm-all  molding. 

Ledg'er,  n.  A  chief  book  of 
accounts.  [wind. 

Lee,  n.    Side  opposite  to  the 

Leech  (18),  n.  A  blood -suck- 
ing worm ;  a  physician. 

Leek,  n.  A  plant  with  edible 
leaves. 

Leer,  n.  An  oblique  or  affect- 
ed look. —-y.  i.  (8)  To  look 
obliquely.  [of  liquor. 

Lees,  n.  pi.  Dregs  ;  sediment 
Lee'^shore,  n.  Shore  toward 

which  the  wind  blows. 
Lee'ward    {rolloq.,  Ward), 

adv.  Toward  the  lee. 
Lee' way,  n.    Movement  to- 
ward the  lee. 
Left,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Leave. 

—  a.  Opposite  to  the  right. 
Left'-Mnciyed,  a.  IJnng  the 

left  hand  with  most  skill. 
Leg,  n.  A  limb  to  support  the 

body  or  other  thing,  [will. 
Leg'a-gy,  n.  A  bequest  by 
Le'gal,«.   According  to  law  ; 

permitted  by  law. 
Le-g5,l'i-ty,  n.  Lawfulness. 
Le'gal-ize,  v.  t.    To  make 

lawful ;  to  authorize. 
Le'gal-ly,  adv.  According  to 

law.  [or  envoy. 

Leg'ate,  n.  An  embassador 
Lgg^a-tee',  n.    One  who  haa 

a  legacy . 
Le-ga'tion,  n.   An  embassy  ; 

suite  of  an  embassador. 
Lgg^a-tor',  n.     One  who  be- 
queaths or  leaves  a  legacy. 
Leg'-bail,  v.    A  clandestine 

running  away  ;  flight. 
Le'gend,  or  Leg'end,  n.  A 

rtrmarkable  story  ;  a  motto. 
Leg'end-a-ry,  a.  Traditional ; 

fabulous.  [of  hand. 

Le,g''er-de-main',  n.  Sleight 
Leg'er-lme,  n.  {Music.)  A 

line  above  or   under  the 

staff. 

Leg'gin,  )n.k  covering  for 
Leg'ging,  j    the  leg. 


L6^/i-bil'i-ty,  n.    State  of 

being  legible. 
Leg'i-ble,    a.     Capable  of 
being  read.  [be  read. 

Leg'i-bly,  adv.  So  that  it  can 
Le'gion,w.    A  body  of  foot- 

soidiers  :  a  multitude. 
Leg'is-late,  v.  i.    To  make 
laws.  [making  laws. 

Leg''is-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
Le^'is-la^'tive,  a.  Pertaining 

to  the  enactment  of  laws. 
L^g'is-la'tor,  n.    One  who 

makes  laws  ;  a  lawgiver. 
Leg'is-la'ture,     A  body  of 
men   having  authority  to 
make  laws.  [ness. 
Le-git'i-ma-Qy,  n.  Lawful- 
Le-git'i-mate,  a.    Lawful  ; 

lawfully  begotten,  [lawful. 
Le-git'i-mate,  v.t.  To  make 
Le-^it'i-ma'tion,  »?.    Act  of 

rendering  legitimate. 
Lgg'ume,  or  Le-giime',  n. 
A  pod  splitting  into  two 
valves;  (pi.)  pul?e ;  peas, 
beans,  &c.       [ing  of  pulse. 
Le-gu 'mi-nous,  a.  Consist- 
Leig'ure  {lE^zhijr),  n.  Free- 
dom from  occupation.  —  a. 
deliberate ;  slow. 
Lei§'ure-ly,  adv.    Slowly.  — 

a.  Deliberate ;  slow. 
Lem'on,  v.  An  acid  fruit  and 

the  tree  that  bears  it. 
Lem'on-ade',  n.  W  nter,  sug- 
ar, and  lemon-juice  mixed. 
Lend,  v.  i.  [in^p.  &  p.  p. 
LENT  ]  To  grant  on  condi- 
tion of  receiving  the  thing 
again  or  tin  equivalent. 
LSngth,  n.   Extent  from  end 

to  end :  exten.^on. 
Length'en  (lengthen),  v.  To 

make  or  grow  longer. 
Length'wige.  adv.     In  di- 
rection of  the  length. 
LSngth'y.n.  Somewhat  long. 
Le'ni-en-Qy,  n.     Mildness ; 

lenity  ;  clemency. 
L'?/ni-ent,  a.  Mild  :  merciful. 
Len'i-tive,   a.    Mitigating ; 

easing ;  softening. 
Len'i-ty,  n.  Mildness:  mercy. 
L6n§,  n.  A  glass  by  which 
rays  of  light  are  changed  in 
direction,  and  objects  are 
magnified  and  diminished. 


5,  e,  1, o,  u,  y ,  long;  5,  e,  i,  6,  ii,  y ,  short;  cure, car,  &sk,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vqU,  term ;  piaue,  tirm ; 


LENT 


157 


LIEUTENANCY 


L6nt,  imp.  &  v.  p.  of  Lend. 

—  n.    Time  of  fasting  forty 

days  before  Easter. 
LSn'til,  n.    A  plant  used  as 

food. 

Le'o-nme,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  of  a  lion. 

L6op'ard  (lep^-), 
n.  A  spotted  wild 
beast  of  India 
and  Africa. 

Lep'er,  n.      One  Leopard, 
who  is  infected  with  lepro.^y. 

Lep'ro-sy,  n.  A  cutaneous 
disease,  marked  by  scaly 
spots.  [leprosy. 

LSp'rous,  a.    Infected  with 

Le'gion,  n.  A  hurt  ;  an  in- 
jury ;  a  morbid  change. 

Less,     )  a.  Smaller  ;  not  so 

Less'er, )  large. 

L§ss  (2),  adv.  In  a  smaller 
degree.  n.  A  smaller  por- 
tion; the  younger  or  inferior. 

Les-see',  n.  One  to  whom  a 
lease  is  made.  [ish. 

LSss'en,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  dimin- 

Lss'son,  n.  A  portion  of  a 
book  to  be  read  or  learned  ; 
reproof ;  rebuke,     [a  lease. 

LSs'sor,  n.    One  who  grants 

L§st,  conj.  For  fear  that. 

Let,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  LET.] 
To  give  leave  ;  to  permit ;  to 
allow ;  to  lease.  —  n.  Hin- 
drance ;  delay. 

Le-thar'gi€,  a.  Unnaturally 
sleepy  ;  drows3\ 

Leth'ar-gy,  n.  Morbid  or  un- 
natural drowsiness. 

Le'the,  n.  Oblivion  ;  death. 

Le-the'an,  a.  Inducing  sleep 
or  oblivion. 

Let'ter,  n.  One  who  leases ;  a 
written  message ;  an  epistle  ;  | 
a  printing  type  ;  ( j>^. )  learn- 
lug;  literature. — v.t.  To 
stamp  with  letters.  [type. 

LSt'ter-press,  n.  Print  from 

Let'tuge  (let^tis),  n.  A  plant 
used  for  salad. 

Le-v^nt',  n.  The  eastern 
countries  along  the  Mediter- 
ranean. 

Le-v3,n'tine,  or  L6v'an-tine, 
n.  A  kind  of  silk  cloth. 

Lev'ee,  n.  Assembly  of  peo- 
ple on  a  visit  to  a  great  per- 


sonage ;  bank  of  earth  along 
a  river. 

Lev'el,  a.   Even  ;  flat ;  plain  ; 

—  t'. /.  (8)   To  make  even. — 

V.  i.   To  aim.  —  n.  A  plain  ; 

a  flat  surface  ;  equality. 
Le'ver,  or 

Lev '  er, 

One     of  the 

mechanical 


powers. 


Lever. 


Lev'er-et,n.  A  young  hare. 
Le-vi'a-than,  n.   A  large  sea- 
animal  ;  the  whale. 
Lev'i-gate,  v.  t.    To  reduce 

to  powder  ;  to  polish. 
Le'vite,  n.    One  of  the  tribe 
of  Levi ;  an  attendant  on  a 
Hebrew  priest,  [the  Levites. 
Le-vit'i-eal,  a.    Relating  to 
Lev'i-ty,  n.  Lightness  ;  want 
of  seriousness.  —  Syn.  Vol- 
atility ;  flightiness. 
Lev'y,  V.  t.  To  raise  ;  to  col- 
lect.—  n.     Act  of  raising 
money  or  troops  ;  a  small 
coin  worth  12^  cents. 
Lewd  (lad),  a.    Given  to  in- 
dulgence of  lust;  licentious. 
Lewd'ness,  n.    Unlawful  in- 
dulgence of  lust ;  lechery. 
Lex^i-edg'ra-pher,  n.  The 

writer  of  a  dictionary. 
Lex^i-eo-graph'i-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  lexicography. 
Lex/i-eog'ra-phy,  n.  The  art 

of  composing  dictionaries. 
Lex'i-€on,  n.    A  dictionary. 
Li'a-ble,  a.     Exposed ;  re- 
sponsible ;  subject. 
Li^a-bil'l-ty,    n.     State  of 
being  liable ;  responsibility. 
Li'ar,n.  One  who  lies.  [wine. 
Li-ba'tion,  n.  An  offering  of 
Li'bel,  n.  A  defamatory  writ- 
ing ;  a  written  statement  of 
the  cause  of  a  legal  action 
and  of  the  relief  sought, —  v. 
i .  { 8 )  To  defame  by  w riting ; 
to  proceed  against  by  filing 
a  libel. 

Li'bel-ant  1(8),  w.    One  who 
LPbel-lant  )     brings  a  libel. 
Li'bel-ous,  1   a.  Defama- 
Li'bel-lous,  )  tory. 
Lib'er-al,  a.   Free  in  giving ; 

generous  ;  candid. 
Lib^er-aPi-ty ,  n .  G enerosity . 


Lib'er-al-ize,  v.  t.  To  free 
from  narrow  views.  [ly. 

Lib'er-al-ly,  adv.  Generous- 

Lib'er-ate,  v.  t.    To  set  free. 

Lib^er-a'tion,  n.  A  setting 
free  ;  release.        [sets  free. 

Lib'er-aaor,  n.     One  who 

Lib'er-tme,  n.  A  dissolute 
man.  —  a.  Licentious. 

Lib'er-ty,  n.  Freedom  ;  per- 
mission ;  immunity. 

Li-bid'i-nous,  a.  Lustful. 

Li-bra'ri-an,  n.  One  who 
has  charge  of  a  library. 

Li'bra-ry,  a.  A  collection  of 
books  ;  a  place  for  books. 

LI'brate,  v.  t.    To  balance. 

Li-bra'tion,  n.    Act  of  bal- 

Lige,  p/.  of  LoMse.  [ancing. 

Li'gense,  n.  Permission  ; 
excess  of  liberty.  —  r.  t.  To 
permit  by  legal  warrant. 

Li-ggn'ti-ate  (-shi-at),  n.  One 
who  has  a  license  to  exercise 
a  profession. 

Li-gen'tious  (-sen^«?hus),  a. 
Loose  in  morals  ;  dissolute. 

Li-gen'tioiis-ness,  w.  Con- 
tempt of  just  restraint. 

Li'€hen  [or  Mch'^n),  n.  A 
cellular  flowerless  plant,  of 
a  scaly  form. 

Lick  (5),  V.  t.  To  pass  over 
with  the  tongue  ;  to  lap.  — 
n.  A  stroke  ;  a  blow  ;  a  place 
where  beasts  lick  for  salt. 

Lick'er-ish,  a.  Nice  ;  deli- 
cate ;  dainty  ;  tempting. 

Li€'or-ige,  n.  A  plant,  and 
its  sweet,  medicinal  root» 

Lid,  71.    A  cover. 

Lie  (II),  n.  A  false  statement 
uttered  to  deceive ;  a  false- 
hood. —  V.  i.  (12)  To  utter 
falsehood  to  deceive.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  LAY  ;  p.p.  LAIN.]  To 
rest  horizontally  ;  to  lean  ; 
to  remain. 

Lief,  adv.  Willingly. 

Liege,  a.  Bound  by  feudal 
tenure  ;  sovereign.  —  n.  A 
vassal ;  a  lord  or  superior. 

Li'en  (IS^en  or  IVen),  n.  A 
legal  claim. 

Lieu  (lu),  71.    Stead;  place. 

Lieu-t6n'an-gy  (lu-  or  lef-), 
n.  Office  or  commission  of 
a  lieutenant. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  t<5"o,  tdbk;  firn,  rye,  pull ;  9,     soft,-      g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


LIEUTENANT 


158 


LIQUESCENT 


Lieu-ten'ant  (lu-  or  lef-),  n. 
A  deputy ;  an  officer  next 
below  a  captain.  {Li(^f' 

Lieve,  aiiv.    Vvlllingly.  See 

Life  (20),  n.  Yitality  ;  exist- 
ence ;  energy  ;  spirit ;  ani- 
mation ;  conduct. 

Life'-blood  (-blud),  n.  Blood 
necessary  to  life. 

Life'-boat,  n.  A  boat  ren- 
dered buoyant  by  air-tight 
chambers,  &c.  [guard. 

Life'-guard,  n.      A  body- 

Life'less,  a.  Without  life, 
spirit,  or  energy.  —  SYN. 
Dull ;  inanimate  ;  dead. 

Lift,  V.  t.  To  raise  ;  to  ele- 
vate ;  to  exalt.  —  n.  Act  of 
raising  ;  that  which  is  to  be 
raised. 

Lig'a-ment,  n.    Any  thing 

which  ties  or  unites. 
Li-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  binding. 
Lig'a-ture,  n.     A  band  or 
bandage  ;  two  or  more  letters 
united,  as  ffi,. 
Light  (lit),  71.  That  by  which 
we  see  ;  illumination  ;  illus- 
tration ;  a  candle,  &c.  ;  day- 
time.—  a.    Bright;  clear; 
nimble  ;  not  heavy.  —  v.  t. 
To  illuminate  ;  to  kindle.  — 
V.  i.    To  come  by  chance  ; 
to  dismount. 
Lighten  (ITt^n),  v.  i.  To 
flash  with  light ;  to  grow 
less  dark.  —  i'.  t.    To  make 
light ;  to  alleviate. 
LIght'er  (lit/-),  n.    One  who 
lights  ;  a  largo  open  boat  for 
unloading  vessels. 
Light '-head^ed  (lit/-),  a.  De- 
lirious ;  volatile. 
LIght'-heart'ed    (Ht^-),  a. 

Cheerful;  gay. 
LIght'-horse  (lit'-),  n.  Light- 
armed  cavalry. 
Light'-house  (ITt^-),   n.  A 
tower  with  a  light  to  direct 
seamen. 
Light'ly Nimbly; 

with  levity  ;  easily. 
LlghV-mlnd'ed    (Ht^-),  a. 

Volatile  ;  unsteady. 
LIght'ness  (nt/-),n.  Bright- 
ness ;  want  of  weight ;  levity. 
LIght'ning  (lit'-),  n.  A  flash 
of  electricity. 


Lights  (lits),  n.  pL  Lungs. 
Lig'ne-ous,  a.  Wooden ;  re- 
sembling wood. 
Lig''num-vi'tse,  n.    A  hard 
wood,  used  for  wheels,  &c. 

Like,  a.  Equal ;  similar  ; 
probable.  —  n.  That  which 
resembles.  —  adv.  In  the 
same  manner.  — v.  t.  To  be 
moderately  pleased  with  ;  to 
approve;  to  relish;  to  enjoy. 

Like'li-hdbd,  n.  Probability. 

LIke'ly,  a.  Probable.  —  adv. 
Probably. 

LIk'en,  V.  t.  To  represent 
as  like;  to  compare. 

LIke'ness,  n.  .Resemblance. 

Like'wise,  adv.  In  like  man- 
ner; moreover;  also. 

Lik'ing  (11),  n.  Inclination; 
pleasure ;  desire. 

LI'la-c,  M.  A  flowering  shrub. 

Lil^i-pu'tian,  a.  Diminutive. 

Lil'y,  n.    A  beautiful  flower. 

Limb  (lim ),  n.  An  extremity 
of  the  body  ;  a  branch  of  a 
tree ;  an  edge. 

Lim'ber,  a.  Easily  bent; 
flexible;  pliant. 

Lime,  n.  A  calcareous  earth. 

Lim'bo  (18),  n.  The  borders 
of  hell ;  a  place  of  restraint. 

Lime'-kiln  (-kil),  n.  A  kiln 
for  burning  Ume.  [stone. 

LIme'-stone,n.  A  calcareous 

Lim'it,  n.  A  bound ;  border. 
—  V.  t.  To  set  bounds  to; 
to  confine  within  certain 
bounds. 

Lim/it-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  lim- 
iting ;  that  which  hmita  ; 
restriction.  [infinite. 

Lim'it-less,  a.  Without  limit ; 

Limn  (lim),  -y.  To  draw  or 
paint.  [painter. 

Lim'ner,  n.  A  portrait- 
Limp,  v.i.    To  walk  lamely. 

Lim'pet,  n.  A  small  shell- 
fish. [<int. 

Lim'pid,  a.  Pure;  transpar- 

Limp'sy,  a.  Weak ;  flexible. 

Linch'-pin,  n.  A  pin  to  keep 
a  wheel  on  the  axletree. 

Lin'den,  n.  A  kind  of  shade- 
tree. 

Line,  n.  A  string  or  chord  ; 
an  extended  mark ;  a  row- 
er rank ;  a  course  ;  busi- 


ness ;  a  verse  ;  a  limit ;  the 
equator ;  the  twelfth  of  an 
inch. — V.  t.    To  cover  or 
put  on  the  inside  of.  [scent. 
Lin'e-age,  n.    A  race;  de- 
Lin'e-al,  a.     Composed  of 
lines  ;  descending  in  a  direct 
line.  [line. 
Lin'e-al-ly,  adv.  In  a  direct 
Lin'e-a-ment,  n.    Outline ; 

feature. 
Lin'e-ar,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 

consisting  of,  lines. 
Lin'en,  a.   Made  of  flax  or 
hemp.  —  n.  Cloth  of  flax  or 
hemp. 

Lin'en-dra^per,  n.  One  who 
deals  in  linen. 

LiQ'ger,  r.  t.  To  remain 
long  ;  to  delay  ;  to  loiter. 

Lin'ger-ing,  a.  Slow;  tardy. 

Lin'gual  (ling/gwal),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  tongue. 

Lin'guist  (ling/gwist),  n.  One 
skilled  in  languages. 

Lin-guist'i€,  a.  Relating  to 
the  affinities  of  languages. 

Lin'i-ment,  n.  A  soft  oint- 
ment, [inner  surface. 

Linking,  n.    Covering  of  any 

Link,  n.  One  of  the  parts  of 
a'chain;  a  torch.  —  v.t.  To 
connect  by  links. 

Lin'stock,  n.  A  cannoneer's 
staff  to  hold  a  match. 

Lin'net,  n.  A  small  song- 
bird. 

Lin'seed,  n.   Seed  of  flax. 
Lint,  n.    Soft  scrapings  of 
linen. 

Lin'tel,  n.  Upper  horizontal 
part  of  a  door-frame,  &c. 

LPon,  n.  A  ra- 
pacious quad-  ! 
ruped  of  Asia 
and  Africa. 

LI'on-ess,  n.  A 
female  lion. 

Lip,  n.  Border 
of  the  mouth ; 
thing. 

Lipped  (lipt),  a.  Having  lips. 
Liq^ue-fa-e'tion,  n.    Act  of 

melting.  [liquefies. 
Liq'ue-fl^er,  n.  One  who 
Liq'ue-fy  (-we-),  v.t.  or  I 

melt ;  to  dissolve. 
Li-qu6s'Qent,  a.  Dissolving. 


To 


i  a, §,  I,  0,  u,  y,  long /     e,  I,  6,  Q,  5^,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere, Tfiil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


LIQUID 


159 


LOFT 


Liq'uid  (ITk'wid),  a.  Flowftig ; 
liuid. — n.  A  tiowiug  sub- 
stance. 

Liq'uid-ate,  v.  t.  To  adjust ; 

to  pay.  [liquidating. 
Liq^uid-a'tion,  n  Act  of 
Li-quid'i-ty,  j  n.  Quality  of 
Liq'uid-ness, )  being  liquid. 
Liq'uor  (lik'ur),  n.  A  liquid; 

strong  drink. 
Lisp,  V.  i.  To  sound  5  and  z  as 
ih  ;  to  speak  imperfectly.  — 
n.     A  defective  articula- 
tion. 

List,  V.  t.  To  enroll  for  sery- 
ice.  —  V.  i.  To  hearken  ; 
to  attend  to.  —  n.  A  roll; 
a  strip  of  cloth. 

List'el,  n.  (Arch.)  A  fillet;  a 
little  squ.are  molding. 

List'en  (ITs^n),  v.  i.  To  hear 
watchfully  ;  to  attend  to. 

List'en-er  (lis/n-),  n.  One 
Avho  listens. 

List'less,  a.  Heedless;  care- 
less ;  indiiferent. 

Lit'a-ny,  n.  A  solemn  form 
of  supplication  and  prayer. 

Lit'er-al,  a.    Word  for  word. 

Lit'er-al-ly,  adv.  With  strict 
adherence  to  words. 

Lit'er-a-ry,  a.  Eelating  to 
literature.  [men. 

LiVer-a'ti,  n.  pi.  Literary 

Lit'er-a-ture,  n.  Acquaint- 
ance with  books  ; .  literary 
productions.  [lead. 

Lith'arge,  n.   An  oxide  of 

Lltiie,  a.  Easy  to  be  bent ; 
pliant ;  flexible ;  limber. 

Lith'o-graph,  n.  A  print 
from  a  drawing  on  stone.  — 
V.  t.  To  print  from  a  draw- 
ing on  stone. 

Li-th6g'ra-pher,  n.  One  who 
practices  lithography. 

Lith/Q-graph'i-c,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  lithography. 

Li-th6g'ra-phy ,  n.    The  art 

.  of  printing  on  stone. 

Li-th6t'o-my,  n.  The  oper- 
ation of  cutting  for  the 
stone  in  the  bladder. 

Lit'i-gant,  n.  One  engaged 
in  a  lawsuit.       [a  lawsuit. 

Lit'i-gate,  v.    To  contest  by 

Lit^i-ga'tion,  n.  Contention 
in  law. 


Li-ti^'ious  (-tij/us),  a.  In- 
clined to  go  to  law. 
Lifter,  V.  t.  To  bring  forth  ; 

to  strew  with  scraps.  —  n. 

A  carriage  with  a  bed  in  it ; 

a  brood  of  pigs ;  loose  matr 

ter  strewed  about. 
Lit'tle,  rt.  Small;  not  much. 

—  n.     A  small  quantity, 

amount,  or  space,  &c.  — 

adv.    In  a  small  degree. 
Lit'tle-ness,  n.  Smailness; 

meanness. 
Li-tur'gi€-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  a  liturgy. 
Lit'ur-gy,  n.    A  formulary 

of  prayers  ;  a  ritual. 
Live  (llv),  V.  i.   To  have  life  ; 

to  pass  one's  time  ;  to  abide  ; 

to  dwell ;  to  last ;  to  feed. 
Live,  a.   Ilavinglife;  active. 
Live'li-hdbd,  n.    Means  of 

living. 

LIve'li-ness,«.  Sprightliness. 

Live'long,  a.  Long  in  passing. 

Live'ly,  a.  Living;  brisk.— 
adv.    In  a  brisk  manner. 

Liv'er,  n.  One  who  lives  ;  an 
organ  which  secretes  bile. 

Liv'er-y,  n.  A  giving  of  pos- 
session ;  peculiar  dress  of 
servants. 

Live§,  n.  pi.  of  Life. 

Live'-stdck,  n.  Cattle  ; 
horses,  &c.  [bruise. 

Liv'id,  a.    Discolored  by  a 

Liv'ing,  n.  Subsistence ;  sup- 
port ;  benefice. 

Liz'ard,  n.  A 
kind  of  reptile. 

JjO, interj.  Look  I 
see  I  behold  I 

L5ad, n.  That 
which  is  car- 
ried ;  weight ;  encumbrance. 
V.  t.  [imp.  LOADED;  p.  p. 
LOADED,  LOADEN.]  To 
burden  ;  to  freight  ;  to 
charge. 

Load'star,  n.  The  pole-star. 
Load'stone,  n.    An  ore  of 

iron ;  a  native  magnet. 
Loaf  (20),  n.    A  quantity  or 

mass  of  bread. 
Loafer,  n.    A  low  idler. 
Loam,  n.  A  rich,  friable  soil. 
Loam'y,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 

like,  loam. 


Lizard. 


Loan,  n.  Act  of  lending  ;  the 

thing  lent.  —  v.  t.  To  lend. 
Lcath.    See  Loth. 
Loathe,  v.  t.  To  hate ;  to  be 

disgusted  hy.  [gust. 
L5atii's6me,  a.  Exciting  dis- 
L6ave§,  n.  pi.  of  Loaf. 
Lob,  V.  t.    To  let  fall  henvily. 
Lob'by,  71.    An  anteroom  ;  a 

small  hall  or  waiting  room. 
Lobe,  n.   A  roundish  part,  as 

of  the  lungs,  and  of  the  ear. 
L6b'ster,  n.    A  crustaceous 

fish.  [place. 
Lo'-cal,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
Lo-c3,Pi-ty,  n.    Existence  in 

a  place;  situation;  place. 
Lo'-eal-ly,  adv.  With  respect 

to  place ;  in  place.  [set. 
Lo'-cate,  v.  t.  To  place  or 
Lo-ea'tion,  n.    The  act  of 

placing;  position. 
Lo-eh  (lok),  n.  A  lake ;  a  bay 

or  arm  of  the  sea. 
Lock,  n.  Fastening  for  a  door, 

&c.  ;  part  of  a  gun  ;  tuft  of 

hair  ;  works  to  confine  water 

in  a  canal.  — v.  t.  To  fasten 

with  a  lock ;  to  embrace 

closely. 

Lock'a^e,  n.  Materials .  for 
canal  locks  ;  toll  for  passing 
a  lock. 

Lock'er.  n.  A  drawer  or  close 
place  fastened  by  a  lock. 

L6ck'et,  n.  A  catch  ;  a  small 
ornan>.ental  picture-case. 

Lock'-smith,  n,  A  maker  of 
locks. 

Lo^^o-mo'tion,  n.    Act  of 

moving  from  place  to  place. 
Lo^-eo-mo'tive,  a.  Having 

povrer  to  change  place.  —  n. 

A  steam  engine  on  wheels. 
Lo'-eust,7i.  A  jumping  insect, 

like  the  grasshopper  ;  a  tree. 
L6de,n.    A  metallic  or  other 

vein  ;    a  cut  or  reach  of 

water 

Lodge,  n.  A  small  house ;  an 

associiftion.  —  v.  t.  or  t.  To 

rest  at  night. 
L6dg'er,  n.   One  who  lodges. 
Lodg'ing,  n.  A  place  of  rest 
L6dg'ment  (10),  n.    Act  of 

lodging;  position  secured  by 

assailants. 
Loft,  n.    An  elevated  floor. 


s6n,  or,  dft,  wglf,  tiSo,  tobk  ;  fim,  rue,  pyil ;  5,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  e^ist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


LOFTILY 


160 


LOWLY 


L5ft'i-ly,  adv.    In  a  lofty 

manner  or  position. 
L6ft'i-ness,    n.     Altitude ; 

haughtiness ;  pride. 
L6ft'y,  a.    Elevated;  high; 

proud;  stately. 
L6g,  n.     A  bulky  piece  of 

wood ;  apparatus  to  measure 

the  rate  of  a  ship's  motion. 
Log^a-rith'mi-e,  }  a,  Per- 
Log'a-rith'mi€-al,  j  taining 

to  logarithms. 
Log'a-rithm,  n.  An  auxiliary 

number  to  abridge  mathe- 
matical calculations. 
LSg'-bdbk,  n.    Register  of  a 

ship's  way. 
L6g'ger-h6ad,  n.  A  dunce. 
L5g'i€  (5),  n.  Art  of  reason- 
ing, [logic. 
Log'ic-al,  a.  According  to 
L5g'i-c-al-ly,a'iy.  According 

to  the  rules  of  logic. 
Lo-gPcian  (-jish/an),  n.  A 

person  versed  in  logic. 
Lo-gom'a-ehy,  n.    A  war  of 

words.  [in  dyeing. 

LSg'wdbd,  n.  A  wood  used 
Loin,  n.    Part  of  an  animal 

just  above  the  hip  ;  reins. 
Loi'ter,  v.  i.    To  linger  on 

the  way.  — Syn.    To  lag; 

linger ;  sa*unter. 
L511  ( i-  To  lie  at  ease. — 

V.  t.    To  thrust  out,  as  the 

tongue. 
Lone,  a.   Single;  solitary. 
Lone'li-ness,  n.  SoUtude; 

want  of  company. 
Lone'ly,  a.  Solitary  ;  retired. 
Lone'some,  a.  Secluded  from 

society  ;  wanting  company. 
L6ng,  a.     Extended ;  pro- 
tracted ;  tedious.  —  adv.  To 

a  great  extent.  —  v.  i.  To 

desire  earnestly. 
Longe  (Itinj),  n.   A  thrust. 
Lon-gev'i-ty,  n.    Length  of 

life.  [sire;  eager  wish. 

L5n^'ing,  n.  An  earnest  de- 
L6n'gi-tude,  n.  Distance 

from  east  to  west;  length. 
L6n'^i  tu'di-nal,  a.  Being 

in    the   direction   of  the 

length. 

L6ng-suf'fer-ing,  n.  Pa- 
tience, [prolix. 
L6ng-wmd'ed,  a.  Tedious ; 


Lob,  n.  A  game  at  cards. 
Look,  V.  i.  To  behold  ;  to  ap- 
pear ;  to  search ;  to  watch. 

—  71.  Cast  of  countenance  ; 
appearance  ;  view. 

L(5bk'ing-glass,  n.  A  glass 
that  reflects  images  ;  a  mir- 
ror. 

Ldbm,  n.  A  weaver's  frame. 

—  V.  i.  To  appear  above 
the  surface,  as  a  distant  ob- 
ject. 

Loon,  n.    A  simple  fellow ; 

a  kind  of  bird.     [or  string. 
Loop,  n.    A  noose  in  a  rope 
Ldbp'-hole,  n.  A  small  open- 
ing in  a  wall ;  means  of  es- 
cape. 

Loose,  V.  t.  To  untie  ;  to  re- 
lease ;  to  open.  —  v.  i.  To 
set  sail.  —  a.     Unbound  ; 
wanton.  [wantonly. 
Loose'ly,  adv.    Negligently  ; 
Loos'en  (loosen),  v.  t.  To 
make  loose  ;  to  relax,  [flux. 
Lobse'ness,   n.     Freedom ; 
Lop,  V.  t.    To  cut  short. 
Lo-qua'cioiis,  a.  Addicted  to 
talking;  talkative.  [ness. 
Lo-quag'i-ty,  n.  Talkative- 
Lord,  n.    A  master;  ruler; 
nobleman  ;  God.  — v.  i.  To 
domineer  ;  to  rule  despotic- 
ally. 

Lord'li-ness,  n.  Haughtiness. 

Lord 'ling,  n.  A  petty  lord. 

Lorcl'ly,  a.  Proud  ;  haughty. 

Lord 'ship,  n.    Dominion  ;  a 

title  given  to  a  lord. 
.Lore,  n.    Learning;  knowl- 
edge ;  erudition. 

Lorgnette  (lorn-ySt''),  n.  An 
opera-gla?;s. 

Lp§e  (hroz),  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  LOST.]  To  suffer  loss  ; 
to  miss ;  to  let  slip.  —  v.  i. 
Not  to  win ;  to  incur  a  for- 
feit. 

L6ss,  n.  Privation  ;  destruc- 
tion or  ruin  ;  waste. 

Lost,  imp.  8c  p.  p.  of  Lose. 

Lot,  n.  Hazard;  fortune; 
state  ;  portion ;  share  ; 
chance;  afield.  —  v.  t.  To 
allot ;  to  share. 

Loth,  a.  Unwilling  ;  reluc- 
tant, [wash. 

Lo'tion,  n.      A  medicinal 


Lot'ter-y,  n.    A  distribution 
of  prizes  by  lot  or  chance. 
Loud,  a.  Noisy  ;  boisterous  ; 

vociferous.  [orously. 
Loud'ly,  adv.  Noisily ;  clam- 
Lough  (lok),  n.  A  lake. 
Lounge,  v.  i.   To  spend  time 

lazily  ;  to  loiter ;  to  loll. 
Loung'er,  n.  An  idle  person. 
Louse  (21),  n.  An  insect. 
Lout,,  n.  An  awkward  per- 
son, [of  love. 
Lov'a-hle  (11),  a.  Deserving 
Lov'age,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant. 

L6ve  (IQv),  V.  t.  To  regard 
with  affection.  — n.  An  af- 
fection excited  by  beauty,  or 
whatever  is  pleasing. —  Syn. 
Attachment ;  fondness. 

Love '-feast,  n.  A  religious 
festival. 

L6ve'-kn6t  (mv'not),  n.  A 
knot  emblematical  of  love. 

Love'-leVter,  n.  A  letter  of 
courtship. 

L6ve'li-ness,  n.  Qualities 
that  excite  love ;  gentle 
beauty.  [amiable. 

Love'ly,  a.    Worthy  of  love  ; 

Lov'er,  n.  One  who  loves. 

Love'-sick,  a.  Languishing 
through  love. 

L6ve'-s6ng,  n.  A  song  ex- 
pressing love,  [or  kindness. 

Lov'ing,  a.    Expressing  love 

Lov'ing-kTnd/ness,  n.  Ten- 
der regard  ;  mercy  ;  favor. 

Low,  a.  Deep;  not  high; 
humble  ;  poor ;  cheap  ; 
mean. — adv.  With  a  low 
voice  ;  cheaply.  —  r.  i.  To 
bellow  as  an  ox. 

Low'-brSd,  a.  Bred  in  low 
condition  ;  vulgar  ;  rude. 

Low'er  (lo^er),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
let  down  ;  to  sink. 

Low'er  (louder),  v.i.  To  ap- 
pear dark  ;  to  threaten. 

Low'er-most,  a.  Lowest  j 
deepest. 

Low'er-y  (lou'er-5^),  d. 
Cloudy  ;  threatening  rain. 

Low'land,  n.  Land  low  and 
flat ;  a  low,  level  country. 

Low'li-ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing low  or  lowly  ;  humility. 

Low'ly,  a.  Humble  ;  meek  ; 


a,  e,  T,  5,  u,  y,  long ;  S,  e,  !,  6,  ii,  j^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  aU,  wh^t ;  Ore,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


LOWNESS 

mean.  —  adv.  Humbly  ; 
meekly. 

Low'ness,  n.  Depression. 

Low-spir'it-ed,  a.  Dejected. 

Low'-wine§,  n.  pi.  The  first 
run  of  the  still. 

Loy'al,  a.  Faithful  to  the 
lawful  government,  to  a 
lover,  or  to  a  friend. 

Loy'al-ly,  adv.  With  fidelity. 

Loy'al-ty,  n.  Fidelity. 

Loz'enge,  n.  A  rhomb  ; 
a  diamond-shaped  fig- 
ure ;  a  small  cake  of 
sugar. 

Lub'ber,  n.  A  heavy, 
lazy  fellow  ;  a  gawky.  Loz- 

Lub'ber-ly,  a.  Bulky  ;  enge. 
lazy ;  awkward. 

Lu'bri-eate,  v.  t.  To  make 
smooth  or  slippery. 

Lu-briQ'i-ty,  n.  Smoothness. 

Lu'bri-eous,  a.  Slippery. 

Lu'gid,  a.  Clear ;  shining  ; 
transparent. 

Lu'Qid-ness,  n.  Clearness  ; 
transparency. 

Lu'gi-fer,  n.  The  planet  Ve- 
nus when  morning  star ; 
Satan. 

Luck 'less,  a.  Unfortunate. 

Luck  (5),  n.  Chance;  acci- 
dent ;  fortune ;  fate. 

Luck'i-ly,  adv.  By  good 
chance;  fortunately. 

Luck'y,  a.  Fortunate  ;  fa- 
vored by  luck. 

Lu'-era-tive,  a.  Profitable; 
gainful.  [gain. 

Lu'€re(lu^ker,29), n.  Profit; 

Lu'€u-brate,  v.  i.  To  study 
by  candle  light  or  a  lamp. 

Lu^^u-bra'tion,  n.  Noctur- 
nal study. 

Lu'€u-lent,  a.  Clear ;  bright ; 
evident. 

Lu'di-€rous,  a.  Exciting 
laughter.  —  Syn.  Laugh- 
able ;  ridiculous. 

Lu'di-erous-ly,  adv.  In  a 
ludicrous  manner. 

Luff(l),  n.  Sideof  a  ship  to- 
ward the  wind. — v.  i.  To 
turn  the  head  of  a  ship  to- 
ward the  wind. 

Lug,  V.  t.  To  carry  with 
labor. —  n.  A  heavy  load; 
a  kind  of  sail. 


IGl 

Lug'ga^e,  n.     A  traveler's 

trunks,  &c. 
Lu-gu'bri-ous,  a.  Mourn- 
ful,      [warm  ;  indifferent. 
Luke'warm,  a.  Moderately 
Luke'warm-ness,  n.  Want 
of  zeal ;  indillerence. 

Lull  (1),^'.  t.  or  i.  To  put  to 
rest ;  to  quiet ;  to  subside. 

Lull'a-by,  n.  A  Bong  to  quiet 
infants. 

Lum-ba'go,  n.  A  rheumatic 
pain  in  the  small  of  the 
back.  [the  loins. 

Lum'bar,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Lum'ber,  n.  Things  useless 
and  cumbrous  ;  sawed  tim- 
ber. —  V.  t.  To  heap  care- 
lessly together. 

Lum'ber-rdbm,  n.  A  place 
for  useless  things. 

Lu'mi-na-ry,  n.  Any  body 
that  gives  light. 

Lu'mi-nous,  a.  Shining  ; 
bright;  light;  clear. 

Lump,  n.  A  small,  shapeless 
mass.  —  V.  t.  To  throw  into 
a  mass  ;  to  take  in  the  gross. 

Liimp'ish,  a.  Bulky  ;  stupid. 

Lump'y,a.  Full  of  lumps. 

Lu'na-gy,  n.  Mental  derange- 
ment ;  madness  in  "general. 

Lu'nar,     )  a.  Pertaining  to 

Lu'na-ry,  )     the  moon. 

Lu-na'ri-an  n.  An  inhabi- 
tant of  the  moon. 

Lu'na-ti-e,  a.  Affected  with 
lunacy. —  n.  A  person  whose 
insanity  is  supposed  to  be 
influenced  by  the  moon. 

Lu-na'tion,  n.  Revolution  of 
the  moon  about  the  earth. 

Lunch,  M.  Food  taken  be- 
tween breakfast  and  dinner ; 
an  eating-house. 

Liinch'eoii  (-un),  n.  Food 
taken  between  any  meals. 

Lu-nette',  n.  A  detached 
bastion. 

Lung,n.  Organ  of  respiration 
in  air-breathing  animals. 

Lunge,  n.    A  sudden  thrust. 

Lu'nil-lar,  )  a.  Shaped  like 

Lu'nii-late,  )     a  new  moon. 

Lu'pihe,  n.  A  plant  with 
sho\iy  flowers. 

Lurch,  n.  A  sudden  roll  of  a 
ship  ;  deserted  condition.  — 


fl6n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  to^ ;  firn,  rjje,  piill ;  9,     soft;  e,  g,  hard;     ;  exist ; 


LUXURIOUSLY 

V.  i.  To  roll  to  one  sidej 
to  dodge  ;  to  play  tricks. 

Lure,  n.  That  which  allures. 
—  V.  t.  To  entice ;  to  attract. 

Lu'rid,  a.    Gloomy  ;  dismal. 

Lfirk,  V.  t.  To  he  close  or  oufc 
of  sight.  [place. 

Lurk'ing-plage,  n.  A  hiding* 

Lus'cioiis  {lQsh/us),a.  Sweet 
or  rich,  so  as  to  cloy. 

Lust,  n.  Carnal  appetite.  — 
V.  i.  To  desire  eagerly  or 
improperly. 

Liis'ter  I  (29),  n.  Brightness ; 

Lus'tre  )     a  kind  of  lamp. 

Lust'ful,  a.  Having  irregular 
or  evil  desires.  [ly. 

Lust'i-ly,  adv.  Stoutly  ;  bold- 

Lus'tral,  a.  Used  in,  or  per- 
taining to,  purification. 

Lus'trate,  v.t.  To  purify. 

Lus-tra'tion,  n.  Purification. 

Liis'tring,  n.  A  kind  of  glossy 
silk  cloth. 

Lus'trous,  a.  Bright;  shin- 
ing ;  luminous. 

Lust'y,  a.  Able  of  body  ;  full 
of  vigor  ;  hearty ;  robust. 

Lute,  n.  Instru- 
ment of  music ; 
a  composition  re- 
sembling clay. 

Lute'string,  n.' 
String  of  a  lute  ; 
a  plain,  stout 
kind  of  silk. 

Lu^ther-an,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Luther.  [dow. 

Lii'them,  n.    A  dormer- win- 

Liix'ate,  v.  t.   To  dislocate. 

Lux-a'tion,  n.  Dislocation  of 
a  joint. 

Lux-u'ri-ange  (lugz-yy'-  or 
luks-yi;-'-),  n.  Rank'^or  vig- 
orous growth ;  exuberance. 

Lux-u'ri-ant  (lugz-yij'^-  or 
luks-yy/-),  a.  Exuberant  in 
growth. 

Lux-u'ri-ate  (lugz-yij^-  or 
luks-yi)/-),  V.  i.  To  grow  ex- 
uberantly ;  to  live  luxurious- 
ly ;  to  delight  exceedingly. 

Lux-u'ri-oiis  (lugz-yij/-  or 
luks-yii/-),  a.  Given  to  lux- 
ury ;  voluptuous. 

Lux-u'ri-ous-ly  (lugz-  or 
Inks-),  adv.  Voluptuously  ; 
exuberantly. 


Q  as  Dg ;  tiiis. 


LUXURY 

Lux'u-ry  {l«k/shi]-ry),  n,  ' 
Excess  in  eating,  or  dress, 
&c. — Syn.  Yoluptuous- 
ness  ;  effeminacy  ;  sensual- 
ity ;  delicacy. 

Ly-Qe'um,  n.  An  association 
for  litei-ary  improvement,  or 
the  place  where  it  meets  ;  a 
seminary. 


1G2 

Lye,  n.  A  solution  of  alkaline 
salt. 

Lymph,  n.  A  certain  color- 
less animal  fluid. 

Lym-phat'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  lymph.  —  n.  A  vein-like 
vessel,  in  vertebrate  ani- 
mals, containing  a  trans- 
parent fluid. 


MAGNIFIEil 

L^nx,  n,     A  wild  animal, 

much  like  a  cat. 
Lyre,  n.  A  stringed  ' 

instrument  of  mu- 


Lyr'i-e,  )  a.  Per- 
Lyr'i-e-al, )  taining 

to  a  lyre,  —  n. 

song. 


Lyre. 


M. 


MA-G-AD'AM-IZE,  v.  t. 
To  form  or  cover,  as  a 
road,  with  small,  broken 
stones. 

Ma-C''a-ro'ni,  n.  A  food  made 
of  paste  ;  a  fop  ;  an  exqui- 
site. 

Ma,€^a-r6n'i€,n.  Relating  to, 

or  like,  a  macaroni. 
Ma€'€a-boy,    n.  Rose-fla- 
vored snuff. 
Ma-eaw',  n.  A 
bird'allied  to  the 
parrots. 
Mage,  n.    An  en- 
sign of  authori- 
ty ;  a  kind  of 
spice. 
MaQ'er-ate,  r.  t. 

lean  ;  to  steep  till  very  soft. 
MaQ^cr-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 
Eialdng  lean,  or  of  steeping 
till  very  soft.  [to  plot. 

Ma-ch'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  plan ; 
Ma-eh^i-naaion,  n.  A  hos- 
tile or  treacherous  scheme. 
—  Syn.  Plot ;  contrivance  ; 
strjitagem  ;  intrigue. 
Ma-Qhine'  (-shcenO,  An 
engine ;  a  piece  of  mechan- 
ism. 

Ma-ghin'er-y,  n.  Works  of  a 
machine ;  machines  collect- 
ively, [of  machines. 

Ma-Qhm'ist,n.  A  constructor 

Mack'cr-el,  «.  A  sea-fish 
much  used  for  food. 

Mri'-cro-€6§m,  or  MS,€'-cro- 
■C6§m,ri.    The  universie. 

M^d,  n.  Disordered;  crazy  ; 
enraged;  angry. 


Mad 'am,  n.  A  form  of  ad- 
dress to  a  lady. 
Mad'-eap,  n.  A  rash,  hot- 
headed fellow.  [come  bad. 
Mad'den,  v.  To  make  or  be- 
Mad'der,  n.  A  plant  used  for 

dyeing  red. 
Made_,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Make. 
Ma-dei'ra  {or  -da/ra),  n.  A 

wine  made  in  Madeira. 
Mad'house,  n.      A  house 
where  crazy  persons  are  con- 
lined. 

Mad'ly ,  adv.  In  a  mad  way. 
MS,d'man,n.  An  insaneman. 
Mad'ness,  n.  State  of  being 

mad  ;  extreme  folly. 
Ma-don'na,  71.    The  Tirgin 
Mary  or  her  picture,  [corals. 
Mad're-pore,  n.  A  genus  of 
Mad'ri-gal,  n.   An  elaborate 
vocal  composition  in  parts. 
Mag-a-zine'  (-zeen^,  n.  A 
storehouse ;  a  pamphlet  pe- 
riodically published. 
Mag'got,  n.    A  worm  from 

wliich  a  fly  is  produced. 
Mag'got-y,  ff.   I'ull  of  mag- 
gots ;  whimsical. 
Ma'gi,  n.  pi.     Eastern  phi- 
losophers. 
Ma'gi-an,  n.     An  Eastern 

philosopher  or  sage. 
Mag'i€  (5),  n.  A  dealing  with 
spirits  ;  ench.antment  ;  sor- 
cery ;  witchcraft. 
Mag'i-e,      )  a.  Pertaining  to, 
Mag'i€-al,  )       or  produced 

by,  magic. 
Ma-gi'cian  (-jish/an),  n.  One 
skilled  in  magic. 


Ma^'is-te'ri-al,  a.    Lofty ; 

authoritative ;  imperious. 
Mag/is-te'ri-al-ly,  adv.  With 

the  air  of  a  master. 
Mag'is-tra-gy,  n.  Oflice  of 
a  magistrate ;  a  body  of 
magistrates. 
M^g'is-trate,  rt.  One  invested 
with  power  as  a  pubUc  civil 
officer. 

Mag'na  -Ghar'ta  (kar'-). 
The  great  charter  of  English 
rights. 

Mag^na-mm'i-ty,  n.  Great- 
ness of  mind  ;  generosity. 
Mag-nan'i-mous,  a.  Great 

in  mind ;  of  lofty  spirit. 
Mag-nan'i-mous-ly,  adv. 

Nobl>;_;  bravely. 
Mag'nate,  n.  A  man  of  note 

or  distinction. 
Mag'net,  n.    The  loadstone, 

an  ore  which  attracts  iron. 
Mag-n6t'i€,      )  a.  Having 
Mag-nSt'i€-al,  )  the  proper- 
ties of  the  magnet ;  attract- 
ive. 

Mag'net-i§m,  n.  Properties 

of  the  magnet ;  attraction. 
Mag'net-ize,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
giA'o  or  receive  the  proper- 
ties of  the  magnet  ;  to  in- 
fluence or  be  influenced. 
Mag-nif'i€,  a.  Great ;  noble. 
Mag-nif'i-genge,  n.  Grand- 
eur. 

Mag-nif'i-cent,  «.  Splendid  ; 

grand  ;  imposing. 
Mag-nif'i-gent-ly,  adv.  In  a 

magnifioent  manner. 
Mag'ni-fi/er  (13),  n.  One 


5.c.I.6.G,y,ionff/ii,e,i,  6,G,y,5Aor^- care,car>k,all,wh5it;  6re,vsfl,tCrm;  piqiie,firm.- 


MAGNIFY 


1G3 


MANFULLY 


who,  or  that  which,  magni- 
fies. «  .[great. 
Ma,j'ni-fy,  v.  t.    To  make 
Ma^-nii'o-quenge,  n.  High- 
sounding  language. 
Ma^-nil'o-quent,  a.  Bom- 
bastic. 

Mag'ni-tude,  n.  Greatness 
of  sizo  or  importance.  — 
SYN.  Largeness  ;  bulk. 

Mag-no'li-a,  n.  A  tree  having 
large,  fragrant  flowers. 

Mag'pie,  n.  A  bird  allied  to 
tlie  crow. 

Ma-h6g'a-ny ,  n.  A  hard  wood 
of  a  reddish-brown  color. 

Ma-h6m'e-tan.  See  Moham- 
medan. 

Maid,  n.  A  young,  unmarried 
woman. 

Maid'en,  n.  A  young,  unmar- 
ried woman  ;  a  virgin.  —  a. 
Fresh  ;  pure  ;  virgin. 

Maid'en-hair,  n.  A  plant 
having  slender  stalks. 

Maid'en-ly,  a.  Modest. 

Maid'-sSrv'ant,  n.  A  serv- 
ant-girl. 

Mail,  n.  A  coat  of  steel ;  ar- 
mor ;  a  bag  for  conveying 
letters. — f.  i.  (18)  To  put 
in  the  mail ;  to  post ;  to  arm. 

Mail'-e5ach,  n.  A  coach  that 
conveys  a  mail,  [mutilate. 

Maim,  v,  t.    To  disable  ;  to 

Main,  a.  Chief ;  principal.  — 
n.  Strength  ;  chief  part  ; 
the  ocean  ;  continent. 

Main'-l^nd,  n,  A  continent. 

Main'ly,  adv.  Chiefly  ;  prin- 
cipally ;  greatly,  [a  vessel. 
•  Main'mast,  n.  Chief  mast  in 

Main'sail,  n.  Principal  sail. 

Main-tain',  v.  t.  To  keep  ; 
to  preserve  ;  to  support  with 
food  ;  to  uphold. 

Main'te-nange,  n.  Support. 

Maize,  n.  Indian  corn. 

Ma-jes'ti-e,     )  a.    Stately  ; 

Ma-ies'ti€-al, )  august. 

Maj'es-ty,  n.  Exalted  dig- 
nity ;  grandeur ;  title  of  a 
king  or  queen. 

Ma'jor,  a.  Greater  :  elder.  — - 
n.  A  militai'y  officer  next 
above  a  captain. 

Ma/jor-do'mo,  n.  A  steward. 

Ma-jor'i-ty,  n.    The  greater 


number  ;  full  age  ;  rank  of  a  ; 
major.  j 

Make,  u.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
MADE.]  To  create  ;  to  pro-  i 
duce  ;  to  form  ;  to  compel  ;  ' 
to  cause  to  be;  to  gain.  — 
V.  i.  To  tend;  tocontribute  ;  i 
to  increase.  —  n.  Form  ;  ' 
structure.  [or  creates. 

Mak'er,  n.    One  who  forms 

Mal'a-ehite,  n.  A  beautiful 
ore  of  copper,  usually  green. 

MiPad-min/is-tra'tion,  71.  | 
Uad  managemeijt  of  alTairs.  I 

MaPa-dy,  n.  Sickness  ;  dis-  j 
ease  ;  bodily  ailment. 

Mal'a-pert,  a.  Bold  ;  saucy. 

Ma-la'ri-a,  n.  Noxious  ex- 
halation, [tented. 

Ma?€on-tSnt'',  a.  Discon- 

Malc,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
male  sex.  —  71.  One  of  the 
sex  that  begets  young. 

MaPe-di^'tion,  n.  A  curse. 

Mal'e-f3,€'tor,  n.  One  guilty 
of  a  crime  ;  a  felon  ;  a  con- 
vict. 

Ma-lev'o-lenge,  n.  Ill-will. 
Ma-lev'o-lent,  a.  Ill-dis- 
posed. 

Mal-fea'§ange,  n.  Evil  doing. 

Miil'ige,  n.  Unprovoked  spite. 

Ma-li'cious  (-UslVus),  a.  111- 
dispo^^ed. 

Ma-li'cious-ly  (-llsh/us-), 
adv.   AVith  malice. 

Ma-lign'  (-lin^),  v.  t.  To  tra- 
duce ;  to  slander  ;  to  vilify. 
—  a.  Malicious. 

Ma-lig'nan-gy,  n.  Malice  ; 
malevolence  ;  virulence. 

Ma-lig'nant,  a.  Malicious  ; 
dangerous  to  Ufe. 

Ma-lig'ni-ty,  w.  Extreme  or 
virulent  enmity  ;  malice. 

Mal'i-§on  (-zn),  71.  Curse. 

Mall  (1),  n.  A  kind  of  ham- 
mer. —  V.  t.  To  beat  with 
something  heav}^. 

Mall(mal),  n.  A  ptiblic  walk. 

Mal^'Ie-a-bil'l-ty,  n.  Suscep- 
tibility of  extension  by  beat- 
ing. 

Mal'le-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  extended  by  Iseating. 

Mai'let,  n.  A  kind  of  ^Yooden 
hammer. 

Mal'15w,  n.  A  plant. 


Malm'sey  (m-im-'zy-),  A 
sort  of  grape  and  wine. 

Mal-pra€'tice,  n.  Profession- 
al miaconduct  of  a  physi- 
cian. 

Malt,  n.  Grain  steeped  and 
dried  for  use  in  brewing.  — • 
V.  i.   To  become  malt. 

Mal-treat',  v.  t.  To  treat  ill. 

Mal-treat'ment,  n.  Ill-treat- 
ment ;  abuse.  [duct. 

MaPver-sa'tion,  n.  Evil  con- 

Mam-raa',  n.  Mother  ;  a 
word  used  by  children. 

Mam'mal,  n.  An  animal 
that  suckles  its  young. 

Mam-mif'er-ous,  a.  Nourish- 
ing by  breasts. 

Mam'mil-la-ry,  a.  Belonging 
to  t!ie  breasts.  [wealth. 

Mam'raon,    n.        lliches ; 

Mam'mcth,  n.  A  huge  quad- 
ruped now  extinct. 

Man  (21),  n.  The  human 
race  ;  an  adult  male.  —  v.  t. 
To  furnish  wi^h  men. 

Man'a-ele,  v.  t.  To  shackle 
the  hands  of. 

Man'a-ele§,  n.  pi.  Shjvckles 
for  the  hands  ;  handcuffs. 

Man'age,  v.  t.  To  conduct ; 
to  transact  ;  to  liu.'-band.  — 
V.  i.    To  direct  affairs. 

Man'age-a-ble  (11),  a.  Ca- 
pa})le  of  being  managed. 

Man'age-ment,  n.  Conduct 

Man'a-gcr,  n.  A  conductor  ; 
an  economist.  [writ. 

Man-da'mus,  n.    A  kind  of 

Man'da-rin,  n.  A  Chinese 
public  officer.  [command. 

Man'date,  n.     An  ofucial 

Man'da-to-ry,  a.  Containing 
a  command.       [lower  jaw. 

Man'cli-ble,  n.    The  jaw  or 

Man'drel,  n.  A  turner's  in- 
strument. 

Mane  (18),  71.  Long  hair  on 
the  neck  of  a  beast. 

Ma-nege'(raa-nuzh''),  w.  Art 
of  horsemanship.  [souls. 

Ma'ne|,  11.  pi.  Departed 

Ma-neu_'ver  I  (29),  n.  Evolu- 

Ma-nceu'vre  j  tion  ;  strata- 
gem.—  7*.  t.  To  manage 
with  address.  [stout. 

Man'fnl,  a.     Bold  ;    brave  ; 

Man'ful-b/,  adv.  Like  a  man. 


Bon,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tcTok ;  (irn,  r}je,  pyll ;  p,  ^,  sqft ,  €,  g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  c  as  ng  ;  this. 


MANGANESE 


164  MARQUETRY 


Maij^ga-ne§e',  n.  A  yery 
hard  and  refractory  metal. 

Mange,  n.  The  itch  on  cattle. 

Mah'gel-wtar/zel,  n.  A  plant 
of  the  beet  kind. 

Man'ger,  n.  An  eating- 
trough  for  cattle. 

Man'gle,  v.t.  To  cut  roughly 
or'coarsely  ;  to  mutilate ;  to 
smooth,  as  linen. — n.  Acal- 
ender  for  smoothing  linen. 

Man'go  (18),  n.  A  pickled 
muskmelon.  [tree. 

Man'grove,  n.     A  tropical 

Man'gy,  a.  Scabby,  as  a  beast. 

M3.n'hdbd,n.  Adult  years  in 

Ma'ni-a,  n.    Madness,  [men. 

Ma'ni-a€  (5),  n.  A  madman. 

Ma-nl'a-e-al,  a.  Raving  ;  mad. 

Man'i-fest,  a.  Not  concealed, 
obscure,  or  difficult.  —  Syn. 
Clear  ;  plain  ;  obvious.  — 
V.  t.  ,  To  make  kno\vn.  —  n. 
An  invoice  of  a  cargo. 

Man-i/fes-ta'tion,  a.  Exhi- 
bition ;  display ;  revelation. 

Man'i-fes*- ly,  at/f.  Evident- 
ly ;  clrarly. 

Man'i-fesao,  n.  (pL  Man'i- 
ifis'toes,  18.)  A  public  dec- 
laration. 

M^n'i-faid,  a.  Many;  diverse. 

M3,n'i-kin,  n.  A  dwarf ;  a 
model  of  a  man. 

Ma'ni-6€,  n.  The  plant  from 
which  tapioca  is  made. 

Ma-n]^'u-late  ,v.t.  To  t^^eat 
or  labor  with  the  hands. 

Ma-mp/u-la'tion,n.  Manual 
operation.  [race. 

Man-kind',  n.     Th«  human 

Man'li-ness,  ».  QuaUty  of 
being  manly. 

M^n'ly,  a.  ilaring  the  attri- 
butes of  a  man  ;  brave. 

Man'na,  n.  A  sweetish  secre- 
tion from  many  trees. 

Man'ner,  n.  Form  ;  way  ; 
mode  ;  air  or  mien.  —  pL 
deportment. 

Man'ner-ism,  n.  Studied 
uniformity  of  manner. 

Man'ner-ly,  a.  Civil ;  decent. 

Ma-noeu'vre  (ma-nu/ver). 

^^e(i  Maneuver.  [sel. 
Man'-of-war',  n.  A  war  ves- 
Man'or,  n.  "A  lord's  estate  in 
lands. 


Ma-no'rl-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  ; 
a  manor.  I 

Manse,  a.  A  parsonage- 
house  ;  a  farm,    [ing-house.  i 

Man'sion,  n.    A  large  dwell- 

Man'slaugh-ter  (-siaw-),  n. 
The  killing  of  a  person  in 
passion,  without  malice. 

Man'tel,  n.  The  piece  of  tim- 
ber dr  stone  over  the  fire- 
pl^e.        [worn  by  women. 

Man^te-let',  n.  A  small  cloak 

Man-til'la  (18),  n.  A  light 
covering  to  throw  over  a 
lady's  dress. 

Man'tle,  w.  A  loose  garment 
or  cloak  ;  a  cover.  —  v.  To 
cloak  ;  to  cover  ;  to  suffuse. 

Manau-a  (or  mSn^tu),  n.  A 
woman's  gown. 

Ma,n'tua-mak'er  (mSn^'tu-), 
n.  ^A.  'dress-maker. 

Man'u-al,  a.  Performed  by 
thb  l^and.  —  n.  A  small 
book. 

Man'u-fa€'to-ry,  n.  A  place 
where  goods  are  made. 

Maiyu-fa€t'ure,  n.  Any 
thing  made  by  the  hand  or 
by  machinery. — v.  t.  To 
form  by  the  hand  or  by  art 
into  forms  convenient  for 
use.      [who  manufactures. 

Man''u-f3,€t'ur-er,  n.  One 

Man/u-mis'sion  (-mish/un), 
Act  of  freeing  slaves. 

Man'^-init',  v.  t.  To  release 
from  slavery. 

Ma-nure',  n.  Any  thing  that 
fertilizes  land. — v.  t.  To 
apply  fertilizing  substances 
to.         [ing  done  by  hand. 

Man'iys-eript,  n.    Any  writ- 

Ma'ny  (men/j-^),  a.  Numer- 
ous/—  n.  A  great  number. 

M^lp/n.  A  delineation  of  the 
earth  or  any  part  of  it.  — 
v.t.  To  draw  or  delineate. 

Ma'ple,  n.  A  certain  tree. 

Mar  (7),  v.  t.  To  hurt;  to 
impair. 

Mar/a-n&th'a,  or  Mar^a- 
na'tha,  n.    A  curse. 

Ma-rS,§'mus,  n.  A  wasting 
of  flesh  without  fuver. 

Ma-raud',  v.  i.  To  rove  for 
plunder. 

Ma-raud'er,  n.  A  plunderer. 


Mar'ble,  n.  A  kind  of  calca- 
reous stone,  or  any  thing 
made  of  it.  —  v.  t.  To  >eia 
or  variegate  like  marble. 

March,  n.  The  third  month 
of  tlie  year  ;  regulated  ujove- 
meut  of  troops ;  a  proces- 
sion. —  f.  i.  To  move  in 
military  order.  [confines. 

March'eg,  n.  pi.  Border?; 

Mar^h'ion-ess  (mar^shun-) 
n.    The  wife  of  a  marquis. 

Mare,  n.  Female  of  the  horse. 

Mar'gin,n.  An  edge ;  border. 

Mar'gin-al,  a.  Placed  in  the 
margin. 

Mar^i-gdld,  n.  A  plant  hav- 
ing a  yellow  flower. 

Ma-r'ine',  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  sea.  —  n.  A  soldier  do- 
ing duty  in  a  ship  ;  the  navy; 
shipping. 

M^r'i-ner,  n.  A  seaman  ;  a 
sailor.  [husband. 

Mar'i-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 

Mar'i-time,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  sea  ;  marine;  nautical. 

Mar'jo-ram,  n.   A  plant. 

Mark,  n.  A  coin  ;  a  token  ; 
indication;  note.  —  v.  t.  To 
draw  a  mark  upon  ;  to  write 
on ;  to  note  ;  to  observe. 

Mark'et,  n.  A  place  or  time 
of  sale;  emporium. — v.  i. 
(8)  To  deal  in  market. 

Mark'et-a-ble,  a.  Fit  for 
market  or  sale. 

Miirks'man  (21),  n.  A  man 
skillful  in  shooting. 

Marl,  p.    A  species  of  earth. 

Marl'y,  a.  C<msisting  in, 
like,  or  abounding  with, 
marl.  [two  strands. 

Mar'lme,  n.  A  small  line  of 

Mar'ma-lade,  n.  A  prt^crve 
made  of  quinces,  or  apples, 
&c., boiled  with  sugar. 

Mar-mo're-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  marble.  [monkey. 

Mar'mo-sSt',  n.    A  kind  of 

Ma-roon'",  n.  A  free  black  on 
the  West  India  niountLiins. 

Marque  (mark),n.  A  license 
to  make  reprisal  at  fca  on 
an  enemy.  [field-tent. 

Mar-quee'  (-kS/),  n.    A  largo 

Mar'quet-ry  (-ket-),  n.  In- 
laid work  of  shells,  &c. 


&,  e,  I,  0,  u,  y ,  long  /  fl,  g,  1, 6,  tt,     short ;  cSre,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  Gre,  VfiU,  term ;  pVquo,  firm  ] 


I 


MARQUIS 


165 


MATRON 


Mar'quis  (-kwis),  n.  A  title 
of  uobility. 

Mar'quis-ate,  n.  Dignity  or 
lordship  of  a  marquis. 

Mar'riage  (niilr/rij),  n.  State 
or  condition  of  being  mar- 
ried. —  S  VN.  Matrimony. 

Mir'riage-a-ble  ( 11),  a.  Of 
a  fit  age  to  be  married. 

Mir'row,  n.  A  soft  substance 
in  booes  ;  essence  of  a  thing. 

Mar'row-fat,  n.  A  large,  de- 
licious pea. 

Mar'ry,  r.  To  join  or  be 
joined  in  wedlock. 

Marsh  (18),  n.  Low,  wet 
ground. 

Miir'shal,  n.  Chief  military 
commander ;  a  civil  officer  ; 
one  ^^'ho  directs  processions  ; 
&c. — v\  t.  (8)  To  arrange 
in  due  order. 

Marsh'y,  a.    Wet  ;  boggy. 

Mart,  n.  A  place  of  public 
sale;  market;  emporium. 

Mar'ten,  n.  An  animal  allied 
to  the  weasel ;  a  martin. 

Mar'tial,  a.    Warlike  ;  bold. 

Mar'tin,  n.  A  bird  of  the 
swallow  kind,  [ciplinarian. 

Mar'ti-net,  n.    A  strict  dis- 

Mar'tin-mas  (17),  n.  Festi- 
val of  St.  Martin,  Nov.  11. 

Mar'tin-gal,  n.  A  strap  to 
hold  down  the  head  of  a 
horse. 

Mart'let,  n.    A  martin. 
Mar'tyr,  n.    One  who  is  put 

to  death  for  the  truth. — 

V.  t.   To  make  a  martyr  of ; 

to  torment.  [of  a  martyr. 
Mar'tyr-dom,  n.  The  death 
Mar-'tyr-dl'o-^lst,  n.  An 

historian  of  martyrs. 
Mar'tyr-6i'o-gy,?i.  History 

of  martyrs. 
Mar'vel(8),  v.  i.  Tobestru"ck 

with  surprise ;  to  wonder.  — 

n.  A  wonder  ;  a  prodigy. 
Mar'vel-ous,  a.  Wonderful. 
Mas'-eu-line,  a.    Male  ;  like 

a  man  ;  not  effeminate. 
M3,sh,  n.      A  mixture  of 

things ;  bran  and  water.  — 

V.  t.  To  bruise  into  a  soft 

mass ;  to  crush. 
Mask,  71.    A  cover  for  the 

face.  —  V.  t.    To  disguise. 


MS,§'lin,  n.  Different  sorts  of 
grain  mixed. 

Ma'son  (ma^sn),  n.  An  artif- 
icer in  bricks  and  stone. 

Ma-s6n'i-c,  a.  Pertaining  to 
masonry. 

Ma'son-ry,  n.  Work  of  a 
mason  ;  craft  of  freemasons. 

Mas^quer-ade'  (-ker-),  n.  A 
nocturnal  assembly  of  per- 
sons in  disguise.  — v.  i.  To 
assemble  in  masks. 

Mass  (2),  n.  A  lump  ;  an  as- 
semblage ;  bulk  ;  a  Roman 
Catholic  service. 

Mas'sa-ere(-ker,29),n.  Pro- 
miscuous slaugliter. — v.  t. 
To  kill  promiscuously  or 
with  cruelty. 

Mass'i-ness,     )  n.     Bulk  ; 

Mass'ive-ness,  j  ponder- 
ousuess. 

Mass'ive, )  a.  Bulky  ;  heavy  ; 

Mass'y,    j  ponderous. 

Mast,  n.  An  upright  pole  or 
timber  for  sails,  &c.,  in  a 
vessel ;  nuts  ;  acorns. 

Mas'ter,  n.  A  ruler  ;  a  su- 
perior ;  a  proprietor ;  a 
teacher;  a  chief. — v.  t.  To 
cotfquer ;  to  subdue. 

Mas'ter-key  (-k3),  n.  A  key 
that  opens  many  locks. 

Mas'ter-ly,  a.  Becoming  a 
master ;  most  excellent. 

Mas'ter-piege,  n.  A  capital 
performance. 

Mas'ter-y,  n.  Superiority. 
—  Syn.    Rule;  dominion. 

Mas'ti-eate,  v.  t.    To  chew. 

Mas/ti--ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
chewing. 

Mas'ti€,  n.  A  resin  from  a 
trea 

Mas'tiff,  n.  A 

large  variety 

of  dog. 
Mas'to-don,  n.  Mastiff. 

An  animal  resembling  the 

elephant,  now  extinct. 
Mat,  n.    A  texture  of  rushes, 

husks, straw,  &c.— -r.  t.  To 

weave  into  a  mat ;  to  twist 

together. 
Match  (18),  n.    A  contest ; 

an  equal ;  marriage  ;  some- 

thingt  to  take  fire.  —  r.  t. 

To  pair  ;  to  suit ;  to  marry. 


M3,tch'less,  a.  Having  no 
equal  ;  peerless  ;  unequaled. 

Match'ldck,  n.  A  muhket 
fired  by  means  of  a  match. 

Mate,n.  A  companion  ;  sec- 
ond officer  of  a  vessel. —  v.  t. 
To  match  ;  to  compete  with. 

Ma-te'ri-al,  a.  Consisting  of 
matter ;  bodily  ;  of  conse- 
quence ;  weighty. —  n.  Sub- 
stance of  which  any  thing 
is  m_ade.      [of  materialists. 

Ma-te'ri-al-ism.  n.  Doctrine 

Ma-te'ri-al-ist,  n.  One  who 
denies  the  existence  of  spir- 
itual substances. 

Ma-te''ri-5,l'i-ty,  n.  Material 
existence. 

Ma-te'ri-al-ly,  adv.  In  a 
state  of  matter  ;  essentially. 

Ma-ter'iial,  a.  Motherly. 

Ma-ter'ni-ty,  n.  Character, 
or  relation,  of  a  mother. 

M^th^e-mafic,     )  a.  Kelat- 

Math/e-mS-fi-c-al,  )  ing  or 
according  to  mathematics. 

Math''e-mat'i€-al-ly,  adv. 
By  mathematics. 

M^th/e-ma-ti'cian  (-tish'- 
an),  n.  One  versed  in 
mathematics. 

Math^e-m^t'i-es,  n.  sivg. 
The  science  of  quantity  or 
of  magnitude  and  number. 

M3,t'in,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
morning. 

M2,t'in|,  n.  pi.  Morning 
worship  or  service,  [vessel. 

M5,t'rass,    n.     A  chemical 

Ma'trige,  or  MSfrige,  n.  A 
mold  for  castings.  [mold. 

Ma'trix,  n.    The  womb  ;  a 

Mat'ri-Qide,  n.  The  murder 
or  murderer  of  a  mother. 

Ma-tri-e'u-late,  v.  t.  To  ad- 
mit to  membership,  as  in  a 
college. 

Ma-tri€'u-late,  n.  One  en- 
tered in  a  college,  &c. 

Ma-tri-c'u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
admitting  to  membership, 

Mat^ri-mo'ni-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  marriage ;  connubial. 

Mat'ri-mo-ny,  n.  Marriage ; 
wedlock  ;  the  nuptial  state. 

Ma'trcn,  n.  An  elderly  v.-cm- 
an  ;  a  wife  ;  a  nurse  in  a  hos- 
pital. 


s^n,  or,  dQ,  w61f,  tob,  tdbk  ;  Urn,  rjje,  pi^Ul ;  p,     soft;  <5,  g,  hard;  as  ;  ejist ;  q  as  ng  ;  tiiis. 


MATRONAL 


166 


MEDITATE 


Mat'ron-al,  or  Ma'tron-al, 

a.  Grave  ;  motherly. 

Ma'tron-ly,  a.  Becoming  a 
wife  or  matron. 

Mat'ter,  n.  Substance  of 
which  bodies  are  constitut- 
ed ;  pus  ;  subject ;  affair.  — 
v.  i.  To  be  of  importance. 

MS-t'ting,  n.  A  texture  of 
rushes,  straw,  &c.  ;  mate- 
rials for  mats. 

Mat'tock  (5),  n.  A  kind  of 
pick-ax. 

Mat 'tress,  n.  A  bed  stuffed 
with  hair,  husks,  or  the 
hke. 

M^t'u-rate,  v.    To  ripen. 

MciVu-ra'tion,  n.  A  ripening. 

Ma-ture',  a.  Ripe;  fuU- 
grow^n  ;  well  digested.  — v.  t. 
To  briiig  to  perfection;  to 
consider  well. 

Ma-ture'ly,  adv.  With  ripe- 
ness ;  completely. 

Ma-tu'ri-ty,  n.  A  mature 
state ;  ripeness. 

Maud'lin,  a.  Fuddled  ;  sick- 
ly sentimental. 

Maul,n.  A  wooden  hammer. 
—  V.  t.  To  beat  and  bruise. 

Maund'er,  or  Maund'er, 
V.  i.    To  mutter ;  to  beg. 

Mau^so-le'um,  n.  A  magnifi- 
cent tomb  or  monument. 

Ma'vis,  n.  The  throstle  or 
song-thrush. 

Maw,  n.  Stomach  of  a  beast. 

Mawk'ish,  a.  Apt  to  cause 
satiety  and  loathing. 

Max'il-lar,     I  a.  Pertain- 

Max'il-la-ry,  j  ing  to  the 
jaw. 

Max'im,  n.    An  established 

principle ;  an  axiom. 
MS-x'i-mum,  n.  The  greatest 

quantity  or  value  attainable 

in  a  given  case. 
May,    n.    The  fifth  month 

of  the  year.  — r.  mix.  [imp. 

MIGHT.]    To  be  possible  ; 

to  be  able  ;  to  have  license. 
May'- day,  n.   The  first  day 

of  May. 
May'or   {colloq.    mar),  n. 

Chief  magistrate  of  a  city 

or  borougli. 
May'or-al-ty  [colloq.  mar^al- 

ty),  n.  Office  of  a  mayor. 


May'or-ess  {colloq.  mSr^es), 

71.    Wife  of  a  mayor. 
Maz''a-r'ine',  n.  A  deep  blue 
color.  [black  cherry. 

Maz'ard,  n.  A  kind  of  small, 

Maze  (18),  n.  A  labyrinth; 
astonishment. — v.  t.  To 
bewilder. 

Ma'zy,  a.  Perplexed  with 
turns  and  windings,     [of  /. 

Me,  pron.      Objective  case 

Mead,  n.  A  liquor  composed 
of  honey  and  water  ;  a 
meadow.  [grass  land. 

Mead'oWj^n.    Low  or  level 

Mea'ger  t){29),   a.  *  Lean  ; 

Mea'^re  j    thin  ;  poor. 

Meal,  n.  Grain  ground  to 
powder ;  food  taken  at  once. 

Meal'y,  n.  llesembling  meal. 

Mean,  a.  Low  ;  base ;  aver- 
age. —  n.  A  middle  point ; 
place,  rate,  or  degree. 

Means,  n.  pi.  Medium  ;  in- 
strument ;  income. 

Mean-^  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
MEANT.]  To  intend  ;  to 
design  ;  to  have  in  view ;  to 
purpose  ;  to  signify. 

Me-an'der,  n.  A  winding 
course.  —  v.  i.  (8)  To  run 
in  windings. 

Mean 'ing,  n.  Intention  ; 
sigriification.  [nity. 

Mean'ly,  adv.   Without  dig- 

Mean'ness,  n.  Lowness  ; 
sordidness ;  baseness. 

Meant,  imp.  Si,  p.  p.  of  Mean. 

ikcah'time,   ]adv.    In  the 

Mean'while,  j  intervening 
time,  [measles. 

Mea'gly,  a.     Infected  with 

Mea'Bles  (me^zlz),  n.  An 
eruptive  disease. 

Mea§'ur-a-ble  (mezh/ur-), 
a.  Capable  of  being  meas- 
ured. 

MSag'ure  (mSzh/ur),  n.  That 
which  measures  ;  extent  ; 
time  in  music  ;  limit  ;  de- 
gree ;  meter  ;  means  to  an 
end.  —  V.  t.  To  ascertain 
the  extent  or  quantity  of. 

Mea§'ure-ment,  n.  Act  of 
measuring  ;  dimensions. 

Meat,  n.  Flesh  for  food  ; 
food  in  general. 

Me-€hS,n'i<;,  n.    An  artisan. 


M6-<jh5,n'i€,  )  a.  Per- 
Me-chan'i-e-al,  j  taining 

to  machines  ;     acting  by 

physical  power. 
Me-€han'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  By 

physical  force  or  power. 
Me^h^a-ni'dan  (-nish^an), 

n.  One  skilled  in  mechanics. 
Me-ehan'i-es,  n.  sing.  The 

science  that  treats  of  the 

laws  of  motion  and  force. 
Meeh'an-ism,  n.  Structure 

or  parts  of  a  machine. 
Me€h'an-ist,  n.    One  skilled 

in  machines.  [device. 
Med'al,  n.  A  coin  with  a 
Med'al-ist  I  (8j,  n.  Ono 
Med'al-list  J       skilled,  in 

medals. 

Me-dal'lion  (-yun),  n.  A 
large  medal  ;  a  circular  tab- 
let on  which  figures  are 
embossed.        [to  interfere. 

Med'dle,  v.  i.    To  interpose; 

Med'dler,  n.    A  busybody. 

Med'dle-some,  a.  Apt  to 
meddle.     [the  middle  ages. 

Me^di-ae'val,  a.    Relating  to 

Me'di-al,  a.   Noting  average. 

Me'di-ate,  v.i.  To  interpose. 

Me'di-ate,  a.  Middle. 

Me'di-ate-ly,  adv.  By  a 
secondary  cause. 

Me^di-a'tion,  n.  Agency  be- 
tween parties.  —  Syn.  In- 
terposition ;  intercession. 

Me'di-a'tor,  n.  One  who 
mediates ;  an  intercessor. 

Me^di-a-te'ri-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  mediator  or  to  me- 
diation. 

Med'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
medicine,  or  to  the  art  of 
healing.  [ical  manner. 

Med'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  Inamed- 

MSd'i-ea  ment,  n.  A  heal- 
ing application ;  medicine. 

Med'i-€ate,  v.  t.  To  tincture 
with  medicines. 

Me-diQ'i-nal,  a.  Healing; 
curative.  [medicine. 

Me-dig'i-nal-ly,  adv.  By 

Med'i-Qine,  n.  Any  thing 
that  cures  ;  a  remedy. 

Me'di-6€'ri-ty,  n.  Middle 
state ;  moderate  degree. 

M6d'i-tate,  r.  To  think;  to 
muse ;  to  contemplate. 


a,  C,  1, 0,  u,  y,  long;  a,  6,  i,  5,  ti, y,  short ;  care,  car,  ^sk,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


MEDITATION 


167 


MERMAID 


Mgd^i-ta'tion,  w.  Contem- 
plation ;  continued  thought. 

Med'i-ta-tive,  a.  Given  to 
contemplation  ;  thoughtful.^ 

Me'di-ura,  n.  {pi.  Me'di-aor 
Me'di-um§,  25.)  A  means 
or  instrument. 

Med'lar,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
fruit.  [miscellany. 

Med'ley,  n.    A  mixture;  a 

Me-dul'lar,     ( a.  Consist- 

M3d'ul-la-ry,  )  ing  of  mar- 
row, or  like  it.  [pense. 

Meed,»i.     A  reward  ;  recom- 

Meek,  a.    Mild ;  soft ;  gentle. 

Meer'SQhaum  (-shawm),  n. 
A  kind  of  line  white  clay ,  or 
a  pipe  made  of  it. 

Meet,  f.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  Sep.  p. 
MET.]  To  come  together; 
to  join. — a.  Fit;  suitable. 

Meet'ing,  n.  An  assembly  ; 
an  interview. 

Meet'ing-house,  n.  A  place 
of  worship  (in  England,  for 
dissenters). 

Meet'ly,  adv.    Fitly  ;  duly. 

MePan-eh61'i-e,  a.  Melan- 
choly. 

Mel'an-ehol-y,  a.  Dejected ; 
gloomy. — n.  Dejection  of 
spirits ;  a  gloomy  state  of 
mind. 

Mel'ior-ate  (mel/yor-),  v.  t. 
To  make  better.  [ment. 

MePior-a'tion,  n.  Improve- 

Mel-lif'lu-enQe,n.  A  sweet, 
smooth  flow. 

Mel-lif  lu-ent,  )  a.  Sweetly 

Mel-lif'lu-ous,  )  flowing. 

Mel'low,  a.  Soft  with  ripe- 
ness. —  V.  t.  or  i.  To  ripen 
to  softness.  [ripeness. 

Mel'low-ness,  n.  Softness; 

Me-15'di-ous,  a.  Musical ; 
agreeable  to  the  ear. 

Mel'o-drame,  n.  A  sensa- 
tional play  with  songs  inter- 
mixed,     [for  effect  merely. 

Mel'o-dra-mat'i€,  a.  Done 

Mel'o-dy,  n.  Aw  agreeable 
succession  of  single  tones. 

Mel'on,  n.  A  plant,  and  its 
fruit,  which  is  eaten  raw. 

Melt,  V.  t.ov  i.  To  dissolve  ; 
to  becom.e  liquid. 

Mem'ber,  n.  A  limb  of  the 
body  ;  one  of  a  society. 


Mgm'ber-ship,  n.  The  state 
of  being  a  member. 

Mem/bra-na'ceous,  a.  Con- 
sisting of  membranes, 

Mem'brane,  n.  A  thin  tis- 
sue, or  kind  of  skin. 

Mem'bra-nous,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  a  membrane. 

Me-men'to,  n.  (pi.  Me- 
men'toeg,  18.)  That  which 
reminds ;  a  memorial. 

Mfem'oir  (mem^wor  or  me^- 
mwor),  n.  A  written  ac- 
count or  history  ;  a  biogra- 
phy ;  a  record  of  investiga- 
tions, [remembrance. 

M6nl'o-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 

Mem/o-ran'dum,  n.  (pi. 
-dums,  or  -da.)  A  note  or 
record' to  help  the  memory. 

Me-rao'ri-al,  a.  Preserving 
remembrance.  —  n.  That 
which  preserves  remem- 
brance ;  statement  with  pe- 
tition. 

Me-m5'ri-al-ist,  n.  One  who 

presents  a  memorial. 
Me-m5'ri-al-ize,  v.  t.  To 

present  a  memorial  to. 
Mem'o-rize  (31),  v.  t.  To 

cause  to  be  remembered. 
Mem'o-ry,  n.     The  faculty 

by  which  ideas  are  retained 

in  the  mind ;  recollection  ; 

remembrance. 
Men,  pi.  of  Man. 
Men'age,  v.  t.    To  threaten. 

—  n.  A  threat. 
Men-ag'er-ie  (men-Szh^-),  n. 

A  collection  of  animals. 
Mend  ,v.  t.  or  i.     To  repair ; 

to  correct;  to  improve. 
Men-da'cious,  a.    Given  to 

deception;  lying;  false. 
Men-dag'i-ty,  n.  A  habit  of 

lying ;  a  lie. 
M6n'di-€an-gy, )  n.  State  of 
Men-diQ'i-ty,     )  beggary. 
Men'di-cant,  n.  A  beggar.  — 

a.  Begging ;  poor. 
Me'ni-al,  a.    Low  ;  servile  ; 

mean.  —  n.  A  domestic  serv- 
I  ant. 

1  Men'stm-al,  a.  Monthly. 
Men'stru-um,  n.  (pi.  Men'- 
strii-ums,  or  Men'stru-a.) 
A  dissolving  fluid  ;   a  solv- 
ent. 


Men'su-ra-ble  (-shu-),  a- 
Measurable.  [measuring. 

Men^su-ra'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Men'tal,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
mind ;  intellectual. 

Men'tal-ly,  adv.  In  mind. 

Men'tion,  n.  Notice ;  curso- 
ry remark.  —  v.  t.  To  ex- 
press ;  to  name. 

Me-phit'i€,  a.  Poisonous  ; 
noxious  ;  foul ;  pestilential. 

Me-phl'tis,  n.  Noxious  ex- 
halations. 

Mer'-ean-tile,  a.  Pertaining 
to  merchants  or  their  busi- 
ness ;  commercial. 

Mer'ge-na-ry,  a.  Capable  of 
being  hired  ;  greedy  of  gain. 
—  Syn.  Yenal  ;  selfish  ; 
mean;  contracted. — n.  A 
hireling.  [in  silks. 

Mer'ger,  n.    One  who  deals 

Mer'chan-di§e,  n.  Goods  for 
sale  ;  trade.  —  v.  t.  To  trade. 

Mer'chant,  n.  An  exporter 
or  importer  of  goods;  a 
trader.  [sale. 

Mer'chant-a-ble,  a.    Fit  for 

Mer'chant-man  (21),  n.  A 
ship  employed  in  trade. 

Mer'Qi-ful,  a.  Full  of  mercy ; 
compassionate ;  tender. 

Mer'gi-less  (13),  a.  Hard- 
hearted ;  unfeeling. 

Mer-eu'ri-al,  a.  Composed 
of  quicksilver ;  spirited. 

Mer'-eu-ry,  n.  Quicksilver,- 
one  of  the  planets. 

Mer'gy  (19),  n.  Tenderness  to- 
ward an  offender ;  clemency. 

Mere,  a.    Pure  ;  unmixed. 

Mere'ly,  adv.  Simply  ;  only. 

Mer^e-tri'cious  (-trish^us),  a. 
Lewd  ;  false  ;  gaudy. 

Merge,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  immerse. 

Me-rid'i-an,  n.  A  great  cir- 
cle which  the  sun  crosses  at 
noon  ;  noon.  —  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  meridian. 

Me-rid'i-on-al,a.  Pertaining 
to  the  meridian. 

Me-ri"'no  (-rS^no),  n.  A  varie- 
ty of  sheep  or  their  wool. 

Mer'it,  n.  Desert ;  worth.  — 
1'.  t.  To  earn  by  services  ;  to 
deserve.  [ing  reward. 

Mer''i-to'ri-ous,  a.  Deserv> 

Mer'maid,  n.    A  fabled  sea- 


Ban,  6r,  da,  w^lf,  too,  tdbk ;  firn,  ri}e,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft,-  «,  g,  hard;      ;  e^st ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


MERMAN 


168 


MIGHTY 


■woman  with  the  tail  of  a  fish 
instead  of  legs. 

Mer'man  (22),  n.  A  fabled 
sea-man.  [mirth. 

Mer'ri-ly  (13),  adv.  With 

Mer'ri-ment.  n.  Gayety  with 
laughter ;  noisy  sport. 

Mer'ry,  a.  Gay  ;  jovial ;  noisy. 

Mer'ry-An'drew,  n.  A  buf- 
foon ;  a  zany.  [val. 

MSr'ry-mak'ing,  n.  A  festi- 

Mesh  (18),  M.  A  space  between 
threads  in  a  net. 

Mes-mer'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 
mesmerism. 

Me§'mer-i§m,  n.  Art  of  in- 
ducing a  certain  abnormal 
state  of  the  nervous  system. 

Me§'mer-ize,  v.  t.  To  bring 
into  a  mesmeric  sleep. 

Mess,  n.  A  dish  of  food ;  per- 
sons who  eat  together.  —  v. 
i.    To  join  in  a  mess. 

Mes'sage,  n.  Notice  sent ; 
official  communication. 

Mes'sen-ger,  n.  One  who 
bears  a  message. 

Mes-sPah,  n.  The  Anointed ; 
CHRIST. 

Mes'suage  (mes^swej),  n.  A 
house  and  adjoining  land. 

Met,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Meet. 

Met'al  (met^al  ormet^l),  n.  A 
simple,  fixed,  opaque  sub- 
stance, fusible  by  heat,  as 
iron,  gold,  &c. 

Me-t3,l'li€,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
partaking  of  the  properties 
of,  metals,    [ducing  metals. 

MSt''al-lif'er-ous,  a.  Pro- 

MSt'al-lme  (7),  a.  Like  metal. 

Mgt'al-lur/gy  ( 7 ) ,  n .  Art  of 
working  metals,  or  of  obtain- 
ing them  from  their  ores. 

Met^a-mor'phoge,  v.  t.  To 
transform. 

Met^a-mor'pho-sis,  n.  {pi. 
M§t'a-m6r'pho-se§. )  A 
change  of  form. 

Met'a-phor,  n.  A  short  si- 
militude ;  a  trope. 

MSt^a-ph6r'i€-al,a.  Contain- 
ing a  metaphor ;  figurative. 

M§t''a-ph6r'i€-al-ly,  adv.  By 
a  figure  ;  not  literally. 

M6Va-phy§'i-e-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing or  according  to  meta- 
physics ;  abstract. 


I  Met'a-phy-§i'cian  (-zish'- 
an),  n.  One  versed  in  meta- 
physics. 

Met^a-phyg'i-cs,  n  sing.  Sci- 
ence of  mental  phenomena. 

Mete,  V.  t.  To  measure.  — n. 
Measure  ;  limit ;  boundary. 

Me'te-or,  n.  A  luminous 
body  passing  in  the  air. 

Me'te-6r'i€,a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  proceeding  from,  meteors; 
influenced  by  the  weather. 

Me/te-or'o-lite,  I  n.  A  mete- 

Me'te-or-ite,     )  oric  stone. 

Me'te-6r'o-I6g'i-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  meteorology. 

Me^te-or-dPo-gist,  n.  One 
skilled  in  meteorology. 

Me^te-or-6Po-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  the  atmosphere  and 
its  phenomena. 

Me'ter  I  (29),  n.    Rhythm  ; 

Me'tre  j     verse  ;  measure. 

Me-theg'lin,  n.  A  hquor 
made  of  honey  and  water. 

Me-thinks',  V.  jw;?.  It  seems 
to  mel  I  think. 

Meth'od,  n.  Orderly  arrange- 
ment ;  way  of  doing  things. 
—  Syn.    Mode ;  manner. 

Me  -th6d  'i-e ,     la.  Ranged  or 

Me-th6d'i-e-al,  j  proceeding 
in  order. 

Me-th6d'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  In 
due  or  methodical  order. 

Meth'od-i§m,  n.  Doctrines 
and  worship  of  Methodists. 

Meth'od-ist,  n.  One  of  a  sect 
of  Christians  founded  by 
John  Wesley. 

Meth'od-ize,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  method. 

Me-t6n'o-my,  or  Met'o- 
nj^m/y,n.  A  figure  of  speech 
in  which  one  word  is  put  for 
another.  [meter. 

M6t'ri-e-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Me-tr6p'o-lis,  Ji.  The  mother 
city  or  chief  city. 

M6t/ro-p61'i-tan,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  chief  city. — n.  An 
archbishop.  [ardor. 

Met'tle,  n.  Courage  ;  spirit ; 

Met'tle-s6me,a.  Spirited. 

Mew,  n.  A  cage  or  coop.  — 
V.  t.  To  confine  in  a  cage. 

Mewl,  V.  i.  To  cry  as  a  child. 

M6z/zo-tin'to    (med'zo-  or 


mez'zo-),  n.  A  kind  of  en- 
graving on  copper. 

Mi'asm,  71.  Same  as  Miasma. 

,jy[i-a|'ma,  n.  (pi.  Mi-a§'ma- 
ta.)    Moxlous  effluvia. 

Ml'-ea,  n.  A  mineral  separa- 
ble into  thin,  transparent 
plates. 

Mi-€a'ceoiis,  a.  Pertaining 
to  mica. 

Mige,  n.  pi.  of  Mouse. 

Mi-eh'ael-mas  (-el-),  n.  The 
feast  of  St.  Michael,  cele- 
brated September  29th. 

Mi'-ero-€6§m,  n.  A  little 
world  ;  man. 

Mi'-ero-S€ope,  n.  An  optical 
instrument  for  magnifying 
very  small  objects. 

Mi/€ro-s-c6p'i€,     )  a.  Tery 

MP-ero-s-e6p'i€-al,  |  small. 

Mid,  a.  Middle;  intervening. 

Mid'day,  n.  Noon. 

Mid'dle,  a.  Equally  distant 
from  the  ends  ;  intermediate. 
—  n.  The  point  equally  re- 
mote from  the  extremes. 

Mid'dling,  a.  Of  a  middle 
rank  ;  of  moderate  capacity. 

Midge,  n.    A  kind  of  fly. 

Mid'land,  a.  Surrounded  by 
the  land. 

Mid'night  (-uit),  n.  Twelve 
o'clock  at  night. 

Mid'rif f ,  n.    The  diaphragm . 

Mid'ship-man  (21),  n.  A 
naval  cadet  or  young  officer. 

Midst,  n.    The  middle. 

Mid'sum-mer,  n.  The  mid- 
dle of  summer. 

Mid'way,  n.    The  middle. 

Mid^wlfe  (20),  n.  A  woman 
who  assists  other  women  in 
childbirth. 

Mid'wife-ry,  or  Mid'wife- 
ry,  n.  Assistance  in  child- 
birth ;  obstetrics. 

Mien,  n.  Look  ;  air ;  manner. 

Miff,  n.    Slight  resentment. 

Might  (mit),  imp.  of  May.  — 
n.  Power ;  strength  of  body  ; 
force  ;  ability  ;  capacity. 

Might'i-ly  (mlt/-,  13),  adv. 
Powerfully. 

Might'i-ness  (mIt/-),  w.  Pow- 
er ;  a  title  of  dignity. 

Might 'y  (mit/y),  a.  Powei'- 
ful ;  strong ;  vigorous. 


5,e,T,o,  u,     long ;  5,  C,  i,  6,u, 


5^ ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^it ;  Sre,  vgil,  tSrm  ;  pique,  ffrm  j 


MIGNONETTE 


169 


MINUTE 


Mign'on-gtte'  (mtn/yon-),  n. 
A  fragrant  plant  and  llower. 

MI'grate,  v.  /.  To  remove  to 
another  place  or  climate. 

Ml-gra'tion,  n.  Act  of  mi- 
grating, [migrate. 

Mi'gra-to-ry,  a.  Disposed  to 

Milch,  a.    Giving  milk. 

lilild,  a.  Gentle  ;  calm ;  soft ; 
meek  ;  placid  ;  bland. 

Mil'dew,  n.  Fungous  spots 
on  cloth  or  paper.  —  v.  t.  or 
i.    To  taint  with  mildew. 

Mlld'ly,  adv.  Gently;  softly. 

Mild'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
mild  ;  gentlene.<5S ;  meekness. 

Mile,  n.  A  linear  measure  of 
320  rods,  1760  yards, or  5280 
feet.  [by  the  mile. 

Mile'age,  n.   Fees  for  travel 

MiPl-tant,  a.  Engaged  in 
warfare ;  fighting. 

Mil'i-ta-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 
soldiers  or  to  war;  martial. 
—  71.    Soldiers  ;  an  army. 

Mil'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  be  op- 
posed ;  to  contend. 

Mi-li'tia(-nsh'';i),  n.  National 
enrolled  military  force. 

Mnk,n.  A  white  liquor  drawn 
from  the  female  of  certain 
animals  ;  the  white  juice  of 
certain  plants. — v.  t.  To 
draw  milk  from. 

Milk'i-ness,  n.  Qualities  like 
milk ;  softness. 

Milk'maid,  n.  A  woman  em- 
ployed in  a  dairy. 

Mi'ik'man  (21),  n.  A  man 
who  carries  milk  to  market. 

Milk'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  like, 
milk. 

Milk'y-way,  n.  A  luminous 
zone  in  the  heavens  ;  galaxy. 

Mill  (1),  n.  A  machine  for 
grinding,  &c.  ;  the  tenth  of 
a  cent. — v.  t.  To  grind  ;  to 
stamp,  as  coin  ;  to  fall. 

MIll'-d3,m,  n.  A  dam  to  keep 
water  for  a  mill. 

Mil'le-na'ri-an,  n.  One  who 
believes  in  the  millennium. 

Mil-len'ni-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  th(i  millennium. 

Mil-len'ni-um,  n.  The  thou- 
sand years  of  Christ's  ex- 
pected reign  on  earth,  [mill. 

Mill'er,  n.  One  who  attends  a 


Mil'let,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
grain;  a  kind  of  grass. 

Mil'li-ner,  n.  One  who  makes 
or  sells  ladies'  caps,  head- 
dresses, &c.    [by  milliners. 

Mil'il-ner-y,  n.  Articles  sold 

Mill'ion  (ual/yun),  n.  Ten 
hundred  thousand. 

MiU^ion-aire',  n.  One  worth 
a  million  or  more. 

Mill'-rage,  n.  A  canal  to  con- 
vey water  to  a  mill-wheel. 

Mill'-stone,  n.  A  stone  for 
grinding  grain. 

Milt,  n.  The  spleen;  sper- 
matic part  of  the  male  fish. 

Mime,  n.  A  kind  of  farce,  or 
an  actor  in  it. 

Mim'i  c,  n.  One  who  imitates. 
—  V.  t.  (G)  To  imitate  for 
sport ;  to  ape. 

Mim'ic,      I  a.    Acting  the 

Miin'i€-al,  j  mimic  ;  imita- 
tive, [mimics. 

Mim'ick-er,  n.     One  who 

Mi'm'i€-ry,  n.  Ludicrous 
imitation  for  sport. 

Min'a-ret,  n.  A  tall,  slender 
turret  on  Mohammedan 
mosques. 

Mmge,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  chop 
into  small  pieces ;  to  speak 
with  affected  nicety. 

Mind,  n.  The  intelligent 
power  in  man  ;  understand- 
ing ;  soul ;  purpose  ;  opin- 
ion. —  V.  t.  To  heed  ;  to  re- 
gard. —  V.  i.  To  be  inclined 
or  disposed.  [dined. 

Mind'ed,  a.    Disposed  ;  in- 

Mmd'ful  (17),  a.  Regardful; 
attentive  ;  observant. 

Mine,  a.  Belonging  to  me.  — 
n.  A  pit  where  minerals  are 
dug  ;  an  excavation.  —  v. 
To  dig  ;  to  sap.  [mines. 

Min'er,  n.    One  who  digs 

Mm'er-al,  n.  A  substance  not 
organic,  existing  on  or  in 
the  earth.  —  a.  Pertaining 
to  minerals. 

Mm'er-al-ize,  v.  i.  To  com- 
bine with  a  metal  in  form- 
ing an  ore  ;  to  seek  miner- 
als, [versed  in  minerals. 
Mm'er-ai'o-gist,  n.  One 
Mm/er-al-6g'i€-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  mineralogy. 


Min/er-a.l'0-gy,  n.  Science 
of  minerals.  [blend. 
Min'gle,  v.     To   mix ;  to 
Min'i-a-ture  (mm^i-at-yur  or 
min''it-yjjr),  n.       A  small, 
painted  likeness. 
Min'im,  n.    A  note  in  mu- 
sic ;  a  drop. 
Min'i-mum,  n.  {pi.  Mm'i- 
ma  )     The  least  quantity 
assignable  in  a  given  case. 
Min'ion  (min^yun),  n.  A 
favorite  ;   a  small  kind  of 
type,  like  this  — 

11^^  Minion  type. 
Min'is-ter,  n.    A  servant, 
an  agent  ;  an  embassador  ; 
a  pastor.  —  v.  t.    To  give  ; 
to  communicate  ;  to  supply. 
Min^is-te'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  minister  ;  done  under 
authority  ;  sacerdotal. 
Min^is-tra'tion,  n.    Office  of 

a  minister ;  service. 
Mm'is-try,  n.    Office  ;  serv- 
ice ;  agency ;  ecclesiastical 
function  ;  ministers  of  state. 
Mink,  n.    An  animal  of  the 
weasel  kind.      [water  fish. 
Mm'now,  n.    A  small  fresh- 
Mi'nor,  a.    Less  ;  smaller.  — 
n.    A  person  under  the  age 
of  twenty -one.  * 
Mi-n6r'i-ty,n.  State  of  being  • 
a  minor,  or  under  age  ;  the  *  v 
smaller  number. 
Min'o-taur,  n.  A  fabled  mon- 
ster, half  man,  half  bull.  ' 
Minister,  n.     Church  of  a 
monastery ;     a    cathedral  • 
church. 
Mm'strel,  n.    A  singer  and 

player  on  an  instrument. 
Min'strel-sy,  n.  A  company 

of  minstrels. 
Mint,  n.     A  place  where 
money  is  coined. — v.t.  To  • 
coin,  as  money. 
Mm'u-end,  n.     A  number  > 
from  which  another  is  to  be 
substracted.        [ful  dance. 
Min'u-et,  n.    A  slow,  grace-  • 
Mi'nus,a.  An  algebraic  term 

denoting  subtraction. 
Min'ute    (min/it),  n.  The 
sixtieth  part  of  an  hour;  ' 
short  note  or  sketch.  —  v.t.  ^ 
To  set  down  in  short  notes. 


son,  or,  do,  W9lf,  tdb,  t<rok ;  to,  r«e,  pi,ill ;  9,  5,  soft ;     g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  n:^ ;  thi3. 


f 


MDsUTE 


170 


MISS 


Mi-nute',  a.  Tery  small ;  of 
litrle  consequence. 

Mm'ute-gun  (min/it-),  n.  A 
gun  fired  every  minute. 

Mi-nute'ly,  adv.  In.  a  mi- 
nute manner.  [girl' 

Minx  ( 18),  ri.  A  pert,  wanton 

Mir'a-ole,  n.  A  wonder  or 
wonderful  thing  ;  a  super- 
natural event. 

Mi-ra-e'u-lcus,  a.  Supernat- 
ural ;  wonderful. 

Mire,  n.  Soft,  wet  earth  ; 
mud.  —  r.  t.  To  plunge  and 
fix  in  mud. 

MIr'ror,  n.  A  looking-glass. 
—  t'.  t.  To  reflect,  as  in  a 
looking-glass. 

Mirth,  n.  Noisy  gayety.  — 
Syn.  Festivity  ;  glee  ;  fun  ; 
hilarity  ;  merriment;  jollity. 

Mirth'ful,  a.    Merry  ;  gay. 

Mir'y,  a.    Full  of  mire. 

Mis'an-thrcpe,     )  n.  A 

Mis-an'thro-pist,  J  hater  of 
mankind. 

Mis^an-throp'i-c,     )  a.  Ilat- 

Mis^an-thr6p'i€-al,  j  ing,  or 
having  a  dislike  to,  man- 
kind. 

Mis-an'thro-py,  n.  Hatred 
or  dislike  of  mi^nkind. 

Mis-ap'^pli-ea'tion,  n.\yrong 
application.  [wrongly. 

Mis^ap-piy',  v.  t.    To  apply 

Mis-ap'pre-hend',  v.  t.  To 
misunderstand.  [mistake. 

Mis-ap/pre-hSn'sion,  n.  A 

Mis/be-c6me',  v.  t.  To  suit 
ill.  [have  improperly. 

Mis^be-have',  v.  i-    To  be- 

Mls'be-liav'ior,  n.  Improper 
behavior  ;  ill-conduct. 

Mis'be-lieve',  v.  t.  To  be- 
lieve erroneously. 

Mis^be-lief,  n.    False  belief. 

Mis-€a,l'-eu-late,  v.  t.  To 
calculate  wrongly. 

Mis-eai^-cu-la'ticn,  n.  Wrong 
calculation,     [wrong  name. 

Mis-eall',  v.  t.    To  call  by  a 

Mis-ear'riage  (-rij),  n.  Fail- 
ure ;  abortion. 

Mis-€ar'ry,  v.  i.  To  fail  of 
success  ;  to  have  an  abor- 
tion. 

Mis^cel-la'ne-ous,  a.  Mixed; 
consisting  of  various  kinds. 


Mis'Qel-la-ny,  n.  A  collec- 
tion of  writings  ;  a  mixture. 

Mis-change',  n.  Misfortune. 

Mis'chief ,  71.  Evil,  whether 
intended  or  not ;  harm. 

Mis'chiev-ous,  rt.  Injurious. 

Mis-choose',  v.  t.  To  choose 
wrongly?  [erroneously. 

Mis-gite',  v.  t.     To  quote 

Mis^-eon-geive',  v.  t.  To 
have  a  wrong  notion  of. 

Mis^-eon-gep'tion,  n.  Wrong 
conception.  [havior. 

Mis-eon'du-et,  n.     Bad  be- 

Mis^-con-dii€t',  v.  To  con- 
duct amiss.  [conjecture. 

Mis^-eon-jeet'iire,  n.  A  wrong 

Mis''-con-strii-c'tion,  n. 
AV'rong  construction,  or  in- 
terpretation. 

Mis-con'strue,  v.  t.  To  in- 
terpret wrong. 

Mis-eount',  v.t.  To  mistake 
in  counting. 

Mis'-ere-ant,  n.  A  vile  wretch. 

Mis-date',  v.  t.  To  date  er- 
roneously. [oiTense. 

Mis-deed',  n.  An  evil  action  ; 

Mis-deem',  v.  t.  To  judge 
amiss.  [have  ill. 

Mis^de-mean',  v.  i.   To  be- 

Mis'de-mean'or,  n.  Ill-be- 
havior ;  evil  conduct. 

Mis^di-re-et',  v.t.  To  direct 
to  a  wrong  person  or  place. 

Mis-dp'ing,  n.  A  wrong  done. 

Mis^em-ploy',  v.  t.  To  use 
to  a  wrong  purpose. 

Mis^em-ploy'ment,  n.  Im- 
proper application. 

Mi'ger,  n.  One  covetous  to 
excess ;  a  niggard. 

Mi§'er-a-ble,  a.  Wretched ; 
unhappy  ;  worthless.  [ly. 

Mi§'er-a-bly,  adv.  Wretched- 

Mi'§er-ly,a.    Very  covetous. 

Mi§'er-y,  n.  Wretchedness; 
distress  ;  calamity. 

Mis-fort'unc,  n.  Calamity. 

Mis-give',  V.  t.  To  fill  with 
doubt ;  to  give  amiss. 

Mis-giv'ing,  n.  A  weaken- 
ing of  confidence  ;  distrust. 

Mis-gov'ern,  v.  t.  To  govern 
amiss.  [administration. 

Mis-gov'ern-ment,  n.  Bad 

Mis-gmd'ange,  n.  Wrong  di- 
rection ;  guidance  into  eri'or. 


Mis-gmde',  v.  t.  To  mislead. 
Mis-hap',  n.    Ill  chance  or 

accident ;  misfortune. 
Mis'im-prpve',  v.  t.  To 

abuse ;  to  misuse. 
Mis''in-f6rm',  v.  t.    To  give 

erroneous  information  to. 
Mis-in^for-ma'tion,  n. 

AV'rong  information. 
Mis-'in-ter'pret,  v.  t.    To  ex- 
plain erroneousJy. 
Mis^in-ter^pret-a'tion,  n. 

Interpreting  erroneously. 
Mis-judge',  v.  t.    To  judge 

amiss. 

Mis-lay',  v.  t    To  lay  in  a 

wrong  place  ;  to  lose. 
Mis-lead',  v.  t.    To  lead  into 

error ;  to  delude. 
Mi§'le  (miz/1),  1'.  i.    To  rain 

in  minute  drops. 
Mis-led',  imp.  of  Mislead. 
Mis-man'age,  v.  t.  or  1.  To 

manage  iil. 
Mis-m^n'age-ment,  n.  Bad 

management.  [unsuitabl3\ 
Mis-m£tch',  v.  t.  To  match 
Mis-name',  v.  t.    To  call  by 

a  wrong  name. 
Mis-n5'mer,  n.     A  wrong 

or  inapplicable  name. 
Mis-plage',  v.  t.  To  put  in  a 

wrong  place. 
Mis-print',  v.  t.     To  print 

wrong.  —  n.     An  errdr  in 

printing. 
Mis^'pro-nounge',  v.  t.  To 

pronounce  incGrrectl3^ 
M  i  s^p  r  o  -  n  u  n^c  i-a '  t  i  o  n 

(-ndn/shi-),  n.  Improper 

pronunciation. 
Mis^pro-por'tion,  v.  t.  To 

join  without  due  proportion. 
I  Mis^quo-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 

misquoting.  [incorrectly. 
Mis-quote',  v.  t.  To  quote 
Mis^re-port',  v.  t.  To  report 

erroneously.  —  n.     A  false 

or  incorrect  report. 
Mis-rep^re-gent',  v.  t.  To 

represent  falsel:»\ 
Mis-rep^re-gent-a'tion,  n. 

False  account. 
Mis-rule',   n.      Confusion  ; 

unjust  domination. 
Miss  {2),?i.  A  young  woman; 

Joss  ;  want ;  mistake.  —  v.  t. 

To  err ;  not  to  hit. 


a,  5, 1,  o,  Q,  y ,  long ;  S,  ^  J,  6,  «,  5^,  sliort ;  care,  ctlr,  ask,  ftll,  wh^t ;  Cre,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  { 


MISSAL 

Mis'sal,  n.  The  Roman 
Catholic  mass-book. 

Mis-sha-pC,  v.  t.  [p.  p.  or  p. 
a.  MISSHAPEN.]  To  sliape 
ill ;  to  givo  an  ill  form  to. 

Mis'sile,  Ji.  A  weapon  to  be 
thrown. 

Mis'sion  (mTsh^un),  n.  Act  of 
sending;  duty  on  Mhich 
one  is  sent ;  persons  pent.  — 
Syn.  Message  ;  commis- 
sion ;  delegation ;  deputa- 
tion. 

MIs'sion-a-ry,  n.   One  sent 
to  spread  religion.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  missions. 
Mis'sive,a.  Sent  or  intended 
to  be  sent.  —  n.   A  message 
or  letter  sent,  [erroneously. 
Mis-sp3li',  V.   t.     To  spell 
Mis-spend',  r.  t.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.   MISSPENT.]    To  waste 
or  spend  ill.  [accurately. 
Mis-state',  v.  t.   To  state  in- 
Mis-state'ment,  n.    An  in- 
correct statement. 
Mist,  n.    Rain  in  very  fine 
drops.  —  V.  i.     To  rain  in 
fiue_drops. 
Mis-take',  n.  Unintentional 
error.  — ^'.  t.  or  i.    To  err. 
Mis-tak'en  (-t:.k/n),  p.  p.  or 
a.     Misunderstood, — used 
of  things  ;  wrong ;  being  in 
error,  —  used  of  persons. 
Mist'i-ness,  n.  State  of  being 

misty  ;  obscurity. 
Mis'tle  (mi7/l).    See  Misle. 
Mis'tle-toe  \  (miz/l-to),5J.  A 
Mi§'le-toe  j  plant  that  grows 

on  trees. 
Mis-took',  imp.  of  Mistake. 
Mis^ trans-late',  v.  t.  To 

translate  erroneously. 
Mis'trans-la'tion,  n.  Erro- 
neous translation. 
Mis'tress,  n.    A  woman  who 
governs  ;  a  term  of  address. 
Mis-trust',  n.    Want  of  con- 
fidence ;  suspicion ;  doubt. 
—  V.  t.   To  regard  with  sus- 
picion ;  to  doubt. 
Mis-trust'fiil,  a.  Suspicious. 
Mist'V,  a.    Raining  in  very 
fine  drops  *,     cloudy  with 
mist. 

Mis-un''d3r-stand',  v.  t.  To 
misconceive ;  to  mistake. 


171 

Mis-un/der-stand'ing,  n. 
Misconception  ;  disagree- 
ment ;  slight  quarrel. 
Mis-ug'age,  n.     I3ad  treat- 
ment;  abuse,        [treat  ill. 
Mis-use',  v.t.    To  abuse  ;  to 
Mis-iise',  n.    Bad  use. 
Mite,   n.     Something  very 
small ;  hence,  a  small  insect. 
Mi'tcrU29), 
Mi'tre  )  n.  A 
bishop's  cap 
or  crown. 
Mit'i-ga-ble,a. 
Capable  of 
mitigation. 
Mit'i-gate,  v.  t 

to  alleviate  ;  to  assuage. 
Mit^i-ga'tion,  n.  Relief. 
Mit'ten,  n.    A  cover  for  the 

hand,  without  fingers. 
Mix  (7),  V.  t.  {'mp.  &  p.  p. 
MIXED.]  To  unite  or  blend 
promiscuously.  [mass. 
Mixt'iire,  w.      A  mingled 
Miz'zen  (miz^zn),  a.  Hind- 
most ;  nearest  the  stern. 
Miz'zle,  v.t.  See  Misle. 
Mne-mon'i-c  (ne-),  a.  Assist- 
ing the  memory. 
Mne-m6n'i€s  (ne-),  n.  sing. 

The  art  of  memory. 
Moan,  V.  i.  or  t.    To  mourn  ; 
to    lament    audibly.  —  n. 
Lamentation. 
Moat,  n.   A  ditch  round  a 
cp^stle,  &c. — V.  t.   To  sur- 
round with  a  moat. 
Mob,  11.    A  tumultuous  or 
disorderly  crowd. — v.t.  To 
attack,  as  a  crowd. 
Mo-bil'i-ty,   n.      Activity  ; 

fickleness  ;  inconstancy. 
Mo-e'-ea-sin,  n.    A  shoe  of 
soft  leather,  without  a  sole  ; 
a  poisonous  serpent. 
M6€k  (b),v.t.    To  deride  ;  to 
ape.  —  V.  i.    To  speak  de- 
ridingly.  —  a.  Counterfeit  ; 
false.  —  n.    Ridicule  ;  deris- 
ion, [scorn;  ridicule. 
Mock'er-y,  n.       Derision  ; 
Mo'dal,  a.  Relating  to  mode. 
Mode,  n.     Form  ;  method  ; 
fashion  ;  manner  of  conju- 
gating a  verb. 
Mod'el,  n.    Something  to  be 
i     imitated. ' —  Syn.     Copy  ; 


MOLASSES 

pattern.  — v.  t.  (8)  To  plan 

to  shape. 
M6d'er-ate,  v.  t.    To  allay  ; 

to  lessen  ;  to  repress.  —  v.  i. 

To  become  less  violent. 
M6d'er-ate,  a.    Not  violent 

or  excessive  ;  temperate. 
M6d'er-ate-ly,  adv.  With 

little  violence. 
M6d'er-a'tion,  n.    State  of 

being  moderate.  [presides. 
Mdd'er-a^tor,  n.  One  who 
Mdd'ern,  a.    Of  the  present 

time.  [modern. 
M6a'ern-ize,  v.t.  To  niako 
Mdd'erng,  n.pl.    People  of 

modern  times. 
M6d'est,  a.     Diffident  ;  re- 
served ;  virtuous. 
M6d'est-y,  n.    Absence  of 

conceit;  diffidence ;  chastity. 
M6d'i-€um,  «.  A  small  por- 

tion. 

M6d'i-fi-€a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

modifNicg:  modified  state. 
M6d'i-fPer  (13),  n.   He  who, 

or  that  which,  modifies. 
M6d'i-fy,  v.  t.    To  change 

the  form  of.       [of  bracket,  i 
Mo-dill'ion  (-yun),  n.  A  kind 
Mod'ish,   a.     According  to 

the  moda  ;  fashionable.  ' 
Mo-diste',  n.  A  female  artist 

in  dress,  [inficct  as  sounds,  v 
Mod'u-late,  v.  t.  To  vary  or  y 
M6d^u-la'ticn,  n.    Act  of 

modulating  ;  melpdy. 
M5'hair,  n.   A  stuff  of  goat's 

hair. 

Mo-ham'med-an,  a.  Per-.  , 
taining  to  Mohammed. — n.  ,' 
A  follower  of  Mohammed. 

Moi'e-ty    (or  maw^e-ty),  n. 
Half. 

Moil,  V.  i.  or  t.   To  work  with 

painful  effort ;  to  drudge. 
Moist,  a.    Damp ;  wet  in  a 

small  degree. 
Moist'en  (mois^n),  v.  t.  To 

make  humid,  or  moist. 
Moist'ness,  n.  Dampness. 
Moist'ure    (moist/yijr),  n. 

Shght  wetness  ;  dampness. 
Mo'lar,  a.  Adapted  to  grind. 

—  n.   A  double  tooth. 
Mo-las'ses,  n.  sing.  The 

sirup    \fhich   drains  from 

sugar  ;  treacle. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  to"o,  tdbk;  tlm,  rije,  pull ;  p,  ^,  soft;  -c,  g,  hard;     ;  e^ist ;  q  as  ng;  this. 


f 


MOLD 


172 


MOORLAND 


M51d   H32),  n.     Soft,  rich 

Mould  )  earth  ;  a  form ,  or 
something  to  regulate  the 
form.  —  v.t.  To  shape.  — 
V.  i.    To  contract  mold. 

Mold'er,    \  n.       One  who 

Mduld'er,  )  molds,  or  gives 
shape.  —  V.  i.  To  decay  ; 
to  perish. 

M51d'y,    )  a.    Covered  with 

Mould'y, }  mold. 

Mole,  n.  A  natural  spot  on 
the  body  ;  a  pier  ;  a  mound  ; 
a  small  burrowing  animal. 

Mo-le€'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  molecules. 

Mol'e  -eule,  n.  A  minute  or 
invisible  particle. 

M51e'-hill,  n.  A  hillock 
raised  bv  a  mole. 

Mo-lest',  V,  t.  To  disturb  ; 
to  annoy.  [auce. 

MoVes-t^'tion,  n.  Annoy- 

MoFli-fi-ca'tion,  n.  A  mol- 
lifying ;  mitigation. 

M61'li-fy,  V'  t.  To  soften  ;  to 
assuage  ;  to  qualify. 

Molt    I  (32),  V.  i.    To  cast  or 

Moult  )  shed  feathers,  skin, 
horns,  &c. 

Molt'en,  p.  a.  Melted. 

Mo'ment,  n.  A  minute  por- 
tion of  time  ;  importance  ; 
weight.  [moment. 

Mo'ment-a-ri-ly,  adv.  Every 

Mo'ment-a-ry,  a.  Done  in, 
or  lasting  for,  a  moment 
only.  [ment. 

Mo'ment-ly,  adv.    In  a  mo- 

Mo-mSnt'ous,  a.  Important. 

Mo-men'tum,  n.  {pi.  Mo- 
mSn'ta,  or  Mo-men'tumg, 
25.)  Quantity  of  motion  in 
a  moving  body.  [life. 

M6n'a-Chi§m,  n.  Monastic 

Mon'ad,  n.  An  ultimate 
atom. 

M6n'ar€h,  n.     A  supreme 
ruler ;    an  emperor,  king, 
prince,  or  chief.  —  Syn.  Po- 
tentate ;  sovereign. 
Mo-nar€h'i-c,      I  a.  Per- 
Mo-nar-ch'i€-al,  j  taining 
to  a  monarch,  [monarchy. 
M6n'ar€h-ist,  n.  A  friend  to 
M6n'ar€h-y,  n.  Government 
vested  in  one  man  ;  a  king- 
dom ;  an  empire. 


M6n'as-ter-y  [colloq.  mon'as- 
try),  n.  A  house  of  monks. 

Mo-nasai€,  a.  Pertaining 
to  monks  ;  secluded. 

Mo-nas'ti-Qism,  n.  Monas- 
tic liffev 

Mon'day,  n.  The  day  follow- 
ing-Sunday. 

Mon'e^-ry,  a.  Relating  to 
money/\ 

Mon'ey  (ly),  n.  Coin  for  cur- 
rent use  in  trade,  or  a  sub- 
\stitute  for  it. 

Mo^^i'eyed  (mun^id),  a.  Pos- 
sessed of  money  ;  rich. 

Mon'grel  (mting/grel),  a.  Of 
a  mixed  breed.  —  n.  An  an- 
imal of  a  mixed  breed. 

Mo-ni'tion  (-nlsh/un),  n. 
Warning  ;  instruction. 

Mon'i-tor,  n.  One  who  warns ; 
a  subordinate  instructor. 

MoiVi-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  monitor.  [ing. 

M6n'i-to-r7,  a.  Giving  warn- 

Mon'i-tress,  n.  A  female 
monitor.  [monastery. 

Monk,  n.   One  who  lives  in  a 

M6nk'er-y,  n.  Monastic  life 
or  practices. 

Monk'ey  (19),  n.  An  animal 
like  the  ape  or  baboon. 

Monk'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
monks. 

M6n'o-dy,  'n.  Poetical  lament 
of  a  single  person. 

Mo-n6g'a-mist,  n.  One  who 
disallows  second  marriages, 

Mo-nog'a-my,  n.  Marriage 
to  one  wife  only 

M6n'o-gram 
cipher  composed 
letters  interwoven.  Mono- 

Mon'o-graph,  M.  A  s*"^"^- 
written  account  of  a  single 
thing.  [one  person. 

M6n'o-16gue,  n.  A  speech  by 

M6n'o-ma'ni-a,  n.  Derange- 
ment with  regard  to  one  sub- 
ject only. 

M6n/o-ma'ni-§,-c,  n.  A  per- 
son affected  by  monomania. 

Mo-n6p'o-list,     I  n.  One 

Mo-n6p'o-liz/er,  j  who  mo- 
nopolizes. 

Mo-n6p'o-lize,  v.  t.  To  en- 
gross the  whole  of. 

Mo-n6p'o-ly,  n.  Sole  right  of 


posed  of     '  ' 


buying  and  selling  <St  of 
trading. 
M6n/o-3yl-lab'i-c,      )  a.  Of 
M6n'o-syl-lab'i€-al,  j  one 

syllable  only. 
M6n'o-syFla-ble,  n.  A  word 

of  one  syllable. 
Mdn'o-the^ism,  n.  The  belief 
in  one  God'only. 

M6n'o-tone,  n.  A  single  un- 
varied tone  or  sound. 

Mo-n6t'o-noiis,  a.  In  tho 
same  tone  ;  without  variety. 

Mo-n6t'o-ny,  n.  Uniformity 
of  tone  ;  want  of  variety. 

Mon-sobn',  n.  A  periodical 
wind  in  the  Indian  ocean. 

Mon'ster,  n.  Something  hor- 
rid or  unnatural. 

Mon-str6s'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  monstrous. 

Mdn'strous,  a.  Abnormal  ; 
enormous  ;  unnatural. 

M6n'strous-ly,  adv.  In  a 
shocking,  unnatural  man- 
ner ;  enormously. 

Month,  n.  Twelfth  part  of 
the  year. 

Month'ly,  a.  Happening 
every  month.  —  adv.  Once 
a  month.  [a  tomb. 

M6n'u-ment,n.  A  memorial ; 

M6n^u-m6nt'al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  serving  as,  a  mon- 
ument ;  memorial. 

Mood,  n.  Temper  of  mind  ; 
humor  ;  disposition ;  music- 
al style ;  form  of  conjuga- 
tion of  a  verb  ;  mode. 

Mobd'i-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  moody. 

Mdbd'y,  a.  Governed  by 
moods  of  feeling  ;  ill-hu- 
mored ;  angry  •,  abstracted. 

Moon,  n.  A  satellite  of  this 
earth,  revolving  round  it. 

Mdbn'light  (ht),  1  n.  Light  of 

Mo"on 'shine,      j  the  moon. 

Mdbn'-struck,  a.  Affected 
by  the  moon  ;  lunatic. 

Moor,  n.  A  black  man ;  a 
marsh.  —  v.  t.  To  secure,  as 
a  vessel,  by  means  of  cables 
and  anchors. 

Mo~or'ings,  n.  pi.  /  nchors, 
chains,  &c.,  to  hold  a  ship. 

Mdbr'ish,  a.  Marsny  ;  fenny. 

Mdbr'land,  n.  Marshy  land. 


a,  6, 1,  o,  Q,  y,  long /  S,  S,  T,  6,  ft, ^ , short ;  cOre,  car,  &Rk,  ftU,  wh^t ;  ^ro,  veil,  t5rm ;  p'que,  firm  ; 


MOOSE 


173 


MOUSE 


Moobc. 

A  case  ad- 


Moose,  n.  An 
animal  of  the 
deer  kind. 

Moot,  V.  t.  To 
discuss  or  de- 
bate.— a.  Dis- 
putable. 

Mdbt'-€ase,  n. 
mittiug  of  dispute. 

M6p,  n.  A  cloth,  or  collection 
of  thrums  for  cleaning 
floors,  &c. — V.  t.  To  wipe 
with  a  mop. 

Mope,  V.  i.  To  be  very  dull. 
—  n.    A  stupid  person. 

Mop'ish,  a.  Dull ;  spiritless. 

Mor'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  prac- 
tice or  manners  in  reference 
to  right  and  wrong  ;  virtu- 
ous ;  just  ;  probable.  —  n. 
The  precept  inculpated  by  a 
fable  ;  {pi. )  conduct  ;  "be- 
havior. 

M6r'al-ist  (8),  n.  One  who 
teaches  morality. 
>Mo-rai'i-ty,  n.     System  or 

^^Ta^ce  of  moral  duties. 

M6r'J^fee,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  dis- 
course^!^ moral  sulyects;  to 
apply  io  moral  purposes. 

Mor'al-ly,  Wv.  Honestly  ; 
according  to^^  l^^muu  judg- 
ment, [duties life. 

Mor'als,  n.pl.  Practi^  of  the 

Mo-rasV,  n.  A  tract o(  wet, 
soft  gr^Tfljid  ;  a  marsh  pji,  feu. 

MSr'bid^  a.  Not  sound  or 
healthylf  —  S.y  N .  Diseased  ; 
sickly  ;  sicte.  [sta^. ' 

M6r'bid-ness,  n.  A  diseipe^ 

M6r'dant,  a.  Serving  t6  fix 
colors.  —  n.  A  substance  to 
fix  colors  in  cloth. 

More,  a.  Greater  in  quantity 
or  number.  —  adv.  To  a 
greater  degree.  —  n.  Greater 
quantity  or  amount. 

Mo-reen',  n.  A  stout  kind  of 
woolen  stuff. 

More-o'ver  (17),  adv.  Fur- 
ther; furthermore;  besides. 

Mo-resque'  (mo-resk^),  a. 
Done  after  the  manner  of 
the  Moors,  as  paintings. 

Morn,        I  n.  The  first  part 

Morn'ing,  )     of  the  day. 

Mo-r6€'-co,  n.  Leather  of 
goat  or  sheep-skin  dressed. 


Mortar. 


Mo-rose',  a.  Of  a  sour  tem-  | 
per.  —  Syn.  Sullen;  surly.  ] 
Mo-rose'ly,  adv.  SuUenh  .  I 
Mor'rls,  n.  A  dance  ;  a  game.  I 
Mdr'row,  n.    Next  day  after 

the  present. 
Morse,  n.  The  walrus  or  sea- 
horse. 

Mor'sel,  n.  A  bite  ;  a  small 
piece. 

Mor'tal,  a.  Subject  to  death ; 

deadly;   human. — n.  A 

human  being.  , 
Mor-tal'i-ty ,  .flk  Subjection  to 

death  ;  nuojlfiwr  of  deaths. 
M6r'tal-ly,  ip^.     So  as  to 

cause  death  ^  fatally. 
Mor'tar,  n.  A 

kind  of  cement 

for  building  :. 

a  vessel  lued 

for  pounding 

things  in;  a  piece  of  ord- 
nance for  throwing  bombs. 
Morfgage  (mor/goj),  n.  A 

pledge  of  real  estate,  -w-v.  t. 

To  pledge  for  securing  a 

debt. 

Mort'ga-gee'  (mor/-),  n.  One 
to  whom  a  mortgage  is 
given. 

M6rt'ga-ger  (mor/-),n.  One 
wjtio  executes  a  mortgage. 

M6rai-fi-ea,'tion,  n.  Process 
of  corrupting  ;  humiliation. 

M6r'ti-fv,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  cor- 
rupt ;  to  humble. 

Mor'tise,  n.  An  open- 
ing or  cut  to  receive 
a  tenon.  — v.  t.  To 
form  Avith  a  mortise^  •/^m/) 

Mort'main,  n.     An  Eiiiiafer 
inalienable  estate.  Mortise. 

Mo-sa'i€,n.  Work  variegated 
-by  shells  and  stones  of  va- 
rious colors.  — a.  Composed 
of  mosaic;  pertaining  to 
Moses.  A| 

JJdsque  (m6sk),n.  A  MohanJ-^ 
Vmedan  house  of  worship. 

IfCos-qui'to  (-ke''-),  v.  (pi. 
Mos-qu'i'tog,  18.)  A  small 
blood-sucking  insect. 

^M6ss  (2),  n.   A  cellular  plant 

^    growing  on  trees, &c.  [moss. 

*M6ss'y,  a.    Overgrown  with 

Most,  n.  Greatest  in  number 
or     quantity,  —  n.  The 


greatest  number.  — adv.  In 
the  greatest  degree. 

Most'ly,  adv.  For  the  great- 
est part.  [tide. 

Mote,  n.    A  very  small  par- 

M6th,  n.   A  winged  insect. 

Moth'er  (mUtii/er),  n.  A  fe- 
male parent ;  a  slimy  sub- 
stance in  vinegar. 

Moth'er-hdbd  (muth/er-),  n. 
The  state  of  a  mother. 

Moth'er-less,  a.  Destitute 
of  a  mother. 

M6tii'er-ly,  a.  Like  a  moth- 
er ;  tender ;  maternal. 

Motil'er-w^it,  n.   Native  wit. 

Mo'tion,  71.  Act  of  changing 
place;  movement;  a  pro- 
posal made. 

Mo'tion-less,  a.  Quiescent. 

Mo'tive,  a.  Causing  to  move. 
— gr?.  That  which  incites  to 
vdition  or  action.  —  Syn. 
Inducement ;  reason. 

Mot'ley,  a.  Variegated  in 
color ;  party-colored. 

M^tor,  n.   A  moving  power. 

M6tfto  (18),  n.  A  sentence 
IlKnipfixed  to  an  essay,  &c. ;  an 
'inscription. 

Mfiuld,  MouPder,  &c.  See 
Maid,  Molder,  &c. 

MSult.    See  Molt. 

Mouiid,  n.  A  raised  bank  ;  a 
b^wark ;  a  rampart. 

MlDtnit,n.  A  hill;  mountain  ; 
li«ip. — V.  i.  To  rise  ;  to- 
soar. — v.t.  To  put  on  an)"^ 
thing  that  sustains  and  fits 
for  use ;  to  ascend. 

Mountain,  w.  A  mass  of 
earth  and  rock  higher  than ' 
a  hill.         [on  a  mountain. 

JVIount''ain-eer',  n.  A  dweller 

Mount'ain-ous,  a  Abound- 
ing with  mountains  ;  huge, 

Mount'e-bank,  n.  A  quack- 
doctor  ;  a  boastful  pretender. 

Mourn,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  grieve  ; 
to  lament.  [mourns. 

MGurn'er,    n.      One  who 

Mourn'ful,  a.  Sorrowful; 
lamentable.  [row. 

Mourn'ful-ly,  adv.  Withsor- 

Mourn'ing,  n .  Act  of  sorrow- 
ing ;  dress  of  mourners. 

Mouse  (21),  n.  A  small  well- 
known  animal. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  tcTo,  tobk  j  txni  rjje,  p\ill ;  f,     soft ;  -e,  g,  hard;     ;  exist ;  c  as  ng ;  this. 


MOUSE 

Mouse,  v.i.  To  watch  for  and 
catch  mice  ;  to  be  ^\y. 

Mous'er,  ??.  A  cat  that 
catches  mice. 

Mouth,  n.  The  aperture  be- 
tween the  hps,  aud  the  cav- 
ity Avithia  them  ;  aa  opea- 
ing,  as  of  a  cavern. 

Houth,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  utter 
vvith  a  loud,  affected  voice. 

tMouth'ful,  n.  As  much  as 
the  mouth  holds  at  once. 

Mouth'-piege,  n.  Part  of  an 
instrument  for  the  mouth ; 
a  spokesman. 

Mpv'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable 
of  being  moved. 

Mgv'a-bles,  n.  pi.  Goods, 
furniture,  &c. 

Move,v.  t.  To  put  in  motion; 
to  excite  to  action  or  com- 
passion ;  to  propose  or  rec- 
ommend. —  V.  i.  To  change 
place;  to  act;  to  make  a 
proposal.  —  n.  Act  of  mov- 
ing :  movement. 

Move'ment  (10),  n.  Act  of 
moving  ;  change  of  place  ; 
excitement.  —ISYN.  Motion. 

Mov'ing,  a.  Changing  place  ; 

pathetic. 
Mow  (m5u),  n.  A  pile  of  hay 
in  a  barn.— t.  To  heap 
up  in  a  barn. 
Mow,  V.  t.    [/wp.  mowed; 

p.  p.  MOWED,  MOWN.]  To 
cut  down  with  a  scythe. 
Mown,  v-  P-  of  Mow. 
Much,  a.    Great  in  quantity 
or  amount. — n.    A  great 
quantity  or  amount.  — adv. 
1  n  a  great  degree. 
Mii'gi-lage,  n.    A  viscous  or 
adhesive  substance,  [ropy. 
Mu^gi-lag'i-noiis,  a.  Slimy ; 
Miick,  n.    A  mass  of  moist 

matter  ;  any  thing  filthy. 
Mu-eous,  a.  Slimy  ;  viscous. 
Mu'-eus,w.  A  shmy  or  viscous 

animal  fluid. 
Mud,  n.  Earth  v^et,  soft,  and 
adhesive;  mire. — v.  t.  To 
make  foul  with  mud. 
Mud'dle,  V.   t.     To  make 

muddy  or  confused. 
MM'dy  (13),  a.  Foul ;  dirty. 
—  V.  t.    To  make  foul;  to 
soil ;  to  dirty. 


174 

Muff  (1),  n.  A  warm  fur  cover 
for  the  hands.  [cake. 
Mui'iin,  n.  A  light  kind  of 
Muffle,  V.  t.  To  cover  close. 
Muffler,  n.    A  cover  for  the 

face,  head,  or  neck. 
Muf'ti(18),  n.  An  official  ex- 
pounder of  Mohammedan 
law  in  Turkey,  [drink  from. 
Mug,  n.    A  kind  of  cup  to 
Mug'gy,  a.   Moist  and  close. 
Mu-lat'to,  n.  {pi-  Mu-lat'- 
toes,  18.)    The  child  of  a 
black  and  a  white  person. 
MuPber-ry,  n.    A  tree  and 

its  berry  or  fruit. 
Mulch,  n.  Half-rotten  straw. 
Mulct,  n.    A  pecuniary  pen- 
alty. —  V.  t.    To  punish  by 
a  fine  ;  to  fine. 
Mule,  n.  An  animal  or  plant 
of  a  mongrel  kind,  [mules. 
Mu'let-eer',  n.    A  driver  of 
Mui'ish,  a.    Like  a  mule ; 

stubborn ;  perverse. 
Mull-(l),  V.  t.    To  spice  and 

sweeten,  as  wine. 
Mul'ler,  n.      A  stone  for 

grinding  pigments. 
Mull'ion,  n.   A  bar  in  a  win- 
dow frame,    [great  variety. 
Muiai-fa'ri-ous,  a.    Having  I 
Muiai-form,  a.    Having  va- 
rious forms  or  shapes.  ] 
MuFti-form'i-ty,  n  Diver- 
sity of  forms,  [many  names. 
MulHi-no'mi-al,  a.'  Having 
Mul-tip'ar-tite,  a.  Divided 

into  many  parts. 
Mul'ti-ped,  n.  An  insect  with 

many  feet. 
Mul'ti-ple,  n.  A  number  ex- 
actly divisible  by  another. 
MiiVti-pli-€and',  n.  A  num- 
ber to  bcmultiphed. 
Miiiai-pli-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
multiplying.  [variety. 
Mul'ti-piiQ/i-ty,  n.    A  great 
Mul'ti-pll^er,  n.    One  who, 

or  that  which,  multiplies. 
Mul'ti-ply,  V.  To  increase  in 
numbers.  [number. 
MiiVti-tude,   n.       A  great 
MuVti-tu'di-nous,  n.  Con- 
sisting of  a  great  number. 
Mum,  n.    A  sort  of  strong 
beer. 

Miim'ble,  v.    To  mutter. 


MUSEUM 

Mum'mer,  n.  A  masked  buf- 
foon,   [masks;  buffoonery. 
Mvim'mer-y,  n.     Sport  in 
Mum'my  (19),  n.     A  dead 

human  body  embalmed. 
Mump'ish,  o.  Grum  ;  sullen. 
Mumps,  ?^.  Inflammation  of 

the  parotid  gland. 
Munch,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  chew 

continuously  upon. 
Mun'dane,  a.    Belonging  to 

this  world. 
Mu-nig'i-pal,  a.  Belonging 

to  a  city  or  corporation. 
Mu-niQ^i-pai'l-ty,  n.   A  dis- 
trict. 

Mu-nif  i-genge,  n.  Liberal- 
ity ;  generosity. 
Mu-nif'i-gent.  a.  Giving  gen- 
erously. —  Syn.  Liberal; 
beneficent ;  bountiful. 
Mu'ni-ment,  n.  A  fortifica- 
tion ;  a  record  or  title-deed. 
Mu-ni'ticn    (-nish/un),  n. 

Materials  for  war.  [wall. 
Mu'ral,  a.    Pertain  in  g  to  a 
Mur'der,  n.  Act  of  killing  a 
human  being  with  premed- 
itated malice,  —  v.  t.  To 
assassinate ;  to  destroy. 
Mur'der-er,  n.    One  who  is 

guilty  of  murder. 
Mur'der-cus,  a.  Pertaining 
j     to,  or  guilty  of,  murder. 
Mu'ri-afi-e,    a.  Obtained 
from ,  or  having  the  nature 
of,  sea-salt. 
Mr.rk'y,  a.  Dark  ;  gloomy. 
Mur'mur,  r.  t.    To  mutter; 
to  grumble;  to  purl. — n. 
A  low,  continued  noise  ;  a 
half-suppressed  complaint. 
Mur'rain,  n.    An  infectious 

disease  among  cattle. 
Mus'gle   (mus^sl),   n.  The 
fleshy  fiber  in  animals  ;  a 
certain  shell-fish.  [sugar. 
Mus^-eo-va'do,  n.-  Unrefined 
Mus'-eu-lar,  a.    Relating  to 
the  muscles  ;  strong  ;  power- 
ful ;  brawny. 
Mu§e  (18),  7\.  Deep  thought; 
( pi. )  the  nine  goddesses  pre- 
siding  over  the  arts  and 
sciences,  —  v.  i.    To  think 
deeplv. 

Mu-§e'um,  n.    A  repository 
or  cabinet  of  curiosities. 


r>  1  tt  11  V 


lon^ ;  5,  6  J,  6,  tt.  %  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  gll,  wh^t ;  8re,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm  ? 


MUSII 


175 


NAMESAKE 


Mush,  n.  Food  made  of  maizo 
uieal.  [plant. 

Mush'room,  »i.   A  fuisgous 

Mu'gie  (6), n.  Science  of  har- 
monical  sounds  ;  melody  or 
harmony.  [harmonious. 

Mu'§i-c-al,  a.       Melodious  ; 

Ma'sio-al-ly,  adv.  In  a  mu- 
sical manner. 

Ma-§i'cian  (-zTih^an),  n.  One 
skilled  in  music. 

Musk,  n.  An  animal,  and  a 
strong-scented  substance 
procured  from  it.  —  v.  t.  To 
perfume  with  musk. 

Mus'ket,  n.  A  kind  of  fire- 
arm, [general. 

Mus'ket-ry,  n.    Muskets  in 

Musk'-mePon,  n.  A  fra- 
grant species  of  melon. 

Musk'-6x,  n.  A  kind  of  ox 
living  in  the  country  about 
Hudson's  Bay. 

Musk'y,  a.  Having  the  odor 
of  musk.  [cloth. 

Mus'lin,  n.     A  fine  cotton 

Mus-qui'to.   See  Mosquito. 

Mus'sul-man  (21),  n.  A  be- 
liever in  the  Koran  ;  a  Mo- 
hammedan. 

Must,  v.i.  To  be  obliged;  to  be 
morally  fit.  — v.  t.  To  grow 
moldy  or  sour.  —  n.  New 
wine  unfermented. 

Mus-taQhe',  n.  sing.  )  Hair 

,Mus-ta'Qhes,  n. /v/.  )  on 
the  upper  lip. 

Mus'tarcl,  n.  A  plant,  and  a 
condiment  prepared  from  it. 

Mus'ter,  v,  t,  or  i.   To  as- 


semble. —  n.  A  review  of 
troops  ;  assemblage  and  dis- 
play. [Iness  ;  sourness-. 

Mus'ti-ness  (13),  n.  Mold- 

Mus'ty,  a.  Aifected  with 
mold  ;  stale. 

Muaa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Change- 
ableness  ;  inconstancy. 

Mu'ta-ble,  a.  Subject,  or  1 
given  to,  change ;  change- 
able; fickle;  inconstant. 

Mu-ta'tion,  n.  Change  or 
process  of  changing. 

Mute,  a.  Silent ;  speechless  ; 
dumb.  —  n.  One  who  is 
silent  or  speechless. 

Mute'ly  (10),a£/i'.  Silently. 

Mute'ness,  n.  Silence. 

Mu'ti-late,  v.  t.  To  cut  off, 
as  a  limb  ;  to  mangle. 

Mu''tl-la'tion,  n.  Depriva- 
tion of  an  essential  part. 

Ma''ti-neer',  n.  One  who  joins 
in  a  mutiny,  [disorderly. 

Mu'ti-nous,  a.     Seditious  ; 

Mu'ti-ny,  n.  An  insurrection 
of  soldiers  or  seamen.  —  v.  ?'. 
To  rise  against  military  or 
naval  authority. 

Mut'ter,  V.  To  speak  low  and 
sullenly,  or  in  complaint; 
to  murmur  ;  to  grumble. 

Mut'ton,  n.    Flesh  of  sheep. 

Mut'u-al,  a.  Reciprocal  ; 
acting  in  return. 

Mut'u-aJ'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  mutual  ;  reciproca- 
tion, [cally. 

Mut'u-al-ly,  arlv.  Recipro- 

Muz'zle,  V.  t.    To  fasten  the 


mouth  of.  —  n.  Mouth  .ind 
nose  of  an  animal ;  a  fi.-teu- 
ing  for  the  mouth. 

My,  a.    Belonging  to  rro. 

Myr'i-ad,  n.  The  nunibcr  of 
10. (JUL)  ;  a  large  nun.^er. 

Myr'mi-don  (mrr/ml-)  A 
rough  soldier;  a  ruffian. 

Myrrh  (mcr),  n.  An  in;  pio- 
sated  sap  in  drops. 

Myr'tle  (mt-r/tl),  n.  A  shrub 
of  several  sp<icie3.  [other. 

My-self,  pron.  I ;  not  an- 

Mys-te'ri-ous,  a.  Full  of 
mystery  ;  obscure. 

Mys'ter-y,  n.  A  profound 
secret ;  an  enigma  ;  a  trade. 

Mj»s'ti€,  n.  One  who  pro- 
fesses to  have  direct  inter- 
course with  God. 

M/s'tic,      I  a.       Obscure  ; 

Mys'ti€-al,  )  secret ;  hidden  ; 
allegorical ;  emblematical. 
1  Mys'ti€-al-ly,  adv.    With  a 
I     secret  meaning. 
'  Mys'ti-Qigm,  n.  Obscurity 
I     of  doctrine  ;  the  doctrines 

of  mystics. 
}  Mys'ti-fy,  v.  t.    To  perplex 
!  purposely. 

'  Mv^th.  n.    A  religious  fable. 
I  My-th'ic.  a.  Fabufous. 
Mvth'o-log'i-e,      I  a.  Per- 
Myth/o-16g'i€-al,j  taining 
j     to  mythology. 
I  My-th6Po-gist,     n.  One 
versed  in  mythology. 
My-th61'o-gy,  n.    A  system 
of  fabulous  doctrines  re- 
specting heathen  deities. 


NT. 


AB,  v.  t.    To  catch  sud- 
denly ;  to  seize. 
Na'bob,  n.    A  viceroy  Sn  In- 
dia ;  a  very  rich  man. 
Kl'-ere     (nicker,     29),  n. 

Mother  of  pearl. 
Na'dir,  n.   Point  directly  op- 
posite the  zenith. 
Nag,  n.    A  small  horse. 
Na'iad  (na-'yad),  n.  (Eng.  pi. 


Na'iads;  Lat.  pi.  Na'ia- 
des  or  l^a-i'a-de§.)  A  water 
nymph. 

Nail,  n.  A  claw ;  a  horny  sub- 
stance on  the  ends  of  the 
fingers ;  an  iron  pin ;  two 
inches  and  a  quarter.  —  r. 
t.  {%)  To  fasten  with  a  nail. 

Na'ked,  a.  Having  no  cov- 
ering ;  bare ;  nude. 


Na'ked-ly,    adv.     Openly ; 

plainly ;  barrenly. 
Na'ked-ness,  n.  Bareness. 
Name,  n.   Title  ;  reputation. 

—  V.   t.     To  mention  by 

name  ;  to  denominate. 
Name 'less  (10),  a.  Having 

no  name. 
Name'ly,  adv.  That  is  to  say. 
I  Name'sake  (17),  n.  A  person 


89n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  Urn,  rije,  pull ;  p,  g;,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  a£  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  tl;iis. 


NANKEEN 


176 


NEED 


of  the  same  name  as  anoth- 
er, [cotton  cloth. 

Nan-keen',  n.    A  yellowish 

Nap,  n.  A  short  sleep  ;  AvooUy 
substance  on  cloth.  —  v.  i. 
To  sleep  a  short  time. 

Nape,  n.  The  back  part  of 
the  neck. 

Naph'tha  (naphtha  or  nSf/- 
tha),  n.  A  bituminous  and 
inflammable  liquid. 

Nap'kin,  n.  A  cloth  to  wipe 
the  mouth  and  hands. 

Nap'py,  a.  Sleepy  ;  causing 
sleepiness ;  heady  ;  downy. 

Nar-eot'i-e,  a.  Inducing 
sleep.  —  n..    An  opiate. 

Nard,  n.  An  odorous  plant 
and  an  unguent  made  from 
it ;  spikenard. 

Nar'rate,  or  Nar-rate',  v.  t. 
To  tell ;  to  relate. 

Nar-ra'tion,  n.  Relation  ;  re- 
hearsal ;  recital ;  account. 

N^r'ra-tive,  n.  A  recital  of 
particulars ;  a  story. 

Nar'row,  a.  Having  little 
^Yidth  ;  close ;  covetous.  — 
V.  To  make  or  become  less 
broad ;  to  contract. 

Nar'row-ly,  adv.  Closely; 
nearly  ;  hardly  ;  barely. 

Nar'rows,  n.  pL  A  narrow 
passage ;  a  strait. 

Nar'whal,  n.  A  kind  of 
whale,  called  also  sea-uni- 
corn. 

Na'sal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
nose.         [exist  or  to  grow. 

Nas'Qent,  a.    Beginning  to 

Nas'ty,  a.  Dirty  ;  filthy  ;  vile. 

Na'tal,  a.  Relating  to  na- 
tivity or  birth. 

Nil'tion,  n.  People  living 
under  one  government :  a 
race ;  a  stock. 

Na'tion-al  (nash'un-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  a  nation. 

Na'tion-aPi-ty  (nash^un-),  n. 
Love  of  one^s  nation  ;  a  na- 
tion ;  a  race. 

Na'tive,  a.  Born  with  the 
being ;  pertaining  to  the 
place  of  one's  birth.  —  Syn. 
Natural ;  natal.  —  n.  One 
born  in  a  place. 

Na-tiv'i-ty,  n.  Time,  place, 
or  circumstances  of  birth. 


NS.t'u-ral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
nature ;  regular ;  not  re- 
vealed ;  unatfected.  —  n.  An 
idiot :  a  fool. 

Nat'u-ral-ist,  n.  One  yersed 
in  natural  history. 

Nat^u-ral-i-za'tion,  n.  Ad- 
mission to  native  privileges. 

Nat'u-ral-ize  (31),  ^•.  «.  To 
confer  the  rights  of  citizen- 
ship on.  [to  nature. 

Nat'u-ral-ly,  adv.  According 

Nat'ure,n.  Native  character ; 
kind  ;  sort  ;  the  creation  or 
universe  ;  established  or 
regular  course  ;  natural  af- 
fection, [bad;  vile. 

Naught  (nawt),  n.  Nothing  ; 

Naught'i-ly  (nawt^-),  adv.  In 
a  naughty  manner. 

Naught'i-ness,  n.  Badness ; 
perverseness.  [corrupt. 

Naught'y  (nawt/y),  a.  Bad; 

Nau'se-a(naw^she-a),  w.  Sick- 
ness at  the  stomach  ;  loath- 
ing ;  qualm. 

Nau'se-ate  (naw/she-at),i'.  t. 
To  affect  or  reject  with  dis- 
gust ;  to  loathe.  [some. 

Nau'seous  (-shus),  a.  Loath- 

Nau'ti€-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
seamen  or  to  navigation. 

Nau'ti-lus,  n.  A 
certain  mollusk  or 
its  shell. 

Na'val,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  ships.  Nautilus. 

Nave,  n.  Middle  part  of  a 
church  and  also  of  a  Avheel. 

Na'vel  (na'vl),  n.  The  middle 
of  the  abdomen.  [ships. 

Nav'i-ga-ble,  a.  Passable  for 

Nav'i-gate,  -y.  i.  or  To  pass 
with  ships  ;  to  sail. 

Nav^i-ga'tion,  n.  Act  or  art 
of  navigating  ;  ships  in  gen- 
eral. 

Nav'i-ga''tor,  n.  One  who  di- 
rects the  course  of  a  ship. 

Na'vy,  n.  A  fleet  of  ships, 
especially  of  war-ships. 

Nay,  adv.  No  ;  a  word  of  de- 
nying. —  n.  Denial. 

Neap,  n.  The  pole  of  a  cart. 
—  a.  Low;  as,  neap  tides. 

Near,  a.  Not  distant ;  close  ; 
intimate  ;  immediate  ;  cov- 
etous.—  V.  To  approach. — 


adv.  "Within  a  little.  — prep. 
Close  by  ;  not  far  from .  [ly. 

Near'ly,a(^f.  At  hand ;  close- 

Near'ness,  n.  Closeness. 

Near'-sighVed  (-sit^-),  a. 
Seeing  at  a  small  distance 
only.  [pure» 

Neat,  a.    Very  clean  ;  nice; 

Neat'-e^t^tle,  n.  pi.  Oxen 
and  cows. 

Neat'ly,  adv.  Cleanly ;  nicely. 

Neat'ness,  n.  Cleanliness; 
niceness ;  purity. 

Neb'u-la,  n.  {pi.  Neb'u-lae, 
25.)  A  faint  misty  spot  in 
the  sky,  composed  of  innu- 
merable stars. 

Neb^u-16s'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  nebulous. 

Neb'u-lous,  a.  Resembling 
a  nebula,  or  a  collection  of 
vapors.  [needful. 

NeQ'es-sa-rie§,n  p^.  Things 

NeQ'es-sa-ri-ly,  adv.  From 
necessity  ;  inevitably. 

Neg'es-sa-ry,  a.  Such  as 
must  be ;  indispensable. 

Ne-Qes'si-tate,tJ. To  make 
necessary  ;  to  compel. 

Ne-Qes'si-tous,  a.  Very  needy. 

Ne-g6s'si-ty,  n.  That  which 
must  be  ;  pressing  need  ; 
extreme  indigence ;  irresist- 
ible force. 

Neck,  n.  The  part  between 
the  head  and  body  ;  a  nar- 
row tract  of  land. 

Neck'€loth,  n.  A  cloth  for 
men-s  necks. 

Neck'er-chief  (17),  n.  A  ker- 
chief for  the  neck. 

Neck'lage,  n.  A  string  of 
beads,  &c.,  for  the  neck. 

Ne-€r61'0'gy,  n.  A  register 
of  the  dead  or  of  deaths. 

Ne€'ro-man''Qer,  n.  A  sor- 
cerer ;  a  wizard. 

Nee'ro-man/Qy,  n.  Conjurar 
tion  ;  sorcery  ;  witchcraft. 

Ne€'tar,  n.  The  fabled  drink 
of  the  gods.  [tar. 

Ne-e-ta're-an,  a.    Like  nec- 

Ne€'tar-ine,  n.  A  variety  of 
the  peach. 

Ne-c'tar-y ,  n.  The  honey-cup 
of  a  flower. 

Need,  n.  Occasion  for  some- 
thing; urgent  want. — Syn. 


a,  e,  I,  6,  u,  y ,  long  /  5,  e,  1, 6,  tt,  5^,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t  j  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


NEEDFUL 


177 


NICTITATION 


Necessity  ;  exigency  ;  strait. 

—  V.  t.  To  want. — v.i.  To 
be  wanted.  [requisite. 

Need'ful  (17),  a.  Necessary  ; 

Nee'd.le(18),  n.  A  pointed  in- 
strument for  sewinj?,  and 
for  the  mariner's  compass. 

Need'less,  a.  Unnecessary. 

Need'less-ly,  adv.  Without 
necessity. 

Needg,  a(Jv.  Indispensably. 

Need'y,  a.  Necessitous  ;  poor. 

Ne'cr,  adv.  A  contraction  of 
Never.  [wicked. 

Ne-fa/ri-ous,  a.  Abominably 

Ne-ga'tion,  n.  Denial. 

Neg'a-tive,  a.  Implying  de- 
nial.—  n.  A  word  indicating 
denial,  as  not.  —  v.  t.  To 
prove  the  contrary  of;  to 
deny.  [or  by  denial. 

Neg'a-tive-ly,  adv.  With 

Neg-le<;t',  v.  t.  To  omit  by 
carelessness.  —  n.  Omis- 
sion ;  slight.  [careless. 

Neg-lect'ful,  a.    Heedless  ; 

Neg'li-gen'ge,  n.  Habitual 
omission  of  that  which 
ought  to  be  done. 

Neg'll-gent,  a.  Apt  to  neg- 
lect ;  heedless ;  inattentive. 

Ne-go'ti-a-ble  (-shT-a-),  a. 
Capable  of  being  negotiated. 

Ne-go'ti-ate  (-shi-fit),  v.  To 
trade  ;  to  treat  with  ;  to  sell. 

Ne-go''ti-a'tion  ( -shl-a/shun ), 
n.  A  treaty  of  business. 

Ne'gress,  n.  A  female  negro. 

Ne'gro,  n.  (pi.  Ne'groes, 
18),  n.  A  black  African,  or  a 
descendant  of  one. 

Ne'gus,  n.  Wine,  water,  su- 
gar, and  lemon-juice,  mixed. 

Neigh  (na),  v.  i.  To  whinny, 
as  a  horse.  — n.  Voice  of  a 
horse. 

Neigh'bor  (na/bur),  n.  One 
who  lives  near ;  a  country^ 
or  nation  near.  —  v.  i.  To 
live  near ;  to  adjoin. 

Neigh'bor-ing  (na/-),  a. 
Living  or  being  near. 

Neigh'bor-hdbd  (na/-),  n.  A 
place  near ;  vicinity. 

Neigh'bor-ly  (na/-),  a.  Culti- 
vating familiar  intercourse. 

Nei'ther  (ne/ther  or  ni/ther  ; 

—  the  former  mode  is  much 


to  be  preferred],  pron.  Not 
either.  —  conj.  Nor. 

Ne-61'o-gi§m,  n.  A  new  word 
or  expression. 

Ne-61'o-gist,  n.  One  who 
holds  to  neology. 

Ne-61'o-gy,  n.  Introduction 
or  use  of  new  words  or 
terms  ;  new  doctrines,  [vert. 

Ne'o-phyte,  n.    A  new  con- 

Neph'ew  (nef/yij  ;  in  Eng. 
nev/yu),  n.  Son  of  a  brother 
or  sister. 

Ne-phrit'i-c,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  kidneys.  [relations. 

Nep'o-tigm,  n.  Favoritism  to 

Ne're-id,  n.  A  sea-nymph. 

Nerve  (18),  n.  An  organ  of 
sensation  and  motion  in  ani- 
mals ;  firmness  ;  strength. — 
V.  t.  To  give  vigor  to. 

Nerve'less  (10),  a.  Without 
strength. 

Nerv'ine  (11),  a.  Good  for 
the  nerves.  —  n.  A  medi- 
cine that  soothes  nervous 
excitement. 

Nerv'ous,  a.  Of  or  pertaining 
to  the  nerves  ;  strong  ;  vig- 
orous ;  having  weak  or  dis- 
eased nerves. 

Nerv'ous-ly,  adv.  In  a  nerv- 
ous manner. 

Nerv'ous-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  nervous,  [norance. 

Nes'cienQe  (nesh/enss),  n.  Ig- 

Nest,  w.  A  bed  for  birds  or 
insects  ;  a  collection  of  box- 
es, &c. 

Nes'tle  (nes/1),  v.  i.  To  lie 
close  ;  to  move  restlessly. 

Nest 'ling  (nes/-),  n.  A  bird 
just  hatched. 

Net,  n.  An  instrument  of 
mesh -work  for  catching  fish 
and  fowls.  —  v.  t.  (7)  To 
make  into  net-work  ;  to  pro- 
duce in  clear  profit.  —  a. 
Clear  of  all  charges  and  de- 
ductions. 

Netii'er,  a.  Lower  ;  infernal. 

Netii'er-m5st,  a.  Lowest. 

Net'ting,  n.  A  piece  of  net- 
work. 

Net'tle,  n.    A  prickly  plant. 

—  V.  t.  To  sting  ;  to  vex. 
N6t'-work  (-wQrk),  n.  Work 

wrought  for  or  like  a  net. 


Neu-r3,l'gi-a,  n.   Acute  pain 

in  the  nerves. 
Neu-ral'^i€,  a.    Relating  to 

neuralgia. 
Neu'ter,  a.  Of  neither  party ; 

of  neither  gender. 
Neu'tral,  a.    Not  of  either 
party .  —  n.    One  that  takea 
no  part  in  a  contest. 
Neu-trai'i-ty,  n.    State  of 
being  neutral ;  indifi'erence. 
Neu/tral-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
rendering  neuter,  [neutral. 
Neii'tral-ize,  v.  t.  To  render 
Nev'er,  ndv.    At  no  time. 
Ney/er-tlie-lfess',  adv.  Not- 
withstanding ;  however ;  yet. 
New  (nti),  a.  Fresh  ;  recent ; 

modern.  [formed. 
New-f^n'gled,  a.  Newly 
New'ly,~ar/r.  Freshly  ;  lately. 
New'ness,  n.      Freshness  ; 

novelty;  recent  change. 
New§,  n.  Fresh  information. 
News'mon/ger  (-mung/ger), 

n.   A  dealer  in  news. 
New§'pa-per,  n.    A  paper  to 

circulate  news. 
Newt  (niit),  n.  A  small  lizard. 
Next,  a.    Nearest  in  place, 
time  or  rank.  —  adv.  At  the 
time  or  turn  nearest. 
Nib,  n.  A  point,  as  of  a  pen  ; 

the  end  of  a  beak. 
Nib'ble,  71.    A  little  bite.  — 

V.  i.  or  t.   To  eat  slowly. 
Nige,  a.     Pleasing  ;  exact ; 

fine  ;  refined  ;  squeamish. 
Nige'ly,  adv.  Accurately; 

delicately. 
Ni'ge-ty,  n.    Accuracy  ;  mi- 
nuteness ;  delicacy.  [wall. 
Niche,  n.  A  small  recess  in  a 
Nick,  n.    A  notch  ;  a  score 
for  keeping  an  account ;  ex- 
act point.  —  V.  t.   To  cut  in 
notches  ;  to  hit.  [metal. 
Nick'el,  n.    A  grayish- white 
Nick'-nacks,  n.  pt.  Small 

wares  ;  trities. 
Nick'name,  n.    A  name  in 
sport  or  contempt.  —  v.  t. 
To  name  in  contempt  or 
familiarity. 
Ni€'tate,     )  V.  I.  To  wink ; 
Ni€'ti-tate,  j     to  blink. 
Ni€-ta'tion.     )  n.    The  act 
Ni«/ti-ta'tion,  j  of  winkifag. 


son 


I,  or,  do,  wolf,  tob,  tobk ;  1irn,  rije,  pull ;  9,     soft ;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 
12 


NIECE 


178 


NON-RESISTANCE 


Niege,  n.   A  dauglfter  of  a 

brother  or  sister. 
Nig'gard,  n.  A  stiugy  person. 
Nig'gard,     }  a.  Sordidly 
Nig'gard-ly,  j  parsimoni- 
ous ;  meanly  covetous. 
Nigh  (ni),  a.    Near;  allied 

closely.  —  adv.       Nearly  ; 

closely. — prep.    Near  to. 
Night  (nit),  n.    Time  from 

sunset  to  sunrise. 
Night'cap  (nit/-),  n.    A  cap 

worn  in  bed.  [of  day. 

Night'-fall  (nit/-),  n.  Close 
Night'go'wn  (nTt^-),  n.  A 

loose  gown  worn  in  bed. 
Night'hawk  (nTt/-),n.  A  bird 

that  hunts  its  prey  toward 

evening. 
Night'in-gale  (nTt'-),  n.  A 

SDiall  bird  that  sings  at 

night. 

Night'ly  (nIt/150,  a.  Done 
by  night.  —  adv.  Every 
night. 

Night'mare  (nit/-),  n.  Sen- 
sation of  weight  on  the 
breast  in  sleep. 

Night'shade  (nit/-),  n.  A 
plant  with  small  white 
flowers. 

Night'-watch  (nW-),  n.  A 
division  or  period  of  the 
night ;  guard  at  night. 

Ni-hil'i-ty,  n.  Nothingness. 

Nim'ble,  a.  Light  and  quick 
in  motion ;  brisk  ;  agile. 

Nim'bly,  adv.    With  agility. 

Nim'bus,  n.  Circle  of  rays 
round  the  head ;  a  halo. 

Nine,  a.  Eight  and  one 
added.  [or  game. 

Nlne'ping,  n.  A  kind  of  play 

Nine'teen,  a.  Nine  and  ten. 

Nme'ti-eth,  a.  Ordinal  of  90. 

Nine'ty,  a.  Nine  times  ten. 

Nm'ny,  n.    A  simpleton. 

Ninth,  n.  The  ordinal  of  nine. 

Nip,  V.  t.  To  pinch ;  to  blast, 
as  by  frost ;  to  destroy  ;  to 
bite.  —  w.  A  pinch ;  a  blast. 

Nip'perg,  n.  pi.  Small  pinch- 

Nip'ple,  n.    A  teat.  [era. 

Nit,  n.    The  egg  of  an  insect. 

Nit'id,  a.    Shining  ;  gay. 

NPter  I  (29),  n.    Nitrate  of 

Nl'tre  \  potassa,  a  white 
chemical  salt. 


Ni'trate,  n.  A  salt  formed  of 
nitric  acid  and  a  base. 

NI'tri€,  a.   Containing  niter. 

Nl'tro-gen,  n.  A  gas,  having 
no  taste  or  smell. 

NPtrous,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  containing,  niter. 

No,  adv.    A  word  of  denial. 

—  a.  Not  any  ;  none. 
No-bil'i-ty,  n.     Dignity  of 

mind;  distinction  of  family 
or  rank ;  body  of  nobles. 
No'ble,  a.     Dignified  from 
rank,  intellect,  or  character. 

—  Syn.  Exalted;  elevated; 
honorable.  — n.  A  person 
of  rank. 

No'ble-man  (21),  n.  A  man 
of  rank. 

No'ble-ness,  n.  Greatness  of 
mind  ;  dignity  ;  worth. 

No-blesse',  or'Nd'blesse,  n. 
Body  of  nobles. 

No'bly,  adv.  With  dignity  ; 
with  greatness  of  soul, 
splendor,  &c.  [one. 

No'b6d-y,  n.  No  person ;  no 

No-e-tam'bu-list,  n.  One  who 
walks  in  sleep. 

No-c-tur'nal,  a.  Nightly. 

N6d,  n.  A  quick  inclination 
of  the  head.  —  v.  i.  To  bow 
the  head. 

Nod'dle,  n.    The  head. 

Nod'dy,  n.    A  simpleton. 

N5de,  n.  A  knot ;  point 
where  the  orbit  of  a  planet 
intersects  the  ecliptic. 

N6d'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  in  the  form  of,  a  nodule. 

N6d'ule,  n.  A  rounded  mass 
of  irregular  shape. 

N6g,  n.  A  little  pot ;  a  nog- 
gin ;  strong  ale  ;  a  wooden 
pin.  [wooden  cup. 

N6g'gin,  n.    A  small  mug  or 

Noise  (18),  n.  Sound  of  any 
kind.  —  V.  i.  or  t.  To  sound 
loud.  [noise. 

Noi§e'less,  a.     Making  no 

Noi'§i-ly,  adv.    AVith  noise. 

Noi'§i-ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing noisy. 

Noi'some,  a.  Offensive ;  hurt- 
ful and  disgusting. 

Noi'§y  (noi/z.V),  a.  Clamor- 
ous ;  boisterous ;  turbulent. 
N6m'ad,  n.    One  who  leads 


a  wandering  and  pastoral 

life.  [place  to  place. 

No-mad'i€,  a.  Moving  from 
N6/men-elat'ilre,  n.  System 

of  names  in  any  art  or 

science. 

Nom'i-nal,  a.  Existing  in 
,  name  only ;  not  real .  [only. 
N6m'i-nal-ly,  adv.  In  name 
Nom'i-nate,  v.  t.    To  name; 

to  propose.  [nominating. 
N6m/i-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 
N6m'i-na-tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  name. — n.  Case 
in  which  the  subject  of  a 
verb  stands. 
Nomd-nee',  n.    One  desig- 
nated by  another. 
N6n'age,n.  Minority  in  age. 
Non'-at-tend'ange,  n.  A 

failure  to  attend. 
N6n/-€on-du€t'or,n.  A  sub- 
stance that  does  not  trans- 
mit heat  or  electricity. 
N6n/-eon-f6rm'ist,  n.  One 
who  does  not  conform  to  an 
established  church. 
N6n/-eon-f6rra'i-ty,  n.Want 

of  conformity. 
N6n'de-S€ript,  a.  Not  hith- 
erto described. 
None  (nttn  ornon),a.  &  pron. 

No  one ;  not  any. 
Non-en'ti-ty,n.  A  thing  not 

existing, 
N5ne§,  n.  pi.     In  ancient 
Rome,  the  7th  of  March, 
May,  July,  and  October, 
and  the  5th  of  the  other 
months.        [has  no  equal. 
N6ne'such,  n.    A  thing  that 
N6n/-ex-ist'enQe,  n.  Want 

of  existence. 
Non-ju'ror,  or  NSn'-j^-ror, 
n.     One  who  refuses  to 
swear  allegiance. 
Non-pa-r6il',  (-relO,  n.  A 
small  kind  of  type  like  that 
here  used. 
N6n'plus,  n.  A  puzzle. —  v.  t. 

To  puzzle ;  to  confound. 
Non-r6§'i-dent,  a.  Not  re- 
siding in  a  particular  place. 
—  n.  One  who  does  not  re- 
side on  his  estate. 
N6n/-re-§ist'ange,  n.  Sub- 
mission to  authority  or 
power  without  opposition. 


a,  C,  1, 6,  n, y ,  long ;  a,  c,  i ,  6,  u,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t :  Sre,  vQil,  torm ;  pique,  firm ; 


NON-RESISTANT 


179 


NUMISMATICS 


N6ii^-re-§ist'ant,  a.  Not  re- 
sisting power  or  oppression. 

NSn'sense,  n.  Words  with- 
out meaning  or  importance. 

Non-sens'i€-al,  a.  Unmean- 
ing;  absurd;  foolish. 

Ndn'suit,  n.  The  stopping 
of  a  suit  at  law.  — v.  t.  To 
adjudge  that  a  plaintiff 
drops  his  suit. 

No5k,  n.  A  corner ;  a  recess. 

Noon,  71.  Middle  of  the  day. 

Noon'day,  I  n.      Mid-day  ; 

Ndbn'tlde,  )     time  of  noon. 

Ndbn'ing,  n.  Repose  at  noon. 

Noose  {or  nubz),  n.  A  run- 
ning knot. 

Noose  (nobz),  V.  t.  To  catch 
in  a  noose.  [nies. 

Nor,  conj.  A  word  that  de- 

Nor'mal,  a.  Regular  ;  teach- 
ing rudiments  or  principles. 

North,  n.  Point  opposite 
the  south.  —  a.  Being  in  the 
north,  [the  north  and  east. 

N6rth-east',n.  Point  between 

North-east'ern ,  a .  Per tain- 
ing  to  the  north-east. 

N6rth'er-ly,  a.  Being  to- 
>vard,  or  from,  the  north. 

Nortii'ern,  a.  Being  in,  or 
toward,  or  from,  the  north. 

N6rt±L'ward,  a.  Being  to- 
ward the  north.  —  adv.  In 
a  northern  direction. 

N6rth-w6st',  n.  The  point 
between  the  north  and  west. 
—  a.  Being  in,  or  proceed- 
ing from,  the  north-west. 

North-west 'ern,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  north-west. 

Nose,  n.  Prominent  part  of 
the  face  ;  organ  of  smell.  — 
V.  t.  To  smell;  to  lead 
"blindly.  [flowers. 

Nose'gay,  n.    A  bunch  of 

No-s6Po-gy,  n.  Classification 
of  diseases.  [the  nose. 

NSs'tril,  n.  A  passage  through 

N6s'trum,  n.  A  medicine, 
the  ingredients  of  which  are 
not  made  public. 

N6t,  ariv.  A  word  that  ex- 
presses denial  or  negation. 

N6t'a-ble,  a.  Remarkable; 
conspicuous ;  noted, 

Not'a-ble,  a.  Actively  in- 
dustrious. 


Not'a-bly,  adv.  Remarkably ; 
eminently.  [ously. 

N6t'a-bly,  adv.  Tndu&tri- 

No-ta'ri-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  done  by,  a  notary. 

No'ta-ry  (19),  n.  An  officer 
who  attests  writings. 

No-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  noting 
by  figures,  or  characters. 

N6tch(18), n.  Acutornick. 

Note,  n.  A  mark;  a  token; 
a  short  writing ;  a  charac- 
ter in  music  ;  a  paper  prom- 
ising payment  of  a  debt.  — 
V.  t.  To  set  down  ;  to  ob- 
serve closely  ;  to  denote. 

N5te'-b(5bk,  n.  Book  for 
notes  or  memoranda. 

Not'ed,  a.  Well  known  by 
reputation  or  report. 

Noth'ing  (nuth^ing  or  noth/- 
ing),  n.   Not  any  thing. 

Noth'ing-ness  [or  noth/ing-), 
n.  Non-existence;  nonentity. 

No'tige,  n.  Attention ;  re- 
mark ;  regard  ;  information. 
—  V.  t.   To  observe  ;  to  see. 

N6'tiQe-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
observation.  [notifying. 

No'ti-fi-^a'tion,  n.    Act  of 

No'ti-fy  (13),  V.  t.  To  de- 
clare ;  to  make  known. 

No'tion,  n.  Conception; 
opinion  ;  sentiment ;  atritle. 

No'tion-al,  a.  Existing  in  idea 
only  ;  whimsical ;  fanciful. 

No^to-ri'e-ty,  n.  Public 
knowledge  or  exposure. 

No-to'ri-ous,  a.  Publicly 
known  (usually  to  disad- 
vantage). 

N6t^witti-stS,nd'ing,  p.  pr. 
(commonly  called  an  adv.  or 
&conj.)  Nevertheless. 

Nought  (nawt).  See  Naught. 

Noun,  n.  A  word  which  is  the 
name  of  any  thing. 

Nour'ish,  v.  t.  To  support 
with  food ;  to  nurture ;  to 
feed ;  to  cherish. 

Nour'ish-ment,  n.  Food; 
sustenance  ;  nutrition. 

Nov'el,  a.  New  ;  recent ; 
unusual. — n.  A  fictitious 
tale.  [novels. 

N6v'el-ist  (8),  n.  A  writer  of 

N6v'el-ty,  n.  Newness;  a 
new  thing. 


No-v6m'ber,  n.  Eleventh 
month  of  the  year.  / 

N6v'ige,n.   A  beginner 

No-vi'ti-ate  (-vish'i-at),  n. 
State  of  a  novice  ;  a  novice. 

Now,  ac/v.  At  this  time. 

Now'a-day§,.ac/f.  At  the 
present  time.         [or  state. 

No^where,  adv.   In  no  place 

N6'wi§e,  adv.  By  no  means. 

Nox'ious  (nok'shus),  a. 
Hurtful  ;  destructive. 

N6z'zle,  71.  A  nose ;  snout. 

Nu'€le-us, «.  [pi.  Nu'€le-us- 
e§,  or  Nu'€le-i,  25.)  A  body 
about  which  any  thing  is 
collected  ;  body  of  a  comet. 

Nude,  a.  Bare;  naked. 

Nu'di-ty,  n.  Nakedness. 

Nu'ga-to-ry ,  a.  Of  no  force ; 
tritiing;  vain. 

Nug'get,  11.  A  lump  of  metal 
or  ore. 

Nui'sange,  n.  That  which  is 
offensive  to  the  public. 

Null  (1),  a.  Void ;  of  no  force. 

Nul'li-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
nullifying. 

Nul'li-fy,  V.  t.  To  make  void. 

NuFli-ty,  n.  Want  of  force  ; 
any  thing  void  or  invalid. 

Numb  (nilm),  a.  Torpid; 
void  of  feeling.  —  v.  t.  To 
deprive  of  feeling.  —  SVN. 
To  deaden  ;  chill ;  stupefy. 

Niim'ber,  n.  A  unit  or  any 
assemblage  of  units  ;  meas- 
ure ;  poetry  ;  verse ;  [pi.) 
fourth  book  of  the  Penta- 
teuch.—  V.  t.  To  count; 
to  reckon  ;  to  enumerate. 

Niim'ber-less,  a.  More  than 
can  be  counted. 

Nu'mer-al,  a.  Relating  to 
number. — n.  A  figure  or 
letter  to  express  a  number. 

Nii^mer-a'tion,  n.  Act  or 
art  of  numbering. 

Nu'mer-a^tor,  n.  A  number 
that  shows  how  many  parts 
are  taken.  [number. 

Nu-mer'i-e-al,  a.  Denoting 

Nu-mer'i€-al-ly,  adv.  With 
respect  to  number. 

Nu'mer-ous,  a.  Being  or 
containing  many. 

Nu''mis-niat'i-es,n.  sing.  The 
science  of  coins  and  medals. 


a6ii,  or,  do,  wglf,  tcTb,  tcJbk ;  Qm,  rye,  piiU ;  9,  ^,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


NUMSKULL 


180 


OBLIQUITY 


Num'skull  (17),  n.  A  block- 
head ;  a  dunce  ;  a  dolt. 

Nun,  n.  A  womaa  devoted 
to  a  religious  life,  and  living 
in  a  cloister. 

Nun'ci-0  (-shi-),  n.  Embas- 
sador of  the  pope. 

Nun-eu'pa-tive,  or  Nun'-eu- 
pa-'tive,  a.  Verbally  pro- 
nounced ;  not  written. 

Nun'ner-y,  n.  A  house  for 
nuns  ;  a  cloister. 

Nup'tiaKnup/shal),  a.  Per- 
taining to  marriage. 

Nup'tials,  n.  pi.  Marriage. 

Nurse,  n.  One  who  tends  a 
child  or  a  sick  person.  —  t;. 


t.  To  tend,  as  a  child ;  to 
tend,  as  a  sick  person. 

Nurs'er-y,  n.  A  room  for 
young  children  ;  a  planta- 
tion of  young  trees. 

Nurs'ling  (10),  n.  One  who 
is  nursed  ;  an  infant. 

Nurture,  n.  That  which 
nurtures  ;  education.  —  v.  t. 
To  feed ;  to  educate ;  to 
nourish. 

Nut,  n.  A  fruit  consisting  of 
a  hard  shell  and  a  kernel ;  a 
small  block  for  holding  a 
bolt. 

Nu-ta'tion,  n.  A  vibratory 
motion  of  the  earth's  axis. 


Nut'-gall,  n.  Excrescence  of 
the  oak. 

Nut'meg,  n.  A  kind  of  aro- 
matic nut  used  in  cookery. 

Nu'tri-ment,  n.  That  which 
nourishes.  —  Syn.  Aliment ; 
diet ;  nourishment ;  food. 

Nuari-ment'al,  I 

Nu-trPtious  (-trTsh^us),  j 
Nourishing  ;  nutritive. 

Nu-tri'tion(-trish''un),n.  Act 
of  nourishing  ;  that  which 
nourishes ;  nutriment. 

Nu'tri-tive,  a.  Nutritious  ; 
nourishing. 

Nymph,  n.  A  goddess;  a 
maiden. 


0. 


Ointerj.  used  in  calling  or 
,    in  direct  address  ;  also, 
to  express  pain,  grief,  sur- 
_  prise,  desire,  &c. 
Oaf,  n.  A  changeling  ;  a  dolt. 
Oak,  n.    A  valuable  tree. 
Oak'en,  a.    Made  of  oak. 
Oak'um,  n.  Old  ropes  pulled 
to  pieces,  and  used  for  calk- 
ing the  seams  of  ships,  &c. 
Oar,n.  An  instrument  to  row 
boats.  —  V.    To  row  or  im- 
pel by  rowing. 
6'a-sis,  or  O-a'sis,  n.  ( rl-  0'- 
a-se§,  or  0-a'se§.)  A  fertile 
_  spot  in  a  desert. 
Oat,  n.    A  plant  and  its  seed 
_  [used  chiefly  in  the  plural]. 
Oat'cn.a.  Pertaining  to  oats. 
Oath,  n.    A  solemn  affirma- 
tion with  an  appeal  to  God 
for  its  truth ;  a  blasphemous 
use  of  the  name  of  God  or 
Christ. 

Ob-du'ra-gy,  or  6b'du-ra- 

Qy,  n.  State  of  being  obdu- 
rate ;  invincible  hardness  of 

^  heart ;  stubbornness. 

Ob'du-rate,  or  Ob-du'rate, 
a.  Inflexibly  hardened  in 
feelings,  esp.  against  moral 
influence.  —  SYN.  Callous  •, 
hardened ;  stubborn. 


O-be'di-enge,  n.  Compliance 
with  what  is  required. 

O-be'di-ent,  a.  Willing  to 
obey ;  submissive  to  restraint 
or  control. —Syn.  Dutiful; 
subservient;  compliant;  ob- 
sequious. 

O-bei'sange  (-be^-  or  -ba'-),n. 
Act  of  rever- 
ence ;  a  bow. 

5b'e-lisk,  n.  A 
/  kind  of  quad- 
rangular pil- 
lar or  monu- 
ment. 

0-bese',  a.  Ex- 
cessively fat. 

0-bese'ness, 

0-bes'i-ty, 

0-bey',  V.  t.  To  comply  with 
the  orders  of;  to  perform. 

5b^fus-€a'tion,n.  A  darken- 
ing or  confusing,  [decease. 

O'bit,  or  5b 'it,  n.   Death  ; 

O-bit'u-a-ry,  n.  A  notice  of 
the  death  of  a  person.  —  ri. 
Relating  to  the  death  of  a 
person. 

6b'je-et,  n.  That  on  which 
the  mind  is  employed  ;  end  ; 
aim  ;  motive. 

Ob-.i6€t',  V.  t.  To  present  or 
offer  in  opposition. 


Ob-j6€'tion,  n.    Adverse  rea- 
son, [to  objections. 
Ob-jee'tion-a-ble,  a.  Liable 
Ob-je-efive,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  object ;  outward  ;  exter- 
nal. 

Ob-je<5t'or,  n.  One  who  ob- 
jects. 

Ob-jur'ga-to-ry,  a.  Designed 
to  chide  or  reprove. 

Ob-late',  a.  Flattened  or  de- 
pressed at  the  poles. 

Ob-la'tion,  n.  An  off"ering. 

Ob'li-gate,  v.  t.  To  bind  by 
contract  or  duty. 

5b'li-ga'tion,  n.  The  binding 
force  of  a  vow,  law,  or  duty  ; 
a  bond. 

6b'li-ga-to-ry,  a.  Imposing 
an  obligation ;  binding. 

O-blige',  t.  To  constrain  ; 
to  bind  by  a  favor  ;  to  grati- 
fy- 

0-blIg'ing,  a.  Disposed  to 
do  favors  ;  engaging. 

Ob-lique'  (-leek^or  -lIkO,  «• 
Deviating  from  a  right  line^ 
not  parallel ;  indin  ct. 

Ob-lique'ly  (-leek'-  or  -Ilk/-), 
adv.    Not  directly. 

Ob-hq'ui-ty  (-llk/wi-),  n.  De- 
viation from  a  right  line,  or 
from  moral  rectitude. 


a  e,  1. 0,  u,    long  2 , 5,  if,  5,  u,  ^ ,  short ;  care,  car ,  ask,  all,  wh,^t ;  ere,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm  y 


OBLITERATE 


181 


OCULIST 


Ob-lit'er-ate,  v,  t.  To  blot 
out  ;  to  er.ise  ;  to  efface. 

Ob-liVer-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
blotting  out ;  extinction. 

Ob-liv'i-on,  n.  Forgetfulness. 

Ob-liv'i-ou3,  a.   Causing  for- 

^  getfulnesi  ;  forgetful. 

Ob'long,  a.  Longer  than 
broad. 

Cb'lo-quy,  n.  Calumnious 
language.  —  Syn.  Slander  ; 
caluuiny  ;  abuse. 

Ob-n6x'ious  (-njk^shus),  a. 
Oifensive  ;  odious  ;  liable  ; 
exposed. 

O'bo-e,  n.  A  wind  instrument 
sounded  tlirougli  a  reed. 

Ob-o'vate,  a.  Ovate  with  the 
narrow  end  downward. 

Ob-sgene^  a.  Grossly  indeli- 
cate and  disgusting. 

Ob-SQ3n'i-ty,  n.  Impurity  in 
expression,  or  in  representa- 
tion, [darkening. 

6b^S€u-ra'tion,  n.     Act  of 

Ob-S€ure',  a.  Dark  ;  gloomy  ; 
not  easily  understood  ;  not 
much  known.  —  v.  t.  To 
darken  ;  to  make  less  clear 
or  beautiful.  [dimly. 

Ob-seura'ly,  adv.    Darkly  ; 

Ob-S€u'ri-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  obscure  ;   darkness  ; 

^  privacy. 

6b'se-quie§  (-kwiz),  n.  pi. 

Funeral  solemnities. 
Ob-S8'qui-ous,  a.  Meanly 

submissive  or  compliant. 
Ob-se'qui-ous-ly,  adv.  With 

servile  compliance,  [vility. 
Ob-S3'qui-ous-ness,  n.  Ser- 
Ob-§3rv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

being  observed ;  remarkable. 
Ob-§3rv'anQe,  n.  Attention. 
Ob-s3rv'ant,  a.  Regardful. 
6b'§8r-va'tion,  n.    Act  of 

observing;  remark;  notice. 
Ob-S3rv'a-to-ry,  n.    A  place 

for  astronomical  observa- 

tioas. 

Ob-5^rve',  v.  t.  To. see;  to 
notice ;  to  utter,  as  a  re- 
mark, [serves. 

Ob-S3rv'er,  n.    One  who  ob- 

Ob-333'sion  (-sesh^un),  n.  Act 

^  of  besieging. 

6b/so-les'Qent,  a.  Going  out 
of  use. 


6b'so-lete,  a.  Disused  ;  out 
of  date. 

6b'sta-€le,  n.  That  which 
hinders  ;  obstruction. 

Ob-stet'ri-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  midwifery. 

Ob-stet'ri€S,  n.  sing.  Science 

^  of  midwifery.  [ness. 

6b'sti-na-Qy,  n.  Stubboru- 

Ob'sti-nate,  a.  Stubborn  ; 
stiff;  pertinacious,  [bornly. 

6b'sti-nate-ly,  ado.  Stub- 

Ob-strep'er-ous,  a.  Clamor- 
ous ;  loud ;  turbulent. 

Ob-stru€t',  To  hinder  ; 

to  stop  ;  to  bloc^  up. 

Ob-stru€'tion,  n.  That  which 
obstructs.  —  Syn.  Obstacle. 

Ob-stru-Ct'ive,  a.  Hindering. 

Ob-tain',  v.  t.  To  gain  ;  to 
get.  —  V.  i.  To  become 
prevalent  or  general. 

Ob-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  obtained. 

Ob-test',  v.t.  To  call  to  wit- 
ness ;  to  beseech. 

Obaes-ta'tion,  n.  Supplica- 
tion ;  entreaty. 

Ob-trude',  v.  t.  To  thrust 
in  or  upon  ;  to  urge  upon 
against  the  will. 

Ob-tru'sion,  n.  Act  of  ob- 
truding. 

Ob-tru'sive,  a.  Disposed  to 
obtMide. 

Ob-tije',  a.  Not  acute  ;  dull ; 
obsjire.  [manner. 

Ob-tile 'ly,«c?y.  In  an  obtuse 

Ob-tuse'ness  (10),  n.  Want 
of  sharpness  or  x-eadiness. 

Ob'verse,  n.  Face  of  a  coin. 

Ob-vert',  v.  t.    To  turn  to- 

^  ward  or  downward. 

6b'vi-ate,  v.  t.  To  meet  ;  to 
prevent ;  to  clear  the  way  of. 

5b'vi-ous,  a.  Evident ;  clear. 

5b'vi-ous-ly,  adv.  Evidently. 

0€-ea'sioii,  n.  Opportunity  ; 
incident :  accidental  cause  ; 
need;  exigence. — v.  t.  To 
cause  incidentally. 

0-e-ea'sion-al,  a.  Occurring 
at  times  ;  produced  by  acci- 
dent ;  casual ;  incidental. 

0-e-ea'sion-al -ly,  adv.  Upon 
oc caste n  ;  a,t  times. 

0-e'ci-dent,  n.  The  west. 

5-e^Qi-dent'al,  a.  Western. 


0€-Qip'i-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  back  part  of  the  head. 

5-e'Qi-put,  n.  The  hinder  part 
of  the  head.  [up. 

0€-€lu'sion,  n.    A  shutting 

0€-€ult',  a.  Secret ;  hidden. 

0€^€ul-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 

^  concealment ;  a  hiding. 

0-e'€u-pan-Qy,  n.  Possession. 

O^'-eu-pant,  n.  One  who  takes 

^  or  holds  possession. 

0€^-eu-pa'tion,  n.  Act  of  oc- 
cupying ;  business ;  posses- 
sion ;  e»"iployment. 

0€'-cu-py  (13),  V.  t.  To  hold  ; 
to  keep  ;  to  employ  ;  to  use. 

0-e-€ur',  V.  i.  To  be  found 
here  and  there ;  to  come  to 
the  mind.  [event. 

0€-€iir'renQe,  n.  Any  single 

O'cean  (T/shun),  n.  The 
largest  body  of  water  on  the 
earth,  or  one  of  the  chief 
_  divisions  of  it. 

6'ce-an'i-e  (-she-),  a.  Pertain- 
_  ing  to  the  ocean. 

O'-cher  )  (29),  n.  Claycontain- 

0'€hre  )     ing  iron. 

5-  e'ta-€h6rd,  n.  An  instru- 
ment or  system  of  eight 

^  sounds. 

6-  c'ta-gon,  n.  Aj^ 
figure  of  eight  I 
sides  and  angles, 

Oc-tag'o-nal,  a. 

Containing  eight  Octagon. 

angles  and  sides. 
Oc^ta-he'dral,  a. 

eight  equal  faces. 
6€'ta-he'dron,  n. 

A  figure  of  eighty 

equal  sides.  ^ 
0-C-tan'gU-lar,  a.  Octahedron. 
^  Having  eight  angles. 
6€'tave,  n.  {Mas.)  The  inter- 
val between  one  and  eight 

of  the  scale. 
0€-ta'vo  (18),  n.    A  book 

with  eight  leaves  to  a  sheet. 
O-e-ten'ni-al,  a.  Coming  one© 

in  eight  years,  [of  the  year. 
O-e-to'ber,  n.  Tenth  month 
0€'to-ge-na'ri-an,n.  A  per- 
^  son  eighty  years  of  age. 
6-C'n-lar,  a.  Known  by,  or 
^  relating  to,  the  eye. 
6-e'u-list,  n.    One  skilled  in 

diseases  of  the  eye. 


Having 


eon,  or,  do,  wglf,  tcTo,  tdbk;  ^m,  me,  pi.ill ;  9,     soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  u  as  ng;  this. 


ODD 


182 


ONTOLOGY 


6dd  (3),  a.  Uneven  in  num- 
ber ;  strange ;  peculiar. 

5dd'i-ty,  n.  Singularity ;  a 
singular  person,  [strangely. 

Odd'iy  (9),  adv.    Unevenly  ; 

Odds,  n.  pi.   Inequality  ;  ex- 

_  cess  ;  advantage.  [song. 

Ode,  n.     A  short  poem  ;  a 

0-de'on,  n.  A  kind  of  theater. 

O'di-ous,  a.    Very  offensive  ; 

_  hateful ;  detestable. 

O'di-um,  n.    Quality  of  pro- 

_  voking  hate.  [perfume. 

0'dor(33),  n.    Scent;  smell; 

O^clor-if  er-ous,  a.  Fragrant. 

O'dor-ous,  a.  Sweet  of  scent ; 

_  fragrant. 

O'er,  contraction  of  Over. 

C)i  (jy,  1),  prep.  From,orout 
from  ;  proceeding  from  ;  be- 
longing or  relating  to. 

5ff,  ar/v.  denoting  distance. 
—  prep.     Distant  from.  — 

^  inter j.  Away  ;  begone. 

Offal,  n.  Carrion ;  putrid 
meat ;  refuse. 

Of-fsnge',  n.  See  Offense. 

Of -fend',  V.  t.  To  displease  ; 
to  make  angry.  [fends. 

Of-fond'er,  n.    One  who  of- 

Of-f5nseM27),  M.  Act  of  of- 
fending ;  displeasure ;  an- 
ger ;  injury  ;  fault ;  sin. 

Of-fen'sive,  a.  Displeasing; 
obnoxious;  used  in  attack. 

5f'fer  (S),  t.  ori.  To  pre- 
sent ;  to  propose  ;  to  bid  ;  to 
undertake*  — n.  A  proposal ; 

^  price  bid. 

6f'fer-in^,  n.  A  sacrifice ; 
any  thing  offered. 

6ff'-liand,  adv.  or  a.  With- 
out study  or  preparation. 

Of'fiQC  (18),  n.  Customary 
duty  ;  public  employment  ; 
fanction  ;  place  of  business  ; 
religious  truth. 

Of'fi-cer,  n.  One  who  holds 
an  office.  — v.  t.  To  fur- 
nish with  officers. 

Of-fi'cial  (-fish/al),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  derived  from, 
office.  —  n.  An  ecclesiastical 
jndge.  \ 

Of-fi'cial-ly  (-nsh/a|-),  adv. 
By  uutliorit}'.  f 

Oi-fPci-ate  (-flsh-'T-at),  v.  i. 
To  perform  an  office. 


Of-fi'cioiis  (-Hsh/us),  a.  Ex- 1 
cessively  forward  in  doing 
kind  offices.  —  Syn.  Kind  ; 
meddling  ;  busy  ;  imperti- 

^  nent ;  intermeddling. 

Offing,  71.  The  sea  at  a  good 

^  distance  from  shore. 

6ff'S€0ur-ing,  n.    Refuse  or 

_  rejected  matter. 

Offset,  n.  A  shoot  or  sprout ; 
any  thing  given  in  exchange 
or  retaliation. 

Off-set',  or  Offset,  v.  t.  To 

^  set  against  another  account. 

Offspring,  n.    Children ;  is- 

^  sue ;  descendants. 

Oft,  adv.  Frequently. 

Oft'en  (ofn),  I  adv.  Fre- 

Oft'en-times,  (  quently. 

0-  gee',  n.  A  molding-  which 
is  both  concave  and  con- 

_  vex. 

O'gle  (o^gl),  V.  To  view  or 
look  with  side  glances.  —  n. 

_  A  side  glance. 

6'gre  (o^ger,  29),  n.  An  im- 
aginary monster,  who  lived 

_  on  human  beings. 

Oh,  inter  j.  denoting  surprise 
or  pain,  &c. 

Oil,  n.  An  unctuous  animal  or 
vegetable  substance.  —  v.  t. 
To  smear  or  anoint  with  oil. 

Oil'~el6th,n.  A  cloth  oiled  or 
painted  for  covering  floors, 
and  for  other  uses.  * 

Oil'i-ness,  n.  Quality  ojbeing 
oily  ;  unctuousness.  ♦ 

Oil'y,  a.    Like  oil ;  smooth. 

Oint,  V.  t.    To  rub  with  oil. 

Oint'ment,  n.  Any  soft  unct- 

_  uous  matter. 

Old,  a.  Having  existed  a  long 

time  ;  aged  *,  ancient. 
Old'en  (old^n),  a.    Old;  an- 
_  cient. 

O^le-ag'i-noiis,  a.  Oily. 

01-  fa-e'to-ry,  a.  Of,  or  having 
the  sense  of,  smelling. 

0-lib'a-num,  n.  A  gum  resin. 
Ol'i-gar-eh'y,  n.  Government 
_  in  the  hands  of  a  few. 
O'li-o  {or  oKyo),  n.  A  dish  of 
stewed  meat ;  a  mixture ;  a 
^  medley. 

Ol'ive,  n.  A  tree  cultivated 
for  its  fruit,  and  for  the  oil 
it  yields  ;   the  emblem  of 


peace  ;  a  color  composed  of 
violet  and  green. 

0-lym'pi-ad,  n.  Period  of  4 
years  in  Grecian  history. 

0-lym'pi-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Olympia  and  its  games. 

0-me'ga,  or  0-meg'a,  n.  The 

^  last  Greek  letter  ;  the  last. 

Om'e-let  [colloq.  omelet),  n. 

_  A  fritter  of  eggs,  &c. 

O'men,  n.    A  prognostic  ;  a 

^  sign  ;  a  presage  ;  an  augury. 

Om'i-nous,a.  Containing  an 
omen ;  inauspicious. 

0-mis'sion    (-mish/un),  n. 

^  Neglect ;  failure. 

6m'ni-bus,  n.  A  large  four- 
Avheeled  vehicle  for  convey- 
ing passengers. 

0-mit',  V.  t.  To  leave  out ;  to 
pass  by  ;  to  neglect. 

Om-nip'o-tenge,  n.  Unlim- 
ited or  infinite  power. 

Om-nip'o-tent,  a.  Having  all 

^  power.  — n.  The  Almighty. 

Om/ni-pres'enQe,  n.  Pres- 

^  ence  in  every  place. 

Om''ni-pre§'ent,  a.  Present 
in  every  place, 

Om-nis'cienge  (-nTsh^enss), 
n.    Universal  knowledge. 

Om-nis'cient  (-nlsh/ent),  a. 
Having  infinite  or  universal 
knowledge.  [vouring. 

Om-niv'o-roiis,  a.  AU-de- 

On,  prep.  At  the  upper  part  of 
a  thing,  and  supported  by 
it ;  at ;  near ;  with ;  toward  ; 
for;  upon.  —  adv.  Forward. 

Onge  (wunss),  adv.  At  one 
time  ;  formerly. 

One  (wun),  a.  Single;  indi- 
vidual ;  any.  [ty. 

One'ness  (wun^nes),  M.  Uni- 

On'cr-a-ry,  a.  Fitted  for  car- 
rying burdens,  [oppressive. 

5n'er-oiis,  a.    Burdensome ; 

On'ion  (un/yun),  n.  A  culi- 
nary plant  having  a  bulbous 

_  root.  [gly. 

On'ly,  a.   Single.  —  adv.  Sin- 

On'set,  n.    A  violent  attack  ; 

^  assault.        [tack  ;  assault. 

On'slaught  (-slawt),  7i.  At- 

On/to-16g'i-e-al,a.  Relating  to 
the  science  of  being  in  gen- 
eral, [ing  in  general. 

On-t61'o-^y,  n.  Science  of  be- 


i,  G ,  1,  o,  u,  y ,  long  /  a,  ^ ,  T ,  o,  ti ,  5' ,  short ;  care,  ciir,  Ssk,  iUl,  wh^t ;  ore,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm <j 


ONWARD 

Gn'ward,  )adv.  Forward; 

6n'ward§, )  further.  —  a. 
Advanced  or  advancing;  im- 
proving. 

O'nyx,  M.    A  precious  stone. 

Ooze,  M.  Soft  mud.  —  v.  i.  To 
flow  gently.  [mud. 

Ooz'y,  a.     Containing  soft 

0-paQ'i-ty,  n.  Want  of  trans- 
parency, [transparent. 

0-paque'  (o-pak^),  a.  Not 

O'pal,  n.  A  precious  stone 
of  changeable  colors. 

O^pal-es'Qent,  a.  Large  opal. 

O'pal-me,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  like,  opal. 

Ope,  V.  t.    To  open. 

O'pen  (o/pn),  v.  t.  To  un- 
close ;  to  unfold ;  to  enter 
upon. — a.  Not  shut  up; 
unclosed ;  public  ;  candid  ; 
plain.  [a  breach. 

O'pen-ing,  n.   An  aperture  ; 

O'pen-ly,    adv.     Publicly ; 

_  plainly ;  frankly. 

O'pen-ness,  n.  Plainness. 

5p'e-ra  (18),  «.  A  dramatic 
^  composition  set  to  music. 

6p'er-ate,  f.  To  exert  power 
of  any  kind  ;  to  act ;  to  put 
in  motion  or  action  ;  to 
work. 

Op'^er-at'ic,  a.  Pertaining  or 
^  appropriate  to  the  opera. 
6p'er  a'tion,n.   Exertion  of 
^  power  ;  action  ;  agency. 
Op'er-a-tive,  a.  Exerting 

force;  efficient. — n.  A  la- 
^  boring  person. 
Op'er-C''tor,  n.  One  who  op- 
^  erates.  [dious. 
Op'er-ose',  a.  Laborious  ;  te- 
Opli'i-€leide,   n.     A  large 

brass  wind-instrument. 
Oph-thal'nii€  (of-  or  op-),  a. 
^  Relating  to  the  eye. 
6pli'thal-my  (of  -  or  op'-),  n. 
_  A  disease  of  the  eyes. 
6'pi-ate,  n.  A  medicine  that 

contains  opium  ;  a  narcotic. 
O-pin'ion,  n.  Judgment 

formed  by  the  mind ;  notion ; 

sentiment ;  persuasion. 
0-pm'ion-a/ted,  )  a.  Stiff  to 
O-pm'ion-a-tive,  )  opinion. 
O'pi-um,  n.    The  inspissated 
_  juice  of  the  poppy. 
0/po-del'do«,  n.    A  sapona- 


183 


ORDAIN 


camphorated    lini-  1  Op'tion,  n.    Right  or  power 
^  of  choosing.  — Syn.  Choice. 


ceous 
ment. 

Op-p5'nent,  a.     Opposing  ; 

antagonistic. — n.     An  op- 
_  poser  ;  an  antagonist. 
Op'por-tune',  a.  Timely  ;  sea- 
sonable. 
Op'por-tune'ly,  adv.  Sea- 
sonably. 
6p/por-tu'ni-ty,  n.    Fit  or 

convenient  time. 
Op-po§e',  V.  t.    To  resist;  to 

combat ;  to  withstand. 
Op'po-gite,  a.    Contrary  in 

position  ;  facing  ;  adverse> 
Op/po-gi'tion   (-zish/un),  n. 
Repugnance ;      resistance  ; 
obstacle  ;  an  opposite  party. 
6p'po-§i'tion-ist  (-zish^un-), 
n.  One  in  an  opposite  party. 
0-p6s'sum,  n.    A  marsupial 

quadruped  of  America. 
Op-press',  V.  t.    To  burden. 
Op-pres'sion  (-presh^un),  n. 

Act  of  oppressing. 
Op-press'ive,  a.  Burden- 
some :  unjustly  severe. 
Op-press'ive-ly,  adv.    In  an 
oppressive  or  cruel  manner. 
Op-press'ive-ness,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  oppressive. 
Op-press'or,  n.  One  who  op- 
presses ;  a  tyrant. 
Op-pro 'bri-ous,  a.  Reproach- 
ful   and     contemptuous  ; 
made  hateful. 
Op-pro-bri-ous-ly,  adv.  Re- 
proachfully ;  infamously. 
Op-pro'bri-um,  n.  Con- 
temptuous or  disdainful  re- 
proach, [pose. 
Op-pugn'(-punO, -1'.^.  Toop- 
Op'ta-tive,  a.  Expressing  de- 
^  sire  or  wish. 

6p'ti€,  )  a.  Pertaining  to 
Op'ti€-al ,  (  the  eye  or  vision , 

or  to  optics. 
Op-ti'cian  (-tish''an),  n.  A 
^  person  skilled  in  optics. 
Op'ti^s,  n.  sin^.    Science  of 
the   nature    and  laws  of 
^  vision. 

Op'ti-mism,  n.  The  doctrine 
that  every  thing  in  nature  is 
^  ordered  for  the  best. 
Op'ti-mist,  n.  One  who  holds 
that  all  events  are  ordered 
for  the  best. 


Op'tion-al,  a.  Left  to  choice. 
6p'u-lenge,  n.  Wealth  ;  rich- 
es ;  affluence. 
6p'u-lent,  a.  Very  rich. 
Or,  conj.    A  connective  that 
^  marks  an  alternative. 
6r'a-cle,  n.    An  answer  con- 
sidered  infallible ;    a  wise 
man;   (pi.)  the  revelations 
of  God. 

0-r3.€'u-lar,  a.  Uttering  or- 
acles ;  authoritative ;  ambig- 
_  uous. 

O'ral,  a.     Delivered  by  the 
_  mouth  ;  spoken.  [mouth. 
O'ral-ly,  adv.     By  word  of 
Or'ange  (18),  n.    A  certain 
tree  and  its  round  yellow 
fruit.  —  a.  Having  the  color 
of  an  orange. 
O-rang'-cu-tang', 
n.     A  large  ape, 
having  a  deformed 
resemblance  to 
man. 

0-ra'tion,  n.  A  pub-  ' 
lie  and  elaborate  Orang- 
discourse.  outang. 
6r'a-tor,7i.  An  eloquent  pub- 
^  lie  speaker  ;  a  petitioner. 
Or'a-t6r'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  an  orator  or  to  oratory. 
Or'a-to'ri-o  (18),  »i.  A  sacred 
drama  set  to  music ;  an  ora- 
^  tory. 

Or'a-to-ry,  n.   Art  of  public 
^  speaking  ;  a  small  cha])el. 
Orb,  n.    A  round  body ;  a 

sphere  ;  a  globe  ;  an  orbit. 
Or-bi-e'u-lar,  a.  Round ;  cir- 
^  cular ;  spherical. 
Orb'it,  n.    Path  of  a  planet 
or  comet  round  its  center ; 
^  cavity  of  the  eye.  [orbit. 
Or'bit-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 
5r'chard,  n.    An  inclosure 
^  or  assemblage  of  fruit  trees. 
Or'€hes-tra,or  Or-ches'tra, 
n.    The  part  of  a  theater 
appropriated  for  the  musi- 
^  cians ;  the  musicians. 
Or'chis  (-kis),  n.  A  plant. 
Or-dain',  V.      To  establish; 
to  appoint ;  to  decree  ;  to 
invest  with  ministerial  or 
sacerdotal  functions. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  took ;  arn,  rue,  pi^U ;  9,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g.  hard;      ;  e^t ;  q  as  ng  ;  ttiia. 


, OKDEAL 


184 


OTHER 


5r'de-al,  n.  Trial  by  fire  or 

^  by  water  ;  severe  scrutiny . 

Or'der,  n.  Regular  arrange- 
ment ;  command  ;  rule  ;  a 
rank  or  class  ;  a  written  di- 
rection to  pay  money.  —  v.  t. 
To  regulate  ;  to  command. 

Cr'der-ly,  a.  Regular ;  not  un- 
ruly, —  adv.  Methodically ; 
according  to  rule. — n.  Anon- 
commissioned  officer  who  at- 
tends  on  a  superior  officer. 

Or'di-nal,  a.  Noting  estab- 
lished order.  —  n.  A  number 
noting  order;    a  book  of 

^  rites.  [law ;  rite. 

Or'di-nange  (18),  n.  Rule; 

Or'di-na-ri-ly     (13),  adv. 

^  Usually ;  commonly. 

Or'di-na-ry,  a.  Usual ;  com- 
mon ;  of  little  merit.  —  ji. 
An  ecclesiastical  judge  ;  a 

^  public  table.  [daining. 

Or'di-na'tion,  n.    Act  of  or- 

Ord'nange,  n.    Heavy  artil- 

^  lery  ;  cannon,  mortars,  &c. 

Ore,  n.  A  natural  compound 

^  of  metal  and  other  matter. 

Or'gan,  n.  An  instrument  of 
action  or  motion  ;  a  medium 
of  communication  ;  a  wind 
instrument  of  music. 

Or^gan'i€,     )  a.  Containing 

Or-gan'i-e-al, )  organs. 

Or'gan-i§m,  n.  Organic 

^  structure.       [on  an  organ. 

Or'gan-ist^n.  One  who  plays 

5r'gan-i-za'tion,  n.   Act  of 

^  organizing. 

6r'gan-ize,  v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  cn:gans  ;  to  arrange  in 

^  parts ;  to  form  in  due  order. 

Or'gasm,  n.  Immoderate  ex- 

^  citement  or  action. 

Or'gies,  n.pL  Frantic  revels. 

O'ri-el,  n.   A  bay  window. 

O'ri-ent,  a.  Rising  as  the 
sun ;  eastern ;  bright ;  shin- 

_  ing.  —  71.  The  east. 

0/ri-ent'al,  a.  Eastern. 

O/ri-Sn'tal-ist,  n.  One  versed 

_  in  Eastern  languages. 

Or'i-fige,  ii.   An  opening. 

Or'i-gin,  n.  Beginning  ;  com- 
mencement ;  source. 

0-rig'i-nal,  rt.  First;  primi- 
tive ;  having  new  or  strik- 
ing ideas.  —  n.       Origin  ; 


first  copy  ;  an  eccentric  per- 
son, [being  original. 
0-rig/i-n3;Pi-ty,  n.  Quahty  of 
0-rig'i-nal-ly,  adv.   At  first. 
0-rig'i-nate,  v.  t.    To  bring 
into  existence.  —  v.  i.  To 
take  rise  ;  to  begin. 
0-rig^i-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 
being  or  coming  into  exist- 
ence, [originates. 
O-rig'i-na^tor,  n.    One  who 
O'ri-ole,  n.  A  bird  allied  to 

the  thrushes. 
0-ri'on,  n.  A  large  and  bright 
^  constellation. 
Or'i-son,  n.  A  prayer. 
Or'Iop,  n.     Deck  on  which 
^  cables  are  stowed  in  ships. 
Or^mo-lu',  n.  A  kind  of  brass 
^  made  to  resemble  gold. 
Or'na-ment,  n.  Decoration. 

—  V.  t.  To  decorate  ;  to  em- 
^  hellish  ;  to  adorn. 
Or^na-ment'al,  a.  Tending 
^  to  adorn  or  embellish. 
Or'nate,  a.    Adorned;  deco- 
^  rated ;  beautiful. 
Or^ni-thol'o-gist,  n.  One 
^  skilled  in  ornithology. 
6r/ni-tho-16g'i€-al,  a.  Per- 
^  taining  to  ornithology. 
Or'ni-thol'o-gy,  n.    The  sci- 
ence which  treats  of  birds. 
O-rol'o-gy,  n.    The  science 
^  or  description  of  mountains. 
Or'phan,  n.    A  child  having 
neither  father  nor  mother, 
^  or  only  one  of  them. 
Or'phan-age,  )  n.    State  of 
Or'phan-ism,  j   an  orphan. 
Or-phe'an,  or  5r'phe-an,  ) 
Or'phic,  ) 
a.    Pertaining  to  Orpheus, 
^  an  old  Greek  poet. 
Or're-ry  (19),  w.    An  instru- 
ment to  show  the  revolu- 
^  tions  of  the  planets. 
Or'tho-d6x,  a.     Correct  in 
doctrine  ;    sound    in  the 
^  Christian  faith. 
Or'tho-dox^y,  n.  Soundness 
^  in  opinion  and  doctrine. 
Or'tho-ep'i^-al,  a.  Pertain- 
^  ing  to  orthoepy. 
Or'tho-e-pist,  n.    A  person 
^  well  skilled  in  orthoepy. 
Or'tho-e-py,  n.   Correct  pro- 
nunciation of  words. 


Or-th6g'ra-pher,  n.  One 

^  versed  in  orthography. 

Or'tho-graph'i-e,     )  a.  Per- 

Or'tho-graph'i-e-al,  J  tain- 
ing to  orthography. 

Or-thog'ra-phy,  n.  The  spell- 
ing or  writing  of  words  with 

^  the  proper  letters. 

Or'to-lan,  n.     A  European 

^  song-bird. 

Os'gil-late,  v.  i.    To  swing  ; 
^  to  vibrate  ;  to  sway. 
Os^Qil-la'tion,  n.  Vibration. 
Os'gil-la-to-ry,  a.  Moving  as 
^  a  pendulum  ;  vibratory. 
Os'-eu-late,  %\  t.   To  kiss  ;  to 
_  touch,  as  two  curves. 
6'sier  (o^zher),  n.    A  species 
of  willow  or  the  twig  of  the 
^  willow. 

Os'prey,  n.   A  long-winged 
_  eagle  living  on  fish. 
Os'se-ous  {colloq.  osh^us),  a. 
^  Bony  ;  like  bone. 
6s''si-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Process 
^  of  changing  to  bone. 
Os'si-fy,  f.  t.  or  i.  To  change 

into  bone.  [bones. 
Os-siv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding  on 
Os-ten'si-ble,  a.    Apparent ; 

manifest. 
Os-ten'si-bly,  adv.  Plausibly. 
Os''ten-ta'tion,  n.  Ambitious 

display. —  Syn.  Pomp;  pag- 
_  eantry^  display. 
Os'ten-ta'tioiis,  a.  Affectedly 
^  showy  :  gaudy  ;  pretentious. 
Os'ten-ta'tioiis-ly,  adv.  In 
^  an  ostentatious  manner. 
Os''te-61'o-gist,  w.  One  versed 
^  in  osteology. 

Os^te-Sl'o-gy,  n.  Part  of  anat- 
omy that  treats  of  bones. 

6s'ti-a-  ry,  n.  Mouth  of  a 
river  ;  an  estuary. 

Ss'tra-Qigm,  n.  Banishment. 

6s'tra-gize,  v.  t.  To  banish  ; 
to  put  under  ban. 

Os'trich  (18),  n.  ^ 
A  large,  swift-  \ 
running  bird  ^^SSSSf 
with  very  short  dB^^^ 
wings,  and  long,  ^^'^^T 
soft  plumes  in.^^^^T 

.  pllicB?5ffeathers.  Ostrich, 

Oth'er  (iltii^er),  a.  Second  of 
two  ;  not  the  same  ;  differ  • 
ent. 


a,  5, 1, 6,  u,  3^, long}  a, 6, 1, 6, u,    short ;  care,  car, ask,  aU,  whijt ;  Ore,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


OTHERWISE 


185 


OVERDOSE 


6th'er-wi§e,  adv.  In  a  differ- 
ent manuor. 

Ot'ter,  n.  A  small  carnivorous 
and  aquatic  quadruped. 

Otao-man  (21),  n.  A  Turk;  a 
stuffed  seat  without  a  back. 
—  a.    Relating  to  Turkey. 

Ouch,  n.    Socket  of  a  ring. 

Ought  (awt),  n.  See  Aught.  — 
V.  imperfect.  Is  fit  or  neces- 
sary ;  should. 

Ounge,  n.  12th  of  a  pound 
troy,  and  16th  of  a  pound 
avoirdupois  ;  an  animal  re- 
sembling the  leopard. 

Ours,  fnon.  Of  us  ;  belonging 
to  us. 

Our,  a.    Pertaining  to  us. 
Our-selves',  v^on.  pi.    We  ; 

us  ;  —  used  emphatically. 
Ou'sel  {("o/zl),  n.    A  bird  of 

the  thrush  family.  [force. 
Oust(owst),t'.  t.  To  eject  with 
Out,  adv.    On  the  outside  ; 
^     beyond  the  limits  of  any  in- 
closed place  or  given  line  ; 

abroad  ;  not  at  home. 
Out-bal'ange,  f.     To  exceed 

in  weight ;  to  outweigh. 
Out-bid',  V.  t.    To  bid  more. 
Out'bound,  a.  Proceeding  to 

a  foreign  port. 
Outbreak,  n.    A  breaking 

forth  ;  eruption. 
Out 'burst,  n.    A  breaking  or 

bursting  out.  [ished. 
Out'€ast,  n.  A  person  ban- 
Out'-ery,n.  Clamor;  loud  cry. 

Out-do',  V.  t.  [p.  p.  OUT- 
DONE.] To  do  more  than  ; 
to  surpass  ;  to  excel. 

Out'er,  a.  Being  without. 

Out'er-most,  a.  On  the  ex- 
treme external  part. 

Out-fage',  v.  t.  To  bear  down 
with  impudence. 

Out'fit,  n.  Equipment,  as  of 
a  ship  for  a  voyage. 

Out-gSn'er-al,  v.  t.  To  ex- 
ceed in  generalship. 

Out-g5',  V.  t.  To  go  beyond ; 
to  surpass.  —  n.  Outlay  ; 
expenditure.  [out. 

Out'g5-ing,  n.    Act  of  going 

Out-grow',  V.  t.    To  surpass 

in  growth. 
Out-Her'od,  v.  t.    To  exceed 
in  -cruelty  or  absurdity. 


Out'-house,  n.  A  small  build- 
ing near  the  main  house. 

Out-land'ish,  a.  Foreign  ; 
strange  ;  rude  ;  barbarous. 

Out-last',  V.  t.  To  last  longer 
than  ;  to  exceed  in  dura- 
tion. 

Out'law,  n.  One  excluded 
from  the  benefit  of  the  law. 
—  V.  t.  To  deprive  of  the 
benefit  and  protection  of  the 
law.  [lawing. 

Cut'law-ry,  n.    Act  of  out- 

Out'lM,y,  H.  Expenditure. 

Out'let,  n.  A  passage  outward. 

Out'line,  v.  t.  To  sketch  ;  to 
dehneate.  —  n.  The  exterior 
line  of  a  figure  ;  a  sketch. 

Out-live',  V.  t.  To  live  longer 
than  ;  to  survive. 

Out-ldbk',  n.  Act  of  looking 
out ;  a  watch-tower  ;  pros- 
pect; sight.       [in  number. 

Out-num'ber,  v.  t.  To  exceed 

Out'pcst,  n.  A  station  with- 
out a  camp,  or  at  a  distance. 

Out'rage,  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
violence  and  wrong.  —  n. 
Violence  ;  gross  injury. 

Out-rage'ous{U),a.  Exceed- 
ing all  bounds  of  reason  or 
of  decency. —  Syn.  Violent; 
furious  ;  exorbitant. 

Out-reach',  v.  t.  To  go  or 
extend  beyond. 

Out'rid-er,  n.  An  attending 
servant  on  horseback. 

Out'right  (-rit),  adv.  Imme- 
diately ;  completely. 

Out-run',  V.  t.  To  surpass  in 
running ;  to  exceed. 

Out-sail',  r.  t.  To  leave  be- 
hind in  saihng. 

Out-sell',  V.  i.  To  exceed  in 
amount  of  sales. 

Out'set,  11.  Beginning  ;  open- 
ing ;  start. 

Out'side,  n.  The  outward 
part.  —  a.  Exterior  ;  ex- 
ternal, [urb. 

Out'skirt,  n.    Border;  sub- 

Out-spread',  v.  t.  To  spread 
open  ;  to  extend  ;  to  diffuse. 

Out-stand'ing,  a.  Not  col- 
lected :  unpaid.  [far. 

Out-stretch',         To  extend 

Out-strip',  r.  ^.  To  outgo  ;  to 
exceed  ;  to  leave  behind. 


Out-walk'  (-wawkO,  v.  t.  To 

leave" behind  in  walking. 
Out' ward.   I  a.      External  ; 
Out'wardg,  j  exterior  ;  outer. 

—  adv.  Toward  the  outside. 
Out'ward-ly,  adv.    On  the 

outside ;  externally. 
Out-wear',  v.  t.    To  endure 

or  wear  longer  than. 
Out-weigh'  (-wi/),  i-^  ^-  To 

exceed  in  weight  or  value. 
Out-wit',  V.  t.    To  overcome 

by  stratagem. 
Out'work  (-wQrk),  n.  Part  of 

a  fortress  without  the  prin- 
cipal wall. 
O'val,  a.  Of  the  form  ^ — x 

of  an  egg  ;  elliptical.  /  | 

—  71.  A  body  shaped  I  / 
like  an  egg.  V  J 

O'va-ry  (lU),  n.  Place 

where     eggs  are 
_  formed.  [shaped. 
O'vate,  a.     Oval,  or  egg- 
0-va'tion,  n.    An  inferior  or 

less  formal  triumph. 
Ov'en  (uv'n),/?.  An  arched  or 
_  other  cavity  for  baking. 
O'ver,  prtp.   Across  ;  above  ; 

upon  ;    on   the  surface.  — 

adv.  From  side  to  side  ; 
_  more  than.  [to  excess. 

O^ver-aet',  v.  t.    To  perform 
O'ver-alls,  n.  A  kind  of  long 
_  trowsers  worn  over  others. 
6'ver-arch',  v.  t.  To  cover 
_  with  an  arch.         [by  awe. 
O/ver-awe',  v.  t.  To  restrain 
0''ver-bal'ance,  v.  To  weigh 
_  down  ;  to  prepondemte. 
O^ver-bear'ing,  a.  Haughty 
_  and  dogmatical. 
O'ver-board,  odv.    Over  the 
_  side  of,  or  out  of,  a  ship. 
O^ver-bur'den,  t'.      To  load 
_  to  excess. 

O'ver-east',  v.  t.  To  cloud ;  to 
obscure.  —  o.  Overspread 
_  with  gloom  :  sewed  over. 
0''ver-charge',f.  t.  To  charge 
_  to  excess. 

O'ver-ecat,  n.  A  coat  worn 
_  over  the  other  clothing. 
6''ver-e6me',  v.  t.  To  get 
_  the  better  of;  to  conquer. 
0''ver-do',^'.  To  do  too  much. 
O'ver-dose,  n.  Too  great  a 
dose  ;  excess. 


son,  or,  do,  WQlf,  too,  took ;  Qrn,  rije,  pull ;  f ,  ^,  soft;  c,  i^,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  y  as  ng ;  this. 


OVERDRAW 


186 


PACIFICATION 


O-'ver-draw',  v.  t.  To  draw 
orders  upon  beyond  one's 

_  credit.  [over. 

O^ver-fiow',  v.     To  spread 

O'ver-flow,  n.   Inundation  ; 

_  deluge  ;  superabundance. 

O^ver-grdw',  v.  t.  To  cover 
vvitli  iierbage ;  to  grow  be- 

_  \  ond  the  natural  size. 

0''Ver-hang',  v.  t.    To  jut 

_  over. 

O^ver-haul',  v.  t.    To  turn 
over  acid  examine  thorough- 
_  ly  ;  to  overtake. 
O^ver-head',  adv.     Above  ; 
_  aloft.  .  [accident. 
O^ver-hear',  v.  t.  To  hear  by 
0''ver-joy',  v.  t.  To  transport 
_  with  joy.  [land. 
O'ver-land,  a.      Carried  by 
O^ver-lay',  r.  t.    To  lay  or 
_  spread  over  ;  to  smother. 
O^ver-leap',  v.  t.    To  leap 
_  over  ;  to  pass  by  leaping. 
O^ver-load',  v.  t.  To  load  too 
_  heavily  ;  to  fill  to  excess. 
O^ver-ldbk',  v.  t.  To  inspect ; 
_  to  neglect ;  to  excuse,  [on. 
Q/ver-lie',  v.  t.  To  lie  over  or 
O^ver-match',  v.  t.    To  be 
^  _  too  powerful  for. 
O'ver-match,  ??.  One  superior 
_  in  power  or  skill. 
0/ver-much',  a.  Too  much. 
O^ver-pass',  v.  t.  To  go  over ; 
_  to  cross  ;  to  omit. 
O'ver-plus,  n.    More  than  is 
_  wanted  ;  surplus. 
O'ver-poise,  n.  Preponder- 
_  ant  weight. 

6''ver-pow'er,  v.  t.    To  van- 
quish by  superior  force;  to 
_  affect  too  strongly. 
O^ver-rate',  r.  t.  To  rate  too 
_  high  or  beyond  the  truth. 
O^ver-reach',  v.  t.    To  de- 
_  ceive ;  to  cheat. 
O^ver-rule',  v,  t.  To  control. 


O'ver-run',  v.   To  spread  or 
_  run  over  ;  to  ravage. 
O^ver-see',  v.  t.    To  superin- 
_  tend  ;  to  supervise. 
0''ver-seer',  n.  A  supervisor. 
O^ver-set',  v.  t.  or  i.  Toover- 
_  turn ;  to  subvert. 
O^ver-shad'ow,  v.  t.  To  over- 
_  shade ;  to  shelter. 
O^ver-shdbt',  v.  t.   To  shoot 
_  over  or  beyond. 
6'ver-sh6t,    a.  Receiving 
_  water  over  a  wheel. 
O'ver-slght  (-sit),  n.  A  mis- 
take ;    omission  ;  superin- 
_  tendence. 

0''ver-sleep',  v.  To  sleep  be- 
_  yond  or  too  long. 
0/ver-spread',^'. /.  To  spread 
_  or  cover  over. 
O^ver-state',  v.  t.   To  state 
_  too  strongly  ;  to  exaggerate. 
O^ver-step',  v.t.  To  step  be- 
yond, [full. 
0/ver-st6ck',r.  t.  To  fill  too 
O'vert,  a.    Open  ;  public. 
O^ver-take',   v.    t.  [imp. 

OVERTOOK  ;  p.  p.  OVER- 
_  TAKEN.]  To  come  up  with. 
O^ver-task',  v.  t.    To  impose 
_  too  much  work  on. 
0^ver-thr5w',  v.  t.   To  sub- 
^  vert.  [feat. 
O'ver-throw,  n.    Ruin  ;  de- 
0''ver-t6p',  r.   t.     To  rise 
_  above  ;  to  surpass. 
O^ver-trade',  v.  i.  To  trade 
_  beyond  one's  means. 
6'vert-ure,  n.   An  offer;  an 
_  introductory  piece  of  music. 
O^ver-turn',  v.  t.    To  throw 
_  down  ;  to  destroy. 
O'ver-turn,  n.  Overthrow. 
O^ver-ween'ing,    a.  Con- 
_  ceited ;  arrogant. 
O'ver-weight  (-wat),  n.  Pre- 
_  ponderance ;  greater  weight. 
O^ver-whglm'  ^v.t.  To  spread 


over ;  to  immerse  and  bear 
_  down. 

O^ver-work'  (-wurk^),  v.  t. 

[p.  p.  OVERWROUGHT.]  To 

_  cause  to  labor  too  much. 
O'vi-form,  a.  Egg-shaped. 
0-vip'a-rous,  a.  Producing 
_  eggs,  as  a  hen. 
O'void,  a.   Having  the  shape 
_  of  an  egg. 

Owe  (6, 15),  V.  t.  To  be  in- 
_  debted. 

Ov/'ing,  p.  pr.  or  a.  Due; 
ascribable. 

senibling'  ''an  ^^^^^^ 
_  owl.  Owl. 
Own,  a.    Noting  property; 

peculiar.  —  v.  t.  To  possess ; 
_  to  confess ;  to  avow. 
Own'er,  n.  The  rightful  pro- 
_  prietor  of  any  thing. 
Own'er-ship,  n.  Exclusive 
^  right  of  possession. 
Ox,n.  {pi.  6x'en,22.)  A  male 
^  of  the  bovine  genus. 
Ox'ide  (30),  n.    A  compound 
^  of  oxygen  and  a  base. 
Ox'id-ate,  )  v.  t.    To  convert 
Ox'id-Ize,  \    into  an  oxide. 
Ox^id-a'tion,  n.  Operation 
^  of  converting  into  an  oxide. 
Ox'y-gen,  n.    A  kind  of  gas 

which  produces  combustion 
^  and  serves  to  support  life. 
6x'y-gen-ate,  )  t>.  t.  To  cause 
Ox'y-gen-ize,  j    to  combine 
_  with  oxygen. 

6'yer,  n.  A  hearing  in  court, 
as  of  a  deed,  bond,  &c. 

Oys'ter,  n.  A  bivalvular  mol- 
lusk  of  which  some  species 
are  used  for  food. 


P. 


T)AQE,  n.    A  step;  gait ;  I  Pa'Qer,  n.  A  horse  that  paces.  I  Pa-gif'i<;,  a.  Conciliatory; 
J_     measure  of  five  feet.  —  Pa-cha',  or  Pa'gha,  n.    See  peaceable. 
V.    To  measure  by  paces.     |     Pasha.  \  Pa-gif'i-ea'tion,  or  PSgd-fi- 


5, 5, 1,5,  u,  y,  Ions;        i|        y>  short;  care,  car,  ask,  ,'^11,  wh^t ;  Gre,  vgil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


PACIFICATOR 

€a'tion,  n.    Act  of  making 
peace.  I 
Pa-Qifi-ea^tor,  or  Parj'i-fi- 
^a'tor,  n.    A  peace-maker.  I 
Pa-Qif'i-ea-to-ry,  a.  Tending 

to  peace ;  conciliatory. 
Pag'i-fy,  't*.  <.  To  appease ;  to 

allay  ;  to  calm  ;  to  still, 
pack,  n.    A  bundle;  load. 
V.  t.  To  make  into  a  bundle; 
to  send  off  in  haste. 
Pick'a^e,  n.    A  bundle;  a 

packet ;  a  parcel ;  a  bale. 
Pack'et,  n.  A  small  package; 
a  vessel  for  dispatches,  or 
for  passengers. 
Pack'-horse,  n.     A  horse 
used  for  carrying  packs  or 
other  burdens. 
Pack'-thread,  n.   A  thread 
for  binding  parcels,  [pact, 
pact,  n.    A  contract ;  a  corn- 
Pad,  n.    A  small  cushion  ;  a 
robber.  —  v.  t.    To  stuff,  as 
a  saddle,  cushion,  &c. 
Pad'dle,  v.i.  To  row ;  to  play- 
in  water.  —  n.  A  small  oar. 
Pad'dock  (5),  n.    A  small  in- 
closure.  [staple. 
Pad'16ck,  11.   A  lock  for  a 
Pad'ua-soy'  (pad^u-),  n.  A 
kind  of  silk  stuff.     [or  joy. 
PaB'an,  n.  A  song  of  triumph 
Pa'gan,  n.    A  heathen  ;  an 

idolater.  —  a.  Heathenish. 
Pa'gan-ism,  n.  Heathenism. 
Pa'gan-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  heathenism. 
Page  (IS),  n.  A  boy ;  one  side 
of  a  leaf.  —v.  t.    To  mark 
with  pages. 
Pag'eant  (paj/ant  orpa/jant), 

n.    A  pompous  show. 
Pag'eant-ry  (paj'ant-  or  pa^- 
jant-),  n.    Pompous  exhibi- 
tion. —  Syn.      Spectacle  ; 
show  :  pomp. 
Pa-go'da  (18),  ?t.    An  Indian 

idol,  temple,  or  coin. 
Paid  (14),  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Pay. 
Pail,  n.    A  vessel  for  water, 

milk,  &c. 
Pain,  M.  Distress;  suffering; 
penalty.  — v.  t.  To  distress  ; 
to  afflict.  [borious. 
Pain'ful,  a.  Full  of  pain;  la- 
Pain'iess,  a.  Free  from  pain. 
Pains,  n.    Gare  ;  trouble. 


187 

Paint,  V.  t.    To  cover  with 

colors,  —v.i.   To  practice 

painting.  — w.     A  coloring 

substance ;  pigment. 
Paint'er,  n.  One  who  paints  ; 

a  rope  to  fasten  a  boat. 
Paint'ing,  n.  Art  of  forming 

figures  m  colors;  a  picture. 
Pair,  n.  Two  things  suited  or 

used  together;  a  couple. — 

v.i.  Tobe  joined  in  couples. 

—  V.  t.  To  unite  in  couples. 
Pai'aQe,  n.     A  nuignificent 

house  of  some  great  person-  1 

age.  [knight.  ' 

Pai'a-din,  n.  An  eminent  | 
PaPan-quin'  (-keen^,  n.    A  j 

covered  carriage  borne  on 

the  shoulders. 
Pai'a-ta-ble,  a.    Pleasing  to 

the  taste. 
Pai'a-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 

uttered  by  the  aid  of,  the 

palate. 

Pal'ate,  n.  The  roof  of  the 
mouth  ;  taste  ;  relish. 

Pa-la'tial,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
palace ;  magnificent. 

PaPa-tme,  n.  One  invested 
with  royal  privileges.  —  a. 
Possessing  royal  privileges. 

Pa-la'ver,  n.  Idle  talk  ;  flat- 
tery.  —  v.t.  or  i.  To  flatter ; 
to  use  idle  talk. 

Pale,  a.  Destitute  of  color ; 
white  of  look. — n.  A  pointed 
stake  ;  a  district,  —v.  t.  To 
inclose  with  pales. 

Pale'ness  (10),  n.  State  of 
being  pale  ;  defect  of  colors. 

Paae-6g'ra-phy,  n.  Deci- 
pherment of  ancient  docu- 
ments. 

Pa^le-61'o-^y,  n.  Treatise  on 
antiquities  ;  archaeology. 

Pa/le-on-t61'o-gy,  n.  The 
science  of  fossils. 

Pal'ette,n.  A 
tablet  up- 
on which  a 
painter  lays 
and  mixes 
his  pig- 
ments. Palette. 

I  Pal'frey,  n.    A  small  saddle- 

I     horse.  [work. 

j  Pal'ing,  n.    A  kind  of  fence- 

i  PaPi-sade',  n.  A  fortification 


PANACEA 

of  stakes,  —  v.t.  To  fortify 
with  pales  or  posts. 
Pall,  n.  A  covering  for  the 
dead.  —  v.  To  make  or  be- 
come vapid  ;  to  cloak  ;  to 
cloy. 

Pal-la'di-um,  n.  A  statue  of 
Pallas  ;  an  effective  defense. 
Pal'let,  n.   A  palette  ;  a  lever 
in  a  watch  or  c^ock  ;  a  small, 
poor  bed. 
PaPli-ate,  v.  t.    To  cover; 

to  excuse  or  extenuate. 
PaPli-a'tion,n.  Extenuation. 
Pal'li-a-tive,  n.  That  which 
extenuates.  —  a.  Mitigating. 
Pal'lid,  a.    Pale;  wan. 
Palm  (pam),  n.    A  tree;  a 
measure  equal  to  three  or 
four  inches ;  inner  part  of 
the  hand.  —  v.     To  conceal 
in  the  hand ;  to  impose  upon. 
PaPma-ted,«.  Like  the  hand 
with   the  fingers  spread  ; 
web-footed. 
Pal-met'to  [pi.  Pal-metao§, 
18),  n.  A  kind  of  palm-tree. 
Pai'mis-try,  n.  Art  of  telling 
fortunes  by  examining  the 
palm  of  the  hand. 
Palm'y  (piim^y  )>  ^-  Flourish- 
ing; prosperous,  [ingfelt. 
Pal'pa-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
i  Pal'pa-bly,  ado.  Plainly. 
Pal'pi-tate,  v.  i.  To  throb  or 
beat,  as  the  heart, 
i  PaFpi-ta'tion,  n.    A  beating 
i     or  fluttering,  as  the  heart. 
PaP§ied  (pawPzid),  a.  Hav- 
I    "i'ng  the  palsy  :  paralytic. 
Pal'sy ,  n .  Loss  of  the  power  of 
vofuntary  muscular  motion ; 
paralysis.  — r.  t.    To  strike 
with  palsy  ;  to  paralyze. 
PaPter,  v.  i.    To  act  insin- 
cerely ;  to  trifle. 
PaPtry,  a.  Mean  ;  pitiful ;  in- 
significant, [full. 
Parn'per,  v.  t.  To  feed  to  the 
Pam'phlet,  n.  Sheets  stitched 

but  not  bound. 
Pam^phlet-eer',  n.  One  who 

writes  pamphlets. 
Pan,  n.  A  broad,  shallow  ves- 
sel ;  part  of  a  gun-lock  ; 
hard  stratum  of  earth  below 
the  soil.  [remedy. 
Pan/a-ge'a.  n.    A  universal 


S9n,  or,  do,  w6If,  too,  to^ok  ;  tirn,  rije,  p^ill ;  9,     soft;      g,  Jiard;  a^ ;  e^ist ;  n  as  ng  ;  tliis. 


PANCAKE 


188 


PARAMOUR 


Pan '-cake,  n.  A  thin  cake 
fried  la  a  pan. 

Pan'€re-as,  n.  A  soft  gland 
of  the  body  ;  the  sweet- 
bread,       [to  the  pancreas. 

Pan''-ere-at'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 

Pan'cle€t,  n.  A  treatise  which 
contains  the  whole  of  any 
science. 

Pan^de-md'ni-um,  n.  The 
council-hall  of  evil  spirits. 

Pan'der,  n.  A  pimp  ;  a  pro- 
curer.—  v.i.  Toactasagent 
for  the  lusts  or  passions  of 
others. 

Pane,  n.   A  square  of  glass. 

Pan^e-gyr'i-e,  n.  A  lauda- 
tory speech  ;  encomium. 

Pan-'e-gyr'ist,  n.  A  eulogist. 

Pan'e-gy-rize  (31),  v.  t.  To 
prai.-e  highly. 

Pan'el,M.  A  compartment,  as 
of  a  door  ;  jury  roll.  —  v.  t. 
(8)  To  form  with  panels  ;  to 
form,  as  a  list  of  jurors. 

Pan^,  n.   Momentary  agony. 

Pan'i-e  (5),  n.  Sudden  fright 
without  good  cause.  —  a. 
Extreme  or  sudden  and 
causeless. 

Pan'nier  (pan-'yer),  n.  A 
wicker-basket  to  be  carried 
on  horses. 

P3-n'o-ply,  n.  Armor  cover- 
ing the  whole  body. 

Pan'o-ra'ma,  or  Pan^o-ra'- 
ma,  n.  Complete  view;  a 
largo  or  continuous  picture. 

Pan'§y,  n.  A  plant  and 
flower;  the  garden  violet. 

Pant,  V.  i.  To  breathe  rapid- 
ly ;  to  gasp. — n.  A  rapid 
breathing ;  gasp,  [drawers. 

Pan^ta-lets',  n.  pi.  Loose 

P^n'ta-lobns',  n.  pi.  A  kind 
of  trowsers. 

Pan'the-ism,  n.  The  doctrine 
that  the  universe  is  God. 

P3;n'the-ist,  n.  One  who  be- 
lieves in  pantheism. 

Pan''the-ist'i-e,  a.  Relatin^^ 
to  pantheism.  ^ 

Pan-the'on,  or  Pan'the-on,; 
n.  A  temple  dodicatrd  to  all 
the  deities.  [;inini;tl. 

Pfin'ther,  n.  A  ferocious  feline 

Pan'to-.'^raph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  copy  any  drawing. 


Pan-tog'ra-phy,  n.  General 
description ;  entire  view. 

Pan'to-mime,?i.  A  represen- 
tation in  dumb  show. 

Pan^to-mim'i-e,     I  a.  llep- 

Pan-'to-mim'i-c-al,  )  resent- 
ing characters  and  actions 
by  dumb  show. 

Pan'try,  n.  A  store-room  or 
closet  for  provisions. 

Pap,  n.    A  nipple  ;  soft  food. 

Pa-pa',  n.  Father  ;  —  a  word 
used  by  children. 

Pa'pa-gy,  n.  Oluce  and  dig- 
nity of  the  Pope  ;  popedom. 

Pa'pal,  n.  Eelonging  to  the 
pope ;  popish. 

Pa-paw',  n.  A  tree  and  its 
sweet  edible  fruit. 

Pa'per,  n.  A  substance  for 
writing  or  printing  on.  —  v. 
t.  To  cover  Arith  paper. 

Pa-piPio-na'Qeous,  a.  Re- 
sembling a  butterfly. 

Pap'il-la-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  resembling,  nipples. 

Pa'pist,  n.  One  who  adheres  to 
the  Roman  Catholic  religion 
and  the  papal  authority. 

Pa-pist'i<;,      )  a.  Pertaining 

Pa-pist'i-e-al,  j  to  popery  ; 
popish.  [babe. 

Pap-poose',  n.     An  Indian 

PSp'py,  a.  Like  pap  ;  succu- 
lent. 

Pa-py'rus,  n.  An  Egyptian 
plant,  and  a  kind  of  paper 
made  from  it. 

Par,  w.  State  of  equality  ; 
equality  of  nominal  and  ac- 
tual value. 

Par'a-ble,  n.    A  moral  fable. 

Pa-rab'o-la,  n 
One  of  the  con- 
ic sections. 

Par/a-b61'i€, 

Par^a-t61'i€-al 
a.  Expressed  by 
parable,  or  si- 
militude. 

Par'a-ghute  (-shcTot),  n.  A 

""contrivance  resembling  an 
umbrella,  to  prevent  rapid- 
ity of  descent  in  a  balloon. 

Par'a-elcte,  n.  A  conjfortcr. 

Pa  r;ide',  n.  A  pompous  ex- 
hibition ;  military  display. 
—  V.  i.   To  assemble  or  go 


Parabola. 


about  as  troops.  — v.  t.  To 

display  ;  to  show  olT. 
Par'a-digm  (-dYm),  n.  An 

example  of  a  word  declined 

or  conjugated,  &c. 
Par'a-dise,  n.     The  garden 

of  Eden  ;  a  place  cf  bhss. 
Par^a-di-si'ac-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  paradise. 
P^r'a-dox  (18),  n.    A  tenet 

seemingly  absurd,  yet  true. 
Par^a-dox'ie-al,  a.  Having 

the  nature  of  a  paradox. 
Par''a-g6g'i€,     I  a.  Length- 
Par/a-g6g'i€-al,  j    ening  a 

word  by  adding  a  syllable  or 

letter. 

Par'a-gon,  n.  Pattern  of  su* 
perior  excellence. 

Par'a-graph,  n.  A  distinct 
part  of  a  discourse  ;  the 
character  ^ ;  a  brief  notice. 

P5,r'al-lax,  n.  Apparent 
change  of  place  in  a  heaven- 
ly body  ns  viewed  from  dif- 
ferent points. 

Par'al-lel,  a.  Equally  distant 

in    all    parts  ;   

like  ;  similar.  

—  n.      A    line  Parallel, 
equally  distant  from  another 
at  all  points. — v.t.  (8)  To 
compare.  [ing  parallel. 

Par'al-lel-ism,  n.  Stateof  be- 

Par/al-Tel'o- 
gr  5,m , 
right-lincdfigur 
of    four    sides,  Parallclo- 
whose    opposite  gram, 
sides  are  equal  and  parallel. 

Par^al-iePo-pi'ped,   n.  A 
regular  solid,  the 
faces   of   which  [ 
are  six  parallelo- 
grams. 

Pa-ral'y-SlS,      n.  Pamllelopi- 
Palsy;     loss   of  P^-'^l- 
voluntary  motion. 

P^r'a-lyt'i-C,  a.  Affected  with 
paralysis  or  pais}  . — n.  One 
affected  with  palsy. 

Par'a-lyze  (31),  v.  t.  To  strike 
with  paralysis  or  palsy  ;  to 
destroy  action  in. 

Par'a-mount,  n.  Chief  ;  su- 
perior to  all  others. 

P^.r'a-mpur  (-moor),  n.  A 
kept  mistress  ;  a  concubine. 


[-Tel'o- 1  —I 

I,  n.     A  / 

ncdfigure^^  ' 


a,  e,  I,  6,  u,  y ,  long ;  a,  e,  i ,  o,  tl,  5',  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  wh.git ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  pique,  llrm ; 


PARAPET 

Par'a-pet,  n.  A  wall  for  de- 
fense ;  a  breast-work. 

Par'a-pher-na'li-a,  n.  pi. 
Apparel  aud  omanients  ; 
trappings. 

Par'a-phra§e,  n.  A  copious 
explauatioQ  or  re-statement. 

—  v.t.  To  explain  or  inter- 
pret amply. 

Par'a-phr^sfi-c,  a.  Ample 
in  explanation  ;  not  literal. 

Par'a-Slte,  n.  A  hanger-on  ; 
a  plant  growing  on  another. 

—  Syn.  Sycophant. 
P5,r/a-Sit'i€,      I  a.  Having 
Par/a-sit'i€-al,  I     the  quali- 
ties of  a  parasite. 

P^r'a-sol/,  n.     A  small  um- 
brella used  as  a  screen  from 
the  sun. 
Par'boil,  v.  t.  To  boil  partly. 
Par'Qel  (colloq.  par'sl),  n.  A 
small  bundle  ;  a  portion  ;  a 
package.— 1'.  t.  (8)    To  di- 
vide and  distribute  by  pgr- 
tions ;  to  apportion. 
Parch,  V.    To  burn  the  sur- 
face ;  to  scorch. 
Parch'ment,  n.     Skin  of  a 
sheep  or  goat  dressed  for 
writing  on. 
Pard,  n.    The  leopard  ;  any 

spotted  beast. 
Par'don  (piir^dn),  n.  For 
giveness ,  remission  of  pen- 
alty. —  V.  t.    To  forgive. 
Par'don-a-ble,  a.  Admitting 

of  pardon-,  excusable. 
Pare,  v.  t.  To  cut  or  shave  off 
the  surface  of;  to  diminish 
gradually. 
Par^e-gSr'ie,  w.    A  medicine 

that  mitigates  pain. 
Par'ent,  n.      A  father  or 
mother.  [traction 
Par'ent-a|:e,  n.   Birth;  ex- 
Pa-rent'al,  a.  Like  a  parent 

tender;  affectionate. 
Pa-ren'the-sis,  n.  A  sentence 
or  a  part  of  one  included  in 
curved  lines,  thus  (  );  the 
curved  lines  themselves, 
Parpen- thet'i-e,     )  a.  In- 
Par/en-thet'i€-al, )  eluded 

in  a  parenthesis. 
Par-hel'ion   (-hel/yun),  n, 
{pi.  Par-hel'ia.)  A  mock 
sun  or  meteor. 


189 

Pa'ri-ah,  or  Pa'ri-ah,n.  The 
lowest  caste  in  Uindostan  ; 
an  outcast.  [off. 
Par'ing,  n.    A  thin  strip  cut 
Par'ish,  n.     A  religious  so- 
ciety, or  the  precinct  of  one. 
Pa-rish'ion-er  (-rish/un-),  n. 

One  belonging  to  a  parish. 
Par'i-ty,  n.  Equality  of  num- 
ber, likeness,  quantity,  &c. 
Park,  n.    A  piece  of  inclosed 
ground  kept  for  game,  or 
for  recreation,  &c.  ;  a  place 
for  artillery. 
Par'lange,  n.  Talk;  form  of 

speech;  conversation. 
Par 'ley,  n.  Conference;  mu- 
tual di.scourse.  —  v.  i.  To 
treat  by  word  of  mouth. 
Par'lia-ment  (piir/li-),  n.  The 
supreme  legislative  assembly 
of  Great  Britain,  &c. 
Par/lia-ment'a-ry,  a.  Per- 
taining to  parliament,  or  to 
legislative  usages. 
Par'lor  (83),  ti.    A  room  for 

receiving  company,  &c. 
Pa-ro'-ehi-al,  a.  Belonging 

to  a  parish. 
Par'o-dy,   n.     A  ludicrous 
adaptation  of  a  po<>m. —  v.  t. 
To  apply  differently  ;  to  give 
a  burlesque  imitation  of. 
Pa-roF,   I   n.       Word  of 
Pa-role',  ]    mouth  ;  a  verbal 
promise.  —  a.  Oral ;  verbal. 
Par'o-nym,  (  n.   A  parony- 
Par'o-nyme,  \     mous  word. 
Pa-ron'y-moiis,  a.  Sounding 
alike,  but  of  different  mean- 
ing and  spelling. 
Par'o-quet  (-ket),  n.  A  small 

kind  of  parrot. 
Pa-r6t'id,  a.    Pertaining  to 
certain  glands  near  the  ears. 
Par'ox-ysm,  n.  A  violent  fit 
of  pain. 

Par-quet'  (-ka/  or  -ketO,  n. 
Lower  floor  of  a  theater. 

Par'quet-ry  (-ket-),  n.  Cabi- 
net work  of  wood  inlaid  with 
figures. 

Par/ri-Qpdal,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  committing,  parricide. 

P&r'ri-Cide,  n.  One  who  mur- 
ders his  parent. 

Par'rot,  n.  A  tropical  bird. 

Par'ry,  v.t.  To  ward  off. 


PARTNER 

Parse,  t'.^.     To  analyze  and 

describe  grammatically. 
Par'si-mo'ni-cus,  a.  Frugal ; 

penurious.  [niggardliness. 
Par'si-mo-ny ,  71.  Frugality  , 
Pars'ley,  n.  A  plant  used  in 
cookery.  [root. 
Pars'nip,  n.  A  plant  and  ita 
Par'son   (par'sn),  n.  The 

clergyman  of  a  parish. 
Par'son-age, »?.  Ilouireofthe 

minister  of  a  parish. 
Part,  «.    A  portion;  share; 
side.  —  V.  t.    To  divide  ;  to 
share;  to  separate,  [part of. 
Par-take',  r.  /.    To  have  a 
Par-terre' (par-tr.rO,  An 
ornamental  plot  of  ground. 
Par'tial,  a.    Affecting  or  in- 
cluding a  part  only  ;  not 
general  ;  biased. 
Par'ti-ai'i-ty  (-shi-itia-),  n. 

Undue  bias  or  fondness. 
Par'tial-ly,  aflv.     In  part 

only  ;  with  undue  bias. 
Par-tiQ'i-pant,  a.    Sharing  ; 

partaking.  —  n.  A  partaker. 
Par-tig'i-pate,  v.  t.    To  par- 
take ;  to  share. 
Par-tig^i-pa'ticn,  n.  A  shar- 
ing ;  distribution. 
Par'ti-gip'i-al,  a.  Having  the 
nature  of,  or  formed  from, 
a  participle. 
Par'ti-ci-ple,  v.  A  word  par- 
taking of  the  properties  of  a 
noun  and  a  verb. 
Par'ti-cle,  w.  A  minute  por- 
tion of  matter  ;  an  atom. 
Par-ti€'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  single  person  or  thing  ; 
minute  ;  exact :  peculiar. — 
n.  A  single  point  or  circum- 
stance. 

Par-ti-e'u-iar 'i-ty ,  w .   Som e- 

thing  peculiar ;  exactness. 
Par-ti-e'u-lar-ize  (31),  v.  t. 

To  mention  in  particulars. 
Par-ti€'u-lar-ly,  adv.  Singly. 
Par'ti-san',  n.    An  adhertnb 

to  a  party  or  faction  —  S  YN. 

Follower  ;  disciple. 
Par-ti'tion  (-tTsh/un),n.  That 

which  separates. — v.t.  To 

divide  into  parts. 
Part'i-tive,  a.  Distributive. 
Part'ly,         In  part. 
Part'ner,  n.,  An  associate  in 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  w(?lf,  to-Q,  to^ok ;  to,  rvje,  pyll   9,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hxird;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


PARTNERSHIP 


190 


PATRONIZE 


business ;  a  sharer  ;  com- 
panion, iis  in  a  dance. 

Pa,rt'ner-ship,  n.  Union  or 
joint  interest  in  business. 

Par- took',  imp.  of  Partake. 

Par'tridge  (18),  n.  A  name 
fjiven  to  different  birds. 

Par/tu-n'tion  (-rish'un),  n. 
Act  of  giving  birth. 

PlLr'ty  (19),  n.  A  number  of 
persons  united  by  some  tie ; 
a  select  assembly  ;  one  of 
t'.vo  litigants. 

Par'ty-eoPored,  a.  Varie- 
gated ;  of  various  colors. 

P^s'-ehal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  passover. 

Pa-sha',  or  Pa'sha,  n.  A 
Turkish  viceroy  or  governor. 

Pa-sha'ii-e,  a.  Jurisdiction  of 
a  pasha. 

Pas'quin-ade'  (-kwin-),  n. 
A  satirical  writing. 

Pass  (2),  1'.  t.  To  go  beyond  ; 
to  spend  ;  to  omit ;  to  enact. 
—  V.  i.  To  go;  to  move;  to 
circulate ;  to  be  current.  — 
n.  A  passage  ;  license  to 
pass  ;  a  thrust. 

Pass'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  passed ;  tolerable. 

Pass'a  bly,  adv.  Tolerably. 

P3,s'sage,  n.  Act  of  passing ; 
journey  ;  way ;  incident  ; 
portion  of  a  book. 

Pass'-bdbk,  n.  A  book  in 
which  a  trader  enters  ar- 
ticles bought  on  credit  and 
then  passes  or  sends  it  to 
the  purchaser. 

P3.s'sen-ger,  n.  A  traveler  by 
some  public  conveyance. 

Pass'ing,  n.  Act  of  going  by. 

Pils'sion  (pash^un),  n.  That 
which  is  suffered ;  any  strong 
emotion.  —  Syn.  Feeling; 
emotion.  [ed. 

Pas'sion-ate,  a.  Easily  excit- 

Pas'sion-ate-ly,  adv..  With 
passion.  [excited. 

Pas'sion-less,  a.    Not  easily 

Pas'sive,  a.  Receiving  im- 
pressions ;  not  active  ;  unre- 
sisting. 

P^s'sive-ly,  adv.  In  a  pas- 
sive manner. 

Pass'o-ver,  n.  A  feast  of  the 
Jews.    See  Exnd.  xii. 


Pass'port,  n.   A  permission 

to  travel ;  a  safe  conduct. 
Pass'word  (-ward),  n.  A 
word  to  be  given  before  one 
can  pass  ;  a  watch-word. 
Past,  prep.  Beyond. — n.  Time 
that    has    gone    by.  —  a. 
Elapsed ;  ended. 
Paste,  n.    An  adhesive  mixt- 
ure.—  V.  t.    To  unite  with 
paste.  [thick  paper. 

Paste'board,  n.  A  species  of 
Pas'tern,  n.  Part  of  a  horse's 

leg  next  to  the  hoof. 
Pas-tiile',  n.  A  small  cone  of 
perfumed  paste  for  burning. 
Pas'time  (17),  n.  Diversion  ; 

amusement ;  sport. 
Pas'tor,  n.  A  shepherd ;  min- 
ister of  a  church. 
Pas'tor-al,  a.  Rural ;  relating 
to  a  pastor. — n.    A  poem 
describing  rural  life.  [tor. 
Pas'tor-ate,  n.  Office  of  apas- 
Pas'try,  n.    Pies,  tarts,  cake, 
I     &c.  [pasture. 
Past'ur-a-ble,  a.      Fit  for 
Past'ur-age,  n.  Lands  grazed 

by  cattle ;  grass  for  cattle. 
Pasture)  n.    Land  for  graz- 
ing. —  V.  t.  or  i.    To  graze. 
Pas'ty ,  a .  Like  paste  or  dough . 

—  n.  A  pie  made  of  paste. 
Pat,  a.  Fit ;  exactly  suitable. 

—  n.    A  light  blow. 
Patch  (18),  M..    A  piece  of 

cloth   used   in    mending  ; 
plot.  —  v.t.  To  put  a  patch 
on  ;  to  repair  clumsily, 
patch' work  (-wQrk),  n.  Bits 
of  cloth  sewed  together ; 
bungling  work.  [head. 
Pate,  n.  llead ;  skin  of  a  calfs 
Pa^tent,  or  Pat'ent,  n.  A 
grant  of  an  exclusive  right  to 
an  invention.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  a  public  grant  of. 
Pa'tent,  or  Pat'ent,  a.  Open ; 

public  ;  manifest. 
Pa'tent  ee',  or  Pat^ent-ee', 
n.   One  to  whom  a  patent  is 
granted.  [reditary. 
Pa-t5r'nal,  a.   Fatherly  ;  he- 
Pa-t§r'ni-ty,  n.    Relation  of 
a  fother  to  his  offspring ; 
fatherhood.  [prayer. 
Pa'ter-n6s^ter,  n.  The  Lord's 
I  Path,  n.  (pi.  Pathg.)  A  way 


trod  by  man  or  beast ;  course 
of  action  or  life.  —  Syn, 
Road ;  route  ;  passage;  track. 

Pa-thet'i-e,  a.  Affecting  the 
tender  emotions.  [path. 

Path 'less,  a.      Having  no 

Path^o-ld^'i-C,     )  a.  Relat- 

Path'o-log'i-c-al,  j  ing  to 
pathology. 

Pa-th61'o-gist,  11.  One  who 
treats  of  pathology. 

Pa-thol'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  diseases. 

Pa'th6s,  n.  That  which 
awakens  tender  emotions. 

Path'way,  n.  A  path  con- 
ducting to  any  point. 

Pa'tienge,  n.  Power  of  suf- 
fering without  complaint  ; 
perseverance ;  resignation. 

Pa'tient,  a.  Enduring  with- 
out complaint.  —  n.  A  sick 
person. 

Pa'tient-ly,  adv.  Without 
complaint ;  with  resignation. 

Pa'tri-ar€h,  n.  The  head  of 
a  family  or  church. 

Pa^tri-ar€h'al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  patriarch. 

Pa-tri'cian  (-trish/an ),  a.  Of 
noble  family.  —  n.  A  noble- 
man, [by  inheritance. 

P3,t/ri-mo'ni-al,  a.  Possessed 

Pat'ri-mo-ny,  n.  An  estate 
derived  by  inheritance. 

Pa'tri-ot,  n.  One  who  loves 
his  country. 

Pa/tri-6t'i€,  a.  Having  love 
to  one's  country. 

Pa'tri-ot-ism,  n.  Love  of 
one's  country. 

Pa-tris'ti<J,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ancient  Christian  fathers. 

Pa-tr51',  n.  The  guard  that 
goes  round  a  camp  at  night. 
—  V.  t.  To  go  round,  as  a 
sentry.  —  v.  t.  To  pass 
round,  as  a  sentry. 

Pa'tron,n.  One  who  counte- 
nances or  protects.  —  Syn. 
Advocate ;  benefactor. 

P5,t'ron-age,  n.  Special  coun- 
tenance or  support ;  aid. 

Pa,t'ron-al,  a.  Protecting  ; 
favoring.  [tron. 

Pa'tron-ess,  n.  A  female  pa- 

P&t'ron-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  act 
the  patron  to.  —  Syn.  To 


a, e, T, 6,  u,  y,  long;     6, 1,  6,  u,  y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  ^11}  whg,t ;  ere,  vgil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


PATRONYMIC 


191 


PELICAN 


support ;  favor  ;  aid  ]  de- 
fend ;  uphold. 

Pat'ro-nym'i€,  n.  A  name 
derived  from  an  ancestor. 

Pat'ten,  n.  The  base  of  a 
column  ;  a  kind  of  wooden 
shoe  standing  on  an  iron 
ring.  [drops  of  rain. 

Pat'ter,  v.  i.    To  strike  as 

Pat'tern,  n.  A  model  for  imi- 
tation. —  V.  i.    To  copy. 

Pat'ty,  n.    A  little  pie. 

Pau'Qi-ty,  n.  Small  ness  of 
number  or  quantity,  [belly. 

Paunch,  or  Paunch,  n.  The 

Pau'per,  n.  A  poor  person  ; 
one  who  receives  alms. 

Pau'per-i§m,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing a  pauper ;  indigence. 

Pau§e,  n.  A  stop  ;  cessation  ; 
suspense.  — v.  i.  To  stop  ; 
to  cease  ;  to  wait. 

Pave,  V.  t.  To  lay  with  stone 
or  brick.       [stone  or  brick. 

Pave'ment,  n.    A  floor  of 

Pav'er,  )  n.    One  who  lays 

Pav'ier,  J  stones  for  a  pave- 
ment. 

Pa-vil'ion  (-yun),  n.  A  tent ; 
a  kind  of  building  or  turret. 

Paw,  n.  The  foot  of  a  beast. 
"—V.  i.  or  t.  To  scrape  or 
strike  with  the  foot. 

Pawn,  n.  A  pledge  deposited. 
"—v.t.   To  leave  as  security. 

Pawn'bro-ker,  n.  One  who 
lends  money  on  pledge. 

Pay,  V.  t.  [imp.  and  p.  p. 
Paid.]  To  discharge,  as  a 
debt  or  duty  ;  to  reward  ;  to 
rub  over,  as  with  tar,  &c. 
—  V.  i.  To  be  remunera- 
tive.—  n.  Payment ;  reward. 

Pay'a-ble,  a.   Justly  due. 

Pay'-day,  n.  A  day  of  reck- 
oning. 

Pay-ee',  «.  One  to  whom  a 
note  is  made  payable. 

Pay'-mas''ter,  n.  An  officer 
who  makes  payment. 

Pay'ment,  n.  Act  of  paying  ; 
money  paid. 

Pea  (23),  n.  A  plant  and  its 
fruit,  used  for  food. 

Peage,  n.  Quiet ;  repose  ;  free- 
dom from  war  or  disturb- 
ance,        [to  peace  ;  quiet. 

PeaQe'a-ble(ll),  a.  Disposed 


PeaQe'ful  (17),  a.    Quiet  in 

mind  ;' undisturbed. 
Peage'-mak'er,  n.    One  who 
makes  peace  by  reconciling 
parties  at  variance. 

Peach  (18),  n.  A  delicious 
stone-fruit.  [fowl. 

Pea'-c6ck,  n.      A  beautiful 

Pea'hen,  n.  Female  of  the 
peacock.  [a  point. 

Peak,  n.    The  top  of  a  hill ; 

Peal,  n.  A  loud  sound. — v.i. 
To  utter  loud  and  solemn 
sounds.  [a  paean. 

Pe'an,  n.   A  triumphal  song ; 

Pear,  n.   A  tree  and  its  fruit. 

Pearl,  n.  A  white  substance 
found  in  the  oyster.  — v.  t. 
To  adorn  Avitli  pearls. 

Pearl'ash,7i.  Refined  potash. 

Pearl'y,  a.    Like  pearl. 

Peag'ant,  n.  One  who  lives 
by  rural  labor.  [rustics. 

Peas'ant-ry,  n.     Peasants  ; 

Pease,  n.  pi.  Peas  collectively. 

Peat,  n.  A  species  of  turf.often 
used  for  fuel.  [stone. 

Peb'ble,  n.  A  small  roundish 

Peb'bly,  a.    Full  of  pebbles. 

Pe-€an',  n.  A  tree  and  its 
nut.  [to  sin. 

Pe-c^-ea-bil'l-ty,  M.  -Liability 

Pe€'-ea-ble,  a.    Liable  to  sin. 

Pe€/€a-da'lo(18),n.  A  slight 
fault ;  a  petty  offense. 

Peck,  n.  Fourth  of  a  bushel. 
—  V.  t.  To  strike  with  the 
beak  or  something  pointed. 

Pe€'to-ral,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  breast.  —  n.  A  medi- 
cine for  the  breast. 

Pe€'u-late,  v.i.  To  steal  pub- 
lic moneys  intrusted  to  one. 

Pe€^u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  pecu- 
lating ;  embezzlement. 

Pe-e'u-la^tor,  n.  A  robber  of 
the  public  property. 

Pe-eul'iar,  a.  Appropriate ; 
singular;  special. 

Pe-euPiar'i-ty  (-yar'i-),  n. 
Singularity. 

Pe-«ul'iar-ly,  adv.  In  a  pe- 
culiar manner ;  particularl5^ 

Pe-eun'ia-ry  (-kun^ya-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  money. 

Ped/a-g6g'i€,      )  a.  Suiting, 

Ped'a-g6g'i-e-al,  J  or  pertain- 
ing to,  a  pedagogue. 


Ped'a-gog-i§m,  n.  Business 
or  character  of  a  pedagogue. 

Ped'a-g6gue,  n.  A  school- 
master. 

Ped'al,  n.  The  foot-key  of  an 

organ  or  piano-forte. 
Ped'ant,  n.    One  who  makes 

a  display  of  learning. 
Pc-dant'i-C,  a.  Displaying 

pedantry. 
Ped'ant-ry,  n.  Ostentation 

of  learning. 
Ped'dle,  v.  i.    To  travel  and^ 

retail  goods. 
Ped'dler,  n.  A  traveling  trad- 
er in  small  wares. 
Ped'es-tal,  rj.    The  base  of  a 

column,  statue,  &c. 
Pe-des'tri-an,  a.    Going  or 

performed  on  foot. —  n.  One 

who  goes  on  foot. 
Pe-des'tri-an-ism,  n.  Act 

of  walking,  and  going  on 

foot. 

Ped'i-gree,  n.  Genealogy  ; 
lineage. 

Ped'i-m.ent,n.  An  ornament- 
al crowning  of  a  door,  win- 
dow, &c. 

Pe'do-b3.p'tist,  n.  One  who 
holds  to  infant  baptism. 

Pe-dun'-ele,  n.  Stem  of  a 
flower  and  of  the  fruit  of  a 
plant. 

Peel  (8),  r.  t.  To  strip  of 
skin  or  rind.  —  v.  i.  To 
come  off,  as  the  skin. — n. 
Rind  ;  bark  ;  a  large  fire 
shovel. 

Peep,  n.  Sly  look  ;  first  ap- 
pearance ;  cry  of  chickens. 
—  V.  i.  To  begin  to  appear ; 
to  cry  as  a  chicken. 

Peer,  n.  An  equal ;  a  noble- 
man. —  V.  i.  To  come  in 
sight. 

Peer'age,  n.    Body  of  peers. 

Peer'ess,  n.    Wife  of  a  peer. 

Peer'lQSS,  a.  Without  an 
equal ;  unequaled. 

Pee'Vish,  a.  Easily  vexed.  — 
Syn.  Cross  ;  testy  ;  irrita- 
ble ;  captious  ;  fretful. 

Peg,  n.    A  small  wooden  pin. 

Pelf,  n.  Money  ; — in  an  odious 
sense. 

Pel'i-€an,  n.  A  large  web- 
footed  water-fowl. 


son,  6r,  dQ,  wQlf,  too,  tdbk ;  firn,  rije,  pull ;  f ,  ^,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


PELISSE 


192 


PERADYENTURE 


Pe-iisse'  (-leessO,  n.  A  silk 
habit  for  a  female. 

Pell  (1),  n.   A  skin  ;  a  hide. 

Pel'let,  n.  A  little  ball. 

Pel'ii-ele,  n.  A  thin  external 
skin  ;  film. 

PSll-meli',  adv.  Confusedly. 

Pel-lu'gid,  a.  Adnntting  the 
passage  of  light ;  clear. 

Pelt,  n.  A  raw  or  undressed 
hide.  —r.t.  To  strike  with 
pellets  or  missiles. 

Pelt'ry,  n.  Furs. 

Pel'vis,  n.  Bony  structure  at 
the  lower  extremity  of  the 
body,  which  contains  the 
intestines,  &c. 

Pem'mi-ean,  n.  Meat  dried, 
pounded,  and  mixed  with 
melted  fat  and  dried  fruit. 

Pen,  n.  Instrument  for  writ- 
ing ;  a  writer  ;  a  small  in- 
closure  for  beasts.  —  v.  t.  To 
write  ;  to  confine. 

Pe'nal,  a.  Denouncing  or  in- 
curring punishment. 

Pen'al-ty,  n.  Punishment  at- 
tached to  the  commission  of 
a  crime. 

Pen'ange.  n.  Suffering  inflict- 
ed or  self-imposed  for  sin. 

Pon^e,  n.  pi.  of  Penny. 

PSn'gil,  n.  A  brush  ;  .an  in- 
strument of  black  lead, 
colored  chalk,  or  the  like, 
for  writing  and  drawing.  — 
V.  t.  (8)  To  draw  or  paint. 

Pcnd'ant,  n.  A  hanging  ap- 
pendage ;  a  pennant. 

Pend'en-gy,  n.  Suspense ;  de- 
lay of  decision. 

Pend'ent,  a.  Hanging  ;  sus- 
pended ;  pendulous. 

Pend'ing,  a.  Remaining  un- 
decided ;  in  suspense. 

Pend'u-lous,  a.  Swinging. 

Pend'u-lum,  n.  A  body  sus- 
pended and  vibrating. 

Pen^e-tra-hil'i-ty, «.  Quality 
of  being  penetrable. 

Pen'c-tra-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  penetrated. 

Pcn'e-trate,  v.  t.  To  pierce  ; 
to  enter  ;  to  feel  deeply. 

Pcn^'e-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  en- 
tering ;  sagacity. 

Pen'o-tra'tive,  )  a.  Discern- 
Pfin^e-tra^ting,  /  ing  ;  acute, 


Pgn'guln  (-gwin), 

n.  A  web-footed 

marine  bird. 
Pen-in'su-la 

(-SU-  or  -shij-), 

n.  Land  nearly 

surrounded  by 

water. 

Pen-in'su-lar  Penguin. 
(-SU-  or  -shi}-),  a.  Having 
the  form  of  a  peninsula. 

Pen'i-tenge,  n.  Sorrow  of 
heart  for  sin  ;  contrition. 

Pen'i-tent,  a.  Suffering  sor- 
row for  sin.  —  n.  One  sor- 
rowful for  sin. 

Pen^i-ten'tial,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  expressing,  penitence. 

Pen/i-ten'ti-a-ry  (-shi-a-ry), 
a.  Relating  to  penitence. 
—  n.  A  house  of  correction ; 
prison . 

Pen'knife  (p6n/Tf,  20),  n.  A 

knife  for  pens. 
Pen'man  (21),  n.    One  who 

writes  a  good  hand ;  an 

author. 

Pen'man-ship,  v.  Manner  of 
writing;  use  of  the  pen. 

Pen'nant,  )  n.    A  small  flag 

Pen'non,  |     or  streamer. 

Pen'nate,  a.  Winged. 

Pen'ni-less  (13),  a.  Having 
no  money. 

Pen'ny,  n.  (pi.  Pen'nies, 
Penge,  25.)  The  twelfth  ofla, 
shilling,  equal  to  four  far- 
things, or  about  two  cents. 

Pen^ny-roy'al,  n.  An  aro- 
matic herb. 

Pen'ny-weight  (-wat).  n.  A 
troy  weight  of  24  grains. 

Pen'ny-wige,  a.  Saving 
small  sums  at  the  risk  of 
losing  larger  ones. 

Pen'ny-worth.  (-wQrth),  n. 
As  much  as  is  bought  for  a 
penny  ;  a  bit. 

Pen'siie,  a.  Hanging. 

Pen'sion,  n.  A  settled  yearly 
allowance  by  government. 
— V.  t.  To  grant  a  pension  to. 

Pen'sion-a-ry,  a.  Receiving, 
or  consisting  of,  «a  pension. 

Pen'sion-er,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives a  pension. 

Pgn'sive,  a.  Thoughtful ; 
sad. 


Pent,  imp.  Sc  p.  p.  of  Fen. 
Closely  confined. 

Pen'ta-gon,  n.  A 
figure  of  five  an- 
gles and  five  sides. ^ 

Pen-tag'o-nal,   a.  ^ 

Having  five   an-  ^-  

gles  Pentagon. 

Pen'ta-graph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  cop3  ing  figures. 

Pen/ta-he'dral,  a.  Having 
five  equal  sides. 

Pen'ta-he'dron,  n.  A  figure 
having  five  equal  sides. 

Pen-tam'e-ter,  n.  A  poetic 
verse  of  five  feet. 

Pen-t^n^gu-lar,  a.  Having 
five  angles. 

Pen'ta-teu€h,  n.  First  five 
books  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Pen'te-€6st,  n.  A  Jewish  fes- 
tival fifty  days  after  the 
Passover. 

Pent'-house,  n.  A  shed  slop- 
ing from  the  main  building. 

Pe'nuit,  or  Pe-nult',  n.  Last 
syllable  but  one. 

Pe-nul'ti-ma,    )«.  The  last 

Pe-nul'ti  mate, )  syllable 
but  one  of  a  word  ;  penult. 

Pe-niilt'i-mate,  a.  Of  the 
last  S3  liable  but  one. 

Pe-num'tora,  a.  A  partial 
shade  in  an  eclipse. 

Pe-nii'ri-ous,  a.  Very  parsi- 
monious ;  niggardly. 

Pen'u-ry,  n.  Poverty  ;  indi- 
gence. 

Pe'on,  n.  A  debtor  held  as  a 
slave  till  he  works  out  his 
debt. 

Pe'cn-age,  n.  The  servitude 

of  a  peon. 
Pe'o-ny,  n.    A  plant  and  its 

flower. 

Peo'ple  (pc^pl),  n.  A  nation  ; 
persons  generall}' ;  folks.  — 
V.  t.  To  stock  with  inhabi- 
tants ;  to  populate. 

Pep'per,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
hot,  pungent  seed.  —  v.  L 
To  sprinkle  with  pepper. 

Pep'per-mint,  n.  An  aro- 
matic and  pungent  plant. 

P6p'per-y,  n.  Hot ;  pungent ; 
fiery  ;  irritable. 

Pfir^ad-vgnt'ure,  adv.  Ry 
chance  ;  perhaps. 


a,  0,  1 ,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  5,  i,  o,  u,  5^,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  gU,  wh^jt ;  ere,  veil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


PERAMBULATE 


103 


PERPENDICULAR 


Per-Sm'bu-late,  v.  t.  To 
wulk  round  or  over. 

Per-S-m^bu-la'tion,  n.  A 
passing  or  walking  over. 

Per-am'bu-la^tor,  n.  One 
who  perambulates ;  instru- 
ment to  measure  distances. 

Per-geiv'a-ble  (11),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  perceived. 

Per-geive',  v.  t.  To  feel ;  to 
observe ;  to  discern. 

Per-^6nt'age,  n.  Allowance 
or  duty  on  a  hundred. 

Per-cSp'ti-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  perceived. 

Per-Q6p'ti-bly,  adv.  So  as 
to  be  perceived. 

Per-Qep'tion,  n.  Act  or  power 
of  perceiving.  —  Syn.  Idea  ; 
conception ;  sentiment;  sen- 

.  sation  ;  observation,  [ceive. 

Per-Q§p'tive,  a.  Able  to  per- 

Perch,  n.  A  kind  of  fish ;  a 
pole  :  a  roost ;  a  rod.  —  v.  i. 
To  light ;  to  roost. 

Per-change',  adv.  Perhaps. 

Per-Qip'i-ent,  a.  Having  the 
faculty  of  perception. 

Per'€0-late,  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
strain  through ;  to  filter. 

Per^'-eo-la'tion,  n.  A  passing 
through  small  interstices ; 
filtration. 

Per-eus'sion  (-kttsh^un),  n. 
Act  or  effect  of  striking ;  vi- 
bratory shock  ;  a  stroke. 

Per-di'tion  (-dlsh/un),  n. 
Ruin  ;  loss  of  the  soul. 

Per-du',  adv.  Lost ;  in  a  state 
of  concealment. 

Per''e-gri-na'tion,  n.  A  trav- 
eling ;  a  wandering. 

Per'emp-to-ri-ly,  adv.  Posi- 
tively ;  absolutely. 

Per'emp-to-ri-ness,  n.  Posi- 
tiveness.  [absolute. 

Per'emp-to-ry,  a.  Positive; 

Per-en'ni-al,  a.  Durable  ; 
lasting  perpetually. 

Per'fe€t,  a.  Complete  ;  fin- 
ished ;  consummate. 

Per'fe-et,  or  Per-fe€t',  v.  t. 
To  finish  ;  to  complete. 

Per-fe€'tion,  n.  State  of 
being  perfect ;  completeness. 

Per-fe«t'ive,  a.  Conducive 
to  perfection. 

Per-fid'i-ous,  a.    False  to 


trust ;  faithless  ;  treacher- 
ous. 

Per'fi-dy,  n.  Violation  of 
faith.  —  SVN.  Treachery  ; 
disloyalty  ;  faithlessne^s. 

Per'fo-ratc,  v.  t.  To  bore  or 
pierce  through. 

Peiyfo-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  boi*- 
ing  through ;  a  hole  bored. 

Per-forge',  adv.  Violently  ; 
of  necessity. 

Per-form',  v.  t.  To  do  ;  to 
execute  thoroughly. 

Per-form'ange,  w.  That 
which  is  done ;  composi- 
tion ;  work. 

Per-fdrm'er,  n.  One  who  per- 
forms. 

Per'fume,  or  Per-fume',  n. 
A  sweet  scent ;  fragrance. 

Per-fume',  v.  t.    To  scent. 

Per-fum'er-y,  n.  Perfumes 
in  general. 

Per-fun€'to-ry,  a.  Done  to 
get  rid  of  the  duty  ;  indiffer- 
ent ;  negligent. 

Per-haps',  adv.  By  chance. 

Pe'ri(18),  n.  A  kindof  fairy. 

Per''i-€ar'di-um,  n.  Mem- 
brane inclosing  the  heart. 

Per'i-earp,  n.  Ripened  ovary 
of  a  plant. 

Per'i-gee,  n.  That  point  in 
the  orbit  of  the  moon  which 
is  nearest  to  the  earth. 

Per'i-hel'ion  (or  -hsaT-un), 
n.  The  point  in  a  planet's 
orbit  nearest  the  sun. 

Per'il,  n.  Danger  ;  risk  ;  haz- 
ard.—  ^•.     (8)  To  hazard. 

Per'il-ous,  a.  Full  of  danger. 

Pe-rim'e-ter,  n.  The  outer 
boundary  of  a  figure. 

Pe'ri-od,  n.  A  circuit ;  time 
of  a  revolution ;  series  of 
years  ;  epoch  ;  era  ;  age ; 
end  ;  a  complete  sentence ; 
a  point  [.],  used  in.  writing 
and  printing. 

Pe-'ri-od'i-e-al,  a.  Regularly 
returning.  —  n.  A  period- 
ical magazine. 

Pe''ri-6d'i€-al-ly,  adv.  At 
stated  periods. 

Pe-riph'er-y,  n.  Circumfer- 
ence of  a  circle. 

Per'i-phrase,    )  n.  A  round- 

Pe-riph'ra-sis,  )  aboutmode 


of  expression ;  circumlocu- 
tion. 

Per^i-phras'ti-c,  a.  Express- 
ing or  expressed  in  many- 
words  ;  circumlocutory. 

Per'ish,  v.  i.  To  decay ;  to 
die ;  to  go  to  ruin. 

Per'ish-a-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
perish  ;  subject  to  decay. 

Per^i-stal'ti€,  a.  Contracting 
with  a  worm-like  motion. 

Per'i-style,  n.  A  range  of 
columns  round  an  edifice. 

Per'i-wig,  n.  A  small  wig. 

Per'i-wink^le,  n.  A  small 
shell-fish.  [oath  to. 

Per'Jure,  v.  t.  To  make  a  false 

Per'jii-ry,  n.  The  act  of  will- 
fully taking  a  false  oath. 

Perk,  a.  Lively  ;  pert. 

Per'ma-nenge,  [ ».  Contin- 

Per'ma-nen-gy,  J  uance ; 
duration ;  fixedness. 

Per'ma-nent,  a.  Durable  ; 
lasting ;  without  change. 

Per'me-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  passed  through. 

Per 'me -ate,  v.  t.  To  pass 
through  the  intetitices  of. 

Per/me-a'tion,  «.  The  act  of 
passing  through  pores. 

Per-mis'si-ble,  a.  Proper  to 
be  permitted ;  allowable. 

Per-mis'sion  (-mish'^un),  n. 
Act  of  permitting  ;  formal 
consent;  leave;  liberty. 

Per-mis'sive,  a.  Granting. 

Per-mit',  v.  t.  To  give  per- 
mission or  leave ;  to  license. 

Per'mit,  or  Per-mit',  n.  A 
warrant  in  writing. 

Per'mu-t action,  n.  Arrange- 
ment of  a  given  number  of 
things  in  all  possible  ways. 

Per-ni'cioiis  (-nish'us),  a. 
Injuring  or  tending  to  in- 
jure. —  Syn.  Hurtful ;  nox- 
ious ;  destructive. 

Per/o-ra'tion,  n.  The  closing 
part  of  an  oration.. 

Per''pen-di-e'u-  d 
lar,  a.  Up- 
right ;  meeting 
at  right  angles. 
—  n.  A.  Une  or 
plane  at  right  1'. 
angles  to  aa-  od,  Perpen- 
other.  dicular. 


s6n,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  too,  took;  Grn,  rije,  pi,ill ;  f,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist;  c  as  ng;  this. 


PERPENDICULARLY 


191 


PETROLEUM 


Per'pen-di€'u-lar-ly,  adv. 

At  right  angles. 
Per'pe-trate,  v.  t.   To  do  or 

commit. ;  to  perform. 
Per^pe-tra'tion,  n.  Commis- 
sion of  something  wrong. 
Per'pe-tra^tor,  n.    One  who 

perpetrates. 
Per-pet'u-al,  a.    Never  ceas- 
ing ;  everlasting. 
Pe^-p8t'u-ate,^'. To  make 

perpetual. 
Per-pet'u-a'tion, )  n.Endless 
Pcr^pe-tu'i-ty,     j  duration. 
Per-plex',  v.  t.    To  embar- 
rass ;  to  puzzle.  [ing. 
Per-plex'ing,  a.  Embarrass- 
Per-plex'i-ty ,  n.  State  of  in- 
tricacy ;  embarrassment. 
Per'qui-site,  n.    An  extra 
allowance  in  money  or  other 
things.  _ 
Per'se-eute,  v.  t.  To  pursue 

with  malignity  ;  to  harass. 
Per'se-€u'tion,  n.    State  of 

being  persecuted. 
Per'se-<5u''tor,  n.    One  who 

persecutes. 
Per^se-ver'ange,  n.  A  persist- 
ing in  what  is  undertaken. 
Per^se-vere',  v.  i.  To  persist. 
Per-sim'mon,  n.  An  Ameri- 
can tree  and  its  fruit. 
Per-sist',  V.  i.  To  persevere 

steadily  and  firmly. 
Per-sist'enge,  n.  Persever- 
ance   against   opposition  ; 
steady  pursuit. 
Per'son  (per'sn),  n.  A  living 
human  being ;    one ;  out- 
ward appearance. 
P5r'son-a-ble,  a.    Having  a 

well-formed  bod}^. 
Per'son-age,  n.  A  person  of 

distinction. 
Per'son-al,  n.  Belonging  to  a 

person ;  movable. 
Pcr''son-al'i-ty,  n.  Direct  ap- 
plication to  a  person. 
Per'son-al-ly ,  adv.  In  x)erson. 
Per'son-al-ty,  n.  Personal 

property  or  estate. 
Per'son-^te,  v.  t.    To  repre- 
sent, [representing. 
Per^son-a'tion,  n.    Act  of 
Per-s6n''i-fi-€a,'tion,  n.  A 
representation  of  inanimate 
things  as  living  beings. 


Per-Bon'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  regard 
or  treat  :is  a  person.  I 

Per-spe€'tive, «.  Relating  to 
vision.  —  n.  Art  of  repre- 
senting objects  correctly  on 
a  plane  surface. 

Per''spi-ea'ci6us,  a.  Quick- 
sighted;  discerning;  keen. 

Per^spi-cag'i-ty,  n.  Acute- 
ness  of  sight  or  discernment. 

Per'spi-cu'i-ty,  n.  Clearness. 

Per-spl-e'u-ous,  a.  Clear,  es- 
pecially in  statement ;  plain. 

Per^'spi-ra'tion,  n.  Excretion 
through  the  pores  ;  sweat. 

Per-spire',  v.  To  emit  fluid 
matter  through  the  pores  ; 
to  sweat. 

Per-suade',  v.  t.To  influence 
by  argument  or  entreaty. 

Per-sua'sion,  n.  Act  of  per- 
suading ;  creed  ;  belief  ; 
reason. 

Per-sua'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
persuade. 

Pert,  a.  Smart ;  brisk  ;  saucy. 

Per-tain' (8),  v.  i.  To  belong ; 
to  relate. 

Per'ti-na/cious,  a.  Holding 
firmly  to  any  opinion  or 
purpose. —  Syn.  IMrm  ;  con- 
stant ;  stubborn ;  obstinate. 

Perai-nag'i-ty,  n.  Obsti- 
nacy in  adherence. 

Per'ti-nengc,  \n.  Fitness; 

Pcr'ti-nen-gy, )  suitableness. 

Per'ti-nent,  a.  Appropriate 
to  the  case. — Syn.  Rele- 
vant ;  appasite  ;  appropri 
ate  ;  apt.  [purpose. 

Per'ti-nent-ly,  adv.    To  the 

Pert'ly,  adv.  Smartly  ;  sau- 
cily ;  impertinently. 

Pert'ness,  n.  Sauciness. 

Per-turb',  v.  t.  To  disturb 
the  mind  of ;  to  agitato. 

Per^tur-ba'tion,  n.  Disturb 
ance  of  the  mind  or  pas- 
sions ;  disquiet,       [of  hair. 

PSr'vike,  n.   An  artificial  cap 

Pe-ril'sal,  n.  Act  of  perus- 
ing. ^  [tontion. 

Pc-ru§e',  V.  t.  To  read  with  at- 
Per-vade',  v.  t.  To  pass 
through.  [vading. 
Per-va'§ion,  n.  Act  of  per- 
Per-va'sivc,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  pervade. 


Per-verse',  a.  Obstinate  in 
the  wrong;  fro  ward. 

Per-ver'sion,  n.  A  diverting 
from  the  proper  use. 

Per-ver'si-ty  (11),  n.  State 
of  being  perverse. 

Per-ver'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
pervert  or  corrupt. 

Per-vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  from 
truth  or  from  the  right ;  to 
corrupt,  [being  penetrated. 

Per'vi-ous,  a.    Capable  of 

Per'vi-ous-ness,  n.  Quality 
of  being  pervious. 

Pest,  n.    Plague  ;  pestilence. 

PSs'ter,  V.  t.  To  harass  with 
little  vexations  ;  to  annoy. 

P6st'-house,  n.  A  hospital 
for  infectious  diseases. 

Pes-tif'er-ous,  a.  Pestilen- 
tial ;  troublesome. 

Pes'ti-lenge,  n.  Contagious 
distemper;  plague. 

Pes'ti-lent,  a.  Noxious  to 
health,  morals,  society,  Lc. 

Pes'ti-len'tial,a.  Containing, 
or  tending  to,  the  plague. 

Pes'tle  (pes^),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  pounding  and 
breaking  things  iu  a  mortar. 

Pet,  n.  Fit  of  peevishness  ; 
any  creature  fondled  or  m- 
dulged.  — To  treat  tv 3 
a  pet ;  to  fondle.  [leaf. 

Pet'al,orPe'tal,  n.  A  flowcr- 

Pe-tard',  n.  A  piece  cf  ord- 
nance for  blowing  up  workr^. 

Pet'i-ole,  n.  Foot-stalk  of 
a  leaf.  [tie  ;  mean. 

Pet'it(pgt/5^),  a.    Small;  lit- 
Pe-ti'tion  (-tiWun),  n.  Re- 
quest;  prayer.  —  v.  t.  To 
supplicate ;  to  solicit. 
Pet'rel,  n.    A  long-wingcd, 

web-footed  sea-fowl. 
PcVri-fa-e'tion,  n.  Conver- 
sion into  stone. 
PeVri-fa-et'ivc,  a.  Ilavii^g 
power  to  change  into  stony 
matter;  petrific. 
Pe-trif'i-e,  a.    Having  power 

to  turn  to  stone. 
Pet'ri-fy ,  v.  t.  To  convert  into 
stone  or  a  stony  substance. 
—  V.  i.  To  become  stone. 
Pe-tr5'le-um,  n.  An  inflam- 
mable, bituminous  liquid 
exuding  from  the  earth. 


a, g,  1, 0.  u,  y,  long;     e,  i,  6,  tt,     short ;  care,  ciir, lisk,  all,  what ;  ere, veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


PETTICOAT 


195 


PHYSIOLOGIST 


Pet'ti-coat,  n.  A  woman's 
under  garment.  [lawyer. 

Pet'ti-fog^ger,  n.     A  petty 

Pet'ti-fog^ger-y,  n.  Mean 
business  of  a  lawyer. 

Pet'tish,  a.  Fretful ;  peevish. 

Pct'ti-t6e§,  n.  pL  The  toes 
or  feet  of  a  pig. 

Pot'ty.a.  Small;  trifling. 

Pot'u-lange,  n.  Peevishness. 

Pot'u-lant,  a.  Peevish  ;  fret- 
ful ;  irritable. 

Pew  (pa),  n.  An  inclosed  seat 
in  a  church. 

Pe'wit,  n.    A  bird. 

Pew'ter,  n.  A  compound  of 
tin  and  lead. 

Pha,'e-tcn,  n.  An  open  four- 
wheeled  carriage. 

Ph3,l'anx,  n.  A  compact 
body  of  soldiers. 

Phai'an-stsr/y,  n.  The  resi- 
dence or  the  common  stock 
of  a  community  of  Fourier- 
ites ;  the  community  itself. 

Ph^n'tasm,  n.  Mental  image 
of  a  real  or  of  an  imaginary 
object ;  an  optical  illusion. 

Phan-tas'ma-go'ri-a,  71.  Il- 
lusive images. 

Phan'tom,  n.  An  apparition. 

Phar/a-sa.'i€,     la.  Like  the 

Phar^a-sa'i^-al,  j  Pharisees ; 
formal.  [in  religion. 

Phar'i-sa-ism,  n.  Hypocrisy 

Phar^i-seefvi.  One  of  a  Jew- 
ish sect  strict  in  the  exter- 
nals of  religion. 

Phiir^ma-geu'ti-c,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  pharmacy. 

Ph:ir'nia-gy,  n.  Preparation 
of  medicines. 

Pha'rcs,  n.    A  light-house. 

Phar'ynx,  n.  Cavity  above 
the  windpipe,  and  into  which 
the  nose  and  mouth  open. 

Phase  {S),n.  Appearance. 

Phcas'ant,  n.  A  gallina- 
ceous bird  found  wild  ia 
Europe. 

Phe''nix,  n.  A  fabulous  bird, 
thought  to  cxi?fc  single,  and 
to  rise  again  from  its  own 
ashes. 

Phe^nom'e-non,  n.  {pi.  Phe- 
nom'c-na.)  An  appearance ; 
any  thing  remarkable. 

PhPal,  n.    A  glass  vessel. 


I  Phn/an-thr6p'i<;,     )  a. 

PhiPan-thiop'i€-al,  )  Hav- 
ing good  will  to  mankind. 

Phi-lan'thro-pist,  n.  A  per- 
^fon  of  general  benevolence. 

Phi-lan'thro-py,  n.  The  love 
of  mankind  at  large. 

Phi-lip'pi€,  n.  Any  invective 
discourse  or  declamation. 

PhiPo-ldg'ic-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  philology. 

Phi-I61'o-ger,  I  n .  One  versed 

Phi-161'o-gist,  j  in  philo.ogy. 

Phi-161'o-gy,  n.  The  study 
of  language,  esp.  in  a  phil- 
osophical manner.  [g^ile. 

Phil'o-mel,  n.    The  nightin- 

Phi^lo-pro-gSn'i-tive-ness , 
n.    The  love  of  offspring. 

Phi-16s'o-pher,  n.  One  skilled 
in  philosophy. 

PhiPo-soph'i-c,      \  a.  Per- 

PhiPo-s6pli'ic-al,  j  taining 
or  according  to  philosophy  ; 
rational ;  cool. 

Phil/o-s6ph'i€-aI-ly,  adv. 
According  to  philosophy. 

Phi-los'o-phize,  v.  t.  To  rea- 
son lilce  a  philosopher. 

Phi-los'o-phy,  n.  Knowledge 
of  phenomena,  as  explained 
by,  and  resolved  into,  causes 
and  reasons,  powers  and 
laws. 

Phil'ter,  n.  A  potion  to  ex- 
cite love. 

Phiz.  n.    The  face ;  visage. 

Phle-hot'o-mist,  n.  One  who 
lets  blood  with  a  lancet. 

Phle-bot'o-my,  n.  Act  or  art 
of  opening  a  vein. 

Phlegm  ( ilem ) ,  n.  Cold  ani- 
mal fluid  ;  mucus ;  sluggish- 
ness ;  coldness ;  dullness. 

Phleg-mat'i-e,  a.  Abounding 
with  phlegm  ;  cold  ;  dull. 

PhcE'nix,  n.    See  Fhenix. 

Pho-net'i-e,  a.  Relating  to 
the  representation  of  sounds 
by  characters. 

Pho-n6t'i€S,  n.  sin^.  Science 
of  the  sounds  of  the  human 
voice  ;  phonology. 

Pho-n6g'ra-phy,  n.  A  rep- 
resentation of  sounds,  each 
by  its  distinctive  character, 

Pho-nol'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  vocal  elementary  sounds. 


Phds^pho-rds'geriQC,  n.  A 
faint  light  without  heat. 

Phds^pho-res'geiit,  a.  Shin- 
ing without  heat. 

Phos-ph6r'i-c,  a.  Obtained 
from  pliosphorus. 

Phos'pho-rus,  n.  A  com- 
bu.stible  substance  exhibit- 
ing a  faint  light  in  the 
dark. 

Pho'to-gr^ph,  n.    A  picture 
obtained  by  the  action  of 
lighten  chemically  prepared 
surfaces. 
Pho-t6g'ra-phy,  n.    Art  of 
producingi)ictureson  chem- 
ically jireparcd  paper  by  the 
agency  of  light. 
Phrase,  n.  A  sentence  ;  mode 
of  speech  ;  f tyle  ;  diction. 
—  r.  t.    To  name  or  f  tyle. 
Phra/sc-ol'o-gy,  n.  Manner 

of  expression. 
Phre-nol'c-gist,   n.  One 

versed  in  phrenology. 
Phre-n61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of 
the  special  functions  of  the 
parts  of  the  brain. 
Phren'55'',  n.  Madness. 
Phthi§'i€  (tiz^ik),  «.  Habit- 
ual difficulty  of  breathing, 
Phthis'i€-al     (tiz/ik-),  a. 

Breathing  hard, 
Phthi'sis  (thPsis),  n.  A  con- 
sumption of  the  lungs, 
Phy-la-c'ter-y,  n.    A  parch- 
ment   with   a  passagQ  of 
Scripture  written  on  it. 
Phys'i-e  (5),  n.    The  art  of 
healing  ;  medicine,  —  v.  t. 
To  evacuate  the  bowels  of. 
Phys'ic-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 
nature  ;  external ;  corporeal. 
Phy-si'cian    (-zTsh/an),  n. 
One  who  practices  pha  sic  ; 
a  doctor  of  medicine. 
Phys'ics,  n.  sing.   Srience  of 

nature  or  natural  objects. 
Phys^i-6g'nc-inist,  n.  One 

skilled  in  physiognomy. 
Phys'i-6g/no-my,  n.  The  art 
of  discerning  the  character 
of  the  m.ind  from  the  face. 
Phys^i-o-Idg'i-e,      )  a.  Per- 
PhyS''i-o-I6^'i-e-al,  j  taining 

to  physiology. 
Phys/i-61'o-gist,  n.  One  who 
is  versed  in  physiology. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  toD,  to^ok  ;  dm,  rjje,  pnll ;  9,     soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng  ;  laiis. 


PHYSIOLOGY 


Phys'i-ai'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  living  beings. 

Pi-a/no-f5rae,  n.  A  musical 
keyed  instrument.  [walk. 

Pi-az'za  (18),  n.    A  covered 

Pi'-ea,  n.  A  printing  type  of 
which"] 

there  are      piCa  and 
two  sizes,  y         11  • 
called  re-  I  SlTLail  piCa. 
spectively  J 

Pick,  V.  t.  To  choose  ;  to 
gather  ;  to  open.  —  n.  A 
sharp- pointed  tool. 

Pick'^x,  In.     An  ax  that 

Pick'axe,  1     has  a  point. 

Pick'ed,  a.    Pointed  ;  sharp. 

Pick'et,  n.  A  sharpened 
stake ;  a  guard  in  front  of  an 
army.  —  v.t.  To  fortify  with 
pickets ;  to  fasten  to  a  picket. 

Pick'le  (plk'l),  n.  Brine; 
thing  pickled,  —v.t.  To 
preserve  in  brine. 

Pick'p6ck-et,  n.  One  who 
steals  from  another's  pocket. 

Pi-e'ni-e.  n.  A  pleasure  party 
in  which  each  one  furnishes 
refreshment. 
Pi€-t5'ri-al.a.  Pertaining  to, 

or  illustrated  by,  pictures. 
Pi-et'ure,  n.  A  likeness  m 
colors ;  any  kind  of  drawing. 
—  v.  To  draw  or  paint  a 
resemblance  of ;  to  repre- 
sent. 

Pi-et'ur-esque',  a.   Fitted  to 

form  a  pleasing  picture. 
Pie,  n.      Paste  baked  with 
something  in  it,  or  under  it. 
Pie'hald,a.  Of  various  colors. 
PieQe,*  n.     A  part ;  a  patch  ; 
a  fragment.  —  v.   t.  To 
mend  by  the  addition  of  a 
piece  ;  to  patch. 
PieQe'meal,  a.  Single.— adu. 

In  or  by  pieces  or  parts. 
Pied  (pTd),  a.  Party-colored. 
Pier,  n.  Support  of  an  arch  ;  a 

mound ;  a  mole. 
Pier'-glass,  n.    A  glass  be- 
tween windows. 
Pierge,  v.  t.  To  penetrate. 
Pierg'ing,  a.  Keen  ;  sharp. 
Pi'e-ti§m,  n.  Strict  devotion. 
Pi'e-ty,  n.    Veneration  with 

love  of  God  ;  filial  duty. 
Pig,  n.  A  young  swine ;  mass 


196 

of  metal,  as  extracted  from 
the  ore.  —  t'.  i.    To  bring 
forth  pigs  ;  to  lie  together 
Uke  pigs. 
Pig'eon  (pij^un),  n.     A  bird 

of  several  species. 
Pig'eon-hole  (pij/un-),  n.  A 
little  compartment  for  pa- 
pers. 

Pig'ment,  n.  A  colored  sub- 
stance for  painting ;  paint. 
Pig'my,  n.  See'Pygmij. 
Pike,  n.  A  lance  ;  a  spear  ;  a 

kind  of  fresh-water  fish. 
Pik'ed,  a.  Ending  in  a  point. 
Pi-las'ter,    n.  A 

square  column. 
PiFchard,   n.  A 
fish  resembling 
the  herring. 

Pile,  n.    A  heap  ;  |!ig  

an  edifice  ;  a  piece 
of  timber   driven  Pilaster. 

To 


into  ground.  —  v.  t 
heap  ;  to  accumulate. 
Pile§,  n.pl.  A  disease. 
Pil'fer,  V.  t.    To  steal  in  a 

petty  way  ;  to  filch. 
Pil'grim,  n.    A  traveler  to 

holy  places  ;  a  wanderer. 
Pil'grim-age,  n.    A  journey 

to  a  place  deemed  sacred. 
Pill  (1),  w.     A  medicine  in 

form  of  a  small  ball. 
Pil'lage,  n.  That  which  is 
taken  by  open  force. —  Syn. 
Plunder;  spoil.— u.  t.  To 
plunder  ;  to  strip. 
Pil'lar,  n.  A  column ;  a  pier  ; 
a  prop. 

PilPion,  n.  A  cushion  at- 
tached to  the  hinder  part  of 
a  saddle  for  riding  on. 
Pil'lo-ry,  n.  A  frame  to  con- 
fine criminals  by  the  head 
and  hands. 
PiPlow,  n.  A  cushion  for  the 
head.  —  v.  t.  To  rest  on  a 
pillow. 

PiP16w-€ase,  n.      A  cloth 

cover  for  a  pillar. 
Pi'lot,  n.    One  who  steers  a 
ship;  a  guide. — v.  t.  To 
steer ;  to  guide. 
Pi'lot-age,  w.    The  pay  or 
ofTico  of  a  pilot.  [curer. 
Pimp,  n.    A  pander  ;  a  pro- 
Pim'per-nel,  n.  A  plant. 


PIPPIN 

Pim'ple,  n.    A  small  pointed 

elevation  on  the  skin. 
Pim'pled,  a.  Having  pimples 

on  the  skin. 
Pin,  n.  A  pointed  instrument 
for  fastening  clothes,  &c.  — 
v.t.  (1)  To  fasten  with  a  pin.  . 
Pm'a-foreS  n.     A  kind  of 

apron ;  a  tire. 
Pinch,  V.  t.    To  squeeze,  as 
with  the  ends  of  the  fingers. 
—  n.  A  squeezing  or  gripe. 
Pinch'beck,  n.     A  yellow 
mixture  of  copper  and  zinc. 
Pin'Qer§,    I  n.  pi.  A  tool  for 
Pinch'er§.  j     drawing  nails. 
Pin'€ush-ion,  n.     A  small 

cushion  for  pins. 
Pine,  n.    An  evergreen  tree 
or  its  wood.  —  v.  i.  To 
languish. 
Pine'-ap/ple,  n.      A  fruit 
which  resembles  the  cone  of 
a  pine-tree. 
Pin'-featii/er,  n.    A  small 

or  short  feather. 
Pin'fold,  n.  A  place  in  which 

to  confine  beasts. 
Pin'ion  (-yun),  n.   A  quill ;  a 
wing ;   tooth  of  a  wheel ; 
shackles. —r.        To  bind 
the  wings  or  arms  of. 
Pink,  n.    A  flower  ;  a  small 
,     eye ;  a  reddish  color.  —  v.  t. 
1     To  work  with  eyelet-holes. 
Pin'-mon/ey,  n.     A  wife's 
pocket-money.         [a  boat. 
Pin'naQe,  n.    A  small  vessel ; 
Pin'na-€le,  n.  A  turret ;  sum- 
mit ;  a  high  point.  [giUs. 
Pint,  n.     Half  a  quart ;  four 
Pin'tle,n.  A  little  pin  ;  along 
iron  bolt.  [pines. 
Pin'y,  a.     Abounding  with 
Pi/Q-neer',  n.  One  who  goes 
before  to  clear  the  way  ;  a 
first  settler.  [a  peony. 

Pi'o-ny ,  n.  A  perennial  plant ; 
j  Pi'oiis,  a.  Religious  ;  godly. 

Pip,  V.  To  chirp,  —n.  The 
j  seed  of  an  apple,  orange, 
I  &c. ;  a  disease  of  fowls. 
Pipe,  n.  A  tube,  especially 
I  one  for  smoking  ;  a  cask.  — 
!  o.  To  play  on  a  pipe, 
j  Pip'kin,  n.  A  small  earthen 
:  boiler.  [ple- 
i  Pip 'pin,  n.  A  species  of  ap- 


^,I,o,u,y,i<.ng,  iS,5,I,o,B,y,^Aor« ; care, car. aak, ftU, whjt ;  Sre, vfiil, Krm ; pVque. Hrm, 


PIQUANCY 


197 


PLASTICITY 


T»iq'uan-Qy  (-an-),  n.  Sharp- 
ness ;  severity. 

Piq'uant  (pilc'ant),  a.  Prick- 
ing ;  pungent ;  severe  ;  tart. 

Pique  (peek),  n.  A  feeling  of 
resentment.  —  Sy  n.  Spite  ; 
grudge. — v.t.  To  irritate  ; 
to  nottlo  ;  to  stimulate. 

Pi-qiist'  (-ket/),  n.  A  game  at 
cards. 

PI'ra-Qy,  n.  Robbery  on  the 
seas  •,  literary  theft. 

Pi'rate,  n.  One  who  robs 
on  the  seas.  — v.  t.  To  pub- 
lish without  permission,  as 
books  or  writings. 

Pi-rat'i€-al,  n.  Practicing 
robbery  on  the  sea. 

Pis^^a-to'ri-al,  I  a.  Relating 

Pis'-ca-to-ry,  j  to  fishing 
or  fishes.  [contempt. 

Pish,    interj.   expressive  of 

Pis 'mire,  n.  The  ant. 

Pis-ta'5hi5,  n.  Nut  of  a  kind 
of  turpentine-tree.  [coin, 

Pis'ta-reen',  n.  A  small  silver 

Pis'til,  n.  An  organ  in  a  flow- 
er, inclosing  the  seed. 

Pis'tol,  n.  The  smallest  of 
fire-arms. 

Pis-tole',  n.  A  gold  coin  of 
Spain,  worth  about  $3.60. 

Pis'ton,  n.  A  short  solid 
cylinder  fitted  to  a  hollow 
one  within  which  it  moves. 

Pit,  n.  A  deep  hole ;  the  stone 
of  certain  fruits.  — v.  t.  To 
sink  in  hollows. 

Pitch,  n.  A  black,  sticky  sub- 
stance obt;\ined  from  tar  ; 
point ;  descent  ;  degree  of 
elevation  of  the  voice,  of  an 
instrument,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To 
smear  with  pitch  ;  to  fix 
firmly  ;  to  toss  ;  to  set  the 
tone  of.  — V.  i.  To  rise  and 
fall,  as  a  ship  on  the  waves. 

Pitch'er,  n.  A  vessel  with  a 
spout.        [throw  hay,  &c. 

Pitch'fork,  n.      A  fork  to 

Pitch'-pipe,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  give  the  key-note. 

Pitch'y,  a.  Like  pitch  ; 
sticky ;  black  ;  dismal. 

Pit'e-ous,  a.  Capable  of  ex- 
citing pity ;  sorrowful. 

Pit'fall,  n.  A  pit  slightly 
covered,  as  a'  trap. 


Pith,  w.  The  soft  substance 
in  plants  ;  strength  or  force. 

Pith'y,a.  Consisting  of  pith  ; 
energetic  ;  forcible.  [pity. 

Pit'i-a-ble,   a.  Deserving 

Pit'i-ful  (13),  a.  Compassion- 
ate; base  ;  mean  ;  paltry. 

Pit'i-ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  pitiful 
manner ;  contemptibl3^ 

Pit'l-less,  a.  Void  of  pity. 

Pit'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
works  in  a  pit. 

Pit 'saw,  n.  A  large  saw  to  be 
used  by  two  men. 

Pit'tange,  n.  A  small  allow- 
ance ;   a  mere  trifle. 

Pi-tu'i-tous,   I  a.  Consisting 

Pi-tu'i-ta-ry, )    of  mucus. 

Pit'y,  n.  Sympathy  for  an- 
other's distresses.  —  Syn. 
Sympathy  ;  compassion.  — 
V.  t.  To  have  sympathy  for. 

Piv'ot,  n.  A  pin  on  which 
any  thing  turns. 

Pla/€a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Willing- 
ness to  forgive.  [give. 

Pla'€a-ble,  a.  Willing  to  for- 

Pla-€ard',  n.  A  printed  paper 
posted  in  a  public  place.  — 
V.  t.  To  notify  publicly. 

Plage,  n.  A  portion  of  space  ; 
locality  ;  rank  ;  office  ; 
room  ;  residence.  —  v.  t. 
To  fix  ;  to  locate  ;  to  settle. 

Plage'man  (21),  n.  One  hold- 
ing an  office  under  govern- 
ment. 

PlaQ'id,  a.  '  Pleased  ;  con- 
tented ;  calm  ;  quiet ;  mild. 

Pla-Qid'i-ty,  ^  n.  Calmness  ; 

Plag'id-ness,  j  mildness  ;  un- 
rufiied  state,  [theft ;  piracy. 

Pla'gia-ri§in,    n.  Literary 

Pla'gia-rist,  in.    One  who 

Pla'^ia-ry,  )  purloins  the 
writings  of  another. 

Pla'^ia-rize,  v.  t.  To  be 
guilty  of  literary  theft. 

Plague,  n.  A  contagious  dis- 
ease; vexation. — v.  t.  To 
trouble  ;  to  vex. 

Plagu'y  (plag/y),  a.  Vexa- 
tjous.  [flounder. 

Plaige,  n.  A  fish  allied  to  the 

Plaid,  n.    A  variegated  stuff. 

Plain,  a.  Flat ;  level ;  frank  ; 
clear  ;  evident  ;  homely.  — 
n.  A  level  ground. 


Plain'ly,  adv.  In  a  plain 
manner  ;  sincerely  ;  clearly. 

Plain'ness,  w.  State  of  being 
plain.  [entation. 

Plaint,  n.  A  complaint;  1am- 

Plaint'iff,  n.  One  who  com- 
mences a  lawsuit. 

Plaint'ive,  a.  Mournful. 

Plait,  n.    A  fold,  as  of  cloth. 

—  V.  t.  To  fold;  to  braid. 
P13,n,  n.    Any  thing  devised ; 

a  scheme  ;  model.  —  v.  t. 
(7)  To  scheme  ;  to  contrive 
in  thought ;  to  devise. 

Plane,  n.  A  level  surface  ;  a 
joiner's  tool.  —  v.  t.  To 
smooth  with  a  plane. 

Plan'et,  n.  A  celestial  body 
revolving  about  another. 

Plan'et-a-ry,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  of,  planets. 

Plane'-tree,  7i.  An  oriental 
tree ;  also,  a  North  Ameri- 
can tree,  often  called  i'wi/on- 
wnod.  [smooth. 

Plan'ish,  v.   t.     To  make 

Plank,  n.  A  piece  of  sawed 
timber  thicker  than  a  board. 

—  V.  t.  To  cover  with  planks. 
Plant,  n.    An  organic  body 

without  sensation  or  volun- 
tary motion  ;  any  vegetable 
production.  —  v.  t.  To  set 
in  the  earth  ;  to  settle. 

Plant'ain,  n.  A  West  India 
tree  and  its  fruit ;  an  herb. 

Plan-ta'tion,  n.  A  place 
planted  with  trees  ;  a  colony 
a  largvi  cultivated  estate. 

Plant 'er,  n.  The  owner  of  a 
plantation. 

Plan'ti-grade,  n.  An  animal 
that  walks  on  the  sole  of 
the  foot,  as  the  bear. 

Plash,  n.   A  puddle  of  water. 

—  V.  t.  To  dash,  as  water  ; 
to  splash. 

Plas'ter,  n.  A  composition  of 
lime,  sand,  and  water  ;  an 
adhesive  salve. — v.  t.  (8) 
To  cover  with  plaster. 

Plas'ter-ing,  n.  A  covering 
of  plaster ;  plaster-work. 

Plas'ti-e,  a.  Giving  form  ;  ca- 
pable of  being  formed,  mold- 
ed, or  modeled. 

Pl^s-tiQ'i-ty,w.  Quahty  of  be- 
ing plastic. 


i6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  tcTo,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rjje,  pi^ill ;  p,     soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


PLAT 

Plat,  V.  t.    To  interweave.  —  ' 

n.  A  level  piece  of  ground. 
Plate,  n.  A  flat  piece  of  metal ; 
wrought  silver  ;  a  shallow 
vessel ;  a  casting  from  type. 
—  V.  t.  To  coat  with  metal. 
Plat'ed,  p.  a.    Overlaid  with 

another  metal,_esp.  silver. 
Pla-teau'  (pla-to^,  18),  n.  A 
flat,  broad,  and  elevated 
area  of  land.      [fill  a  plate. 
Plate'ful  (26),  n.    Enough  to 
Plat'eri,  n.  The  flat  part  of  a 

printing-press. 
Plat'form,  n.  Floor  of  boards 
or  planks  ;  a  terrace  ;  a  dec- 
laration of  principles. 
Plat'i-num,  or  Pla-ti'num, 
n.    A  very  heavy  metal  re- 
sembling silver. 
Plat'i-tiide,  n.   Insipidity  ;  a 

weak  or  empty  remark. 
Pla-t6n'i€,  a.     Relating  to 
Plato ;  intellectually  refined. 
Pla'to-nism,  n.    The  philos- 
ophy of^Plato.  [Plato. 
Pla'to-nist,  n.  A  follower  of 
Pla-tobn',  n.    Half  of  a  com- 
pany of  soldiers,  [dish. 
Plat'ter,  n.    A  broad  shallow 
Plau'dit,  n.    Expression  of 
applause  ;  praise  bestowed. 
Plau/§i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Specious- 

riess  ;  appearance  of  right. 
Plau'§i-ble,  a.  Superficially 
pleasing;  apparently  right. 
—  Syn,  Specious.  [show. 
Plau'si-bly,  adv.   With  fair 
Play,"v.  i.    To  sport ;  to  con- 
tend in  a  game  ;  to  act.  — 
V.  t.    To  put  in  action  ;  to 
perform.— w.    Sport;  rec- 
reation ;  game  ;  a  drama. 
Play '-bill,  n.  Advertisement 

of  a  play. 
Play'er,  n.    One  who  plays. 
Play'fel-low,  n.  A  companion 

in  play. 
Play'ful,  a.  Given  to,  or  full 

of,  play  ;  sportive. 
Play'-house,  n.  A  theater. 
Play'mate,  n.  A  playfellow. 
Play'thing,  n.  A  toy. 
Plea  (18),  n.     What  is  ad- 
vanced   in  support    of  a 
cause ;  an  excuse. 
Plead,  V,  i.  To  urge ;  to  sup- 
plicate earnestly ;  to  argue. 


198 

Plead'lng,  n.  Allegation. 
Pleas'ant,  a.    Giving  pleas- 
ure^; pleasing;  gratifying; 
delightful ;  gay. 
Plea§'ant-ry,  ?».  Cheerful- 
ness ;  sprightly  talk  ;  liveli- 
ness ;  gayety  ;  merriment. 
Please,  v.  t.    To  give  pleas- 
ure*; to  make  glad. — v.  i. 
To  choose  ;  to  like. 
Pleas'ing,  a.  Giving  pleasure. 
Pleas'ur-a-ble(plezh/ur-),  a. 

Giving  pleasure ;  pleasing. 
Pleas'ure  (plezh'ur),*!.  Grat- 
ification; delight. 
Ple-be'ian  (-b^'yan),  a.  Yul- 
gar ;  common.  —  n.  One  of 
the  common  people. 
Pledge,  n.    A  pawn;  deposit 
given  as  a  security.  —  v.  t. 
To  give  as  security.  [lint. 
Pledg'et,  n.   A  small  tent  of 
Pie'ia-de§  (-ya-),  I  n.  pi.  A 
Ple'iadg  (-yadz),  j  cluster  of 
seven  stars  in  the  constella- 
tion Taurus. 
Ple'na-ry,  a.  Full ;  complete. 
Ple-nip'o-tenge,  n.  I'ullness 
of  power.  [power. 
Ple-nip'o-tent,  a.     Of  full 
Plen/i-po-ten'ti-a-ry  (-shi- 
a-),  n.  One  having  full  pow- 
er to  transact  any  business ; 
an  envoy. 
PlSn'i-tude,  n.  Fullness. 
Plen'te-ous,  a.  Abundant. 
Plen'ti-ful,  «•  Affording  am- 
ple supply ;  copious. 
Plen'ty,  n.  Adequate  supply  ; 

abundance.  [of  words. 

Ple'o-nasm,  n.  Redundancy 
Ple/o-nas'ti€,  a.  Redundant. 
Pleth'o-ra,  n.     Fullness  or 
excess  of  blood  ;  repletion  ; 
over  fullness  of  any  kind. 
Ple-th6r'i€,  or  Pleth'o-ric, 
a.    Having  a  full  habit  of 
body ;  evincing  plethora. 
Pleu'ra,  n.    Membrane  that 
covers  the  inside  of  the  tho- 
rax, and  invests  the  lungs. 
Pleu'ri-sy,  n.  Inflammation 

of  the  pleura. 
Pleu'ro-pneii-in5'ni-a  (-nil-) 
n.  Inflammatory  disease  of 
the  pleura  and  lungs. 
Plex'i-form,  a.     Like  net- 
work ;  complicated. 


PLUME 

PlFa-bil'i-ty,  n.  The  quality 

of  yielding ;  flexibleness. 
Pli'a-ble,  a.    Easily  yielding 

to  pressure ;  flexible. 
Pii'an-Qy,  n.    Easiness  to  be 
bent ;  flexibility.  [bent. 
Pli'ant,  a.    Flexible  ;  easily 
Pii'ers,  n.  pi.  An  instrument 

to  bend  small  things. 
Plight  (plTt),  f.  t.  To  pledge, 
as  the  hand,  faith,  or  hon- 
or. —  n.   Pledge ;  security ; 
gage  ;  condition  ;  state. 
Plinth,  n.    The  square  mem- 
ber at  the  base  of  a  column. 
Plod,  V.  i.    To  travel  steadily 
and  laboriously  ;  to  drudge. 
P16t,  n.  A  stratagem  ;  a  con- 
spiracy ;  a  scheme ;  a  plot. 
—  V.  t.  To  plan  ;  to  project. 
Plot'ter,  n.  One  who  plots  ;  a 
schemer.        [aquatic  bird. 
Plov'er  (pluv'er),  r».  An 
Plow,     i  n.    An  instrument 
Plough,  )    to  turn  and  break 
the  soil.  — r.  t.    To  trench 
and  turn  up,  as  the  ground. 
Plowman     I  (21),  n.  One 
Plough'man  I    who  plows, 

or  holds  a  plow. 
Plowshare,     \n.  The  iron 
Plough'share, )    of  a  plow. 
Pluck,-  V.  t.     To  pull  with 
suddien  force ;  to  snatch.  — 
n.     The  heart,  liver,  and 
lights  of  an  animal ;  spirit ; 
courage  ;  perseverance. 
Pliig,  n.    Stopper  of  a  hole 
in  a  vessel  or  cask.  — v.  t. 
To  stop  with  a  plug. 
Plum,  n.  A  tree  and  its  fruit ; 

£100,000.  [of  a  bird. 

Plu'mage  (11),  n.  Feathers 
Plumb  (pltim),  n.    A  leaden 
weight  on  a  line.  —  a.  Per- 
pendicular.—f.  Toad- 
just  by  a  plumb  line. 
Plum-ba'go,  n.    A  mineral 
consisting  of  carbon  ;  black 
lead.      [who  works  in  lead. 
Pliimb'er  (plumper),  n.  Ono 
Plumb'-lme  (plum'-),  n.  A 
line  pt^rpendicular  to  the 
horizon  :  a  plummet. 
Pliim'-€ake,  n.    Cake  con. 

taiiiing  raisins,  &c. 
Plume,  n.    A  feather;  token 
of  honor;  pride. —  r.  t.  To 


a.5.L6,u.y,Zon^/5,    t ,  6,        short;  ci^ar.  &Bk,  all.wh^jJTire,  veil,  term ;  pTque,  ilrm 


PLUMMET 


199 


POLL 


adjust  the  feathers  of;  to 
pride ;  to  value. 

Plum'met,  n.  A  piece  of  lead 
attached  to  a  hue  for  sound- 
ing the  depth  of  water,  &c. 

Piump,  a.  Fat ;  sleek  ;  full ; 
round. — v.  t.  To  ffitten  ; 
to  swell.  — adv.  At  once,  or 
witli  a  sudden  fall. 

Plump'ly,  adv.  Fully  ;  with- 
out reserve. 

Plump'ness,  n.  Fatness  ;  full- 
ness of  skin ;  distention. 

Plum'-pud/ding,  n.  A  pud- 
ding with  raisins  or  cur- 
rants in  it. 

Plun'der,  v.  t.  To  take  by 
pillage  or  open  force.  —  Syn. 
To  pillage  ;  sack  ;  rifle.  — n. 
Splil  taken  by  open  force. 

Plunge,  V.  t.  To  put  sud- 
denly into  water;  to  im- 
merse in  a  fluid.  — v.  i.  To 
dive.  —  n.  Act  of  plunging. 

Plu'ral,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 
expressing,  more  than  one. 

Plu'ral-iSt,  n.  A  clergyman 
who  holds  several  benefices. 

Plu-rai'i-ty,  n.  A  number 
greater  than  any  other,  but 
less  than  half  the  aggre- 
gate. 

Plu'ral-ly,  adv.  In  a  sense 
that  implies  more  than  one. 

Plus,  this  sign  4-,  noting  ad- 
dition. 

Plush,  n.    A  shaggy  cloth. 

Plu'vi-al,  «.    Rainy  ;  wet. 

Ply,  V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  and  p.  p. 
PLIED  ]  To  work  at  closely. 

Pneu-mat'i€  (nu-),  a.  Con- 
sisting of  air. 

Pneu-in3,t'i€S  (nu-),  n.  sing. 
Science  that  treats  of  the 
mechanical  properties  of  air 
and  other  elastic  fluids. 

Pneu'ma-t61'o-gy  (nu'-),  w. 
The  doctrine  of,  or  a  treatise 
on,  spiritual  existences. 

Pneu-mo'ni-a  (nu-),  ?i.  In- 
flammation of  the  lungs. 

Pneu-m6n'i€  (nu-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  lungs. 

Pneu^mo-m'tis  (nu/-),  n.  In- 
flammation of  the  lungs. 

Poach,  V.  t.  To  boil  slightly  ; 
to  steal,  as  game.  — v.  i.  To 
steal  or  pocket  game. 


Poach'er,  n.  One  who  poach- 
es ;  a  stealer  of  game. 

Pock  (5),  n.  A  pustule  on 
the  skin  in  small  pox,  &c. 

Pock'et,  n.  A  small  bag  or 
pouch.  —  V.  t.  To  put  in 
the  pocket. 

Pock'et-bobk,  n.  A  book  to 
be  carried  in  the  pocket. 

Pock'y,  a.  Full  of  pocks  or 
pustules. 

P6d,  n.    Capsule  ;  seed-case. 

—  V.  i.    To  grow,  as  pods. 
Po'em,  n.    A  composition  in 

verse.  [ems. 

Po'e-sy,  n.  Art  of  writing  po- 

Po'et,  n.  One  who  writes  po- 
etry ;  a  bard. 

Po'et-as^er,  n.  A  pitiful 
versifier ;  a  rhymester. 

P5'ct-ess,  n.    A  female  poet. 

Po-et'i€,      I  a.  Pertaining 

Po-et'i€-al,  j     to  poetry. 

Po'et  Lau're-ate.  A  poet 
whose  office  is  to  compose 
poems  for  the  birthdays  of 
a  prince,  or  other  special  oc- 
casions. 

P5'et-ry,  n.  Imaginative  com- 
position, usually  in  verse. 

Poh,  interj.  An  exclamation 
of  contempt  or  disgust. 

Poign'an-Qy  (poin^-),  n. 
Sharpness  ;  point. 

Poign'ant  (poin^-),  a.  Sharp  ; 
satirical ;  severe  ;  painful. 

Point,  n.  A  sharp  end ;  a  stop ; 
a  cape  ;  object ;  end ;  aim.  — 
V.  t.  To  sharpen  ;  to  aim  ; 
to  divide  by  stops.  —  v.  i. 
To  direct  the  finger  toward 
an  object ;  to  aim. 

Point'-blank,  adv.  Directly. 

Point'ed,  a.  Keen  ;  satirical. 

Point'er,  n.  An  index  ;  a 
variety  of  dog.  [point. 

Point'less,  a.     Having  no 

Poise,  n.    Weight;  balance. 

—  V.  t.  To  balance  for 
weighing. 

Poi'son  ( poi'zn),  n.  Any  thing 
infectious  or  malignant.  — 
Syn.    Venom. — v.  t.  To 
infect  with  poison. 
Poi'son-ous,  a.    Having  the 
qualities  of  poison. 
I  Poke,  n.    A  pocket ;  a  sack  ; 
I     a  push  ;  a  machine  to  check 


unruly  beasts  from  leaping 
fences.  —  v.  t.  To  put  a 
y)oke  on  ;  to  thrust  against. 

Pok'er,  n.  An  iron  bar  for 
stirring  a  fire. 

Po'lar,  n.  Pertaining  to  the 
poles.  [the  pole. 

Po-l^r'i-ty,  n.    Tendency  to 

Po'lar-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
polarizing ;  polarity. 

P5'lar-ize,  v.  t.  To  commu- 
nicate polarity  to. 

Pole,  n.  Extremity  of  an 
axis  ;  the  sky  ;  a  long, 
slender  piece  of  wood ;  a  rod 
or  perch.  — v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  poles ;  to  convey  on 
poles  ;  to  push  with  poles. 

Pole'-d,x,  In.      A  hatchet 

Pole'-axe, )  fixed  on  a  pole. 

Pole'cat,  n.  An  ill-smelling 
animal  allied  to  the  weasel. 

Po-lem.'i€,  n.    A  disputant. 

Po-lem'i€,     )  a.  Controver- 

Po-lein'i€-aI,  j  sial. 

Pole'-star,n.  A  star  vertical 
to  the  i>ole  of  the  earth. 

Po-lige'  (-leess/),  w.  Civil  offi- 
cers of  a  city  organized  to 
preserve  good  order. 

P61'i-Qy,  n.  Art  or  system  of 
government  ;  prudence  ; 
contract  of  insurance. 

P61'ish,  V.  t.  To  make 
smooth  ;  to  refine  in  man- 
ners. —  n.  Artificial  gloss  ; 
elegance  of  manners. 

Po-lite',a.  Polished ;  refined. 

Po-lite'ness,  n.  Good  breed- 
ing ;  courtesy. 

Pol'i-ti-e,  a.  Wise ;  prudent. 

Po-lit'i€-al,  a.  Relating  to 
politics  ;  public. 

Po-lit'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  With 
reference  to  a  state  or  to 
poh  tics. 

PoPi-ti'cian  (-tlsh/an),  n. 
One  versed  in  politics. 

P61'i-ti€S,  «.  sing.  The  sci- 
ence of  government. 

P61'i-ty,  n.  Civil  constitu- 
tion ;  fox-m  of  government. 

Pol'ka,  n.    A  kind  of  dance. 

Poll,  n.  The  head ;  a  regis- 
ter of  persons  ;  election.  — • 
V.  t.  To  lop  the  tops  of,  as 
trees ;  to  clip  ;  to  register,  as 
the  names  of  voters. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  ttTo,  took ;  flrn,  ryo,  p^ill ;  f,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard;  as  ;  epst ;  o  as  ng  ;  thi* 


POLLARD 


200 


PORT 


P61'lard,  n.  A  tree  lopped. 

Pdl'len,  n.  The  fecundating 
dust  of  plants.      [cod  kind. 

POi'iock,  n.     A  fish  of  the 

Poll'-taX,  n.  A  tax  levied  by 
the  poll  or  head. 

Pol-lute',  V.  t.  To  make  foul 
or  unclean.  —  Syn.  To  de- 
file ;  contaminate  ;  corrupt. 

Pol-lu'tion,  n.  Defilement. 

Pol-trdbn',  n.  An  arrant 
coward ;  a  dastard. 

Pol-trdbn'er-y,  n.  Cowardice. 

PoPy-an'thus,  n.  An  orna- 
mental plant. 

Po-lyg'a-mist,  n.  One  who 
advocates  polygamy. 

Po-lyg'a-iny,n.  Plurality  of 
wives  at  the  same  time. 

P61'y-gI6t,  n.  A  book  con- 
taining many  languages.  — 
a.  Pertaining  to,  or  con 
taining,  several  languages. 

P61'y-g6n,  n.  A  figure  of 
many  angles  and  sides. 

COO 

Polygons. 

Po-lJ'g'o-nal,  a.  Having 
many  angles. 

P61'y-graph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  multiply  copies  of 
a  writing  with  expedition. 

P6Py-he'dron,  n.  A  body 
having  many  sides. 

PdPy-no'mi-al,  a.  Contain- 
ing many  terms. 

PdPyp,  n.  An  aquatic  ani- 
mal of  the  radiate  kind. 

P61'y-pus,  n.  Something  that 
has  many  feet  or  roots ;  a 
tumor. 

P6Fy-S€6pe,n.  A  glass  that 
makes  a  single  object  appear 
as  many. 

P6Vy-syl-iab'i€,     \  a.  Hav- 

P6Py-syl-13.b'i€-al,  j  ing 
many  syllables. 

P6Py-syl'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
of  more  syllables  than  three. 

P6Vy-te€h'ni€  (-tek'nik),  a. 
(Comprehending  many  arts. 

PSPy-the'ism,  n.  The  doc- 
trine of  a'plurality  of  gods. 

P61'y-the''ist,  n.  One  who  be- 
lieves in  a  plurality  of  gods. 


P6I/y-the-ist'i-e,  a.  Pertain- 
ing tt)  polytheism. 
Pom'aQe,  n.  Substance  of 
apples  crushed.  [meut. 
Po-made',  n.  Perfumed  oint- 
Po-ma'tum,  n.    An  unguent 

for  the  hair. 
Pome-gran'ate,  n.    A  tree 

and  its  fruit. 
Pom'mel  (piim/-),w.  A  knob 
or  ball ;  a  protuberance.  — 
V.  t.  (8)  To  beat ;  to  thump. 
Pom-mel'ion  (-meel^yun),  n. 

The  knob  of  a  cannon. 
Po-m61'o-gist,  n.   One  inter- 
ested in  pomology. 
Po-mol'o-gy,  n.    The  art  of 
raising  fruit.  [rade. 
Pomp,  n.    Ostentation  ;  pa- 
Pom-p6s'i-ty,  n.  Ostenta- 
tion ;  exterior  show  ;  parade. 
PSmp'ous,  a.     Showy  with 

grandeur ;  ostentatious. 
P6nd,  n.    A  body  of  fresh 

standing  water. 
PSn'der,  v.  t.  To  think  upon 
deliberately.  —  Syn.  To 
consider;  muse;  weigh. 
P6n'der-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  weighed.  [gravity. 
P6n/der-6s'i-t3'-,  n.  Weight ; 
P6n'der-ous,a.  Heavy  ;  mas- 
sy, [of  India  silk. 
Pon-gee',  n.  An  inferior  kind 
Pdn'iard  (-yard),  n.    A  small 

dagger.  —  v.  i.    To  stab. 
P6n'tiff ,  n.    A   high  priest  ; 

the  pope. 
Pon-tif  i€     )  (9),  a.  Belong- 
Pon-tif'i-e-al  j    ing  to  a  high- 
priest,  or  to  the  pope. 
Pon-tif  i-e-al,  n.    A  book  of 
rites  and  forms  ;  (pi.)  the  full 
dress  of  a  pontiff  or  bishop. 
Pon-tif'i€-ate  (9),  w.  Office  or 

reign  of  a  pontiff. 
Pon-tobn',  n.  A  boat  used  by 

armies  for  making  bridges. 
Pq^ny  (19),  n.  A  small  horse. 
Poo'dle,  n.    A  lap-dog. 
Pool,  n.    A  small  pond. 
Poop,  n.    A  deck  above  the 
after-part  of  the  spar-deck. 
Poor,  a.    Needy;  indigent; 
necessitous  ;  lean  ;  meager ; 
mean  ;  unfertile. 
Pdbr'ly,  a.    Somewhat  ill.  — 
adv.  Without  wealth  ;  with 


poor  success  ;  meanly ;  with 
out  spirit. 

Pop,  n.  A  small ,  smart,  quick 
sound.  —  V.  i.  or  t.  To  dart 
suddenly  ;  to  offer  suddenly. 

Pope,  n.  The  head  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  church. 

Pope'dom,  n.  The  dignity 
or  jurisdiction  of  the  pope. 

Pop'er-y,  n.  The  lionian 
Catholic  religion. 

Pdp'giin,  n.  A  child's  air- 
gun  for  shooting  pellets. 

P6p'in-jay ,  n.  A  parrot :  a  fop. 

Pop'lar,  n.    A  genus  of  trees. 

Pop'lin,  n.  A  stuff  of  silk  or 
worsted  of  many  varieties. 

Pop'ish,  a.  Relating  to  the 
pope  ;  papal. 

Pop'py  (l^*^)}  ^  soporific 
plant.  [people. 

Pop'u-lage,  w.    The  common 

Pop'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  pleasing  to,  the  people ; 
prevailing ;  familiar,  [favor. 

Pop^u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Public 

Pop'u-late,  V.  t.  To  furnish 
with  inhabitants  ;  to  people. 

Pop^u-la'tion,  n.  The  whole 
people,  as  of  a  country. 

Pop'u-lous,  a.  Full  of  people. 

Por'ge-lain,  n.  A  fine  translu- 
cent species  of  earthen  ware. 

Porch,  n.  An  entrance  to  a 
building ;  portico,  [swine. 

Por'gine,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Por'-cu-plne,  n.  A  quadru- 
ped armed  with  prickles. 

Pore,  n.  An  orifice  in  the  skin. 
—  V.  i.    To  look  steadily. 

Pork,  n.    The  flesh  of  swine. 

Pdrk'er,  n.    A  young  hog. 

Po-r6s'i-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  having  pores. 

P5'roiis,  rt.    Having  pores. 

P6r'phy-ry,  n.  A  hard  mot- 
tled kind  of  stone. 

Por'poise  (-pus),  n.  A  fish 
of  the  whale  kind. 

PSr'ridge,  n.  A  mixture  of 
meal  or  flour  and  water 
boiled  ;  vegetables  boiled  in 
water,  with  or  without  meat. 

P6r'rin-ger,  n.  A  small  metnl 
vessel  for  warming  liquids 
in. 

Port,  n.  A  harbor  ;  a  gate ; 
carriage  ;  a  wine. 


a,  6,  T,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  S, 6, 1, 6,  tt,  ^ ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  allf  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  pique,  firm  ,• 


PORTABLE 


201 


POTTLE 


Port'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be-  I 

ing  carried. 
Port'age,  n.    Price  of  car-  , 
riage  ;  a  carrying  place.  I 
Port'al,  n.  An  imposing  gate 

or  entrance. 
Pdrt-€ui'lis,  n.  A  frame-work 
of  crossed  timbers  for  ob- 
structing a  passage. 
P5rte,H.  The  Ottoman  court. 
Porte'-mon-naie'  (-mun- 
naO,  n.  A  small  pocket-book 
or  wallet  for  carrying  money. 
Por-tend',t'.  ^  To  foretoken. 

to  foreshow  ;  to  pressage. 
Por-tent',  n.  An  omen  of  ill. 
Por-tent'ous,  a.  Foreshadow- 
ing ill ;  ominous. 
Por'ter,  w.    A  door-keeper  ; 
a  carrier ;  a  kind  of  strong 
beer,  or  malt  liquor. 
Port-fol'io  (-VoMyo  or -fo^li-oj, 
n.  0^;.Port-f51'io§,  -foFyoz 
or  -to/li-oz,  180    A  portable 
case  for  papers. 
Port'-hole,  n.    An  opening 

in  a  ship's  side  for  cannon. 
Pdr^tl-co,  n.  {pi.  P6r'ti-€6§, 
18.)    A  covered  space  with 
columns  at  the  entrance  of  a 
building. 
Por'tion,  v.  t.    To  divide  ;  to 
allot ;  to  endow.  —  n.  Part 
assigned  ;  allotment  ;  share 
of  an  estate;  a  wife's  fortune. 
Port'li-ness,  n.    Dignity  of 
mien  ;  largeness  of  person. 
Port'ly,  a.  Large  and  full ;  of 

noble  appearance. 
Port-man'teau  (-mSn-'to),  n. 

A  bag  to  carry  clothes  in. 
Portrait,       \n.  A  picture 
Por'trait-iire, )    from  life. 
Por-tray',  v.  t.    To  pnint  the 

likeness  of ;  to  describe. 
P6r-tray'al,  n.    The  act  or 

art  of  portraying. 
Pose,  V.  t.    To  puzzle. 
Pog'er,  n.    One  who  poses ; 

that  which  puzzles. 
Po-si'tion  (-zish'un),  n.  Situ- 
ation ;    station  ;    posture  ; 
principle  laid  down. 
Pos'i-tive,  a.    Certain ;  real ; 

absolute ;  confident. 
Pos'i-tive-ly,  adv.  Absolute- 
ly ;  really  ;  confidently. 
Pos-sess'  (pos-s^s'or  poz-zes' ), 


V.  t.   To  have  or  hold  as 
one's  own  ;  to  own. 
Pos-ses'sion    (-sesh^un  or 
-zesh'un),n.    The  state  of 
owning ;  the  thing  owned. 
Pos-sess'ive  (-ses'siv  or-zes^- 
siv),a.  Denoting  possession,  i 
Pos-sess'or  (-ses^sor  or  -zes'-  i 
sor),  n.    One  who  holds  or  I 
occupies.  1 
Pds'set,  n.  Milk  curdled  with  i 

wine  or  other  liquor. 
P6s'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  The  power  I 
of  being  or  doing ;    that  , 
which  is  possible.  | 
P6s'si-ble,a.  Capable  of  being 
or  of  being  done.  j 
Pos'si-biy,  adv.  By  any  power 

really  existing. 
Post,  n.  A  messenger  ;  office ; 
place  ;  a  piece  of  timber.  — 
V.  t.  —  To  station  ;  to  put  in 
the  mail. — v.  i.  To  carry 
to  a  ledger. 
Post'age,  n.  Money  paid  for 

conveyance  of  letters. 
Post'alJ  a.   Belonging  to  the 

post-oflRce  or  mail  service. 
Post'-Qhai§e,  n.  A  traveling 

carriage. 
Post'-date,  v.  t.     To  date 

after  the  true  time. 
Pos-te'ri-or,  a.  Later  in  tim.e 

or  order ;  subsequent. 
Pos-te'ri-ors,  n.  pi.  The 

hinder  parts  of  an  animal. 
Pos-ter'i-ty,n.  Descendants. 
Post'ern,  n.     A  small  back 

gate,  or  private  entrance. 
Post'fix,  n.    A  letter  or  syl- 
lable added. 
Pcst-fix',  f.  t.    To  annex  at 
the  end.  [possible. 
Post'-haste,  adv.   As  fast  as 
P6st'hu-mous,  a.  Born,  pub- 
lished, or  continuing,  after 
one's  decease. 
Pos-til'ion  (-yun),  n.  [Writ- 
ten   al~o   postillion.]  One 
who  rides  and  guides  a  horse 
in  a  coach  or  post-chaise. 
Post'man  (21),  w.    A  letter- 
carrier. 

Postmark,  n.    Stamp  of  a 
I     post-office  on  a  letter,  &c. 
;  Post'mas-ter,  n.    One  who 
I     superintends  a  post-oflfice. 
P6st'-6f'fige,  n.      A  place 


where  mail  letters  are  re- 
ceived and  delivered. 
Post-paid,  a.     Having  the 

postage  paid  in  advance. 
Post-pone',  V.  t.  To  put  off; 

to  delay  ;  to  defer. 
Post-pone'ment,  n.    A  put- 
ting otF. 
P5st'S€ript,  n.  Something 

added  to  a  writing. 
Post'u-late,  n.  Any  thing  as- 
sumed without  proof  —  v.  t. 
To  take  for  granted. 
Post^u-la'tion,  n.     An  as- 

sumption  without  proof. 
P6st'ure,  n.  Attitude;  posi- 
tion ;  situation. 
P6'§y  (19),  n.  A  motto  on  a 

ring ;  a  nosegay. 
Pot,  n.  A  large  deep  vessel  for 
various  uses.  —  v.  t.  To 
preserve  in  pots. 
Po'ta-ble,  a.  k\t  to  be  drunk. 
Pot'ash,  n.    An  alkaline  salt 

from  the  ashes  of  plants. 
Po-ta'tioii,  n.    A  drinking; 

an  excessive  draught. 
Po-ta'to  (18),  n.     A  well- 
known  esculent  root. 
P5'ten-c;y,  n.  Relative  power, 

strength,  or  efficacy. 
Po'tent,  a.     Having  great 
power  or  authority.  —  Syn. 
Mighty  ;  puissant ;  forcible  ; 
powc  ful  ;  strong  :  efficient. 
Po'tent-ate,  n.   A  monarch. 
Po-ten'tial,  a.    Existing  in 

possibility,  not  in  act. 
Po-ten'tial-ly,  adv.  In  possi- 
bility. 

P6'tent-Iy,  adv.  Powerfully. 
Pot'-hang'er,  n.    A  hook  to 

hang  pots  on  over  the  fire. 
Poth'er ,  n .  Confusion  ;  bustle. 
Pot'-house,  n.  An  ale-house. 
Po'tion,  n.     A  draught  ;  a 

liquid  medicine. 
Pot'sherd,  n.    A  piece  of  a 

broken  pot. 
Pot'tage,  n.    Meat  and  vege- 
tables boiled   together  till 
soft ;  a  thick  soup. 
Pot'ter,  w.    One  who  makes 

enrthen  vessels. 
P6t'ter-y.  n.  Wares  of  a  pot- 
ter, or  place  where  they  are 
made. 

P6t'tle,  n.    A  measure  of  two 


eOn,  6r,dQ,  wglf,  too,  took;  Qrn,  rije,  pi.ill;  9,  ^\  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;      ;  exist;  q  as  ng;  this. 


POUCH 


202 


PRECIPITOUSLY 


quarts  ;  a  small  basket  for 

holding  fruit. 
Pouch,  n.     A  small  bag;  a 

pocket ;  a  purse.  —  v.  t.  To 

pocket ;  to  save. 
PouPter-er,  n.      One  who 

trades  iti  poultry. 
Poul'tige  (18),  71.  A  soothing 

application  for  sores.  — v.  t. 

To  apply  a  poultice  to. 
Poul'try,  n.  Domestic  fowls. 
Pounge,  n.    The  claw  of  a 

bird  ;  a  fine  kind  of  powder. 

—  V.  t.  To  sprinkle  with 
pounce  ;  to  fall  and  seize. 

Pound,  n.  Weiglit  of  16 
ounces  avoirdupois,  or  12  of 
troy  ;  a  pinfold  ;  20  shillings. 

—  V.  t.  To  beat ;  to  pulver- 
ize ;  to  confine  in  a  pen. 

Pound'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
tii;it  which,  pounds  ;  a  thing 
denominated  from  a  certain 
number  of  pounds. 

Pour,  V.  t.  To  throw  out  in 
a  continuous  stream.  —  v.  i. 
To  issue  ;  to  flow. 

Pout,  n.  A  sullen  look  ;  a  fish. 

—  V.  i.  To  push  out  the  lips 
in  sullenness. 

P6v'er-ty,n,  ^V■ant  of  riches  ; 

indigence ;  penury. 
Pow'der,  n.    A  fine  dust  ; 

composition  for  firing  guns. 

—  V.  t.  To  sprinkle  with 
powder  ;  to  reduce  to  dast. 

Pow'der-y,  a.  Easily  crumb- 
ling; dasty. 

Pow'er,  n.  Faculty  of  doing  ; 
force  ;  strength  ;  influence  ; 
a  state  ;  legal  authority. 

Pow'er-ful,  a.  Having  pow- 
er  ;  strong.         [er  ;  weak. 

Pow'er-less,  a.  Without  pow- 

Pow'er-ldbm,  n.  A  loom 
worked  by  some  mechanical 
power. 

P6x,  n.  An  eruptive  disease. 

Pra€'ti-ca-bn'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  practicable. 

Pra€'ti-€a-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  done. —  Syn.  Possible. 

Pra,€'tl-eal,  a.  Relating  to 
practice ;  capable  of  being 
turned  to  use. 

Prae'ti-eal-ly,  adv.  By  use. 

Pra€'tiQe,n.  Customary  use ; 
habit;  performance.  —  v.  t. 


(27)  To  do  frequently  or 
habitually. 

Pra-e-ti'tion-er  (-tlslVun-), 
n.  One  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  a  profession. 

Prag-mat'i€,      I  a.  Very 

Prag-mat'i-c-al,  j  forward  in 
acting ;  officious. 

Prai'rie,  n.  An  extensive 
tract  of  level  grass  land  des- 
titute of  trees. 

Praige,  n.  Commendation  ; 
object  or  ground  of  praise.  — 
V.  t.  To  commend ;  to  ex- 
tol ;  to  applaud. 

Praige'wor-thy  (-wGr-),  a. 
Commendable ;  laudable. 

Prange,  v.  i.  To  spring  ;  to 
leap ;  to  bound. 

Prank,  To  adorn. — n. 

A  frolic  ;  a  trick. 

Prate,  v.  i.  To  talk  much 
and  foolishly.  —  n.  Idle 
talk ;  unmeaning  loquacity. 

Prat'tle,  n.  Childish  or  idle 
talk. — v.i.  To  talk  much 
and  idly. 

Prat'tler,  n.  One  who  prat- 
tles, [ceous  fish. 

Prawn,  n.    A  small  crusta- 

Pray,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  ask  with 
earnestness ;  to  supplicate. 

Pray'er,  n.   One  who  prays. 

Prayer  (prar),  n.  A  petition  ; 
a  supplication. 

Prayer '-bobk  (prar/-),  n.  A 
book  containing  forms  of 
prayers. 

Prayer'ful  (prar^-),  a.  Given 
to  prayer. 

Preach,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  dis- 
course publicly  on  a  re- 
ligious subject. 

Preach'er,  n.  One  who 
preaches. 

Pre'am-ble,  n.  An  introduc- 
tory writing ;  something 
previous ;  a  kind  of  preface. 

Preb'end,  n.  A  stipend  in  a 
cathedral  church. 

Preb'end-a-ry,  n.  The  sti- 
pendiary of  a  cathedral. 

Pre-€a'ri-ous,  a.  Held  by  a 
doubtful  tenure.— Syn.  Un- 
certain ;  unsettled  ;  doubt- 
ful ;  dubious. 

Pre-ea'ri-ous-ly,  adv.  Un- 
certainly ;  doubtfully. 


Pre-<5au'tion,  n.  Previous 
care. 

Pre-eau'tion-al,     )  a.  With 

Pre-eau'tion-a-ry, )  a  view 
to  prevent  mischief. 

Pre-gede',  v.  t.  To  go  before. 

Pre-ged'enge,  I  n.   A  going 

Pre-ged'en-gy,  j  before  ; 
priority  of  time  ;  superior 
rank  or  influence. 

Pre-ged'ent,  a.  Going  before; 
anterior ;  antecedent. 

Preg'e-dent,  n.  Something 
done  or  said  that  serves  as  an 
example. 

Preg'e-dent-ed,  a.  Author- 
ized by  example. 

Pre-ged'ing,  p.  a.  Going  be- 
fore ;  precedent. 

Pre-gen'tor,  n.  Leader  of  a 
cathedral  choir. 

Pre'gept,  n.  A  command- 
ment ;  order  ;  rule  ;  direc- 
tion ;  instruction.  [cepts. 

Pre-gept'ive,  a.  Giving  pre- 

Pre-gSpt'or,  n.  A  teacher. 

Pre-gep'tress,  n.  A  female 
teacher.         [going  before. 

Pre-ges'sion  (-sesh^un),  n.  A 

Pre'gin€t,  n.  An  outward 
limit";  a  territorial  district. 

Pre'cious  (presh^us),  a.  Of 
great  price  or  value ;  costly. 

Pre'cious-ly  (presh^us-),  adv. 
In  a  precious  or  costly  way  ; 
in  great  esteem. 

Preg'i-pige,  n.  A  steep  de- 
scent of  land  or  rock. 

Pre-gip'i-tange,  )  n.  Great 

Pre-gip'i-tan-gy, )  or  rash 
haste  ;  headlong  hurry. 

Pre-gip'i-tant,  a.  Rushing 
hastily  or  headlong. 

Pre-gip'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  throw 
headlong ;  to  hasten  ;  to 
cast  to  the  bottom. 

Pre-gip'i-tate,  a.  Very  hasty ; 
headlong  ;  rash. — n.  A  sub- 
stance in  solution  chemi- 
cally separated  from  its  solv- 
ent, and  thrown  to  tho 
bottom  of  the  vessel. 

Pre-gip^i-ta'tion,  n.  Rash 
haste;  headlong  hurr^. 

Pre-gip'i-tous,  a.  Very  steep  ; 
headlong. 

Pre-gip'i-tous-ly,  adv.  De- 
scending rapidly. 


a,  e,T,o,  u,y,Zon^,'a,  e,!,5,ti, 


y,  shori ;  cSre,  car,  ask,  ftll,  wh^t ;  Ore,  vgil,  term ;  pVque,  firm ; 


rPvECISE 


203 


PREMEDITATED 


Pre-c!se'  a.    Exact;  over-  Pred'i-<5ate,  r.      To  affirm; 

nice  ;  strict ;  stiff.         [ly.  \     to  assert  to  belong  to  some- 
Pre-Cise'ly{10),a^/L'.  Exact-!  thing 
Pre-Qi§'ian,  n.    One  rigidly  Pred'i-ea'tion 

exact  in  observing  rules. 
Pre-Qig'ion  (-sizh/un),  n.  Ex- 


actness ;  accuracy. 

Pre-€lude',  v.  t.  To  prevent. 

Pre-€lu'§ioii,  n.  Act  of  pre- 
venting or  shutting  out. 

Pre-eo'cious,  a.  Ripe  prema- 
turely ;  too  forward. 


Pre-e6Q'i-ty,  n.    Premature  \  Pre-dis/po-si'tion  (-zTsh/un), 

growth  and  ripeness. 
Pre/<;  n-geive',  v.  t.  To  con- 
ceive beforehand. 
Pre'-con-gep'tion,  n.  Pre- 
vious conception  or  opinion. 
Pre^-eon-gert',  v.  t.   To  con- 
cert or  plan  beforehand. 
Pre/€on-Qert'ed,  a.  Previous- 
ly concerted  or  planned. 
Prc-€6n'tra-et,n.  A  contract 

previous  to  another. 
Pre-€ur''sor,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  precedes 
event.— Syn.  Forerunner; 
harbinger  :  omen  ;  sign. 
Pre-da'ceous  (-shus),a.  Liv- 
ing bv  plunder. 
Pred'a'-to-ry,  a.  Plundering. 
PrSd'e-ges'sor,  n.   One  who 

has  gone  bej"ore. 
Pre-d^s'ti-na'ri-an,  n.  One 
who  believes  in  predestina- 
tion. —  a.     Pertaining  to 
predestination. 
Pre-des'ti-nate,  \v.  t.  To 
Pre-des'tme,     )  foreordain. 
Pre-des^ti-na'tion,  n.  The 
purpose  of  God  from  eterni- 
ty respecting  all  events. 
Pre^de-ter'mi-nate,  a.  De- 
termined beforehand. 
Pre^de-ter^min-a'tion,  n. 

Previous  determination. 
Pre''de-ter'mine,  v.  t.  To 

determine  beforehand. 
Pre'di-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 

land  or  farms. 
Pr6d/i-ea-bil'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  predicable. 
Pr6d'i-ea-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

being  affirmed  of. 
Pre-di€'a-ment,  n.    Class  ; 

state;  particular  condition. 
Pred'i-€ate,  n.    That  which 
is  affirmed  or  denied. 


Pref  er-enge,  n.  Estimation 

or  choice  above  another. 
Pre-fer'ment,  n.  Advance- 
ment to  office. 
Pre-fig/u-ra'tion,  n.  Previ- 
ous representation. 
Pre-fig'u-ra-tive,  a.  Show- 
ing by  previous  types. 
Pre-fig'ure,  v.  t.  To  show  by 
a  figure  beforehand,  [fore. 
Pre-fix',  V.  t.    To  place  be- 
Pre'fix,  n.  A  letter,  syllable, 
or  word  prefixed. 
Previo'us  propensity.       Preg'nan-gy,  n.     St^te  of 
Pre-d6m'i-nanQe,  (  n.    As-      being  with  young  ;  fertility. 
Pre-dom'i-nan-gy,  j     cend-  |  Preg'nant,  a.    Being  vith 

ency  ;  superiority.  |     young  ;  fertile  ;  teeming. 

Pre-dom'i-nant,  a.  Prevalent  |  Pre-hen'sile,  a.    Grasping ; 

over  others  ;  predominating.  1     adapted  to  grasp. 
Pre-d6m'i-nate,  v.  i.    To  be  [  Pre-hen'sion,  n.    A  seizing, 
superior ;  to  have  controlling  '     as  witli  the  hand, 
influence;  to  rule;  to  prevail.  I  Pre-judge',  r.  t.    To  judge 
Pre-em'i-nenge,  71.  Superi 


Affirma- 
tion concerning  any  thing. 
Pre-di-ct',  V.  t.    To  foretell. 
Pre-di€'tion,  n.  A  prophecy. 
Pre-di-et'ive,  a.  ForetelUng. 
Pre'di-le^aion,  n.    A  pre- 
vious liking;  partiality. 
Pre'dis-pose',  t\  t.    To  in- 
cline or  adapt  previously. 


Act  of 


before  hearing. 
Pre-judg'ment, 

prejudging. 
Prej'u-dige,  n.  Prejudgment; 
unreasonable  prepossession ; 
bias  ;  injury .  —  v.t.  To  bias 
unduly. 
Prej'u-di'cial   (-dish/al),  a. 

Likely  to  injure  ;  hurtfuli. 
Prel'a-gy,  w.  Office  of  a  prel- 
ate ;  government  by  pifel- 


ates. 


ority  to  others  in  place  or 
rank.  [ing  others, 

an  1  Pre-em'i-nent,  a.  Surpass- 
Pre-em'i-nent-ly,  adv.  In 

a  pre-eminent  degree. 
Pre-emp'tion,   n.    Act  or 
right  of  buying  something, 
as  land,  before  others. 
Pre^-en-gage',  v.  t.    To  en- 
gage beforehand. 
Pre/-en-gage'ment,  n.  A 

prior  engagement  or  obliga-  ;  Prel'ate,  n. 
tion  ;  previous  attachment.  ■  Pre-lat'i-c, 
Prez-es-tabaish, '  v.  t.    To  Pre-iat'i€-al 
establish  beforehand.  j     the  prelacy, 

Pre'-ex-ist',  v.  i.   To  exist  Pre-le€'tion, 

beforehand.         [existence,  i     lecture  or  discourse 
Pre^-ex-ist'ence,n.  Previous  Preai-ba'tion,  n.  A  foretaste. 
Pre^-ex-ist'ent,  \  a.  Existing  Pre-lim'i-na-ry,  a.  Precede 
Pre^-ex-ist'ing,  j     in  time 

previous. 
Pref  age,  n.    An  introducto- 
ry speech  or  writing.  —  v.  t. 
To  introduce  by  preliminary 
remarks.  [ry. 
Pref  a-to-ry,  a.  Introducto- 
Pre'fe€t,  n.    A  governor  or 
chief  officer;  a  commander. 
Pref'e<;t--ure,  n.    Office  or 

jurisdiction  of  a  prefect. 
Pre-fer'  (8),  i'.  t.    To  esteem 
above  others ;  to  choose ;  to 
otfer ;  to  exalt. 
Pref  er-a-ble,  a.   Worthy  of 
preference. 


[the  churc^h. 
A  dignitary  of 
)  a.  Pertaining 
j  to  prelates  or 

A  public 


ing.  —  Syn.  'Introductory  ; 
previous  ;  preparatory. —  n. 
A  first  step;  introduction. 
Preclude,  or  Prel'ude,  n. 
Previous  air  in  music ;  an 
introductory  performance. 
Pre-lude',  v.  t.  or  i.    To  pre- 
face: to  serve  as  an  intro- 
duction. 
Pre-lu'sive,  \a.   Serving  to 
Pre-lu'so-ry,  j  introduce. 
Pre/ma-ture',  a.    Ripe  too 

soon ;  too  h;isty. 
Pre-med'i-tate,  1'.  t.  or t.  To 

meditate  beforehand. 
Pre-med'i-ta/ted,  a.  Con- 


<  'I 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  t<5-o,  took  ;  flm,  r«e,  pyll ;  9,     soft;     g,  hard;  as  ;  epst ;  u  as  ng  ;  this. 


PEEMEDITATION 


204 


PRETENSE 


ceived,  designed,  or  con- 
trived beforehand. 

Pre-meda-ta'tion,  n.  Pre- 
vious deliberation. 

Pre'mi-er  (or  prem/yer),  n. 
First;  minister  of  state.  — a. 
First ;  chief ;  principal. 

Pre-mise'  (31),  v.  To  lay 
down  premises. 

Pr5m'is-es,  n.  pi.  Proposi- 
tions admitted;  a  building 
and  its  adjuncts. 

Pre'mi-um,  n.  Reward  ;  ad- 
vance ;  something  given  or 
offered  for  the  loan  of  money. 

Pre-mon'ish,  v.  t.  To  ad- 
monish beforehand. 

Pre/mo-ni'tion  (-nish^un), 
n.  Previous  ■warning,  no- 
ti(|;e,  or  information. 

Prei-mon'i-to-ry,  a.  Giving 
previous  notice. 

Pre-6€^€u-pa'tion,  n.  Prior 
occupation. 

Pre-oe'-eu-py,  v.  t.  To  take 
possession  of  before  another. 

PrQ^or-dain',  v.  t.  To  or- 
djiin  or  appoint  beforehand. 

PrS-or^di-naaion,  n.  Act  of 
foreordaining. 

Prgp^a-ra'tion.  n.  Act  of 
preparing,  or  making  ready  ; 
pireparatory  act, 

Pre-par'a-tive,  )  a.  Adapt- 

Pre-par'a-to-ry,  f  ed  or 
tending  to  prepare. 

Pre-par'a-tive,  n.  That 
which  prepares  or  is  done  to 
prepare;  preparation. 

Pre-pare',  v.  t.  To  make  fit 
or  ready  ;  to  qualify. 

Pre-pay',  v.  t.  To  pay  in 
advance. 

Pre-pense',  a.  Premeditated. 

Pre-pon'der-ange,  n.  Su- 
periority of  M-eight  or  power. 

Pre-p6n'der-ant,  a.  Superior 
in  weight  or  iuliuence. 

Pre-p6n'der-ate,  v.  To  out- 
weigh,       [of  outweighing. 

Pre-pon/der-a'tion,  n.  Act 

Prep/o-siaion  (-/Tsh/un),  n. 
A  particle  governing  a  noun 
or  pronoun, and  showing  its 
relation  to  some  other  word. 

Pro^pos-sess'  {-pos-ses^  or 
-poz-zes'),  V.  t.  To  preoc- 
cupy ;  to  bias  ;  to  prejudice. 


Pre-pos-sess'ing  (-p6s-ses^- 
or  -poz-zes/-),a.  Adapted  to 
invite  ftivor. 

Pre^pos-ses'sion{-sesh/un  or 
-zesh^un),  n.  Prior  posses- 
sion ;  preconceived  opinion. 

Pre-pos'ter-ous,  a.  Absurd. 

Pre-re.q'ui-§ite  (-rek/wl-zit), 
a.  Previously  required  or 
liecessary.  —  n.  Something 
previously  necessary. 

Pre-rog'a-tive,  n.  An  exclu- 
sive or  peculiar  privilege. 

Pre'sage,  or  Pres'age,  n.  A 
prognostic ;  a  token. 

Pre-sage',r.  /.  To  foreshow; 
to  foretoken.  [priest. 

Pre§'by-ter,  w.    An  elder ;  a 

Pre§/by-te'ri-an,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  consisting  of,  pres- 
byters.— n.  One  who  belongs 
to  the  Presbyterian  church. 

Pre§/by-te'ri-an-ism,  n. 
Principles  and  government 
of  Presbyterians. 

Pres'by-ter-y,  n.  A  body  of 
pastors  and  ruling  elders. 

Pre'sci-enge  (prG/shl-),  n. 
Foreknowledge. 

Pre'sci-ent  (-shI-),  a.  Fore- 
knowing. 

Pre-S€ribe',  v.  To  direct ;  to 
dictate ;  to  lay  down  rules. 

Pre'S€ript,  n.  An  official  or 
authoritative  direction. 

Pre-S€rip'tion,  n.  Medical 
direction  of  remedies  ;  claim 
from  long  use  or  possession. 

Pre-S€rip'tive,  a.  Arising 
from  prescription. 

Preg'enge,  n.  A  being  pres- 
ent; neighborhood;  mien. 

Pres'^nt,.  a.  In  company  ; 
being  now  or  here  ;  imme- 
diate. —  n.  Something  pre- 
sented ;  the  present  time. 

Pre-§snt',  v.  t.  To  give  ;  to 
bestow;  to  exhibit;  to  view; 
to  prefer  ;  to  indict. 

Pre-sent'a-ble,  n.  Admitting 
of  being  presented. 

Preg/en-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
presenting  ;  exhibition. 

Pre-§en'ti-ment,  n.  Previous 
notion  or  apprehension. 

Pre§'ent-ly,  adv.  Shortly ; 
soon  ;  immediately. 

Pre-§6nt'ment,  n.  A  present- 


ing ;  representation  ;  accu- 
sation by  a  grand  jury. 

Pre§/er-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
preserving ;  safety ;  security. 

Pre-serv'a-tive,  a.  Having 
power  to  preserve.— n.  That 
which  preserves. 

Pre  serve',  v.  t.  To  keep 
safe  ;  to  save ;  to  secure  ;  to 
defend.  —  n.  Fruit  pre- 
served ;  a  place  to  keep 
gam.e,  or  fish,  in. 

Pre-gide,  v.  i.  To  exercise 
superintendence  or  control. 

Prgg'i-den-gy,  n.  Office  or 
jurisdiction  of  president. 

Prg§'i-dent,  n.  One  at  the 
head  of  a  society,  college,  or 
republic.       [to  a  president. 

Pres/i-den'tial,a.  Pertaining 

Press  (2),  t\  t.  To  squeeze; 
to  crowd;  to  urge.  —  v.  i. 
To  encroach  ;  to  urge  vehe- 
mently. —  n.  A  machine 
for  pressing  ;  urgency  ; 
crowd ;  throng. 

Pr6ss'-gang,  n.  A  crew  that 
impresses  men  as  seamen. 

Press'ing,  a.  Urgent. 

Press'ure  (presh/ur),n.  Act 
of  pressing  ;  affliction ; 
weight;  force;  urgency. 

Pre-sam'a-ble,  a.  Such  as 
may  be  presumed. 

Pre-gume',  v.  i.  To  suppose; 
to  venture  without  leave. 

Pre-giimp'ticn,  «.  Opinion; 
strong  probability  ;  excess 
of  confidence. 

Pre-sump'tive,  a.  Partaking 
of  presumption. 

Pre-§uinpt'u-ous,  a.  Rashly 
bold;  unduly  confident. 

Pre^sup-pcse',  v.  t.  To  sup- 
pose as  p*revious;  to  take 
for  granted, 

Pre-tgnge',  n.    See  Pretense. 

Pre-tend',  v.  t.    To  hold  out 
an  appearance  of ;  to  simu- 
late ;  to  feign  ;  to  claim.  — 
V.  i.    To  use  pretense. 
Pre-tgnd'ed,  p.  a.    Having  a 

false  appearance  or  claim. 
Pre-tSnd'er,  n.  One  who  pre- 
tends or  lays  claim. 
Pre-tense'  (27),  n.    A  simu- 
lated claim  or  assumption; 
a  pretext ;  assumption. 


a,  S,  i,  a,  u,  y,  long  ;  il,  6, 1, 6,  U,  j^,  short ;  c&r«,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t ;  5ro,  Tgil,  t5rm ;  pique,  Cmi  \ 


PRETENSION 


205 


PRISON 


Pre-tSn'sion,  n.  Claim,  true 
or  false ;  pretense. 

Pre-ten'tious,  a.  Making 
great  pretensions. 

Pret'er-it,  or  Pre'ter-it,  a. 
{Gram.)  Past  or  perfectly 
past.  [  Written also/'reimfe.] 

Pre'ter-i'tion  (-ish^un),  n. 
Act  of  going  past. 

Pre'ter-mis'sion  (  mish^un), 
n.  The  act  of  omitting. 

Preaer-mit',  v.  t.  To  pass 
by  ;  to  omit ;  to  disregard. 

Pre'ter-nat'u-ral,  a.  Beyond, 
or  different  from,  what  is 
natural ;  aside  from  nature. 

Pre-t8xt',  or  Pre'text,  n.  A 
pretense ;  an  excuse. 

Pre'tor,  n.  A  civil  officer 
among  the  ancient  Romans. 

Pre-to'ri-an,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  pretor  or  judge. 

Pret'ti-ly  (prit/ti-  or  pret^ti-), 
adv.  Neatly  ;  pleasingly. 

Pret'ty  (prU/ty  or  pretay), 
a.  Neat;  handsome.  —  adv. 
In  some  degree  ;  tolerably. 

Pre-vail',  v.  i.  To  be  preva- 
lent ;  to  be  generally  re- 
ceived. 

Prev'a-lenQe,  n.  Most  general 
reception ;  predominance. 

Prev'a-lent,  a.  Predomi- 
nant ;  powerful. 

Pre-var'i-eate,  v.  i.  To  avoid 
giving  a  direct  answer.  — 
Syn.  To  evade ;  equivocate. 

Pre-var^i-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
quibbling,  [fore ;  preceding. 

Pre-ven'i-ent,  a.    Going  be- 

Pre-vent',  r.  t.  To  hinder. 

Pre-ven'tion,  m.  Hindrance. 

Pre-vent'ive,  a.  Tending  to 
hinder  or  prevent.  —  n. 
Somothing  that  prevents. 

Pre'vi-ous,  a.  Going  before 
in  time  ;  prior  ;  antecedent. 

Pre-vis'ion  (-vTzh'un),  n. 
Foresight ;  foreknowledge. 

Prey  (pr  i),  n.  Spoil ;  booty  ; 
plunder.  —  v.  i.  To  take 
food  by  violence  ;  to  plun- 
der. 

Prlge,  n.  Equivalent  paid  for 
any  thing  ;  value  ;  reward. 

Prige'-cur^rent,  n.  A  pub- 
lished list  of  the  prevailing 
prices  of  merchandise,  &c. 


Prige'less,  a.  Invaluable ; 
inestimable. 

Prick,  v.t.  To  pierce ;  to  spur. 
—  V.  i.   To  become  acid. 

Prick'le  (prik/l),  71.  A  sharp 
pointed  projection. 

Prick'ly,  a.  Full  of  prickles. 

Pride,  n.  Inordinate  self-es- 
teem ;  generous  elation  of 
heart;  dignity.  —  t*.  t.  To 
indulge  in  self-esteem. 

Priest,  n.  A  clergyman  ;  an 
ecclesiastic.  [fraud. 

Priest'€raft,  n.  Religious 

Priest'ess,  n.  A  female  priest. 

Priest'hdbd,  n.  Offi'-e  of  a 
priest ;  the  order  of  priests. 

Priest'ly,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
like,  a  priest ;  sacerdotal. 

Prig,  n.  A  conceited  fellow. 

Prig'gish  (7),  a.  Conceited  ; 
pert  ;  affected. 

Prim,  a.  Formal ;  precise  ; 
affectedly  nice. — r.  t.  To 
deck  with  great  nicety. 

Pri'ma-gy,  n.  Office  or  digni- 
ty of  an  archbishop. 

Prim'age,  n.  A  charge  im- 
posed in  addition  to  the 
freight.  [nally. 

Pri'ma -ri-ly  (13),  adv.  Origi- 

Pri'ma-ry,  a.  Original ;  first 
in  time,  meaning,  or  rank. 

Pri'mate,  n.  An  archbishop. 

Prime,  a.  First ;  original  ; 
chief;  early.  —  n.  The  dawn  ; 
spring  ;  the  best  part  ; 
youth;  full  health.  — v.  t. 
To  put  powder  in  the  pan 
of,  as  of  a  gun  ;  to  lay  the 
first  color  in  painting. 

Prim'er,  n.  A  small  first  book 
for  children  ;  a  kind  of  type 
of  which  there  are  two  spe- 
cies, one  called 

Long-primer, 

and  the  other  called 

Great- 
primer. 

Pri-me'val,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  earliest  ages  ;  primitive. 

Prim'ing,  n.  Powder  in  the 
pan  of  a  gun  :  first  color 
I     laid  on  in  painting. 


Prim'i-tive,  a.  First;  origi- 
nal. —  n.  A  primitive  word. 

Prim'ness,  n.  Affected  nice- 
ness  or  formality. 

Pri'mo-gen'i-ture,  n.  Sen- 
iority by  birth  ;  exclusive 
right  of  inheritance  belong 
ing  to  the  eldest  son  o 
daughter.       [der ;  original. 

Pri-mor'di-al,  a.  First  in  or 

Prim'r6§e,  n.  An  early  flow 
ering  plant. 

Pringe  (18),  n.  A  king's  son; 
a  sovereign.  [prince. 

Pringe'dom,  n.  Dignity  of " 

Pringe'ly,  a.  Of,  or  relatin 
to,  a  prince  ;  grand. 

Prin'gess,  n.  The  consort  of 
a  prince  ;  a  king's  daughter. 

Prin'gi-pal,a.  Chief;  capital. 
—  n.  A  chief  man  ;  a  head  ; 
a  sum  of  money  at  interest. 

Prin'gi-pal'i-ty,  n.  A  prince's 
domain  ;  sovereignty. 

Prin'gi-pal-ly,  adv.  Chiefly. 

Prin'gi-ple,  n.  A  settled  or 
right  rule  of  conduct ;  fun- 
damental truth;  tenet;  an 
original  element. 

Prink,  I',  t.  To  dress  for  show. 

Print,  v.t.  To  mark  by  im- 
pression. —  n.  A  mark  made 
by  pressure;  impressions  of 
type  ;  cloth  stamped  with 
figures. 

Print'er^  n.  One  who  prints. 
:  Printing,  n.     The  art  or 
practice  of  a  printer. 

Pri  or,  a.  Former  ;  antece- 
dent. —  n.  The  superior  of 
a  monastery. 

Pri'or-ess,  n.  The  lady  su- 
perior of  a  convent. 

Pri-6r'i-ty,  w.  State  of  being 
first  in  time,  rank,  &c. 

Pri'or-y,  n.  A  religious 
house  ;  a  convent. 

Prism,  n.  A  sohd,  whose 
bases      are  similar, 
equal,  parallel,  plane 
figures,    and     whose  S| 
sides    are    parallel©-  R| 
grams.  Hi 

Pris-mat'i€,  a.  Ver-^^r 
talning  to,  or  formed 
by,  prisms.  Prism. 

Prig'on  (priz^n),  v.  t.  To  shut 
up  ;  to  confine.  —  n.  A  jail. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  to^ok;  tiru,  rue,  pull ;  9,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  a  as  ng ;  this. 


PRISONER 


20G 


PROFIT 


Prlg'on-er,  n.  One  under  ar- 
rest ;  a  captive.  [nal. 

Pris'tine,  a.    Ancient ;  origi- 

Piitii'ee,  adv.  I  pray  thee. 

Pri'va-Q7,  n.  Retirement  ; 
secrecy  ;  a  place  of  retreat. 

PrI'vate,  a.  Secret ;  peculiar 
to  one's  self ;  alone.  — n.  A 
common  soldier. 
rPva-teer',  n.  A  private 
ship  of  war  commissioned  to 
take  prizes.  —  v.  i.  To  cruise 
in  a  privateer. 

PrI'vate-ly,  adv.  In  a  pri- 
vate or  secret  manner. 

Pri-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  de- 
priving ;  absence ;  loss. 

Priv'a-tive,  a.  Causing  pri- 
vation.—  n.  A  negative  pre- 
fix to  a  word.  [shrub. 

Priv'et,  n.    An  ornamental 

Priv'i-lege,  v.  t.  To  invest 
with  peculiar  rights.  —  n. 
Peculiar  advantage,  [vately. 

Priv'i-ly,  adv.  Secretly  ;  pri- 

Priv'i-ty,  n.  Private  knowl- 
edge and  concurrence. 

Priv'y,  a.  Privately  knowing 
and  consenting  ;  private.  — 
n.  A  partaker;  an  outhouse. 

Prize,  n.  A  reward  ;  some- 
thing taken  from  an  enemy. 
—  V.  i.  To  value;  to  esteem. 

Prdb^a-biPi-ty,  n.  Appear- 
ance of  truth ;  likelihood. 

Pr6b'a-ble,  a.  Likely  to  be, 
or  to  be  true.  [hood. 

Pr6b'a-bly,  adv.    In  likeli- 

Pro'bate,  n.    Proof  of  a  will. 

Pro-ba'tion,  M.  A  proof ;  trial. 

Pro-ba'tjon-a-ry,  a.  Serving 
for  probation  or  trial. 

Pro-ba'tion-er,  n.  One  under- 
going probation ;  a  novice. 

Probe,  n.  A  surgeon's  in- 
strument. —  V.  t.  To  try 
with  a  probe  ;  to  search 
thoroughly. 

Pr6b'i-ty,  n.  Uniform  up- 
rightness; integrity. 

Prdb'lem,  n.    A  questioji  to 

,   be  solved. 

Prob/lem-at'i-c-al,  a.  Ques- 
tionable ;  uncertain. 

Pro-b6s'cis,  n.  The  snout  or 
trunk  of  an  elephant,  &c. 

Pro-Qed'ure,  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  proceeding  ;  process. 


Pro-Qeed',  v.  i.  To  go  forward. 

Pro-geed'ing,  n.  A  transac- 
tion, [rents. 

Pro'geeds,  n.  pi.      Issue  ; 

Pr6g'ess  (pros^'es),  n.  A  pro- 
ceeding ;  progress,  [persons. 

Pro-ges'sion,  n.    A  train  of 

Pro-elaim',  v.  t.  To  pro- 
nounce publicly  and  sol- 
emnly ;  to  publish  ;  to  pro- 
mulgate. 

Pr5€'la-ma'tion,  n.  A  publi- 
cation by  authority. 

Pro-eliv'i-ty,  n.  Habitual  or 
natural  inclination. 

Pro-c6n'sul,  n.  A  governor 
of  a  province. 

Pro-€6n'su-lar,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  proconsul. 

Pro-eras'ti-nate,  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  put  off  from  day  to  day. 

Pro-eras^ti-na'tion,  n.  De- 
lay ;  dilatoriness. 

Pro'<;re-ate,  v.  t.  To  generate. 

Pr5'-ere-a'tionv^^n.  Produc- 
tion of  young ;  generation. 

Pr5'€re-a/tive,  a.  yHaving 
the  power  to  beget. 

Pro'cre  a'tor,  n.  One  who 
begets  ;  a  sire. 

Pr6-e'tor,  n.  An  officer  in 
admiralty  and  ecclesiastical 
causes  ;  an  officer  of  a  uni- 
versity. 

Pro-€um'bent,  a.  Lying 

down  or  on  the  face. 
I  Pro -eur'a-ble,  a.  Obtainable. 

Pr6€'u-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
procuring  ;  procurement. 

Pr6€'u-ra^tor,  n.  One  who 
manages  another's  affairs. 

Pro-eure^;  v.  t.  To  obtain  ; 
to  gain  ;  to  acquire. 

Pro-eure'ment  (10),  w.^  Act 

of  procuring  or  obtaining, 
i  Prod'l-gal,  a.  Lavish  ;  waste- 
ful. —  n.   A  spendthrift. 

Pr6d/i-gal'i-ty,  n.  Wasteful 
expenditure  ;  excessive  lib- 
erality. —  Syn.  Extrava- 
gance ;  profusion ;  waste. 

Pr6d'i-gal-ly,  adv.  Lavishly. 

Pro-dig'ious  (-dTyus),  a. 
Very  great  ;  astonishing  ; 
enormous  in  size,  quantity, 
&c. 

Pro-dig'ious-ly,  adv.  As- 
tonishingly ;  enormously. 


Pr6d'i-gy  (19),  n.  Any  sur- 
prising thing :  a  wonder. 

Pro-dugc',  v.  t.  To  bring 
forth  ;  to  bear  ;  to  yield  ;  to 
exhibit. 

Prod'uge,  n.  That  which  is 
produced  or  yielded  ;  grain. 

Pro-du'ger,  n.  One  who  pro- 
duces,       [being  produced. 

Pro-du'gi-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

Prod'u-ct,  n:  A  thing  pro- 
duced ;  effect ;  result ;  sum. 

Pro-du-e'ticn,  n.  Act  of  pro- 
ducing ;  fruit ;  product. 

Pro-du-et'ive,  a.  Causing  to 
exist ;  fertile  ;  efficient. 

Pro-du-et'ive-ness,  n.  The 
quality  of  producing. 

Pr5'em,  n.  A  preface  ;  intro- 
duction ;  prelude. 

Pr6f''a-na'tion,  n.  A  violation 
of  sacred  things. 

Pro-fane',  a.  Irreverent  to 
God  and  to  sacred  thing.s  ; 
impious.  — V.  t.  To  violate  ; 
to  put  to  a  wrong  use ;  to 
pollute.  [ently. 

Pro-fane'ly,  adv.  Irrever- 

Pro-fane'ness,  I  n.  Impiety  ; 

Pro-fan'i-ty,  j  irreverence 
for  sacred  things. 

Pro-fess',  V.  t.  To  declare 
openly  ;  to  avow,  [avowal. 

Pro-fess'ed-ly,    adv.  By 

Pro-fes'sion  (-fesh-'un),  n. 
Open  declaration  ;  avowal  ; 
vocation  ;  occupation. 

Pro-f6s'sion-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  profession. 

Pro-fess'or,  n.  One  who 
makes  any  profession  ;  a 
public  teacher  in  literature 
or  science. 

Pro-fess'or-ship,  n.  Office 
of  a  professor. 

Pr6f'fer  (8),  v.  t.  To  pro- 
pose for  acceptance.  —  n. 
An  offer  ;  an  attempt. 

Pro-fi'cien-cy  (-fish/en-),  n. 
Progress  made ;  advance. 

Pro-fi'cient  (-fish/ent),  n. 
One  who  has  made  progress 
or  advance  ;  an  expert  ;  an 
adept.         [line  ;  side  face. 

Pro'f lie  (or  pro^fcel),  n.  Out- 
Profit,  n.  Gain  ;  advantage. 
—  v.  (8)  To  benefit ;  to  im- 
prove ;  to  be  of  advantage. 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  6,  i,  6,  Q,     short ;  care,  car, a^k,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere, Tfiil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


Mm 


PrSf'it^aile  Shielding  ad- 
vantage ;  lucrative. 
Pr6f'it-a-"bly,  adv.   With  ad- 
vantage ;  advantageously. 
Pr6f'li-ga-9y,n.  A  prolligate 

or  very  vicious  life. 
Prof'ii-gate,  a.    Lost  to  vir- 
tue. —  n.     An  abandoned 
or  shamefully  vicious  man. 
Pro-found',  a.    Deep  ;  thor- 
ough ;  low  ;  learned. 
Pro-found'ness, )  n.  Depth 
Pro-fund'i-ty,    j    of  place, 

or  of  knowledge. 
Pro-fuse',  a.    Liberal  to  ex- 
cess ;  exuberant;  lavish. 
Pro-fu'§ion,  n.    Great  abun- 
dance ;  lavish  supply  ;  ex- 
travagance ;  prodigality. 
Prog,  V.  i-    To  go  about  beg- 
ging ;  to  steal. 
Pro-gen'i-tor,   n.    An  an- 
cestor ;  a  forefather. 
Pr6g'e-ny,n.  Offspring ;  race. 
Prog-nd'sis,  n.    The  art  or 
act  of  foretelling  the  course 
of  a  disease  by  its  symptoms. 
Prog-n6s'ti€,  a.  Foreboding. 

—  n.    A  sign  ;  token. 
Prog-n6sai-c-ate,  v-  t.  To 

foreshow  or  foretell. 
Prog-n6s'ti-ea'tioii,  n.  The 

act  of  foretelling. 
Pro'gram,      in.  An  outline 
Prd'gramme,  )  of  some  pub- 
lic performance. 
PrSg'ress,  n.    A  course  on- 
ward ;  advance. 
Pro-gress',  v.  i.  To  advance. 
Pro-grSs'sion,  n.  Advance. 
Pro-gress'ive,  a.    Going  on- 
ward ;  advancing. 
Pro-Mb'it,  V.  t.  To  forbid. 
Pr5/hi-l)iaion  (-bish'un),  n. 

Act  of  forbidding. 
Pro-hib'it-ive,  I  a.  Contain- 
Pro-hib'it-o-ry,  )  ing,orim. 

plying,  prohibition. 
Pro-ject'jV.  7*.  To  jut  out;  to 
be  prominent. — v.  t.  To 
scheme  ;  to  plan  ;  to  devise  : 
to  draw  ;  to  delineate. 
Proj'ect,  n.  A  plan;  scheme. 
Pro-je-et'ile,  a.  Impelling 
forward.  —  n.    A  body  pro- 
jected through  the  air. 
Pro-je€'tion,  n.    Act  of  pro- 
jecting ;  plan ;  delineation. 


207 


PROPHETi^^S 


Pro-ieet'or,  n.  One  who  Pro'tnul-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 
projects  or  plans.  i     publishes  or  makes  known. 

Pro'iate,a.  Elongated  in  the  Prcne,  a.  Flat  on  the  face-, 
direction  of  a  Une  joining  '  bending  downward  ;  slop- 
the  poles  |     ^"S  ;  inclined  ;  disposed. 

Pr6i'i-cide,  n.  The  crime  of  \  Prong,  n.  The  branch  of  a 
destroying  one's  offspring.    I     fork.  [to  a  pronoun. 

Pro-lif'i€,  a.  Generative  ;  Pro-n6m'i-nal,  a.  Belongmg 
fruitful ;  productive.  I  Pro'noun,  n.    A  word  used 

Pro-lix'  a.    Long;  tediovis.   I     for  a  noun. 
Pro-lix'i-ty    {  n.        Great  Pro-nounQC',  f.     To  speak ; 
Pro-lix'ness,j     length;  te- j     to  utter  rhetorically. 

diousness.  Pro-nounQe'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

Pr6Po-€U'tcr,  or  Pro-16€'u-  |     of  being  pronounced, 
tor,  n.    One  who  speaks  for  ;  Pro-nun/gi-a-men^to,  ji 
ar>.other  ;  a  spokesman. 
Pro'lSgue  (pro'lug),  n.  Intro- 
duction to  a  play. 
Pro-16ng',  V.  t.  To  lengthen. 


Pro'Ion-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of 
lengthening  in  time  or  space; 
delay. 

Prdm'e-nade',  or  PrSm'e- 
nade',  n.  A  walk.  —  v.  i.  To 
^alk  for  amusement  or  ex- 
^cise.      [being  prominent. 
'Pr6m'i-nenge,  n.    State  of 
Pr6m'i-nent,  a.  Conspicu- 
ous, [nently. 
Prom'i-nent-ly,  adv.  Emi- 

Pro-miS'€u-ous,  a.  Mixed; 
indiscriminate. 

Prom'ise,  n.  A  declaration 
which  binds  the  one  Avho 
makes  it;  ground  of  hope. 
—  V.  t.  To  engage  by  decla- 
ration ;  to  give  hopes. 

Pr6m'is-so-ry,a.  Containing 
a  promise.  [land. 

Prom'on-to-ry,  n.    A  head- 

Pro-mote',  v.  t.  To  forward; 
to  raise  ;  to  elevate,  [ment. 

Pro-mo'tion,  n.  Advance- 

Pro-m5'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
promote,  advance,  or  aid. 

PrSmpt,  a.  Ready;  expedi- 
tious f  quick.  —  r.  t.  To  in- 
cite to  action  ;  to  dictate. 

Prompt'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
minds a  speaker.  [ness. 

Prompt 'iy,  ndv.  With  readi- 

Prom-Dt'ness,    }  n.  Readi- 

Prompt'i-tude,  )  ness  ;  ex- 
pedition ;  alacrity. 

Pro-mul'gate,  v.  t.  To  make 
known  by  open  declaration. 

Pro/mul-ga'tion,  71.  A  no- 
tice ;  open  publication. 


proclamation  or  manifesto. 
Pro-nun/ci-a'tion  (-shl-a'- 
shun),  77.    Act  or  mode  of 
utterance. 
Proof,  51.  Testimony;  full  evi- 
dence ;  trial ;  test ;  demon- 
stration ;  a  proof-sheet.  —  a. 
Impenetniblc. 
Proof-sheet,  n.    An  impres- 
sion from  type,  an  engraved 
plate,  &c.,  for  correction. 
Prop,  n.    That  on  which  a 
body  rests;  support.  —  v.  t. 
To  support ;  to  uphold. 
Pr6p'a-gan'dist,n.  A  person 

who  propagates  opinions. 
Pr6p'a-gate,  v.  t.   To  gener- 
ate ;   to  increase  ;   to  pro- 
mote, [sion ;  increaFc. 
Pr6p/a-ga'tion,  n.  Exten- 
Prop'a-ga'tor,  n.    One  who 

propagates. 
Pro-pelMT),  f.     To  drive  or 

urge  forward. 
Pro-pel'ler,  n.    One  who,  or 
that    which,    pvopels  ;  a 
steam-boat  propelled  by  a 
screw,  or  the  screwy  itself. 
Pro-pense',  a.  Inclined. 
Pro-pen'si-ty,  n.  Inclina- 
tion ;  bent  of  mind  ;  ten- 
dency;  bias;  proclivity. 
Propter,  a.    One's  own;  nat- 
ural ;  fit ;  just ;  correct. 
Prop'er-ty,  n.    Inherent  or 
peculiar    quality  ;  owner- 
ship ;  an  estate  ;  goods. 
Proph'e-cy,  n.  Prediction. 
Proph'e-s^,  v-    To  foret^t^l, 

as  events  ;  to  predict. 
PrSph'et,  n.  One  who;  proph- 
esies, '[prophet. 
Propli'et-ess,  n.    A  female 


son,  or,  do.  wolf,  to-o,  took  ;  fim,  rije,  p'^U  ;  9,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard;      ;  exi?,'t ;  q  as  ug ;  this. 


PROPHETIC 


208 


PROVJ^ 


Pro-phet'i€, 
Pro-phet'i€-al, 

eveiitsVrelatiiig  to  prophecy. 

5ro-pin'qui-ty,  n.  Nearuess 
\n  place,4ime,  or  relation. 

Pfojmai-ate  (-pTsh/i-at),  v.  t. 
To%ppease  and  make  fav- 
orable. 

Pro-pi^ti-a'tion  (-pTsh'i-a'- 
shun),  n.  Act  of  appeasing. 

Pro-pi'ti-a'tor  (-plsh/i-),  n. 
One  who  propitiates. 

Pro-pi'ti-a-to-ry  {-pish^i-a-), 
a.  Having  the  power  to 
make  propitious  ;  expiatory. 

—  n.  The  mercy-seat. 
Pro-pi'tious   {-pish/ us), 

Highly  favorable  to  succj 

—  Syn.  Auspicious 
Pro'po:Hs,  n.    A  substi 

used  i*yj^gg^  to  stop  crev 

n.  Compara- 
equal  share  ; 
Ratios.  — V.  t.  To 
I  suitable  propor- 
bne  part  to  another, 
['tion-a-ble,  a.  Capa- 
being  proportioned, 
•'tion-a-bly,  adv.  Ac- 
^cording  to  proportion. 
Pro-por'tion-al,   1  a.  Hav- 
Pro-p5r'tion-ate,  )  ingadue 
proportion,  or  comparative 
relation. 
Pro-por'tion-al-ly,  adv.  In 

due  proportion. 
Pro-p5r'tion-ate,  v.  t.  To 

make  proportional. 
Pro-p5s'al,  n.  Offer ;  proffer ; 

proposition. 
Pro-p5§e',  V.  t.  To  offer  for 

consideration ;  to  purpose. 
Pr6p''o-si'tioii  (-zish'un),  n. 
A  thing  proposed  ;  offer  of 
terms.  [to  offer. 

Pro-pound',  v.  t.  To  propose  ; 
Pro-pri'e-ta-ry,  n.  An  owner. 
—  a.  Belonging  to  an  owner, 
o-pri'e-tor,  n.  A  possessor 
J  in  his  own  right ;  an  owner, 
ro-pri'e-ty,  n.      Fitness  ; 
justness  ;  decorum. 
ro-puPsion,  n.    Act  of  pro- 
•i.ling,  or  driving  forward, 
o^.^a'tion,  n.  Continu- 
e  of  >  l*arliament  from  one 
,.,ion  to^  another. 


Unfold- 1  Pro-rogue',  v.  t.  To  continue 

ing  future  j     from  session  to  session. 

Pro-sa'i-e,  a.    Consisting  in, 
or  like,  prose  ;  common- 
place ;  prosy. 
Pro-SQe'ni-um,7i.  Front  part 
of  the  stage  of  a  theater ; 
part  before  the  drop-scene. 
Pro-s-erlbe',  v.   t.     To  de- 
nounce and  condemn  ;  to 
outlaw ;  to  interdict. 
Pro-s-erip'tion,  n.  A  dooming 
to  death,  exile,  or  outlawry. 
Pro-s-erip'tive,  a.  Pertaining 

to  proscription. 
Prdse,  n.    Language  not  in 
verse.  — v.  i.    To  talk  in  a 
11,  tedious  manner. 
's'e-<jute-  V.  t.  To  pursue 


;cjiA*yiul 

vjaHpF  tioi 


a  claim 
tion 
Pros^e-eu'tii 
Pro: 


^'rammar  which  treats  of 
accent  and  versification. 

Pr63'pe<;t,  n.  A  view  ;  object 
of  view  ;  reason  to  hope. 

Pro-speet'ive,  a.  Looking 
forward  ;  regarding  the  fu- 
ture ;  coming. 

Pro-sp§€'tus,  n.  Plan  cf  a 
proposed  literary  work. 

PrSs'per,  v.  i.  To  be  success- 
ful.—Syn.  To  succeed; 
thrive;  flourish. — v.  t.  To 
render  successful ;  to  favor. 

Pros-per'i-ty,  n.  Good  for- 
tune ;  success. 

PrSs'per-ous, «.  Successful. 

PrSs'ti-tiite,  v.  t.  To  offer  to 
a  lewd  or  bad  use.  —  a.  De- 
voted to  base  or  lewd  pur- 
poses. —  n.  A  woman  given 
to  lewdness. 

Pros'ti-tii'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
prostituting.  [length. 

Pr6s'trate,    a.      Lying  at 

Prds'trate,  i->.  t.  To  throw 
down  ;  to  fall  flat. 

Pros-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  pros- 
trating ;  dejection. 


Pro'style,  «.  A  range  of  col- 
umns in  front. 
Pro'sy,  a.    Dull  and  tedious. 
Pro-t6€t',  v.t.  To  shield  from 

danger  ;  to  save  harmless. 
Pro-te€'tion,  n.  Defense  from 

injury  or  danger. 
Pro-te€t'ive,  a.  Defensive. 
Pro-te€t'or,ji.    One  who  de- 

fenfe'tfom  mjury. 
Pro-te-e'tor-^te,  n.  Govern- 

ment"by.  a  protector. 
Prot^g^lpro/ta/zha'),  n.  Ono 
under  the  care  and  protec- 
tion of  another. 
Pro-test',  V.  i.  To  affirm  sol- 
emnly.—  V.  t.    To  declare 
against ;  to  disown. 
Prd'test,  n.    A  formal  dec- 
laration of^issent. 
Pr6t'est-ant,  n.     One  who 
protects  against  the  doc- 
trines and  practices  of  the 
rch  of  Rome, 
ist-ant-igm,  n.  The  re- 
[gion  of  protestants. 
r6t^e^-ta'tion,  n.  Solemn 
declaration. 
Pro-th6n'o-ta-ry,  n.  The 

chief  clerk  of  a  court. 
Pr6'to-€61,  n.     An  original 
copy  or  rough  draught  of 
a  treaty,  &c. 
Pro'to-mar'tyr,  n.  The  first 

martyr,  Stephen. 
Pro'to-t^pe,  n.'  An  original 
model. 

Pro-tra-et',  v.  t.  To  lengthen 
in  time  ;  to  prolong. 

Pro-tra€'tion,  n.  Act  of  pro- 
tracting ;  a  lengthening  out. 

Pro-trude',  v.  t.  To  thrust 
ovit.—v.  i.  To  shoot  forward. 

Pro-tru'sion  (-trvj/zhun),  n. 
Act  of  thrusting  out. 

Pro-tru'sive,  a.  Thrusting  or 
impelling  outward. 

Pro-tu'bcr-ange,  n.  A  promi- 
nence ;  a  swelling.  [out. 

Pro-tu'ber-ant,  a.  Swelling 

Pro-tu'ber-ate ,  ^' .  ? .  To  swell 
out. 

Proud,  o.  Having  inordinato 
self-esteem  ;  conceited ;  arro- 
gant ;  haughty. 

Prove,  v.t.ovi.  To  try  ;  to 
test ;  to  ascertain  by  experi- 
ment ;  to  verify  ;  to  demon- 


,T,  o,  u,  y,  Ions  ;  ^»     1}  6,  u,  j^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  [ill,  what ;  6re,  veil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


PROVENDER 

strate  ;  to  experience  ;  tO' 

found  by  trial. 
Prov'en-der,  n.  Dry  food 

cattle  and  horses. 
Prdv'erb,  n.    A  wise  saying  ; 

an  adage  ;  a  maxim. 
Pro-verb'i-al,  a.  "Pertaining 

to  a  proverb  ;  univlM^jftU^ 

acknowledged  or  spoken'of. 
Pro-verb'i-al-ly,  adv.   By  or 

as  a  proverb. 
Pro-vide',  v.  t.    To  prqpure 

beforehand  ;  to  prepare. 
Prdv'i-denge,  n.    Foresight ; 

the  care  of  God  over  his 

creatures.  [beforehand. 
Pr6v'i-dent,  a.  Preparing 
Pr6v'i-den'tial,  a.  Relating 

to.  or  effected  by,  divine 

providence. 
Pr6v/i-d6n'tial-ly,  adv. 

means  of  providence, 
Pr6v'i-dent-ly,  adv, 


>iiie  I  Pro^ 
for 


209 

Prow,  n.   Forepart  of  a  ship. 
~row'ess,n.  Bravery;  valor, 
wl,  v.  i.  To  rove  for  prey. 
'  A  roving  for  prey. 
Pr6x'i-mate,a.    Next  imme- 
diately preceding  or  follow- 
ing.—  Syn.  Nearest;  imme- 
di^ate  ;  direct.  \ 
Prox-im'i-tyvi^  Nisamesg. 
;6x'i-mo,  n.    Tiae  next,  or 
coming  month. 
Prdx'jrfiaj,  n.  A  substitute. 
Prude,  n.  A  woman  of  affect- 
•"■j^d  modesty  or  reserve. 
Prti'denge,  n.   Practical  wis- 
dom ;  caution  ;  discretion. 
Pru'dent,  a.  Practically  wise. 
Pru-den'tial,  a.  Proceeding^ 
from,  or  guided  by,  pj'*^ 
dence.  ^ 

ffected  mod- 
[coy. 
Affectedly 
dried  plum.  — 
cut  or  lop  off 
to  trim. 

of 

woolen 


Pro 

itantof  a 
longing  to' 

Pro-vin'Qia 
ity  of  speecfi" 

Pro-vi'§ion 

Preparation;  somefl 
Tided ;  food, 
ply  with  stores. 

Pro-vi'sion-al,     )  a.  Pre- 

Pro-vi'sion-a-ry, )  pared  for 
the  oc'casion  ;  temporary. 

Pro-vi'iion-al-ly  (-vizh^un-), 
adv.  Temporarily. 

Pro-vI'§o,  n.  {pi.  Pro-vF§6s, 
18.)  A  conditional  stipula- 
tion, [of  anger. 

Prov'o-ca'tion,  n.    A  cause 

Pro-v6'€a-tive,  a.  Serving  to 
provoke  or  excite.  —  n.  Any 
thing  that  tends  to  pro- 
voke ;  a  stimulant. 

Pro-v6ke',  v.  t.  To  excite; 
to  offend  ;  to  incense. 

Pr6v'6st  (prov'ust),  n.  A 
chief  officer,  or  magistrate. 

Pro'vost-mar'shal  {usually 
pron.  pro-vo'-),  n.  A  mili- 
tai^y  officer  who  arrests  de- 
serters, &c. 


plied  to  an  acid  which  is  a 
deadly  poison. 
Pry,  V.  i.    To  examine  or  in- 
spect closely.  —  V.  t.  To  lift 
with  a  lever. 
Psalm  (sam),  n.     A  sacred 
song  or  hymn.  [psalms. 
Psalm'ist,  n.    A  writer  of 
Psalm'o-dist     (sjilm^-  or 
sam^-),  n.    One  who  sings 
psalms. 

Psalm'o-dy  (ssXlm^-  or  sam'-), 
n.  Art  or  practice  of  singing 
psalms  or  hymns. 

PsaPter  (sawPter),  n.  The 
book  of  Psalms. 

PsaPter-y  (sawl/ter-),  n.  An 
instrument  of  music. 

Pshaw  ( shaw ),  inter j.  express- 
ing contempt, 

Psy/€ho-16g'i€(si/-),  a. 
taining  to  psychology. 

Psy-€h61'o-gy  (si-),  n. 
doctrine  of  the  soul. 

Pt6Pe-ma'i€  (tol'-),  a. 


PUGNACIOUS 

taining  to  Ptolemy,  an  an- 
cient astronomer.  [scxesJy 
Pu'ber-ty,n.  Ripe  age  in  tho 
Pu-bes'QenQC,  n.    A  state  of 
puberty  ;  soft,  short  hairs. 
Pu-bes'QCnt,  a.    Arriving  at  ^ 
puberty  ;  covered  with  soft, 
short  hairs. 
Pub'li€  (5),  a.    Pertaining  to 
the  comaiunity  ;  common ; 
open  ;  general.  —  n.  The 
body  of  the  people. 
Pub '11 -can,  n.    Keeper  of  an 
inn  or  public  house  ;  a  col-s^ 
lector  of  taxes  or  tribute. 
Pub'li-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of  pub- 
lishiug ;  thing  published, 
ing  iJfVb-lig'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
rfj^^'tpublic  ;  notoriety. 

Pub'li€-ly,  adv.  Openly. 
Pub'lish,  V.  t.     To  make 
known  or  public  ;  to  adver- 
tise, [publishes. 
Pub'lish-er,  n.     One  who 
Piib'lish-ment,  n.  Public  no- 
tice of  an  intended  mar- 
riage. 

Puck'er,  v.  t.  To  gather  into 
small  folds  or  wrinkles.  —  n. 
A  small  fold. 
Pud'ding,  n.    A  kind  of  food 
variously  compounded, 
'ud'dle,  n.    A  small  pool  of 
muddy  water. — v.  t.  To 
make  muddy  ;  to  render  im- 
pervious to  water  ;  to  de- 
prive of  carbon,  as  iron. 
Pu'er-ile,  a.    Childish  ;  boy- 
ish, [ness. 
Pii^er-iPi-ty,  n.  Childish- 
Pu-er'per-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  childbirth. 
Puff  (1),  «.  A  slight  blast  of 
wind ;  a  kind  of  light  pastry  ; 
exaggerated  commendation. 
—  V.  t.  or  i.  To  swell  with, 
wind ;  to  pant ;  to  praise  ex- 
travagantly. 
Puffy,  a.  Inflated ;  swollen ; 

bombastic.  [dog. 
Pug,  n.  A  monkey  or  little 
Pu'gil-ism,  n.     A  fighting 

with  the  fist ;  boxing. 
Pu'gil-ist,  n.  A  boxer. 
Pu/gil-ist'i€,  a.  Pertaining  to 

fighting  with  the  fist. 
Pug-na'cious,  a.  Inclined  to 
fight. 


Per- 
The 


serters,  &c.  ■    Pt6Pe-ma'i-e  (tol'-),  a.    Per-  fight. 

66n,  8r,  dg,  w^lf,  too,  tdbk ;  ffrn,  rue,  pyll ;  ^,  ^,  soft;  c,  g,  hard,-  ag  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 
14 


PUGNACITY 


210 


PURLOIN 


Pug-n3,Q'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 
to  fight. 

Puis'ne  (pQ/ne),  a.  Small ; 
younger  ;  inferior  in  rank. 

Pu'ls-sange,  n.  Power ; 
strength  ;  might. 

Pu'is-sant,  a.  Powerful  ; 
strong  ;  mighty.  [vomit. 

Puke ,  t' .  1 .  To  vomit.  —  n.  A 

Pule,  V.  i.  To  cry  and  whine 
like  a  child. 

Pull,  v,t.  To  pluck ;  to  draw. 
—  n.  Act  of  '^i^  jl' 
Polling.         iSyi  L^ll 

Pul'let,  n.  M 
young  hen.  nT 

Pul'ley  (19),  n.  U 
A  small  wheel  f|| 
in  a  block,  v 
with  a  groove  j| 
for  a  running  •  • 

cord.  Pulleys. 

Pul'mo-na-ry, )  a.  Pertain- 

Pul-m6n'i€,  j  ihg  to,  or  af- 
fecting, the  lungs. 

Pulp,  n.  The  soft,  juicy  part 
of  fruit.  —  V.  t.  To  deprive 
of  pulp. 

Pul'pit,  n.  An  elevated  sta- 
tion or  desk  for  a  preacher. 

Pulp'ous,  la.     Of,  or  like, 

Pulp'y,    j    pulp;  soft. 

Pul'sate,  V.  i.  To  throb,  as 
an  artery. 

Pul-sa'tion,  n.   A  throb. 

Pulse,  n.  A  beating  of  arte- 
ries ;  peas,  beans,  &c. 

PuPver-i-za'tion,  n.  A  re- 
ducing to  powder. 

Pui'ver-Ize,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  powder ;  to  comminute. 

Pul-v6r'u-lent,  a.  Consisting 
of,  or  like,  fine  powder. 

Pum'ige,  n.  A  porous  sub- 
stance ejected  from  volca- 
noes. 

Pump,  n.  An  engine  for  rais- 
ing water ;  a  low  shoe  with  a 
thin  sole.  —  v.  To  raise 
with  a  pump ;  to  draw  out. 

Pump'kin,  n.  A  well-known 
plant  and  its  fruit. 

Piin,  n.  A  word  or  expression 
with  two  meanings  ;  a  quib- 
ble. —  V.  i.  (7)  To  play  upon 
words. 

Punch,  n.  A  tool  for  making 
holes;  a  kind  of  liquor;  a 


buffoon ;  a  blow.  —  v.  t.  To 
thrust ;  to  perforate. 

Punch'eon  ( -un ),n.  A  tool ; 
a  cask  holding  84  or  120 
gallons. 

Pun^chi-nel'lo,  n.  A  buf- 
foon ;  a  character  in  a  pup- 
put-show,  [point. 

Pun-e-til'io  (18),  n.    A  nice 

Pune-til'ious,  a.  Exact  in 
ceremony  or  bargain ;  nice. 

Pun-e'to,  n.  A  nice  point  of 
form  or  ceremony  ;  a  punc- 
tilio ;  the  point  in  fencing. 

Pun-ct'u-al,  a.  Prompt ;  ex- 
act ;  strict ;  nice. 

Pun-eVu-aPi-ty,  n.  Scrupu- 
lous exactness  in  time. 

Pun€t'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  written  points. 

PuncVu-a'tion,  n.  Act  or 
aft  of  dividing  sentences  by 
means  of  points. 

Punet'ure,  n.  A  small  point 
or  hole.  —  v.  t.  To  prick 
with  a  pointed  instrument. 

Pun'dit,  n.  A  learned  JBmh- 
min.  I 

Pun'gen-cyl  t.  Sharpness. 

Pun'^ent,  a  I   Sharp  ;  acrid. 

Pu'ni-e,  n.  IVrtaining  to  Car- 
thage; faithless;  perfidious. 

Pun'ish,  V.  t.  To  intlict  pain 
on  for  an  offense.  —  Syn. 
To  correct ;  scourge  ;  chas- 
ten ;  castigate. 

Pun'ish-ment,  w.  Any  penal- 
ty inflicted  or  suffered  as  the 
reward  of  a  crime. 

Pu'ni-tive,  a.  Inflicting  pun- 
ishment. 

Pftnk,  n.  Substance  used  for 
tinder ;  a  strumpet. 

Pun'ster,  n.    One  who  puns. 

Punt,  n.  A  flat-bottomed  boat, 
used  for  various  purposes. 

Pu'ny,  a.    Little  and  weak. 

Pup,  n.  A  young  dog;  a 
whelp.  —  V.  i.  To  bring  forth 
puppies.  [chrysalis. 

Pu'pa,  n.  {pi.  Pu'pse.)  A 

Pu'pil,  n.  A  scholar  ;  apple 
of  the  eye. 

Pu'pil-age  (8),  n.  The  state 
of  a  pupil  or  scholar. 

Pup'pet,  n.  A  small  image 
moved  by  wires  ;  a  doll. 

Pup'py  (19),  n.  A  young  dog. 


Pup'py-ism,  n.  Cringing 
meanness;  coxcombry. 

Pur  (3),  V.  i.  To  murmur 
as  a  cat.  — n.  A  murmur- 
ing sound  made  by  cats. 

Pur'blind,  a.  Near-sighted. 

Pur'chas-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  purchased. 

Pur 'chase,  v.  t.  To  buy ;  to 
procure  ;  to  obtain  ;  to 
acquire. — n.  A  buying; 
thing  bought  ;  power  of  a 
lever.  [buys. 

Pur'cha-ser,  n.     One  who 

Pure,  a.  Clear;  unpolluted; 
real ;  genuine. 

Pure'ly  (10),  arlv.  In  a  pure 
manner ;  merely. 

Pur-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  cleans- 
ing or  clearing  from  a  crime. 

Pur'ga-tive,  a.  Cleansing ; 
cathartic.  —  n.  A  cathartic 
medicine. 

Pur'ga-to-ry,  n.  A  place  in 
which  some  persons  suppose 
the  souls  of  the  dead  are 
purified  by  punishment. 

Purge,  n.  A  cathartic  med- 
icine.—  V.  t.  To  cleanse;  to 
purify  ;  to  clear  from  guilt. 

Pu^ri-fi-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of  pu- 
rify ing  ;  a  cleansing. 

Pu'ri-fy,  r.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  grow  pure  or  clean  ;  to 
cleanse ;  to  refine. 

Pu'rism,  n.  Nicety,  especial- 
ly in  the  use  of  words. 

Pu'rist,  n.  One  nice  in  the 
choice  of  words. 

Pu'ri-tan,  n.  A  dissenter  from 
the  church  of  England  in 
the  16th  and  17th  centuries. 

Pu''ri-tan'i€,     \a.  Pertain- 

Pu^ri-tS-n'i-e-al,  j  ing  to  the 
Puritans  and  their  doc- 
trines;  rigid. 

Pu'ri-tan-i§m,  n.  The  no- 
tions or  practice  of  Puritans. 

PU'ri-ty  (11),  n.  State  of  being 
pure ;  cleanness ;  chastity. 

Pfirl,  V.  i-  To  flow  with  a 
gentle  noise.  —  n.  A  gentle 
murmur  of  a  stream  ;  a 
border ;  malt  liquor  spiced. 

Pur'lieu,  n.  Environs. 

Pfir'lin,  n.  A  timber  to  sup- 
port rafters.  [pilfer. 

Pur-loin',  v.  t.    To  steal ;  to 


a,  e,  T,  o,  u,  y ,  long ;  5,  e,  T,  5,  tt,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  ^H,  wh^it ;  Ore,  v§il,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


PURPLE 

Pur'ple,  a.  Red  tinged  with 
blue.  — n.  A  color  composed 
of  red  and  blue  ;  a  robe.  — 
V.  t.  To  color  with  purple. 

Pfir'port,  n.  That  which  is 
meant :  meaning ;  tendency. 
—  V.  t.  To  intend  ;  to  signify. 

Pur'pose,  n.  Object  to  be  ac- 
complished.—SYN.  Inten- 
tion ;  aim  ;  view  ;  end.  — 
V.  t.  To  intend  ;  to  design. 

Pur'pose-ly,  adv.  Inten- 
tionally ;  with  design. 

Purr.    See  Pur. 

Purse,  n.  A  small  money- 
bag.— V.  t.  To  put  in  a  purse. 

Purse'-proud,  a.  Proud  of 
wealth.  ship. 

Purs'er,  n.    Paymaster  of  a 

Pur-su'anQC,  n.  A  following ; 
profjecution ;  consequence. 

Pur-su'ant,  a.  Done  in  con- 
sequence. 

Pur-sue',  V.  t.  To  follow;  to 
chase.  —  i'.  i.  To  proceed, 
in  argument  or  discourse. 

Pur-su'er,  n.  One  who  pur- 
sues, chases,  or  follows. 

Pur-suit',  n.  Act  of  following ; 
chase;  course  of  business. 

Pur'sui-vant  (-swT-),  n.  A 
state  messenger. 

Purs'y,  a.  Fat  and  short- 
breathed,  [pus. 

Pu'ru-lenge,  n.  Generation  of 

Pu'ru-lent,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  pertaining  to,  pus. 

Pur-vey'  (-v.V),  v.  t.  To  fur- 
nish or  provide.  — v.  i.  To 
buy  provisions ;  to  cater. 

Pur-vey'or,  n.  One  who  pro- 
vides ;  a  caterer. 

Pur'view,  n.   The  body  of 


211 

a  statute  ;   limit ;   scope  ; 
sphere ;  extent. 
Pus,  n.  -Matter;  yellowish- 
white,  creamy  liquid  of  a 
sore. 

Push,  V.  t.  To  urge  or  impel. 
—  n.    An  urging  ;  a  thrust. 

Pu/sil-la-nim'i-ty ,  n.  Weak- 
ness of  mind  ;  cowardice  ; 
poltroonery. 

Pu'sil-lan'i-mous,  a.  Desti- 
tute of  courage.  —  Syn. 
Cowardly ;  dastardly. 

Puss,  n.  A  cat ;  a  hare. 

Pdst'ule,  n.  A  small  pimple 
containing  pus. 

Put,  V.  t.  [i7np.  &  p.  p.  PUT.] 
To  lay  in  a  place  ;  to  apply  : 
to  propose.  —  v.  i.  To  go  or 
move  ;  to  steer  ;  to  direct. 

Pu'ta-tive,  a.  Supposed. 

Put'log,  n.  A  short  piece  of 
timber  supporting  the  floor 
of  a  scaffold. 

Put'-6ff,  n.  A  shift  for  eva- 
sion or  delay  ;  a  subterfuge. 

Pu'tre-fa€'tion,  n.  Process 
of  decaying  or  rotting. 

Pu'tre-f4€'tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  tending  to  pro- 
mote, putrefaction ;  making 
rotten. 

Pu'tre-fy,  v.  t.  ov  i.  To  dis- 
solve or  rot,  as  organized 
matter.  [rotting. 

Pu-tres'Qenge,  n.    State  of 

Pu-tres'gent,  a.  Becoming 
putrid  or  rotten,  as  organ- 
ized bodies. 

Pii'trid,  a.  Decomposed  ; 
rotten. 

Pu-trid'i-ty,  )  n.  State  of 
Pu'trid-ness,  J  being  putrid. 


QUADRAT 

Piit'ty,  n.  A  kind  of  paste 
or  cement  of  whiting  and 
linseed  oil. 

Puz'zle,  n.  Perplexity  ;  a  toy 
which  perplexes.  —  v.  t.  To 
perplex,  as  the  mind  ;  to 
nonplus. 

Pyg-me'an,  a.  Dwarfish. 

Pyg'my  (19),  n.  A  dwart 
—  a.  Small 

Pyr'a-mid,  n. 
A  solid,  hav- 
ing a  rectilin-  /fl  M  ^ 
ear  base,  and  (a^|^<^|La^ 
its  sides  tri- 
angles  having  Pyramids, 
a  common  vertex. 

PiS^-ram'id-al,      I  a.  Having 

Pjfr/a-mid'i-c-al, )  the  form 
of  a  pyramid. 

Pyre,  n.    A  funeral  pile. 

P^r'i-form,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  pear. 

Py-ri'te§,  n.  A  combination 
of  sulphur  with  iron,  cop- 
per, cobalt,  or  nickel. 

Pyr^o-lig'ne-ous,  I  a.  Pro- 

Pyr^o-lig'ni^,  )  duced  by 
the  distillation  of  wood. 

Py-r6m'e-ter,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  measuring  high  de- 
grees of  heat. 

Pvr'o-te-eh'nies, )  n.  Art  of 

Pyr'o-teeh'ny,  )  making 
fire- works,  as  rockets,  &c. 

Pyr'o-te-eh'nist,  n.  One 
skilled  in  pyrotechny  ;  a 
manufacturer  of  fire-works. 

Pyx  (18),  n.  Among  Roman 
Catholics,  the  box  in  which 
the  host  is  kept ;  a  box  at 
the  English  mint  for  certain 
sample  coins. 


Q. 


QUACK  (5),  V.  i.     To  cry 
like  a  duck ;  to  boast.  — 
n.  A  pretender  to  medical 
skill.  [quack. 
Qu3,ck'er-y,  n.  Practice  of  a 
Quad'ra-^6s'i-m^,  n.  Lent. 


Quad'ran-gle,  n. 

A  plane  figure  of 
four  angles  and 
four  sides.  Quadrangle. 
Quad-ran'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
four  angles.  . 


Quad'rant  ( kwod'- ) , 

n'.     Quarter  of  a 

circle ;  arc  of  90*^  ; 

an  instrument  for  \^ 

taking  altitudes.  a,a,Quad- 
Quad'rat  (kwod^-),  rants. 


86n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  t<5bk;  iim,  rjje,  pyll;      ^,  soft,-  «,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  q  as  eg;  thja. 


QUADRATE 


212 


QUEER 


n.  A  low  piece  of  metal  to 
make  a  blank  space  ia  print- 
ing. 

Quad'rate,  a.  Square ;  suited. 
—  n.    A  square. 

Quad'rate,  v.  t.  To  square; 
to  fit ;  to  suit.      [a  square. 

Quad-rat'i€,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Quad'ra-ture,  n.  A  square ; 
the  finding  of  a  square  hav- 
ing the  same  area  as  a  given 
curvilinear  figure. 

Quad-ren'ni-al,  a.  Happen- 
ing once  in  four  years. 

Quad'ri-lat'er-al,   

a'.  Having  four  / 
sides  and  hence  / 

four  angles.  — n.  ^  ' 

A  plane  figure  Quadrilat- 
having  four  sides. 

Qua-drille'  (kwa-dril^  or  ka- 
drilO,  n.  A  kind  of  dance. 

Quad-rill'ion,  n.  A  million 
involved  to  the  fourth  pow- 
er ;  in  America,  a  thousand 
trillions. 

Quad-rip'ar-tite,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  four  parts. 

Quad^ri-syl'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
of  four  syllables. 

Quad'ri- valve,  n.  One  of  a 
set  of  four  leaves  serving  for 
a  door. 

Quad-ru'ma-nous,  a.  Hav- 
ing four  fet't  that  take  the 
place  of  hands. 

Quad'ru-ped,  n.  An  animal 
having  four  feet. 

Quad'ru-ple,  a.  Fourfold.— 
V.  t.    To  increase  fourfold. 

Quad-ru'pli-€ate,  a.  Four- 
fold. "        [make  fourfold. 

Quad-ru'pli-€ate,  v.  t.  To 

Quad-ru'pli-ea'tion,  n.  A 
making  fourfold. 

Quaff  (1),  V.  t.  To  drink 
largely  or  copiously  of. 

Quag'mire,  n.  Soft,  wetland 
that  shakes  under  the  feet. 

QuS,g'gy,  a.  Soft,  wet,  and 
yielding  to  the  feet. 

Quail,  n.  A  gallinaceous 
bird;  in  the  U.  S.,  the 
rulTed  grouse  — v.t.or  i.To 
become  quelled  ;  to  shrink ; 
to  cower. 

Quaint,  a.  Artificially  ele- 
gant ;  odd  and  antique.  — 


Syn.  Strange  ;  whimsical ; 
fanciful;  singular;  queer. 

Quaint'ly,  adv.  Ingenious- 
ly ;  fancifully  ;  oddly. 

Quaint'ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing quaint ;  oddness. 

Quake,  t\  i.  To  shake.  — n. 
A  shake ;  a  tremulous  agita- 
tion ;  a  shudder. 

Quak'er,  n.  One  of  the  so- 
ciety of  Friends. 

Quak'er-ism,  n.  System  of 
the  Quakers. 

Qual'i-fi'a-ble  (13),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  qualified  ;  abat- 
able. 

QuaPi-fi-ea'tion,  n.  That 
which  qualifies  ;  legal  requi- 
site ;  endowment ;  modifica- 
tion. 

QuaFi-fy,  v.  t.  To  fit;  to  pre- 
pare ;  to  modify ;  to  limit ; 
to  abate  ;  to  restrict. 
Qual'i-ty,  n.    Nature ;  char- 
acter ;  distinguishing  prop- 
erty ;  attribute  ;  high  rank. 
Qualm  (kwam),  n.  Sudden 
illness  ;  nausea  ;  a  throe  ; 
scruple  of  conscience. 
Qualm'ish  (kwam'-),  a.  Af- 
fected with  sickness  at  the 
stomach. 
Quan'da-ry,  or  Quan-da'ry, 
n.  State  of  diflicuity  or  per- 
plexity ;  uncertainty. 
Quan'ti-ty,  n.     Quality  of 
being  measurable  ;  a  certain 
extent,  sum,  or  portion  ; 
bulk  ;  measure,  amount. 
Quar'an-tme  (-teen),  n.  Pro- 
hibition of  intercourse  with 
the  shore,  to  which  an  in- 
fected ship  is  subjected. 
Quar'rel  (kwor^rel,  8),  n.  A 
breach  of  friendship  ;  an 
angry  contest.  —  v.  i.  To 
dispute ;  to  find  fault. 
Quar'rel-some,  a.  Inclined 

to  quarrel ;  contentious. 
Quar'ry   (kwor^ry),   n.  A 
mine  ;  game.  — v.  t.  To  dig 
or  take  from  a  quarry. 
Quart,  n.  Fourth  of  a  gallon. 
Quar'tan,  a.    Designating  a 
fourth. —  n.    An  ague  oc- 
curring every  fourth  day. 
Quar'ter,  n.    A  fourth  part 
oi  any  thing ;  8  bushels  ;  3 


months  ;  a  region  ;  mercy 
shown  to  an  enemy  ;  {pi.)  A 
station  occupied  by  troops. 
—  v.t.  To  divide  into  four 
parts  ;  to  lodge,  as  soldiers. 

Quar'ter-day,  n.  The  day 
that  completes  the  term  of 
three  months. 

Quar'ter-deck,  n.  Deck  of 
a  ship  from  the  mainmast 
to  the  stern. 

Quar'ter-ly,  a.  Happening 
every  three  months.  —  adv. 
Once  in  the  quarter  of  a 
year. —  n.  A  work  published 
four  times  a  year. 

Quar'ter-mas'ter,  n.  An 
officer  who  regulates  the 
quarters,  provisions,  &c., 
of  an  army. 

Quar'tern,  n.  Fourth  part  of 
a  pint ;  a  loaf  weighing  about 
four  pounds. 

Quar'ter-staff,  n.  A  stout 
staff  once  used  as  a  weapon 
of  defense. 

Quar-tette',  In.    A  musical 

Quar-tet',  )  composition 
in  four  parts,  or  the  four 
persons  who  perform  them. 

Quar'to,  n.  {pi.  Quar'to§, 
18. )  A  book  in  which  each 
sheet  is  folded  into  four 
leaves.  [silex. 

Quartz  (kworts),  n.  Pure 

Quash  (kwosh),  v.  t.  To 
crush  ;  to  subdue  ;  to  annul. 

Quas-sa'tion,  n.  A  shaking. 

Quas'si-a  (kwosh^i-a  or 
kwXsh'i-a),  n.  A  bitter  me- 
dicinal wood. 

Qua-ter'ni-on,  n.  The  num- 
ber four  ;  a  set  of  four  per- 
sons or  things. 

Qua'ver  (7),  f.  t.     To  shake 
the  voice.  —  n.   A  shake  of 
the  voice  ;  an  eighth  note. 
Quay  (k3),  n.  A  mole  or  bank 

by  the  water ;  a  wharf. 
Quean,  n.   A  low  woman  ;  a 
slut. 

uea'gy,  a.  Squeamish  ;  sick. 

ueen,  n.   The  consort  of  a 

king  ;  a  female  sovereign. 
Queen'-dow^a-ger,  n.  The 

widow  of  a  king. 
Queer,  a.      Odd ;  strange  ; 

singular  ;  quaint. 


a  6,  T,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  S,  6,  x,  6,  tt,  5',  short ;  care,  car, ask,  aU,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  t«rm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


QUEEKNESS 


213 


QUOTIENT 


Queer'ness,  n.  Oddity  ;  sin- 1 
gularity  ;  quaintness. 

Quell  {\\v.t.  To  crush  ;  to 
subdue ;  to  put  down ;  to 
allay  ;  to  appease. 

QuSnch,  v.t.  To  extinguish  ; 
to  repress  ;  to  allay. 

Qu6nch'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  being  quenched. 

Quer'Qit-ron,  n.  Dyer's  oak 
and  the  bark. 

Qne'rist,  n.  One  who  in- 
quires. 

Quern,  n.  A  hand-mill  for 
grinding  grain. 

Quer'u-lous,  a.  Habitually 
complaining. 

Quer'u-lous-ness,  n.  Dispo- 
sition to  complain. 

Que'ry  (19),  n.  A  question. 
—  V.  t.  To  ask  que.'^rions 
about.       [search  ;  request. 

Quest,  n.    Act  of  seeking  ; 

QuSs'tion  (k\v6st/yun),  n. 
Act  of  asking  ;  inquiry  ; 
doubt.  —  V.  t.  To  ask  ;  to 
interrogate  ;  to  doubt. 

Ques'tion-a-i)le ,  a.  Doubt- 
ful ;  uncertain  ;  suspicious. 

Ques'tion-er,  n.  One  who 
asks  questions  ;  an  inquirer. 

Quib'ble,  n.  An  evasion  of 
the  truth  ;  a  cavil ;  a  pun  ; 
a  low  concert.  —  v.  t.  To 
evade ;  to  pun. 

Quib'bler,  n.  One  who  quib- 
bles ;  a  punster. 

Quick,  a.  Moving  or  acting 
with  celerity  ;  living.  — 
Syn.  Swift ;  speedy.  —  adv. 
Soon  ;  hastily.  —  n.  Any 
sensible  part ;  living  flesh. 

Quick'en  (kwik^n),  v.  t.  To 
make  alive  ;  to  vivify  ;  to 
make  quick  or  rapid. 

Quick'lime,  n.  Lime  un- 
slacked.  [time, 
uick'ly,  adv.  In  a  short 
uick'ness,  n.  Speed;  haste, 
uick'-sand,  n.  A  mass  of 
loose  or  moving  sand  mixed 
with  water. 

Quick'set,  n.  A  living  shrub 
set  to  grow,  as  for  a  hedge. 

Qmck'sil-ver.  n.  Mercury. 

Quid,  n.  A  piece  of  tobacco 
for  chewing  ;  a  cud.  [ty. 

Quid'di-ty,  w.  A  tritlingnice- 


Quid'dle,  V.  i.  To  waste  time 
in  trifling  employments. 

Quid'nun€,  n.  One  curious 
to  know  every  thing  that 
passes  ;  a  gossip. 

QuI-es'genge,  n.  Rest  ;  re- 
pose ;  silence. 

Qui-es'Qent,  a.  At  rest ;  si- 
lent. 

Qui'et,  a.  Free  from  motion 
or  disturbance.  —  Syn. 
Still  ;  calm  ;  unmolested  ; 
tranquil.  — n.  Rest ;  tran- 
quillity.—  V.  t.  To  stop  mo- 
tion in  ;  to  calm. 

QuI'et-ism,  n.  Peace  of 
mind. " 

Qui'et-ly,  adv.  Calmly. 

QuPet-ness,n.  State  of  being 
quiet.  [lity. 

Qui'e-tude,  n.  Rest ;  tranquil- 

Qui-e'tus,  71.  Final  discharge  ; 
repose ;  death. 

Quill,  n.  A  large  strong 
feather ;  a  piece  of  reed.  — 
V.  t.  To  plait  or  form  with 
ridges,  like  quills. 

Quilt,  n.  A  padded  cover  for 
a  bed.  — v.  i.  To  stitch  to- 
gether with  some  warm  sub- 
stance between. 

Qui'na-ry,  a.  Consisting  of 
five  ;  arranged  by  fives. 

Quinge,  «.  A  small  tree  and 
its  fruit. 

Qui'mne,  or  Qui-mne',  n. 
An  alkaloid  obtained  from 
cinchona. 

Quin^qua-ges'i-ma,  n.  A 
Sunday  about  50  days  be- 
fore Easter.  [five  angles. 
uin-quan'gu-lar,a.  Having 
uin-quen'ni-al,-  a.  Occur- 
ring once  in  five  years. 

Quin'sy,  n.  Inflammation  of 
the  tonsils  or  throat. 

Quintal,  n.  A  weight  of  100 
or  112  pounds. 

Quin'tan,  n.  A  fever,  the 
paroxysms  of  which  return 
every  fifth  day. 

Quin-tes'sence,  n.  Fifth  or 
highest  essence  ;  best  or  es- 
sential part. 

Quin'tu-ple,  a.  Fivefold.  — 
V.  t.  To  make  fivefold. 

Quip,«.  A  sarcastic  taunt. — 
1'.  t.  or  i.  (7)  To  taunt. 


Quire,  n.  24  sheets  of  paper. 

Quirk,  n.  A  sudden  turn  ;  an 
artful  evasion  ;  a  retort. 

Quit,  V.  t.  To  leave  ;  to  for- 
sake. —  a.  Clear  ;  released  ; 
free  ;  absolved. 

Quit'«laim,  n.  Relinquish- 
ment of  a  claim  ;  a  deed  of 
release. —  v.  t.  To  release  or 
relinquish  a  claim  to  by 
deed. 

Quite,  adv.  Entirely  ;  wholly ; 
considerably. 

Quit'rent,  n.  A  rent  by  which 
a  tenant  is  discharged  fiom 
all  other  Fervice. 

Quit'tange,  n.  Di.^ charge  from, 
a  debt  ;  repaj  n.ent. 

Quiv'er,  n.  A  ca.'e  for  arrows. 
—  V.  i.  To  shake  ;  to  trem- 
ble, [extravagance. 

euix-6t'i-e,  a.  Romantic  to 
uix'ct-i^m,  n.  Romantic 
and  tib.vurd  notions. 
Quiz  (3,  7),  n.  A  riddle;  a 
puzzle;  an  odd  fellow. — 
V.  t.  To  puzzle ;  to  make 
sport  of  by  deceiving ;  to 
peer  at. 

Quoin  (kwoin  or  koin),  n.  A 
corner  ;  a  wedge. 

Quoit,  n.  A  hor?e-shoe.  flat 
stone,  or  the  like,  for  pitch- 
ing at  a  fixed  object.  —  i*.  i. 
To  play  at  quoits. 

Qu6n'd£m,  a.  Former. 

Quo'rum,  n.  A  bench  of  jus- 
tices ;  a  sufiicient  number 
for  transacting  business. 

Quo'ta,  n.  A  share  ;  propor- 
tional part. 

Quo'ta-tle,  a.  Capable  ot 
being  quoted.    '  ^ 

Quo-ta'tion,  n.  A  passage 
cited. 

Quote,  V.  t.  To  cite,  as  the 
words  of  another. 

Quoth  ( kwoth  or  kwuth),  v.  i. 
To  say  ;  to  speak  ;  —  UFed 
only  in  the  first  and  third 
persons  in  the  past  tense. 

Quo-tid'i-an,  a.  Occurring 
daily.  —  n.  A  fever  recur- 
ring daily. 

Quo'tient  (-shent),  n.  Num^ 
ber  resulting  from  the  divis- 
ion of  one  number  by  an- 
other. : 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  took  ;  iirn,  I'lie,  pnll ;  f ,  ^,  soft ;  -e,  g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


RABBET 


214 


RANCH 


E. 


RAB'BET,  V.  t.  To  cut 
or  pare  down,  as  the  edge 
of  a  board,  for  lapping.  — 
n.  A  groove  in  tiie  side  of 
a  bo  ird. 
Kab'bi  (or-bl,  18),  n.  A  Jew- 
ish teacher  or  doctor  of  the 
law. 

Rab-bm'i-e,      |  a.  Pertain- 

Ilab-bm'i€-al,  )  ing  to  rab- 
bi ns,  [iug  animal. 

Rab'bit,  n.   A  small  burrow- 

Rab'ble,  n.  A  tumultuous 
crowd  ;  a  mob.  [mad. 

Rab'id,  n.  Furious  ;  raging  ; 

Ka-e-eobn',  n  .  A  wild  animal 
of  North  America,  alUed  to 
the  bear. 

Hage  ( 18 ),  n.  A  running  in  a 
competition  ;  course  ;  a 
breed  ;  a  family  ;  a  peculiar 
flavor. —  V.  i.  To  run  or 
contend  in  running. 

Hage'-horse,  I  n.     A  horse 

Rag'er,  )  kept  for  run- 

ning in  contest. 

Ra-Qeme%  ?i.  A  cluster  of 
flowers  arranged  along  a 
stem.  [being  racy. 

Ra'Qi-ness,  n.    Quality  of 

K^k  (5),  n.  An  engine  of 
torture ;  extreme  pain  ;  a 
framework  on  whicli  thing.s 
are  laid  ;  thin,  flying  clouds. 
—  V.  t.  To  torture  ;  to 
ptrain  ;  to  draw  oIT  from 
the  lees. — v.  i.  To  move 
or  travel  with  a  quick 
amble.  [noise. 

Tlack'et,  n.      A  clattering 

iiack'-rent,  n.  An  annual 
rent  raised  to  the  utmost. 

Ka'gy,  «.  Tasting  of  the 
soil;  fre.sh  ;  distinctive;  pe- 
culiar and  piquant. 

Ea'di-ance,  n.  Sparkling 
brightness ;  brilliancy. 

Bydi-ant,  a.   Emitting  rays. 

Ra'di-atc,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  emit 
rays.  [rays 
Ra^di-a'tion,  n.  Emission  of 
Ra'di-a^tor,  n.   A  body  from 


which  rays  of  light  or  heat  | 
emanate. 

Rad'i-eal,  a.  Original ;  im- 
planted by  nature.  —  n. 
lioot  of  a  word  ;  a  thorough- 
going reformer. 

Rad'i-eal-ly,  arJv.  Original- 
ly ;  fundamentally. 

Rad'i-ele  (-kl),  n.  The  part 
of  a  seed  which  becomes  a 
root. 

Rad'ish,  n.    A  plant  and  its 

pungent,  edible  root. 
Ra'di-us,    n.    [pi.  /"T^ 

Ra'di-i.)  Half  of  f  /<±^> 

tlie  diameter  of  a    Vry  ) 

circle. 

Ra'dix,  M.  {pi-  Rad'-  Radius. 
i-Qe§.)  A  root. 

Raff  Sweepings;  refuse. 

Raf'fle,  t*.  i.  To  cast  dice  or 
draw  lots  for  a  prize.  —  w. 
A  kind  of  lottery. 

Raft,  n.   A  float  of  timber. 

Raft'er,  n.  One  of  the  roof- 
timbers  of  a  building. 

R^g,  n.  A  torn  piece  of  cloth  ; 
(  pi. )  worn-out  garments. 

Ras'a-muf/fin,  n.  A  paltry 
fellow  ;  a  mean  wretch. 

Rage,  n.  Violent  anger  ; 
fury  ;  wrath.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
in  a  fury  ;  to  fume. 

Rag'ged,  a.  Torn  into  tat- 
ters ;  dressed  in  tatters. 

Rag'ing  (11),  a.  Furious. 

Ra-gput'  ( ra-gcro/),  n.  A  high- 
ly seasoned  dish. 

Rail,  n.  A  bar  of  wood  or 
iron  ;  a  bird.  — v.  t.  (8)  To 
inclose  with  rails.  —  r.  /.  To 
utter  reproach  ;  to  scoff. 

Rail'ing,  n.  Insulting  lan- 
guage ;  a  series  of  rails. 

RaiJ'ier-y  (nlKler-y),  n.  Ban- 
ter ;'^u_g-ood-humored  pleas- 
antry^ or  slight  satire. 

R^,iVr5ad,  I  n.    A  road  laid 

RaiT'w^/',  5     with  iron  rails. 

Kai'm^nt,  n.  Clothing  in 
general ;  garments. 

Raki,  n.    Moisture  falling  in 


drops. — V.  i.  To  fall  in  drops 
from  the  clouds ,  as  water. 

Rain'bow,  n.  A  many-col- 
ored arch  formed  by  the 
suivs  rays  in  drops  of  rainj 
the  iris. 

Rain^y,  a.  Attended  or 
aboi^nding  with  rain. 

Raig^ei  t'.  t.  To  lift ;  to  erect; 
ioexSite  ;  to  levy.  [grape, 

Rai'sm^(ra.'zn),  n.    A  dried 

Rake ,  i^.  A  garden  or  farm- 
ing to<:^l ;  a  libertine.  —  r.  t. 
To  collect  with  a  rake ;  to 
sweep  with  cannon. 

Rak'ish,W.  Lewd;  debauched. 

Ral'ly,  Act  of  collecting 
disordered  troops ;  banter. 
—  V.  t.  (13)  To  attack  with 
raillery  ;  to  reunite.  — v.  i. 
To  come  back  to  order. 

RS,m,  n.  A  male  sheep  ;  a 
mechanical  contrivance.  — 
V.  t.  To  drive  or  thrust 
with  violence. 

Ram'ble,  n.  A  wandering 
about ;  an  irregular  excur- 
sion. —  V.  i.  To  rove  hither 
and  thither.  —  Syn.  To 
roam  ;  range  ;  wander. 

Ram'bling,  a.  Wandering. 

Ram/i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  A 
branching  ;  a  subdivision. 

Ram'i-fy,  v.t.ori.  To  sep- 
arate into  branches,  as  the 
stem  of  a  plant :  to  branch. 

Ram'mer,  r».  An  instrument 
for  ramming  or  driving. 

Ra-mcse',  i  a.   Consisting  or 

Ra'mous,  S  full  of  branches; 
branchy. 

Ramp'an-Qy,«.  Exuberance; 
extravagance. 

Ramp'ant,  a.  Exuberant ; 
wanton  ;  unrestrained. 

Ram'part,  n.  A  wall  or 
mound  round  a  place  for  de- 
fense, [loading  a  gun. 

Ram'rSd,  n.    A  rod  used  in 

Ran,  imp.  of  Run. 

Ran'cho,  I  n.  A  largo  farm- 
Ranch,    j      ing  establish- 


u,  c, I,  o,  u, y,  long /  ii, e,  i,  o,  tl,  5^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  nil,  whijt ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  p^que,  firm ; 


RANCHERO 


215 


RAVEN 


ment,  or  an.  establishment 
for  rearing  cattle  and  horses. 

Ran-che'ro  (-chri^ro),  n.  A 
Mexican  peasant  employed 
on  a  rancho  ;  a  herdsman. 

Ean'Qld,  a.  Having  a  strong, 
sour  smell ;  musty. 

Ean-Qid'i-ty,  I  n.  A  strong, 

Kan'gid-ness,  j    sour  smell. 

R^n'€or  (33),  n.  Malignity  ; 
inveterate  enmity. 

Ean'€or-oiis,  a.  Very  spite- 
ful ;  malignant ;  malevolent. 

ilan'd6m,n.  Course  without 
definite  direction.  —  a.  Left 
to  chance  ;  done  at  hazard. 

Sang,  old  imp.  of  Rin^. 

Kange,  n.  A  row ;  rank  ;  ex- 
cursion ;  extent ;  a  cooking 
apparatus. — v.  t.  To  place 
in  order.  —  v.  i.  To  rove  at  i 
large  ;  to  be  placed  in  order,  i 

Eank,  a.  Strong-scented  ;  ; 
hfgli-tasted  ;  luxuriant.  —  I 
M.  A  line  of  men  ;  row  ; 
class ;  order ;  degree  ;  dig- 
nity. —  V.  t.  To  place  in  a 
line  ;  to  dispose  methodical- 
ly. —  V.  i.  To  be  ranged  or 
set ;  to  have  a  certain  grade. 

Eank'le,  v.  i.  To  become  in- 
flamed or  violent ;  to  fester. 

Ran's^ck  (5),  v.  t.  To  search 
thoroughly  ;  to  pillage. 

Ran'som,  n.  Price  paid  to 
redeem  a  person  or  goods 
from  an  enemy.  — v.  t.  To 
redeem,  by  a  price. 

Rant,  n.  Extravagant  lan- 
guage.—  V.  i.   To  rave. 

Rant'er,  n.  A  boisterous  de- 
claimer ;  a  noisy  talker. 

Rap,  n.  A  quick,  smart  blow. 
—  V.  i.  or  t.  (7)  To  strike 
with  a  quick,  sharp  blow. 

Ra-pa'cious,  a.    Inclined  to 

t plunder  ;  greedy  ;  ravenous. 
Ra-pag'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 
to  plunder  ;  exorbitant  cov- 
etousness. 
Rape,  n.    A  seizing  by  vio- 
lence ;  carnal  knowledge  by 
force  ;  a  kind  of  cabbage. 
Rap'id,  a.  Swift ;  quick. 
Ra-pid'i-ty,  n.    Swiftness  of 

motion  ;  velocity  ;  haste. 
Rap'id-ly,  adv.  Swiftly. 
RS-p'id§,  n  .  pi.    Sudden  de- 


scent of  a  stream  without 
actual  water  fall. 

Ra'pi-er,  n.  A  light  sword 
with  a  very  narrow  blade. 

Rap'ine,  n.  Act  of  plunder- 
ing ;  spoliation  ;  pillage. 

Rap-pee',  n.  A  kind  of  snuff. 

Rap'per,  n.  One  who  raps  ; 
knocker  of  a  door. 

Rapt,  a,  Transported  in  ec- 
stasy ;  ravished. 

Rapt'ure,  n.  Extreme  joy ; 
ecstasy  ;  bliss. 

Ra,pt'ur-ous,  a.  Causing  rapt- 
ure ;  ecstatic  ;  blissful. 

Rare,  a.  Thin  ;  scattered  ; 
nearly  raw  ;  underdone. 

Rar^e-f^€'tion,«.  Actor  pro- 
cess of  rarefying  ;  expansion 
of  bodies. 

R^r'e-fy,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  become  thin  or  rare. 

Rare'ly,  adv.  Seldom  ;  not 
often  ;  finely  ;  nicely. 

Rarc'ness,  I  n.  State  of  being 

Rar'i-ty,  j  rare ;  uncom- 
monness ;  tliinness. 

Rare 'ripe,  a.  Early  ripe.  — 
n.  An  early  fruit. 

Ras'eal,  n.  A  dishonest  man  ; 
a  rogue. — a.  Mean ;  low  ;  dis- 
honest. 

Ras-eal'lion(-yun),  w..  Alow, 
mean  wretch. 

Ras-eal'i-ty,  n.  Mean  dis- 
honesty ;  base  fraud. 

R5,s'-cal-ly,  a.  Like  a  rascal ; 
dishonest ;  trickish. 

Rage,  1'.  t.    To  erase. 

Rash,  a.  Excessively  hasty 
or  incautious;  foolhardy. 

Rash'er,  n.  A  thin  slice  of 
bacon,    [thought;  hastily. 

Rash'ly,  adv.   AVithout  fore- 

Rash'ness,  n.  Inconsiderate 
haste  ;  heedlessness. 

Rasp,  n.  A  kind  of  coarse 
file  ;  a  grater.  —  r.  t.  To 
rub  or  grate  with  a  rasp. 

Rasp'ber-ry  (nW-),  n.  A  kind 
of  berry,  and  the  shrub  that 
bears  it.  _  [ure. 

Ra§'ure  (razh''ijr),  n.  Eras- 
Rat,  71.  A  well-known  ani- 
mal that  infests  houses. 

Rat'a-fi'a,n.  A  fine  spirituous 
liquor,  flavored  with  fruit. 

R^tch'et,  n.  A  bar  that  falls 


into  the  teeth  of  a  wheel  or 
rack  ;  a  pawl. 

Ratch'et-wheel,  n.  A  toothed 
wheel  with  a  lever  and  ratch- 
et for  moving  it  forward. 

Rate,  n.  A  price ;  degree ; 
value  ;  tax. —  v.  t.  To  value ; 
to  tax  ;  to  scold. 

Rath'er,  ac7i«.  More  willingly. 

R^Vi-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
ratifying,  or  sanctioning. 

Rat'i-fy  (13),  V.  t.  To  sanc- 
tion ;  to  settle ;  to  confirm. 

Ra'ti-O  (ra'shl-o  or  ra^sho), 
n.    Proportion  ;  rate. 

Ra,^ti-6Q'i-na'tion(riish/i-5s'- 
T-),  n.  Act  of  reasoning. 

Ra'tion  {or  nlsh^un),  n.  Al- 
lowance of  provisions. 

Ra'tion-al  (rtlsh/un-al),  a. 
Endowed  with  reason  ; 
agreeable  to  reason. 

Raaion-a'le  (rash^un-),  n. 
Detail  of  reasons. 

R5,'tion-al-ist  (rSsh/un-),  n. 
One  who  is  guided  solely  by 
reason. 

Raaion-3.1'i-ty  (rSsh/un-)  n. 

Quality  of  being  reasonable. 
R3,ts'bane,  n.  Poison  for  rats. 
Rat- tan',  n.  Stem  of  a  cane  or 

plant  growing  in  India. 
Rat'tirg,  n.  Act  of  deserting 
i    a  party. 

!  Rat'tle,  f .  To,  make  a  rapid 
succession  of  sh^rp  sounds  ; 
to  clatter. —n.  A  rapid 
succession  of  sharp  sound's ; 
a  toy  ;  {pi-)  the  croup. 

Rat'tle-snake,  n.  A  poison- 
ous serpent. 

Rau'gi-ty,  n.  Harshness  of 
sound ;  hoarseness. 

Rav'age,  v.  t.  To  lay  waste. 

—  Syn.  To  devastate  ; 
waste  ;  sack  ;  spoil  ;  ruin. 

—  n.   Waste;  plunder. 
Rave,  1'.  i.    To  be  delirious; 

to  talk  wildly. 

Rav'el  (8),  v.  t.  or  t.  To  dis- 
entangle ;  to  take  apart ;  to 
entangle ;  to  involve. 

Rave'lin  (rtlv/lin),  n.  A  de- 
tached work  in  fortifi.cation. 

Ra'ven  (-vn),n.  A  bird  of  a 
black  color,  allied  to  tho 
crow,  but  larger. 

Rav'en  (rav'n),  v.  i.    To  de- 


son,  or,  do,  W9lf,  to-Q,  tdTok ;  tirn,  rije,  pvill ;  9,     soft ;  €,  g.  hard;  a£  ;  exist ;     as  ng  }  &ii. 


KAYENOUS 


21G 


RECEIVER 


vour  greedily.  —  n.  Prey  ; 
plunder ;  rapine. 

Rav'en-ous,  a.  Voracious. 

Ra-vine' (-veenO,  w.  Along 
hollow  between  hills. 

Kav'ing,  a.  Furious. 

Iia.v'ish,  V.  t.  To  carry  away 
by  force  ;  to  transport  with 
delight ;  to  know  carnally  by 
force.        [ishing ;  ecstasy. 

!Rav'ish-ment,  n.  Act  of  rav- 

Eaw,  a.  Not  cooked  ;  crude  ; 
unripe  ;  unmanufactured  ; 
cold  and  damp ;  chilly  ;  bare 
of  skin ;  sore. 

Raw'boned,  a.  Having  little 
flesh  on  the  bones. 

Ray  (18),  n.  A  line  or  beam 
of  light ;  a  fish.  —  v.  t.  To 
shoot  forth.  [dark. 

Ray 'less,  a.  Without  a  ray  ; 

Raze,  r.  t.  To  lay  level  with 
the  ground;  to  demolish. 

Ra-zee',  n.  A  ship  of  war 
cut  down  to  an  inferior  rate. 
— V.  t.  (15)  To  reduce  in  size, 
as  a  vessel.       [for  shaving. 

Ra'zor,  n.    An  instrument 

Reach,  v.  t.  To  extend  to  ; 
to  arpve  at.  —  n.  Extent ; 
stretch  ;  expanse  ;  limit  ; 
power.  [over  again. 

Re-3,*t',  V.  i.   To  act  cr  do 

Re-a€'tion,n.  Counteraction. 

Re-5,<;t}'ive,         I  a.  Having 

Re-3.€'tion-r  ry, )  power  to 
react ;  tending  to  reaction. 

Read,  v.  t.  or  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
RE  A  V.  ( red ).  ]  To  peruse  •,  to 
knew  fully  ;  to  learn. 

Read'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  read ; 
worth  reading ;  legible. 

Read'er,  n.    One  who  reads. 

R6ad'i-lir,  adv.  Quickly  ; 
with  facility  ;  promptly. 

R6ad'i-i?tess,  n.  Willingness ; 
promptitude;  alacrity. 

Readying,  n.  Perusal ;  in- 
terpretation of  a  passage. 

Re^ad-mis'sion  (-mish/un), 
n.    Act  of  readmitting. 

Re'ad-mit'  {l),v.  t.  To  ad- 
mit a  second  time  or  again. 

RSad'y ,  a.  Prepared  ;  willing ; 
prompt ;  near  ;  easy  ;  on  the 
point  or  brink. 

Re'al,  a.  Having  positive  ex- 
istence ;  relating  to  things 


fixed  or  permanent.  —  SyN. 
Actual ;  true  ;  genuine. 

Re-al'i-ty,  n.  Certainty  ; 
that  which  is  real. 

Re^al-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
realizing,  or  making  real. 

Re'al-ize,  v.  t.  To  bring  into 
being  or  act ;  to  cause  to 
seem  real  ;  to  make  real ;  to 
understand  by  experience. 

Re'al-ly,  acZv.  In  fact;  truly. 

Realm,  n.  A  royal  jurisdic- 
tion ;  province ;  domain. 

Ream,  n.  A  bundle  of  20 
quires  of  paper. 

Re-an'i-mate,t;.  t.  To  restore 
to  life. 

Reap  (8),  v.  t.  or  i.  To  cut 
grain  with  a  sickle ;  to  ob- 
tain ;  to  get ;  to  receive. 

Reap'er,  n.  One  who  reaps. 

Re'ap-pear',  v.  i.  To  appear 
a  second  time  or  again. 

Re/ap-point',  v.  t.  To  ap- 
point again. 

Rear,  n.  The  part  behind. 
—  a.  Hindmost.  —  v.t.  To 
raise ;  to  bring  c^.  —  v.i.  To 
,  rise  up  on  the  hind  legs. 

Rear'-ad'mi-ral,  n.  An  offi- 
cer next  in  rank  after  a  vice- 
admiral. 

Rear'-guard,  n.  The  body 
that  marches  in  the  rear. 

Rear'ward,  n.  The  rear- 
guard ;  latter  part ;  end. 

Rea'gon  (-zn),  n.  Faculty  of 
judging,  or  its  due  exercise; 
motive ;  argument ;  ground ; 
end ;  cause.  —  v.  To  argue 
rationally ;  to  debate. 

Rea'§on-a-ble,  n.  Governed 
by  reason  ;  rational ;  just. 

Rea'§on-a-bly,  adv.  Agree- 
ably to  reason ;  moderately. 

Rea'son-er,  n.  One  who  rea- 
sons or  argues. 

Rea'gon-ing,  n.  Act  of  using 
the  faculty  of  reason. 

Re^as-sume',  V.  t.  To  assume 
again  ;  to  resume. 

Re'as-sure'  (-shiirO,  v.  t.  To 
assure  again ;  to  free  from 
fear.  [duction. 
I  Re-bate',  n.  Abatement;  de- 
I  Re'be-e,  n.  A  musical  instru- 
I  ment  formerly  in  use. 
!  Reb'el,  n.    One  who  opposes 


lawful  authority.  —  a.  Act- 
ing in  revolt ;  rebellious. 

Re-bel'(7),  v.  i.  To  rise  in 
opposition  to  lawful  au- 
thority ;  to  revolt. 

Re-bell'ion  (-yun),  n.  Open 
opposition  to  lawful  author- 
ity. 

Re-bell'ious,  a.  Engaged  in 
rebellion. 

Re-bound',  v.  i.  To  spring 
or  start  back. — n.  Act  of 
springing  back. 

Re-buff,  n.  A  sudden  check. 
—  V.  t.   To  check  suddenly. 

Re-buke',  v.  t.  To  chide;  to 
reprove.  —  n.  Reproof. 

Re'bus  (18),  n.  A  kind  of 
pictorial  riddle. 

Re-but',  V.  t.    To  repel. 

Re-but'ter,  n.  Answer  of  a 
defendant  to  a  plaintiff's  sur- 
rejoinder. 

Re-call',  V.  t.  To  call  or  take 
back.  —  n.  A  calling  back  ; 
revocation. 

Re-eant',  v.  t.  To  retract  an 
opinion  or  declaration. 

Re^-ean-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
canting ;  retraction. 

Re^-ea-pit'u-late,  v.t.  To  re- 
peat in  a  summary  way.  — 
Syn.  To  reiterate ;  rehearse. 

Re/^a-pit^u-la'tion,  n.  A 
summary  ;  a  recapitulating. 

Re^-ea-pifu-la-to-ry,  a.  Re- 
peating again. 

Re-e5p'tion,  n.    A  reprisal. 

Re-€^pt'ure,  n.  Act  of  re- 
taking ;  a  prize  retaken.  — 
V.  t.    To  retake, 

Re-€ast',  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
RECAST.]  To  cost  or  mold 
a  second  time. 

Re-gede',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  draw 
back  ;  to  retreat ;  to  desist. 

Re-Qeipt'  (-seef),  n-  Recep- 
tion ;  a  writing  to  show  that 
something  has  been  re- 
ceived.—  V  t.  To  give  a 
written  acknowledgment  for 
something  received. 
"Re-geiv'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  received. 

Re-geive',  v.  t.  To  take,  as 
something  that  is  offered. 

Re-geiv'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives ;  a  chemical  vessel. 


a,  5, 1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  .'i,  e,  i ,  o,  ti, ^ ,  short ;  care,  car,  usk,  all,  wh:it ;  ere,  vgil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  iTrm  ; 


RECENCY 


217 


RECRIMINATION 


Re'gen-Qy,  n.  State  of  being 
recent ;  newness  ;  freshness. 

Re-gen'sion,  n.  Examina- 
tion ;  editorial  review  of  a 
text;  an  edited  version. 

Re'gent,  a.  New  ;  late ;  fresh. 

Re'Qent-ly,  adv.  Newly  ; 
lately. 

Re-Qep'ta-€le,  n.  A  place  to 
receive  things  in. 

Re-Qep'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
ceiving ;  admission. 

Re-Q8p'tive,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  receiving. 

Re-gSss',  n.  A  withdrawing ; 
privacy  ;  retreat ;  intermis- 
sion or  suspension  ;  a  niche 
or  alcove. 

Re-g3S'sion(-s6sh''un),n.  Act 
of  ceding  back. 

Re-charge',  v.  t.  To  charge 
or  attack  anew. 

Recherch6  (ru-shar^sha'),  a. 
Sought  out  with  care ;  nice. 

R§g'i-pe,  n.  A  prescription  ; 
esp.,  a  medical  prescription. 

Re-^ip'i-ent,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives ;  a  receiver. 

Re-gip'ro-eal,  a.  Mutually 
interchangeable;  acting  in 
return  ;  given  and  received. 

Re-gip'ro-cal-ly,  adv.  So 
that  each  affects  and  is  af- 
fected by  the  other. 

Re-gip'ro-€ate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
act  by  turns  ;  to  alternate. 

Re-gip^ro-€a'tion,  n.  A  giv- 
ing and  receiving  in  return. 

R§g'i-pr6g'i-ty,n.  Reciprocal 

t  obligations,  advantages,  or 
rights. 

Re-git'al  (11),  n.  Repetition 
of  words  of  another,  or  of  a 
writing.  —  Syn.  Rehearsal ; 
recitation ;  account. 

Reg'i-ta'tion,  n.  Rehearsal ; 
repetition  ;  a  public  reading. 

Reg'i-ta-tive',  n.  A  kind  of 
musical  recitation. 

Re-gite',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  tell 
over  ;  to  repeat ;  to  rehearse. 

Reck'less,  a.  Careless  of 
consequences  ;  heedless. 

RS^k'on  (rek'n),  v.  To  num- 
ber ;  to  compute  ;  to  esteem. 

Re-ek'on-ing,  n.  Computa- 
tion :  bill  of  expenses. 

Re-€laim',  v.  t.  To  recover  ; 


to  reform  ;  to  restore  to  use, 
as  submerged  land. 

Re-€laim'ant,  n.  One  who 
reclaims. 

Re€'la-ma'tion,  w.  Recovery ; 
demand  of  something  to  be 
restored.  [reclining. 

Re€'li-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Re-eline',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  lean 
back  ;  to  rest ;  to  repose. 

Re-€liise',  a.  Living  in  re- 
tirement;  soHtary. —  n.  One 
who  lives  in  retirement  from 
society.  [tirement. 

Re-elu'§ion,  «.    State  of  re- 

Re-e'og-ni'tion  (-nlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  recognizing  ;  ac- 
knowledgment ;  avowal. 

R§€'og-mz''a-ble,  or  Re- 
■e6g'ni-za-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  recognized. 

Re-€6g'ni-z§,nge,  n.  Bond 
of  record  ;  an  obligation. 

Re€'og-nIze,  v.  t.  To  know 
again  ;  to  acknowledge. 

Re-ooil',  V.  i.  To  start  or  fall 
back.  —  n.  A  movement 
backward  ;  resilience. 

Re-e'ol-16€t',  v.  t.  To  recall 
or  bring  to  mind. 

Re^€ol-le-ct',  V.  t.  To  collect 
again. 

Re€'ol-le-e'tion,  n.  A  recall- 
ing ;  remembrance. 

Re'€oni-inenge',  v.  t.  To 
commence  or  begin  anew. 

Re€/om-mgnd',  f.  t.  To  com- 
mend to  the  favorable  notice 
of  another  ;  to  praise  ;  to  ad- 
vise. 

Re€'om-mend-a'tion,n.  Act 
of  praising  ;  that  which  com- 
mends to  favor ;  commenda- 
tion ;  act  of  advising. 

R9€'om-inend'a-to-ry,  a. 
Serving  to  recommend. 

Re'-eom-mit',  v.  t.  To  commit 
anew. 

Re'-com-mit'ment,  (  n.  A 

Re'-com-mit'tal,  f  second 
or  renewed  commitment. 

Re-e'om-pense,  n.  Reward ; 
compensation;  pay.  —  v.  t. 
To  repay  ;  to  reward . 

Re'-eom-pose',i'.  To  com- 
pose anew";  to  settle  anew. 

Re-e'on-gTPa-ble.  a.  Capable 
I     of  being  reconciled. 


R6€'on-gile',  v,  t.  To  con- 
ciliate anew  ;  to  make  cou- 
sistent ;  to  adjust ;  to  settle. 

Re€'on-giPi-a'tion,  n.  Re- 
neNval  of  friendship 

Re€'on-dite,  a.  Secret ;  hid- 
den ;  abstruse ;  profound. 

Re-€6n'nais-sange,  I  n.  Ex- 

Re-e6n'nois-sange,  )  amina- 
tion  of  a  tract  of  country, 
usually  for  warlike  pur- 
poses. 

Re^€on-noi'ter,  v.  t.  To  sur- 
vey ;  to  view  ;  to  examine. 

Re-e6n'quer  (-konk/er),  v.  t. 
To  ("onquer  again  ;  to  re- 
cover ;  to  regain. 

Re'eon-sid'er,  v.  t.  To  con- 
tider  again  ;  to  review. 

Re/-eon-sid''er-a'tion,  w.  Re- 
newed consideration. 

Re-cord',  v.  t.  To  register  ; 
to  enroll. 

Re€'ord,  n.  Register  ;  au- 
thentic memorial. 

Re-c6rd'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
cords or  keeps  records. 

Re-count',  v.  t.  To  relate  in 
detail ;  to  rehearse. 

Re-course',  n.  Application, 
as  for  help. 

Re-c6v'er  (-kuv/er).  v.  t.  To 
regain  ;  to  win  back.  —  v.  i. 
To  regain  health. 

Re-€6v'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  recovered. 

Re-eov'er-y,  n.  Act  of  re- 
covering; restoration. 

Re€'re-ant,  a.  Apostate  ; 
false  ;  cowardly.  —  n.  An 
apostate  ;  a  coward. 

Re€'re-ate,  v.  t.  To  refresh, 
after  labor  ;  to  amuse. 

Re-'-ere-ate',  v.  t.*  To  creat^^ 
or  form  anew. 

Ree're-a'tion,  n.  Amuse-:;, 
ment ;  relief  from  toil. 

Re-c're-ment,  n.  Refuse  ; 
dross  ;  scoria. 

Re-c^re-menfal  ) 

Re-e^re-men-ti'tious ) 
(-tish'us),  a.    Drossy;  su- 
perfluous. 

Re-€rim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  ac- 
cuse in  return. 

Re-crim''i-na'tion,  n.  Return v; 
of  one  accusation  with  an-, 
other ;  a  counter-accusation. 


Bon,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  tcTo,  took  ;  tirn,  rjje,  pi^ll ;  9,     soft ;     g,  Jmrd ;      ;  exist ;  a  as  ng  ;  this* 


BECRIMINATOEY 


218 


EEFINED 


E,e-«rim'i-na''to-ry,  a.  Re- 
torting accusation. 

Be-cruit',  i-  To  gain  new 
supplies  of  anything  wasted. 
—  f.  t.  To  supply  deficiency 
in,  as  of  troops. —  n.  A  new- 
ly-enlisted soidier. 

Ee€t'an-gle,  n.  A  i  I 

right  angled  par-  I  I 

allelogram.  Rectangle. 

Re€t-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
right  angles.  [correcting. 

Re-c^ti-fi-ea'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Re€'ti-fy  ( 18),  v.  t.  To  cor- 
rect; to  refine  by  repeated 
distillation. 

RSeai-iin'e-al,  1  a.  Consist- 

Re€'ti-lin'e-ar, )  ing  of 
right  lines. 

E,e€'ti-tude,  «.  Uprightness. 

Re^J'tor,  n.  A  minister  of  a 
parish  ;  ruler  or  governor. 

Rec'tor-ship,  n.  The  rank  or 
office  of  a  rector. 

Re^'tor-y,  n.  The  mansion 
of  a  rector  ;  a  parish 
church. 

Re€'tum,  n.  The  terminal 
part  of  the  large  intestines. 

Re-eum'ben-gy,  n.  A  lying 
down  ;  repose. 

Re-eum'bent,  a.  Reclining ; 
leaning. 

Re-cu'per-ate,  i;.  To  recover 
health. 

Re-eu'per-a-tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  tending  to,  recov- 
ery. 

Re-eur'  (7),  v.i.  To  resort ; 
to  return  again  or  repeated- 
ly ;  to  come  back. 

Re-eur'renge,  n.  A  recur- 
ring; return  ;  resort,  [back, 
e-eur'rent,  a.  Running 

Re-cu'sant,  a.  Refusing  to 
conform. — n.  One  who  re- 
fuses to  conform  to  the  es- 
tablished church. 

Red,  a.  Of  a  bright  color  ;  like 
blood.  —  n.  Color  of  blood, 
or  a  tint  resembling  it. 

Re-dan',  n.  A  kind  of  ram- 
part or  fortification. 

Red'den,  v.  t.  or  ?.  To  make 
or  grow  red  ;  to  blush. 

Rcd'dish,  a.    Somewhat  red. 

Re-decm', t.  To  i)urch;iso 
bade  ;  to  ransom  ;  to  rescue. 


Re-deem'er,  n.  One  who  ran- 
soms ;  specifically  the  Savior. 

Re-demp'tion,  n  .  Act  of  re- 
deeming ;  repurchase  ;  ran- 
som ;  rescue;  deliverance. 

Red'-gum,  n.  An  eruption 
of  red  pimples  in  children. 

R6d'-h6t,  a.  Heated  to  red- 
ness, [new. 

Re-din'te-grate,  v.  t.  To  re- 

Red'ness,w.  The  quality  of 
being  red  ;  red  color. 

Red'o-ienge,  n.  Sweet  scent. 

Red'o-lent,  a.  Diffusing  a 
sweet  scent ;  odorous. 

Re-doub'ie  (-dtib/1),  v.  t.  To 
increase  by  doubling. 

Re-doubt'  (-dowt/j,  n.  An 
outwork  within  another  out- 
work in  fortifications. 

Re-doubt'a-ble  (-dowt^-),  a. 
Formidable ;  valiant. 

Re-dound',  v.  i.  To  conduce. 

Re-dress',  c.  t.  To  set  right ; 
to  deliver  from  wrongs,  &c 
—  n.  Deliverance  from 
wrong  or  injury. 

Red'top,  n.   A  kind  of  grass. 

Re-duge',  v.  t.  To  convert ; 
to  lower ;  to  subdue  ;  to 
change  without  alteration 
of  value. 

Re-du'gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  reduced. 

Re-du.€'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
ducing; the  changing  of 
numbers  from  one  denomi- 
nation to  another  without 
altering  their  value. 

Re-du-e'tive,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  reduce, 

Re-dun'dange,  n.  Superflu- 
ous quantity  ;  excess. 

Re-dun'dant,a.  Superabun- 
dant ;  exuberant. 

Re-du'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  re- 
double ;  to  multiply  ;  to  re- 
peat the  first  letter  or  letters 
of.  [redoubling. 

Re-du^pli-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of 

Rc-e€h'o,  V.  t:  or  i.  To  echo 
back  again. 

Reed,  n.  A  hollow  jointed 
stalk  ;  a  musical  pipe. 

Keed'y,  a.    Full  of  reeds. 

Reef,  r .  t.  To  draw  in  and  fold 
up,  as  sails.  —  n.  Folded 
portion  of  a  sail ;  a  chain  of 


rocks  lying  at  or  near  the 
surface  of  water. 

Reek,  n.     Steam ;  vapor 
smoke. —  v.  i.  To  send  forth 
steam  or  vapor. 

Reek'y,  a.  Smoky  ;  dark. 

Reel,  n.  A  frame  to  v.iud  yarn 
or  thread  on  ;  a  dance.  — 
V.  To  wind  on  a  reel ;  to 
stagger.  [again. 

Re/-e-l8€t',  V.  t.    To  elect 

Re''-e-le-e'tion,n.  A  second  or 
repeated  election. 

Re'-em-bark',  v.  t.  ori.  To 
embark  again.  [anew. 

Re''-e-na€t',  v.  t.    To  enact 

Re^-en-a-efment,  n.  The  re- 
newal of  a  law. 

Re'-en- forge',  v.  t.  To 
strengthen  with  new  force. 

Re^-en-forge'ment, «.  Addi- 
tional supply,  particularly 
of  troops  and  ships. 

Re/-en-gage',r.  t.  To  engage 
a  second  time.  [again. 

Re^-en-list',  v.     To  enlist 

Re-en'ter,  v.  t.  To  enter 
again. 

Re-en'trange,  n.  Act  of  en- 
tering again. 

Re^-es-tab'lish,  i\  t.  To  es- 
tablish again. 

Reeve,  v.  t.  To  pass  the  end 
of,  as  of  a  rope,  through  a 
block,  thimble.  &c. 

Re^-ex-am'ine,  r.  To  ex- 
amine again  or  anew. 

Re-fS€'tion,n.  Refreshment; 
a  simple  repast. 

Re-fe€'to-ry,  n.  A  hall  or 
room  for  refreshment. 

Re-fer'  (7),  r.  or  To  send 
back  ;  to  direct  attention  ; 
to  have  recourse. 

Ref'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  referred ;  assignable. 

Ref/er-ee'  (18),  n.  One  to 
whom  something  is  referred. 

Ref  er-enge,  n.  Act  of  refer- 
ring ;  respect;  relation. 

R§f/er-gn'tial,  a.  Containing 
a  reference. 

Re-fSr'ri-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  referred ;  referable. 

Re-fine',^'.  t.  or  i.  To  clear 
from  impurities  ;  to  polish  ) 
to  purify  ;  to  grow  pure. 

Re-fined',  a.  Freed  fc^m  ex- 


a,  5, 1,  o,  u,  y,long ;  a,  e,  I,  6,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh.at ;  Cre,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm; 


REFINEMENT 


219        '  REGULATION 


traneous  matter. — Syn.  Pu- 
rified ;  polished  ;  polite. 

Ke-fme'ment,  n.  Act  of  re- 
fining ;  polish  of  manners. 

Re-im'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  refines. 

Re-f  in'er-y,  n.  A  place  and 
apparatus  for  refining. 

Re-fit',  r.  t.  or  i.    To  repair. 

Re-fle€t',  V.  To  bend  or 
throw  back  ;  to  consider  at- 
tentively ;  to  cast  reproach. 

Re-fle€'tion(27),  n.  Act  of  re- 
flecting; attentive  consider- 
ation ;  censure  ;  that  which 
is  produced  by  reflecting. 

Re-fle-et'ive,  a.  Throwing 
back  ima;^es ;  musing. 

Rc-fle-ct'or,  n.  That  which 
reflects  ;  a  polished  surface. 

Re'flex,  a.  Directed  back- 
ward ;  retroactive.  [back. 

Eef'lu-enre,  n.     A  flowing 

Re'fliix,  n.  A  flowing  back  of 
water  ;  ebb. 

Re -form',  v.  t.  To  correct ; 
to  amend. — n.  Amend- 
ment ;  reformation. 

Re-f  3rm',  v.  t.  To  form  anew. 

Rcf/or-ma'tion,  7?.  Act  of  re- 
forming ;  amendment. 

Re^for-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
forming  anew. 

Re-form'a-to-ry,  a.  Tending 
to  produce  reformation. 

Re-form'er,  n.  One  who  pro- 
motes reform. 

Re-fra-ct',  V.  t.  To  break  the 
direct  course  of. 

Re-fra€'tion,  h.  Deviation 
from  a  direct  course. 

Re-fra-et'ive,a.  Uavingpow- 
er  to  refract.  [nacy. 

Re-fra€'to-ri-ness,  w.  Obsti- 

Re-fra€'to-ry,  a.  Perverse ; 
obstinate  ;  contumacious. 

Ref'ra-ga-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  refuted ;  refutable. 

Re-frain',  v.  t.  or  i.    To  ab- 
stain ;  to  forbear.  —  n.  Bur- 
den of  a  song. 
Re-fran/gi-bil'i-ty,M.  Capa- 
bility of  being  refracted. 
Re-fran'gi-ble,a.  Capable  of 

being  refracted. 
Re-frssh',  v.  c  To  revive  ;  to 
cool ;  to  relieve.  [cooling. 
Re-fresh'ing,  a.    Reviving ; 


Re-frgsh'ment,  n.    Act  of  j 

refreshing  :  that  which  re-  j 
freshes  ;  relief  ;  rest;  food.  ! 

Re-frig'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  cool.  I 

Re-frig'er-a'tion,  n.  A  cool-  ^ 
ing  :  abatement  of  heat. 

Re-frig'er-a'tor,  n.  A  tight 
box  for  keeping  things  cool  i 
by  means  of  ic  e.  | 

Re-frig'er-a-to-ry,  a.  Cool- 
ing ;  mitigating  heat.  | 

Refuge,  n.    A  shelter  from 
danger :  asylum  ;  sanctuary,' 
expedient  to  secure  protec-  j 
tion  or  defense.  i 

Ref'u-gee'  (18),  n.    One  who  ' 
flees  for  safety  to  a  foreign 
power  or  country.  ' 

Ee-ful'gen^e,  \n.    A  flood 

Re-ful'gen-Qy,  I    of  light.  < 

Re-ful'gent,  a.  Casting  a 
bright  light ;  splendid  ;  ra- 
diant, [to  repay. 

Re-fund',  v.  t.   To  pay  back  ; 

Re-fu'sal,  n.  Act  of  refusing  ; 
denial ;  rejection  ;  right  of 
choice ;  option. 

Re-fu§e',  V  t.  To  deny  ;  to 
reject.  —  V.  i.  To  decline  to 
accept  some  thing  ofiered. 

Refuse,  n.  Worthless  re- 
mains.— a.  Rejected  ;  worth- 
less ;  of  no  value,  [futing. 

Ref/u-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of  re- 

Re-fute',  V.  t.  To  prove  false. 

Re-gain',  v.  t.  To  obtain 
again  ;  to  recover. 

Re'gal,a.  Royal;  kingly. 

Re-gale',  r.  /.  To  refresh  ;  to 
entertain  delightfully. 

Re-ga'li-a,  v .  pL  Ensigns  of 
royalty,  as  the  crown,  scep- 
ter, &c.  ;  insignia. 

Re-gal'i-ty,  n.  Royalty. 

Re'gal-ly,  adv.  As  befits  a 
sovereign  ;  royally. 

Re-gard',  v.  t.  To  observe  ; 
to'heed  ;  to  esteem.  —  n.  At- 
tention ;  esteem  ;  eminence. 

Re-gard'less,  a.    Heedless  ; 

careless  ;  indifferent. 
Re-gat'ta,  n.      A  rowing 

match  ;  a  boat-race. 
Re'gen-gy,  n.  Government  by 

a  reirent. 
Re-f  6n'er-ate,  v.  t.    To  pro- 
duce finew ;  to  renew  as  to 
the  spiritual  nature. 


Re-gen'er-ate,    a.  Born 

anew  ;  renewed. 
Re-gen'er-a'tion,  n.  The 

new  birth;  reproduction. 
Re-gen'er-a-tive,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  regeneration. 
Re'gent,.  n .  One  who  governs 
in  the  place  of  a  king;  a 
ruler.  —  a.  Ruling. 
Reg'i-cide,  n.    The  killer  or 

the  killing  of  a  king. 
Regime  (ra-zhemi/),  w.  Mode 
of  rule  or  management ;  ad- 
ministration. 
Reg'i-men, w.  Aruleofdiet; 

(  Gram.)  government. 
Reg'i-ment,  «.    A  body  of 

troops  under  a  colonel. 
Reg'i-ment'al,  a.  Belonging 

to  a  regiment. 
Reg'i-ment'alg.  n.  pi.  The 

uniform  of  a  regiment. 
Re'gicn  (rC'jun),w.    A  tract 

of  land  ;  a  countr}'. 
Reg'is-ter,  n.    A  catalogue  ; 
list  ;   record  ;  keeper  of  a 
record  ;  a  sliding  plate  in  a 
stove,  &c. — V.  t.    To  re- 
cord ;  to  enroll, 
j  Reg'is-trsr,  n.     An  officer 
I     who  keeps  public  records. 
Reg'is-tra'ticn,  n.    Act  of 
registering ;  enrollment. 
I  Reg'is-try,n.  A  registering ; 
i     record.  [ing. 

Reg'nant,  a.  Reigning  :  rul- 
j  Re'gress,  n.    Return  ;  power 

of  returning. 
I  Re-gres'sicn  (-gresh/un),  n. 
!     Act  of  passingback  ;  return. 
Re-gret',  n.   Pain  of  mind  at 
something  causing  imhnppi- 
ness ;   sorrow  for  the  past. 
—  Syn.     Remorse:  repent- 
ance. —  V.  t.  To  feel  sorrow 
for  ;  to  lamient  the  loss  of. 
Reg'u-lar,  a.    Agreeable  to 
rule  ;  stated  ;  orderly  ;  nor- 
mal. —  n.  A  soldier  of  a  per- 
manent or  standing  army. 
Reg^u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Certain 
order  ;  m.ethod  ;  uniformity. 
Reg'u-lar-ly,  adv.  Statedly. 
Reg'u-late,  v.  t.  To  adji^st  by 
rule,  method,  or  established 
mode  :  to  n^ethodize. 
Reg^u-la'ticn,  v.  Act  of  reg- 
ulating :  prescribed  rule.  J 


son,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  took  ;  vim,  rije,  pi,ill ;  f ,     soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;      ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  tliis. 


REGULATOR 


220 


REMEMBRANCE 


Rgg'u-la^tor,  n.  He  who,  or 
that  which,  regulates. 

Re-gur'gi-tate,  r.  t.  To 
throw  or  pour  back. 

Ee^ha-bil'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  re- 
store to  a  forfeited  right  or 
rank  ;  to  reinstate. 

Re/ha-biM-ta'tion,  n.  Res- 
toration to  former  rights. 

Re-hears'al,  n.  Recital;  pre- 
paratory repetition. 

Re-hearse/,  v.  t.  To  narrate ; 
to  recite  before  exhibition. 

Reign  (ran),  n.  Royal  author- 
ity or  government ;  preva- 
lence ;  controlling  influence. 
—  V.  I.    To  rule. 

Re^im-burse',  V.     To  repay. 

Re'im-burse'ment,  n.  A  re- 
funding ;  repayment. 

Rein  (r;ui),  n.  Strap  of  a  bri- 
dle ;  restraint, — v.  t.  To 
guide  or  govern  by  a  bridle  ; 
to  restrain, 

Rein'deerfran^-),  ^^^g- 
n.  An  animal  of  t^T^^^ 
the  deer  kind.  ^^if^f^ 

Reins,  n.  pi.  The  '^^^^ 
kidneys.  ^  .  7 

ReWtate',t;.i.  R^^^^eer. 
To  replace  in  possession. 

Re^in-sure'  (-shijr/),  '>^-  t.  To 
insure  by  other  underwrit- 
ers. 

Re-it'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  repeat ; 
to  do  again.  [tion. 

Re-it'er-a'tion,  n.  Repeti- 

Re-ject',  V.  t.  To  cast  off;  to 
discard  ;  to  refuse.  [ing- 

Re-.ie€'tion,  w.  Act  of  reject- 

Ke-joige',  i.  or  t.  To  be  or 
make  very  glad  ;  to  gladden. 

Re-joig'ing,  n.  Expression  of 
joy  ;  exultation.  [again. 

Re-join',  r.  t.  or  i.    To  join 

Re  join'der,  n.  An  answer  ; 
esp.  an  answer  to  a  reply. 

Re-ju've-nate,  v.  t.  To  ren- 
der young  again. 

R3-ju^ve-nSs'QenQe,  n.  A 
being  young  again, 
I  Re-km'dle,  v.  t.    To  kindle 

ag.iin  ;  to  rouse  anew. 
I  Re-lapse',  v.  i.  To  fall  back; 

to  return  to  a  former  state. 
)     — n.  A  falling  back, 
1  Re-late',  v.  t.   To  tell ;  to  re- 
cite.—  v.i.  To  pertain. 


Re-la'tiOn,  n.  Act  of  relat- 
ing ;  narrative  of  facts  ;  any 
connection  established  ; 
kindred.        [being  related. 

Re-la'tion-ship,  n.    State  of 

Rel'a-tive,  a.  Having  rela- 
tion ;  respecting.  —  n.  One 
connected  by  blood  or  affin- 
ity ;  that  which  relates  to 
something  else. 

R61'a-tive-iy  (10),  nriv.  With 
relation  to  something  else. 

Re-lax',  V.  t.  or  i.  To  slack- 
en ;  to  remit  in  severity. 

Re^lax-a'tion,  n.  A  slacken- 
ing ;  relief  from  laborious  or 
painful  duties. 

Re-lay',  n.  Horses  at  certain 
stations  to  relieve  others.  — 
V.  t  To  lay  again. 

Re-lease',  1'.  ^.  To  free  from 
restraint  or  obligation ;  to 
let  go,  as  a  legal  claim.  —  n. 
Liberation  from  restraint  of 
any  kind ;  a  claim. 

Rel'e-gate,  v.  t.  To  consign  ; 
to  remand,  [exile. 

RePe-ga'tion,  n.    Removal ; 

Re-lent',  v.  i.  To  become 
more  mild  or  tender. 

Re-lent'less,  fi.  Unmoved  by 
pity  ;  insensible  to  distress. 

Rel'e-vange,  j  n.    State  of 

Rel'e-van-Qy,  )  being  rele- 
vant ;  pertinence. 

Rel'e-vant,  a.  Pertinent ;  ap- 
plicable. 

Re-ll'a-ble,  a.  Suitable  or  fit 
to  be  relied  on  or  trusted. 

Re-li'anQ9,  n.  Trust ;  depend- 
ence ;  confidence. 

R§l'i<j  (5),  n.  Remains  ;  a 
dead  body  ;  a  memorial. 

Rel'i€t,  n,  A  widow. 

Re-lief ,  n.  Aid  ;  alleviation ; 
prominence  of  a  figure,  as 
in  sculpture. 

Re  lieve',  v.  t.  To  ease  ;  to 
help  ;  to  succor  ;  to  aid. 

Re-lie'vo,  n.  Prominence  or 
projection  offigures  in  sculp- 
ture or  painting, 

Re-lig'ion  (-lij/un),M,  A  sys- 
tem of  faith  and  worship; 
pious  practice  ;  piety. 

Re-lig'ion-ist  (-lij/un-),  n.  A 
bigot  or  devotee, 

Re-lig'ious(-lij/us),  a.  Pious; 


godly  ;  devotional ;  pertain* 
ing  to  religion. 

Re-lig'ious-ly  (-lij/us-),  adv. 
Piously  ;  sacredly  ;  exactly. 

Re-lin'quish  (-link^wish),  v. 
t.  To  withdraw  from  ;  to 
give  up  ;  to  resign  ;  to  re- 
nounce ;  to  abandon  ;  to 
quit.         [of  relinquishing. 

Re-lin'quish-ment,  n.  Act 

Rel'i-qua-ry,  n.  A  email 
chest,  box,  or  casket,  in 
which  relics  are  kept. 

Rel'ish,  n.  A  pleasing  taste ; 
flavor.  — V.  t.  To  give  flavor 
to.  —  V.  i.  To  have  a  pleas- 
ant flavor. 

Re-lu€'tanQe,n.  UnwilHng- 
ness ;  aversion  ;  repugnance. 

Re-lu€'tant.  a.  Averse  ;  un- 
willing ;  loth  ;  disinclined  ; 
granted  unwillingly. 

Re-lu-e'tant-ly,  adv.  With 
unwillingness.  [fide. 

Re-ly',  V.  i.    To  rest  or  con- 

Re-made',  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Remake. 

Re-main',  t'.  i.  To  continue; 
to  be  left.  [left. 

Re-main'der,  n.    Any  thing 

Re-main§',  n.  pi.  What  is 
left ;  relics. 

Re-m^nd',  v.t.  To  send  or 
call  back  ;  to  recommit. 

Re-mark',  n.  An  observa- 
tion ;  notice  ;  mention  ;  com- 
ment. —  v.t.  To  observe  ; 
to  note  ;  to  express  in  words. 

Re-miirk'a-ble,  a.  Worthy 
of  note  ;  wonderful. 

Re-mark'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
unusual  manner. 

Re-me'di-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  remedy  ;  curable. 

Re-me'di-al,  a.  Affording,  or 
designed  to  afford,  a  remedy. 

Re-mM'i-less,  or  Rem'i-di- 
less,  a.  Admitting  no  cure. 

Rem'e-dy  (19),  w.  That  which 
is  adapted  to  cure,  or  which 
counteracts  an  evil. — v.t. 
To  cure  ;  to-restore  to  sound- 
ness, health,  &c.  ;  to  repair. 

Re-mSm'ber,  v.  t.  To  have 
or  keep  in  mind  ;  to  call  to 
mind ;  to  recollect. 

Re-mem'brance,  n.  Reten- 
tion in  mind ;  recollection. 


,  j^,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  ftll,  whf^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


REMEMBRANCER 


221 


REPINE 


Re-mgm'bran-ger,  n.  One 
-who,  or  that  which,  re- 
minds; a  memento. 

Ee-mmd',  v.  t.  To  put  in 
mind  or  remembrance. 

Rgm/i-nis'QenQe,M.  Recollec- 
tion ;  remembered  incidents. 

Re-miss',  a.  Slack  ;  negli- 
gent, [being  remitted. 

Re-mis'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

Re-mis'sion  (-mish/un),  n. 
Pardon  ;  discharge  from 
what  is  due  ;  diminution  of 
intensity. 

Re-miss'ly,  adv.  Negligently. 

Re-miss'ness,  n.  Negligence. 

Re-mit',  v.  t.  To  send,  as 
money  ;  to  give  up ;  to  re- 
sign.—  V.  i.  To  abate  in 
force  or  violence  ;  to  relax. 

Re-mit'tal,  n.  A  giving  back. 

Re-mit'tanQe,  n.  Act  of 
transmitting  money  in  pay- 
ment ;  sum  transmitted. 

Re-mitaent,  a.  Temporarily 
ceasing  or  abating. 

Rem'nant,  n.  What  is  left ; 
residue ;  remainder.  i 

Re-m6d'el,  v,  t.  To  model 
anew.  j 

Re-m6n'strange,  n.  Expos- ; 
tulation  ;  earnest  advice. 

Re-m6n'strant,  n.  One  who  | 
remonstrates. 

Re-in6n'strate,  v.  i.  To  urge 
reasons  against.  — Syn.  To 
expostulate. 

Re- morse',  n.  Pain  of  con- 
science proceeding  from  a 
sense  of  guilt. 

Re-morse'ful,  a.  Full  of  a 
sense  of  guilt.  [cruel. 

Re-morse'less,  a.  Pitiless; 

Re-mote',  a.      Distant  in 

place  or  time  ;  foreign. 
Re-mote'l5'',^0(iv.    At  a  dis- 
tance in  time  or  place,  &c. 
Re-mote'ness  (10),  n.  State 

of  being  remote ;  distance. 
Re-mount',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 

mount  again  ;  to  reascend. 
Re-mpv'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 

of  being  removed. 
Re-mov'al,  n.  Act  of  remov- 
ing from  a  place. 
Re-move',  v.     To  change 
place ,  to  move.  —  n.  Change 
of  place  ;  interval ;  distance. 


Re-mu'ner-atc,  v.  t.  To  rec- 
ompense ;  to  repay. 
Re-mu'ner-a'tion,  n.  Re- 
ward ;  recompense. 
Re-mii'ner-aaive,a.  Afford- 
ing reward.  [kidneys. 
Re'nal,  a.    Pertaining  to  the 
R6n'ard,  n.    A  fox. 
Re-n^s'gent,   a.  Growing 

again ;  reproduced. 
Ren-€Oun'ter,  n.    A  sudden 
or  casual  combat ;  clash.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  To  meet ;  to  clash. 
Rend,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
KENT.]  To  fplit;    to  tear 
asunder ;  to  break ;  to  lacer- 
ate ;  to  rupture. 
Ren'der  (8),  v.  t.  To  return ; 

to  give  up. 
Ren'der-ing,  n.    Act  of  re- 
turning; a  version. 
Ren'dez-vpus  (renMe-vcJl)), 
n.    A  place  of  meeting  ;  a 
meeting  appointed. — v.  i. 
or  t.  To  assemble,  as  troops. 
Ren-di'tion(-dTsh/un),n.  Act 

of  giving  up  ;  surrender. 
Ren'e-gade,  I  n.  One  faith- 
Rgn'e-ga'do,  I  less  to  princi- 
ple ;  an  apostate  ;  a  deserter. 
Re-new',  v.  t.    To  make  new 
or  as  good  as  new ;   to  re- 
peat ;  to  furnish  again. 
Re-new'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  renewed. 
Re-new'al,  n.    Act  of  renew- 
ing ;  that  which  is  renewed. 
Re-new'ed-ly,  adv.  Anew. 
Ren'net,n.  Inner  membrane 
of  a  calf's  stomach,  used  to 
coagulate  milk. 
Re-nounge',  v.  t.  To  disown  ; 

to  cast  off  formally. 
Re-nounge'ment,  n.  Act  of 

renouncing  ;  renunciation. 
Ren'o-vate,!?.      To  renew. 
Ren^o-va'tion,  n.  Renewal. 
Re-no wn',  n.    Fame  ;  celeb- 
rity ;  exalted  reputation. 
Re-nowned',  a.     Famous  ; 

celebrated ;  distinguished. 
R6nt,  i7vp.  of  Rend.  Tom 
asunder.  —  n.     A  fissure  or 
laceration ;  money  paid  for 
lease  of  property.  —  v.  t.  To 
lease,  as  lands,  &c.  [rents. 
RSnt'al,  n.     An  account  of 
Re-nun/ ci-a'tion  (-shi-a^- 


shun),n.  Act  of  renouncing,* 
renouncement. 

Re-6r'gan-i-za'tion,  n.  Or- 
ganization anew. 

Re-6r'gan-Ize,  f.  t.  To  or- 
ganize anew. 

Re-paid'  (14),  imp.  of  Repay. 

Re-pair',  v.  t.  To  mend  ;  to 
refit.  —  V.  i.  To  go  ;  to  re- 
sort. —  n.  Reparation  ;  sup- 
ply of  loss. 

Rep'a-ra'tion,  n.  Restitu- 
tion ;  amends.  [reply. 

R6p^ar-tee'  (18),  n.  A  smart 

Re-pass',  v.  To  pass  again. 

Re-past',  n.    A  meal ;  food. 

Re-pay',  v.  t.  To  pay  back. 

Re-pay'ment,  n.  Act  of  re- 
paying ;  thing  repaid. 

Re-peal',  v.  t.  To  make  void. 
—  Syn.  To  revoke;  annul; 
abrogate.  —  n.  Abrogation. 

Re-peal'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
peals, or  desires  repeal. 

Re-peat',  v.  t.  To  do  again  ; 
to  reiterate.  —  n.  Repeti" 
tion  ;  that  Mhich  is,  or  is  to 
be,  repeated. 

Re-peat'ed-ly,  adv.  With 
repetition;  frequently. 

Re-peat'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
peats ;  a  watch  that  strikes 
the  hours.  [resist. 

Re-pel',  r.  f.  To  drive  back ;  to 

Re-pel'len-gy,  n.  Quality 
that  repels.  [repel. 

Re-pel'lent,  a.    Tending  to 

Re-pent',  v.  i.  To  feel  sor- 
row for  something  done. 

Re-p§nt'ange,  n.  Sorrow  for 
sins  ;  penitence  :  contrition. 

Re-pent'ant,  a.  Sorrowful  for 
sin  ;  contrite. 

Re-peo'ple,  v.  t.  To  supply 
anew  with  inhabitants. 

Re^per-eus'sion  (-kush^un), 
n.  Act  of  driving  back  ;  re- 
bound ;  reverberation. 

Rep'er-to-ry,  n.  A  book  of 
records  ;  a  magazine. 

Rep^e-tend',  n.  That  part 
of  a  repeating  decimal  which 
recurs  continually. 

R6p/e-ti'tion  (-tish^un),  n. 

Act  of  repeating  ;  iteration. 
Rep/e-ti'tious  (-tish/us),  a. 

Containing  repetition. 
Re-pine',  v.  i.    To  indulge  in 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tcTok ;  fim,  r»e,  p\ill ;  f,     soft;  e,  g,  hard,-     ;  exist ;  q     ng ;  this. 


EEPLACE 


222 


RESCISSION 


envy  or  complaint ;  to  com- 
plain ;  to  murmur. 

Re-plage',  v.  t.  To  put  again 
in  its  place  ;  to  substitute. 

He-plen'ish,  v.  t.  To  fill 
again  ;  to  supply  ;  to  stock. 

Re-plete',  a.  Full  to  excess. 

Be-ple'tion,  n.  Superabun- 
dant fullness. 

Re-plev'i-a-ble,  )  a.  Capa- 

Re-plev'i-sa-ble, )  ble  of 
being  replevied. 

Ee-plev'in,  n.  A  writ  to  re- 
cover goods  distrained. 

Ee-pl3v'y,  V.  t.  To  set  at 
liberty  on  security  ;  to  bail. 

Rep'Ji-eant,  n.  One  who  re- 
j)li^js.~ 

Rep'li-ca'tion,  n.  A  plaint- 
iffs, ifeply  to  a  defendant's 
plea,  'j^ 

Re-ply',  i.  To  answer  ;  to 
respond  ;  to  rejoin.  —  n.  Re- 
turn in  words. 

Re-port',  V.  t.  To  bring  back 
as  an  answer  ;  to  relate  ;  to 
tell. — V.  i.  To  circulate 
publicly.  —  n.  Account  re- 
turned ;  rumor  ;  loud  sound, 
as  of  a  gun.  [ports. 

Re-port'er,  n.    One  who  re- 

Re-p5§e',  v.  i.  To  rest ;  to 
sleep  ;  to  lie  quiet.  —  r.  t. 
To  lay  at  rest ;  to  place  in 
confidence. 

Re-p6§'it,  V.  t.  To  lodge  or 
lay  up  for  safety. 

Re-pdg'i-to-ry,  n.  A  place 
where  things  are  stored. 

Re''pos-ssss'  {or  -poz-zes^),  v. 
L   To  possess  again. 

Re''pos-ses'sion  (-pos-s6sh'- 
un  or  -poz-zesh'un),  n.  Act 
or  state  of  possessing  again. 

Rep^re-hgnd',  v.  t.  To  blame. 

Rcp-'re-hen'si-ble,  a.  De- 
serving of  censure  ;  censura- 
ble ;  blameworthy. 

Rep-'re-hen'sion,  n.  Reproof; 
censure ;  open  blame. 

Rap^re-hen'sive,  a.  Con- 
taining reproof  or  censure. 

RSp're-gent',  v.  t.  To  show  ; 
to  exhibit ;  to  delineate  ;  to 
personate. 

R6p''re-sen-ta'tion,  n.  Act 
of  representing  ;  thing  rep- 
resented ;  likeness  ;  descrip- 

S,c,  1,5,  Vi,f^long;  5,  e,  1,  6,ti 


tion ;  statement ;  exhibition ; 
appearance  for  another  ;  a 
body  of  representatives. 

Rep^re-sent'a-tive,  a.  Fit- 
ted to  represent ;  exhibiting 
likeness.  —  n.  One  acting 
for  another ;  a  deputy. 

Re-press',  v.  t.  To  put  down  ; 
to  subdue  ;  to  crush. 

Re-pres'sion  (-presh/un),  n. 
Act  of  repressing,  [repress. 

Re-press'ive,  a.    Tending  to 

Re-prieve',  v.  t.  To  respite 
for  a  time.  —  n.  Suspension 
of  the  execution  of  a  sen- 
tence ;  respite. 

Rep'ri-mand,  n.  Reproof 
for  a  fault. —  v.  t.  To  chide ; 
to  reprove  ;  to  rebuke. 

Re-print',  v.  t.  To  print  a 
new  edition  of,  especially  in 
another  country.  [sion. 

Re'print,  n.    A  new  impres- 

Re-pri'sal,  n.  Seizure  by  way 
of  ret^iation. 

Re-prcach',  v.t.  To  accuse  ; 
to  blame  ;  to  upbraid.  — n. 
Censure  in  opprobrious 
terms ;  invective.  [brious. 

Re-proach'ful  (17),  a.  Oppro- 

Rep'ro-bate,"  a.  Lost  to 
virtue  ;  base  ;  depraved.  — 
n.   One  abandoned  to  sin. 

Rep^ro-l?ate,  r.  t.  To  disap- 
prove with  detestation  ;  to 
condemn."  -  (nation. 

Rep'ronba'tioir,  n.  Condem- 

Re^pro-auge',  v^-t.  To  pro- 
duce anew.  Tf:.^,- 

Re''pro-di^€'tion,  n.  -"Abt  or 
process  ^f  producing  and^.^-^ 
thing  reproduced. 

Re^pro-dire'tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  reproduction. 

Re-probf,  n.  Censure  ex- 
pressed ;  rebuke. 

Re-prpv'al  (11),  n.  Reproof- 

Re-prove',  v.  t.  To  censure 
to  the  face.  —  Syn.  To  re- 
buke ;  reprimand  ;  blame. 

Rep'tile,  a.  Creeping ;  grovel- 
ing ;  low  ;  vulgar.  —  n.  A 
creeping  animal. 

Re-pub'llc  (5),  n.  A  state 
governe(iby  representatives 
elect+'d  by  the  citizens. 

Re-pub'li-e-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consistent  with,  a  re- 


public. —  n.    One  who  ft- 
vors  or  prefers  a  republic. 
Re-pub'li-e-an-i§m,  n.  Sys- 
tem of  republican  govern- 
ment. 

Re-pubai-ca'tion,  n.  A  new 
publication  ;  a  reprint. 

Re-pub'lish,  t*.  t.  To  publish 
anew,  or  in  another  country. 

Re-pu'di-ate,  v.  t.  To  di- 
vorce ;  to  reject  ;  to  dis- 
claim. 

Re-pu^di-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
disclaiming ;  divorce. 

Re-pu'di-a'tor,  ».  One  who 
repudiates. 

Re-pug'nange,  1  n.  Unwill- 

Re-pug'nan-gy,  ]  ingness. 

Re-pug'nant,  a.  Unwilling ; 
inconsistent ;  averse. 

Re-pulse',  n.  A  check  in 
advancing;  refusal.  —  v.  t. 
To  repel ;  to  drive  off. 

Re-pul'sion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
peUing  or  driving  back. 

Re-pul'sive,  a.  Forbidding; 
cold  ;  reserved. 

Rep'u-ta-ble,  a.  Of  good  re- 
pute ;  respectable. 

Rep''u-ta'tion,  n.  General  es- 
timation ;  credit ;  honor  de- 
rived from  public  esteem. 

Re-pute',  V.  t.  To  hold  in 
estimation  ;  to  account.  — 
n.  Reputation. 

Re-put 'ed,  a.  Reckoned. 

Re-quest',  n.  Expression  of 
desire  ;  petition  ;  state  of  be- 
ing desired.  —  v.t.  To  ask. 

Re'qui-em,  n.  A  hymn  or 

mass  sung  for  the  dead, 
l^^-quire',  v.   t.    To  mako 
'^^^^Gssaxy  ;  to  need;  to  de- 
maild^t^-.to  ask  as  a  right. 

Re-qulfe%e,nt  (10),  n.  De- 
mand ;  t'tttiij^^i^uired. 

R6q'ui-§ite  l^^wi-zit),  a. 
Required  ;  necessary.  —  n. 
That  which  is  necessary. 

Req^ui-si'tion  (rek^vi-zTsh'- 
un),  n.  Act  of  requiring; 
claim  made  ;  demand. 

Re-quit'al,  n.  Recompense. 

Re-quite',  v.  t.  To  recom- 
pense ;  to  retaliate. 

Re-scmd',  v.  t.  To  repeal; 
to  abrogate  ;  to  revoke. 

Re-SQi§'§ion    (-sizh^un),  n. 


,     short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  whg,t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  tlrm ; 


RESCRIPT 


223 


RESTORATIVE 


Act  of  rescinding ;  abroga- 
tion. 

Re 'script,  n.  Edict  or  de- 
cree of  an  emperor. 

Res'€ue,  v.  t.  To  deliver 
from  danger  or  confinement ; 
to  set  free.  —  n.  Deliverance 
froni  arrest  or  danger. 

Re-search',  n.  Diligent  in- 
quiry ;  investigation. 

I?e-§3m'blan(,e,  n.  Likeness. 

Re  §5m'ble,  v.  t.  To  be  like. 

Re  §3nt',  V.  t.  To  be  angry 
at ;  to  express  anger  at. 

Re-S3nt'ful  (17),  a.  Apt  to 
resent ;  easily  provoked. 

Re-§ent'ment,  n.  Sense  of 
injury  ;  displeasure. 

Reg'er-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
serving ;  a  proviso. 

Re-§erve',  r.  t.  To  keep  in 
store  ;  to  retain.  —  n.  That 
which  is  reserved  ;  restraint 
in  manner  or  words. 

Re-§3rved',  a.  Not  frank  ; 
cautious  ;  restrained  ;  cold. 

Re-serv'ed-ly,  adv.  With 
reserve ;  coldly. 

Re§'er-v6ir'  ( rez'er-vwor'),  n. 
A  large  cistern  or  basin. 

Re-set',  V.  t.  To  set  again,  as 
a  jewel  or  plant. 

Re-set'tle,  v.  t.  To  settle  or 
install  again. 

Re-s6taie-ment,  n.  Act  of 
settling  again. 

Re-ship',  V.  t.  To  ship  again, 
as  what  has  been  imported. 

Re-ship'ment,  n.  Act  of 
reshipping  ;  re-exportation. 

Re-§ide',  v.  i.  To  dwell ;  to 
live ;  to  have  one's  abode. 

Reg'i-denge,  n.  A  place:©f 
abode  ;  dwelling.       "  ' 

Re§'i-dent,  a.  Dwellfng  ;  liv- 
ing. —  n.  One  who  dwells. 

Reg/i-den't^a-ry  (-shi-),  a. 
Having  residence ;  residing. 

Re-§id'u-al,  a.  Remaining 
after  a  part  is  taken. 

Re-§id'u-a-ry,  a.  Entitled  or 
pertaining  to  the  residue. 

RSg'i-due,  n.  Remainder,  or 
what  is  left ;  rest. 

Re-gid'u-um,  n.  That  which 
remains ;  residue. 

Re-§Tgn'  (-zin/),  v.t.  To  give 
up  in  a  formal  manner. 


Re§^ig-na'tion,  n.    Act  of 
resigning  ;  quiet  submission, 
Re-§igncd'   (-zind'),  P-  a- 

Submissive ;  yielding. 
Re-sil'i-enge,  n.  A  recoil. 
Re-sil'i-ent,  a.  Leaping  back. 
R6§'in,  n.    An  iutiammable 
subbtauce  from   the  pine, 
&c.  [or  like,  resin. 

Re§'in-0US,  a.  Containing, 
Re-§ist',  V.  t.    To  act  in  op- 
position to  ;  to  withstand. 
Re-gist'ange,  n.    Act  of  re- 
sisting ;  opposition. 
Re-§Ist'less,  a.    Not  to  be 

withstood ;  irresistible. 
Re§'o  lu-ble,  a.  Admitting  of 

being  resolved  or  melted. 
Reg'o-lute,  a.    Firm  to  one's 
purpose  ;  determined  ;  firm. 
Re§'o-liite-ly,  adv.  With 

steadiness  and  courage. 
Re§'o-lu'tion,  n.    Act  of  re- 
solving; firmness  of  pur- 
pose ;  formal  declaration. 
Re-§61v'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

being  resolved. 
Re-§61ve',  v.  t.  To  separate 
into  component  parts  ;  to 
analyze.  —  v.  i.  To  deter- 
mine. —  n.  Fixed  purpose. 
Re-s61v'ent,  n.    That  which 

causes  solution. 
Res'o-nange,  n.  A  reverbera- 

ti'on  of  sound  or  sounds. 
Re§'o-nant,  a.  Resounding. 
Re-§6rt',  v.  i.    To  have  re- 
course ;  to  repair  ;  to  go.  — 
n.  Concourse  of  people  ;-as- 
sen>bly  ;  place  of  habitual 
..meeting ;  a  haunt. 
.  Re-§ound',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
sound  back ;  to  echo  ;  to  re- 
verberate ;  to  celebrate. 
Re-souTQe',  n.  Means  of  sup- 
ply ;  resort ;  expedient. 
Re-spe€t',  V.  t.    To  regard 
with  esteem  ;  to  honor  ;  to 
relate  to.  —  n.    Regard  for 
worth  ;  relation  ;  reference. 
Re-spe-et^a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  deserving  respect. 
Re-spe-ct'a-ble,  a.  Worthy 
of  respect ;  deserving  regard. 
Re-spe€t'a-bly,  adv.   So  as 

to  merit  respect. 
Re-spe-ct'ed,  a.  Held  in  high 
I  estimation. 


.  Re-spe<;t'ful,  a.  Full  of  re- 
spect, [due  respect. 

Re-sp3€t'ful-ly,  adv.  With 

Re-spe€t'ive,  a.  Having  re- 
lation to  ;  particular. 

Re-spe-et'ive-ly,  adv.  As  re- 
lating to  each. 

Re-spir'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being,  or  tit  to  be,  breathed. 

Res'pi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
breathing,   [for  respiration. 

Res-pir'a-to-ry,  a.  Serving 

Re-spire',  v.   To  breathe. 

Res'pite,  n.  Delay  ;  suspen- 
sion of  punisliment  ;  re- 
prieve. —  v.t.  To  suspend 
execution  of;  to  delay. 

Re-splen'denge,  n.  Brilliant 
luster;  splendor. 

Re-spl6n'dent,  a.  Bright  ; 
splendid  ;  shining. 

Re-spdnd',  v.  i.  To  answer  ; 
to  reply  ;  to  rejoin. 

Re-sp6nd'ent,  n.  One  who 
responds  ;  an  answerer  in  aa 
action  at  law.  —  a.  Answer- 
ing ;  accordant.  [ply. 

Re-sp6nse',  n.    Answer;  re- 

Re-sp6n'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Lia- 
bility to  answer  or  pay. 

Re-spon'si-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
account.  —  Syn.  Account- 
able ;  answerable. 

Re-sp6n'sive,  a.  Answering. 

Rest,  n.  Quiet  ;  peace  ;  re- 
pose ;  sleep  ;  ease  ;  a  pause  ; 
a  support ;  that  which  is 
left.  — V.  i.  To  be  quiet  ;  to 
sleep  ;  to  lean  or  rely. — v.  t. 
To  place. 

Res'tau-rant  (-to-),  n.  An 
eating-house. 

Res-tau'ra-teur'  (-to^-),  n. 
Keeper  of  an  eating-house. 

Rest'iff ,  (  a.  Unwilling  to  go, 

Rest'ive,  j  or  only  running 
back ;  stubborn. 

Res^ti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
storing ;  indemnification. 

Rest'ive  ness,  n.  Obstinate 
reluctance  to  move. 

Rest'less,  a.  Yoid  of  rest ; 
unsettled ;  unquiet. 

Re-stor'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  being  restored. 

Res''to-ra'tion,  n.  Renewal ; 
recovery. 

Re-stor'a-tive,  a.  Tending  to 


s^n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  t(5l),  tdbk ;  ^n,  rije,  pyll ;  9,  g:,  soft;  «,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


EESTORE 


224 


REVERE]^  D 


restore.  —  n.     That  which 

restores.  [to  heal. 

Re-store',  t.  To  give  back  ; 
Re-strain',      t.    To  check  ; 

to  repress  ;  to  hold  back. 
Re-straint',  n.    That  which 

restrains  ;      a    hindering  ; 

check ;  restriction. 
Re-stri-et',  v.  t.    To  limit ;  to 

restrain  ;  to  confine. 
Re-stri-e'tion,  n.  Limitation. 
Re  stri-et'ive,a.  Restraining. 
Re-§ult',  V.  I.    To  proceed  or 

spring  as  a  consequence. — 

n.  Conclusion  to  which  any 

course  leads ;  effect. 
Re-§ume',  r.  t.  To  take  back ; 

to  begin  again  after  inter- 
ruption. 
Resum6  (ra/zij-ma'),  n.  A 

summing  up  ;  summary. 
Re-siimp'tion,n.    Act  of  re- 

smning,  or  taking  again. 
Re§'ur-re-e'tion,  n.    A  rising 

again  ;    revival    from  the 

grave  ;  the  future  state. 
Re-sus'gi-tate,  v.  t.    To  re 

vive  ;  to  bring  to  life  again. 
Re-sus''Qi-ta'tion,n.   Act  of 

resuscitating. 
Re-tail',  v.  t.  To  sell  in  small 

quantities.  [quantities. 
Re 'tail,  n.  Sale  in  small 
Re-tail'er,  or  Re'tail-er,  n. 

One  who  sells  at  retail. 
Re-tain',  v.  t.  To  keep  in  pos- 
session or  in  pay. 
Re-tain'er,  n.    One  who  re- 
tains ;  a  dependent ;  a  fee  to 

engage  counsel. 
Re-take',  v.  t.  To  take  again. 
Re-tal'i-ate,  v.  i.    To  return 

like  forjike. 
Re-t3,l'i-a'tion,  n.  Return  of 

like  for  like  ;  reprisal. 
Re-tai'i-a-tive,  I  a.  Giving 
Re-tal'i-a-to-ry, )    like  for 

like  ;  involving  retaliation. 
Re-tard',  v.  t.    To  diminish 

the  f»peed  of ;  to  delay ;  to 

hinder  ;  to  impede. 
Retch,  V.  i.  To  make  an  effort 

to  vomit.  [ing. 
Re-t§n'tion,  n.  Act  of  retain- 
Re-ten'tive,  a.  Having  power 

to  retain. 
Re-t6n'tive-ness,  n.  Power  of 

retaining. 


Re-ti-c'u-lar,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  net. 

Re-ti€'u-late,    )  a.  Made  of, 

Re-ti€'u-lat'ed,  j  or  resem- 
bling, net-work.  [work. 

Re-ti-e/u-la'tion,   n.  Net- 

Ret'i-€ule,  n.  A  httle  bag 
of  net-work. 

Ret'i-na,  n.  Internal  ner- 
vous tissue  of  the  eye,  which 
receives  the  impression  re- 
sulting in  the  sense  of  vision. 

Ret'i-niie,  n.  A  suite  or  train 
of  attendants.  [withdraw. 

Re-tire',  v.    To  retreat ;  to 

Re-tired',  a.  Withdrawn. 

Re-tire'ment  (10),  n.  Act  of 
living  in  seclusion  ;  privacy. 

Re-tort',  n.  Censure  returned ; 
repartee  ;  a  chemical  vessel. 
—  V.  t.  To  throwback;  to 
return.      [by  new  touches. 

Re-toiich',  v.  t.    To  improve 

Re-traQe',t'.  t.  To  trace  back. 

Re-traet',  v.  t.  To  take  back ; 
to  recall.  —  v.  L  To  take 
back  what  has  been  said. 

Re-tra€t'ile,  a.  Capable  of 
being  retracted,  or  drawn 
back. 

Re-tra€'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
tracting;  recantation. 

Re-treat',  n.  A  retiring  ;  a 
place  of  privacy.  —  v.  i.  To 
withdraw  ;  to  go  back. 

Re-trench',  v.  t.  To  lessen  ; 
to  curtail,  as  expenses. 

Re-trench'ment,  n.  Act  of 
retrenching. 

Ret^ri-bu'tion,  n.  Reward ; 
repayment;  requital. 

Re-trib'u-tive,   I  a.  Reward- 

Re-trib'u-to-ry,  j  ing  or 
punishing. 

Re-triev'a-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  retrieved. 

Re-trieve',  v.  t.  To  recover ; 
to  regain  ;  to  repair. 

Re'tro-^^'tion  (or  ret^'ro-),  n. 
Action  in  return. 

Re'tro-gede  {or  ret-'ro-),  v.  t. 
To  cede  or  grant  back. 

Re/tro-Q6s'sion  (or  ret/ro- 
sesh'un),  n.  Act  of  going 
back  or  of  ceding  back. 

Ret'ro-grade  {or  rS^tro-),  a. 
Going  backward.  —  v.  i.  To 
go  backward. 


Re^tro-gres'sion  (or  ret-'ro- 
gresh'un),  n.  Act  of  going 
backward. 

Re'tro-spe€t,  or  R^t'ro- 
spe-ct,  n.  A  looking  back 
on  things  past. 

Re'tro-spe-e'tion  (or  ret^ro-), 
n.    A  looking  back  ;  review. 

Re^tro-spe-ct'ive  (or  ret^ro-), 
a.  Looking  back. 

Re-tftrn'  (8),r.  i.  To  come  or 
go  back.  —  V.  t.  To  send  or 
give  back  ;  to  repay.  —  n.  A 
going  or  giving  back ;  re- 
lapse ;  profit  of  business  ; 
restitution. 

Re-turn'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  returned. 

Re-iin'ion  (-yun^yun),  n.  Act 
of  reuniting ;  a  second  un. 
ion  ;  a  meeting  of  associates. 

Re'u-nite',t". /.  or  ?.  To  unite 
again,  as  things  disjoined. 

Re-veal',  v.  t.  To  make 
known ;  to  divulge. 

Re-veil'le  (re-val'ye),  n.  The 
morning  beat  of  drum. 

Rev'el  (8),  v.  i.  To  feast  riot- 
ously ;  to  carouse. — n.  A 
riotous  feast ;  a  carousal. 

Rev^e-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
vealing, or  disclosing  ;  di- 
vine communication. 

Rev'el-ry,  n.  Act  of  revel- 
ing ;  riotous  feast ;  a  carouse. 

Re-venge',  n.  Malicious  re- 
turn of  injury  ;  disposition 
to  revenge.  —  v.  t.  To  inflict 
pain  or  injury  upon  for  in- 
jury received. 

Re-v6nge'ful,  a.  Disposed  to 
revenge ;  vindictive. 

Rev'e-nue(18),  w.  Income  of 
a  state  or  prince.  [ing. 

Re-ver'ber-ant,  a.  Resound- 

Re-ver'ber-ate,i'.  t.  or  i.  To 
resound ;  to  echo. 

Re-ver^ber-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
reverberating. 

Re-ver'ber-a-to-ry,  a.  Beat- 
ing or  driving  back. 

Re-vere',  v.  t.  To  regard  with 
fear  and  respect. 

Rgv'er-enge,  n.  Veneration; 
very  great  respect.  —  v.  t. 
To  regard  with  reverence. 

R§v'er-end,  rt.  Deserving  rev- 
erence ;  a  title  of  clergymen. 


a,  e,  T,  6,  u,  y ,  long  ;  it,  g,  i,  6,  il,  5^^,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  whfit ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


REVERENT 


225 


RICH 


Tlev'er-ent,      \a.  Express- 

Kev/er-6n'tial,  j  ing  rey- 
ence ;  submissive. 

ReVer-ie',  )  n.  Loose ;  irreg- 

Rev'er-y,  j  ular  train  of 
thought.  [opposite. 

Re-vcr'sal,n.  Change  to  the 

Re-verse',  v.  t.  To  change 
from  one  position  to  the  op- 
posite ;  to  make  void.  — 
n.  Opposite  side ;  change  ; 
adversity  ;  vicissitude.  —  a. 
Turned  backward. 

Re-ver'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  reversed. 

Re-ver'sion,  n.  The  return 
of  an  estate  to  the  grantor 
or  his  heirs  ;  succession. 

Re-ver'sion-a-ry,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  involving,  a  rever- 
sion, [fall  back. 

Re-vert',  v.  i.  To  return ;  to 

Re-view'  (-vQ/),  v.  t.  To  con- 
sider again ;  to  inspect ;  to 
examine  ;  to  survey.  —  n. 
Careful  examination  ;  re- 
vision ;  criticism ;  inspection 
of  troops  ;  a  periodical  pub- 
lication containing  criti- 
cisms on  books,  &c. 

Re-vie w'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
views ;  an  inspector. 

Re-vile',  V.  t.  To  treat  with 
abusive  language  ;  to  vilify. 

Re-vi'§al(ll),  )  n. 

Re-vi§'ion  (-vTzh/un), )  Act 
of  revising  or  reviewing. 

Re-vi§e'  (31),  v,  t.  To  exam- 
ine with  care  for  correction ; 
to  review.  —  n.  A  second 
proof-sheet. 

Re-vi§'it,  V.  t.  To  visit  again. 

Re-vi'so-ry,  a.  Having  power 
to  revise. 

Re-vI'val  (11),  n.  Act  of  re- 
viving ;  return  to  life ;  a  re- 
ligious awakening. 

Re-vi'val-ist,  n.  One  who 
promotes  revivals. 

Re-vlve',  v.  t.  To  restore  or 
bring  to  hfe ;  to  renew ;  to 
re-animate.  —  v.  i.  To  re- 
cover life  and  vigor. 

Re-viv'^i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act 
of  returning  to  life ;  resusci- 
tation. 

Re-viv'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  recall  to 
life. 


Rev'o-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  recalled. 

ReV^o-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
voking or  recalling  ;  repeal. 

Re-v6ke',  v.  l.  To  recall  or 
repeal ;  to  reverse . 

Re-volt',  or  Re-v61t',  v.  i.  To 
renounce  allegiance ;  to  be  j 
shocked.  —  n.  Ilenunciation 
of  allegiance  ;  desertion  ;  re- 
bellion. 

Rev'o-lii'tion,  n.  Motion 
round  a  center ;  rotation  ;  a 
great  change  in  the  govern- 
ment of  a  country. 

R6v/o-lu'tion-a-ry,  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  producing, 
great  change. 

Rev'o-lu'tion-ist,  n.  One  who 
favors  a  revolution. 

ReVo-lu'tion-ize,  r.  To  ef- 
fect a  complete  change  in ,  as 
to  government  or  principles. 

Re-v61ve',  v.  i.  To  move 
round.  —  v.  t.  To  turn  in 
the  mind  ;  to  consider. 

Re-viil'sion,  n.  A  turning 
back  ;  marked  repugnance 
or  hostility. 

Re-viil'sive,  a.  Having  the 
power  of  revulsion. 

Re-ward',  v.  t.  To  recom- 
pense ;  to  repay. — n.  Recom- 
pense ;  requital ;  pay. 

Re-write'  (-rltO,  v.  t  To 
write  a  second  time  or  again. 

Rhap-s6d'i€-al  (rap-),  a. 
Consisting  in  rhapsody  \ 
wild  ;  unconnected. 

Rhap'so-dist  (rilp/-),  n.  One 
who  sings,  recites,  or  com- 
poses rhapsodies. 

Rhap'so-dy  (nV-,  19),  n. 
A  wild,  rambling  writing  or 
discourse. 

Rheii'ish  (rSn'-),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  river  Rhine. 

Rhet'o-ri-e  (ret'-),  r».  The  art 
of  speaking  or  writing  with 
elegance  and  propriety. 

Rhe-t6r'i€-al  (re-),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  involving, 
rhetoric  ;  oratorical. 

Rhet^o-ri'cian  (ret'o-rTsh'- 
an),  n.  One  who  teaches  or 
is  versed  in  the  rules  and 
principles  of  rhetoric  ;  an 
orator. 


Rheum  (mm),  n.  A  thin 
watery  fluid  secreted  by  the 
glands. 

Rheu-m5,t'i€  (nj-),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  affected  with, 
rheumatism. 

Rheu'ma-ti§m  (nj'-),  n.  A 
painful  inflammatory  dis- 
ease of  the  joints  and  mus- 
cles of  the  human  body. 

Rheum'y  (rijm'-),  a.  Full  of 
rheum. 

Rhi-n6g'er-os,.4 
(ri-),  n.  Avl\ 
African  quad-^ 
ruped     hav-'  Rhmoceroa. 
mg  one  or  two 
strong  horns  on  the  nose. 

Rh6mb  (romb),  \ 

Rhdm'l 


n'-),  a.  FuU  of 

m 

^  Rhinoceros. 

5  on  the  nose. 

tnomo  ^^omD),  \     ^  1— * 

Ihdm'bus,  J  /\  !/ 
n.  A  figure  of  /  \  |/ 
four  equal  sides,  /  \y 


but  unequal  an-  Rhomb, 
gles. 

Rhom'bi-c  (rCm'-),  a.  Hav- 
ing the  figure  of  a  rhomb. 

Rhdm'boid 
(rom'-),a.  An 
oblique-angled 
parallel(^ram  Rhomboid, 
like  a  rhomb,  but  having 
only  the  opposite  sidesequal. 

Rhu'barb  (rjj'-),  w.  A  plants 
and  a  cathartic  medicin* 
obtained  firom  it. 

Rhyme  (rim),  n.  Con» 
spondence  of  sounds ;  verses. 

—  V.  i.  To  accord  in  sounds. 

—  V.  t.  To  turn  into  rhyme. 
Rhym'er  (rlm^-),  n.  One  who 

makes  rhymes  ;  a  versifier. 

Rhythm  (rithm  or  rithm ),  n. 
Regular  succession  of  mo- 
tions, sounds,  &c.,  as  in 
music  and  dancing. 

Rib,  n.  One  of  the  curved 
bones  of  the  chest ;  a  curved 
strengthening  piece  of  tim- 
ber in  a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  ribs. 

Rib'ald,  a.  Low  ;  base ;  mean. 

Rib'ald-ry,  n.  Low,  vulga* 
language.  [ribs. 

Ribbed,  a.     Furnished  with 

Rib'bon,  n.   A  fillet  of  silk. 

Rlge,  n.  A  plant  and  its  es- 
culent seed  or  grain. 

Rich,  a.   Opulent ;  wealthy  ; 


B6n,  or,  dg,  w^lf,  too,  trrok ;  tlm,  rye,  pyll ;  p,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  e  as  ng ;  this. 
15 


KICHES 


226 


EIVET 


affluent;  Taluable;  fertile; 
fruitful. 
Uich'eg,  n. />Z.    Wealth;  op- 
ulence ;  affluence. 
Ricli'ly,  adv.  Abundantly. 
E-ich'ness,  n.    Wealth  ;  op- 
ulence ;  affluence  ;  fertility. 
Rick,  n.  A  long, covered  pile 
of  hay  or  grain  in  the  field. 
Rick'ets,  n.pl.    A  disease  of 
children.  [rickets. 
Rick'et-y,  a.   Affected  with 
Ri-e'o-Qhet  (-sha'  or  -shet^, 
n.    The  firing  of  guns  so  as 
to  cause  balls  to  rebound 
from  one  point  to  another. 
Rid,  V.  t.     [imp.  and  p.  p. 
RID.]  To  set  free  ;  to  clear ; 
to  deliver.  [away. 
Rid'danQe,  n.     A  clearing 
Rid'dle,  n,  A  coarse  sieve  or 
sifter;  an  enigma. — v.  t. 
or  i    To  clear  from  chaff 
with  a  riddle ;  to  perforate 
with  many  balls  ;  to  solve. 
Ride,  V.  i.  [imp.  rode  ;p.p. 
RID,  RIDDEN.]   To  be  car- 
ried on  horseback,  or  in  a 
vehicle.  —  n.  An  excursion 
on  horseback ,  or  in  a  vehicle. 
Rid'er,  n.  One  who  rides  ;  an 

additional  clause  to  a  bill. 
Ridge,  n.   Top  of  the  back ; 
a  long  elevation,  as  of  land. 
—  V.  t.  To  form  into  ridges. 
Rid'i-cule,  n.  Derisive  merri- 
ment. —  V.  t.    To  laugh  at, 
or  expose  to  laughter. 
Ri-di€'u-lous,  a.  Deserving 

ridicule ;  absurd. 
Rife,  a.  Prevalent ;  abound- 
ing, [use. 
Riffraff,  n.  Sweepings;  ref- 
Ri'f  le ,  n.  A  gun  with  grooved 
barrel. — v.  t.    To  rob;  to 
plunder ;  to  pillage. 
Ri'fle-man   (21),   n.  One 

armed  with  a  rifle. 
Rift,  n.    A  cleft ;  a  fissure. 
Rig,  V.  t.  To  fit  with  rigging ; 

to  dress ;  to  clothe. 
Rig'ger,  n.    One  who  fits  a 

ship  with  rigging. 
Rig'ging,  n.    The  ropes  of  a 

ship  ;  dress ;  tackle. 
Right  (rlt),  a.  Straight ;  just ; 
true  ;  correct ;  proper ;  op- 
posite to  left.  —  11.  That 


which  is  right  or  correct; 
justice  ;  just  claim  ;  prop- 
erty ;  privilege ;  side  op- 
posed to  left. — adv.  In  a 
straight  line ;  according  to 
rule  ;  properly  ;  justly  :  very. 
—  V.  t.  To  set  upright ;  to 
do  justice  to. — v.  i.  To 
take  a  proper  position. 
Right'-an^gled  (rlt^-),  n. 
Having  ~an  angle  of  ninety 
degrees. 
Right'eous  (ri/chus),  a.  Ac- 
cording with,  or  performing, 
that  which  is  right  ;  just ; 
upright ;  religious ;  virtuous. 
Right 'ecus -ly  (ri^chus-), 

adv.    Justly ;  uprightly. 
Right'eous-ness  (ri/chus-), 
n.    Justice;  uprightness; 
virtue;  holiness. 
Right'ful  (rit/-),  a.  Having  a 

right ;  just. 
Right'-hand^ed    (rlt'-),  a. 
Using  the  right  hand  more 
easily  than  the  left. 
Rig'id,  a.    Difficult  to  bend ; 

stiff;  strict;  exact;  severe. 
Ri-gid'i-ty,  )  n.    Stiffness  ; 
Rig'id-ness, )  strictness. 
Rig'id-ly,  adv.    Inflexibly  ; 

exactly  ;  severely. 
Rig'or(33),  n.  Strictness; 

severity  ;  a  shivering. 
Rig'or-oiis,  a.  Strict ;  severe. 
Rill  (1),  n.  A  small  brook. 
Rim,  n.  A  border ;  edge  ;  mar- 
gin. —  V.  t.  To  put  a  rim  on 
Rime,n.  Hoarfrost;  a  chink. 
Rind,  n.  Skin,  bark,  or  outer 

coat ;  husk. 
Ring,  n.    A  circular  line  or 
thing  ;  a  hoop  ;  a  metallic 
sound  ;     a  chime.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  RUNG.]  To 
cause  to  sound;  to  put  a 
ring  on.  — v.  i.    To  sound. 
Ring'-bolt,  n.    A  bolt  with 
an  eye  at  its  head  and  a  ring 
through  the  eye.  [pigeon. 
Ring'dove,  n.     A  kind  of 
Ring'lead-er,  n.  Leader  of  a 
lawless  association  or  band. 
Rmg'let,       A  curl  of  hair. 
Rmg'worm  (-wrivm),M.  An 
eruption  of  the  skin  forming 
rings. 

Rinse,  v.  t.    To  cleanse  by 


agitating  in  water  after 
washing  ;  to  wash  lightly. 

Ri'ot,n.  Uproar;  tumult. — 
V.  i.  To  make  an  uproar ; 
to  revel.  [in  a  riot. 

Ri'ot-er,  n.    One  who  joins 

Ri'ot-oiis,  a.  Disposed  to  riot. 

Rip ,  r .  i .  To  cut  or  tear  asun- 
der, especially  at  a  seam.  — 
n.  A  rent  made  by  ripping. 

Ripe,  a.  Perfect  in  growth ; 
mature ;  complete  ;  finished. 

Ripe'ly,  adv.  Maturely. 

Rip'en  (rip^'n),  v.  t.  To  ma- 
ture ;  to  prepare.  — v.  i.  To 
grow  ripe.  [fection. 

Ripe'ness,  n.  Maturity  ;  per- 

Rip'ple,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  fret  on 
the  surface.  —  n.  Agitation 
of  the  surface  of  water. 

Rige,^.  v.  [imp.  ROSE  ;  p.p. 
RISEN.]  To  get  up;  to  at- 
tain greater  height ;  to  in- 
crease ;  to  grow ;  to  ascend. 

Rise ,  n.  Act  of  rising ;  ascent ; 
increase ;  beginning ;  origin. 

'R\^'en{v\z'u),p.p.  Ascended. 

Ri§'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Inclination 
to  laughter,   [ing  laughter. 

Ri§'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  excit- 

Rig'ing,  n.  Act  of  getting 
up  ;  insurrection. 

Risk,  n.  Hazard  ;  danger  ; 
peril. — v.t.  To  expose  to 
danger ;  to  hazard. 

Rite,  n.  A  ceremonial  obw 
servance ;  religious  usage. 

Rit'u-al,  n.    A  book  of  rites. 

—  a.   According  to  rites. 
Rit'u-al-i§m,  n.    System  of 

rites.  [to  a  ritual. 

Rit'u-al-ist,  n.  One  devoted 
Ri'val,  n.  One  in  pursuit  of 

the  same  object  as  another. 

—  Syn.  Competitor. — a. 
Standing  in  competition. — 
V.  t.  (8)  To  emulate  ;  to 
strive  to  equal  or  excel. 

Ri'val-ry,w.  Strife  for  equal, 
ity  or  superiority  ;  compe- 
tition ;  emulation. 

Rive,  V.  t.    [imp.  rived  ; 

p.p.  RIVEN.]    To  Split.^ 

Riv'cn  (riv'n),  p.  p.  of  Rive. 
Riv'er,  w.  A  large  stream. 
Riv'et,  n.  A  pin  clinched.  — 

v.t.    To  fasten  with  rivets; 

to  clinch. 


a,S,i,5,u,y,/on^;  S,  C,X,6,u,y,5/iori/ care,car,ask,:jil,what;  ere,  vsil,tErm ;  pique,firm; 


RIVULET 


227 


ROT 


Riv'u-let,  n.  A  small  stream.  ' 

Rix'-d6l4ar,  n.  A  European 
silver  coin  varying  in  vplue 
from  60c.  to  $1.08.  j 

Roach,  n.  A  fresh-water  fish. 

Road,  n.  A  public  way  for  j 
traveling ;  a  place  for  ships 
to  ride  at  anchor.  1 

E5ad'st6ad,  n.  A  place  where 
ships  can  anchor.  [ble. 

R5am,  v.  i.  To  rove  ;  to  ram- 
Roan,  a.  Of  a  dark  color  with 
white  or  gray  spots. 

Roar,  V.  i.  To  make  a  loud, 
continued  noise. — n.  A  loud, 
continuous  noise ;  clamor. 

Roast,  V.  t.  To  cook  by  ex- 
posure to  heat,  as  before  a 
fire.  —  n.  That  which  is 
roasted.  j 

Rdb,!?.  t.  To  take  forcibly,  or  I 
without  the  owner's  consent. 
—  Syn.   To  plunder  ;  steal. 

Rdb'ber  (7),  n.  One  who  robs. 

R6b'ber-y,  n.  A  taking  of 
property  without  consent. 

Robe,n.  A  long  gown.  — v.  t. 
To  invest  with  a  robe.  | 

R6b'in,  n.  A  European  song- 
bird ;  also,  an  American  i 
song-bird. 

Ro-bust',  a.  Strong ;  healthy. 

Ro-bust'ness,  n.  Great  and 
hearty  strength. 

R6€h'et,  n.  A  linen  habit 
worn  by  priests ;  a  surplice.  | 

R6ck  (5),  n.  A  largo  mass  of 
stone. — V.  t.  orr.  To  move 
from  side  to  side ;  to  still. 

Rock'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  rocks. 

RSck'et,  n.  A  projectile  fire- 
work, [of  rocks. 

Rock'i-ness,  n.  Abundance 

Rock'-salt,  n.  Salt  in  rock- 
like masses  or  large  crystals. 

Rock'y,  a.  Full  of  rocks  : 
hard. 

Rod,  n.    A  twig ;  a  pole  or 

perch  ;  16^  feet.  I 
Rode,  imp.  hp.  p.  of  Ride.  | 
Ro'dent,  a.    Gnawing, — n.  ' 

An  animal  tliat  gnaws, 
Rod^o-mont-ade',  n.  Empty 

bluster  ;  vain  boasting. 
Roe  (18),  n.    Female  of  the 

hart  ;  eggs  of  a  fish. 
Roe'buck,Ji.  Male  of  the  roe. 


Ro-ga'tion,  w.  Supplication ; 
litany. 

Rogue  (18),  n.  A  dishonest 
person ;  a  knave. 

Rogu'er-y,  «.  Knavery  ;  dis- 
honest tricks  ;  mischievous- 
ness.  [waggish. 

R5gu'ish  (11),  a.  Knavish; 

Roil,  V.  t.  To  make  turbid 
by  stirring ;  to  excite. 

Roll  (1),  V.  t.  or  i.  To  turn 
in  a  circle ;  to  revolve  ;  to 
wrap  up.  — n.  A  thing  rolled 
up  ;  a  small  loaf  of  bread  ; 
a  list  of  names. 

Rdll'er,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  rolls.         [of  wood. 

Roll'ing-pin,  n.    A  cylinder 

Ro'man,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Rome.  —  n.  A  native  of 
Rome. 

Ro-manQe',  n.  A  fictitious 
and  wonderful  tale ;  a  sort 
of  novel.  —  V.  i.  To  tell 
marvelous  tales.  [mances. 

Ro-man'per,  n.  One  who  ro- 

Ro'man-i§m,  n.  Tenets  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  church. 

Ro'man-ist,  iu  A  Koman 
Catholic.  [ful. 

Ro-man'ti-e,  a.  Wild  ;  fonci- 

Ro-man'ti-gism,  n.  State  of 
being  romantic!  [Rome. 

Rom'ish,  a.     Belonging  to 

R6mp,  n.  A  rude  girl.  —  v.  i. 
To  play  rudely. 

Rood,  n.  The  fourth  of  an 
acre  ;  a  crucifix  ;  a  represen- 
tation of  the  Trinity. 

Roof  (4),  n.  Cover  of  a  build- 
ing, or  something  similar.  — 
V.  t.  To  cover  with  a  roof. 

Rdt>k,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  cheat ; 
to  rob. — n.  A  bird  like  a 
crow  ;  a  cheat. 

Rook'er-y,  n.  A  collection 
of  rooks'  nests  ;  a  pile  of 
dilapidated  buildings. 

Room,  n.  Space  ;  extent ;  an 
apartment ;  stead. — v.i.  To 
lodge.  [ness. 

Room'i-ness,  n.  Spacious- 

Room'y,  a.  Having  ample 
room.  —  Syn.  Spacious ;  ca- 
pacious ;  large. 

Roost,  n.  A  place  on  which 
birds  or  fowls  rest ;  a  perch. 
—  V.  i.   To  rest  as  a  bird. 


Rdbst'er,  n.  Male  of  the  do- 
mestic fowl ;  a  cock. 

Root,  n.  The  part  of  a  plant 
wliich  shoots  into  the  earth  ; 
the  original ;  first  cause.  — 
V.  I.  To  become  fixed  in  the 
earth,  as  a  root  ;  to  take 
root.  —  V.  t.  To  plant  deep- 
ly ;  to  dig  up ;  to  destroy. 

Rope,  n.   A  large,  stout  cord. 

—  V.  i.  To  draw  out  in  a 
slender  string. 

Rope '-dan 'ger,  w.  One  who 
dances  on  a  rope  extended 
in  the  air. 

Rope '-walk  (-wawk),  n.  A 
long  building  where  ropes 
are  made. 

Rope'-yarn,  n.  Threads  to 
be  twisted  into  ropes. 

Rop'i-ness  (13),  n.  Stringi- 
ness ;  viscosit3\ 

Rop'y,  a.    Stringy  ;  viscous. 

R6q'ue-laur  (rok/e-lor),  n.  A 
kind  of  surtout. 

Ro'§a-ry,  n.  A  bed  of  roses  ; 
a  string  of  beads  for  count- 
ing prayers. 

Rose,  71.  A  plant  and  flower 
of  many  species.  — v.,  imp. 
of  Rise. 

Ro'§e-ate,  a.  Full  of  roses ;  re- 
sembling a  rose ;  blooming. 

R5se'-bug,  n.  A  kind  of 
beetle  that  feeds  on  roses, 
&c.      [and  aromatic  plant. 

R6se^'ma-ry,  n.    A  fragrant 

Ro-sette',  n.  An  ornament 
made  of  ribbons. 

Rose'-wa^'ter,  n.  TTater 
tinctured  with  roses  by  dis- 
tillation. 

Rose'-wdbd,  n.  A  kind  of 
wood  much  used  in  cabinet- 

•  work.  It  is  obtained  from 
several  different  kinds  of 
trees.      [tilling  turpentine. 

R6§'in,  n.  llesin  left  after  dis- 

Ros'ter,  n.   A  list  of  officers. 

Ros'tral,  a.  Pv.esembling,  or 
pertaining  to,  a  beak. 

Ros'triim,  n .  Beak  of  a  ship ; 
a  platform  for  speakers. 

R5'sy,  a.  Like  a  rose  ,•  red  as 
a  rose ;  blooming. 

Rot,  V.  To  putrefy  ;  to  decay. 

—  n.  Putrefaction;  decay; 
a  fatal  distemper  in  sheep. 


son.  dr,  dQ,  w^lf,  toD,  tdbk ;  tlrn,  rije,  pvU ;  9,     soft;     g,  hard;  a§  ;  e^ist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


KOTAEY 


228 


Bo'ta-ry ,      I  «•  Turning  like 
Eo'ta-to-ry,  j   a  wheel  on  its 
axis. 

Rdaate,  V.  i.     To  revolve 

round  an  axis,  as  a  wheel. 
Bo-ta'tion,   n.    A  turning 
round   on  an  axis,   as  a 
wheel ;  regular  succession.  ^ 
R5te,  n.  Repetition  of  words 
by  memory.  ] 
E6t'ten  (rot'tn),  a.  Putrid  ; 

decayed  ;  unsound. 
Eot'ten-ness,  n.    A  putrid 

state  ;  putrefaction. 
Eo-tund',  a.    Round ;  circu- 
lar ;  spherical ;  complete. 
Eo-tiin'da  )  (18),  n.  A  build- 
Eo-tun'do  j       ing  circular 

within  and  without. 
Eo-tund'i-ty,  n.  Roundness ; 

sphericity. 
Eouge  (roozh),  n.  A  red  cos- 
metic—^^  t.    To  paint  or 
tinge  with  rouge. 
Bough  (ruf),  a.    Having  an 
uneven     surface ;    coarse  ; 
harsh  ;  rude  ;  uncivil ;  loud 
and  hoarse  ;  tempestuous. 
Bough'-east  (rUf/kast),  v.  t. 
To  cover  or  plaster  with  a 
mixture  of  lime  and  shells  or 
pebbles.— 71.  A  rude  model; 
plaster  mixed  with  shells  or 
pebbles. 
Bough'en  {vviPr\),v.  To  make 

or  become  rough. 
Bough'-hew  (rGfhu),  v.  t.  , 
To  hew  roughly  or  coarsely.  | 
Bough'ly  (riif'-).  adv.  Rug-  \ 

gedlv  ;  coarsely  harshly. 
Bough'ness  (rtif^-),  n.  Rug- 

gedness. 
Bough'-sh6d  (rtif^-),  a.  Hav- 
ing shoes  armed  with  points. 
Bou-lette'  (roo-letO,  n.  A 
game  of  chance,    [ing  press. 
Bounge,  w.  Handle  of  a  print- 
Bound,  a.   Spherical ;  circu- 
lar :  full ;  approximate.— n. 
A  circle ;  a  regular  course. 
—  r.    To  make  or  become 
round. — prep.    About;  on 
all  sides  of.—adiu   On  every 
side  ;  circularly. 
Bound'a-bout',   a.  Indirect. 
Bound'e-lay,  n.   A  kind  of 
song  or  poem  of  very  arti- 
ficial structure 


Bound'-head,  n.  A  Puritan. 
Bound'ing,  )  a.  Somewhat 
Bound'ish,  j  round. 
Bound'ly,  adv.    In  a  round 

form  ;  openly  ;  boldly. 
Bound'ness,  n.    Quality  of 

being  round ;  sphericity. 
Bound'-rob/in,  n.  A  petition 
or  other  writing  with  the 
names  of  the  signers  written 
in  a  circle. 
Bouge,  V.  t.    To  wake  from 

rest ;  to  start ;  to  excite. 
Bout,  n.  Defeat,  or  confusion 
from  defeat ;  a  multitude  ; 
fashionable  assembly.  —  v. 
t.    To  put  to  llight. 
Bpute  (root  or  rowt),  n.  A 

course  or  way. 
Ecu-tine'     (roo-teenO,  n. 

Round  or  course. 
Bove,  V.   i.    To  ramble  ;  to 
wander  ;  to  roam  ;  to  stroll. 
Bov'er,  n.  One  who  roves  ;  a 

wanderer  ;  a  pirate. 
Bow  (rou),  n.  A  riot. 
Bow  (r5),  n.  A  Hne  of  things. 

—  v.t.   To  impel  with  oars: 
Bow'el  (rou'el),  n.   The  Httle 
wheel  of  a  spur  ;  a  seton.  — 
V.  t.{S)  To  insert  a  rowel  in. 
Bow'en  (rou/en),n.  Second 

growth  of  grass, 
Boy'al,  a.  Regal ;  kingly. 
Boy'al-ist,  n.    An  adherent 

to  kingly  government. 
Boy'al-ly,  adv.    In  a  kingly 

manner. 
Boy'al-ty,  v.  Office,  state,  or 
i     character  of  a  king. 
Bub  (7),  V.  t.    To  wipe;  to 
scour.  —V.  i.      To  move 
along  with  pressure.— m. 
Friction  ;  difficulty. 
'  Bub'ber,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
I     which,    rubs  ;    a  decisive 
I     game  or  games. 
I  Bub'bish,  n.  Waste  matter  ; 
j     ruins  ;  fragments,  [redness. 
!  Bu'bi-€und,  a.    Inclining  to 
Bii'ble,  n.  A  silver  and  a  gold 

coin  of  Russia. 
Bu'bri«,      )  a.  Red  ;  placed 
I  Bii'bri-c-al,  )     in  rubrics. 
Bii'bri-e,  n.     Directions  in  a 
i     prayer-book  as  to  the  order 
j     of  services. 

1  Bu'bri-c-ate,  v.  t.     To  dis- 


RULE 

tinguish  with  red  ;    to  ar- 
range as  in  a  rubric. 
Bu'by  (19),  n.  A  gem  of  a  red 

color.  —  a.  Of  a  red  color. 
Bud'der,  n.   The  instrument 

by  which  a  ship  is  steered. 
BM'di-ness,  n.  Redness. 
Bud'dy,  a.    Of  a  red  color; 

red  ;  liorid. 
Bude,  a.  Uncivilized  ;  rough; 

coarse;  harsh. 
Bude'ly,    adv.     Roughly ; 

harshly. 
Biide'ness,  n.    Condition  of 
being  rude  ;  unevenness ;  in- 
1     civility ;  coarseness. 
Bu'di-nient,  n.    First  prin- 
'     ciple ;  element. 
Bu^di-ment'al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  elements ;  elementary. 
Bue,  n.    A  very  bitter  plant. 
—  V.  t.    To  lament;  to  re- 
gret ;  to  be  sorry  for. 
Bue'ful  (17),  a.  Sorrowful. 
Buff  (l),n.    A  plaited  cloth 

round  the  neck ;  ruffle. 
Buf'fian    (ruf/yan  or  iQffi- 
f  ""tin),  n.  A  boisterous,  brutal 
^    fellow  ;    a  cut-throat.  —  a. 

Brutal ;  savage  ;  vile. 
Buf'fian-igm    (rttfyan-  or 
rtif^li-an-),  n.    Act  or  con- 
duct of  a  ruffian. 
Biif'fle,  v.t.   To  wrinkle ;  to 
plait ;    to  discompose  ;  to 
vex;   to  disturb.  —  n.  A 
plaited  article  of  dress ;  dis- 
turbance ;  roll  of  a  drum. 
Bu'fous,  a.  Brownish  red. 
Bvig,  n.     A  coarse,  nappy, 

woolen  cloth  ;  a  mat. 
Bug'ged,  a.   Rough  ;  harsh  ; 

crabbed  ;  shaggy  ;  robust. 
Bug'ged-ness,  n.     Rough- . 

ness  ;  harshness. 
Bu'in,  n.     Overthrow ;  de- 
struction ;  remains  of  build- 
ings, &c.  — f.     To  destroy 
utterly  :  to  demolish. 
Bu'in-ous,  a.  Destructive; 

fatal ;  composed  of  ruins. 
Bul'a-ble,  a.  Conformable  to 
rule. 

Bule,  n.  That  by  which  any 
thing  is  regulated:  govern- 
ment; authority  ;  an  instru- 
ment for  drawing  Hues.  —  v. 
t.  To  govern  ;  to  mark  with 


&.  e,  1,0; 


Ty,  long;  5,  e,  1,  o, tt,  y,  skort ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  p.que,  firm  ; 


RULER 

lines.  —  V.  i.  To  have  power  I 
or  command  ;  to  decide.  I 

Kul'er,  n.  One  Avho  rules  ;  a 
governor  ;  an  instrument  i 
for  drawing  lines. 

Rum,  n.  A  spirituous  liquor 
distilled  from  molasses. 

Rum'ble,  V.  r.  To  make  a 
low,  heavy,  continued 
noise,  like  thunder. 

Rum'bling,n.  A  low,  heavy, 
continuous  sound. 

Ru'i^i-Jiant,  a.  Chewing  the 
cud.  — n.  An  animal  that 
chews  the  cud. 

Ru'ini-nate,  v.  i.  To  chew 
the  cud  ;  to  meditate. 

Ru'mi-iia'tion,  n.  Act  of  ru- 
minating ;  meditation. 

Rum'mage,  n.  A  close  search. 
—  v.t.  To  search  or  examine 
thoroughly. 

Ru'mor  (33),  n.  A  flying  or 
popular  report  or  story. — 
V.  t.    To  report. 

Rump,  n.  End  of  the  back- 
bone and  parts  adjacent. 

Rum'ple,  V.  t.  To  wrinkle  ; 
to  make  uneven.  —  n.  A 
wrinkle  ;  an  irregular  fold. 

Run,  V.  L  or  t.  [imp.  ran  or 
RUN  ;  p.  p.  RUN.]  To  move 
with  rapidity  ;  to  flow  ;  to 
melt ;  to  form  in  a  moid.  — 
n.     Flow  ;  course  ;  way  ; 


229 

small  stream  ;  result  ;  un- 
usual demands  on  a  bank,  i 

Run'a-gate,  \n.  A  fugitive; 

Run'a-way,  j  deserter ;  ren- 
egade, [der. 

Run'dle,  n.    Round  of  a  Jad- 

Rung,' &  p.p.  of  Ring. 

Run'let,      A  small  stream. 

Run'ner,  n.  One  who  runs  ; 
a  messenger  ;  a  part  on 
which  a  sled  slides. 

Run'net,  n.  See  Rennet. 

Runt,  n.  A  stunted  animal. 

Ru-pee',  n.   An  East  Indian 
com  ;  the  silver  rupee  is 
cents,  and  the  gold  7  dollars. 

Rupt'ure,  n.  A  breach ;  a 
burst;  hernia.  —  v.t.  To 
break  ;  to  burst. 

Ru'ral,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
country  ;  rustic. 

Ruse,  n.  Artifice ;  stratagem. 

Rtish  (18),  n.  A  violent  mo- 
tion or  course  ;  a  plant.  — 
V.  i.  To  pass  or  move  with 
vehemence. 

RushMight  (-lit),  n.  A  can- 
die  with  a  wick  made  of  a 
rush. 

Rush'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
rushes. 

Riisk,  n.  A  species  of  cake. 

Russ,  or  Russ,  a.  Pertaining 
to  Russia!'— n.  The  lan- 
guage of  the  Russians. 


SACRIFICE 

Rus'set,  a.  Of  a  reddish 
brown  color. 

Rus'set,        )  n.  An  apple  of 

Rus'set-ing,  j  a  russet  color. 

Rus'sian  (rOsh^an  or  vx}'- 
shan),  a.  Pertaining  to 
Russia. — n.  A  native,  or 
the  language,  of  Russia. 

Rust,  n.  A  crust  which  forms 
on  metals.  —  v.  To  make 
or  become  rusty. 

Rus'ti€  (5),  a.  Rural ;  rude ; 
inelegant;  simple.  —  n.  An 
inhabitant  of  the  country. 

Rus'ti€-ate,  v.  To  reside  in, 
or  banish  to,  the  country. 

Rus^ti-ea'tion,  n.  Residence 
in,  or  banishment  to,  the 
country. 

Rus-tiQ'i-ty,  n.  Rustic  man- 
ners ;  rudeness  ;  simplicity. 

Rust'i-ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  rusty. 

Rus'tle  (rus/1),  V.  i.  To  make 
a  quick  succession  of  small 
sounds,  like  the  rubbing  of 
silk  cloth  or  dry  leaves. 

Rust'y,  a.  Covered  »vith  rust. 

Rut,  n.  Track  worn  by  a 
wheel. 

Ru'ta-ba^ga,  n.    A  variety 

of  turnip. 
Ruth,  n.    Pity;  tenderness. 
Riith'less,  a.  Cruel ;  pitiless. 
Rfe  (rl),  n.   A  kind  of  grain. 


s. 


S1B'A-5tH,  or  Sa-ba'- 
oth,_n.    Armies;  hosts. 
Sab'ba-ta'ri-an,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  Sabbath. —  n.  A 
strict  observer  of  the  Sab- 
bath ;  one  who  regards  the 
seventh  day  as  holy. 
Sab'bath,  n.    The  day  of  re- 
ligious rest ;  Sunday . 
Sab-bat'i-e,      )  a.  Relating  to 
Sab-b^t'i-e-al, )  the  Sabbath. 
Sa'berl  (29), 
Sa'bre )  n.  A  ^^^^^^ 
sword  with  a       _  , 
broad  blade. 


Sa'ble,  n.  An  animal  of  the 
weasel  kind,  and  its  fur.  — 
a.    Dark ;  black. 

Sa-e  (5),  n.  A  little  bag  or  re- 
ceptacle for  some  animal  or 
vegetable  fluid. 

Sa€'€ha-rme,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  having  the  nature  of, 
sugar. 

SaQ'er-d6'tal,a.  Priestly. 

Sa'chem,  n.  An  Indian  chief. 

Sack  (5),  M.  A  bag  ;  pillage  of 
a  town  ;  a  loose  upper  gar- 
ment ;  a  sweet  wine.  — v.  t. 
To  pillage  ;  to  plunder. 


S&ck'but,  n.  A  brass  wind  in- 
strument of  music,  [sacks. 

Sack'-eloth,  n.      Cloth  for 

Sa-e'ra-ment,  w.  A  solemn 
religious  ordinance,  espe- 
cially the  Lord's  Supper. 

Sa-e'ra-ment'al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  sacrament. 

Sa'€red,  a.  Pertaining  to 
God  or  religion.  —  SYJf. 
Holy  ;  divine  ;  consecrated. 

Sa'€red-ly,  adv.  Religiously. 

Sa'-ered-ness,  n.  State  op 
quaUty  of  being  sacred. 

Sa-e'ri-flce  (-fiz),  v.  t.  To  offer 


B6n,  or,  cks,  wglf,  UTo,  tcTok;  firn,  rye,  pyll ;  f,  *,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as;  e^ist  \  q  as  ng;  this. 


SACRIFICIAL 


230 


SALUTATION 


to  God  in  worship ;  to  de- 
stroy ;  to  give  up  with  loss. 
—  n.  An  offering  to  God; 
any  loss  incurred. 

Sa€^ri-fi'cial  (-fish/al),  a. 
Pertaining  to  sacrifice. 

Sa-e'ri-lege,  n.  A  violation  of 
sacredr-things. 

Sa^^ri-le'gious,  a.  Violating 
sacred  things ;  involving  sac- 
rilege ;  profane ;  impious. 

Sa^^ri-le'gious-ly,  adv.  Im- 
pioasly ;  profanely. 

Sa€'ris-tan,  w.  A  sexton. 

Sa-e'ris-ty,  n.  A  vestry  room. 

SM,  a.  Sorrowful ;  gloomy  ; 
cheerless ;  grave. 

Sd,d'den  (sad'dn),  v.  To  make 
or  become  sad. 

Sad'dle,  n.  A  seat  for  the 
back  of  a  horse. —  v.  t.  To 
put  a  saddle  on.  [dies. 

Sad'dler,  n.  A  maker  of  sad- 

S3<d'd.ler-y,  n.  Materials  for 
saddles  and  harnesses. 

SM'dle-tree,  n.  The  frame  of 
a  saddle. 

SM'du-gee,  n.  One  of  a  Jew- 
ish sect  which  denied  the 
resurrection.  [iron. 

Sad'-i^ron  (-i/urn),  n.  A  flat- 

SM'ly ,  arlv.  In  a  sad  manner ; 
sorrowfully.  [sad. 

SM'ness,  n.    State  of  being 

Safe,  Free  from  danger; 
secure.  —  n.  A  place  to  se- 
cure provisions,  money,  &c. 

Safe'-eon^duct,  n.  A  convoy 
or  guard ;  a  pass  or  warrant 
of  security. 

Safe'guard,  n.  A  thing  that 
protects  ;  a  defense  ;  a  pass- 
port ;  a  safe-conduct. 

Safe'ly,  adv.  Securely. 

Safe'ty  (10),  n.  Freedom  from 
danger  or  loss  ;  security.  . 

Safe'ty-vaive,  n.  A  valve  by 
which  a  steam-boiler  is  pre- 
served from  bursting. 

saffron,  n.  A  plant  bearing 
a  yellow  flower.  —  a.  Like 
saffron. 

Sag,  V.  i.  To  swag ;  to  incline. 
Sa-ga'ciou8,  a.  Of  keen  pen- 
etration    and    judgment  ; 
sage ;  wise, 
j  Sa-ga'cioiis-ly,  adv.  With 
i  sagacity. 


Sa-g&Q'i-ty,  n.  Quick  dis- 1 
cernment;  penetration. 

Sag'a-m5re,  n.  An  Indian 
chief ;  a  sachem. 

Sage,  a.  Wise  ;  sagacious  ; 
discreet.  —  n.  A  wise  man  ; 
a  plant  or  herb. 

Sage'ly,  adv.  Wisely  ;  saga- 
ciously ;  acutely. 

Sag'it-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
an  arrow. 

Sa'go,  n.  Granulated  starch 
from  a  species  of  palm. 

Said  (sed,  14),  imp.  &  p.p.  of 
Say. 

Sail,  n.  A  ship's  canvas;  a 
ship  of  any  kind  ;  excursion 
on  the  water. — v.  To  be 
conveyed  on  the  water,  with 
or  without  sails ;  to  fly 
through ;  to  manage,  as  a 
vessel. 

Sail'-eloth,  n.  Canvas  used 
for  making  sails. 

Sail'-loft,  n.  A  loft  or  room 
where  sails  are  made. 

Sai'lor,  n.    A  seaman. 

SaiP-yard,  n.  Yard  or  spar 
on  which  sails  are  extended. 

Saint,  n.  One  eminent  for 
piety. — v.  t.  To  make  a 
saint  of ;  to  canonize. 

Saint 'ed,  a.    Holy  ;  sacred. 

Saint'ly,  a.  Resembling  a 
saint ;  holy. 

Sake,  n.  Final  cause  ;  pur- 
pose ;  end  ;  reason. 

Sal'a-ble  (ll),a.  Fitforsale. 

Sa-la'cious,  a.  Lustful ;  lewd. 

Sal'ad,  n.  Food  of  raw  herbs. 

Sal'a-man/der,  n.  A  small 
reptile,  formerly  thought  to 
be  able  to  live  in  fire. 

SaPa-ried,  a.  Having  a  salary. 

SaPa-ry(19),  A  stated  al- 
lowance for  services. 

Sale,  n.  Act  of  selling  ;  mar- 
ket ;  demand. 

SaPe-ra'tus,  n.  A  bi-ca-bo- 
nate  of  potash,  used  in 
cookery. 

Sales'man  (21),  n.  One  em- 
ployed to  sell  goods. 

SaPi-C,  a.  Designating  a  law 
which  excludes  females  from 
the  throne. 

Sa'li-ent,  a.  Shooting  out  or 
up  ;  hence,  prominent. 


SaPi-fPa-ble  (13),  a.  Capa- 
ble  of  becoming  a  salt. 

SaPi-fy,  V.  t.  To  form  into  a 
salt,  as  a  base. 

Sa-llne',  or  Sa'lme,  a.  Salt. 
—  n.    A  salt  spring. 

Sa-lPva,  n.  The  fluid  secret- 
ed in  the  mouth ;  spittle. 

SaPi-va-ry,  a.  Secreting  sa- 
liva, as  the  glands. 

SaPi-vate,  v.  t.  To  excite  an 
unusual  discharge  of  saliva 
in,  as  by  the  use  of  mercury. 

SaPi-va'tion,  n.  A  continued 
unnatural  flow  of  saliva. 

SaPlow,  a.  Of  a  pale,  sickly, 
yellow  color.  —  n.  A  tree  or 
shrub  of  the  willow  kind. 

SaP15w-nes9,  n.  Paleness 
tinged  with  a  dark  yellow. 

SaPly ,  n.  A  sudden  eruption ; 
wild  gayety.  —  v.  i.  To  leap 
or  rush  out. 

SaPly-port,  n.  A  gate 
through  which  troops  sally. 

SaPma-gun'di,  n.  Chopped 
meat  and  pickled  herring, 
seasoned  with  oil,  vinegar, 
&c. 

SaPmon  (sSm^un),  n.  A  large 
fish,  of  a  yellowish  red  color. 

Sa-ldbn',  n.  A  spacious  and 
elegant  apartment. 

SaPsi-fy,  n.   A  garden  plant. 

Salt,  n.  A  substance  used  for 
seasoning  food ;  an  old  sai- 
lor ;  a  combination  of  an  acid 
with  a  base.  —  v.  t.  To 
sprinkle  with  salt. 

Sal-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  leaping. 

SaPta-to-ry,  a.  Leaping  or 
dancing,  or  used  therein. 

Salt'-gei'lar,  n.  A  small  dish 
for  salt  at  table. 

Saltiness,  n.    Taste  of  salt. 

Salt-pe'ter,  )  n.    A  mineral 

Salt-pe'tre,  j  salt  composed 
of  nitric  acid  and  potash. 

Salt'-rheum  (-rijm),  n.  An 
affection  of  the  skin. 

Sa-lii'bri-ous,  a.  Healthful. 

Sa-lu'bri-ty,  n.  Healthful- 
ness  ;  wholesomeness. 

SaPu-ta-ry,  a.  Promoting 
health  or  safety. 

SaPu-taaion,n.  Act  of  greet- 
ing another.  —  Syn.  Greet- 
ing ;  salute ;  address. 


a,  C, T,  0 ,u,  y,  long;  5,  e, !,  6, tt,  5^,  short ;  care,  car,  &sk,  gU,  wh^t ;  ere,  Tgil,  term ;  pYqup,  Hrm ; 


SALUTATORIAN  231 


SATIATE 


Sa-lu'ta-to'ri-an,  n.  A  stu- 
dent who  pronounces  a  sal- 
utatory oration. 

Sa-lu'ta-to-ry,  a.  Contain- 
ing salutations  or  a  welcome. 

Sa-lute',  t.  To  greet;  to 
hail ;  to  kiss ;  to  honor.  — 
n.  Act  of  saluting  ;  a  kiss  ; 
discharge  of  cannon. 

Sai'va-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing saved. 

Sai' vage ,  n .  Reward  for  sav- 
ing a  ship  or  its  cargo. 

Gal-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  sav- 
ing ;  preservation, especially 
preservation,  from  eternal 
misery. 

Salve  (sdv),  n.    A  substance 
for  covering  wounds  or  sores. 
SaPver,  n.    A  plate  or  waiter 

to  present  something  on. 
Z^Vyo,  n.  [pi.  Sai'vo§,  18.) 
An  exception;  military  or 
naval  salute  ;  a  volley. 
Same,  n.    Identical ;  not  dif- 
ferent or  other ;  similar. 
Same'ness,    n.      Identity  ; 

resemblance;  similarity. 
Sa'mi-el,  n.    A  destructive 
wind  from  the  desert,  in 
Arabia ;  the  simoom. 
Samp,  n.  Maize  broken  coarse, 

and  boiled  with  milk. 
SS-m'phire  (or  sam/fur),  n. 
A  plant  growing  by  the  sea- 
shore, and  used  as  a  pickle. 
Sam'ple,  n.    A  specimen. 
SS-m'pler ,  n .    A  collection  of 

needle-work  ;  patterns. 
San'a-tive,   I  a.  Adapted  to 
San'a-to-ry^ )  cure ;  healing. 
San-e^ti-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 

sanctifying. 
San-e'ti-fy(13),  v.  t.  To  make 

sacred  or  holy. 
San-e-'ti-mo'nl-ous,  a.  Ap- 
pearing holy  ;  saintly. 
San€'ti-mo-ny,  n.  Hypo- 
critical devoutness. 
San-c'tion,  n.     That  which 
confirms  ;   solemn  ratifica- 
tion.— V.  t.  To  ratify  ;  to  give 
sanction  or  authority  to. 
S§.n-c'ti-ty,  n.  Holiness  ;  puri- 
ty ;  religious  binding  fbrce. 
San-et'u-a-ry,  n.    A  sacred 
place  ;   house  of  worship  ' 
place  of  refuge. 


San€'tum,  n.    A  place  of  re- 
treat for  privacy. 
Sa,nd,  n.  Fine 
particles  of 
stony  matter. 
San'dal,n.  A 

kind  of  shoe  Sandals. 
or  slipper. 
S^n'dal-wobd,  n.  A  yellow, 
fragrant  Kastern  wood,  and 
the  tree  producing  it.  I 
S3,n'di-ver,  n.     A  whitish 

scum  on  melted  glass.  I 
S^nd'stone,  H.    A  rock  made 
of  sand  more  or  less  firmly  j 
united.  j 
S3,nd'wich,  n.     Pieces  of 
bread  and  butter  with  a 
slice  of  meat  between  them. 
—  V.  t.  To  make  into  a  sand-  i 
wich,  or  into  something Uke 
one  ;  to  interlard.  | 
San'dy,  a.   Full  of  sand;  of 

the  color  of  sand. 
Sane,  a.  Sound  in  mind;  not 
deranged  ;  whole  ;  healthy, 
sang,  imp.  of  Sing. 
San'ga-ree',  n.  Sweetened 
aiid  spiced  wine  and  water. 
Sang-froid  (song-frw.V),  n. 

Cool  blood;  indifference. 
San-guif'er-ous,  a.  Convey- 
ing blood. 
San'gui-na-ry,  a.  Bloody; 

eager  to  shed  blood  ;  cruel. 
San'guine  (siiug/gwin),  a. 
Red,   like  blood;   full  of 
blood;  confident;  full  of 
hope.         [ing  with  blood. 
San-gum'e-ous,  a.  Abound- 
San'he-drmi,  n.     The  su- 
preme council  of  the  Jews. 
Sa'ni-ous,  a.    Pertaining  to, 
or  emitting,  a  thiu  watery 
fluid. 

San'i-ta-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 

health.  [mind. 
San'i-ty,  n.    Soundness  of 
Sank,  imp.  of  Sink. 
San's-erit, )  n.    The  ancient 
San'skrit,  j    language  of 

Hindostan. 
Sap,  n.    Vital  juice  of  plants. 

—  V.  t.    To  undermine;  to 

subvert  by  digging. 
Sap'id,  a.  Well  tasted ;  having 
I     a  relish ;  savory.  [ness. 
1  Sa-pid'i-ty,  n.  taste ;  savori- 


Sa'pl-enge,  «.  Wisdom. 
Sa'pi-ent,  a.  Wise ;  sagacioua 
S^p'less,  a.    Having  no  sap ; 

dry  ;  withered. 
Sap'ling,  n.    A  young  tree. 
Sap^o-na'ceous,  a.  Having 

the  qualities  of  soap ;  soapy. 
Sa-p6n'i-fy,  v.  t.    To  convert 

into  soap.  [relish. 
Sa'por,  n.     Taste ;  savor*, 
Sap'phi€  (sSfik),  a.  Per- 
taining to  Sappho,  a  Grecian 

poetess. 
Sap'phire  (sarir  or  sifur),  n. 

A  precious  stone. 
SS,p'phir-ine  (safur-in),  a. 

Made  of,  or  like,  sapphire. 
SS,p'py,a.  Full  of  sap  ;  juicy. 
S^r'a-band,    n.     A  grave 

Spanish  dance. 
Sar'-eagm.n.  Bitter  reproach. 
Sar-eas'ti€,      I  a.  Bitterly 
Sar-eas'ti€-al,  j  satirical; 

scornfully  severe. 
Sarge'net,  n.    A  fine,  thin 

silk,  used  for  linings,  &c. 
Sar-c6ph'a-gns,  n.   A  stone 

coffin. 

Sar'di-us,  n.  A  precious 
stone  ;  a  carnelian. 

Sar-d6n'i€,  a.  Forced,  heart- 
less, or  bitter;  —  said  of  a 
laugh  or  smile. 

Sar'do-nyx,  n.  A  precious 
stone  of  a  reddish  yellow 
color,  allied  to  the  onyx. 

Sar'sa-pa-ril'la,  n.  A  species 
of  medicinal  plant. 

sash,  n.  Ornamental  belt  or 
band ;  a  window-frame. 

Sas'sa-fras,  n.  A  certain  tree 
that  has  an  aromatic  bark. 

Sat,  imp.  of  Sit. 

Saltan,  n.  The  great  adver- 
sary of  man  ;  the  devil. 

Sa-tan'i-e,     {a.  Having  the 

Sa-tan'i-e-al,  )  qualities  of 
Satan  ;  very  wicked. 

Satch'el,  n.  A  little  sack  or 
bag  for  books  and  papers. 

Sate,  V.  t.  To  satisfy;  to 
glut ;  to  satiate  ;  to  surfeit. 

Sat'el-lite,  w.  A  small  planet 
revolving  round  a  larger ;  an 
obsequious  attendant. 

Sa'ti-ate  (sa/shi-at),  v.  t.  To 
fill  or  gratify  to  the  utmost;     j  ' 
to  satisfy  ;  to  sate.  | 


B6n,  or,  do,  wglf,  too,  tdbk  ;  tlrn,  rjje,  prill ;  9,     soft;  e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;     as  ng ;  this. 


SATIATE 


232 


SUAivijriiiK 


Sa'ti-ate,  a.  Filled  to  satiety. 

Sa-ti'e-ty,  n.  Fullness  beyond 
desire  or  pleasure. 

Safin,  n.    A  glossy  silk. 

SaVin-et',  n.  A  woolen  cloth. 

Sat'ire  {in  Eng.  Siit-'ur),  n. 
A  discourse  or  poem  con- 
taining severe  censure ; 
trenchant  wit. 

Sa-tir'i€,     }  «.  Censorious ; 

Sa-tir'i€-al,  j  sarcastic ;  se- 
vere in  language. 

Sa-tir'i€-al-ly,  adv.  With 
satire.  [satire. 

52,  t'ir-ist,  n.  One  wlio  writes 
Sat'ir-ize,  v.  t.   To  make  the 

object  of  satire. 

Sat/is-fa€'tion,  n.  Content ; 
gratification  of  desire  ;  that 
which  satisfies. 

SS,t/is-fa€'to-ri-ly,  adv.  So 
as  to  give  content. 

Sa-t^ls-fac'to-ry,  a.  Giving 
content ;  making  amends. 

Sat'is-fy,  v.  t.  To  content ; 
to  discharge,  as  a  debt,  &c. ; 
to  give  assurance  to. 

Sa'trap,  or  Sat'rap,  n.  Gov- 
ernor of  a  province  in  an- 
cient Persia. 

SS-fu-ratej-u.  t.  To  cause  to 
become  completely  soaked. 

53,  t/u-ra'tion,  n.  State  of 
being  saturated. 

SS.t'ur-day,  n.  The  last  day 
of  the  week. 

Sat'urn,  n.  A  remote  planet. 

Sat^ur-na'li-a,  n.  pi.  Festi- 
val of  Saturn ;  unrestrained 
license  and  merriment. 

Sftt/ur-na'li-an,  a.  Riotously 
merry ;  dissolute. 

Sa.t'ur-nme,  a.  Grave ; 
heavy;  dull;  phlegmatic. 

Sa'tyr,  n.  A  fabulous  sylvan 
deity,  half  man,  half  goat. 

Sauge,  n.  Something  eaten 
with  food  to  improve  its 
relish,  —  v.  t.  To  apply 
sauce  to ;  to  be  impudent  or 
saucy  to. 

Sauge'bdx,  n.  A  saucy  fellow. 

Sau'ger,  n.  A  vessel  for  a 
teacup. 

Sau'gi-ly,  adv.  Impudently. 
Sau'gy,  a.    Pert ;  impudent. 
Saun'ter  (san'ter),  v.  t.  To 
Avander  about  idly. 


Sau'ri-an,  n.  A  reptile  of  the 

lizard  kind. 
Sau'sage,    n.     A   roll  of 

ininced  and  highly  seasoned 

meat  stuffed  into  a  skin. 
Sav'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable  of 

being  saved. 
S^v'age,  «.      Uncivilized  ; 

barbarous  ;  cruel.  —  n.  An 

uncivilized  person  ;  one  who 

delights  in  cruelty.  [ly. 
S5,v'age-ly,  adv.  Barbarous- 
Sav'age-ness,  n.  Barbarous- 

ness  ;  cruelty  ;  wildness. 
Sav'age-ry,  n.  Barbarity. 
Sa-van'na  (18),  n.    An  open 

meadow  or  plain. 
Savant  (sa^vong'),  n.  A  man 

of  learning. 
Save,  V.  t.    To  preserve;  to 

rescue  ;  to  spare  ;  to  except. 

—  V.  i.   To  avoid  expense. 
Sav'ing,  a.     Frugal  ;  eco- 
nomical. —  n.    That  which 

is  saved.  —  prep.    With  the 

exception  of. 
Sav'ior   I  (33),  n.    One  who 
Sav'iour  )     preserves  ;  our 

Lord  Jesus  Christ. 
Sa'vor  (33),  n.  Taste  ;  relish  ; 

odor  ;  smell ;  scent.  —  v.  i. 

To  have  a  taste  or  smell. 
Sa'vor-y,  a.    Pleasing  to  the 

taste  or  smell .  [bage. 
Sa-voy',  n.  A  kind  of  cab- 
Saw,  n.    An  instrument  to 

"cut  boards,  &c. ;  a  saying ;  a 

proverb. — v.  t.  or  /.  [imp. 

SAWED  ;    p.    p.  SAWED, 

SAWN.]  To  cut  or  divide 
with  a  saw. 

Saw'-pit,  n.  A  pit  for  a  man 
to  stand  in  when  sawing 
timber  placed  over  it. 

Saw'yer,  n.  One  whose  oc- 
cupation is  to  saw  wood,  &c. 

Sax'i-fra^e,  n.  A  hardy 
plant  growing  on  rocks. 

Sax'on  {or  silks/n),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  Saxons.  — n. 
The  language  of  the  Saxons. 

Say  (14),  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SAID.]  To  speak  ;  to  utter  ; 
to  tell  ;  to  affirm  ;  to  re- 
cite ;  to  report.  —  n.  A 
speech ;  something  said. 

Say'ing,  n.  An  expression  ; 
sentence  uttered ;  a  maxim. 


S-c3,b,  w.  Incrustation  over 
a  sore  or  wound.  [sword. 

S^ab'bard,  n.    Sheath  of  a 

S-eab'bed,  a.  Covered  with 
scabs,  paltry,  vile. 

S-eaVby,  a.    Full  of  scabs. 

S^a'brous,  a.  Having  short, 
hard  points ;  rough  ;  rugged. 

Scaffold,  n.  A  staging  for 
workmen,  or  for  the  execu- 
tion of  a  criminal. 

S-eaf'fold-ing,  n.  Frame  or 
structure  for  temporary  sup- 
port. 

S^agl-io'la  (skal-yo'-),  n.  A 
species  of  stucco  made  to 
imitate  marble. 

S-ea-lade',  n.  Assault  with 
ladders  on  a  besieged  place. 

S-eald,  V.  t.  To  burn  by  a 
hot  liquid  or  steam.  —  n.  A 
burning  with  hot  liquor  or 
steam  ;  scurf  on  the  head. 

Seald,  n.  An  old  Norse  bard. 

S-cald'-head,  n.  An  eruptive 
disorder  of  the  hairy  scalp. 

S€ale,  n.  Divsh  of  a  balance  ; 
one  of  the  membranous  or 
bony  pieces  forming  the 
covering  of  a  fish  ;  grada- 
tion ;  gamut. — V.  t.  To 
strip  of  scales  ;  to  mount 
by  or  as  if  by  a  ladder. — 
V.  i.  To  clear  of  scales  ;  to 
take  off  in  thin  layers. 

S^a-lene',  a.  Having  three 
unequal  sides  and  angles. 

S-ea'li-ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  scaly. 

Scall'ion,  n.  A  plant  allied 
to  the  onion. 

S<;al'lop,  n.  A  marine  shell- 
fish; a  curved  indentation 
on  the  edge  of  any  thing.  — 
V.  t.  To  cut  the  edge  of 
into  segments  of  circles. 

S^aip,  n.  Skin  of  the  top  of 
the  head.  — f.  t.  To  take 
off  the  scalp  of.  [knife. 

S^aip'el,   n.     A  surgeon's 

S^al'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
scales  ;  rough. 

S^am'mo-ny,  n.  A  plant 
and  an  inspissated  sap  ob- 
tained from  it. 

S-e3,mp,  n.  A  knavish  fellow. 

S^^mp'er,  v.  /.  To  run  with 
speed  or  hurry. 


5, e, T,  5,  Q,  5^,  long /  o, Xi,^, short ;  care, car,  isk,  aU, wh^t  j  gre,  vqU,  term ;  pique,  «rm  ; 


SCAN 


233 


SCINTILLATE 


S«a,n  {!),  V.  t.  To  examine 
closely  ;  to  measure  by 
counting  the  poetic  feet. 

S-ean'dal,  n.  Imputed  dis- 
grace ;  defamatory  speech  or 
report  ;  calumny. 

S€an'dal-Ize,  t'.  t.  To  offend  ; 
to  defame  ;  to  reproach. 

S€an'dal-ous,  a.  Disgraceful 
to  reputation  ;  defamatory. 

S^an'ning,  n.  Act  of  resolv- 
ing a  verse  into  its  com- 
ponent feet. 

Scan'sion,  n.  Act  of  scan- 
ning verse.  [climbing. 

S€an-s5'ri-al,  a.  Adapted  to 

S-eant,  v.  t.  To  limit  ;  to 
straiten  ;  to  make  scanty. — 
a.  Scarcely  sufficient.  — 
adc.   Not  quite. 

S-eant'i-ly,  I  ai/i*.    Not  fully 

S€ant'ly,    )    or  sufficiently. 

S^ant'i-ness,  )  n.    Want  of 

S^ant'ness,   j  sufficiency. 

S-cant'ling,  n.  A  narrow- 
piece  of  timber. 

Scarify ,  n.  Hardly  sufficient ; 
sparing ;  niggardly  ;  scant. 

S€ape,  n.  A  peduncle  rising 
from  the  ground  and  bear- 
ing the  fructification  in  its 
apex. 

S<;ape'-g6at  (17),  n.  One 
who  suffers  for  the  misdeeds 
of  others. 

S^ape'-graQe,  n.  A  grace- 
less, hair-brained  fellow. 

S-ea,p'u-la,  n.  [pi.  S-eap'u-lse.) 
The  shoulder-blade. 

S^^p'u-lar,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  shoulder  or  scapula. 

S€ap'u-la-ry,  n.  Part  of  an 
ecclesiastical  habit. 

S«ar,  n.  Mark  of  a  wound.  — 
V.  t.   To  mark  with  a  scar. 

S-earQe,a.  Uncommon  ;  rare  ; 
not  abundant. 

ScarQe'ly,  adv.  Hardly  ; 
with  difficulty. 

S-ear'gi-ty,  n.  Deficiency  ; 
want ;  lack  ;  dearth. 

S-eare,  ^'.  t.  To  terrify  sud- 
denly ;  to  frighten ;  to  af- 
fright. 

S-care'-erow,  n.  A  thing  set 
up  to  frighten  birds. 

S-earf  (18),  n.  A  loose  cover- 
ing of  cloth ;  part  cut  away 


from  a  timber  to  make  it 
form  a  joint  with  another. 
—  V.  t.  "To  throw  on  loose- 
ly ;  to  cut  a  scarf  on,  as  for 
a  joint  on  timber. 

S€arf'-skm,  n.  Outer  thin 
skin  ;  cuticle. 

S€ar/i-fI-€a'tion,  n.  A  slight 
incision  of  the  sldn. 

Sear'i-fy,  f.  t.  To  scratch 
and  cut,  as  the  skin.  [ver. 

S-ear^la-ti'na,  n.    Scarlet  fe- 

S-ear-iat'i-ncus,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  scarlet  fever. 

S-eiir'let,  n.  An  orange-red 
color.  —  a.  Of  an  orange- 
red  color. 

S^ar'lct  Fe'ver.  A  conta- 
gious disorder,  characterized 
by  a  scarlet  rash. 

S-carp,  n.  Interior  slope  of  a 
ditch  nearest  the  parapet. 

S-eath,   )v.t.    To  do  harm 

Scathe, )  to  ;  to  injure  ;  to 
damage ;  to  destroy. 

Sc^th'less,  a.  Withoutharm. 

S-eat'ter,  v,  t.  To  spread 
thinly  ;  to  disperse  ;  to  dis- 
sipate ;  to  strew  about. 

S€^v'en-ger,  n.  One  em- 
ployed to  clean  streets. 

Sgene,  n.  A  stage  ;  subordi- 
nate part  of  a  play  ;  exhibi- 
tion ;  place  of  exhibition. 

Sgen'er-y,  7i.  Painted  rep- 
resentation of  the  scenes  in 
a  play  ;  landscape. 

SQen'i-c.  or  Sge'iii-e,  )  a.Dra- 

Sgen'i-e-al  (sen^-),  j  matic ; 
theatrical. 

Sge-ndg/ra-phy,  n.  Repre- 
sentation in  perspective. 

SgSnt,  n.  Odor  ;  smell ;  sense 
of  smell.  —  V.  t.  To  smell  ; 
to  perfume. 

SgSnt'less,  a.  Having  no 
smell. 

SgSp'ter,  )  n.  Ensign  of  roy- 
Sgep-tre,  j  alty. 
S€ep'ti€,  n.  See  Skeptic. 
S-ehed'ule  (sked'yijl),  n.  An 

inventory     of  property, 

debts,  &c. ;  list ;  catalogue. 
Scheme  (skem),  n.   A  plan  ; 

project ;  contrivance.  —  v.  t. 

To  plan  ;  to  contrive. 
S-chem'er,  w.  A  contriver. 
Schism  (sizm),  n.  Division 


or  separation,  especially  in 
a  church. 
Schig-mat'ic  (siz-mat'ik),  n. 

One  guilty  of  schism. 
Schis-mat'i€     I  (^*iz-),  a. 
Schis-mat'i-e-al )  Pertaining 
to, "or  partaking  of,  schism. 
S€h61'ar  (skoPar),  n.  A  learn- 
er ;  a  learned  person ;  a  pu- 
pil ;  a  disciple. 

S€h61'ar-llke, )  a.   Like,  or 
S€h61'ar-ly,     j  becoming, 
a  scholar.  [erudition. 

S-chol'ar-ship,  n.  Learning  ; 

S-cho-ias'ti-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  school,  or  to  the  school- 
men of  the  middle  ages. 

S-cho-las'ti-Qism,  n.  The 
method  or  the  subtilties  of 
the  schools.  [tor. 

S€h6'li-ast,  n.  A  commenta- 

S€hoai-um,  71.  (Lat.  pi. 
S«ho'li-a ;  Ens-  pi-  S€h5'- 
li-um§.)  An  explanatory 
observation. 

School  (skobl),  n.  A  place  of 
discipline  and  instruction  ; 
a  sect.  —  V.  t.  To  instruct  ; 
to  tutor  ;  to  discipHne. 

S€hdbl'-feP15w,  n.  One  bred 
at  the  same  school  and  time 
with  another. 

S-chdbl'-house,  n.  A  house 
for  a  school. 

SchdbPing,  n.  Instruction. 

S€ho~oPman  (21),  n.  One 
versed  in  scholastic  divinity. 

S-ehdbP-mas/ter,  n  .  A  male 
teacher  of  a  school. 

S-ehobn'er,  n.    A  JMrn 
small,  sharp-built 
vessel,       usually  ^^^^k- 
with  two  masts.  W^SM^ 

Sgi-at'i€,  a.  ^^'i^^' ^cIioouqu 
ing  the  hip. 

Sgi-at'i€-a,  n.  Rheumatism 
in  the  hip. 

Sgi'enge,  n.  Knowledge  ;  col- 
lection of  general  principles ; 
philosophical  knowledge. 

Sgi'en-tif  ic,     )  a.  Accord- 

SgFen-tif  ic-al,  j  ing  to,  or 
versed  in,  science. 

Sgmail-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sparkling  or  twinkling. 

Sgin'til-late,  v.  t.  To  emit 
sparks  ;  to  sparkle  ;  to 
twinkle. 


96n,  or,  do.  wolf,  too,  took :  firn,  rne,  pull ;  C,  §,  soft ;  €,  g.  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


SCIOLISM 


234 


SCROFULA 


SQi'o-lism,  n.  Superficial 

knowledge. 
SgPo-list,  n.     A  superficial 

scholar  ;  a  smatterer. 
Sgi'on,  n.    Shoot  of  a  plant 

cut  for  ingrafting. 
S-cir-rhos'i-tj  (rl:lr-ros/-),  n. 

A  morbid  induration,  as  of 

a  gland. 
S-cir'rhous  (skir^rus),  a.  In- 
durated. 
S-cir'rhus  (skir^rus),  n.  A 

hard  tumor  in  the  llesh. 
SQis'sion  (sizVun),  n.    A  di- 

Tiding  by  means  of  a  sharp 

instrument. 
Scis'sors  (siz^zurz),  n.  A 

small  cutting  instrument. 
S-eie-rot'i-e,  a.  Hard  or  firm, 

as  the  outer  coat  of  the  eye. 
S-eoff  or       To  treat 

■with  scorn ;  to  mock  ;  to 

jeer.  —  n.     Expression  of 

scorn  ;  mockery  ;  derision. 
S-eold,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  find  fault ; 

to  chide.  —  w.     One  who 

scolds  ;  a  shrew. 
S€old'ing,  n.  Act  of  chiding. 
S-ednge,  n.    A  fixed  hanging 

or  projecting   candlestick  ; 

the  skull ;  sense. 
S€obp,  n.    A  large  ladle  ;  a 

sweep.  — V.  t.  To  lade  out  ; 

to  cut  into  a  hollow. 
S€6pe,  n.   Sweep  or  range  of 

the  eye  or  mind;  that  at 

which  one  aims  ;  free  course. 

—  Syn.    Space  ;  room  ;  in- 
tention ;  tendency ;  drift. 
S-eor-bu'ti-c,  a.  Diseased  with 

scurv}^ 

S-eorch,  v.  t.-  To  burn  on  the 
surface. 

S-Core,  n.  A  notch  ;  a  tally- 
mark  ;  twenty  ;  a  reckoning  ; 
account.  —  v.  t.  To  notch  ; 
to  cut ;  to  mark  ;  to  charge. 

S-eo'ri-a,  n.  Dross ;  recre- 
ment ;  slag. 

S-eorn,  n.  Extreme  and  pas- 
sionate contempt. — v.  t.  To 
hold  in  extreme  contempt ; 
to  contemn  ;  to  disdain. 

S-corn'er,  n.  One  who  scorns. 

S€6rn'ful  (17),  a.  Full  of 
scorn  ;'  expressive  of  scorn  ; 
I  disdainful;  haughty;  con- 
temptuous. 


Scorpion. 


S-eor'pl-on,  n.  A 

reptile. 
S-eot,  n.    A  na-l 
tive    of  Scot- 
land ;  a  tax  or 
fine. 

S-eotch.,  a.  Pertaining  to  Scot- 
land.—  V.  t.  To  stop,  as  a 
wheel,  from  rolling  back  ;  to 
cut  slightly. 

Scotch'-eoPlops,  Veal 
cut  into  small  pieces. 

S€6t'-free,  a.  Excused  from 
payment. 

S-eot'ti-Qigm,  n.  An  idiom  of 
the  Scots. 

S^ot'tish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Scotland  or  to  the  Scots. 

S-eoun'drel,  n.  A  mean, 
worthless  fellow  ;  a  rascal. 

S'COun'drel-ism,  w.  Conduct 
of  a  scoundrel. 

S-eour,  V.  t.  To  clean  by  rub- 
bing hard. 

S-eourge  (skfirj),  M.  A  whip  ; 
a  lash  ;  punishment.  — v.  t. 
To  whip  severely. 

S«out,  n.  One  sent  to  dis- 
cover the  movements  and 
condition  of  an  enemy  ;  a 
spy.  —  V.  i.  To  act  as  a 
scout.  —  V.  t.  To  sneer  at. 

S-eow,  n.  A  large  flat-bot- 
tomed boat. 

S-eowl,  ^*.  I.  To  wrinkle  the 
brows  in  displeasure.  —  n. 
A  wrinkling  of  the  brows  in 
frowning. 

S-er^b'ble,  v.  To  scrape  rude- 
ly ;  to  scramble:  to  scrawl. 

S-erag,  n.  Something  lean 
aad  thin  ;  a  neck-piece  of 
meat. 

S-erS,g'ged, )  a.  Broken  ;  lean 
S^rag'gy,   j     and  rough. 
S-erS,g'gi-ness,  n.  llugged- 

ness  of  surface ;  leanness. 
S-eram'ble,  v.  i.  To  clamber 

with  hands  and  knees.  —  n. 

A  scrambling  or  climbing. 
S-erap,  n.    A  little  piece  ;  a 

fragment ;  a  crumb';  a  bit. 
S^r^p'-bdbk,  n.    A  blank 

book  for  extracts. 
Scrape,  v.  t.  To  rub  with  a 

rough  tool.  —  V.  i.  To  make 

an  awkward  bow.  —n.  A 

disagreeable  predicament. 


S-crap'er,  n.  An  instrument 
for  scraping  and  cleaning. 

S-cratch,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  rub 
and  tear  the  surface  of. — 
71.  A  slight  wound ;  a  sort 
of  wig  ;  [pi.)  dry  scabs  be- 
tween a  horse's  heel  and 
pastern  joint. 

S-erawl,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  write 
or  mark  awkwardly.  —  n. 
Hasty,  bad  writing.  [ed. 

S-eraw'ny,  a.  Meagre ;  wast- 

S€reak,  v.  n.  To  creak,  as  a 
door.  — n.   A  creaking. 

S-eream,  r.  i.  To  utter  a  sud- 
den, shrill  cry.  —  7i.  A  shrill 
outcry  j  a  screech. 

S-ereech,  v.  i.  To  shriek  ;  to 
scream.  — n.  A.  harsh,  shrill 
cry  ;  a  scream . 

S-ereed,«.  A  wooden  rule  for 
running  moldings. 

Screen,  v.  t.  To  conceal ;  to 
shelter  ;  to  defend  ;  to  pass 
through  a  screen.  —  n. 
Something  that  shelters,  or 
shuts  off  view,  &c.  ;  a  parti- 
tion ;  a  long,  coarse  sieve. 

S€rew  (skrij),  n 
A  cylinder,  or  a 
cylindrical  per- 
foration, grooved 
spirally ,  used  for 
various  pur- 
poses. —  v.  t.  Toi 
fasten  with 
screw. 

S-erib'ble,  V.  ?.  or  t. 
without  care.  —  n 
writing. 

Scrib'bler,  n.  A  petty  writer. 

'S<5ribe,  n.  A  writer ;  a  clerk  ; 
a  Jewish  teacher  of  the  law. 

S-erimp,  v.  t.  To  contract :  to 
shorten  ;  to  scant,  [of  stock. 

S-erip,  w.  A  bag ;  a  certificate 

Script,  «.  Type  in  the  form 
of  written  letters. 

Script'ur-al,  «•  Contained 

in,   or  according    to,  the 

Scriptures. 
Script'ure,  n.  The  Old  and 

New  Testaments. 
Serive'ner,    n.      One  who 

draws  contracts,  &c. 
S-crof  u-la,  n.  A  disease  affect- 


Screw. 


To  write 
Careless 


,  G,  u,  y,  long;  S, e,  i.  6,  tt,  y,  short;  cSre,  oar,  ask,  ^U, wh^t ;  Ere,  vfiU,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SCROFULOUS 


235 


secedp:r 


ing  the  lymphatic  glands,  I 
especially  those  of  the  neck. 

S€r6f'u-lous,  a.  Diseased  1 
with  scrofula.  [up.  | 

Scroll  (1),  n.  A  writing  rolled  : 

S-erub,  n.  A  worn  brush  ;  a 
mean  drudge.  —  v.  To  rub  | 
hard  with  something  coarse. 

Scrub'by,  a.  Small  and 
mean  ;  stunted  in  growth. 

S-eru'ple,  n.  A  doubt ;  hesita- 
tion ;  a  weight  of  20  grains. 

—  V.  To  doubt ;  to  hesitate. 
S-eru'pu-16s'i-ty,n.  Quality 

of  being  scrupulous. 

S€ru/pu-lous,  a.  Hesitating 
or 'doubtful;  careful;  cau- 
tious ;  conscientiouet. 

S€ru'ti-nize,  r. To  exam- 
ine or  search  closely. 

Scru'ti-ny,  n.  Close  search. 

Scrii-toire'  (skrij-twor^),  n. 
A  case  of  drawers  for  papers. 

Scud,  V.  i.  To  be  driven  with 
haste.  —  n.  A  low  thin 
cloud  driven  by  the  wind. 

S-euf'fle,n.  A  confused  quar- 
rel or  contest.  —  v.  i.  To 
strive  with  close  grapple. 

Scull,  n.  A  short  oar  ;  a 
boat.  —  V.  t.  To  impel,  as 
a  boat,  by  turning  an  oar  at 
the  stern. 

Scull'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
keeping  kitchen  utensils, 
and  doing  dirty  work. 

Scull'ion,  n.  A  menial  serv- 
ant in  the  kitchen.  [ures. 

Sculpt'or,  n.  One  who  sculpt- 

S-eulpt'ure,w.  Art  of  carving 
stone  or  wood  into  images  ; 
carved  work.  —  v.  t.  To 
carve ;  to  cut ;  to  engrave. 

Scum,  n.  Froth  or  impuri- 
ties on  the  surface  of  liquor. 

—  V.  t.  To  take  the  scum 
from ;  to  skim. 

Scup'per,  n.  A  hole  or  chan- 
nel cut  through  the  side  of 
a  ship  to  discharge  water 
from  the  deck. 
Scurf,  n.  A  dry  scab  ;  mealy 
crust.  [being  scurfy. 

Scurf'i-ness(13),  n.  State  of 
Scurfy,  a.  Having  scurf. 
Scur'nle,      I  a.  Grossly  op- 
Scur'ril-ous, )      probrious  ; 
low ;  mean. 


Sciir-ril'i-ty,n.  Vulgar,  abu- 
sive language. 

Scur'vy,  71.  A  disease. — a. 
Scurfy  ;  low  ;  mean  ;  vile. 

Scutch'eon,  n.  An  orna- 
mental bit  of  brass  plate, 
perforated  with  a  key-hole. 

Scu'ti-form,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  shield 

Scut'tle,  n.  A  metal  pail  for 
coals  ;  a  hatchway  ;  opening 
in  the  roof  of  a  house  fur- 
nished with  a  lid.  —  v.  i.  or 
t.  To  sink  by  cutting  a  hole 
in  the  bottom. 

Sgym'e-tar,  n.  See  Cimeter. 

Sgytiie  (sTth),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  mowing  grass. 

Sea  (17),  n.  A  large  body  of 
salt  water,  less  than  an 
ocean ;  the  ocean  ;  a  high 
wave. 

Sea'-board,  n.  The  sea-shore. 
Sea'-breeze,  n.  A  current  of 

air  from  the  sea.  [sea. 
Sea'-coast,  n.  Shore  of  the 
Sea'-ePe-phant,  n.   A  kind 

of  seal. 

Sea'-far^er,  n.  A  mariner ;  a 
seaman ;  a  sailor. 

Sea'-f arming,  a.  Following 
the  business  of  a  seaman. 

Sea'-fight  (-fit),  n.  A  naval 
engagement. 

Sea'-green,  a.  Having  the 
color  of  sea- water. 

Sea'-horse,  n.  The  walrus  ; 
also,  the  hippopotamus. 

Seal,  n.  A  ma- 
rine animal  ; 
a  stamp  with 
a  device  on  it ; 
waximpressedj 
with  a  seal.  — ' 
V.  t.  (8)  To  Seal, 
fix  a  seal  to  ;  to  fasten  with 

.  a  seal;  to  ratify;  to  confirm. 

Seal'ing-wax,*  n.  A  sub- 
stance for  sealing  letters. 

Seam,  n.  The  joining  of  two 
edges  of  cloth  ;  any  line  of 
junction. — v.  t.  To  make 
a  seam  on  or  of ;  to  mark 
with  something  like  a  seam . 

Sea'man  (81),  n.  A  sailor. 

Sea'man-ship,  n.  Skill  in 
navigating.  [seam . 

Seam'less,  a.     Having  no 


Sea'-mew,  n.  A  gull. 

Seam'stress,  n.  A  w^man 
whose  occupation  is  sewing. 

Sea'-port,  n.  A  port  or  har- 
bor on  the  sea-coast. 

Sear,  v.  t.  To  burn  the  sur- 
face of;  to  cauterize.  —  a. 
Diy ;  withered. 

Search,  v.  t.  To  seek  for  ;  to 
look  for ;  to  inquire  after. 

—  V .  i.    To  seek  ;  to  h  unt. 

—  n.  A  seeking  ;  quest. 
Search'er,  n.       One  who 

searches ;  a  seeker. 

Search'ing, «.  Trying; close. 

Sea'-robm,  n.  Ample  dis- 
tance from  land. 

Sea'-shell,  n.  A  marine  shell. 

Sea'-shore,  n.  The  coast  of 
the  sea  or  ocean. 

Sea'-sick,  a.  Affected  with 
nausea  at  sea.  [sea. 

Sea'side,  n.    Land  near  the 

Sea'gon  (sc'zn),  7i.  A  fit  time  ; 
a  brief  period  ;  a  division  of 
the  year.  —  v.  t.  To  render 
pjilatable;  to  spice;  to  dry, 
as  timber. 

Sea'§oii-a-ble,  a.  Occurring 
in  due  season  or  in  good 
time  ;  opportune  ;  timely. 

Sea'§on-a-bly,  adv.  In  due 
time ;  sufficiently  early. 

Sea'son-ing,  w.  That  which 
sealions  ;  act  of  drying. 

Sea'-weed,  n.  One  of  a  class 
of  marine  plants. 

Sea'-wor'thi-ness  (-w(5r/- 
tlii-),  n.  Quality  of  being 
sea-worthy ;  fitness  for  a 
voyage. 

Sea'-wor^thy  (wQr/th5^),  a. 

Able  to  encounter  the  vio- 
lence of  the  sea. 
Seat,  n.    A  chair ;    bench  : 

place  of  sitting  ;  mansion  ; 

abode.  —  v.  t.   To  place  on 

a  seat.  [sea. 
Sea'ward,  adv.  Toward  thi 
Se-ba'ceous,  a.  Fat ;  like  fat; 

yielding  fatty  secretions. 
Se'cant,  n.    A  d_ 

line  that  cuts 

another.  —  a. 

Cutting. 
Se-Qede',  v.  i. 

TQ  withdraw.  c  n.  Secant. 
Se-Qed'er,w.  One  who  secedes. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  tcJb,  tdbk ;  drn.  rj|e,  pyll ;  p,     soft ;      g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  ij  as  ng ;  this. 


SECESSION 


236 


SEIZIN 


Se-Qes'sion  (-sesh^un),  n.  Act 
of  seceding  or  withdrawing. 

Seck'61  (sek^l),  n.  A  small, 
delicious  variety  of  pear. 

Se-elude',  v.  t.  To  shut  up 
in  retirement. 

Se-elii'gion,  n.  Act  of  with- 
drawing ;  retirement ;  sepa- 
ration; withdrawal. 

Se-C'ond,  n.  Next  to  the  first  ; 
inferior.  —  n.  The  next  to 
the  first;  60th  part  of  a 
minute  ;  attendant  in  a  duel. 
—  v.t.  To  support;  to  aid. 

Se-e'ond-a-ri-ly,  adv.  In  a 
secondary  manner  or  de- 
gree, [nate. 

Se-e'ond-a-ry,  a.  Subordi- 

Se-e'ond-hand,  a.  Not  new  ; 
previously  owned  by  an- 
other, [ond  place. 

Se-c'ond-ly,  adv.  In  the  sec- 

55-  e'onds,  n.  pi.  A  coarse 
kind  of  flour.  [cealment. 

Se'-cre-Qy,  n.  Privacy  ;  con- 
Se'€ret,  a.  Concealed ;  se- 
cluded ;  hidden  ;  unseen  ; 
private.  —  n.  Something 
unknown  or  hidden. 
Se-c're-ta-ry,  n.  One  who 
writes  for  others  ;  head  of  a 
particular  department  of 
government ;  a  piece  of  fur- 
niture for  writing  at. 

56-  e're-ta-ry-ship  (13),  n. 
Office  of  a  secretary. 

Se-€rete',  v.  t.  To  remove 
from  observation.  —  Syn. 
To  hide ;  conceal. 

Se -erection,  n.  A  separation 
of  juices  ;  fluid  secreted. 

Se'-cret-ly,  adv.  In  a  secret 
manner.  [secretion. 

Se'-ere-to-ry,  a.  Performing 

Seiit,  n.  A  religious  denomi- 
nation or  school. 

Se€-ta'ri-an,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  sect  or  to  sects.  —  n.  One 
of  a  sect.       [tion  to  a  sect. 

Se€-ta'ri-an-i§m,  n.  Devo- 

Se€'ta-rist,  I  n.  A  follower  of 

S6ct'a-ry,    )    a  sect. 

See'tile,  a.  Capable  of  being 
cut,  especially  of  being  cut 
smoothly. 

SS^'tion,  n.  A  cutting  off; 
division  ;  portion,  [section. 

Se€'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 


Se«t'or,  n.  Part  of 
a  circle  between  ^ 
two  radii  and  the 
included  arc  ;  a 
mathematical  in- 
strument, ach.  Sector. 

Se-e'u-lar,  a.  Worldly ;  not 
spiritual.  — n.    A  layman. 

See'u-lar-ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  a  secular  use. 

Se-e^u-lar'i-,ty,  n.  A  worldly 
dispositiofi, 

Se-<jure',  a.  "Free  from  fear 
or  danger ;  sate.  — v.  t.  To 
make  safe.  [be  safe. 

Se-€ure'ly  (10),  a^t\  Soas  to 

Se-€ur'i-ty  (11),  n.  Freedom 
from  danger ;  safety  ;  pledge. 

Se-dan',  n.  A  portable  cov- 
ered vehicle  for  a  single  per- 
son, [turbed  ;  quiet. 

Se-date',  a.     Calm ;  undis- 

Sed'a-tive,  a.  Allaying  irrita- 
bility and  irritation. —  n.  A 
remedy  that  allays  irritabil- 
ity and  irritation. 

Sed'en-ta-ry,  a.  Accustomed 
to  sit  much. 

Sedge,  n.    A  coarse  grass. 

Sedg'y,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
overgrown  with,  sedge. 

Sed'i-ment,  n.  That  which 
settles  at  the  bottom  ;  lees. 

Sed^i-ment'a-ry,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  consisting  of,  sedi- 
ment ;  feculent. 

Se-di'tion  (-dish/un),  n.  Tu- 
mult ;  insurrection. 

Se-di'tious  (-dish'us),  a.  En- 
gaged in  sedition. 
Se-diiQe',  v.  t.  To  lead  astray 

by  evil  arts  ;  to  corrupt. 
Se-du'ger,  n.   One  who  se- 
duces or  corrupts. 
Se-duc'tion,    n.  Leading 

astray  from  virtue. 
Se-du€'tive,  n.    Enticing  to 

evil ;  tending  to  seduce. 
Se-du'li-ty,  n.     Great  dili- 
gence. 

Sed'u-lous,  a.  Very  diligent. 

Sed'u-loiis-ly,  adv.  With  ap- 
plication ;  assiduously. 

See,  n.  The  seat  of  episcopal 
power  ;  a  diocese.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  SAW ;  7?.  p.  SEEN.]  To 
perceive  by  the  eye;  to  be- 
hold ;  to  discover. 


Seed,  n.  That  which  pro- 
duces animals  or  plants ; 
original ;  offspring  ;  race. 

Seed'-€ake,  n.  A  sweec  cake, 
containing  aromatic  seeds. 

Seed'ling,  n.  A  plant  spring- 
ing from  a  seed. 

Seeds'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
deals  in  seeds. 

Seed'-time,  n.  The  season 
for  sowing. 

Seed'-ves'sel,  n.  A  vessel 
containing  seed. 

Seed'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
seeds  ;  shabbily  clothed. 

Seek,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p-  p. 
SOUGHT.]  To  look  for  ;  to 
endeavor  to  find. 

Seek'er,  n.  One  who  seeks 
or  searches ;  an  inquirer. 

Seem,  v.  i.  To  appear  ;  to 
have  a  show. 

Seem'ing,  n.  Appearance; 
show  ;  semblance.  —  a. 
Apparent ;  specious. 

Seem'ing-ly,  adv.  In  ap- 
pearance ;  apparently. 

Seem'ly,  a.  Becoming;  de- 
cent ;  decorous  ;  fit. 

Seen, /J.  p.  of  See.  Perceived. 

Seer,  n.  One  who  foresees 
events ;  a  prophet. 

See'saw,  n.  A  reciprocating 
motion  up  and  down.  [coct. 

Seethe,  v.t.   To  boil ;  to  de- 

SSg'ment,  n.  A 
part  cut  off  from  ^ 
a  figure  by  a  line 
or  plane. 

S6g're-gate,  v.  t. 

To  separate ;  to  ach,  Seg- 
set  apart.  "^.^'"t  of  a 

Seg/re-ga'tion,M. 
Separation  from  others. 

Seign-eu'ri-al  (sr-n-u'rT-al), 
a.    Vested  with  large  pow- 
ers ;  manorial. 
Seign'ior  (seen^yur),  n.  A 
lord. 

Seign'ior-age  (seen^yur-),  n. 
A  royal  right ;  profit  or  per- 
centage. 

Seign'ior-y  (seen^yur-),  n.  A 
lordship ;  a  manor. 

Seine,  n.  A  large  fishing-net 

Seize,  v.  t.  To  take  sudden- 
ly ;  to  snatch  ;  to  grasp. 

Sei'zin,  n.    Possession  of  an 


a,  6, 1,  o,  u,    long ;     6, 1,  6,  tt,     short ;  care, car,  ask,  gU,  whgit ;  Sre,  vgil,  t5rm ;  pique,  firm  •, 


SEIZURE 


237 


SENTRY-BOX 


estate  in  freehold  ;  thing 


Seiz'ure,  n.  Act  of  seizing ; 
the  thing  seized.  [often. 

Sel'dom,  adv.    Rarely ;  not 

Se-l§€t',  V.  t.  To  choose  from 
a  number  ;  to  cull.  —  a. 
Taken  from  a  nun.ber  ;  well 
chosen.  [ing;  choice. 

Se-16€'tion,n.  Actofselect- 

Se-16-ct'man  (21),  n.  A  town 
officer ;  to  manage  the  con- 
cerns of  the  town. 

SePe-n6g'ra-pliy,  n.  A  de- 
scription of  the  surface  of 
the  moon. 

Self  (20),  pron.  or  a.  A  person 
PS  a  distinct  individual. 

Self/-eon-Qeit',  n.  High 
opinion  of  one's  powers  or 
endowments ;  vanit3^ 

Self^-de-nPal,  n.  Denial  of 
personal  gratification. 

Self^-es-teem',  n.  Good  opin- 
ion of  one's  self  ;  compla- 
cency. 

S61f'-ev'i-dent,  a.  Needing 
no  proof;  evident  without  | 
proof  or  reasoning.  i 

Self/-ex-ist'ent,  a.  Existing 
of  or      himself;  solely. 

Self-'-iii'ter-est,  n.  Private  ■ 
interest  or  advantage.  ■ 

Self'ishjt  a.  Regarding  one's 
own  interest  solely. 

Self'ish-ly,  adv.  With  undue 
self-love.  / 

Self'ish-ness,  n.  '  Regard  to 
Oiie's  own  intejest  solely. 

Self-love',  n.  <tLove  of  self. 

Selfsame,  a.  Exactly  the 
same ;  identical. 

Self-will',  n.  One's  own  will ; 
obstinacy. 

SSll  (1),  V.  t.  [imp,  &  p.  p. 
SOLD.]  To  transfer  to  an- 
other for  an  equivalent. 

Sell'er,  n.    One  who  sells. 

Sel'vage,    In.  Edge  of  cloth 

SePvedge,  )  woven  so  as  to 
prevent  raveling. 

Selves,  p^.  of  Self. 

Sem'lDlanQe,  n.  Seeming  ; 
show;  hkeness.  [yearly. 

Sem'i-an'nu-al,  a.  Haif- 
Sem^i-breve,  n.  A  whole 
note  ;  the  longest  note  now 
in  general  use. 


S6m'i-gIr/-ele(-sTr'- 
kl),  n.  Half  of  a 
circle. 

Sem'i-€5'lon,  M.  A 
point  (marked;), 
used    in    writing  Semicir- 
and  printing.  ^  ^" 

S6m/i-di-am'e-ter,n.  Haifa 
diameter.       [iji  half  moon,  j 

Sem^i-lu'nar,  a.* In  form  like 

Sem'i-nal,  a.  PerUiining  to 
seed ;  original ;  radical. 

Sem'i-na-ry,  n.  A  place  of 
education  ;  a  college  ;  acad- 
emy ;  school.  —  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  seed. 

Sfim'i-qua'ver,  n.  A  note  of 
half  the  duration  of  the 
quaver. 

Sem'i-tone,  n.   Half  a  tone. 

S6m'i-vow/el,  n.  A  sound  in- 
termediate between  a  vowel 
and  consonant,  or  the  sign 
representing  such  a  sound, 
as  lu  and  y.  [ing. 

Sem/pi-ter'nal,  a.  Everlast- 

SSmp'stress,  n.  See  Seam- 
strfss. 

Sen'ate,  n.  A  council  of  sen- 
ators ;  the-^per  branch  of 
a  legifJlature.         [a  senate. 
Sen'a-tor,  n.    A  member  of 
Sen'a-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to,  or  becoming,  a  senator. 
Sen'a-tor-ship,  n.   The  of&ce 

or  dignity  of  a  senator. 
Send,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SENT.]    To  cause  to  go;  to 
dispatch ;  to  transmit. 
Se-r^s'genge,  n.    A  growing 

ol#i  decay  by  time. 
Sen'es-ghal  (sen^e-shal),  n. 

_Steward.  [age;  doting. 
Se'nile,  a.  Belonging  to  old 
Se-nil'i-ty,  n.   State  of  being 

senile  ;  old  age  ;  dotage. 
Sen'ior  (sen^yur),  n.  One 
""^"^jlder  than  another  ;  an  aged 
petsedi^^—  a.    Older  in  age 
or  offi<?e.         {ageor  office. 
Sen-ior'i-ty,  n.    Priority  in 
Sen'na,  n.  A  plant  the  leaves 
of  which  are  used  as  a  ca- 
thartic, [week. 
Sen'mght  (sen/nit),  n.  A 
Sen-sa'tion,  n.  Perception  by 
j     the  senses  ;  state  of  excited 
I  interest. 


Sen-sa'tion-al,  a.  Attended 
by,  or  fitted  to  excite,  great 
interest. 
Sense,  n.  Faculty  by  which 
external  objects  are  per- 
ceived ;  sensation  ;  discern- 
ment :  opinion ;  meaning. 
Sense'less,  a.  Wantingsense; 

foolish  ;  stupid. 
Sen/si-biPi-ty,  n.  Capabil- 
ity of  sensation  ;  acuteness 
of  perception. 
Sen'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of  per- 
ceptions ;  perceptible  by  the 
senses.  —  S YN.  Intelligent ; 
wise  :  judicious. 
SSn'si-bly,  ac^r.  Perceptibly; 

with  good  sense,  [or  feeling. 
Sen'si-tive,  a.  Having  sense 
Sen'si-tive-ness,M.  State  of 

being  sensitive. 
Sen'su-al  (sen/shi]-),  a.  Af- 
fecting the  senses  ;  carnal ; 
voluptuous. 
Sen'su-al-igm  (-shij-),  n.  A 
state  of  subjection  to  sensu- 
al feelings  or  appetites. 
SSn'su-al-ist  (-shjj-),  n.  One 

devoted  to  sensuality. 
Sen/su-3-l'i-ty  (-shij-),  n.  Free 
induigence  in  carnal  or  sen- 
sual pleasures. 
Sent.  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Send. 
Sen'tenge,  n.    A  judgment 
pronounced  ;  doom  ;  a  short 
saying  ;  a  maxim  ;  a  period 
in  writing.  — v.  t.  To  doom  ; 
to  condemn. 
Sen-ten'tial,  a.  Comprising 
sentences.  [pith3^ 
Sen-ten'tioiis,  a.    Short  and 
Sen'tient,  a.     Having  the 
faculty   of  sensation  and 
perception. 
Sen'ti-ment,  n.    A  thought 
prompted  by  feeling  ;  sensi- 
bility ;  opinion  ;  a  toast. 
Sen''ti-inent'al,  a.  Abound- 
ing with  sentiment ;  affect- 
edly tender. 
Sen  ti-ment'al-ist,  n.  One 

who  affects  fine  feelings. 
Sen/ti-men-tal'i-ty,  n.  Af-. 

feotation  of  sensibility. 
Sen'ti-nel,  )n.    A  soldier  on 
Sen'try,     )  guard. 
Sen'try-b6x,  n.    A  box  to 
shelter  a  sentinel. 


Bon,  or,  dg,  W9lf,  tcTo,  took ;  tirn,  ri}e,  pi^ll ;  9,     soft ;     g,  hard ;  a§  ;  e^^ist ;  0  as  ng  ;  this. 


SEPARABLE 


238 


SEVERAL 


Sep'a-ra-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
beiug  separated. 

Sep'a-rate,  v.  To  disunite; 
to  divide  ;  to  withdraw. 

Sep'a-rate,  a.  Divided ;  dis- 
connected ;  distinct :  single. 

Sep'a-rate-ly,  adv.  Singly; 
distinctly. 

S5p/a-ra'tion,  n.  A  disjunc- 
tion ;  disunion ;  divorce. 

Sep'a-ra^tist,  n.  A  dissenter  ; 
a  seceder. 

Se'poy,  n.  A  native  of  India 
in  the  military  service  of 
Europeans.     [seven  angles. 

Sept-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having 

Sep-tem'ber,  n.  The  ninth 
month  of  the  year,  [seven. 

Sep'ten-a-ry,  a.  Consisting  of 

Sep-ten'ni-al,  a.  Returning 
or  happening  every  seventh 
year  ;  lasting  seven  years. 

Sep'ti€,      la.     Tending  to 

Sepai€-al,  j  produce  putre- 
faction. 

Sep/tu-a-ge-na'ri-an,  n.  A 
person  seventy  years  old. 

Sep'tu-a-gint,  n.  A  Greek 
version  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment, [much. 

Sep'tu-ple,  a.  Seven  times  as 

SSp'ul-eher )  (29),    n.  A 

SSp'ul-€hre  )  grave  ;  a  tomb. 

Se-pul'-chral,  a.  Relating  to 
burial ;  deep  ;  grave  ;  hollow. 

Sep'ul-tHre,  n.  The  act  of 
burying  a  human  being. 

Se-qua'cious,  a.  Following. 

Se'quel,  n.  A  succeeding 
part ;  consequence  ;  event. 

Se'quenQe,  n.  Order  of  fol- 
lowing ;  succession  ;  series. 

Se'quent,  a.  Following. 

Se-ques'ter,     I  v.  t.  To  seize 

Se-ques'trate  J  and  hold  for 
a  time  ;  to  set  apart. 

Seq^'ues-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sequestering. 

Seq'ues-tra^or,  n.  One  who 
sequesters,  or  has  the  keep- 
ing of  sequestered  property. 

Se'quin,  n.  A  gold  coin  of 
Italy,  and  also  of  Turkey. 

Se-ragl'io  (se-ral^yo),  n.  Pal- 
ace of  the  Turkish  sultan  ; 
a  harem. 

SSr'aph  (25),  n.  An  angel  of 
the  highest  order. 


Se-r3,ph'i€,  a.  Angelic ;  pure.. 

Ser'a-phine,  n.  A  kind  of 
reed-organ. 

Ser'a-phim,  n.  pi.  of  Seraph. 

Ser^e-nade',  n.  Music  per- 
formed at  night  in  the  open 
air  in  compliment  to  some 
one.  —  V.  t.  To  entertain 
with  a  serenade. 

Se-rene',  a.  Calm  ;  quiet ; 
peaceful ;  a  title  of  honor. 

Se-ren'i-ty,  n.  Calmness ; 
clearness. 

Serf  (18),  w.  A  slave  employed 
in  husbandry. 

Serge,  n.  A  thin  woolen  stuff. 

Ser'geant  (sar^jent  or  ser''- 
jent),  n.  A  non-commis- 
sioned military  officer  ;  a 
lawyer  of  high  rank. 

Se'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
series.  —  n.  A  tale  or  other 
writing,  issued  in  a  series  of 
numbers. 

Se'ries  (or se/ri-ez),7t.  Order; 
succession  ;  course. 

Se'ri-oiis,  a.  Sober  ;  grave  ; 
earnest ;  weighty. 

Ser'moii,  n.  A  discourse 
grounded  on  a  text  of 
Scripture. 

Ser'mon-ize,  v.  i.  To  write 
or  preach  a  sermon. 

Se-rdbn',  n.  A  package  of 
skins  for  drugs,  &c. 

Se-r6s'i-ty,  n.  The  thin, 
watery  part  of  blood. 

Se'roiis,  a.  Consisting  of 
serum  ;  thin  ;  watery. 

Ser'pent,  n.  A  creeping  an- 
imal ;  a  snake  ;  a  firework. 

Ser'pent-me,  a.  Winding, 
as  a  serpent ;  sinuous. 

Ser'rate,  a.  Notched  on  the 
edge,  like  a  saw.  [blood. 

Se'rum,  n.    Thin  part  of  the 

Serv'ant,  n.  One  who  serves, 
or  labors  for,  another. 

Serve,  v.  t.  To  work  for;  to 
obey  ;  to  contribute  to ;  to 
treat.  —  v.  i.  To  perform 
duties  ;  to  suit ;  to  be  of  use. 
Serv'ige,  n.  Duty  of  a  serv- 
ant ;  military  duty  ;  office  ; 
benefit ;  use  ]  set  of  vessels 
used  at  table. 
Serv'ice-a-ble,  a.  Doing 
service  ;  beneficial. 


Serv'ile,a.  Slavish;  cringing. 

Ser-vil'i-ty,  n.  Mean  sub- 
missiveness  ;  obsequious- 
ness, [attendant. 

Serv'i-tor,  n.  A  servant  •,  an 

Serv'i-tiide,  n.  Slavery  ; 
thraldom  ;  dependence. 

Ses'sion  (sesh^un),  n.  A 
meeting  or  sitting  of  a  pub- 
lic body. 

Sess'-pdbl,  n.  A  hollow  in 
the  earth  for  sediment  from 
drains. 

Set,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  SET.] 
To  place  ;  to  put ;  to  fix  ;  to 
regulate.  —  v.  i.  To  descend 
below  the  horizon.  —  n.  A 
number  of  things  suited  to 
each  other ;  an  assortment. 
— p.  a.  Fixed  ;  firm ;  regu- 
lar ;  prescribed. 

Se-ta'ceous,  a.  Bristly;  hairy. 

Set'-6ff,  n.  An  account  set 
against  another ;  offset. 

Se'ton,  n.  A  twist  of  thread, 
or  a  few  horse-hairs  j  to  keep 
a  wound  open. 

Se-tose',  I  a.    Set  with  bris- 

Se'tous,  j    ties  ;  bristly. 

Set-tee'  (18),  n.  A  long  seat 
with  a  back. 

Set'ter,  n.  A  sporting  dog  of 
the  hound  kind. 

Set'tle,  71.  A  long  bench  with 
aback. — v.  t.  To  estab- 
lish ;  to  determine.  —  v.  i. 
To  subside  ;  to  sink. 

Setaie-ment,  n.  Act  of  set- 
tling ;  adjustment ;  a  place 
settled  ;  a  colony  ;  jointure. 

Set'tler,  n.  One  who  settles ; 
a  colonist. 

Set'-tp,  n.    A  conflict. 

Sev'eri,  a.    Six  and  one. 

Sev'en-nlght  (sen/nlt),  n.  A 
week. 

Sev'enth,  a.  Next  after  the 
sixth  ;  ordinal  of  seven.  —  n. 
One  part  in  seven  ;  a  musi- 
cal interval. 

SSv'en-teen,  n.  Ten  and 
seven.  [ten. 

Sev'en-ty,  a.     Seven  times 

Sev'er,  v.t.  To  part  violent- 
ly ;  to  disjoin. 

Sev'er-al,«.  Separate;  more 
than  two,  but  not  many  ; 
divers  ;  sundry. 


a,  e,T,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  6, 1, 6,  \xj,  short ;  cOre,  car, ask,  all,  wh^t  \  Cre,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


SEVERALLY 


239 


SHARP 


SSv'er-al-ly,  adv.  Separately. 

S6v'er-al-ty,  n.  A  state  of 
separation.  [partition. 

Sev'er-ange,  n.    Separation  ; 

Se-vere%  a.  Yery  strict; 
stern  ;  cruel ;  painful ;  ex- 
treme. 

Se-ver'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
severe  ;  harshness  ;  rigor  ; 
austerity  ;  strictness. 

Sew  (so),  v.t.  To  unite  with 
needle  and  thread.  [sews. 

Sew'er  (so^er),  n.    One  who 

Sew'er  (su^er),  n.  A  passage 
under  ground  for  water. 

Sex,  n.  Distinction  of  male 
and  female  ;  womankind. ' 

S6x''a-ge-na'ri-an,  n.  A  per- 
son of  sixty  years  of  age. 

Sex-ag'e-na-ry,  or  Sex'a- 
ge-na-ry,a.  Pertaining  to 
the  number  sixty  ;  proceed- 
ing by  sixties. 

Sex/a-ges'i-ma,  n.  Second 
Sunday  before  Lent. 

Sex-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having  six 
angles. 

Sex-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 
once  in,  or  lasting,  six  years. 

Sex'tant,  n.  Sixth  part  of  a 
circle ;  instrument  for  meas- 
uring angular  distances. 

Sex'tile,n.  Aspect  of  planets 
sixty  degrees  apart. 

Sex'ton,  n.  An  under  officer 
of  a  church. 

Sex'tu-ple,  a.  Six  times  as 
much ;  having  six  parts. 

Sex'u-al  (sek/shij-),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  distinguish- 
ing, sex. 

Shah,  V.  i.  To  play  mean 
tricks ;  to  act  shabbily. 

Shab'bi-ly,  adv.  In  a  mean 
manner ;  raggedly. 

Shab'bi-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  shabby ;  meanness. 

Shab'by,  a.  Worn ;  ragged ; 
mean  :  paltry  ;  despicable. 

Shack'le  (shaka),  v.  t.  To 
fetter;  to  chain;  to  bind. 

Shack'les  (shak^lz),  n.  pL 
Fetters  or  handcuffs. 

Shad,  n.  sing.  &  pi.  A  kind 
of  fish  much  prized  for  food. 

Shad'dock  (5),  71.  A  tree  and 
its  fruit,  a  species  of  orange. 

Shade,  n.    Interception  of 


light ;  obscurity ;  a  screen  ; 
a  spirit ;  degree  of  cold ;  {pi.  ) 
place  of  the  dead.  —  v.  t. 
To  screen  from  light ;  to  ob- 
scure, [ing  shady. 

Sha'di-ness,  n.    State  of  be- 

Shad'ow,  n.  A  figure  formed 
by  the  interception  of  light ; 
a  mystical  representation  ;  a 
type ;  phantom. —r.  To 

■  cloud ;  to  darken ;  to  repre- 
sent faintly. 

Shad'ow-y,  a.  Full  of  shade. 

Sha'dy,  a.  Sheltered  from 
the  glare  of  light. 

Shaft,  n.  An  arrow ;  straight 
cylindrical  part  of  any 
thing  ;  passage  into  a  mine  ; 
thills  of  a  chaise;  a  long 
axis  in  machinery. 

Shag,  n.  Hough ,  wooly  hair  ; 
cloth  with  a  long,  coarse 
nap.  —  a.  Hairy  ;  rough.  — 
V.  ^  To  make  hairy  or  rough. 

Shag'ged,  )  a.  Hairy  ;  rough. 

Sh^g'gy,  j  with  long  wool 
or  hair.         [being  shaggy. 

Shag'gi-ness,  n.    State  of 

Sha-green',  7i.  A  kind  of 
leather  prepared  from  the 
skins  of  horses,  mules,  &c. 

Shah,  n.    A  Persian  king. 

Shake,  r.  «.  [i7np.  shook; 
p.  SHAKEN.]  To  agitate  ; 
to  cause  to  tremble  or  to 
doubt ;  to  trill.  — v.  i.  To 
be  agitated ;  to  quake.  —  n. 
Vibratory  motion. 

Shak'er,  n.  One  who  shakes ; 
one  of  a  religious  sect. 

Shale,  n.  A  kind  of  fine- 
grained slaty  rock. 

Shall.  An  auxiliary  verb, 
used  in  forming  the  future 
tense.  [worsted  stuff. 

Shal-lobn',  n.     A  kind  of 

ShaPlop,  w.  A  kind  of  large 
boat  with  two  masts. 

Shal'low,  a.  Not  deep  ;  shoal ; 
simple.  — n.  A  place  where 
the  water  is  not  deep. 

Shalt.  Second  person  of  Shall. 
Sham,  n.  False  pretense  ; 
imposture.  —  a.  False  : 
counterfeit,  —  v.  t.  To  pre- 
tend ;  to  deceive  ;  to  im- 
itate ;  to  counterfeit. 
Sham'ble,  v.  i.  To  walk  awk 


wardly  and  unsteadily,  as  If 
the  knees  were  weak  ;  to 
shuffle ;  to  counterfeit. 
Sham'bles,  n.  pi.  A  place 
where  butchers  kill  or  sell 
meat. 

Sham'bling,  n.  A  shuffling 
gait.  —  a.    Shuffling  along. 

Shame,  n.  Sense  or  cause  oi* 
disgrace;  reproach.  —  v.  t. 
To  make  ashamed. 

Shame'faged  (-fust),  a.  Bash- 
ful ;  diffident ;  modest. 

Shame'ful.  a.  Disgraceful  ; 
scandalous ;  ignominious. 

Shame'less,  a.  Destitute  of 
shame  ;  impudent. 

Sham'my,  n.  See  Chamois. 

Sham-pcio',  )  v.  t.     To  rub 

^ham-poo',  )  and  press  tho 
limbs  of  after  warm  bath- 
ing ;  to  wash  thoroughly  the 
head  of. 

Sh^m'rdck,  n.  White  clover. 

Shank,  n.  The  bone  of  the 
leg  ;  lower  joint  of  the  leg  ; 
long  part  of  a  tool. 

Shan'ty,  n.  A  rude  hut. 

Shape,  V.  t.  [imp.  shaped  ; 

p.  p.  SHAPED  or  SHAPEN.j 

To  form  ;  to  give  form  or  fig- 
ure to  ;  to  fashion  ;  to  adjust. 
—  n.  External  form  or  fig- 
ure ;  make  ;  appearance. 

Shape'less,a.  Wanting  regu- 
larity of  form. 

Shape'ly,  a.  Well  formed,* 
symmetrical. 

Shard,  n.  A  fragment  ;  a 
shell'. 

Share,  n.  A  part ;  a  portion  ; 
a  plow-iron.  —  v.  t.  To  ap- 
portion ;  to  divide ;  to  par- 
take with  others.  —  v.  i.  To 
have  part. 
Share'-hold^er,  n.  One  who 
holds  a  share  in  a  joint  fund 
or  property. 
Shark, «.  A  vo-, 
racious  sea- 
fish.— r.?.  To 
play  the  petty 
thief ;  to  cheat ;  to^trick. 
Sharp,  a.  Having  a  thin 
edge  or  a  fine  point ;  keen  ; 
acute;  sour;  acid.  —  v.  t. 
To  make  sharp  ;  to  sharpen. 
V.  i.    To  grow  sharp. 


Shark. 


son,  6r,  do,  w9lf,  too,  tcTok  ;  tim,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,  ^,  50ft;     g,  hard;      ;  epst ;     as  ng  ;  this, 


SIIAEPEN 


240 


SHIYE 


Sharp 'en,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  grow  sharp.  [swindler. 

Sharp'er,  n.     A  cheat ;  a 

Sharp'ly,  adv.  In  a  sharp 
manner  ;  keenly  ;  acutely  ; 
severely  ;  violently. 

Sharp 'ness,  n.  Keenness  of 
edge  or  point ;  acuteuess. 

Sharp '-set,  n.  Very  hungry. 

Shat'ter,  v.  t.  To  break  in 
pieces;  to  disorder.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  broken  into  frag- 
ments;  {pi.)  broken  pieces; 
fragments. 

Shave,  v.  t.  [imp.  shaved  ; 

p.  p.  SHAVED,  SHAVEN.] 
To  cut  or  pare  off ;  to  de- 
fraud. —  n.  To  use  a  razor  ; 
to  cut  closely  ;  to  cheat. 

ShaV'er,  n.  One  who  shaves  ; 
a  sharp  dealer  ;  a  boy. 

Shav'ing,  n.  A  thin  slice 
pared  off. 

Shawl,  n.  A  cloth  to  cover 
the  neck  and  shoulders. 

Shawm,  n.  An  instrument  of 
music  formerly  in  use. 

She^  pr on.  fe7n.,  standing  for 
the  name  of  female. 

Sheaf  (20),  n.  A  bundle  of 
stalks  of  grain  ;  any  bundle. 

Shear,  v.  t.  [imp.  sheared  ; 

p.  p.  SHEARED  or  SHORN.] 

To  cut  or  clip  from  the  sur- 
face ;  to  reap. 
Shearg,  n.pl.    A  cutting  in- 
strument with  two  blades  ; 
an    apparatus  for  raising 
.  heavy  weights.  [bard. 
Sheath,  n.    A  case  ;  a  scab- 
Sheathe,  v.  t.    To  put  into  a 
sheath  or  case  ;  to  cover  or 
line.  [ship's  bottom. 

Sheath'ing,  n.  Covering  of  a 
Sheave,  n.  A  wheel  in  a  pul- 
ley. 

Shed,  n.    A  slight  building  ; 

an  out-building. — v.  t.  [imp. 

&  J),  p.  SHED.]    To  emit; 

to  spill ;  to  cast  off.  [dor. 
Sheen,  n.  Brightness  •,  splen- 
Sheen'y,  a.  Bright. 
Sheep  (24),  n.  sing,  and  pi. 

An  animal  that  furnishes 

wool.  [sheep. 
Sheep'-€6t,  n.  A  pen  for 
Sheep'-fold,  n.  A  fold  or  in- 

closure  for  sheep. 


Sheep'ish,  a.  Like  a  sheep  ; 
timorous  ;  bashful ;  modest. 

Sheep's '-eye,  n.  A  sly,  diffi- 
dent, loving  look. 

Sheer,  a.  Clear  ;  unmingled  ; 
simple;  perpendicular. — t'.  t. 
To  deviate  from  a  course.  — 
n.  The  bend  of  a  ship's 
deck. 

Sheet,  n.  A  cloth  for  a  bed  ; 

a  broad  piece  of  paper.  — 

V.  t.  To  fold  up  in,  or  cover 

as  with,  a  sheet. 
Sheet '-an/-ehor,   n.  The 

largest  anchor ;  last  refuge. 
Sheet'ing,    n.      Cloth  for 

sheets. 

Shek'el,  n.  A  Jewish  coin, 
worth  about  G2^  cents. 

Shel'drake,  n.  A  species  of 
duck. 

Shelf,  n.  {pi.  Shelves,  20.) 
A  board  supported  in  some 
way  and  designed  to  lay 
things  on  ;  a  bank  or  rock 
under  water.  [shoals. 

Shelf 'y,  a.   Full  of  rocks  and 

Shell,  n.  A  hard  covering  ;  a 
bomb. — V.  t.  or  i.  To  re- 
move or  cast  the  shell. 

Shell'-fish,  n.  An  aquatic 
animal  covered  with  a  shell. 

Shel'ter,  n.  A  protection  ; 
retreat;  covert. — v.  t.  To 
cover  ;  to  protect ;  to  shield. 

Shelve,!',  i.  To  slope.  —  v.  t. 
To  furnish  with  shelves  ;  to 
put  on  a  shelf. 

Shelv'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
rocks  or  sand-banks. 

Shep'herd,  n.  A  man  who 
tends  sheep. 

Shep'herd-ess,  n.  A  woman 
who  has  the  care  of  sheep. 

Sher'bet,  n.  A  beverage  of 
water,  lemon-juice,  and  sug- 
ar, [shire  or  county. 

Sher'iff ,  n.  Chief  officer  of  a 

Sher'ry,  n.  A  Spanish  wine. 

Shew  (sho).    See  Show, 

Shewn  (shon)p.  p.  of  Shew. 

Shib'bo-leth,  n.  Watchword 
or  test-word  of  a  party. 

Shield,  77 .  Armor  for  defense  ; 
a  buckler ;  protection.  — 
V.  t.  To  protect ;  to  defend. 

Shift,  v.t.ori.  To  transfer  ; 

I     to  change  ;  to  find  some  ex- 


pedient. —  n.  Evasion ;  arti- 
fice ;  expedient ;  a  woman's 
under-garmeut. 

Shift 'less,  a.  Lacking  in  ex- 
pedients ;  without  capacity. 

Sliil'ling,  n.  A  silver  coin  ; 
sum  of  twelve  pence. 

Shin,  n.  Fore  part  of  the  leg, 
between  the  ankle  and  knee. 

Shine,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p, 

SHINED    or    SHONE.]  To 

emit  rays  of  light  ;  to  bo 
conspicuous.  —  n.  Fair 
weather  ;  brightness ;  splen- 
dor ;  a  fancy. 

Shin'gle,  n.  A  thin  board  ; 
loose  pebbles  ;  {pi.)  a  dis- 
ease. —  V.  t.  To  cover  with 
shingles  ;  to  cut,  as  hair,  so 
that  one  portion  overlaps 
another. 

Shin'ing,  a.  Bright  in  a  high 
degree.  —  Syn.  Brilliant ; 
sparkling ;  radiant. 

Shin'y,  a.  Bright ;  luminous. 

large  sea-go- 

esp.  one  that  ^yjjj^^^^^^ 
is  square-rig-  ^^^^m^^ 
ged  and  has  ''^Wmi^lTKf 
three   masts.  Ship. 
—  v.  t.    To  put  on  board  a 
vessel  of  any  kind,   [a  ship. 

Ship'board,  adv.  On  board  of 

Ship'-mas''ter,  n.  A  master 
or  captain  of  a  ship. 

Ship'ment,  n.  Act  of  ship- 
ping ;  that  which  is  shipped. 

Ship'ping,  n.  Ships  in  gen- 
eral ;  vessels  collectively. 

Ship'-shape,  adv.  In  a  sea- 
man-like manner  ;  hence, 
properly ;  well  put. 

Ship'wreck  (-rek),  n.  De- 
struction of  a  ship  at  sea.  — 
V.  t.  To  destroy, as  a  ship  at 
sea,  by  running  on  shore, 
&c.  [builder  of  ships. 

Ship'wright  (-rit),  n.  A 

Shire,  or  Shire,  n.  In  Eng- 
land, a  county. 

Shirk,  V.  t.  To  get  off  from; 
to  slink  away  from. 

Shirt,  n.  A  man's  under-gar- 
ment.  —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
a  shirt.  [ment. 

Shive,  n.    A  slice  ;  a  frag- 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  long;  5,  e,  i,  5,  ii,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  all,  whgit ;  ere,  vfiil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


SHIVER 


241 


SIIIlUBBY 


Shiv'er,  n.  A  little  piece.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  To  break  into 
small  pieces  ;  to  shatter  ;  to 
cause  to  shake  in  the  wind. 

SMv'er-ing,  n.  A  trembling 
or  shaking. 

Shiv'er-y,  a.  Easily  broken  ; 
trembling. 

Shoal,  n.  A  crowd,  as  of 
fishes  ;  a  sand-bank  or  bar. 

—  a.  Shallow. — v.  i.  To 
become  more  shallow. 

ShoaPy,  «•  Full  of  shoals. 

Shock,'  n.  A  sudden  shake  ; 
concussion  ;  a  blow  ;  offense  ; 
a  pile  of  sheaves.  — v.  t.  To 
strike  with  surprise,  disgust, 
or  terror. 

ShSck'ing,  n.  Striking  as 
with  horror ;  extremely  of- 
fensive or  disgusting. 

Sh6d,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Shoe. 

Shoe  (18),  n.  A  covering  or 
protection  for  the  foot.  — 
V.  t.  (11)  {imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHOD.]    To  put  shoes  on. 

Shpe'-black,  I  n.    One  who 

Shpe'-boy,    I  blacks  shoes. 

Shpe'mak-er  (shoo/-),  n.  One 
who  makes  shoes.  [Shine. 

Sh5n«,  or  Sh6ne,  ivip.  of 

Shdbk,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Shake. 

—  n.  A  bundle  of  staves,  or 
of^boards  for  a  box. 

Shoot,  V.  t.  or  i.  {imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHOT.]  To  dart ;  to  jut ;  to 
sprout ;  to  discharge,  as  a 
gun. —  «.  A  sprout  or  young 
branch. 

Shdbt'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  shoots;  a  gun- 
ner ;  a  fire-arm. 

Sh6p,  n.  A  building  for  work 
or  for  trade.  —  v.  i.  To  vis- 
it shops  for  goods. 

ShSp'-keep'er,  n.  A  trader 
who  sells  in  a  shop. 

Sh6p'-lift/er,  n.  One  who 
steals  from  a  shop. 

Shdp'-Iift'ing,  n.  Larceny 
committed  in  a  shop. 

ShSp'ping,  n.  Act  of  visiting 
shops  to  purchase  goods. 

Shore,  n.  Coast ;  land  ad- 
jacent to  water  ;  a  prop  ;  a 
support.  —  V.  t.  To  support 
by  props. 

Shorn,  p.  p.  of  Shear, 


Short,  a.  Not  long;  brief; 
scanty  ;  deficient  ;  brittle. 

Short'en,  v.  t.  To  make  short 
or  shorter. 

Sh6rt'6n-ing,  n.  Act  of  con- 
tracting ;  something  to 
make  paste  brittle. 

Sh6rt'-ha,nd,  n.  Abbreviated 
writing ;  stenography. 

Short '-lived,  a.  Being  of 
short  continuance. 

Short 'ly,  ad  a.  Quickly  ;  brief- 
ly ;  concisely. 

Shortness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  short ;  brevity. 

Shorts,  n.  pi.  Coarse  part  of 
meal  ;  small  clothes. 

Short^-sight'ed  (-sit'-),  a. 
Unable  to  see  far. 

Shot,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Shoot. 

—  n.  Act  of  shooting  ;  a 
small  missile  weapon  ;  a 
reckoning  or  charge,  [hog. 

Shote,  n.  A  small  or  j'ouug 
Shdt'ten  (sh6t/tn),a.  Having 

cast  the  spawn ;  sprained. 
Should    (shobd),    iinp.  of 

Shall^  denoting  intention  or 

duty. 

5h5ul'der,  n.  The  joint  that 
connects  the  arm  with  the 
body.  —  v.t.  To  take  on  the 
shoulder  ;  to  push  or  thrust 
rudely. 

Shoul'der-blade,  n.  The 
broad  bone  of  the  shoulder. 

Shout,  V.  i.  To  utter  a  loud 
and  sudden  outcry.  — n.  A 
loud  and  sudden  outcry. 

Shove,  V.  t.  or  i.  To  push  ; 
to  urge.  —  //.  A  push. 

Shov'el  (shuv^),  n.  A  utensil 
for  throwing  earth,  &c.  — 
V.  t.  (8)  To  throw  with  a 
shovel. 

Show,!',  t.  or  T.  [imp.  show- 
ed ;  p.  p.  SHOWED, 
SHOWN.]  To  exhibit  ;  to 
display  ;  to  prove  ;  to  direct. 

—  n.    Exhibition  ;  sight. 
Show'-bread,  )  n.  Unleaven- 
Shew'-bread, )       ed  bread 

placed  before  the  Lord  in 

the  Jewish  sanctuary. 
Show'er,  n.  One  who  shows. 
Show'er,  n.  A  temporary  fall 

of  rain.  —  v.t.  ox  i.  To  rain 

in  showers. 


Raining  in 
In  a 


Show'er-y, 

showers. 
Show'i-ly  (13),  adv. 

showy  manner. 
Shown,/*.  7?.  of  Show. 
Show'y,  a.    Making  a  show  •, 

fine. 

Shrgd,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHRED.]  To  cut  into  small 
pieces,  esp.  long  and  narrovir 
pieces.  —  n.  A  long,  narrow 
piece,  cut  or  torn  off. 

Shrew  (shrij ),  n.  An  ill-tem- 
pered brawling  woman. 

Shrewd  (shrj^d),  a.  Saga- 
cious ;  astute. 

Shrew'ish  (shru'-),  a.  Like  a 
shrew  ;  petulant. 

Shriek,  v.  i.  To  utter  a  loud, 
shrill  cry.  —  n.  A  loud, 
shrill  cry  ;  a  scream. 

Shrike,  n.  A  rapacious  Euro- 
pean bird.  [sound. 

Shrill,  a.  Sharp  ;  piercing,  as 

Shrill'y,  adv.  Acutely. 

Shrill'ness,  n.  Acuteness  of 
sound.  [shell-fish. 

Shrimp,  n.     A  long-tailed 

Shrine,  n.  A  case  or  box, 
especially  for  sacred  relics. 

Shrihk,  V.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  & 
p.  p.  SHRUNK.]  To  contract ; 
to  become  or  make  less. 

Shrink'age,  n.  Act  or  meas- 
ureof  shrinking. 

Shriv'el  (8),  r.  t.  or  i.  To  con- 
tract into  wrinkles. 

Shroud,  n.  A 
cover  ;  a 
winding 
sheet ;  {pi.) 
a     set     of  - 
rope 
reaching " 
from  the 
mast  -  head 
to  the  side  of 
a   vessel.  — 
v.t.     To  cover;  to  shelterj 
to  dress  for  the  grave. 

Shrove'-tlde,  n.  Confessioa- 
time  ;  Tuesday  before  Lent 

Shrub,  n.  A  low,  dwarf  tree; 
a  drink. 

Shrub'ber-y,  n.  A  collection 
or  plantation  of  shrubs. 

Shrub'by,  a.  Full  of  shrubs ; 
hke  a  shrub. 


Shrouds. 


son,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  to-Q,  to^ok  ;  flrn,  rije,  pull ;  9,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard  ;  a^  j  exist ;  u  as  ng  ;  this. 


SHRUG 

Shrug,  V.  t.  To  draw  up,  as 
the  shoulders.  —  n.  A 
drawing  up  the  shoulders. 

Shrunk,  imp.  k  p.  p.  of 
Shrink. 

Shuck,  n.    A  shell  or  coyer- 

ing ;  a  husk  or  pod. 
Shud'der,  n.  A  trembling,  as 
with  horror^  —  v.  i.  To 
quake ;  to  quiver. 
Shuffle,  v.t.  To  change  the 
relative  position  of,  as  of 
cards. — v.  i.    To  prevari- 
cate ;  to  evade.  —  n.  Act  of 
shuffling;     a    change  in 
cards ;  a  trick. 
Shuffling,    n.      Evasion  ; 

trickery  ;  irregular  gait. 
Shun,  V.  t.  To  avoid ;  to  get 

out  of  the  way  of. 
Shunt,  n.     A  turn-off  to  a 
side  rail;  a  switch. — v.  t. 
To  turn  off  to  one  side. 
Shut,^'.  t.  or  /.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHUT.]    To  close;  to  pro- 
hibit ;  to  bar. 
Shiit'ter,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  shuts  ;  a  close  cover. 
Shut'tle,  n.    A  weaver's  in- 
strument   to    shoot  the 
threads  of  the  woof  between 
those  of  the  warp. 
Shutaie-e6ck,«.  An  instru- 
ment used  with  a  battle- 
door  in  play. 
Shy,rt.  Shunning  society  ;  re- 
served. —  Syn.  Coy  ;  timid. 
Shy'ly  (13),  adv.    In  a  timid 

manner;  bashfully. 
Shy'ness  (13),  n.   Reserve  ; 

coyness  ;  bashfulness. 
Sib'i-lant,  a.    Hissing.  —  n. 
A  letter  uttered  with  a  hiss- 
ing sound.    -  [sound. 
Sib/i-la'tion,  n.    A  hissing 
Sib'yl,  n.    A  pagan  prophet- 
ess; a  gypsy. 
Sib'yl-lme,a.  Pertaining  to, 

or  resembling,  a  sibyl. 
Sick  (5),  a.     Afflicted  with 
disease;  ill;  ailing;  indis- 
posed; disgusted. 
Sick'en  (sik^n),  v.  t.ori.  To 

make  or  become  sick. 
Sick'ish,  a.  Exciting  disgust. 
Sick'le,  n.  A  reaping-hook. 
Sick'li-ness,n.  State  of  being 
sickly ;  unhealthiness. 


242 

Sick'ly,  a.  Somewhat  sick  ; 
unhealthy  :  infirm. 

Sick'ness  ,n  '.  A  morbid  state 
of  the  body  ;  disease. 

Side,  n.  The  broad  part  of  a 
thing;  part  of  the  body 
about  the  ribs ;  margin  ; 
edge  ;  party  ;  interest.  —  a. 
Lateral ;  indirect.  —  v.  i.  To 
lean  to  one  party. 

Side'b5ard,  n.  A  kind  of 
table  on  one  side  of  a  room, 
to  hold  dinner  utensils,  &c. 

Side 'long,  a.  Lateral;  ob- 
lique ;  not  directly  in  front. 

Sid'er-al,     )  a.  Pertaining  to 

Si-de're-al, )  stars  ;  starry. 

Slde'-sad^dle,  n.  A  woman's 
saddle. 

Side'wige,  adv.  On  one  side. 
Si'dle,  V.  i.  To  go  side  fore- 
most, [fortified  place. 
Siege,  n.  Act  of  besetting  a 
Si'e-nite,  n.  See  Syenite. 
Si-es'ta,  n.  A  short  sleep  at 

noon  or  after  dinner. 
Sieve,  n.     A  small  utensil 

used  for  sifting. 
Sift,  V.  t.     To  separate  by 

means  of  a  sieve. 
Sift'er,  n.    One  who,  or  that 

which,  sifts. 
Sigh  (sT),  V.  i.  To  emit  breath 

audibly  ;  to  lament.  —  n.  A 

deep  breathing. 
Sight  (sit),       Sense,  act,  or 

object  of  seeing ;  a  show. 
Sight'less  (sTt/-),a.  Wanting 

sight. 

Sight'ly  (sit'-),  a.  ^  Pleasing 

to  the  eye  ;  conspicuous. 
Sign  (sin),  n.  A  token ;  mark ; 
signal ;  symbol ;  proof ;  won- 
der ;    constellation. — v.  t. 
To  subscribe  one's  name  to. 
Sig'nal,  n.     A  sign  to  give 
notice  ;  a  token. — a.  Emi- 
nent; remarkable. 
Sig'nal-ize,  v.  t.    To  make 
distinguished ;   to  make  a 
signal  in  regard  to. 
^\g'•^l^^.-\Y,adv.  Remarkably. 
Sig'na-tiire,  n.    A  name  or 

mark  signed  or  impressed. 
SIgn'er  (singer),  n.   One  who 

subscribes  his  name. 
Sig'net,  w.  A  seal,  especially 
a  private  royal  seal. 


SIMILE 

Sig-mPi-cange,  \  n.  Impor- 
Sig-mf'i-ean-gy,  j      tance  ; 

meaning  ;  import ;  weight. 
Sig-nif'i-eant,  a.  Expressive 
of  some  fact  or  meaning  ; 
important;  weighty. 
Sig'ni-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Meaning 
expressed  bywords  or  signs. 
Sig-nif'i-ea-tive,  a.  Having 

or  expressing  meaning. 
Sig'ni-fy,  v.   t.     To  make 
known.— 1'.  i.    To  express 
meaning  with  force. 
Sign'-post  (sin/-),  n.  A  post 

on  which  a  sign  hangs. 
Si'lenge,  n.     Stillness  ;  se- 
crecy ;  quiet ;  muteness.  — 
r.  t.  To  still;  to  appease. 
Si'lent,  a.  Still ;  mute ;  quiet. 
Si'lex,    )  n.    Silicic  acid,  or 
Sil'i-ea,  }     the  substance  of 
pure  quartz.       [or  quartz. 
Si-liQ'i-c,  a.  Relating  to  flint 
SI-H'cious  (-lish/us),  a.  Per- 
taining to  silex ;  flinty. 
Silk,  n.  The  fine,  soft  thread 
produced  by  the  silk-worm, 
or  cloth  made  of  the  thread. 
Silk'en,  a.  Made  of  silk ;  like 

silk;  soft;  silky. 
Silk'-worm  (-wfirm),  n.  A 

larve  that  produces  silk. 
Silk 'y,  a.  Pertaining  to,  con- 
sisting of,   or  resembling, 
silk;  soft;  silken. 
Sill  (1),  w.  Foundation  timber 
of  a  house  or  window,  &c. 
SiPla-hub,  n.   A  liquor  of 

wine  or  cider  and  milk. 
SiPli-ness,  n.  Want  of  sense. 
Sil'ly,  a.    Weak  in  intellect, 
and    self-satisfied.  —  Syn. 
Simple;  §,tupid. 
Silt,  n.    Mud  deposited  from 
running  or  standing  water. 
SiPver,  n.  .  A  precious  metal 
of  a  white  color.  —  a.  Made 
of,  or  like,  silver,  —  v.  t.  %o 
cover  with  silver. 
SiPver-smith,  n.  One 

works  in  silver. 
SiPver-y,  a.  Resembling  siH.' 

ver.  [bling. 
Sim'i-lar,  a.  Like  ;  resem- 
Sim/i-lar'i-ty,  n.  Resem- 
blance; likeness,  [manner 
Sim'i-lar-ly,  adv.  In  a  like 
Sim'i-le,  n.  Similitude. 


5. 6. 1,  o.  u.  V, long ;  a.  6,  i.  6,  ft,  5^,  5Aor77 care, car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tt^rm  ;  pVque,  firm; 


SIMILITUDE 

Si-miFi-tGde,  n.  Comparison. 
Sim'mer,  v.  i.  Toboii  peutly. 
Sim^o-ni'ac-al,  a.  Guilty  of, 
or  consisting  in,  simony. 

Sim'o-ny,  n.  The  crime  of 
bu}ing  or  selling  of  cliurcli 
prefermeat. 

Si-mobm',  w.  A  hot  suffocat- 
ing wind  in  Arabia,  Syria, 
and  the  adjacent  countries. 

Sim'per,  v.  i.  To  smile  in  a 
.silly  manner.  —  n.  An  af- 
fected or  silly  smile. 

Sim'plc,  a.  riain  ;  artless  ; 
single  ;  unmingled  ;  silly.  — 
n.  Sometliing  not  mixed  ; 
a  medicinal  plant. 

Sim'ple-ton  (sTm^pl-  10),  n. 
A  silly  or  foolish  person. 

Sim-pliQ'i-ty,  n.  Plainness ; 
artlessuess ;  singleness. 

Ri'm'pli-fi-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  simple. 

Sim'pli-fy,  V.  t.  To  make 
simple,  plain,  or  easy. 

Sim'ply,  arA'.  Without  art ; 
plainly ;  merely.  [feit. 

Sim'u-fate,  v.  t.  To  counter- 

Sim/u-ia'tion,  a.  Hypocrisy. 

Si'mul-ta'ne-oiis,  a.  llcing 
or  happening  at  the  same 
time  with  something  else. 

SPmul-ta'ne-ous-ly,  adv.  At 
the  same  time. 

Sin,  "n.  A  violation  of  divine 
Ij^w.,  or  rule  of  duty.  — v.  i. 
To  depart  knowingly  from  a 
known  rule  of  duty. 

Sm'a-pi§m,  n.  A  poultice 
of  pulverize'^  mustard-seed. 

Singe,  prep.  ^fter.  —  adv. 
Before  this  |BaOw ;  ago.  — 
conj.  Froni^^^'time  that ; 
because ;  Qoijisi'dering. 

Sin-gere',  a3  True ;  honest  ; 
undissembhng;  unfeigned. 

Sin-ger'i-ty,  Freedom 
from  disguise ;  honesty. 

feine,  n.  A  perpen-  ^ — 

:*'dicular  line  from  f      /  \ 

one  end  of  an  arc  [  ^  '  ) 

to  tlie  diameter  V  J 
drawn  through  ^r— ^ 
thef^ther  end. 

Si'ne-"€ilre,  n.  Office  or  posi- 
tion with  pay,  but  not  re- 
quiring active  labor. 

Sin'ew(sm/yTj),n.  A  tendon; 


OA  243 

muscle  ;  strength.  — v.  i  To 
unite  as  with  sinews. 

Sm'ew-y,  a.  Strong;  mus- 
cular; tendinous;  brawny. 

Sin'ful,a.  Guilty  of  sin;  un- 
holy ;  wicked. 

Sin'ful-ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing sinful;  wickedness. 

Sing,  V.  t.  or  7.  [imp.  sang, 
SUNG  ;  p.  SUNG.]  To  ut- 
ter musical  or  melodious 
sounds. 

Singe,  r.  t.  (11)  To  burn  the 
external  part  of;  to  scorch. 
—  n.  A  shght  burn  or 
scorching.  [singing. 

Sing'er,  n.     One  skilled  in 

Smg'ing,  n.  Act  of  uttering 
musical  notes. 

Sin'gle  ( sTng/gl ),  a .  Individ- 
ual ;  separate  ;  alone  ;  un- 
married ;  sincere.  —  v.  t.  To 
select ;  to  separate. 

Sm'glc-ness,  n.  Simplicity. 

Sin'gly,  adv.  Individually ; 
separately  ;  only . 

Sing'-song,  n.  A  drawling, 
monotonous  tone. 

Sm'gu-lar,  a.  Single  ;  alone  ; 
not  plural ;  particular  ;  re- 
markable ;  rare ;  odd. 

Sin''gu-lar'i-ty,  n.  Peculi- 
arity ;  oddity.  [ly. 

Sin'gu-lar-ly,  adv.  Peculiar- 

Sm'is-ter,  a.  Left ;  bad  ;  un- 
fair ;  unlucky. 

Sm'is-trous,  a.  Being  on,  or 
inclined  to,  the  left  side ; 
wrong ;  perverse. 

Sink,  V.  i.  [imp.  sunk, 
sank;  p.  p.  SUNK.]  To 
settle;  to  fall;  to  subside; 
to  decline. — v.  i.  To  im- 
merse ;  to  depress ;  to  de- 
grade. —  n.  A  drain  to  carry 
off  filth. 

Sink'ing-fund,  n.  A  fund 
to  reduce  a  public  debt. 

Sm'iess,  a.  Free  from  sin. 

Sm'ner,  n.  A  transgressor. 

Sm'-of^fer-ing,  n.  A  sacri- 
fice for  sin.  [and  out. 

Sm^u-a^tion,?i.  A  winding  in 

Sin^u-6s^i-ty,  n.  Quahty  of 
winding  in  and  out. 

Sm'u-ous,  a.  Winding  in  and 
out;  serpentine. 

Sip,  n.   A  slight  taste,  as  of 


SKATE 

liquor.— u.  i.  ort.  To  drinlt 

a  little. 

Si'phon,  n.  A  bent  tube  for 
transterring  liquor  from  one 
vessel  to  another. 

Sir,  71.  A  title  of  address  to 
a  man  ;  title  of  a  baronet. 

Sire,  n.  Father;  title  of  a 
king  ;  male  parent  of  a  beast. 
_ — v.t.   To  generate. 

Si'ren,  n.  A  mermaid  noted 
for  singing. 

Sir'loin,  n.   The  loin  of  bocf. 

Si-r6€'-eo,  n.  A  uoxi(.uij 
southeast  Avind  in  Italy. 

Sir 'rah,  n.  A  term  of  re- 
jjroach  ; — addressed  to  men. 

Sir'up,  n.  Vegetable  juice 
boiled  with  sugar. 

Sis'ter,  n.  A  fi  niale  bom  of 
the  same  parents  or  belong- 
ing to  the  same  association. 

Sis'ter-hdbd,  n.  A  society 
of  sisters.  [ter. 

Sis'ter-ly ,  a.  Becoming  a  sis- 
Sit,  V.  i.  [i7)!p.  &  p.  //.  SAT.] 
To  rest  on  the  haunches  ;  to 
perch;  to  brood,  [position. 

Site,  71.    A  situation  ;  local 

Sifting,  n.  A  session. 

Sit'u-ate,     )  a.  Being  in  any 

Sifu-a^ted,  j  condition. 

Sit^u-a'tion,  7?.  llelative  po- 
•Sition,  location,  or  con- 
dition ;  state ;  site. 

Six,  a.   Five  and  one. 

Six'penge,  'rt.  Half  a  shilling. 

Six'teen,  a.  Ten  and  six. 

Sixteenth,  a.  The  ordinal 
of  sixteen. 

Sixth,  a.  Next  after  the  fifth  ; 
being  one  of  six  equal  parts 
of  any  thing. 

Six'ty,  n:k  a.  Six  times  ten  ; 
three-score. 

Siz'a-ble  (11),  a.  Of  a  rea- 
sonable bulk. 

SPzar,  71.  A  student  of  rank 
below  a  pensioner.  [Eng.} 

Size,  n.  Bulk  ;  quantity  ;  a 
glutinous  substance.  — v.  t. 
To  adjust  or  arrange  accord- 
ing to  size  ;  to  cover  or  pre- 
pare with  size. 

STz^y,  a.    Glutinous  ;  ropy. 

Skate,  71.  A  frame  for  the  feet 
for  sliding  on  ice.  —  v.  i.  To 
slide  with  skates. 


S(5n,  or,  do,  w^lf,  t(7o,  to^ok  ;  Qrn,  rj^e,  piiU ;  f ,  ^,  soft ;  € ,  ^,hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  q     n^ :  this. 


SKEIN 


244 


Skein,  n.  A  knot  or  number 

o'f  knots  of  threads. 
Skel'e-ton,  n.    The  bones  of 
an  animal  retained  in  their 
natural  position ;  general 
structure. 
Skep'ti€,  n.  One  who  doubts, 

especially  of  revelation. 
Skepai€-al,  a.  Doubting. 
Skep'ti-Qism,n.  Doubt;  un- 
certainty'; universal  doubt. 
Sketch,  n.     An  outline  ;  a 
rough  draught.  —  v.  t.  To 
trace  by  drawing  outlines  of. 
Sketch'3^  a.    Like  a  sketch  ; 

incomplete. 
Skew'er  (ska/-),  n.  A  pointed 
rod  to  fasten  meat.  —  v.  t. 
To  fasten  with  skewers. 
Skid,  n.  A  short  piece  of  tim- 
ber ;  a  slider.  [boat. 
Skiff  (1),        A  small,  light 
Skill,  n.   Familiar  knowledge 
united  to  readiness  of  per- 
formance. —  SYN.  Dexteri- 
ty ;  adroitness.  —  v.  i.  To 
know  or  be  knowing. 
Skilled,  a.    Having  familiar 
knowledge.  [boiler. 
SkiPlet,  n.    A  small  kind  of 
Skill'ful  1(9),  a.  Qualified 
Skil'ful  j     with  skill;  expe- 
rienced. 
Skill'ful-ly,  i  adv.  T\ith 
SkiFful-ly,  )  knowledge 

and  dexterity. 
Skim,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  take  off 
scum  or  cream  ;   to  touch 
slightly.        [take  off  scum. 
Skim'mer,  n.   A  utensil  to 
Skim'-milk,  n.    Milk  from 
which  the  cream  has  been 
skimmed,  or  taken. 
Skin,  n.     Covcping  of  the 
llesh  ;  hide  ;  rind.— v.  t.  To 
deprive  of  the  skin.  —  v.  i. 
To  form  a  skin  over. 
Skin'-flint,  n.    A  miser;  a 
niggard.       [or  of  skin  only 
Skin'ny,a.  Consisting  of  skin, 
Skip,  V.  i.    To  leap  lightly.  — 
V.  t.    To  pass  oyer  or  by. 
n.    A  leap  ;  a  bound. 
Skip'per ,  n.  Master  of  a  small 

trading  vessel. 
Skir'mish,  n.    A  slight  fight 
in  war.  —  v.  i.     To  fight 
slightly  or  in  small  parties 


Skirt,  n.  A  border  ;  the  loose 
lower  part  of  a  coat,  of  a 
woman's  dress,  or  of  some 
other  garment. 
Skit'tish,  a.  Shy  ;  timorous. 
Skit'tles,  n.  pi.  Nine-pins. 
Skiilk,  V.  i.  To  lurk ;  to  hide. 
Skull,  n.     The  bony  case 

that  incloses  the  brain. 
Skull'-eap,  n.  A  close-fitting 
cap.  ,  ^ 

Skiink,  n.   A  fetid  animal  of 

North  America. 
Sky  (19),  n.    The  aerial  re- 
gion ;  the  heavens. 
Sky'-light  (-nt),  n.  A  window 

in  a  roof  or  deck. 
Sky'-sail,  n.    A  sail  next 

above  the  royal. 
Slab,  n.    A  thin  piece  of  any 
thing,  especially  of  stone  ; 
outside  piece  of  a  sawed  log. 
Slab'ber  {colloq.  slob/ber),  v. 

i.    To  slaver  ;  to  drivel. 
Slack  (5),  a.     Lax;  loose; 
relaxed ;  remiss  ;  slow  ;  tur- 
dy.  _  »i.     Part  of  a  rope 
having  no  strain  on  it.  —  v- 
To  loosen  ;  to  relax. 
Slack'en(siak/n),'y.  To  make 
or  become  slack  ;  to  relax  ; 
to  be  remiss  or  backward. 
Slack'ness,  n.  State  of  being 

slack  ;  remissness. 
Slag,  n.   Dross  of  metal  ;  vit- 
rified cinders. 
Smn  (U),P-P- of  Slay. 
Slake,  V.  t.    To  quench,  as 
thirst ;  to  extinguish  ;  to  mix 
with  water,  and  reduce  to 
powder,  as  lime. 
Siam,  V.  t.     To  shut  with 
force.  —  n.    A  violent  shut- 
ting or  striking. 
Slan'der,  v.  t.   To  injure  by 
false  reports.  —  SYN.  To  de- 
fame ;   vilify  ;  calumniate. 

n.  False  report  malicious- 
ly uttered ;  defamation. 
Slan'der-ous,   a.  Defama- 
tory ;  calumnious. 
Siang,  n.    Low,  vulgar,  un- 

authorii5ed  language. 
Slant,  v.t.or  i.  To  slope  ;  to 

lie  or  turn  obliquely. 
Slant'ing,  a.     Sloping  ;  in- 
clining ;  oblique. 

I,  V.  t.  To  strike  with  the 


SLEEK 

open  hand.  —  n.     A  blow 
with  the  open  hand,  or  with 
something  iiat  and  broad. 
Slash,  V.  t.    To  cut  in  long 
cuts.  —  v.n.    To  strike  vio- 
lently and  at  random  with 
an  edged  instrument.  —  iu 
A  long  incision. 
Slat,  n.    A  narrow  strip  of 
board  for  various  purposes. 
Slate,  n.  A  kind  of  dark  stone, 
or  a  thin  flat  piece  of  it.  — 
V.  t.    To  cover  with  slate. 
Slat'tern,  n.    A  woman  neg- 
ligent of  her  dress  or  house. 
Slat'tern-ly,  a.  Negligent; 

sluttish.  [hke,  slate. 

Slat'y,  a.    Consisting  of,  or 
Slaughter  (siaw'ter),  n.  De- 
struction of  life  ;  massacre  ; 
carnage.  —  v.  t.     To  kill; 
to  slay  ;  to  butcher. 
Slaugh'ter-house  (slaw/-),  n. 

Place  for  butchering  cattle. 
Slaugh'ter-ous   (slaw'-),  a. 

Murderous  ;  destructive. 
Slave,  n.    A  person  held  in 
bondage;  a  drudge.— r'.  i- 
to  drudge  ;  to  toil. 
Slav'er,  n.    A  slave-ship. 
Sl&v'er,  n.    Spittle  driveling 
from  the  mouth.  —  r.  i.  To 
emit  spittle.— t'.   t.  To 
smear  with  spittle  issuing 
from  the  mouth. 
Slav'er-y ,  n.  State  of  a  slave  ; 

bondage;  thralldom. 
Slav'ish,  a.    Servile  ;  mean. 
Slay,  V.  t.  [imp.  slew;  p. 
p.  SLAIN.]  To  put  to  death. 
—  SYN.    To  kill;  destroy; 
»   slaughter  butcher, 
kiay'er,  ir   One  who  kills. 
§lea'zy,a.    Thin;  flimsy. 
Sipd,  n.    A  carriage  on  run- 
t^rs    for    carrying  heavy 
l^rdens  on  the  snow  ;  a 
seat  on  runners  for 
sliding  on  snow.  —  v.t.  To 
covAcy  on  a  sled. 
SleM^,n.    Act  of  trans- 
porting on  a  sled  ;  snow 
enough  for  sleds. 
Sledge,  n.   A  large  hammer,* 

a  sled;  a  sleigh. 
Sleek,  a.    Smooth,  soft,  and 
glossy,  —v.t.     To  make 
smooth,  soft,  and  glossy. 


S,  .,T,  o,  u,  y,  /on..;  S, e , 1, 6.  fi,     sUort ;  care,  c4r,  ask,      whjt ;  Ere,  vfiU.  t.m. ;  pVque,  T.^ ; 


SLEEKNESS 


245 


SMACK 


Sleek'ness,  n.  Smoothness 
and  glossiness  of  surface. 

Sleep,  n.  Slumber  ;  repose  ; 
rest.  —  V.  i.  [imp.  &  p. 
SLEPT.]  To  rest  with  the 
voluntary  exercise  or'  the 
powers  of  body  and  mind 
suspended. 

Sleep'er,  n.  One  who  sleeps  ; 
a  timber  for  the  support  of  a 

'   rail  or  some  superstructure. 

Sleep'i-ness,  n.  Drowsiness. 

Sleep'less,  a.  IhWrn^  no 
sleep  ;  wakeful ;  excited. 

Sleep'less-ness,  n.  Want  of 
sleep.  [drowsy. 

Sleep'y,  a.  Disposed  to  sleep  ; 

Sleet,  n.  Rain  and  snow  or 
hail  falHng  together,  [arm. 

Sleeve,  n.    Covering  of  the 

Sleigh  (sla),  n.  A  vehicle  for 
traveling  on  snow. 

Sleigh'ing  (sla/-),  n.  Act  of 
riding  in  a  sleigh ;  state  of 
snow  with  respect  to  riding 
in  a  sleigh. 

Sleight  (slit),  n.  An  artful 
trick  ;  dexterity. 

Slen'der,  a.  Thin  and  com- 
paratively long ;  weak. 

S16n'der-ness,  n.  Smallness 
of  diameter;  slightness. 

Slept,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sleep. 

Slew  (slu),  imp.  of  Slay. 

Sley,  t'.  t.  To  part  and  ar- 
range in  a  reed,  as  threads. 

Sllge,  n.  A  thin  piece  cut  off. 
—  V.  t.  To  cut  off  a  thin, 
broad  piece  from. 

Slide,  V.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  slid  ; 

p.  p.  SLID,  SLIDDEN.]  To 

move  along  the  surface  ;  to 
slip.  —  n.  A  smooth,  easy 
passage  on  something. 

Slight  (slit),  a.  Unimportant ; 
weak  ;  trifling ;  slender.  — n. 
Neglect. — V.  t.  To  treat 
with  neglect ;  to  disregard 

Slight'ly  (slit/-),  adv.  Super- 
ficially. 

SlPly.    See  Slyly.  [slight. 

Slim,  a.    Slender  ;    weak  ; 

Slime,  n.  Soft,  moist,  ad- 
hesive earth.  [glutinous. 

Slim'y,  a.  Viscous  :  clammy  ; 

Sling,  n.  A  weapon  for  throw 
ing  stones ;  a  throw ;  a  kind 
of  bandage.  —  v.  t.  [imp.  & 


p.  p.  SLUNG.]    To  hurl  by 
a  sling ;  to  cast. 
Slink,   V.    [imp.    &   p.  p. 
SLUNK.]    To  steal  or  sneak 
away  ;  to  miscarry. 
Slip,  V.    To  slide  involunta- 
rily ;  to  glide  ;  to  escape.  — 
n.     A  sliding  ;    mistake  ; 
twig  ;  narrow  piece  ;  strip. 
Slip'-kn6t  (-not),  n.    A  knot 
tliat  slips  along  the  line  on 
which  it  is  made. 
Slip'per,  n.    A  kind  of  light 

shoe  worn  in  undress. 
Slip'per-i-ness,  n.    State  or 

quality  of  being  slippery. 
Slip'per-y,  «.  Smooth;  glib; 

apt  to  slip  away  ;  unstiible. 
Slip'shdd,  a.    Wearing  shoes 
down  at  the  heels  ;  careless. 
Slit,  n.    A  long  cut  or  rent. 
—  V.  t.   [imp.  SLIT  ;  p.  p. 
SLIT,  SLITTED.]  To  divide 
lengthvv'ise  ;  to  rend  or  cut. 
Slit'ting-mill,    n.     A  mill 
where  iron  bars  are  slit  into 
nail-rods,  &c. 
Sliv'er,  or  Sli'ver,  f.  t.  To 
divide  into  thin  pieces.  —  n. 
A  long  slice  cut  or  torn  off. 
Slob'ber,  v.  n.    See  Slabber. 
Sloe  (27),  n.  Fruit  of  the  black 

thorn. 
Sloop,  w.  A  kind 
of  vessel  having 
one  mast  only. 
S16p,  71.  Water 
carelessly 
spilled.  — pi. 
dirty      water ; 
ready  -  made 
clothes. — V.  t. 
to  overflow  ;  to  spill. 
Slope,  n.     Direction  down- 
ward ;  a  declivity  or  accliv- 
ity. —  V.     To  form  with  a 
slope  ;  to  be  inclined. 
SlSp'py,  a.    Wet  and  dirty. 
Slot,  n.    A  slit  or  aperture  in 

a  plate  of  metal. 
S15th,  or  S16th,n.  Sluggish- 
ness ;  laziness  :  a  slow-mov- 
ing animal  of  South  Amer- 
ica, living  in  trees. 
Sloth'ful,  or  S16th'ful,  a. 

Lazy  ;  sluggish  ;  indolent. 
Slouch,  n.    A  hanging  down. 
To  hang  down  ;  to  de 


press  ;  to  have  a  clownish 
look  or  manner.  [place. 

Slough  (ilou),  n.     A  miry 

Slough  (sluf),  n.  Cast  skin 
of  a  serpent ;  part  that  sep' 
arates  from  a  sore. 

Slov'en  [or  sluv/n),  n.  A  man 
habitually  careless  of  dress 
and  neatness. 

S16v'en-li-ness  [or  sltiv^n-), 
n.  Habitual  want  ol  clean- 
liness. 

S16v'en-ly   (or   sluv^n-),  a. 
Negligent  of  dress  or  neat- 
ness ;  loose ;  disorderly. 
Slow,  a.    Not  fast  or  quick  ; 
not  prompt.  —  Syn.  Tardy  ; 
slothful ;  inactive.  [dily. 
Slow'ly,  adv.  Not  quick  ;  tar- 
Slow'ness,  n.     Quality  of 

being  slow  ;  deliberation. 
Slue,  V.  t.    To  turn  about  a 

fi.xed  point. 
Slug,  n.    A  drone  ;  a  slow  or 
lazy  fellow  ;  a  kind  of  snail. 
Slug'gard,  n.   A  person  ha- 
bitually lazy  ;  a  drone,  [lazy. 
Slug'gish,    a.  Habitually 
Sluice,  n.    A  stream  of  water 
issuing  through    a  flood- 
gate ;  a  floodgate. 
Slum'ber,  v.  i.     To  sleep 
lightly  ;  to  doze.  — n.  Light 
sleep  ;  repose. 
Slump,  v.i.  To  sink  through 
or  in,  as  when  walking  on 
ice  or  snow. 
Slung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sling. 
Slunk,  imp.  8c  p.  p.  of  Slink. 
Slur,  V.  t.    To  soil ;  to  sully  ; 
to  pass  lightly  ;  to  perform 
in  a  smooth,  gliding  man- 
ner. —  n.  Stain  ;  shght  dis- 
grace or  reproach ;  innuen- 
do ;  a  mark  [     or  ""]  con- 
necting notes  to  be  sung  to 
the  same  syllable. 
Slut,  n.    An  untidy  woman ; 

a  slattern  ;  a  female  dog. 
Slut'tish,    a.      Negligent ; 

dirty  ;  slatternh'.  [crafty. 
Sly  (13),  a.  Artful ;  cunning; 
Sly-hobts,  n.  A  sly  person. 
Sly'ly  (L3),  adv.  With  art  5 
cunningly  ;  craftily.  [sly. 
Sly^'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
Smack,  v.  i.  To  kiss  loudly  ; 
to  crack,  as  a  whip ;  to 


son,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  too,  tobk  ;  drn,  r^je,  pyiU ;  f ,     soft ;     g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  tills. 


SMALL 


246 


SNOW-BALL 


taste.  —  n.    A  loud  kiss  ;  ! 
taste  ;  a  small  coasting  or 
fishing  vessel. 
Small,  a.    Little;  slender; 
-weak.  —  n.    The  slender  or 
narrow  part  of  any  thing. 
Smail'-arms,  n.pL.  Muskets, 
riifles,  or  pistols,  [weak  beer. 
SmalP-beer,  n.    A  kind  of 
Small'-pox,  n.  A  contagious 
and  eruptive  disease,  [fine. 
Smalt,  n.    Blue  glass  ground 
Smart,  a.     Quick  ;  active  ; 
brisk  ;  sharp.  —  n.  Quick, 
pungent,  lively  pain.  — v.  i. 
To  have  a  keen  pain. 
Smart'!-/  ,adv .  Briskly ;  sharp- 
ly ;  wittily.      [being  smart. 
Srnart'ness,  n.    Quality  of 
Smash,  f.  ^.  To  dash  to  pieces. 

—  71.  A  breaking  to  pieces. 
Smat'ter,  v.  i.    To  talk  su- 
perficially or  ignorantly. 

Smat'ter-ing,  n.  Slight,  su- 
perficial knowledge. 
Smear,  v.  t.  To  daub;  to  soil. 
Smell,  V.  t.  or  I.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

SMELLED,  or  SMELT.]  To 
perceive  by  the  nose  ;  to 
affect  the  nose.  —  n.  Odor  ; 
scent ;  sense  by  which  odors 
are  perceived. 
Smelt,  V.  t.    To  melt,  as  ore. 

—  n.    A  small  kind  of  fish. 

—  V.  imp.  kp.  p.of  Smell. 
Smile,  r.  i.    To  look  as  when 

pleased  or  joyous. — n.  A 
peculiar  contraction  of  the 
face  expressive  of  pleasure 
or  kindness,  &c. 

Smil'ing,  a.  Appearing  gay. 

Smirch,  v.  t.  To  cloud ;  to 
dirt ;  to  soil. 

Smirk,  v.  i.  To  look  affected- 
ly soft  or  kind. —  n.  An 
affectedly  soft  or  kind  look. 

Smite,  f.  t.  [imp.  SMOTE  ; 

p.p.  SMIT,  SMITTEN.]  To 

strike  ;   to  kill ;   to  blast  ; 

to  afflict.  —  V.  i.    To  strike  ; 

to  collide.  [metals 
Smith,  ^1.  One  who  works  in 
Smith'er-y,  n.  The  work  or 

workshop  of  a  smith. 
Smit'ten,^.  p.  of  Smite. 
Smock,  n.  A  shift;  achem.ise. 
Smolce,  n.  Exlialation  from 

burning  substances.  —  v.  i. 


To  emit  smoke.  —  v.  t.  To 
hang  in  smoke  ;  to  use  in 
smoking,  as  a  pipe  or  cigar. 

Smok'er,  n.  One  who  smokes. 

Smok'y,  a.  Emitting  smoke  ; 
like  smoke;  obscure. 

Smol'der,   \v.  i.    To  waste 

Smoul'der, )  away  by  slow 
combustion. 

Smooth,  a.  Even  on  the  sur- 
face. —  V.  t.  To  make  even. 

Smooth 'ly,  adv.  Evenly  ; 
calmly  ;  blandly. 


Snarl,  v.  t.  To  entangle  ;  to 
complicate.  —  v.  i.  To  growl, 
as  a  dog.  —  n.  Entangle- 
meut ;  an  embarrassing  dif- 
ficulty. 

Snatch,  v.  t.  To  seize  hastily. 
—  n.  A  hasty  catch  or  seiz- 
ing ;  a  small  fragment. 
Snath,  It.  Handle  of  a  fcy  the. 
Sneak  (8),  v.  i.  To  creep 
slyly  ;  to  behave  meanly  ;  to 
hide.  —  n.  A  mean,  sneak- 
ing fellow. 


Smooth'ness,  n.  Evenness  of    Sneak'ing,  a.  Mean ;  servile. 


surface  ;  mildness  of  ad- 
dress ;  gentleness. 

Smote,  imj).  of  Smite. 

Smoth'er,  v.  t.  To  suffocate. 
—  n.  A  smoke  ;  thick  dust. 

Smug'gle,  v.  t.  To  import 
without  paying  duties;  to 
convey  privatelj' . 

SmUt,  n.  Soot ;  foul  matter, 
or  a  spot  made  by  it ;  a  kind 
of  fungus;  mildew. — v.t. 
To  mark  with  smut ;  to 
soil.  [with  smoke. 

Smiitch,  v.  t.     To  blacken 

Smiit'ti-ness,  n.  Soil  from 
smoke ;  obscenity. 

Smiit'ty,  a.  Soiled;  obscene. 

Snack,  n.  A  share ;  equal 
part  or  portion. 

Snaffle,  n.  A  bridle  consist- 


Sneer,  V.  i.  To  show  con- 
tempt by  laughing  or  by  a 
look.  —  n.  A  scornful  or 
contemptuous  look. 
Sneeze,  v.  i.  To  eject  nir  vio- 
lently through  the  nose.  — 
n.  A  violent  ejection  of  air 
through  the  no.<-e. 
Sniff  {1),  V.  i.  or  i.    To  draw 

air  audibly  up  the  nose. 
Snick^er,  \v.    i.    To  laugh 
Snig'ger,  J     with  catches  of 
voice.  [to  clip. 

Snip,  V.  t.  To  cut  off ;  to  nip  ; 
Snipe,  n.    A  bird  having  a 

long,  straight,  slender  bill. 
Sniv'el  (snivel),  w.  Mucous 
running  from  the  nose.  — 
V.  i.  (8)  To  run  at  the  nose ; 
to  crv,  as  children. 


ing  of  a  slender  bit  with-  i  Snob,  n.  A  vulgar  person  who 
out  branches.  |     apes  gentility  ;  an  upstart. 

Snag,  n.     A  short,  rough   Snob'bish,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
branch  ;   trunk  of  a  large  I     like,  a  snob, 
tree  fixed  at  one  end  to  the  ;  Snooze,  v.  t.    To  doze  ;  to 
bottom  of  a  river.  |     drowse,  —n.  A  short  sleep ; 

Snas-'ged,  1  a.    Full  of  snags;     a  nap ;  slumber. 


Snag^gy,   j   or  sharp  points. 
Snail,  n.     A  small  reptile 
which  moves  very  slowly  ;  a 
sluggard. 
Snake,      A  serpent. 
Snake'root,  n.    One  of  sev- 
eral very  different  plants. 
Snap  (7),  V.   To  break  short ; 
to"  seize  suddenly  with  the 
teeth  :  to  crack.  —  n.  Act  of 
breaking  suddenly. 
Snap'-drag/on,  n.  A  plant ; 

a  kit!d  of  game,  [petulant. 
Sn^p'pish,  a.    Apt  to  snap; 
Snare,  n.    Any  thing  which 
entraps;  a  noose.  —  v.t.  To 
ensfiare ;  to  entangle. 


Snored  v.  i.    To  breathe  with 
a   rough,  hoarse  noii-e  in 
sleep.  —  n.      A  breathing 
with  a  loud  noise  in  sleep. 
Snorting,  n.    A  loud,  hoarse 

breathing  in  sleep. 
Snort,  V.  i.     To  force  air 
through  th«  nose  with  a 
noise.  [the  nose. 

Snot,  n.  Mucus  from  or  in 
Snout,  n.    The  long  nose  of 

a  beast ;  end  of  a  pipe. 
Snow,  n.  Frozen  vapor  which 
falls  in  flakes.  —  v.  i.  To  fall 
in  flakes. 
Snow'-ball,  n.  A  round  mass 
or  lump  of  snow. 


a,  5,1,  o,  u,  y,  ^on^'/it,  e,  i,  6,  tl,^, short;  care,  ciir,  ask,  all,whj.it ;  ore,  vgU,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SNOW-BERRY 


247 


SOLIDITY 


Snow'-ber^ry,  n.  A  shrub 
with  small  white  berries. 

Snow'-drop,  n.  A  bulbous 
plant  bearing  white  flowers. 

Snow'-shoe,  n.  A  light  frame 
for  the  foot,  to  euable  a  per- 
son to  walk  on  snow. 

Snow'y,  a.  Full  of  snow ; 
white  as  snow  ;  pure. 

Snub,  V.  t.  To  check  or  re- 
buke sarcastically. — n.  A 
reprimand ;  a  rebuke. 

Snuff  (1),  H.  Burnt  wick  of  a 
candle  ;  powdered  tobacco. 

—  V.  t.  To  crop,  as  the  burnt 
end  of  the  wick  of  a  candle  ; 
to  inhale  ;  to  smell, — v.  i. 
To  draw  air  forcibly  into  the 
nose. 

Snuff 'b6x,  n.  A  small  box  for 
snuff. 

Gnuff'er§  (9),  n.  pi.  An  in- 
strument to  snuff  candles. 

Snuffle,  V.  i.  To  speak 
through  the  nose. 

Snug,  a.  Lying  close ;  private; 
compact  and  comfortable. 

Snug'gle,  V.  i.  To  lie  close 
for  convenience  or  warmth. 

Sniig'ly, ar/t'.  Closely;  safely. 

So,  adv.  Thus  ;  in  like  man- 
ner or  degree ;  very. 

Soak,  V.  t.  or  /.  To  steep  or  be 
steeped ;  to  drench. 

Soap,  n.  A  compound  of  oil 
or  fat,  and  an  alkali  or  oxide 
used  in  washing.  — v.  t.  To 
rub  with  soap. 

Soap'-boiFer,  n.  One  who 
makes  soap. 

Soap'stone,  A  soft  mineral 
feeling  soapy  to  the  touch. 

Soap'-suds,  n.  Water  im- 
pregnated with  soap. 

Soap'y,  a.  Covered  with,  or 
like,  soap. 

Soar,  V.  'i.  To  mount  on  the 
wing  ;  to  fly  aloft.  —  n.  A 
towering  flight. 

Sob,  V.  i.  To  sigh  convulsive- 
ly. —  n.  A  convulsive  sigh. 

So'ber,  a.  Serious  ;  grave  ; 
temperate;  not  intoxicated. 

—  V.  t.    To  make  sober. 
So'ber-ly,  adv.     Seriously ; 

gravel yj  temperately. 
So-bri'e-ty,    n.  Habitual 
temperance  ;  gravity. 


So/bfi-quct'  (so'bre-ka'),  n. 
A  nickname. 

So^cia-bil'i-ty  (-sha-),n.  Dis- 
position for  society  or  con- 
versation. 

S5'cia-ble  (-sha-),  a.  Ready 
to  converse ;  familiar. 

So'cia-bly  (-sha-),  ado,  Con- 
versably  ;  familiarly. 

So'cial  (so^shal),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  fond  of,  society. 

So'cial-ism,  n.  Doctrine  that 
a  community  of  interests  is 
the  best  form  of  society. 

So-Qi'e-ty,  n.  Union  of  per- 
sons in  one  interest ;  fellow- 
ship ;  companionship  ;  an 
association  ;  company. 

So-Qin'i-an,  n.  A  follower  of 
Sociuus,  who  denied  the 
Trinity,  deity  of  Christ,  &c. 

S6ck,  n.  A  shoe  for  a  comic 
actor  ;  a  short  stocking. 

SSck'et,  n.  An  opening  into 
which  any  thing  is  fitted. 

S6d,  n.  Earth  filled  with 
roots  of  grass.  — Syn.  Turf; 
clod  ;  sward.  —  v.  t.  To 
cover  with  sods  ;  to  turf. 

So'da,  n.  An  alkali,  forming 
the  basis  of  common  salt. 

SSd'den,  p.  p.  of  Seetke. 

S6d'er,  v.  t.  To  unite  with  a 
metallic  cement;  to  solder. 
—  n.    Metallic  cement. 

S5'fa  (18),  n.  A  long,  stuffed, 
ornamental  seat. 

SSf'fit,  n.    A  ceiling. 

S6ft,  a.  Easily  yielding ;  gen- 
tle ;  tender  ;  delicate  ;  weak. 

Soft'en  (sof/n),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  soft. 

SSft'ly,  ac/i'.  Tenderly;  gen- 
tly ;  silently. 

SSft'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
soft  ;  tenderness.  [water. 

S6g'gy,    a.      Soaked  with 

Soil,  V.  t.  To  daub  ;  to  stain ; 
to  make  dirty.  —  n.  Upper 
stratum  of  earth  ;  mold  ; 
compost ;  manure  ;  country. 

Soiree  (swa-ra*'),  n.  An  even- 
ing party. 

S5'journ,  v.  i.  To  dwell  for  a 
time. — n.  Temporary  abode. 

Sd'journ-er,  n.  A  temporary 
resident,  as  a  traveler, 

Sol  (1),  w.    A  note  in  music. 


Sol'age,  v.  t.   To  give  com- 
fort to.  —  Syn.  To  comfort ; 
cheer  ;  assuage  ;  relieve. — 
n.    Comfort  in  grief. 
S5'lar,  a.    Pertaining  to,  or 

proceeding  from,  the  sun. 
Sold,  imp.  8c p.  p.  of  Sell. 
S61'der,  v.  t.  To  unite  with  a 
fusible  metallic  cement.  — 
n.  A  fusible  metallic  com- 
position for  uniting  the  sur- 
faces of  metals. 

Sol'dier  (sol'jer),  n.  One  who 
is  engaged  in  military  ser- 
vice ;  a  warrior, 

SoPdier-ly  (sol'jer-),  a.  Like 
a  good  soldier  ;  warlike  ; 
martial.     [body  of  soldiers. 

SoPdier-y  (solder-),  n.  A 

Sole,  n.  Bottom  of  the  foot  or 
of  a  shoe  or  boot.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  soles.  — a. 
Single  ;  alone  ;  solitary. 

SoPe-gism,  n.  Impropriety  ia 
language ;  any  absurdity. 

Sole'ly,  adv.  Singly  ;  only. 

S6Pemn  (soPem),  a.  Re- 
ligiously grave  ;  marked 
with  solemnity  ;  awful  ; 
grave ;  formal. 

So-lem'ni-ty,  n.  Religious 
ceremony  ;  a  rite  ;  gravity  ; 
.«!eriou.«;ness. 

S6Pem-ni-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
solemnizing;  celebration. 

S6Pem-mze,  v.  t.  To  cele- 
brate in  due  form. 

S6Penui-ly  (soPem-),  adv. 
With  solemnity  ;  gravely. 

So-liQ'it,  V.  t.  To  ask  with 
earnestness.  —  SYN.  To  en- 
treat ;  supplicate ;  implore. 

So-liQ/it-a'tion,  n.  Entreaty. 

So-lig'it-or,  n.  An  advocate ; 
an  attorney.  [careful. 

So-lig'it-ous,  a.     Anxious  ; 

So-liQ'i-tude,  n.  Anxiety; 
carefulness  ;  concern. 

SoPid,  a.  Hard  ;  firm;  com- 
pact ;  sound.  —  n.  A  sub- 
stance having  a  fixed  form. 

S6Pi-dar'i-ty,  n.  Entire 
union  of  interests  and  re- 
sponsibilities ;  fellowship. 

So-lid'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
solid  or  compact. 

So-lid'i-ty,  n.  Firmness  \ 
hardness ;  density. 


son,  or,  dg,  wglf,  too,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rye,  pyll ;  p,     soft ;     g,  Jiard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


SOLIDLY 


248 


SOUCHONG 


S61'id-ly,  adv.  Compactly  ; 
firmly  ;  densely. 

So-lil'o-qmze,  v.  i.  To  utter 
a  soliloquy.         [one's  self. 

So-liPo-quy,w.    A  talking  to 

S61'i-ta-ri-ness  ( 13 ) ,  n .  Lack 
of  company;  loneliness. 

S6I'i-ta-ry,  a.  Lonely;  re- 
tired ;  single ;  sole. 

S61'i-tude,  n.  Loneliness;  a 
lonely  place. 

So'lo,  n.  A  tune  or  air  per- 
formed by  one  person. 

S61'stiQe,  n.  The  point  in  the 
ecliptic  at  which  the  sun  is 
furthest  from  the  equator. 

Sol-sti'tial  (-stish^al),  a.  Be- 
longing to,  or  happening  at, 
a  solstice.      [being  soluble. 

S6Vu-bil'i-ty,  n.    Quality  of 

Sol'u-ble,  a.  Capable  of  being 
dissolved  in  a  fluid. 

So-lu'tion,  n.  Process  of  dis- 
solving in  a  fluid ;  mixture 
resulting  from  it ;  explana- 
tion. 

S61v/a-bn'i-ty,  n.  Ability  to 
pay  all  just  debts. 

S61v'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable  of 
being  solved. 

S61ve,  V.  t.  To  explain;  to 
unfold  ;  to  clear  up. 

S61v'en-Qy,  n.  Abihty  to  pay 
all  debts  or  just  claims. 

SSlv'ent,  a.  Able  to  pay 
debts  ;  dissolving.  —  n.  A 
fluid  vrhich  dissolves  any 
substance. 

S6m'ber,  (  a.   Dull ;  dusky  ; 

Som'bre,  )     dark ;  gloomy. 

Sdm'broiis,  a.  Dark  ;  gloomy. 

Some  (slim),  a.  More  or  less  ; 
indicatinga  quantity  or  per- 
son unknown;  certain. 

S6me'b6d-y  (17),  «•  A  person 
unknown  or  indeterminate ; 
some  person  ;  one. 

Som'er-set  ( slim'- ),  n.  A  leap 
in  which  one  turns  heels 
over  head. 

Some'how,  adv.  In  one  way 
or  another. 

S6meahing,  n.  A  thing  in- 
determinate ;  a  part. 

S6me'time§,  adv.  Now  and 
then  ;  occasionally. 

Some'what  (sttm^hwSt),  adv. 
In  some  degree  or  quantity. 


Som-nam'bu-lism,  n.  Act  of  ! 

walking  in  sleep.  j 

Som-nam'bu-list,  n.  One 
who  walks  in  sleep.  j 

Som-nif'er-ous,  I  a.  Causing, 

Som-nif'i€,  j  or  tending 
to  cause,  sleep.  | 

Som-ml'o-quenge,n.  Act  of  i 
talking  in  sleep. 

Som-nil'o-quist,  n.  One  who  j 
talks  in  sleep.  I 

Som'no-lenge,  n.  Sleepiness. 

Som'no-lent,  a.  Inclined  to 
sleep  ;  sleepy. 

Spn  (sun),  n.  A  male  child 
or  descendant. 

So-na'ta,  n.  A  tune  for  one 
or  two  instruments,  [sung. 

Song,  n.  A  short  poem  to  be 

S6ng'ster,  n.  A  singer  ;  a 
bird  that  sings.  [singer. 

Song'stress,  n.     A  female  | 

Son'net,  n.  A  poem  of  four-  1 
teen  lines,  composed  accord-  I 
ing  to  certain  rules.  | 

Sdn^net-eer',  n.  A  composer 
of  sonnets  or  small  poems. 

So-n5'rous ,  a .  Giving  sound 
when  struck  ;  loud  ;  re- 
sounding ;  high-sounding. 

Son'ship,  n.  State  or  charac- 
ter of  a  son  ;  filiation. 

Soon,  ndv.  In  a  little  time ; 
shortly  ;  before  long. 

Sdbt  (or  stTot),  n.  A  black 
substance  formed  by  com- 
bustion.—  V.  t.  To  black 
with  soot. 

Sooth,  n.    Truth  ;  reality. 

Soothe,  V.  t.  To  calm  ;  to 
quiet.  [predict. 
Sobth'say ,  v.  t.  To  foretell ;  to 
Sdbth'say-er,  n.  A  prophet. 
Sdbt'y  (orsdot/y),  rt.  Relating 

to,  or  covered  with,  soot. 
S6p,  n.    Food  dipped  in  any 
liquid.  —  V.  t.    To  steep  or 
dip  in  liquor. 
S6ph'i§m,  n.     A  fallacious 

argument ;  a  fallacy. 
S6ph'ist,  n.    A  captious  or 

fallacious  reasoner. 
S6ph'ist-er,  n.  A  sophist ;  a 
student  advanced,  in  Eng- 
land beyond  the  first,  and  in 
America  beyond  the  second, 
year  of  his  residence. 
So-phist'i€-al,  a.  Fallacious. 


So-phist'i-c-al-ly,  adv.  In  a 
sophistical  nianner. 

So-phist'i-e-ate,  v.  t.  To  per- 
vert ;  to  corrupt.  [soning. 

Soph'ist-ry,  n.  Fallacious  rea- 

Soph'o-more,  n.  A  student 
in  college  in  his  second  year. 

S6ph'o-m6r'i€,  la.Inflat- 

S6ph''o-m6r'i€-al,  j  ed  in 
style  or  manner. 

SSp^o-rif  er-ous, )  a.  Caus- 

S6p^o-rif 'i€,       j   ing  sleep. 

S6p''o-rif' i-e,  n.  A  medicine 
that  puts  to  sleep. 

So-pra'no,  n.    The  treble. 

S6r'ger-er,  n.  A  magician  ; 
an  enchanter ;  a  conjurer. 

S6r'Qer-ess,  n.  An  enchant- 
ress, [sorcery. 

Sor'ger-ous,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Sor'QBi-y,  n.  Enchantment; 
witchcraft ;  magic,  [filthy. 

Sor'did,  a.    Covetous ;  base  ; 

S6r'did4y,  adv.  AVith  cove- 
tousness ;  meanly  ;  basely. 

Sore,  n.  Flesh  tender  and 
painfal ;  a  wound  ;  an  ul- 
cer. —  a.  Tender  to  the 
touch  ;  painful. 

Sore,  or  Sore'ly,  adv.  "With 
pain;  grievously;  greatly. 

Sore'ness,  n.  Tenderness. 

Sor'rel,  a.  Of  a  yellowish  or 
reddish  brown  color.  —  n.  A 
plant  having  a  sour  juice. 

S6r'ri-ly,  adv.  Meanly  ; 
poorly  ;  despicably. 

Sor'row,  n.  Pain  produced 
by  a  sense  of  loss  ;  regret; 
—  Syn.  Grief  ;  sadness  ; 
unhappiness.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
sorry  ;  to  mourn  ;  to  grieve ; 
to  be  sad.  [sad. 

S6r'r5w-ful,   a.   Mournful  ; 

Sdr'ry,  a.'  Grieved  for  some- 
thing lost  or  past^  poor*, 
mean ;  vile. 

Sort,  n.    A  species  ;  kind  ; 
manner.  —  v.  t.   To  dispose 
in  classes.  —  v.  i.  To  agree ; 
to  associate  ;  to  suit. 
S6t,  n.  An  habitual  drunkard. 
S6taish,  a.    Dull  or  stupid 

with  drink ;  drunken. 
Sou  (soo),  n.  {pi.  Sous,  scJb.) 

The  20th  of  a  franc. 
Sou-Qh6ng'  (sob-shongO,  n. 
A  kind  of  black  tea. 


a, 6, 1, 6, fi,  y,  long;  a,  6, 1,  6, «,  ^ ,  short ;  care,  car,  &sk,  gU,  wh?t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm } 


SOUGH 


249 


SPECIES 


Sough  (sQf),  n.     A  hollow 

murmur  or  roaring. 
Sought  (savvt),  imp.  of  Seek. 
Soul,  n.    The  spiritual  and 
immortal  part  of  man  ;  life  ; 
intellectual  principle ;  a  hu- 
man being. 
Soul'less,  a.  Without  a  soul ; 

mean  ;  spiritless. 
Sound, n.    Noise;  a  narrow 
sea  ;  air-bladder  of  a  fish.  — 
a.  Whole  ;  unhurt.  —  v.  i. 
To  make  a  noise  ;  to  try  the 
depth  of  water. — v.  t.  To 
cause  to  make  a  noise ;  to  try 
the  depth  of. 
Sound'ings,  n.  pL   A  part  of 
the  sea  or  other  water  in 
which  the  bottom  can  be 
reached. 
Sound'ly,  adv.    Healthily  ; 

heartily  ;  stoutly  ;  justly. 
Sound'ness,  n.    State  of  be- 
ing sound. 
Soup  (subp),  M.    A  decoction 

of  flesh,  vegetables,  &c. 
Sour,  a.    Acid ;  tart  ;  crab- 
bed. —  V.  i.  To  become  acid. 
SCurge,  n.    A  spring ;  foun- 
tain ;  origin  ;  first  cause. 
Sour'ish,  a.  Somewhat  sour. 
Sour'ly,  adv.     With  acidity. 
Sour'ness,  n.    Acidity  ;  tart- 
ness ;  austerity. 
Souse,  n.  Pickle  made  of  the 
ears  and  feet  of  swine  ;  a 
plunge.  — V.  t.    To  steep  in 
souse  ;  to  plunge  ;  to  dip. 
South,  n.  Point  opposite  the 
north.— a.     Lying   in  a 
southern  direction.  —  adv. 
Toward  the  south. — v.  t. 
To  move  toward  the  south  ; 
to  cross  a  north  and  south 
line. 

South-east',  n.  A  point  be- 
tween south  and  east. 

South'er-ly  (stith/er-),  a.  Be- 
ing at,  or  coming  from,  the 
south. 

South'ern  (stith/ern),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  south. 
South'ing,  n.  Course  or  dis- 
tance south  ;  time  when  the 
moon  passes  the  meridian. 
South'ron  (sStb/-),  n.  A 
native  or  inhabitant  of  the 
south 


South'ward   {or  sKth/ard), 

adv.  Toward  the  south. 
South -west',  n.    A  point  be- 
tween south  and  west.  —  a. 
Being  at  the  south-west. 
Souvenir  (soov/neer'),  n.  A 
remembrancer;  a  keepsake. 
Sov'er-eign     (sov^er-iu  or 
suv/er-in),  a.    Supreme  in 
power;  chief.  —  n.     A  su- 
preme ruler ;  monarch. 
Sov'er-eign-ty  (sov/cr-in-  or 
sQv'er-iu-),  11.    Exercise  of 
supreme  power. 
Sow  (sou),  n.  A  female  swine. 
Sow  (so),  V.  t.  [imp.  SOWED  : 

p.  p.  SOWED,  SOWN.]  To 
scatter  as  seed  for  growth; 
to  plant ;  to  spread. 
S6wn,p  p.  of  Soiv.  [fish. 
Soy,  n.    A  kind  of  sauce  for 
Spa,  n.     A  spring  of  mineral 
water.  [distance. 
Spage,  n.   Room  ;  extension  ; 
Spa'cioiis,  a.    Large  in  ex- 
tent ;  ample ;  capacious. 
Spade,  n.  An  instrument  for 
digging  ]{pl.)  a  suit  of  cards. 
Span,  n.    A  hand's  breadth, 
with  the  fingers  extended  or 
encompassing  the  object ;  9 
inches. — v.    (7 )  To  measure 
with  the  fingers  extended. 
Span'gle,  n.    A  small  plate 
orl)oss  of  metal.  — v.  t.  To 
set  with  spangles. 
Span'iard,  n.    A  native  of 
Spain. 

Span'iel  (span/yel),  n.  A 

variety  of  sporting  dog. 
Span'ish,  a.    Pertaining  to 
Spain.  —  n.    The  language 
of  Spain. 
Spank,  V.  t.    To  strike  with 

the  open  hand  ;  to  slap. 
Spank'er,  n.   A  small  coin  ; 

after-sail  of  a  ship  or  bark. 
Spar,  n.    A  mineral;  a  long 
round  beam,  as  a  yard  or 
boom. — v.i.    To  fight,  as 
a  pugilist.  [of  a  vessel. 

Spar'-deck,  n.  Upper  deck 
Spare,  a.  Scanty  ;  parsi- 
monious ;  lean  ;  thin.  — v.  t. 
To  use  frugally  ;  to  do  with- 
out ;  to  forbear  to  punish. 
Spare'-rib,  n.  Ribs  of  pork 
with  little  flesh  on  them. 


Sp^r'ing,  a.  Scarce  ;  scanty  •, 

saving  ;  chary. 
Spark,  71.    A  particle  of  fire; 
a  gay  man  ;  a  lover  ;  a  gal- 
lant. 

Spark 'le,  n.    A  small  spark, 
or  particle  of  fire.  —  v.  i.  To 
emit  sparks. 
Sp^r'row,  n.    One  of  ceveral 

species  of  small  birds. 
Spar'ry,  a.  Re?embling  spar. 
Sparse,  a.    Thinly  scattered 

or  dispersed. 
Sparse'ly,  adv.  Thinly. 
Spar'tan,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Sparta  ;  brave  ;  hardy. 
Spasm,  n.    Involuntary  con- 
traction of  muscles ;  cramp. 
Spas-m6d'i-c,  a.  Consisting 

in1«pasm  ;  convul?ive. 
Spat'ter,  v.  t.    To  sprinkle 
with  a  liquid,  or  with  mud. 
Sp5-t'u-la,  w.  An  apotliecary's 

broad  knife  for  plasters. 
Sp5,v'in,  n.    A  tumor  on  or 
near  one  of  the  joints  of  a 
horse's  leg. 
Spawn,  n.  Eggs  of  frogs  and 
fishes,  —  V.  i.  or  t.     To  de- 
posit, as  spawn. 
Spay,  V.  t.    To  cut  out  the 
ovaries  of,  as  of  a  female 
beast. 

Speak,  V.  [imp.  spoke  [ohs. 

SPAKE)  ;      p.    p  SPOKE, 

SPOKEX.]  To  utter  words  ; 
to  talk  ;  to  discourse, 
Speak'er,  n .  One  who  speaks ; 
the  presiding  officer  in  a  de- 
liberative assembly. 
Spear,  n.    A  long,  pointed 
weapon  of  war.  —  v.  t.  To 
pierce  with  a  spear. 
Spear'man    (21),  n.  One 

armed  with  a  spear. 
Spear'mint,  71.    A  plant. 
Spe'cial  (spesh^al),  a.  Pecu- 
liar ;  appropriate ;  specific ;  ■ 
particular. 
Spe'cial-ly  (spesh-'al-),  adv. 

Particularly  ;  specifically. 
Sp6'cial-ty  (spesh^al-),  n.  A 
special  contract,  or  the  evi- 
dence of  a  debt  under  seal ; 
a  special  object  of  attention. 
Spe'cie  (spe^shy),  Coined 

or  hard  money. 
Spe'cies    (sp5/shSz  ;  colloq. 


south.  I     with  little  flesh  on  them.       Spe'cies    (sp5/shSz  ;    colloq.  >T| 

eon,  or,  do,  wglf,  toD,  tdbk;  <lm,  rjje,  pull ;  9,  ^1  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;     ;  exist ;  q  as  ng :  this. 


SPECIFIC 


250 


SPIRIT 


sp j^shiz),  n.  Sort ;  kind ;  a 
class  subordinate  to  a  genus. 

Spe-gif'i-e,  a.  Distinguishing 
one  from  another  ;  compre- 
hended under  a  kind;  pe- 
culiar. —  71.  An  infallible 
remedy. 

Spe-Qif'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  Def- 
initely; particularly. 

SpsQ'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
specifying ;  particular  men- 
tion ;  thing  specified  ;  a  \vrit- 
ten  and  detailed  statement. 

Speg'i-fy,  tJ.  t.  To  mention, 
as  a  particular  thing. 

Speg'i-men,  n.  A  sample; 
a  pattern  ;  a  model. 

Spe'cioiis,  a.  Apparently 
right ;  appearing  well  at 
first  sight.  [appearance. 

Sps'cious-ly,  adv.  With  Mr 

Speck,  n.  A  stain  ;  a  small 
discolored  place.  —  v.  t.  To 
spot ;  to  stain. 

Splck'le,  n.  A  small  speck. 
—  v.t.  To  mark  with  small 
specks,  or  spots. 

Speck'led,  a.  Variegated 
with  small  spots. 

Sp3€'ta-ele,  n.  A  show  ; 
sight;  exhibition  ;  (/)^.) glass- 
es to  assist  the  sight. 

Spe€-ta€'u-lar,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  shows,     [a  beholder. 

SpS€-ta'tor,  n.  A  looker-on ; 

SpS-e'ter  )  (29),  n.  An  appari- 

Spee'tre  )     tion  ;  a  ghost. 

Spe^'tral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  specter  ;  ghostly. 

Sp3€'trum,  n.  Rays  of  light 
separated  by  a  prism  or  by 
other  means. 

Spe-e'u-lar,  a.  Like  a  mirror. 

Sp3-c'u-late,  V.  i.  To  medi- 
tate ;  to  buy  in  expectation 
of  a  rise  in  price. 

Spse'u-la'tion,  n.  Mental 
view;  act  of  speculating. 

Spe-c'u-la-tive,  a.  Given  to 
speculation  ;  theoretical. 

Sp5€'u-la'tor,  n.  One  who 
speculates. 

SpS-e'u-lum,  n.  A  glass  that 
rcllects  images  ;  a  mirror. 

Spad,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Speed. 

Speech,  n.  I'ovvcr  of  speak- 
ing ;  that  which  is  spoken  ; 
language ;  discourse. 

a,  5,  T,  o,  n,  y,  Ions  ;  li,  e,  i,  o,  il 


Speech 'less,  a.  Not  speaking 
or  not  able  to  speak ;  dumb  ; 
mute  ;  silent. 

Speed,  V.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPED.]  To  make  haste  ;  to 
hasten  ;  to  fare.  —  n.  Haste  ; 
dispatch  ;  celerity. 

Speed'i-ly,  adv.  Quickly ; 
hastily.  [swift. 

Speed'y,  a.    Quick  ;  hasty  ; 

Spell  (1),  n.  A  charm  ;  turn 
at  work ;  a  short  time.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  ]j.  p. 
SPELLED,  SPELT.]  To 
name  or  v/rite  in  order  the 
proper  letters  of  a  word ;  to 
take  a  turn  at  work. 

Spell'er,  n.  One  who  spells ; 
a  spelling-book. 

Spelt,  n.  A  species  of  grain. 

SpePter,?i.  Zinc.  [jacket. 

SpSn'Qer,  n.  A  short  over- 
Spend,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPENT.]  To  consume  ;  to 
waste  ;  to  exhaust ;  to  wear 
away  ;  to  expend. 

Spend'thrift,  w.    A  prodigal. 

Sperm,  n.  Animal  seed  ; 
spermaceti ;  spawn  of  fishes. 

Sper^ma-ge'ti,  n.  A  hard,  fat- 
ty matter  obtained  from  tlie 
head  of  whales. 

Spew,  V.  To  vomit ;  to  eject. 

Sphere,  n.  A  globe ;  orb  ; 
circuit ;  province.  — v.  t.  To 
place  in  a  sphere. 

Spher'i€,     \  a.  Having  the 

Spher'i-e-al,  I  form  of  a 
sphere ;  globular  ;  round. 

Sphe-ric'i-ty,  n.  Rotundity. 

Sph8r'i€3, 71.  sing.  Doctrine 
of  the  sphere  ;  spherical  ge- 
ometry and  trigonometry. 

Sphe'roid,  n.  A  body  nearly 
spherical.  [a  spheroid. 

Sphe-roid'al,  a.  Formed  like 

Spher'ule  (sfer/ool),  n.  A 
little  sphere. 

Sphmx  (18),  A  fobulous 
monster  having  the  winged 
body  of  a  lion  and  the  face 
and  breast  of  a  maiden. 

SpiQe,  n.  An  aromatic  vege- 
table substance.  —  v.  t.  To 
season  with  spice,  [points. 

Spi-e'u-lar,  a.   Having  sharp 

Spi'QY  (13),  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  like,  spice  ;  aromatic. 


Spi'der,  n.  An  animal,  resem- 
bling an  insect,  that  spins 
webs  for  catching  its  prey. 

Spig'ot,  71.  A  peg  to  stop  a 
hole  in  a  cask. 

Spike,  71.  An  ear  of  corn  or 
something  resembling  it ;  a 
large  nail.  —  v.  t.  To  fasten 
with  a  spike. 

Spike'nard  (spik^-),  n.  An 
aromatic  plant  and  an  oil 
from  it. 

Spik'y,  a.  Having  a  sharp 
point  or  points. 

Spile,  71.  A  small  peg  or  wood- 
en pin  to  stop  a  hole. 

Spill,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPILLED,  SPILT.]  To  shed 
or  suffer  to  be  shed.  — v.  i. 
To  be  lost  by  shedding. 

Spin,  V.  t.  or  i.  [i7np.  &  p.  p. 
SPUN.]  To  draw  out  and 
twist  into  threads  ;  to  pro- 
tract ;  to  twirl. 

Spm'ach  )  (spin/ej),   n.  A 

Spm'age  j     garden  plant. 

Spi'nal,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
spine,  or  backbone. 

Spm'dle,  71.  A  pin  to  form 
thread  on  in  spinning,  or 
something  like  this, — v.i. 
To  become  thin  or  tall. 

Spine,  71.  The  backbone  ;  a 
thorn  ;  a  sharp  process. 

Spi'nel,  or  Spi-nel',  «.  A 
mineral  of  great  hardness. 

Spm'et,  or  Spi-net',  n.  A 
musical  instrument  now  su- 
perseded by  the  piano-forte. 

Spi-n6s'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
spiny  or  thorny. 

Spi'nous,  I  a.  Full  of  spines  ; 

Spi'ny,    I  thorny. 

Spin'ster,  w.  A  woman  who 
spins ;  an  unmarried  woman. 

Spir'a-ele  (or  spFra-kl),  n.  A 
breathing-hole.  [screw. 

Spi'ral,  a.    Winding  like  a 

Spire,  n.  A  winding  like  a 
screw ;  a  twist ;  a  steeple  ;  a 
shoot. — V.  i.  To  shoot  up 
pyramidically ;  to  sprout. 

Spir'it,  71.  Breath  ;  life  ,•  im- 
material and  immortal  part 
of  man  ;  soul ;  a  ghost ;  ex- 
citement ;  vigor  ;  distilled 
liquor.  —  v.  t.  To  animate  ; 
to  excite ;  to  kidnap. 


,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  teinn  ;  pYqne,  iTrm  ; 


SPIRITED 


251 


SPRING 


Spir'it-ed,  a.  Full  of  spirit  or 
lile.  [it. 

Spir'it-less,  a.  Without  spir- 

Spir'it-u-al,  a.  Pertaining;  to 
tiie  spirit  ;  incorporeal  ; 
mental ;  holy  ;  ecclesiastical. 

Spir^it-u-al'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  spiritual ;  spiritual 
nature;  pure  devotion. 

Spir'it-u-al-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To 
make  spiritual. 

Spir'it-u-al-ly,  adv.  Divinel}'. 

Spir'it-u-ous,  a.  Consisting 
of  refined  spirit ;  ardent. 

Spirt,  V.  &  n.  See  Spurt. 

SpTr'y,  a.  Of  a  spiral  form, 
or  of  the  form  of  a  pyramid. 

Spis'si-tude,  n.  Thickness  of 
soft  substances. 

Spit,  n.  An  iron  prong  to 
roast  meat  on  ;  a  point  of 
land  running  into  the  sea  ; 
saliva;  spittle. — v.  t.  To 
put  on  a  spit;  to  pierce. — 
V.  t.  or  i.  [iWnp.  &  p.  p. 
SPIT.]  To  eject  spittle. 

Spite,  n.  Rancorous  ill-will. 
—  Syn.  Malice;  malignity; 
malevolence.  — v.  t.  To  be 
angry  at ;  to  thwart ',  to  in- 
jure maliciously,  [lignant. 

Spite'ful,  a.    jMalicious  ;  ma- 

Spit'tle,  n.  Moisture  of  th(; 
moutli ;  saliva.       [spit  in. 

Spit-toon',  n.     A  vessel  to 

Spl3,3h,  v.  t.  To  dash  with 
water  or  mud.  —  n.  Water 
or  mud  throvv^n  on  any 
thing.     [the  sole  flattened. 

Splay '-fobbed,  a.  Having 

Spleen,  n.  The  milt,  a  glan- 
dular organ  to  the  left  of 
the  stomach  ;  ill-humor. 

Spleen'y,a.  Angry  ;  peevish. 

Splen'dent,  a.  Shining  ; 
bright. 

SplSn'did,  a.  Bright ;  showy ; 

magnificent.  [show. 
Splen'did-ly,  adv.  With  great 
Splen'dor,  n.    Great  bright- 
ness ;  magnificence ;  pomp. 
SplSn'e-ti-e,  a.  Full  of  spleen, 
Splige,  V.  t.  To  unite,  as  two 
ends  of  a  rope.  —  n.  Union 
of  ropes  by  intervreaviug 
Splint,      )  n.    A  thin  piece 
Splint'er,  j    of  wood  used  to 
protect  a  broken  bone. 


Splint,  f.  t.  To  confine  with 
splints,  as  a  broken  limb. 

Splint'er,  v.  t.  To  split  into 
long,  thin  pieces ;  to  secure 
by  splints. 

Split,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPLIT.]  To  divide  length- 
wise ;  to  cleave  ;  to  rive. 

Splut'ter,n.    liustle ;  stir. 

Spoil  (8),  V.  t.  To  rob  ;  to 
strip  by  violence;  to  ruin. 

—  V.  I.  To  decay.  —  n.  Plun- 
der ;  booty ;  pillage. 

Spoke,  imp.  of  Speak. — n. 
lid,y  or  bar  of  a  wheel ; 
round  of  a  ladder.  [Speak. 

Spo'ken  (spo'kn),  p.  p.  of 

Spokes'man  (21),  n.  One  who  | 
speaks  for  others.  , 

Spo''li-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  \ 
plundering.        [a  spondee. 

Spon-da'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Spon'dee  (IS),  n.  A  poetic 
foot  of  two  long  S3'llables. 

Sponge  (spunj),  «.  A  porous 
marine  substance,  used  for 
various  purposes ;  dough 
raised  but  not  kneaded.  — 
V.  t.  To  wipe  out  with  a 
sponge.  —  V.  i.  To  live  by  i 
mean  arts,  or  by  hanging  on.  i 

Spongier  (spunj^er),  n.  ^  One  \ 
who  sponges  ;  a  parasite. 

Spong'i-ness,  n.  Quahty  of 
being  spongy. 

Spong'y,  a.  Porous;  soft. 

Spon'sal,a.  Relating  to  mar- 
riage, or  to  a  spouse. 

Sp5n'sion,  n.  Act  of  becom- 
ing surety  for  another. 

Spon'sor,  n.  A  surety ;  a 
godf  itlier  or  godmother. 

Spdn^ta-ne'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  acting  freely  without  re- 
straint ;  voluntary  action. 

Spon-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Tolun- 
tary  ;  willing  ;  not  com- 
pelled, [half  pike. 

Spon-tdbn',  n.     A  kind  of 

Spool,  n.  A  kind  of  hollow 
cylinder  to  wind  thread  on. 

—  V.  t.  To  wind  on  spools. 
Spoon,  n.     A  small  utensil 

used  in  eating  liquids. 
Spdbn'bill,  n.  A  wading  bird, 

with  a  spoon-shaped  bill. 
Spoonsful  (26),  n.    As  much 

as  a  spoon  can  hold. 


Spo-rad'i-c,  a.  Separate; 
single. 

Sport,  n.  Play  ;  mirth  ;  frol- 
ic ;  inock.  — v.  i.  To  play  ; 
to  make  merry. 

Sp5rt'ful,  a.  Merry  ;  frolic- 
some ;  mirthful. 

Sport'ive,  a.  Merry  ;  gay; 
playful ;  frolicsome. 

Sports'man  (21),  n.  One  fond 
of  field  sports. 

Spot,  n.  A  stain  ;  a  blemish  ; 
any  particular  place.  —  v.  t. 
To  mark  ;  to  stain  ;  to  tar- 
nish ;  to  disgrace. 

Spot'less,  a.  Free  from  spots ; 
pure  ;  blameless.  [spots. 

Spot'ted,  a.     Marked  with 

Spouse,  n.  A  husband  or  wife. 

Spou§'al,  a.  Matrimonial. — n. 
Marriage ;  nuptials. 

Spout,  n.  A  projecting  mouth 
of  a  vessel ;  a  pipe.  —  v.  t. 
or  i.  To  throw  or  issue  out 
of  a  narrow  orifice. 

Sprain ,  n .  Excessive  strain- 
ing of  the  muscles  or  liga- 
ments of  a  joint.  —  v.  t.  To 
overstrain,  as  a  joint. 

Sprang,  imp.  of  Spring. 

Sprat,  n.  A  small  fish  allied 
to  the  herring. 

Sprawl,  r.  To  lie  with  the 
limbs  stretched  out. 

Spray,  n.  A  twig ;  water 
driven  in  small  drops  by  the 
wind. 

Spread,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  & 

p.p.  SPREAD.]  To  extend  ; 

to  expand  ;  to  dilTuse.  — n. 

Extent ;  expansion. 
Spree,  n.    A  merry  frolic  ;  a 

drinking  frohc  ;  a  carousal. 
Sprig,        A  small  shoot  or 

branch;  twig.  —  v.  t.  To 

work  with  sprigs. 
Spright  ( sprit ) , « .  A  spirit ;  an 

apparition.  [brisk  ;  lively. 
Spright'ful (sprit'ful), a.  Gay; 
Spright'li-ness  (sprit/-),  n. 

Briskness  ;  liveliness  ;  gay- 

ety  ;  vivacity. 
Sprlght'ly     (sprTt^Iy),  n. 

Brisk  ;  lively  ;  active  ;  vig- 
"  orous ;  vivacious. 
Spring,  V.  i.  [imp.  spran(3-, 

SPRUNG-  ;  p.  p.  SPRUNG.] 

To  leap  ;  to  bound  ;  to  issue 


s6n,  or,  dp,  "wclf,  tcTo,  to"ok ;  Urn,  rije,  pi^ill ;  9,  g,  soft ;     g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  q  as  n:;* ;  tills. 


SPRINGE 


252 


STAGE-COACH 


with  force  ;  to  arise  ;  to 
start  ;  to  begin.  —  v.  t.  To 
fire,  as  a  mine  ;  to  crack,  as 
a  mast.  —  n.  A  leap ;  elastic 
force ;  season  of  the  year 
•when  plants  begin  to  grow  ; 
a  fountain  ;  a  source. 

Springe  (spriuj,  11),  n.  A 
snare.  — v.  t.   To  ensnare. 

Sprmg'-halt,  )  n.  A  lameness 

String'-halt,  )  in  which  a 
horse  suddenly  twitches  up 
his  legs. 

Sprmg'i-ness,  n.  Elasticity. 

Spring'- tide,  n.  A  higli  tide 
at  the  new  and  full  moon. 

Sprmg'y,  a.  Containing 
springs  ;  elastic  ;  spongy. 

Sprmk'le,  v.  To  scatter  or  fall 
in  small  drops  or  particles. 

Sprink'ling,  n.  Act  of  scat- 
terfng  in  small  particles. 

Sprit,  n.  A  pole  placed  diag- 
onally to  extend  a  sail. 

Sprite,  71.  A  spirit ;  a  ghost. 

Sprout,  V.  i.  To  shoot ;  to 
bud.  — n.  Shoot  of  a  plant. 

Spruge,  a.  Neat,  without 
elegance.  —  n.  A  cone-bear- 
ing evergreen  tree.  —  v.  To 
dress  with  affected  neatness. 

SpruQe'ly,  adv.  With  affected 
neatness.  [trimness. 

SpruQe'ness,  n.    Neatness  ; 

Sprting,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Spring. 

Spry  (13),  a.  Nimble;  brisk. 

Spume,  w.  Froth  ;  scum. 

Spum'ous,  )  a.  Consisting  of 

Spum'y,    /  froth  or  scum. 

Spun,  imp.  of  Spi7i. 

Spunk,  n.  Dry,  rotten  wood ; 
resolute  spirit. 

Spur,  n.  An  instrument  with 
sharp  points,  worn  on  the 
heel  as  a  goad  by  horsemen  ; 
incitement. —  v.  t.  To  prick; 
to  incite  ;  to  goad. 

Spiirge,  n.  A  plant,  having 
an  acrid,  milky  juice. 

Spu'ri-ous,  a.  Not  genuine ; 
false  ;  counterfeit. 

Spu'ri-ous-ly,  adv.  Falsely. 

Spiirn,  V.  t.  To  kick  ;  to  re- 
ject with  di?d;nn. 

Spurred,  a.  Wearing  or  hav- 
ing spurs.  [spurs. 

Spur'ri-er,  n.  One  who  makes 


Spftrt,  V.  t.    To  throw  out  in 

a  stream.  —  n.     A  small, 

quick  stream  ;  a  jet. 
Sput'ter  (8),  v.  i.    To  throw 

spittle  ;  to  talk  indistinctly. 
Spy,  71.    One  who  constantly 

watches    the    conduct  of 

others.  — v.  t.  To  discover  ; 

to  inspect  secretly,  [scope. 
Spy '-glass,  71.  A  small  tele- 
Squab,  a.        Unfeathered  ; 

short  and  stout.  —  n.  A 

young  pigeon  ;  a  person  of  a 

short,  fat  figure. 
Squab'ble,  v.  i.  To  wrangle  ; 

to  scuffle.  —  71.  A  wrangle. 
Squad  (skwod),  n.  A  company 

or  "small  party. 
Squad'ron,     Part  of  a  fleet ; 

a  body  of  cavalry  troops. 
Squal'id  (skwol^id),  a.  Dirty 

through    neglect  ;     foul  ; 

filthy. 

Squall,  71.     A  sudden  and 

violent  gust  of  wind  ;  a  loud 

scream.— r.  I.    To  scream 

violently,  as  a  child. 
Squall'y  (9),  a.     Subject  to 

squalls. 
Squa'lor,  n.  Filthiness. 
Squan'der  (skwon^der),  v.  t. 

To'spend  lavishly  ;  to  waste. 
Square,  a.  Having  four  equal 

sides  and  four  right  angles  ; 

true  ;  just  ;  fair. 

—  71.  A  figure  of 
four  equal  sides 
and  equal  angles ; 
an  open  space  in 
a  town  ;  an  area  Square, 
of  four  sides,  with  houses  on 
each  ;  a  carpenter's  instru- 
ment. —  V.  t.  To  make 
square  or  equal ;  to  multiply 
by  itself.  — v.  i.  To  accord 
exactly  ;  to  suit ;  to  agree. 

Squash'{skwosh),  n.  A  plant. 

—  V.  t.  To  beat  or  press  into 
pulp  ;  to  crush. 

Squat,  V.  i.  To  sit  on  the 
hains  and  heels.  —  ti.  Pos- 
ture of  sitting  on  the  hams. 

—  a.  Cowering  ;  short  and 
thick. 

Squat'ter,  7i.  One  who  settles 

on  new  land  without  title. 
Squav/,n.  An  Indian  woman. 
Squeak,  v.  i.    To  utter  a 


short,  sharp,  shrill  sound. — 
71.  A  short,  5-hrill  sound. 

Squeal,  v.  i.  To  cry  with  a 
shrill  sound.  —  n.  A  shrilly 
sharp,  prolonged  cry. 

Squeam'ish,  a.  Nice  ;  fas- 
tidious ;  dainty. 

Squeeze,  v.  t.cv  i.  To  press 
close  ;  to  crowd.  —  «.  Close 
compression  ;  pressure. 

Squib,  n.  A  kind  of  firew  ork ; 
a  petty  lampoon. 

Squill  (1),  n.  A  plant  with  a 
root  having  emetic  proper- 
ties ;  a  kind  of  shell-fish  ; 
an  insect.  [ly. 

Squint,  t'.  i.  To  look  obliqupr 

Squint'-eyed,a.  Having  eyes 
that  squint ;  oblique. 

Squire,  «.  Same  as  Esquire. 
—  V.  t.  To  wait  on  ;  to  at- 
tend as  a  squire  or  a  gallant. 

Squirm,  v.  i.  To  twist  and 
struggle. 

Squir'rel  (skwir'rel  or 
skwur'rel),  7i.  A  small  ac- 
tive animal  with  a  bushy 
tail. 

Squirt,  v.  t.  To  eject  from  a 
pipe  or  in  a  stream.  —  7i.  A 
pipe  for  ejecting  liquids. 

Stab,  'y.  t.  To  pierce  with  a 
pointed  weapon.  —  n.  A 
wound  with  a  pointed  weap- 
on, [steadiness. 

Sta-bil'i-ty,  n.     Firmness  ; 

Sta'ble,  a.  Fixed  ;  durable  ; 
steady. — n.  A  house  for 
beasts.  [eral. 

Sta'bling,  ti.  Stables  in  gen- 
Stack  (5),  71.  A  large  pile  of 
hay,  grain,  wood,  &c. — v. 
t.   To  pile  in  stacks. 

Stad'dle,  n.  A  support  for  a 
stack  of  hay,  &c.  ;  a  small 
tree  of  any  kind. 

Staff  (1,  20),  n.  A  stick  for 
support ;  the  five  lines  and 
spaces  on  which  music  is 
written  ;  a  stanza  ;  certain 
officers  attached  to  an  army. 

Stag,  n.  Male  of  the  red- 
deer  ;  a  hart. 

Stage,  71.  A  raised  floor  or 
platform  ;  the  theater  ;  a  de- 
gree of  advance. 

Stage'-coach,  ti.  A  public 
traveling  carriage. 


a,  e,T,  o,  u,y,  long;  a,e,  i,  6,  n,  J',  short;  cure,  cur,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere, v^'il,  term ;  pique,  firm  ; 


STAGE-PLAY 


253 


STATIONERY 


Stage'-play,  n.  A  theatrical 

entertainment;  a  drama. 
Stage'-play^er,  n.   An  actor 

of  plays  on  the  stage. 
Stag'ger,  v.  i.     To  reel  in 

walking ;  to  vacillate. 
St3.g'nan-Qy,  n.     State  of 

being  stagnant. 
Stag'nant,  a.   Not  flowing  ; 

motionless ;  still. 
St3.g'nate,  v.  i.    To  become 

stagnant :  to  cease  to  flow. 
Stag-na'tion,  n.    Absence  of 

motion ;  dullness. 
Staid,  imp.  &  j).  p.  of  Stay. 

—  a.  Steady;  grave;  sober. 
Stain',  V,  t.    To  discolor  ;  to  ; 

color  ;  to  tarnish  ;  to  dis- 
grace. —  n.  A  blot ;  spot  ; 
taint ;  disgrace. 

Stain'less,  a.  Free  from 
stains  ;  spotless.  [ing. 

Stair,  n.    A  step  for  ascend- 

Stair'-«ase,  n.  Framework 
of  a  flight  of  stairs. 

Stake,  n.  A  sharpened  stick  of 
wood  ;  martyrdom  ;  wager  ; 
pledge. — V.  t.  To  defend 
with  stakes  ;  to  wager  ;  to 
pledge. 

StaFa€-tit'i€,  a.  Relating  to, 

or  resembling,  a  stalactite. 
Sta-la€'tite,  n.  A  mineral  in 

form  of  an  icicle. 
Sta-lag'mite,  n  .  A  deposit  of 

calcareous  matter  on  the 

floor  of  a  cavern. 
Stale,  a.  Vapid  and  tasteless. 

—  n.  A  decoy  ;  a  long  han- 
dle ;  urine,  especially  that 
of  beasts. — v.  i.  To  dis- 
charge urine. 

Stalk  (stawk),  n.  Stem  of  a 
plant.  —  V.  i.  To  strut. 

Stall,  n.  A  stand  for  a  beast ; 
a  bench.  —  v.  t.  To  keep  in 
a  stall ;  to  invest. 

Stall'-fSd,  a.  Fattened  in  a 
stable,  or  on  dry  fodder. 

StalPion  (stal/yun),  n.  A 
horse  for  raising  stock. 

Stal'wart,  a.  Brave ;  bold  ; 
strong ;  powerful. 

Sta'men,  n.  {pi.  Sta'inen§, 
Stam'i-na,  25.)  Founda- 
tion ;  support  ;  male  organ 
of  a  flower. 

St3,m'mer,  v.  i.    To  pro- 


nounce with  hesitation  or 
imperfectly. 

Stamp,  V.  t.  To  strike  doAvn- 
ward  with  the  foot ;  to  im- 
press with  some  mark  ;  to 
coin  money. — n.  An  in- 
strument for  making  an  im- 
pression ;  mark  impressed  ; 
a  print ;  character  ;  make. 

Stam-pede',  n.  A  sudden 
fright  and  running  away  of 
cattle,  horses,  &c. 

Stanch,  v.  To  stop,  as  flowing 
blood.  —  a.  Firm  ;  sound  ; 
strong;  constant  and  zeal- 
ous, [prop  or  support. 

Stan'ghion  (strm'shun),  n.  A 

Stand,  V.  i.  ort.  [imp.  &  p.p. 
STOOD.]  To  be  on  the  feet ; 
to  stop  ;  to  remain  :  to  per- 
sist ;  to  be  steady  or  firm  ; 
to  endure.  —  n.  Stop  ;  halt ; 
station  ;  small  table. 

Stand'ard,  w.  An  ensign  ;  a 
banner;  test. — a.  Having 
a  fixed  or  permanent  value. 

Stand'ing,  n.  Continuance ; 
rank  ;  reputation. 

Stand'ish  (17),  n.  A  case  for 
holding  pens  and  ink. 

Stan'za  (18),  n.  Lines  com- 
bined together  in  poetry. 

Sta'ple,  n.  A  loop  of  iron  ; 
mart  for  goods  ;  the  pile  or 
thread  of  wool,  cotton,  &c.  ; 
principal  production.  —  a. 
Chief;  principal. 

Star,  n.  A  luminous  body  in 
the  heavens ;  the  mark  *, 
used  in  printing.  —  v.  t.  To 
set  or  adorn  with  stars. 

Star 'board,  n.  Right-hand 
side  of  a  ship  or  boat  to  one 
looking  forward. 

Starch,  n.  A  granular  sub- 
stance used  for  stiffening 
cloth.  —  a.  Stiff ;  precise.  — 
V.  t.  To  stiffen  with  starch. 

Starch'y,  a.  Stiff;  precise. 

Stare,  v.  i.  To  look  with  fixed 
eyes  wide  open. — n.  An 
eager,  fixed  look. 

Star'-fish,  n.  A  marine  ani- 
mal in  the  form  of  a  five- 
rayed  star. 

Stark,  a.  Stiff ;  strong ;  mere ; 
downright.  —  adv.  \Yholly  ; 
entirely. 


Star'less,  a.  Having  no  stars 
visible. 

Star'iight  (-lit),  n.  Light 
from  the  stars,   [pean  bird. 

Star'iing,  n.    A  small  Euro- 

Star'ry,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
adorned  with,  stars  ;  stellar. 

Start,  V.  To  move  suddenly; 
to  commence  ;  to  alarm  ;  to 
arouse. — n.  Sudden  mo- 
tion ;  act  of  commencing. 

Start'le,  v.  t.  To  alarm  sud- 
denly.—  V.  i.  To  shrink; 
to  move  suddenly,  [prising. 

Start'ling,  a.    Suddenly  sur- 

Starve,^'.  To  kill  or  to  perish 
with  hunger  or  with  cold. 

Starve'ling,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  is  lean.  —  a. 
Pining  with  want. 

State,  »i.  Condition;  pomp; 
a  community  of  a  particular 
character  ;  a  body  politic  ; 
civil  power.  —  v.  t.  To  ex- 
press in  words. 

Sta'ted,  a.  Settled  ;  regular  ; 
established  ;  fixed. 

Sta'ted-ly,  a*^/i\  At  appointed 
or  regular  times. 

State'li-ness,  n.  Grandeur. 

State 'ly,  a.  August;  majesv, 
tic  ;  dignified  ;  grand. 

State'ment,  n.  Account  of 
particulars ;  a  recital. 

State'-robm,  n.  An  apart- 
ment for  lodging  in  a  vessel. 

States'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
is  skilled  in  the  art  of  gov- 
ernment. 

States'man-ship,n.  Qualifi- 
cations or  employments  of  a 
statesman. 

Stat'i-e,      )  a.  Pertaining  to 

Stat'i-e-al,  )    bodies  at  rest. 

Stat'i€S,  n.  sing.  Science 
which  treats  of  bodies  at 
rest,  or  in  equilibrium.  * 

Sta'tion,  n.    A  fixed  place; 
situation;  position  ;  post  as-  ^ 
signed ;  office ;  rank  ;  a  rail- 
road stopping-place.  —  v.  t.  , 
To  fix  in  a  certain  place ;  to 
place :  to  set. 

Sta'tion-a-ry,  a.  Fixed  in  a 
place;  stable;  settled.  i 

Sta'tion-er,  n.  One  who  sells  ] 
paper,  pens,  ink,  &c. 

Sta'tion-er-y,  n.  Articles 


son,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  too,  tdbk ;  fim,  rije,  pull ;      ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


STATISTIC 


254 


STICKINESS 


sold  by  a  stationer,  as  pa- 
per, pens,  ink,  &c. 

Sta-tist'i-e,      i  a.  Pertaining 

Sta-tist'i-c-al,  1  to  statistics. 

StSi-tisVi-es,  n  .  sing.  Si  pi.  A 
collection  of  facts,  or  the 
science  of  collecting  facts, 
respecting  the  civil  condi- 
tion of  a  people. 

Stat'u-a-ry,w.  Art  of  carving 
statues  ;  a  sculptor. 

Stat'ue,  n.  An  image  carved 
from  some  solid  substance. 

Stat'ure,  n.  The  natural 
height  of  an  animal. 

Stat'u-ta-ble,  a.  Made  by,  or 
conformable  to,  statute. 

Stat'ute,  n.  A  law  enacted  by 
a  legislature.      [by  statute. 

Stat'u-to-ry,  a.  Established 

Staunch,  a.  At?.  See  Stanch. 

Stave,  n.  A  thin,  narrow 
piece  of  wood  for  casks.  — 
V.  t.  [bnp.  &  p.  p.  STOVE, 
or  STAVED.]  To  break  or 
burst ;  to  push  or  drive ;  to 
delay  forcibly. 

Stay,  V.  i.  [imp.  staid  or 
STAYED,  14.]  To  continue 
in  a  place  ;  to  wait ;  to  tai'- 
ry. — V.  t.  To  support;  to 
prop  up.  — n.  Continuance ; 
a  prop;  any  support ;  [jd.) 
a  bodice  ;  a  corse t._ 

Stead,  w.  Place  ;  room  ;  turn. 

Stead'fast,  a.  Firm  ;  con- 
stant ;  resolute. 

Stead'fast-ness,n.  Firmness 
of  mind  or  conduct. 

Stead'i-ly,  adv.  With  firm- 
ness or  constancy. 

Stead'i-ness,  n.  Constancy. 

Stead'y,a.  Firm;  constant; 
uniform.  —  v.  t.  To  hold  or 
keep  firm  ;  to  support. 

Steak,  n.  A  slice  of  meat, 
broiled  or  cut  for  broiling. 

Steal,  V.  [imp.  stole  ;  p.  p. 

STOLE,  STOLEN.]  To  take 
goods  privately  and  unlaw- 
fully ;  to  pilfer  ;  to  purloin. 

Stealth,  n.  Act  of  steahng; 
secret  act.         [secret ;  sly. 

Stealth'y ,  a.  Done  by  steal  th  ; 

Steam,  n.  The  vapor  of  boil- 
ing water ;  any  exhalation. 
—  V.  i.  To  rise  in  vapor.  — 
V.  t.   To  expose  to  steam. 


Steam'boat, )  n.  A  vessel  pro- 

Steam'er,  j  polled  through 
the  \vater  by  steam. 

Steam'-Sn^gme,  n.  An  en- 
gine worked  by  steam. 

Ste'a-tite,  n.  Soapstone. 

Steed,  n.  A  spirited  horse. 

Steel,  n.  Ixon  combined  with 
a  small  portion  of  carbon. — 
V.  t.  To  overlay,  point,  or 
fedge  with  steel ;  to  harden. 

SteePyard,  n.  A  kind  of 
baJance  for  weighing. 

Steep,  a.  Greatly  inclined ; 
precipitous.  —  n.  A  pre- 
cipitous place.  —  V.  t.  To 
soak  in  a  liquid. 

Stee'ple.  n.  Spire  of  a  church. 

Steep'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
steep;  precipitous  dechvity. 

Steer,  n.  A  young  ox.  —  v.  t. 
or  i.   To  direct ;  to  guide. 

Steer'age,  n.  Act  of  steer- 
ing ;  an  apartment  in  the 
forepart  of  a  ship  between 
decks.  [steers  a  ship. 

Steers'man  (21),  n.  One  who 

Stel'lar,  a.  llelating  to  stars. 

StePlate,  a.  Like  a  star  ;  ra- 
diated. 

Stem,  n.  Main  body  of  a  tree 
or  plant ;  stock  of  a  family  ; 
prow  of  a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To 
oppose,  as  a  current. 

Stench,  n.    Oifensive  smell. 

Sten'gil,  n.  An  open-work 
pattern  over  which  colors 
are  passed  by  a  brush. 

Stcn/o-graph'i€,a.  Express- 
ing in  short-hand. 

Ste-nog'ra-pher,  n.  One  who 
writes  in  short-hand. 

Ste-n6s'ra-phy,  n.  The  art 
of  writing  in  short-hand. 

Sten-to'ri-an,  a.  Very  loud. 

Step,  V.  i.  To  move  with  the 
feet.  — V.  t.  To  set;  to  fix; 
to  erect  a  mast.  —  n.  A 
pace  ;  gait ;  degree. 

Step'-chlld,  n.  A  child  by 
marriage  only.  [marriage. 

Step'-f aether,  n.  A  fither  by 

Steppe  (18),  n.  A  vast  uncul- 
tivated plain  in  Asia  and 
eastern  Europe. 

Step'ping-stone,  n.  A  stone 
to  raise  the  foot  above  mud 
or  water,  in  walking. 


Step'-s6n,  n.  A  son  by  mar- 
riage. 

Ste're-o-s-e6pe,n.  An  optical 
instrument  to  give  to  pict- 
ures the  appearance  of  solid 
forms,  as  seen  in  nature. 

Ste're-o-s-e6p'i€,a.  Pertain- 
ing or  adapted  to  the  stereo- 
scope,  or  seen  through  it. 

Ste're-o-type,  n.  A  plate  of 
type-metal  resembUng  tho 
surface  of  a  page  of  type.— 
V.  t.  To  make  stereotype 
plates  for. 

Ste're-o-typ''er,  n.  One  who 
makes  stereotypes.  [fui. 

Ster'ile,  a.  Barren  ;  unfruit- 

Ste-riPi-ty,  n.  Quality  or 
state  of  being  barren ;  un- 
fruitfulness. 

Ster'ling,  Of  the  standard 
weight  ;  genuine. 

Stern,  n.  Hinder  part  of  a 
ship. — a.  Severe  in  look  ; 
harsh  ;  rigid  ;  austere. 

Stern'-chase,  n.  A  gun  to 
fire  from  the  stern. 

Stern'ly,  adv.  Harshly  ;  se- 
verely ;  austerely. 

Stern'ness,  n.  Harshness. 

Ster'nu-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sneezing. 

Ster-nu'ta-to-ry.  n.  A  sub- 
stance which  provokes 
sneezing. 

Ster'to-roiis,  a.  Breathing 
heavily  or  hoarsely  ;  snoring. 

Steth'o-s-eope,  n.  An  in- 
strument to  distinguish 
sounds  in  the  human  chest. 

Ste've-dore,  n.  One  whose 
business  is  to  load  or  unload 
vessels  in  port. 

Stew  (stu),  V.  t.  or  ?.  To 
seethe ;  to  boil  slowly.  —  n. 
Meat  stewed ;  a  brothel  ;  a 
state  of  worry  ;  contusion. 

Stew'ard,  n.  A  man  who 
manages  the  'affairs  of  an- 
other, [a  steward. 

Stew'ard-ship,  n.    Office  of 

Stick  (5),  n.  A  piece  of  wood; 
a  stalf.  —  f.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
STUCK.]  To  stab  ;  to  pierce  ; 
to  fix ;  to  set ;  to  stop.  —  v.  i. 
To  adhere;  to  stop. 
Stick'i-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
adhering;  adhesiveness. 


a,  c,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  e,  i,  6,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  vgil,  term  ;  pVque, 


STICKLE 


255 


STOOP 


Stick'le,  V.  i.   To  contend. 

Stick'ler,  n.  One  who  stickles; 
an  obstinate  contender. 

Sttck'y,  a.  Adhesive;  glu- 
tinous; tenacious. 

Stiff,  a.  Unbending ;  rigid  ; 
inflexible ;  stubborn. 

Stiffen  (stif/n),!'.  t.  To  make 
stiff.  — V.  7.  To  grow  stiff. 

Stiffly, a^/f.  Rigidly  ;  stub- 
bornly ;  obstinately. 

Stiffness  (9),  w.  Want  of  pli- 
ability ;  formality. 

Stiff -ngcked  (-nekt),  a. 
Stubborn ;  obstinate. 

Stffle  (sti/fl),  V.  t.  To  suf- 
focate ;  to  choke ;  to  sup- 
press. —  n.  Joint  of  a  horse. 

Stig'ma,  n.  (  Stig'ma§  or 
Stig'ma-ta,  25.)  Any  mark, 
of  infamy  ;  a  brand  ;  in  bot- 
any, the  top  of  the  pistil. 

Stig'ma-tize,  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  infamy. 

StMet'to,  n.{pl.  Sti-leta6§, 
18.)  A  small  dagger. 

Still,  V.  t.  To  silence;  to 
calm  ;  to  quiet.  —  a.  Silent ; 
calm;  quiet;  motionless. — 
adv.  To  this  time  ;  never- 
theless ;  notwithstanding, — 
n.  A  vessel  for  distillation. 

Still'-born,  a.  Born  lifeless. 

Still'ness,  n.  Calmness  ; 
quiet ;  silence. 

Stil'ly,  rt^/i-.  Calmly  ;  quietly. 

Stilt,  n.  A  contrivance  to  raise 
the  foot  above  the  ground 
in  walking. 

Stim'u-lant,  a.  Tending  to 
excite  action.  —  n.  A  stim- 
ulating medicine. 

Stim'u-late,  v.  t.  To  excite  ; 
to  rouse ;  to  animate. 

Stim/u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
stimulating  or  exciting. 

Stim'u-la^tive,  a.  Tending 
to  excite  ;  stimulating. 

Stim'u-lus,  71.  Something 
that  rouses  either  to  mental 
action  or  to  vital  energy. 

Sting,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
STUNG.]  To  pierce  or  pain 
acutely.  —  n.  A  sharp- 
pointed  weapon  with  which 
some  animals  are  armed  ; 
act  of  stinging  ;  any  thing 
that  gives  acute  pain. 


Stm'gi-ly,  adv.  With  mean 
covetousness. 

Stin'gi-ness,  n.  Mean  covet- 
ousness ;  extreme  avarice. 

Stin'gy,a.  Meanly  covetous. 

StiQk,  n.  An  oiTensive  smell. 
—  V.  i.  To  emit  an  otfensive 
smell. 

Stint,  n.    A  limit ;  restraint ; 

task. — V.  t.    To  limit;  to 

confine ;  to  restrain. 
Sti'pend,  n.     Settled  pay ; 

wages;  salary. 
Sti-pend'i-a-ry,  a.  Receiving 

a  stipend.  —  n.     One  who 

receives  a  stipend. 
Stip'ple,  V.  t.  To  engrave  by 

means  of  dots. 
Stip'u-late,  v.  i.  To  covenant ; 

to  bargain  ;  to  contract. 
Stip^u-la'tion,  n.    An  agree- 
ment ;  condition ;  covenant. 
Stir,  V.    To  move ;  to  incite  ; 

to  agitate  ;  to  prompt.  —  n. 

Agitation  ;  bustle. 
Stir'rup  (stur/rup  or  stTr^- 

rup),  n.    A  kind  of  ring  for 

a  horseman's  foot. 
Stitch,  V.  t.    To  take  stitches 

in  ;  to  join.  ~  n.    A  single 

pass  of  a  needle  ;  a  turn  of 

thread  in  sewing  or  knitting. 
Stive,  V.  t.    To  make  sultry 

and  close. 
Sti'ver,  n.    A  copper  coin 

worth  about  two  cents. 
Stoat,  n.    The  ermine; — so 

called  in  summer. 
Stock,  n.    Uody  of  a  plant  ; 

stem  ;  progenitor  of  a  fami- 
ly ;  race  ;  lineage  ;  a  handle  ; 

a  post  ;  a  cravat  ;  a  fund  ; 

a  store  ;  cattle.  —  v.  t.  To 

furnish  or  store. 
Stock-ade',  n.    A  line  of 

stakes  for  a  barrier.  —  v.  t. 

To  fortify  with  stakes. 
StSck'-brd^ker,  n.    One  who 

deals  in  stocks. 
St6ck'-fish,  n.    Cod  dried  in 

the  sun,  and  not  salted. 
St6ck'h51d-er,  n.    A  propri- 
etor of  public  funds,  or  of 

funds  in  a  bank,  &c. 
Stock'ing,  n.  A  covering  for 

the  foot  and  leg. 
StSck'-job^ber,  n  .    One  who 

speculates  in  stocks. 


Stocks. 


Stocks,  n.  pi. 
Public  funds; 
a  frame  to 
confine  the 
legs  of  crimi- 


St6ck'-still,a 
Motionless. 

St6ck'y,  a.  Thick  and  stout. 

St5'i-c  (5),  n.  One  who  affects 
insensibility  to  i)leasure  and 
pain  ;  an  apathetic  person. 

Sto'i-c,      I  a.  Unfeeling  :  in- 

Sto'i€-al,  j  different  to  pleas- 
ure or  pain. 

St6'i-gi§m,  n.  Indifference 
to  pleasui'e  and  pain. 

Stole,  n.  A  long,  loose  vest- 
ment. —  v..  1771  p.  of  ^t(al. 

Stolen  (stoln)./?.  p.  of  Steal. 

Stol'id,  a.  Hopelessly  dull ; 
stupid ;  foolish. 

Sto-lid'i-ty,  n.  Dullness  of 
intellect;  stupidity. 

Stom'a-eh  (stum/ak),n.  The 
principal  organ  of  digestion  ; 
appetite  :  inclination.  — v.  t. 
To  brook  or  endure. 

Stom'a-cher  (-cher),  n.  An 
ornament  or  support  for  the 
breast,  worn  b}  women. 

Sto-ma-eh'i-e,  a.  Strengthen, 
ing  the  stom.ach.  —  n.  A 
medicine  to  strengthen  the 
stomach. 

Stone,  n.  A  m.ass  of  mineral 
matter  ;  a  concretion  in  the 
kidnej  s  ;  a  v.eight  of  14 
pounds  ;  nut  of  certain 
kinds  of  fruit,  —v.t.  To 
pelt  or  kill  with  stones ;  to 
free  from  stones. 

Stone'-- euVter,  n.  One  who 
cuts  or  hews  stones. 

Stone'-fruit,  n.  Fruit  that 
contains  a  stone  ;  a  drupe. 

Stcne' -still,  a.  Motionless 
as  a  stone. 

Ston'i-ness  (13),  n.  Quality 
or  state  of  being  stony  ; 
abundance  of  stones. 

Ston'y,  a.  Made  of  stones ; 
full  of  stones ;  resembling 
stone  ;  hard. 

Stobd,  i7np.  of  Stand. 

Stool,  n.  A  seat  without  a 
back,  for  one  person. 

Stoop,  v.i.  To  bend  forward ; 


B6n,  6r,  dQ,  W9lf,  t(."o,  tdbk  ;  firn,  ri]e,  pnll ;  9,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  &±  ;  epst ;  2  as  ng  ;  this. 


STOP 

to  condescend ;  to  j- ield.  — 
n.    Act  of  stooping. 

St6p  (7),  r.  To  check  the 
motion  of;  to  hinder;  to 
close,  as  an  aperture :  to  ob- 
struct;  to  suppress. —  f.  i. 
To  cease  to  go  forward.  —  n. 
Cessation  of  motion;  pause; 
a  point  in  writing. 

Stop'-eock,  n.  A  contriv- 
ance for  letting  out  or  stop- 
ping a  fluid. 

Stop'page,  n.  Act  of  stop- 
ping ;  state  of  being  stopped. 

St6p'per,  )n.  That  which  is 

St6p'ple,  \  used  to  close  a 
hole  in  a  bottle  or  other 
vessel. 

Stor'age  (11),  n.     Price  of 

storing. 

Store,  n.  A  large  quantity; 
a  warehouse.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  ;  to  put  away  for 
preservation. 

Store'-house,  n.  A  ware- 
house ;  a  magazine. 

Sto'ried,  n.  Related  in  story  ; 
having  a  history. 

Stork,  n.  A  large  wading  bird. 

Storm,  n.  A  violent  disturb- 
ance of  the  atmosphere  ;  a 
tempest ;  commotion  ;  as- 
sault. —  v.t.  To  attack  by 
open  force ;  to  assault. 

Storm'y,  a.  Agitated  with 
furious  winds  ;  boisterous  ; 
■  tempestuous 

Stoup,  n.     A  basin  for  holy 

water  at  the  entrance  of  a 

Catholic  church. 
Sto'ry  (19),  n.    History;  a 

narrative  ;  a  tale  ;  floor  or 

stage  of  a  building. 
Stout,  a.       Strong  ;  brave  ; 

large;  fleshy.  [ily. 
Stout'ly,  adv.  Strongly  ;  lust- 
Stout'ness,  n.     Quality  of 

being  stout ;  boldness. 
St5ve,  n.    An  apparatus  for 

warming  a  room  or  house. 

—  v.,  imp.  of  Stave. 
St5w,  V.  t.  To  lay  up  ;  to  fill, 

by  packing  closely. 
Stow'age,  n.  Act  of  stowing  ; 

room. 

Stra-bis'mus ,  n.  Act  or  habit 

of  looking  asquint. 
Str^d'dle,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  walk 


256 

sit,  or  stand,  with  the  legs 
wide  apart. 
Strag'gle,  v.  i.    To  wander 
aside  ;  to  rove.  [gles. 
Strag'gler ,  n.  One  who  strag- 
Straight   (strat),   a.  Not 
crooked  ;  direct ;  upright.  — 
adv.  Directly. 
Straight'en  (strat^n),  v.  t.  To 

make  straight. 
Straiglit'for-ward  (strat^-), 
a.    Proceeding  in  a  straight 
course  ;  upright. 
Straight'ly  (strata-),  adv. 

a  direct  line. 
Straightaway  (strat^-),  adv. 

Immediately ;  without  delay. 
Strain,  v.  t.  To  stretch;  to 
sprain  ;  to  filter,  —u.  i.  To 
make  violent  efforts.  —  n.  A 
sprain  ;  force  ;  song. 
Strain'er,  n.    An  instrument 

for  filtering  any  liquid. 
Strait,  a.  Narrow ;  close ;  dif- 
ficult. —  n.  A  narrow  pass  ; 
distress  ;  difficulty. 
Strait'en,  v.  t.  To  make  nar- 
row; to  distress. 
Strait'-jack/et,  n.  An  appa- 
ratus to  confine  maniacs. 
StraitaaQed(-irist),a.  Bound 
tightly  with  stays ;  strict  in 
manners  or  morals. 
Strake,  n.    Range  of  planks 
from  stem  to  stern  of  a  vessel. 
Strand,  n.    Shore  or  beach  ; 
one  of  the  twists  or  parts  of 
which  a  rope  is  composed. — 
v.i.ort.  To  run  aground ;  to 
break  one  of  the  strands  of. 
Strange,    a.     Foreign;  un- 
known; wonderful;  odd. 
Strange'ly  (10),  adv.    In  a 

strange  manner. 
Strange'ness,  n.    State  of 
being  strange ;  singularity. 
Stran'ger,  n.    A  foreigner; 

one  unknown  ;  a  guest. 
Stran'gle,  v.   t.  or  i.  To 

choke ;  to  suffocate. 
StrS,n/gu-la'tion,  n.    Act  of 

strangUng  ;  suffocation. 
Stran'gu-ry,  n.    Painful  dif- 
ficulty in  discharging  urine. 
Strap,  n.     A  long  strip  of 
leather  ;  thong.  —  v.  t.  To 
beat  or  fasten  with  a  strap. 
Strap'ping,  a.  Large;  lusty. 


STRICKEN 

Stra'ta,  n.  pi.    Beds  ;  layers. 
Strat'a-gem,  n.    An  artifice, 
particularly  in  war ;  a  trick. 
Strat'e-gist,  n.    One  skilled 

in  military  movements. 
Strat'e-gy,  n.    That  branch 
of  military  science  which 
consists  in  conducting  great 
military  movements. 
StraVi-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Ar- 
rangement in  strata. 
Strat'i-fy,  v.t.  To  form  into 

strata  or  layers. 
Stratum,  n.   [pi.  Stra'ta, 

25.)    A  layer,  as  of  earth. 
Straw,  n.  A  stalk  or  stem  of 

grain ;  mass  of  stalks. 
Straw'ber-ry,  n.     A  plant 

and  its  fruit. 
Stray,  v.  i.    To  wander ;  to 
rove ;  to  ramble. — n.  A  beast 
that  wanders  at  large. 
Streak,  n.    A  line  of  color ;  a 

stripe.  —V.  t.    To  stripe. 
Streak'ed  (streekt  or  streek'- 

ed),  p.  p.  or  a.  Striped. 
Streak'y,  a.  Having  streaks. 
Stream,  n.  A  current  of  Avatcr 
or  other  fluid,  —i".  To  flow; 
to  issue  in  a  current. 
Stream'er,  n.  A  flag ;  ensign. 
Stream'let,   n.     A  small 

stream  ;  rivulet. 
Street,  n.    A  way  or  road  in 

a  city  or  town. 
Strength,  n.  Quality  of  being 
strong ;  power ;  force  ;  vigor. 
Strgn^h'en,  v.  t.  or  u  To 

make  or  grow  strong. 
Stren'u-ous,   a.  Eagerly 

pressing  or  urgent ;  active. 
Stren'u-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
eager  zeal.  [portance. 
Stress  (2),  M.    Pressure  ;  im- 
Stretch,  v.t.    To  extend  ;  to 
draw  out;   to  strain.  — n. 
Extension  ;  reach  ;  effort. 
Stretchier,   n.      One  that 
stretches  ;  a  piece  of  tim- 
ber ;  a  litter. 
Strew  (stru  or  stro),  v.  t.  To 
scatter ;  to  cover  by  scatter- 
ing. 

Stri'a-ted,   a.       Streaked  \ 

channeled. 
Strick'en  (strik/n),  r-  P-  & 

p.  a.       Struck  ;  smitten  ; 

advanced ;  worn  out. 


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STRICT 


257 


STYLE 


strict,  a.  Exact ;  severe  ; 
close ;  rigid  ;  rigorous. 

Stri€t'ly,  adv.  Rigorously. 

Strictness,  n.  Severity ; 
rigor  j_  closeness. 

Strict'ure,  n.  Censure  ;  a 
morbid  contraction  of  any 
passage  of  the  body. 

Stride,  n.  A  long  step.  —  v. 
i.    To  walk  with,  long  steps. 

Strife,  n.  Contention  ;  strug- 
gle ;  rivalsliip. 

Strike,  V.  t.   [imp.  struck  ; 

p.  p.  STRUCK,  STRICKEN.] 

To  give  a  blow  to  ;  to  hit ; 
to  beat ;  to  impress  ;  to  low- 
er ;  to  surrender.  — 1\  t.  To 
make  a  quick  blow  ;  to  quit 
work  so  as  to  compel  an  in- 
crease of  wages. 

Strik'ing,  a.  Impressive ; 
surprising ;  forcible. 

String,  n.  A  slender  cord ;  a 
series;  things  filed. — v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  STRUNG.]  To 
furnish  with  strings. 

Stringed,  a.  Having  strings. 

Strin'gent,  a.  Binding  close- 
ly ;  urgent ;  making  severe 
requirements. 

String'y,  a.  Fibrous  ;  fila- 
mentous ;  ropy ;  viscous. 

Strip,  V.  t.  To  make  naked ; 
to  deprive  of  a  covering ;  to 
peel. — n.  A  narrow  piece, 
comparatively  long. 

Stripe,  n.  A  line  of  a  dififer- 
ent  color  ;  a  lash.  —  v.  t.  To 
form  with  stripes. 

Stri'ped,  a.  Having  stripes 
of  different  colors.  [lad. 

Strip'Iing,  n.    A  youth  ;  a 

Strive,  V.  i.  [imp.  strove  ; 
p.  p.  striven.  To  make 
efforts  ;  to  struggle  in  oppo- 
sition ;  to  vie. 

Stroke,  n.  A  blow;  a  knock; 
a  dash ;  a  touch  ;  masterly 
effort.  —  V.  t.  To  rub  gently. 

Stroll,  V.  i.  To  wander  on 
foot ;  to  rove  ;  to  ramble. — 
n.    A  ramble  ;  excursion. 

Stronger  (9),  n.  One  who 
strolls  ;  a  rover  ;  a  vagrant. 

Strong,  a.  Having  great  pow- 
er. —  Syn.  Vigorous  ;  pow- 
erful ;  robust ;  cogent. 

Strong'ly,  adv.  Powerfully. 


StrSng'hold,  n.  A  fortress. 
Strop,  n.    An  instrument  for 

sharpening  razors  on. 
Stro'phe,  n.    The  former  of 

two  stanzas,  in  ancient  lyric 

poetry. 
Strove,  imp.  of  Strive. 
Strow  (stro),  v.   t.  [imp. 

STROWED ;/?.  p.  STROWED 

or  STROWN.J  See  Strew. 

Struck,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Strike.  [to  structure. 

Struct'ur-al,  a.  Pertaining 

Structure,  n.  Form ;  con- 
struction ;  frame  ;  an  edifice. 

Strug'gle,  V.  i.  To  strive ;  to 
labor  hard ;  to  endeavor.  — 
n.  Vigorous  effort  ;  great 
labor  ;  agony. 

Stru'mous,  a.  Having  swell- 
ings in  the  glands. 

Strum'pet,  n.    A  prostitute. 

Strung,  imp.  8c  p.  p.  of  String. 

Strut,  n.  An  affected  walk.  — 
V.  ?.  To  walk  with  an  affec- 
tation of  dignity. 

Strych'nine,  n.  A  very  pois- 
onous narcotic.  [tree. 

Stub,  n.    Stump  of  a  small 

Stiib'bed,  a.  Short  and  thick. 

Stub'ble,  n.  Stumps  of  rye, 
wheat,  oats,  &c. 

Stub'born,  a.  Inflexible  in 
opinion ;  unreasonably  ob- 
stinate ;  obdurate. 

Stiib'by,  a.  Short  and  thick. 

Stuc'CO,  n.  A  kind  of  fine 
plaster. — v.  t.  To  overlay 
with  stucco. 

Stuck,  i?>ip.  &  p.  p.  of  Stick. 

Stud,  n.  A  small  timber  for  a 
support;  a  set  of  breeding 
horses  and  marcs ;  a  stal- 
lion; a  kind  of  button ;  a  nail. 
—  V.  t.    To  set  with  studs. 

Stu'dent,  n.  One  who  studies. 

Stud'ied,  a.  Premeditated. 

Stu'di-o,n.  {pi.  Stii'di-os,  18.) 
Work-shop  of  a  sculptor. 

Stu'di-ous ,  a.  Given  to  study. 

Stu'di-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
close  application ;  carefully. 

Stud'y,  n.  Application  to  j 
books,  or  to  any  subject ;  i 
object  of  attentive  considera-  j 
tion  ;  a  room  for  study.  — v.  \ 
(13)  To  apply  the  mind  to 
books  or  learning.  | 


Stuff  (1),  n.  Material ;  cloth ; 
furniture ;  worthless  mat- 
ter ;  nonsense.  —  v.  t.  To  fill 
to  excess,  or  by  crowding ; 
To  crowd  ;  to  cram. 

Stuffing,  n.  That  which  is 
used  for  filling.        [fool  of. 

Stiil'ti-fy,  V.  t.    To  make  a 

Stum'ble,  v.  i.  To  trip  in 
walking.  — ».  A  trip  ;  a 
blunder. 

Stum'bling-bl6ck,  n.  That 
which  causes  one  to  stumble. 

Stiimp,  n.  Part  of  a  tree  left 
after  the  trunk  is  cut  down. 

Stiimp'y,  a.  Fall  of  stumps; 
short  and  thick. 

Stim,i;.i.  To  make  senseless ; 
to  overpower  the  hearing  of. 

Stung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sting. 

Stiink,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Stink. 

Stiint,  V.  t.  To  hinder  the 
growth  of. 

Stii'pe-fac'tion,  n.  Insensi- 
bility ;  torpor ;  stupidity. 

Stii'pe-fy,  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 
sensibility  ;  to  make  stupid. 

Stu-pen'doiis,  a.  Amazingly 
great;  wonderful. 

Stii'pid,  a.  Wanting  under- 
standing or  sensibility ;  very 
dull ;  sluggish. 

Stu-pid'i-ty,  n.  Extreme 
dullness  of  perception  or 
understanding. 

Stti'pid-ly,  adv.  With  ex- 
treme dullness. 

Stii'por,  n.  Suppression  of 
sense ;  numbness ;  intellect- 
ual or  moral  insensibility. 

Stur'di-ly,  adv.  In  a  sturdy 
manner  ;  stoutly ;  hardily. 

Stur'dy,  a.  Stout ;  hardy  ; 
strong;  robust.  [size, 

Stur'geon,  n.  A  fish  of  large 

StiiVter  (8),  v.  i.  To  hesitate 
in  speaking ;  to  stammer,  —  ^ 
n.    Act  of  stuttering. 

Stut'ter-er,  n.  A  stammerer. . 

Sty,  n.  A  pen  for  swine ;  in-  ' 
flamed  tumor  on  the  eyelid. 

Styg'i-an  (stij^i-an),  a.  Hell- 
ish ;  infernal ;  dark  ;  black. 

Sty'Iar,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
style  of  a  dial. 

Style,  n.  Manner  of  writing  ; 
title  ;  pin  of  a  dial ;  an  en- 
graver's tool  ;    part  of  a 


son,  or,  do,  wQlf,  tob,  tcJbk  \  Urn,  rge,  pj.ill ;  9,     soft :  «,  g,  hcurd}  a§  ;  e^st ;  q  as  ng  ; 
17 


this. 


STYLISH 


258 


pistil.— V.  t.    To  call;  to 
name  ;  to  denominate. 
Styl'ish  (11),  a.  Fashionable 
in  form  or  manner ;  showy. 
Styp'ti-C,  a.    Serving  to  stop 

hemorrhage  or  bleeding. 
Sua'sion  (swa^zhun),  n.  Act 
of  persuading ;  persuasion. 
Sua'sive,  \a.    Tending  to 
Sua'so-ry,  j  persuade. 
Suav'i-ty,    n.      Sweetness ; 

pleasantness ;  agreeableness. 
Sub-a(j'id,  a.  Moderately  acid. 
Sub-al'tern,    a.     Inferior  ; 
subordinate.— n.    An  infe- 
rior ofiBcer. 
Sub-a'que-oiis,  a.  Being  un- 
der the  surface  of  water. 
SWdi-vide',  v.  t.    To  divide 
again,  or  what  has  already 
been  divided. 
Sub/di-vi'§ion  (-vTzh/un),  n. 

A  part  of  a  division. 
Sub-du€t',  V.  t.    To  with- 
draw ;  to  subtract. 
Sub-due'  (15),  v,  t.   To  con- 
quer ;  to  overcome  ;  to  van- 
quish ;  to  overpower. 
Sub-ja'gent,  a.  Lying  under. 
Sub'jeet,  a.  Being  under  au- 
thority; liable;  exposed.— 
n.  One  who  lives  under  the 
power  of  another ;  a  matter 
in  discussion ;  theme ;  topic. 
Sub-3§ct',  'c.  t.    To  bring  or 

put  under;  to  subdue. 
Sub-jg€'tion,  w.  A  being  un- 
der control. 
Sub-je€t'ive,  a.   Relating  to 
the  subject;  pertaining  to 
one's  own  consciousness. 
Sub-join',  v.t.  To  add  at  the 

end ;  to  append. 
Sub'ju-gate,  v.  t.  To  reduce 

to  slavery  ;  to  subdue. 
Sub/ju-ga'tion,  n.    Act  of 

subduing;  subjection. 
Sub-jun<5'tion,  n.  The  act  of 

subjoining. 
Sub-iun€t'ive,  a.  Added; 
expressing    condition,  hy- 
pothesis, or  contingency. 
Sub-let',  1'.  t.   To  lease,  as  a 

lessee,  to  another  person. 
Sub'Ii-mate, )  v.  t.  Toevapo- 
Sub-lTme'.     )     rate,  as  a 
solid  rubstance,  by  heat ;  to 
heighten :  to  elevate. 


Subli-mate,  n.   Product  of 
sublimation,  [sublimatmg. 
SuVli-ma'tion,  n.    Act  of 
Sub-lime',  a.    Lofty  in  place 
or  style ;  elevated ;  grand  ; 
magnificent.  —  n.     A  lofty 
style ;  sublimity. 
Sub-llme'ly  (10),  adv.    In  a 

sublime  or  lofty  manner. 
Sub-lim'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 

sublime ;  loftiness  of  style. 
Sub-lm'gual  (-ling/gwal),  a. 

Situated  under  the  tongue. 
Sub'lu-na-ry,  a.    Earthly  ; 

terrestrial ;  mundane. 
Sub^ma-rine'    (-reenO,  «• 

Being  under  the  sea. 
Sub-merge', ) -y.  t.   To  put 
Sub-merse',  )    under  water. 
Sub-mer'sion,  n.    Act  of 

plunging  under  water. 
Sub-mis'sion  (-mish/un),  n. 
Act  of  yielding  to  power  or 
authority  ;  resignation. 
Sub-mis'sive,  «.  IncUned  or 

ready  to  submit. 
Sub-mis'sive-ly,  adv.  With 

submission;  humbly. 
Sub-mis'sive-ness,n.  Hum- 
bleness ;  obedience. 
Sub-mit'  (7),  V.    To  yield  to 
the  power,  Avill,  or  opmion 
of  another ;  to  surrender  ;  to 
acquiesce ;  to  comply. 
Sub-mul'ti-ple,  n.    A  num- 
ber contained  in  another  an 
exact  number  of  times. 
Sub-or'di-nate,  a.  Inferior 
in  order  or  rank;  subject. 
—  n.    An  inferior. 
Sub-or'di-nate,  v.    To  make 

subordinate  or  inferior. 
Sub-op/di-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
subordinating ;  subjection. 
Sub-orn',  v.  t.  To  procure  to 

take  a  false  oath. 
SuVor-na'tion,  n.    Act  or 

crime  of  suborning. 
Sub-poe'na,  n.  A  writ  com- 
manding the  attendance  of 
a  witness.  — V.  t.  To  sum 
mon  bv  subpoena. 
Sub-scribe',  v.  t.  To  write 
underneath  ;  to  sign ;  to  at- 
test. 

Sub-s€rTb'er,  n.   One  who 

subscribes. 
Sub-S€rip'tion,  n.  The  sign 


SUBSTITUTION 

ing  of  a  name  ;  amount  sub- 
scribed ;  attestation. 
Sub'se-quenge,  n.    State  of 

being  subsequent. 
Sub'se-quent,  a.  Following 

in  time  or  order  of  place. 
Sub'se-quent-ly,a(it'.  Later; 

afterward. 
Sub-serve',  v.t.  To  serve  in 
subordination ;  to  promote. 
Sub-serv'i-enQe,  \n.  Use 
Sub-serv'i-en-gy, )  or  opera- 
tion that  promotes  some 
purpose. 
Sub-sery'i-ent,  a.  Fitted  to 

subserve ;  subordinate. 
Sub-side',  v.  i.   To  sink  or 

fall  to  the  bottom. 
Sub-sid'enge,  n.  Act  of  sub- 
siding, or  sinking. 
Sub-sid'i-a-ry,  a.  Serving  to 

help  :  auxiliary. 
Sub'si-dize  (31),  t-.     To  pay 

a  subsidy  to. 
Sub'si-dy,  n.  Aid  in  money. 
Sub-sist',  V.  i.    To  have  ex- 
istence ;  to  be  supported. — 
V.  t.   To  maintain. 
Sub-sist'enQe,n.  Real  being; 
means  of  support;  provis- 
ions, or  means  of  procuring 
them.  [inhering. 
Sub-sist'ent,  a.  Existing; 
Sub'scil,  n.    Soil  under  the 

surface  soil. 
Sub'stange,  n.  Substratum ; 
essential  part ;  nature ;  body; 
matter;  estate  ;  property. 
Sub-stan'tial,  a.  Real ;  solid. 
Sub-stan'tial-ly,  adv.  Real- 

ly;  truly;  essentially. 
ub-stan'tial§,  n.  yl.  Essen- 
tial parts. 
Sub-stan'ti-ate  (-ststn/shi-), 

v.t.    To  prove  ;  to  verify. 
Sub'stan-tive,  n.  A  noun.  — 

a.    Expressing  existence. 
Sub'stan-tive-ly,  adv.  In 
substance  ;  essentially  ;  as  a 
substantive  or  noun. 
Sub'sti-tute,  n.    One  person 
or  thing  put  in  place  of  an- 
other. —  v.t.  To  put  in  the 
place  of  another.  —  Syn.  To 
exchange  ;  interchange. 
SiiVsti-til'tion,  n.    Act  of 
substituting;  thing  substi- 
tuted. 


SUBSTRATUM 


259 


SUIT 


Sub-stra'tum,  n.  {pi.  Sub- 
stra'ta).  A  stratum  under 
something;  substance. 

Sub-stru-c'tion,  n.  An  under- 
building ;  foundation. 

Sub-tend',  v.  t.  To  extend 
under  or  be  opposite  to. 

Sub-tense',  n.  The  chord 
which  subtends  an  arc. 

Sub'ter-fuge,  n.  An  evasion 

Sub^ter-ra'ne-an,  )  a.  Being 

Sub^ter-ra'ne-ous, )  under 
the  surface  of  the  earth. 

Siib'tne,  a.  Fine;  thin;  rare. 

Sub'til-ty,  n.  Quahty  of 
being  subtile ;  refinement. 

Sub^til-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  subtile;  refinement. 

Sub'til-ize,  V.  t.  To  make 
thin  or  fine ;  to  refine. 

Subt'le  (silt/1),  a.  Sly  ;  artful. 

Sub'tle-ty  (sQt'l-),  n.  Cun- 
ning ;  craftiness  ;  shrewd- 
ness, [fully. 

Sfibt'ly  (sut/ly),  adv.  Art- 

Sub-tra-et',  v.  t.  To  with- 
draw from  the  rest ;  to  de- 
duct. 

Sub-tra€'tion,  n.  The  taking 
of  a  lesser  sxim  from  a  great- 
er ;  deduction ;  withdrawal. 

Sub-tr^-et'ive,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  subtract. 

Sub^tra-hend',  n.  A  sum  to 
be  subtracted  from  another. 

Sub-urb'an,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  being  in,  the  suburbs. 

Sub'urbg,  n.  pi.  Region  on 
the  confines  of  a  city. 

Sub-ver'sion,  n.  Total  over- 
throw ;  ruin. 

Sub-ver'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
ruin. 

Sub-vert',  v.  t.  To  over- 
throw ;  to  destroy  ;  to  ruin. 

Su€-Qeed',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  fol- 
low in  order ;  to  come  after ; 
to  be  prosperous.  [sue. 

Su€-c§ss',  n.  ProsperouStjg- 

Su€-Qess'ful,  a.  Prosperous? 

Su€-Qess'ful-ly,  adv.  Pros- 
perously ;  favorably. 

Su-e-Qes'sion  (-seslVun),  n. 
Act  of  succeeding  ;  a  series 
of  persons  or  things  ;  order 
of  events ;  lineage. 

Su€-Qes'sive,  a.  Following 
in  order. 


Su€-gSs'sive-ly,  adv.  In  reg- 
ular order. 

Su€-Qes'sor,  w.  One  who  suc- 
ceeds another. 

Su€-Qin€t',  a.  Compressed  in- 
to a  narrow  compass.  — 
Syn.  Short ;  concise  ;  brief. 

Su€-Qin€t'ly,  adv.  Brietiy. 

Su-e'-eor  (8),  v.  t.  To  relieve 
in  distress  ;  to  aid.  — n.  As- 
sistance in  distress. 

Su€'-eo-tash,  n.  Boiled 
maize  and  beans  mixed  to- 
gether. 

Su€'-cu-lenQe,  n.  Juiciness. 
Su€'-eu-lent,  a.  Juicy. 
Su€-eumb'  (-kumb^,  6),  v.  i. 

To  yield  ;  to  submit ;  to  sink 

unresistingly. 
Such,  a.    Of  the  like  kind  ; 

like  ;  the  same  that  (with 

as). 

Suck,  V.  t.  To  draw  in  with 
the  mouth  ;  to  imbibe. 

Suck'er,  n.  One  who  sucks  ; 
a  shoot ;  a  fish. 

Suck'le  (.«*«k/l),  V.  t.  To 
nurr^e  at  the  breast. 

Suck'Iing,  n.  A  child  nursed 
at  the  breast. 

Su€'tion,  ?i.  Act  of  sucking. 

Su€-t6'ri-al,  a.  Adapted  for, 
or  living  by,  sucking. 

Sud'den,  a.  Coming  without 
previous  notice  ;  abrupt  ; 
hasty  ;  rapid.  [pectedly. 

Sud'den-ly,   adv.  Uncx- 

Su^dor-if i-e,  a.  Causing 
sweat ;  producing  perspira- 
tion. 

Sud§,  n.  sing.  Water  impreg- 
nated with  soap.  [law. 

Sue,  V.  t.    To  prosecute  in 

Su'et,  n.  Hard  fat  about  the 
kidneys  and  loins. 

Suffer,  V.  t.  To  bear  with 
pain  ;  to  undergo ;  to  per- 
mit. —  V.  i.  To  endure  pain. 

Suf'fer-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

Xbeing  suffered  or  endured. 

Suf(fer-anQe,  n.  Pain  en- 
dued ;  permission  ;  endur- 
anee\  [fers. 

Suf'fer-er,  n.    One  who  suf- 

Suf'fer-ing,  n.  Pain  endured. 

Suf-fice'  (suf-flzO,  V.  t.  To 
satisfy.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
enough.  j 


Suf-fi'cien-gy  (-ffsh/en-),  n. 
A  full  supply  ;  competence. 

Suf-fi'cient  (-fi'sh/ent),  a. 
Adequate  to  wants  :  enough. 

Suf-fi'cient-ly  (-fish/ent-), 
adv.  Enough. 

Suffix,  n.  A  letter  or  a  sylla- 
ble added  to  the  end  of  a 
word. 

Suf-fix',  v.t.  To  add  to  the 
end  of  a  word,  as  a  letter  or 
a  syllable. 

Suf fo-cate,  v.  t.  To  chok(r 
by  excluding  air;  to  stifle  ; 
to  smother. 

Suf/fo-ea'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
suffocating  or  smothering. 

Suf  fo-ea'tive,  n.  Tending  to 
suffocate  or  choke. 

Suffra-gan,  n.  A  bishop, 
considered  as  an  assistant. 

Suffrage,  n.  A  vote ;  a  voice. 

Suf-fuse',     t.  To  overspread. 

Suf-fu''"gion,  n.  Act  of  suffus- 
ing. 

Sug'ar  (shng^ar),  n.  A  sweet 
crystalline  substance  ob- 
tained from  the  sugar-cane, 
mnplo,  beet,  Sec  — v.  t.  To 
sweeten  with  sugar. 

S  u  g '  a  r-€  a  n  e 
(shng/ar-),  n. 
A  plant  whose 
juice  produces 
sugar. 

Su  g  'ar-16af 
(shug/ar-),  n.  A 
cone  or  mass  of 
refined  sugar.  Sugar-cane. 

Sug'ar-plum  (shi.ig'ar),  n. 
"A  kind  of  candy  in  the  form 
of  a  ball. 

Sug'ar-y  (shug'ar-),  a. 
Sweet  ;  saccharine. 

Sug-gest'  {or  sud-jestO,  v.  t. 
To  hint ;  to  intimate. 

Sug-ges'tion  (sug-jest/yunor 
sud-jest/yun),  «.  Hint  ;  in- 
timation ;  insinuation. 

Sug-ggst'ive  (sug-  or  sud-), 
a.  Containing  a  suggestion, 
or  hint.  [of  suicide. 

Su^i-Qi'dal,  a.    Of  the  nature 

Sii'i-gide,  n.  Self-murder; 
a  self-murderer ;  a  felo-de- 
se. 

Suit,  n.  A  ?et ;  retinue  ;  peti- 
tion ;  courtship  ;  legal  pro- 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wg>lf,  t^o,  tcTok;  to,  nje,  pyll;         soft;  -g,  g,  hard;  as  ;  epst;  u  as  ng;  this. 


SUITABLE 


260 


SUPERIOR 


cess  ;  prosecution,  —  f.  t.  or  1  authority  ;  to  convoke  ;  to 
i.  To  fit  or  "be  fitted,  [meet.      bid :  to  cite  ;  to  notify. 

Sum'mong,  n.  sing.  A  call  or 
command  to  appear  at  a 


Suit'a-ble,  a.     Fit ;  proper  ; 
Suit'a-ble-ness,  n.  Fitness. 
Suit'a-bly,  adv.  Fitly  ;  prop- 
erly ;  appropriately. 
Suite  (sweet),  n.  A  retinue  ; 

a  train ;  a  set ;  a  series. 
Suit 'or,  n.    One  who  sues;  a 
petitioner ;  a  wooer,  [rosely. 
Sulk'i-ly,  adv.  Sullenly;  mo- 
Sulk'i-ness  (13),  n.  Sullen- 

ness  ;  moroseness. 
Sulk'y,  a.  Sullen  ;  morose.  — 
n.  A  carriage  for  one  jjerson. 
Sul'len,  a.  Ill-natured ;  cross 

and  silent ;  morose. 
Sul'ly,^'.  t.  or  i.    To  soil ;  to 
spot ;  to  tarnish  ;  to  stain 


certain  place  and  time. 
Sump'ter,  n.  A  pack-horse. 
Sumpt'u-a-ry,  a.  Regulating 

expenses  of  living. 
Sumpt'u-ous,  a.  Character- 
ized by  expense  and  mag- 
nificence ;  costly. 
Sun,  n.    The  luminary  that 
enlightens  and  warms  the 
earth  and  other  planets  ; 
sunshine.  —  v.  i.  To  expose 
to  the  sun.  [snn. 
Sun'-beam,  n.  A  ray  of  the 
Sun'burnt,  a.       Burnt  or 
scorched  by  the  sun 


Sul'phate,n.  A  salt  composed  Sun'day,  n.   First  day  of  the 


of  sulphuric  acid  and  a  base 
Sul'phur,  n.  An  inflammable 
yellow  mineral ;  brimstone. 
Sul-phu're-ous,  )  a.  Having 
Sul'phur-ous,    j    the  quali- 
ties of  sulphur. 
Sul'phu-ret,  n.    A  combina- 
tion of  sulphur  with  another 
element. 
Sul-phii'rl-e,  a.  Pertaining  to, 

or  obtained  from,  sulphur. 
Sul'phur-y,  a.  Partaking  of, 

or  resembling,  sulphur. 
SuPtan,  n.  Turkish  emperor. 
Sul-ta'na,  or  Sul-ta'na,  I  n. 
Sul'ta-ness,  ) 

Wife  of  a  Sultan.  [sultry. 
SuPtri-ness,n.  State  of  being 
SuPtry,  a.  Hot ;  close  ;  stag- 
nant, and  oppressive,  as  air. 
Sum,  n.  The  whole  amount  ; 
a  quantity  ;  a  problem  in 
arithmetic. —  v.  t.    To  col- 
lect into  a  total ;  to  com- 
pute. 


Su'mae 
Su'mach  , 


(shfTo-'mSlk),  n.  A 
shrub  used  in 
medicine,  dyeing,  &c. 
Sum'ma-ry,  a.  Brief;  short ; 
concise.— n.    An  abridged 
account ;  an  abstract, 
f'^iiin'mer,  n.  ^V^armest  season 
of  the  year.  —     To  pass  or 
cause  to  pass  the  summer. 
Sum'mer-set,  n.  A  leap  heels 
over  head.  [top, 
Sum'mit,  n.    Highest  point ; 
Sum'mon,  v.  t.    To  call  by 


Aveek  ;  Christian  Sabbath 
Sun'der,  ^^  t.    To  separate  ; 

to  disunite  ;  to  sever. 
Sun'-dPal,  n.  An  instrument 
to  show  the  time  by  means 
of  the  shadow  of  a  style. 
Sun/dries,  n.  pi.  Many  differ- 
ent or  small  things. 
Sun'dry,  a.  More  than  one  or 
two. —  Syn.  Divers  ;  several. 
Sun'flow-er,  n.  A  plant  with 

large  yellow  tlowers. 
Sung,  imp.  k  p.p.  of  Sing. 
Sunk,  imp.  8c  p.  p.  of  Sink. 
Siink'en,p.  a.  from  Sink. 
Sun'less,  a.  Destitute  of  the 

sun  or  its  rays. 
Sun'Iight  (-Ht),  n.   Light  of 

the  sun. 
Sun'ny,  a.  Exposed  to,  or  re- 
sembling, the  sun ;  bright. 
Siin'rige,  n.  First  appearance 

of  the  sun  in  the  morning. 
Sun'set,  n.  Disappearance  of 
the  sun  at  night.  [sun. 
Siin'shine,  n.    Light  of  the 
Sun'shm-y,  a.  Bright  with 

the  sun's  rays. 
Sun'-str5ke,w.  Sudden  pros- 
tration occasioned  by  ex- 
posure to  heat  of  the  sun. 
Sup,  V-  i-  or  t.  To  eat  supper. 

—  n.  A  small  draught. 
Su^per-a-bound',  v.  i.  To  be 

very  abundant. 
Su''per-a-bund'anQe,n.  More 
I     than  is  sufficient ;  excessive 
I     abundance  ;  exuberance, 


Su'per-a-bund'ant,  a.  More 

than  is  sufficient. 
Su/per-add',  r.  t.    To  add 

over  and  above. 
Su'per-an'nu-atc,  v.  t.  To 
impair  or  disquaUfy  by  old 
age  and  infirmity. 
Su'per-an'nu-a'ted,  a.  Dis- 
qualified by  old  age. 
Su-perb',  a.  Grand  ;  magnifi- 
cent ;  elegant. 
Su-perb'ly,a(^v.  Grandly. 
Su^per-€ar'go,  n.    One  who 
has  the  care  of  a  cargo,  and 
manages  the  sale  of  it. 
Su^per-QiPi-ous,  a.  Haughty ; 

dictatorial ;  overbearing. 
Su/per-QiPi-ous-ly,  adv. 

ILaughtily  ;  dogmatically. 
Su^per-em'i-nenge,  n.  Emi~ 
nence  superior  to  what  is 
common. 
Su'per-em'i-nent,  a.  Emi- 
nent in  a  superior  degree. 
Su^per-er^o-ga'tion,  n.  A 
doing  more  than  duty  or  ne- 
cessity^ requires. 
Su/per-e-r6g'a-to-ry,  a.  Ex- 
ceeding the  calls  of  duty. 
Su^per-ex'gel-lent,  a.  Very 

excellent. 
Su^per-fPcial   (-fish/al),  a. 
Being  on  the  surface  ;  shal- 
low ;  not  deep. 
Su/per-fi'cial-ly  (-Hsh/al-), 

adv.    On  the  surface  only. 
Su'per-fi'cie§    (-fish/ez),  n. 
Surface  ;   exterior  part  or 
fiice  of  a  thing. 
Su'per-flne',  a.  Very  fine. 
Su^per-flu'i-ty,  n.  Something 

beyond  what  is  needed. 
Su-per'flu-ous,  a.  More  than 

is  wanted ;  useless. 
Sil'per-hu'man,  a.  Above  or 

beyond  what  is  human. 
Su^per-in-€um'bent,  a.  Ly- 
ing on  something  else.  • 
Su^per-in-duge',  v.  t.  To 
bring  in  or  upon  as  au  addi- 
tion to  something. 
Su'per-in-tend' ,  v.  t.  To 
oversee.         [of  overseeing. 
Su'per-in-tgnd'enge,  7?.  Act 
Su^per-in-tend'ent,  n.  A 

manager  ;  an  overseer. 
Su-pe'ri-or,  a.        Higher  ; 
greater  ;  more  exalted  ;  prof- 


5,    1 ,  0,  u,    /on^ ;  5,  6, 1,  6,  Q,  5^,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  gU,  wh^t ;  ere,  vfiil,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


SUPERIORITY 


2G1 


SURPASS 


erable,  —  n.  One  higher  or 
more  excellent ;  a  chief. 

Su-pe^ri-dr'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  superior  ;  pre-emi- 
nence ;  predominance. 

Su-per'la-tive,  a.  Expressing 
the  highest  degree ;  supreme. 

Su-per'nal,  a.  Relating  to 
things  above ;  celestial. 

Su/per-n^t'u-ral,  a.  Exceed- 
ing the  powers  or  laws  of 
nature. 

Su'per-nu'mer-a-ry,  a.  Ex- 
ceeding the  number  neces- 
sary. —  n.  A  person  or  thing 
beyond  what  is  necessary  or 
usual. 

Su^per-S€rTbe',  t'.  t.  To  write 
on  the  outside  of ;  to  address. 

Su^per-serip'tion,  n.  A  writ- 
ing on  the  outside. 

Su^per-sede',  v.  t.  To  take 
the  place  of.  — Syn.  To 
overrule  ;  succeed  ;  displace. 

Su''per-sti'tion(-stIsh''un),  n. 
Excessive  exactness  or  rigor 
in  religion  ;  belief  in  omens. 

Su'per-sti'tious  (-stTsh/us), 
a.  Addicted  to,  or  proceed- 
ing from,  superstition. 

Su/per-sti'tioiis-ly  (-stTsh'- 
us),  adv.  In  a  stiperstitious 
manner. 

Su'per-stru-et'ure,  n.  Any 
thing  built  on  a  foundation 
or  basis. 

Su''per-vene',  r.  To  come 
upon  as  something  extrane- 
ous ;  to  take  placed 

Supper- vi'sal,    In.  Inspec- 

Su'per-vig'ion,  j  tion ;  su- 
perintendence. 

Supper- vise'  (31),  v.  t.  To 
oversee,  for  direction  ;  to 
superintend ;  to  inspect. 

Su^per-vi'§or,  n.  An  over- 
seer. 

Su'pine,  n.  A  verbal  noun. 
Su-pine%  a.    Lying  on  the 

hack  ;  indolent ;  careless. 
Su-pine'ly,  adv.   Carelessly ; 

heedlessly  ;  indolently. 
Su-pme'ness,  n.    State  of 

being  supine. 
Sup'per,    n.     The  evening 

meal. 

Siip'per-less,  a.  Being  with- 
out supper. 


Sup-plS,nt',  u.  t.  To  remove  or  I 
displace  by  stratagem. 

Sup'ple,  a.  Pliant ;  flexible  ; 
yielding  ;  soft.  [tion. 

Sup'ple-ment,  n.    An  addi- 

Sup''ple-m6nt'al,     )  a.  Ad- 

Sup'ple-ment'a-ry,  |  ded  to 
supply  what  is  wanted. 

Sup'ple-ness,  n.  Pliancy ; 
flexibility;  fucihty. 

Sup'pli-ant,  a.  Entreating. 

Sup'pli-ant,    I  n.  A  humble 

Sup'pli-€ant,  j  petitioner. 

Sup'pli-cate,  v.  t.  To  en- 
treat for ;  to  beseech.  — v.  i. 
To  offer  supplication. 

Sup^pli-€a'tion,  n.  Humble 
petition ;  entreaty. 

Sup'pli-€a-to-ry,  a.  Contain- 
ing supplication. 

Sup-ply',  V.  t.  To  fill  up  ;  to 
furnish;  to  provide. — n. 
Sufficiency  for  wants;  {pL) 
things  supplied. 

Sup-port',  n.  A  prop  ;  main- 
tenance.—  V.  t.  To  prop; 
to  sustain  ;  to  maintain. 

Sup-port'a-ble,  o.  Capable  of 
being  supported. 

Sup-p6§'a-ble  (11),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  supposed. 

Sup-pose',  V.  t.  To  admit 
without  proof ;  to  assume  to 
be  true  ;  to  imply  ;  to  think. 

Sup''po-§i'tion  (-zish''un),  n. 
Something  supposed  ;  an 
hypothesis. 

Sup-p6s/i-ti'tious  (-tish^us), 
a.  Not  genuine ;  counter- 
feit ;  illegitimate. 

Sup-press',  v.  t.  To  overpow- 
er and  crush  ;  to  conceal. 

Sup-pr6s'sion  (-presh/un), 
n.    Act  of  suppressing. 

Sup'pu-rate,  v.  To  generate 
pus. 

Sup^pu-ra'tion,  n.  Act  or 
process  of  suppurating. 

Siip'pu-ra/tive,  a.  Promot- 
ing suppuration ;  tending  to 
suppurate.  [the  world. 

Su^pra-mun'dane,  a.  Above 

Su-prem'a-gy,  n.  Highest 
powder  or  authority. 

Su-preme',  a.  Highest :  great- 
est ;  most  powerful ;  chief. 
—  71.  The  highest  and  great- 
est Being ;  God. 


Su-preme'ly,  adv.  In  the 
highest  degree. 

Sur-charge',  v.  t.  To  over- 
charge ;  to  overload.  —  n. 
Excessive  charge  or  load. 

Sfir'gin-gle,  n.  A  girth  pass- 
ing over  a  saddle  or  blanket. 

Surd,  n.  A  quantity  whose 
root  can  not  be  exactly  ex- 
pressed in  numbers.  —  a. 
Incapable  of  being  expressed 
exactly  by  an  integral  num- 
ber or  by  a  vulgar  fraction  ; 
w  hispered,  without  tone. 

Sure  (shijr),  a.  Certainly 
knowing ;  not  liable  to  fail. 
—  Syn.  Certain  ;  stable  ; 
firm  ;  confident ;  secure. 

Sure'ly  (shijr^-),  adv.  Cer- 
tainly. 

Sure'ty  (shijr^-),  n.  Certain- 
ty ;  security  against  loss  ; 
a  bondsman  ;  a  bail. 

Sure'ty-ship  (13),  n.  State  of 
being  surety  for  another. 

Surf,  n.  Continual  swell  of  the 
sea  upon  the  Fhore.  [Ifcies. 

Sur'fage,  n.   Outside ;  super- 

Sfir'feit,  n.  Fullness  occa- 
sioned by  excess.  —  v.  t.  or 
I.  To  feed  to  excess. 

Stlrge,  n.  A  large  wave  or 
billow.  —  V.  7.  To  swell ;  to 
rise  high  and  roll,  as  waves. 

Sfir'geon  (-jun),  n.  One  who 
practices  surgery. 

Sur'ger-y.  n.  Art  of  healing 
external  injuries  of  the  body 
by  manual  operations. 

Sljr'gi-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
surgery. 

Sur'li-ness,  n.  Crabbedness. 

Sur'loin,rj.  A  loin  of  beef,  or 
the  upper  part  of  it.  [sour. 

Sur'ly,  a.    Morose ;  crabbed  ; 

Sur-mise'  (31),  v.  t.  To  imag- 
ine ;  to  conjecture.  —  n.  Sus- 
picion ;  conjecture. 

Sur-mount',  v.  t.  To  over- 
come ;  to  surpass  ;  to  exceed. 

Sur-mount'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  surmounted. 

Sur'name,  n.  A  name  added 
to  the  baptismal  name ;  a 
family  name,  [family  name. 

Sur-name',  v.  t.  To  call  by  a 

Sur-pass',  v.  t.  To  go  be* 
yond  ;  to  exceed ;  to  excel. 


•<5n,  or,  dQ,  WQlf,  tOR),  tdbk  ;  to,  rye,  pyll ;  p,     soft;  €,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  epst ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


SURPASSING 


262 


SWEEP 


Sur-pass'ing,  v-  P^-  or  a. 
Exceeding  others ;  excellent 
in  an  eminent  degree. 
Sur'plige,  n.    A  white  gar- 
ment worn  by  clergymen. 
Sur'plus,        |n.  Excess  be- 
Sur 'plus-age,  j    yond  what 

is  necessary  ;  overplus. 
Sur-pri§'al,  n.    Act  of  sur- 
prising ;  state  of  surprise. 
Sur-pri§e',  n.     A  moderate 
degree  of  wonder  suddenly 
excited,  —  i'.  t.  (31)  To  come 
or  fall  upon  unexpectedly ; 
to  excite  wonder  in. 
Sur-pri§'ing,    a.  Exciting 

surprise ;  wonderful. 
Sur-ren'der,t'.  t.  To  yield;  to 
deliver  up. — n.  Act  of  yield- 
ing or  giving  up  to  another. 
Sur^rep-ti'tious  (-tish/us),  a. 

Done  by  stealth  or  fraud. 
Sur^rep-ti'tious-ly  (-tish^- 
US-),  adv.  By  stealth  ;  fraud- 
ulently. 
Sur'ro-gate,  n.  A  deputy;  a 
delegate;  one  who  presides 
over  the  probate  of  wills,  and 
the  settlement  of  estates. 
Sur-round',  v.  t.    To  inclose 

on  all  sides ;  to  encompass. 
Sur-tput'  (-tcTot/),  n.  A  close- 
fitting  overcoat. 
Sur-vey' (14),  v.  t.   To  view 
attentively  ;  to  measure  and 
delineate,  as  land. 
Sur'vey,  w.    A  general  or  a 
particular  view ;  mensura- 
tion ;  a  plan  or  draft. 
Sur-vey'ing,  n.    Act  or  art 
of  nieasuring  land,  and  de- 
'  lineating  it  on  paper. 
Sur-vey'or,   n.     One  who 
measures  land ;  an  inspec- 
tor of  goods,  highways,  &c. 
Sur-vi'val,  n.  A  living  longer 

than  another. 
Sur-vive',  v.  t.  To  live  long- 
er than ;  to  outlive. 
Sur-viv'or,  n.  One  who  out- 
lives another.  [survivor. 
Sur-viv'or-ship,  n.  State  of  a 
Sus-gep/ti-bil'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  receiving  impressions ; 
sensibility. 
Sus-gep'ti-ble,  )  a.  Capable 
Sus-gep'tive,   J  of  receiving 
impressions. 


Sus-pe-et',  tJ.  t.  To  imagine 
to  exist ;  to  mistrust  ;  to 
doubt ;  to  have  suspicion  of. 

Sus-pend',  v.  t.  To  attach 
to  something  above  ;  to 
cause  to  cease  for  a  time.  — 
Syn.  To  hang  ;  intermit  ; 
interrupt;  delay;  hinder. 

Sus-pend'er,  w.  One  who 
suspends;  (pZ.)  braces. 

Sus-pense',  n.  State  of  un- 
certainty ;  cessation  for  a 
time ;  indecision. 

Sus-pen'sion,  n.  Act  of  sus- 
pending ;  temporary  or  con- 
ditional interruption  or  de- 
lay, [suspend. 

Sus-pen'so-ry,  a.  Serving  to 

Sus-pi'cion  (-pish/un),  n. 
Mistrust ;  doubt ;  jealousy. 

Sus-pi'cious  (-plsh/us),  a. 
Apt  or  inclined  to  suspect. 

Sus-pi'cious-ly  (-pish/us-), 
adv.  So  as  to  excite  suspi- 
cion. 

Sus/pi-ra'tion,  n.   A  sigh. 

Sus-tain',  1'.  t.  To  bear;  to 
support ;  to  uphold ;  to  en- 
dure ;  to  maintain. 

Sus'te-nange,  n.  Food  that 
sustains  ;  support  ;  main- 
tenance ;  provisions. 

Sus^ten-ta'tion,  n.  Support. 

Sut'ler,  n.  One  who  follows 
an  army  and  sells  provisions 
and  liquors  to  the  troops. 

Sut-tee'  (18),  n.  A  Hindoo 
widow  who  immolates  her- 
self on  the  funeral  pile  of 
her  husband. 

Sut'ure,  n.  A  seam  ;  joint  of 
the  bones  of  the  skull. 

Swab  (swob),  n.  A  mop  for 
cleaning  floors,  &c.  ;  a 
sponge  for  cleaning  the 
mouth.  — V.  t.  To  wipe 
with  a  mop  or  swab. 

Swad'dle,  v.  t.  To  swathe 
—  n.  Clothes  bound  tight 
around  the  body. 

Swag,  V.  i.  To  sink  down  by 
its  weight. 

Swag'ger,  v.  i.  To  boast ; 
to  brag  ;  to  bluster.  —  n. 
Insolence  of  manner. 

Swain,  n.  A  rustic  ;  a  coun- 
try gallant  or  lover. 

Sw4le,  n.    A  tract  of  low 


Swan. 


land.  —  V.  i.  To  melt  and 
run  down,  as  a  candle. 

Swal'low,  n.  A  small  migra- 
tory bird  ;  the  throat.  —  v. 
t.  To  take  into  the  stomach ; 
to  absorb  ;  to  engross. 

Swam,  imp.  of  Swim. 

Swamp  (swGmp),  n.  Low, 
wet,  soft,  spongy  ground;  a 
marsh ;  a  fen ;  a  bog. 

Swamp'y,  a.  Low,  wet  and 
spongy,  as  land. 

Swan,  n.  A  bird 
hke  the  goose, 
but  handsom- 
er and  more 
graceful. 

Swap  (swop),  V. 
t.  To  exchange  ;  to  barter. 
—  n.  An  exchange ;  barter. 

Sward,  n.  Grassy  surface  of 
land ;  compact  turf. 

Swarm,  n.  A  multitude,  esp. 
of  bees ;  a  crowd.  — v.  i.  To 
leave  a  hive  in  a  body. 

Swarth'i-ly,  adv.  With  a 
tawny  or  dusky  hue. 

Swarth'y,  a.  Of  a  dark  hue. 

Swath,  n.  A  line  of  grass, 
^c.,  cut  down  in  mowing; 
whole  sweep  of  a  scythe. 

Swathe,  n.  A  band  or  fillet ; 
a  bandage.  — v.  t.  To  bind 
with  bands  or  bandages. 

Sway  (14),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
wield ;  to  govern ;  to  move 
or  wave. — n.  Rule;  com- 
mand; power;  influence. 

Swear,  v.  i.  [imp.  swore  ; 
p.  p.  SWORN.]  To  afiirm 
with  a  solemn  appeal  to  God 
for  the  truth  of  what  is  af- 
firmed ;  to  use  profane  lan- 
guage. —  V.  t.  To  cause  to 
take  an  oath. 

Swear'ing,  n.  Act  of  one  who 
swears;  profanity. 

Sweat,  n.  The  moisture  which 
issues  through  the  pores  of 
an  animal ;  perspiration.  — 
v.i.ovt.To  excrete  moisture 
from  the  skin ;  to  perspire. 

Sweat'y,  n.  Moist  with 
sweat;  covered  with  sweat. 
Sweep,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SWEPT.]  To  clean  with  a 
broom  or  brush  ;  to  pass 
along.  — v.i.   To  pass  with 


a,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  loTig;  a,  6, 6,  ti,  j^,  short ;  care,  car,  isk,  all,  wh^t ;  gre,  VQil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SWEEPINGS 


263 


SYMPATHIZE 


svriftness  and  violence.  —  n. 
Act  of  sweeping  ;  range  ;  a 
large  oar  ;  one  who  sweeps. 

Sweep'ingg,  n.  pi.  'J'hiugs 
collected  in  sweeping. 

Sweep'stakes,  n.  pi.  The 
whole  money  won  at  a  race ; 
one  who  wins  all. 

Sweet,  a.  Grateful  to  the 
taste,  or  to  any  sense  ;  not 
sour ;  fresh  ;  soft  and  gentle. 

Sweet'-bread,  n.  The  pan- 
creas of  an  animal. 

Sweet'bri-ar,  n.  A  fragrant 
shrub  of  the  rose  kind. 

Sweet'en,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  become  sweet. 

Sweet'6n-ing,  n.  Something 
which  sweetens. 

Sweet'heart,  n.  A  lover ;  a 
mistress. 

Sweeping,  n.  A  sweet  apple. 

Sweet'isli,  a.    Rather  sweet. 

Sweet'ly,  adv.  With  sweet- 
ness ;  gratefully ;  agreeably. 

Sweet'meat,  n.  Fruit  pre- 
served with  sugar. 

Sweet'ness,  w.  Gratefulness 
to  the  taste  or  other  sense. 

Swell,  V.  t.  To  dilate  or  ex- 
tend ;  to  increase  the  size  of. 

—  V.  i.  To  be  inflated;  to 
grow  larger.  —  n.  Extension 
of  bulk.  [tumor. 

Swelling,  n.  Protuberance ; 
Swelt'er,  i*.    To  oppress  or 

to  be  overcome  with  heat. 
SwSlt'ry,  a.  Sultry. 
Swept,  imp.    &  p.   p.  of 

Sweep. 

Swerve,  V.  t.  To  deviate  ;  to 
wander. 

Swift,  a.  Moving  with  celer- 
ity. —  Syn.  llapid  ;  speedy  ; 
ready  ;  fleet ;  quick ;  nim- 
ble.—  n.  A  small  bird  re- 
sembling the  swallow. 

Swift'ly,  adv.  Rapidly. 

Swift'ness,  n.  Rapidity ; 
celerity  ;  speed. 

Swig,  V.  i.  or  t.  To  drink  in 
large  draughts. 

Swill,  V.  t.    To  drink  largely. 

—  n.    TTash  for  swine. 
Swim,  V.  i.    [imp.  swam  ; 

p.  p.  SWUM.]  To  float  or 
move  in  water  ;  to  glide 
along  ;  to  be  dizzy. 


Swim'mer,  n.  One  who 
swims.  [who  swims. 

Swim'ming,  n.     Act  of  one 

Swiin'ming-ly,  adv.  AVith- 
out  obstruction;  very  suc- 
cessfully ;  prosperously. 

Swin'dle,  v.  t.  To  cheat  or 
defraud  grossly,  or  with  de- 
liberate artifice. 

Swin'dler,  n.  A  cheat;  a 
sharper ;  a  rogue.  [bog. 

Swine,  n.  sing,  and  pi.  A 

Swine'-herd,  n.  A  keeper  of 
swine. 

Swing,  V.  i.  or  /.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  SWUNG.]  Tomovetoand 
fro,  as  a  body  suspended; 
to  vibrate.  —  n.  A  waving 
motion  ;  apparatus  for 
swinging ;  free  course. 

Swinge  (11),  V.  t.  To  punLsh. 

Swin'gle,  V.  t.  To  clean,  as 
flax,  by  beating. — n.  An 
instrument  of  wood  like  a 
knife,  for  cleaning  flax. 

Swin'ish  ( 11 ),  a.  Like  swine  ; 
gross;  bestial;  sensual. 

Swipe,  n.  Beam  by  which 
the  water  in  a  well  is  raised. 

Swiss,  n.  sing.  &  pi.  A  native 
of  Switzerland  ;  the  people 
of  Switzerland. 

Switch,  n.  A  flexible  twig; 
a  movable  pair  of  rails. 

Swiv'el  (swivel), 
n.  AringjHnk,' 
or  staple,  Swivel, 
turning  on  a  pin  or  neck ;  a 
small  gun  that  may  be 
turned  on  a  pivot.  [Swell. 

Swollen  (swoln),  p.  p.  of 

Swoon,  V.  i.  To  faint. — n. 
A  fainting  fit. 

Swoop,  v.t.oTi.  To  foil  on 
and  seize  with  a  sweeping 
motion.  —  n.  A  pouncing  on 
and  seizing,  as  a  bird  of  prey. 

Swop,  n.  &  V.    See  Swap. 

Sw5rd  (sord),  n.  A  weapon 
for  cutting  or  thrusting. 

Sword'-fish  (sord/-),  n.  A 
large  fish,  having  the  upper 
jaw  elongated  iuto  a  sword- 
shaped  process. 

Swore,  imp.  of  Swear. 

Sworn,  p.  p.  or  p.  a.  from 
Sivtar. 

Swum, ITT?/?.  &  p.p.  of  Swim. 


Swung,  imp.  k  p.  p.  of 
Swing. 

Syc'a-m6re,  n.  A  large  tree 
allied  to  the  common  fig  ;  in 
England,  a  large  maple  ;  in 
America,  the  plane-tree,  or 
buttonwood. 

Sy-c'o-phan-gy,  n.  Obsequi- 
ous flattery  ;  servility. 

Sy€'o-pliant,  n.  An  obsequi- 
ous flatterer  of  princes  and 
great  men  ;  a  base  parasite. 

Sy€''o-ph3,nt'i€,  a.  Servilely 
flattering  ;  parasitic. 

Sy'e-nite,  n.  A  crystalline 
rock  closely  resembling 
granite.  [syllables. 

Syl-lab'i€  (5),a.   Relating  to 

Syl-lab/i-ca'tion,  n.  The  for- 
mation of  syllables. 

SyPla-ble,  n.  A  letter  or 
combination  of  letters  ut- 
tered together,  or  by  one  im- 
pulse of  the  voice. 

Syl'la-bub,  n.  A  drink  made 
of  wine  and  milk. 

Syl'la-bus,  n.    An  abstract. 

Syl'lo-gism,  n.  A  regular 
argument  consisting  of  three 
propositions. 

SyFlo-gist'i€,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  of,  a  syllo- 
gigm. 

Sylph,  n.   A  kind  of  fairy  in- 
habiting the  air. 
Syl'van,  n.    A  fabled  deity 

of  the  wood;  a  faun. — a. 

Forest-like  ;  rural ;  rustic. 
Sym'bol,  n.  A  type,  emblem, 

sign,  or  representation. 
Sym-bol'i-c,     I  a.  Express- 
Sym-boPi-e-al,  j       ing  by 

means  of  symbols  or  signs. 
Sym-b61'i€-al-ly,  adv.  By 

signs  ;  typically. 
Sym'bol-Ize  (31),  v.  t.  or  i 

To  represent  by  a  symbol. 
Sym-met'ri€-al,  a.  Propor? 

tional  in  its  parts.  ; 
Sym-met'ri-e-al-ly,  adv[ 

With  due  proportions.  •  i 
Sym'me-try,  n.  Adaptation 

of  parts  to  each  other  or  to  c 

the  whole. 
Sym^pa-thet'i-e,  a.    Having,  c 

or  produced  by,  sympathy.  <3 
Sym'pa-thize,  v.  i.   To  feel  1 

for  another. 


Bon,  6r,  dg,  wolf,  tcTo,  tcTok  ;  firn,  rye,  pull ;  9,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  a^  ;  ejist;  y  as  ng  ;  tiiia. 


SYMPATHY 


264 


TACITUEK 


Sym'pa-tliy,  n.  Fellow-feel- 
ing ;,  commiseration ;  pity. 

Sym-pho'ni-ous,  a.  Agree- 
ing in  sound ;  harmonious. 

Sym'pho-ny,  n.  Harmony  of 
sounds ;  an  elaborate  musi- 
cal composition  for  instru- 
ments. 

Symp'tom,  n.  A  sign  or  in- 
dication, as  of  disease  ;  tok- 
en ;  mark ;  note. 

Syinp''tom-at'i€,  a.  Indi- 
cating the  existence  of  some- 
thing else. 

Syn-aer'e-sis, )  n.  Contrac- 

Syn-er'e-sis,  j  tion  of  a 
word  by  drawing  two  vowels 
together  into  one  syllable. 

Syn'a-gogue  (-gog),  n.  A 
Jewish  place  of  worship. 

S^n'«hro-nal,     ^  a.  Hap- 

Syn-ehr6n'i€-al ,  J  pening  at 

Syn'-ehro-nous,  )  the  same 
time;  simultaneous. 

Sj^n'-ehro-nism,  w.  Concur- 
rence of  two  or  more  events 
in  time. 

Sj^n'€0-pate,  r.  t.  To  con- 
tract by  syncope. 

S^n-'-eo-pa'tion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion of  a  word  by  taking  a 
letter  or  letters  from  the 
middle. 

Syn'€0-pe,  n.  Retrenchment 
of  one  or  more  letters  from 


the  middle  of  a  word  ;  a 
fainting  fit. 

Syn'di-e,  n.  A  magistrate  in- 
vested with  different  powers 
in  different  places. 

Syn-e-eh'do-ehe, «.  A  figure 
of  rhetoric  by  which  the 
whole  is  put  for  a  part,  or  a 
part  for  the  whole. 

Syn'od,  n.  An  ecclesiastical 
council ;  a  convention. 

Syn-6d'i€,     I  a.  Relating  to 

Syn-6d'i-e-al,  J    a  synod. 

Syn'o-nym,   )«.  Awordhav- 

S^n'o-nyme,  jing  the  same  or 
very  nearly  the  same  mean- 
ing as  another. 

Syn-6n'y-mize,  v.t.  To  ex- 
press in  different  words  of 
the  same  meaning. 

Syn-6n'y-inoiis,  a.  Having 
the  same  meaning ;  pertain- 
ing to,  or  containing,  syn- 
onyms. 

Syn-on'y-my,  w.  Quality  of 
expressing  the  same  m.ean- 
ing  in  different  words. 

Syn-6p'sis,  w.  (y>Z.  Syn-6p'- 
se§).  A  general  view  ;  an  ab- 
stract ;  an  epitome. 

Syn-6p'ti€,     )  a.  Affording  a 

Syn-6p'ti€-al,  j  general  view. 

Syn-ta€'ti€,     I  a.  Relating 

Syn-ta-e'ti€-al,  I    to  syntax. 

S^n'tax,  ».     The  arrange- 


mant   or  construction  of 

words  in  sentences. 
Syn'the-sis,  n.  Composition, 

or  the  putting  of  two  or 

more  things  together. 
Syn-thet'i-e,      j  a.  Pertain- 
Syn-thet'i-e-al,  j    ing  to,  or 

consisting  in,  synthesis. 
Syn-thet'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  By 

synthesis  ;  by  composition. 
Syph'i-lis,  n.    An  infectious 

venerea]  disease. 
Syr'i-a-e,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Syria,  or  its  language.  —  n. 

The  language  of  Syria. 
Sy-rin'ga,n.  The  lilac;  also, 

the  mock  orange. 
Syr'inge,  n.    A  kind  of  pipe 

for  injecting  liquids.  —  v.  t. 

To   inject   or    cleanse  by 

means  of  a  syringe. 
Sys'tem,  n.     Connected  as- 
semblage of  parts  or  things ; 

regular  order  or  method. 
Sys'tein-S,t'i<;,  a.  Pertaining, 

or  proceeding  according,  to 

system ;  methodical. 
Sj?'S''tem-3,t'i€-al-ly,  adv.  In 

a  systematic  manner. 
Sys'tem-a-tize,  v.  t.   To  re- 
duce to  system  or  regular 

method ;  to  methodize. 
S^S'to-le,  n.    The  shortening 

of  a  syllable ;  contraction  of 

the  heart  and  arteries. 


T. 


TAB,  n.    A  border  of  lace 
on  the  inner  front  edge 
of  a  bonnet. 
L^b'by,  «.    Wavy  ;  watered ; 
brindled.  —  n.    A  wavy  or 
watered  silk ;  a  brindled  va- 
riety of  cat. 
rab'er-na-€le,  n.  A  tent ;  a 
temporary     and  portable 
temple  of  the  Jews  ;  place 
for  keeping  some  holy  or 
precious  thing.  —  v.  i.  To 
reside  for  a  time. 
T^b'la-ture,  n.    A  painting 
on  a  wall  and  ceiling. 


Ta'ble  (18),  «.  An  article  of 
furniture  with  a  flat  sur- 
face ;  a  board  ;  fare  ;  a  syn- 
opsis or  schedule.  —  v.  t.  To 
lay  on  the  table  ;  to  post- 
pone ;  to  form  into  a  table. 

Tab'leau  (tS.hno),  n.  {pL 
Tableaux,  -loz,  25.)  A 
picture-like  representation 
of  some  scene  by  means  of 
persons  grouped  together;  a 
still  pantomime. 

Ta'ble-land,  n.  Elevated 
flat  land  ;  a  plateau. 

Tab'let,  n.   A  little  table;  a 


flat  surface ;  a  memoran- 
dum-book. 

Ta-bdb',n.  A  religious  inter- 
dict ;  a  prohibition.  —  v.  t. 
To  forbid  approach  to  or 
nse  of ;  to  hold  sacred. 

Ta'bor,  n.    A  small  drum. 

Tab'u-lar,  a.  Having  the 
form  of,  or  pertaining  to,  a 
table. 

T3<g'it,  a.   Silent ;  implied 
Tag'it-ly,    adv.  Without 

words ;  by  implication. 
Tag'i-turn,  a.   Habitually  si- 
lent ;  reserved ;  reticent. 


2,(5,I,o,ti,y,;ong-/a,e,!,6,tt,y,  sAorf;  care,  car,  &sk,  all,  wh^t }  ere,  vgil,t8rm ;  pique,  firm  j 


TACITURNITY 


265 


Tac^i-tur'ni-ty,  n.  Habitual  i  Tale,  n.  A  story ;  a  narrative ; 


silence ;  reserve  ;  reticence, 
T^ck  (5),  w.    A  sort  of  small 
nail ;  a  rope ;  course  of  a  ship 
as  to  the  position  of  her  sails. 
—  V.  t.    To  fasten  slightly. 

 V.  i.      To  change  the 

course  of  a  ship  by  means 
of  her  sails. 
T§.ck'le(tak/l),n.  A  machine 
for  raising  heavy  weights; 
rigging  and  apparatus.  — v. 
t.  To  harness  ;  to  seize. 
Tack'ling,  n.    Rigging  of  a  I  Talk  (tawk),»i 

ship;  harness.  versation  ;    rumor.  —  r.  i. 

Ta-et,  n.    Nice  perception  or      To  speak,  as  in  familiar  dis- 

skill.  [tactics.  !  course. 

T^^'ti-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  ;  Talk'a-tive  (tawk^-),  a.  Given 
Ta€-ti'cian  (-tish/an),  H.  One  I     to  much  talking.  —  Syn. 


;i  number  or  enumeration, 
Tale'-bear'er,  n.  An  officious 

informer;  a  tell-tale. 
Tal'ent,  n.  An  ancient  weight 
and  coin  ;  intellectual  abil-" 
ity  ;  faculty. 
Tal'ent-eU,  a.  Possessing 
talents. 

Tal'i§-man  (21),  n.  A  magic- 
al cliaracter;  a  charm. 
Tal/i§-man'i€,  a.  Affording 
niagical  protection. 
"         ■        Familiar  con- 


versed in  tactics, 

Ta€'ti-es,  n.  sing.  Science 
and  art  of  disposing  mili- 
tary or  naval  forces  ia  order 
for  battle. 

T^-e'tile,  a.  Capable  of  being 
touched.  [touch. 

Ta,€t'u-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Tad'pole,  n.  The  young  of  a 
frog  in  its  first  state. 

Taff'rail,  n.  Upper  part  of 
a  ship's  stern. 

Taf'fe-ta,  )  n.  A  fine  glossy 

TS-ffe-ty, )    silk  stuff. 


Loquacious  ;  garrulous. 
Tall  {I),  a.    High  in  stature ; 

lofty.  [ness. 
TpJFness,  n.    Height;  lofti- 
TaPlow,  n.    Hard  fat  of  an 
animal,   especially   of  the 
sheep  and  the  ox. — v.  t. 
To  smear  with  tallow. 
Tai'15w/-chan/dler,  7J.  One 

who  makes  tallow  candles. 
TS,l'ly,        A  notched  stick 
for  keeping    accounts ;  a 
match ;  a  mate.  — v.  t.  or  i. 
To  agree  ;  to  correspond 


Tag,  M.    A  metallic  point  at  :  Tal'mud,  n.    A  book  of  He- 
the  end  of  a  string  ;  a  label.  |     brew  laws  and  traditions. 
—  V.  t.    To  fit  with  a  point  i  TaPon,  n.  The  claw  of  a  bird 
or  points.  |     of  prey.         [being  tamed. 

Tail  (4),  n.  Appendage  of  an  i  Tam'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capableof 
animal  behind;  back,  lower,  Tam'a-rmd,  n.  A  tropical 
or  inferior  part.  tree  and  its  acid  fruit. 

Tai'lor,  n.  One  who  makes  Tam'bpur,  n.  A  small  flat 
men's  clothes.  drum  ;  a  circular  frame  for 

Tai'lor-ess,n.  A  woman  who      embroidery;  a  kind  of  em- 
makes    men's    or    boys'  broidery, 
clothes.  Tam/bpur-me' 
Taint,  v.  t.    To  infect;  to      (t  a  m^  boor- 
contaminate;  to  corrupt. —      een'),  n.  A 
n.   Infection  ;  corruption.        shallow  drum 
Take,  v.  t.    [imp.  took  ;  p.      with  only  one  rp^^J^- 
p.  TAKEN.]   To  receive  ;  to  skm. 

seize;  to  catch  ;  to  hold;  to   Tame,  a.     Accustomed  to 

assume;  to  convey.  — ^^  i.      man;  gentle;  mild.  — r.  t. 

To  have  the  natural  effect  ;      To  reclaim  from  wildness  ; 

to  gain  reception.  to  subdue  ;  to  conqner. 

Tak'ing,  a.    Alluring;    at-  Tame'ly,  a^/f.     AVith  mean 

tracting.      •  I     submission ;  servileness. 

Tal-C  (5),  n.    A  soft  greenish  I  Tam'my,  n.  A  glazed  woolen 

mineral  of  a  soapy  feel.       |  stuff. 


TAPER 

T^mp,  V.  t.  To  fill  up,  as  a 
hole  in  blasting. 

T^m'per(8),^•.  i.  To  meddle. 

Tam'pi-on,  I  n.  Stopper  of  a 

T6m'pi-on,  j  gun  or  cannon. 

Tan  (7),v.   To  convert  into 
.  leather  ;  to  make  or  become 
brown .  —  w.   Bark  prepared 
for  tanning;    a  yellowish- 
brown  color. 

T^n'dem,  adv.  One  behind 
another  ;  —  said  of  horses. 

T5,ng,  n.  A  strong  taste  •, 
rolisli ;  a  kind  of  sea-weed. 

Tan 'gent,  n. 
A  right  lino 
which  mere- 
ly touches  a 
curve. 

Tan/gi-bil  'i- 
ty,  n.   Qual-  c,  c,  c.  Tan- 
ity  of  being  geuts. 
tangible. 

Tan'gi-blc,a.  Perceptible  by 
the  touch  ;  palpable ;  readi- 
ly apprehensible. 

Tan'gle,     To  unite  together 
confusedly;   to  insnare.— 
n.   An  intricate  knot. 
Tank,  n.     A  large  basin  or 
cistern. 

Tank'ard,  n.    A  large  vessel 

for  liquors,  with  a  lid. 
Tan'ner,  n.  One  whose  occu- 
pation is  to  tan  hides. 
Tan'ner-y ,  n .  House  and  ap- 
paratus for  tanning. 
Tan'nin  (30),  n.    The  astrin- 
gent principle  of  the  bark 
of  the  ®ak  and  other  trees. 
Tan'sy,  n.  A  very  bitter  plant. 
Tan'ta-llze  (31 ),  v.t.  To  tease 

with  false  hopes. 
Tan'ta-mount^  a.  Equiva- 
lent in  value  or  signification. 
Tan'-yard,  n.  A  yard  where 

tanning  is  carried  on. 
Tap,  1'.  t.  To  touch  or  strik9 
lightly  ;  to  put  a  new  sole  or 
heel  on.  —  n.A  gentle  blow ; 
a  spile  or  pipe  for  drawing 
liquor ;  a  bar. 
Tape,  n.  A  narrow  fillet. 
Ta'per,  n.   A  small  wax  can- 
dle —  a.    Decreasing  regu- 
larly toward  the  point.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  To  decrease  grad- 
ually toward  one  end. 


86ii,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  too,  to^ok ;  tlrn,  rije,  pull ;  9,  ^,  5o/i /     g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


TAPESTEY 


266 


TEARLESS 


Tap'es-try,  n.  A  kind  of 
woven  hangings  of  wool  and 
silk,  often  embroidered. 

Tape'-worm  (-wurm),  w.  A 
broad,  flat,  many-jointed 
worm,  bred  in  the  intestines. 

Tap^i-o'-ea,  n.  A  starch  ob- 
tained from  the  roots  of  a 
Br^iziiian  plant. 

Tap'-house,  n.  A  house 
wherejiquors  are  retailed. 

Tap'-rc5bt,  n.  The  chief  root. 

Tap'ster,  n.  One  who  draws 
liquors. 

Tar,  n.  A  resinous  substance 
obtained  from  pine-trees  ;  a 
sailor.    [See  Tarpaulin.]  — 
V.  t.   To  smear  with  tar. 
Ta-ran'tu-la,  n.  A  species  of 
spider.  [pace. 
Tar'di-ly,  adv.    With  a  slow 
Tar'di-ness  (13),  n.  Slow- 
ness of  motion;  latene.ss. 
Tar'dy,  a.    Moving  with  a 

slow  pace  or  motion  ;  late. 
Tarc,n.  A  troublesome  weed ; 
allowance  in  weight  for  the 
cask  or  bag. 
Tar'get,  n.  A  small  shield  ;  a 

marli  to  shoot  at. 
Tar'iff ,  n.    A  table  of  duties 

or  customs  on  imports. 
Tar'la-tan,  n.     A  kind  of 

thin,  transparent  muslin. 
Tiir'nish,  v.t.    To  sully  ;  to 

lose  brightness. 
Tar-pau'lin,     n.  Canvas 
tarred ;    a  waterproof  hat 
worn  by  sailors  ;  a  sailor. 
Tar'ry,  v.  i.    To  stay ;  to  re- 
main ;   to  (;ontinue ;  to  de- 
lay ;  to  abide. 
Tiir'ry,  a.    Covered  with,  or 

like,  tar. 
Tart,  a.  Acid;  sharp  ;  severe. 
—  n.    A  kind  of  small  open 
pie.  [en  cloth. 

Tar'tan,n.  A  checkered  wool- 
Tar 'tar,  n.    An  acid  salt  de- 
posited from  wine ;  concre- 
tion on  the  teeth. 
Tar-ta're-an,  a.  Pertaining 

to  Tartarus  ;  hellish. 
Tar-ta're-ous,  I  a.  Consist- 
Tar 'tar-ous,    j     ing  of,  or 

like,  tartar. 
TsLT-t^v'i^,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  obtained  from,  tartar. 


T'drt^ly,  adv.  Sharply;  sour- 
ly ;  acrimoniously. 

Tart'ness,  n.  Sharpness; 
acidity ;  acrimony. 

Task,  71.  Business  imposed  ; 
burdensome  employment. — 
V.  t.  To  impose  a  task  on ;  to 
oppress  with  burdens. 

Task'-mas^ter,  n.  One  who 
imposes  tasks. 

Tas'sel,  n.  A  pendent  orna- 
ment ending  in  a  fringe.  — 
v.t.  {8)  To  adorn  with  tas- 
fsels. 

Taste,  V.  t.  To  perceive  by 
the  palate ;  to  eat  a  little 
of ;  to  experience  ;  to  relish. 
—  n.  Act  or  sense  of  tast- 
ing ;  intellectual  relish  or 
discernment ;  style  ;  a  kind 
of  narrow  ribbon. 

Taste'ful,  a.  Having  a  high 
relish ;  exhibiting  good 
taste.  [taste. 

Taste'ful-ly,  adv.  AVith  good 

Taste'less,  a.  Having  no 
taste ;  insipid.  [taste. 

Tast'i-ly,  adv.    With  good 

Tast'y,  a.  Having  good  taste ; 
according  to  taste  ;  elegant. 

Tat'ter,  v.  t.  To  rend  into 
rags.  —  n.  A  piece  torn  and 
hanging  ;  a  rag. 

Tat/ter-de-mal'ioii  {-m^V- 
yun),  n.  A  shabby  fellow. 

Tat'tle,  V.  i.  To  tell  tales  or 
secrets. — n.  Idle,  trifling 
tallc  or  chat ;  prate. 

Tat'tler,  n.  An  idle  talker. 

Tat-too',  n.  A  beat  of  drum 
at  night ;  figures  stained  on 
the  skin. — v.  t.  (15)  To 
stain  indelibly,  as  the  skin, 
by  pricking  in  dye-stuffs. 

Taught  (tawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Teach. — a.  See  Taut. 

Taunt (tiint),  v.  t.  To  insult 
with  reproachful  words.  — 
Syn.  To  deride;  mock;  re- 
vile ;  insult ;  upt3raid.  — n. 
A  gilae  ;  scoff. 

Taut,  a.    Tight ;  stretched. 

Tau'to-16g'i€-al,  a.  Repeat- 
ing the  same  meaning. 

Tau-tol'o-gy,  n.  Repetition 
of  the  same  meaning  in  dif- 
ferent words. 

Tav'crn,  n.    A  public  house 


I  kept  for  the  entertainment 
and  accommodation  of  trav- 
elers and  other  guests. 

Tav'ern-keep^er,  n.  One 
who  keeps  a  tavern. 

Taw,  V.  t.  To  dress  and  pre- 
pare in  white  leather. 

Taw'dri-ly,  ac?i5.  With  excess 
of  finery. 

Taw'dri-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  tawdry ;  excessive 
finery. 

Taw'dry ,  a.  Gaudy  in  dress; 
showy  without  taste. 

Taw'ny,  a.  Of  a  dull  yellow- 
ish brown  color,  like  tan. 

Tax,  n.  A  rate  assessed  on  a 
person  for  some  public  use  ; 
task  exacted.  —  v.  t.  To 
subject  to  pay  a  tax  ;  to  ac- 
cuse ;  to  charge.  [taxed. 

T^x'a-ble,  a.    Liable  to  bo 

Tax-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  im- 
posing taxes ;  impost. 

Tax'i-der''my ,  n.  Art  of  pre- 
paring the  skins  of  animals, 
so  as  to  represent  their  nat- 
ural appearance. 

Tea,  n.  A  plant,  or  a  decoc- 
tion of  its  dried  leaves. 

Teach,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
TAUGHT.]  To  instruct;  to 
inculcate  ;  to  show ;  to  tell. 

Teach'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  taught ;  docile. 

Teach'er,  n.  An  instructor. 

Tea'-€up,  n.  A  small  cup  to 
drink  tea  from. 

Teak,  n.  An  East  India  tree, 
and  its  timber. 

Tea'-ket^tle,  n.  A  kettle  to 
boil  water  in  for  making 
tea.  [fowl. 

Teal,  n.  A  web-footed  water- 
Team,  n.  Two  or  more  horses 
or  oxen  harnessed  together. 

Team'ster,  n.  One  who 
drives  a  team. 

Tea'-p6t,  n.  A  vessel  in 
which  tea  is  made. 

Tear,  n.  A  drop  of  water  or 
brine  from  the  eyes. 

Tear,  v.  t.  or  [imp.  tore  ; 
p.  p.  torn.]  To  pull  asun- 
der ;  to  rend  ;  to  lacerate. 

Tear'ful,  a.  Shedding  tears  ; 
weeping.  [tears. 

Tear'less,  a.    Shedding  no 


a,  ^yi^o^xi^y ,  long ;        i,  6,tl, 


short ;  care,  car,  &sk,  g,ll,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm ; 


TEASE 

Tea§e,  v.  t.  To  comb  or  card; 

to  liarass  ;  to  vex. 
Tea'§el  (tG'zl),  n.  A  burr,  or 
other  thing  used  for  raising 
a  nap  on  woolen  cloth. 
Tea'-spobn,  n.      A  small 
spoon,  used  in  drinking  tea, 
Teat,  n.  The  nipple.  [&c. 
Te-eh'ni€-al,  a.    Relating  to 
any  art,  science,  or  business. 
T6€h/ni-cari-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being   technical  ;  that 
which  is  technical. 
Te€h/no-16g'i€-al,  a.    Of,  or 

pertaining  to,  technology. 
Te-ch-nol'o-gy,  n.  A  treatise 

on  the  arts. 
Tech'y,  a.  Peevish ;  fretful. 
Te€-t6n'i€,  a.   Pertaining  to 

building  or  construction. 
Ted'der,  n.    A  tether. 
Te  De'um,  n.    An  ancient 

hymn  of  thanksgiving. 
Te'di-ous  (or   ted^yus),  a. 
Tiresome,  from  continuance 
or  slowness. —Syn.  Weari- 
some ;  irksome ;  fatiguing. 
Tc'di-um,  n.  Irksomeness. 
Teem,  v.    To  bring  forth,  as 

an  animal ;  to  be  prolific. 
Teens,  n.p/.    Ye;A,rs  between 

twefve  and  twenty. 
Tee'ter,  v.  i.   To  ride  on  the 

end  of  a  balanced  board. 
Teeth  (21),  n.,  pL  of  Tooth. 
Teeth,  v.  i.  To  breed  teeth. 
Tee-t5'tal,  a.  Entire ;  total. 
Tee-to'tal-ism,  n.  Principle 

of  strict  temperance. 
Tee-to'tum,  n.  A  kind  of  top. 
Teg'u-ment,  n.  A  covering. 
Tel'e-gram,  n.  A  telegraphic 

message  or  despatch. 
T61'e-graph,  n.    An  appara- 
tus for  communicating  in- 
formation rapidly  between 
distant  places  by  signals, 
TeFe-graph'i€,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  telegraph. 
Tel'e-s-cope,  n.    An  optical 
instrument  for  viewing  dis- 
tant objects. 
TePe-s-cop'ie,     )  a.  Per- 
TeFe-S€6p'i€-al,  j  taining 

to  a  telescope. 
Tell,  ^^  t.   [imp.   &  p.  p. 
TOLD.]  To  count    to  num- 
ber ;  to  relate  ;  to  inform 


267 

V.  i.  To  produce  a  marked 
effect. 

Tell'er,  n.  One  who  tells ;  an 
officer  of  a  bank  who  counts 
over  money  received,  and 
pays  it  out  on  checks. 
Tell'-tale,  n.    An  officious 
informer.  —  a.  Telling  tales. 
Te-mer'i-ty,  n.    Hash  bold- 
ness ;  foolhardiness. 
Tgm'per,  n.  Constitution  of 
mind ;  due  mixture  ;  prone- 
ness  to  anger  ;  state  of  a 
metal  as  to  hardness. —r. 
t.  (8)  To  mix  in  due  propor- 
tion ;  to  qualify  ;  to  soften  ; 
to  bring  to  a  proper  degree 
of  hardness. 
Tem'per-a-ment,  n.  Internal 
constitution  ;  peculiar  phys- 
ical and  mental  character. 
Tem'per-anQe,  n.  Moderate 
indulgence  of  the  appetites. 
Tem'per-ate,  a.    Moderate  ; 

abstemious  ;  sober. 
Tem'per-ate-ly,  adv.  With 
moderation  ;  without  excess. 
Tem'per-a-ture,  n.  State 
with  regard  to  heat  or  cold. 
Tem'pest,n.  A  violent  storm  ; 

commotion ;  tumult. 
Tem-pest'u-ous,  a.  Stormy ; 

violent;  turbulent. 
Tem'plar,  n.    A  student  of 

law.  [Eng.] 
Tem'ple,  n.  An  edifice  erected 
to  some  deity  ;  a  church ; 
flat  part  of  the  head  between 
the  forehead  and  ear. 
Tem'plet,  n.   A  piece  of  tim- 
ber used  in  building. 
Tem'po-ral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  temple  ;  pertaining  to  this 
life  ;  secular  ;  not  spiritual. 
Tem/po-ra,l'i-ty,n.  Revenues 
of  an  ecclesiastic,  derived 
from  lands,  tithes,  &c. 
Tem'po-ral-ly,  adv.  With  re- 
gard to  this  life. 
Tem'po-ra-ri-ly   (13),  adv. 

For  a  time  only. 
Tem'po-ra-ry,  a.  Continuing 
for  a  time  only  ;  transitory. 
Tem'po-rize  (31),  i.  To 
comply  with  the  time  or  oc- 
casion. 

Tempt,  v.t.To  entice  to  what 
is  wrong ;  to  lead  into  evil ; 


TENET 

to  venture  on.  —  Syn.  To 

allure ;  seduce  ;  solicit. 
Temp-ta'tion,   n.     Act  of 

tempting  ;     that  which 

tempts ;  trial. 
Tempt'er,  n.      One  who 

tempts,  or  entices  to  evil. 
Ten,  a.  Twice  five  ;  a  decade. 
Ten'a-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  held. 
Te-na'cious,  a.  Holding  fast; 

retentive;  adhesive. 
Te-n5,g'i-ty,  n.    The  quality 

of  being  tenacious. 
Ten'an-gy,  n.  A  holding  or 
temporary  possession  of 
what  belongs  to  another. 
Ten'ant,  n.  One  who  holds 
lands  or  tenements  of  an- 
other.—  v.  t.  To  hold  or 
possess  as  a  tenant. 

Ten'ant-a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  bo 
rented.  [tenants. 

Ten'ant-ry,  n.    A  body  of 

Tend,  v.  t.  To  watch  ;  to 
guard  ;  to  move  in  a  certain 
direction  ;  to  aim  at  ;  to 
wait  on. — v.  i.  To  move  ; 
to  aim  ;  to  incline. 

Tend'en-Qy,»?.  Drift;  direc- 
tion ;  inclination  ;  course. 

Tend'er,  n.  A  small  vessel 
that  attends  a  larger ;  an 
offer.  —  V.  t.    To  offer, 

Ten'der,  a.  Easily  impressed 
or  injured  ;  easily  moved  to 
pity,  forgiveness,  or  favor. 
—  Syn.  Delicate;  soft; 
mild  :  humane. 

Ten'der-ly,  adv.  Gently  ; 
kindly  ;  softly  ;  mildly. 

Ten'der-loin,  n.  A  tender 
part  of  flesh  in  the  hiud 
quarter  of  beef. 

Ten'der-ness,n.  Quality  of 
being  tender ;  softness. 

Ten'di-nous,  a.  Full  of  ten- 
dons ;  sinewy.  

Ten'don,  n.    A  hard  inse^'^v. 
sible  cord  by  which  a  mu 
cle  is  attached  to  a  bone.  ^ 

Ten'dril,  n.     A  spiral  sho 
or  olasper  of  a  vine.  q 

Ten'e-ment,  n.    A  house 
part  of  a  house  for  the  u^^ 
of  one  family.  ^  ,(3 

Ten'et,  n.  Opinion  ;  priv^ 
ciple  ;  dogma  ;  doctrine. 


86n,  6r,  dft,  w^lf,  to-o,  to^ok ;  to,  rue,  pijdl ;  9,  ^,  sqft ;  €,  g,  hard ;     ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng ; 


TENFOLD 


268 


TETRAGON 


Ten'lt31d,  a.  Teu  times  as 
many  or  much. 

Ten'nis,  n.  A  play  with  rack- 
et and  ball. 

Ten'on,  n.  That  part  of  a 
piece  of  wood  which  is  cut 
to  enter  a  mortise. 

Ten'or  (33),  n.  General 
course  ;  purport  ;  higher 
kind  of  male  voice. 

Tense,  a.  Strained  tight.  — 
n.  Form  or  variation  of  a 
verb  to  express  time. 

Tense'ness,  w.  State  of  being 
tense ;  stiifness. 

Ten'sion,  n.  Act  or  degree 
of  stretching ;  stiffness  ;  elas- 
tic power. 

Tent,  n.  A  portable  lodge  or 
canvas  ;  a  roll  of  lint  or  lin- 
en for  surgical  use.  —  v.  t. 
To  lodge  in  a  tent ;  to  cover 
with  tents  ;  to  probe. 

Ten'ta-ele,  n.  An  organ  of 
certain  insects  for  feeling  or 
motion.  [al. 

Ten'ta-tive,  a.  Experiment- 

Tent'ed,  a.  Covered  or  fur- 
nished with  tents. 

Ten'ter,  n.  A  frame  with 
hooks  for  stretching  cloth. 

—  V.  t.  To  stretch  on  hooks. 
Tenth,  a.  The  ordinal  often. 

—  n.  One  part  in  ten  ;  a 
tithe.  [place. 

Tenth'ly,  adv.  In  the  tenth 
Te-nu'i-ty,  n.      Thinness  ; 

slenderness ;  subtil ty. 
Ten'u-ous,  a.  Thin  ;  slender  ; 

small ;  rare  ;  subtile. 
Ten'ure,  n.    Act,  right,  or 

manner,  of  holding. 
Tep/e-f^c'tion,  n.    Act  of 

warming. 
Tgp'id,  a.  Moderately  warm. 
Te'por,  n.  Gentle  heat. 
Ter'a-phim,  n.  pi.  House- 
.  hold  deities. 

Jir'e-binth,  n.  The  turpen- 
tine tree. 

■Sr/gi-ver-sa'tion  (ter/jl-), 
"n.  A  shifting;  subterfuge. 
3rm,  n.  A  boundary  ;  limit- 
ed time ;  word ;  condition  ; 
Jtime  of  session.  —  v.  t.  To 
J  call ;  to  name, 
•er'ma-gan-gy,  n.  Turbu- 
lence. 


Ter'ma-gant,  n.  A  brawl- 
ing, turbulent  woman.  — a. 
Quarrelsome;  shrewish. 

Ter'mi-na-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  bounded  or  ended. 

Ter'mi-nal,  a.  Ending ;  form- 
ing the  end. 

Ter'mi-nate,  v.  t.  To  set 
the  limit  to  ;  to  put  an  end 
to.  — Syn.  To  limit;  com- 
plete ;  finish  ;  bound.  —  -y.  i. 
To  end ;  to  close. 

Ter^mi-na'tion,  n.  Limit ; 
bound  ;  end  ;  result. 

Ter/mi-n61'o-gy,  n.  A  trea- 
tise on  terms ;  terms  used  ; 
nomenclature. 

Ter'mi-nus,  n.  (pL  Ter'mi- 
m,  25.)  A  boundary  ;  a 
boundary-stone ;  either  end 
of  a  railroad.  [ant. 

Ter'mite  (18),  n.    The  white 

Ter'na-ry,  a.  Proceeding  by 
threes.  — n.  Three. 

Ter'rage  (18),  n.  A  raised 
bank  of  earth  ;  a  flat  roof. 

Ter'ra  Cot'ta.  A  kind  of  pot- 
tery made  from  fine  clay. 

T6r'ra-pin,  n.  A  large  kind 
of  turtle  or  tortoise. 

Ter-ra'que-ous,  a.  Composed 
of  land  and  water. 

Ter-rene',  a.  Terrestrial ; 
earthly. 

Ter-res'tri-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  the  earth  ;  earthl3^ 

Ter'ri-ble,  a.  Fitted  to  excite 
terror.  —  Syn.  Fearful  ; 
frightful  ;  formidable  ;  aw- 
ful ;  shocking. 

Ter'ri-bly,  adv.  Frightfully. 

Ter'ri-er,  n.  A  dog  that  pur- 
sues game  into  holes. 

Ter-nf'i€,  a.  Adapted  to  ex- 
cite terror;  dreadful. 

Ter'ri-fy,  v.  t.  To  frighten. 

Ter^ri-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  territory. 

Ter'ri-to-ry,  n.  A  tract  of 
land  ;  a  district  of  country. 

Ter'ror,  n.  Great  fear;  dread. 

TSr'ror-i§m,  n.  A  state  im- 
pressing terror. 

Terse,  a.  Elegantly  concise. 

Terse'ly,  adv.  Neatly  and 
concisely. 

Terse'ness,  n.  Smoothness 
and  compactness. 


j  Ter'tian  (ter^shan),  a.  Hap- 
I     pening  every  third  day. 

Ter'ti-a-ry  (tCr/shi-a-ry),  a. 
I     Third;  of  the  third  forma- 
I     tion,  rank,  or  order. 
'  Tes'sel-ate,  v.  t.    To  form 

into,  or  lay  with,  checkered 

work. 

Tes/sel-a'tion,  n.  Mosaic 
work,  or  the  making  of  it. 

T6st,  n.  A  cupel  to  try  met- 
als ;  critical  examination  or 
trial;  standard. — v.  t.  To 
try  by  a  fixed  standard ;  to 
put  to  proof. 

Tes-ta'cean,  n.  A  shell-fish, 
especially  mo  Husks. 

Tes-ta'ceous,  a.  Having  a 
hard,  continuous  shell,  as 
the  oyster  or  clam. 

Test'a-ment,  n.  A  will ;  one 
of  the  two  general  divisions 
of  the  Scriptures. 

Test'a-ment'a-ry,  a.  Relat- 
ing to,  or  bequeathed  by, a 
will  or  testament. 

Test'ate,  a.  Having  made 
and  left  a  will. 

Tes-ta'tor,  n.  One  who 
leaves  a  will. 

Tes-ta'trix,7i.  A  female  tes- 
tator. 

Tes'ter,  n.  Top  covering  of  a 
bed. 

Tes'ti-€le,  n.  A  gland  that 
secretes  seminal  fluid. 

Tes'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  give  testi- 
mony ;  to  bear  witness. 

Tes'ti-ly,  adv.  Peevishly. 

Tes^ti-mo'ni-al,  n.  A  certif- 
icate of  good  character  or 
conduct. 

Tes'ti-mo-ny,  n.  Affirma- 
tion in  proof  of  some  fact. 
—  Syn.    Evidence;  proof. 

Tes'ti-ness,  n.  Peevishness. 

Tes'ty,  a.  Peevish  ;  fretful. 

Tet'a-nus,n.  The  locked-jaw. 

Tete-a-tete  (tat-ii-tatO,  n. 
Lit. ,  head  to  head ;  hence, 
private  conversation ;  a  form 
of  sofa  for  two  persons. 

Tgth'er,  v.  t.  To  confine  with 
a  rope,  as  a  horse.  —  n.  A 
rope  or  chain  to  confine  a 
beast  in  a  field. 

Tet'ra-gon,  n.  A  figure  with 
four  angles  ;  a  quadrangle. 


\  0,1,0,  u,y,Zo/ig-;  5,  e, 


y,  sliort ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  ,ill,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pYque,  firm  ; 


TETRAHEDRON 


269 


THICK 


Tet^ra-he'dron,  n. 
A  solid  figure  iui- 
closed  by  four 
equal  triangles. 

Te-tram'e-ter,  n. 
A  verse  consisting 
of  four  measures.  Tetrahe- 

Te'trar€h,  n.    A  drons. 
Roman   governor   of  the 
fourth  part  of  a  province. 

Te-trar€h'ate, )  n.  Office  or 

Tet'rar-ch-y,  )  jurisdiction 
of  a  totrarch.    [four  verses. 

Te-tras'ti-eh,  n.   A  poem  of 

Tet'ter,  n.  A  cutaneous  dis- 
ease, causing  a  troublesome 
itching. 

Teu-tdn'i€,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ancient  Germans. 

Text,  n.  A  passage  of  Script- 
ure selected  as  the  subject  of 
discourse ;  composition  on 
which  a  note  is  written. 

Text'-book,  71.  A  manual  of 
instruction ;  a  school-book. 

Text'-hand,  n.  A  large  kind 
of  writing.       [by  weaving. 

Tex'tile,  «.   Woven;  formed 

Text'u-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  contained  in,  the  text. 

Text'u-al-ist,  I  n.  One  versed 

Text'u-a-ry,   I  in  Scripture. 

T6xt'ure,n.  Manner  of  weav- 
ing ;  fabric  formed  by  weav- 
ing. 

Th3,n,  conj.  A  particle  ex- 
pressing comparison. 

Thane,  n.  An  Anglo-Saxon 
baron  or  dignitary. 

Thank,  v.  t.  To  express 
gratitude  to  for  a  favor. 

Thank'ful  (17),  a.  Full  of 
gratitude. 

Thank'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a 
thankful  manner ;  grateful- 
ly, [tude. 

Thank 'ful-ness,  n.  Grati- 

Thank'less,  a.  Unthankful; 
ungrateful. 

Thanks,  n.  pi.  Expression 
of  gratitude. 

Thanks'giv-ing,  n.  Act  of 
giving  thanks  ;  a  day  for 
publicly  expressing  grati- 
tude to  God. 

Thank'-wor'thy  (-wQr/th5'0, 
a.    Deserving  thanks. 

Th3,t,  pron.  referring  to  some- 


thing before  mentioned  or  j 
understood,  or  to  something  I 
more  remote  ;  who  ;  which,  i 
—  co7ij.  introducing  a  cause 
or  consequence. 
Thatch,  n.  Straw  for  covering 
a  roof.  —  V.  t.  To  cover  with 
straw,  reeds,  or  the  like. 
Thaw,  V.  i.  or  t.    To  melt  as 
ice  or  snow.  —  n.  The  melt- 
ing of  ice  or  snow. 
Tho,,  definite  article,  or  defini- 
tive a.  denoting  a  particular 
person  or  thing. 
The'a-ter  \  (29),  n.    A  place 
The'a-tre  j    for  dramatic  ex- 
hibitions, &c. ;   region  of 
operations  of  an  army. 
The-at'ri€,      )  a.  Pertain- 
The-^t'ri€-al,  J    ing  to,  or 

suiting,  a  theater. 
Thee,  pron.   Objective  case 

singular  of  Tkou. 
Theft,  n.    A  felonious  taking 
of  property  ;  act  of  stealing  ; 
thing  stolen. 
Their (tiiar),  a.  j?ron.  Belong- 
ing to  them. 
Tiieirg,  a.  pron.    Of  them. 
The'igm,  n.    Belief  in  a  per- 
sonal God. 
The'ist,  n.  One  who  believes 

in  a  personal  God. 
The-ist'i€,      la.  Pertaining 
The-ist'i€-al,  j    to  theism. 
Tiicm,  pron.  Objective  case 

of  Tliey. 
Theme,  n.  Subject  or  topic  ; 

essay  ;  a  radical  verb. 
Them-selves',  yvroji.,-  pi.  of 

himse'f,  herself,  or  itself. 
Then,  adv.    At  that  time  ; 
afterward ;  therefore. — conj. 
In  that  case. 
Thenge,arfy.  From  that  place 

or  time. 
Thenge 'forth,       )  adv. 
Thenge-tor'ward,  j  From 

that  time  onward. 
The-o-e'ra-gy,  n.    A  govern- 
ment immediately  directed 
by  God. 
The/o-erat'i€-al,  a.  Relating 

to  theocracy. 
The-6d'0-lite,  n.   An  instru- 
ment used  in  surveying. 
The^o-16'gi-an,  71.  One  versed 
in  theology  ;  a  divine. 


Thc/o-16g'i€,     1  a.  Pertain- 

Thc'o-log'i-c-al,  j  ing  to 
theology. 

The-61'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  God  and  divine  things. 

The-or'bo,  71.  A  musical  in- 
strument like  a  large  lute. 

The'o-rem,  n.  A  statement 
of  a  principle  to  be  demon- 
strated. 

The'o-ret'i€,     )  a.  Pertain- 

The/o-r6t'i€-al, )  ing  to 
theory  ;  speculative  ;  nok 
practical. 

The/o-ret'i€-al-ly,  adv.  In 
theory.  [theorizing. 

The'o-rist,  n.    One  given  to 

The'o-rize,  v.  i.  To  form 
theories ;  to  speculate. 

The'o-ry  (10),  n.  Specula- 
tion ;  scheme  ;  science  as 
distinct  from  art. 

Ther/a-peu'ti€,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  heaUng  art ;  cur- 
ative, [place. 

There  (tliar),  adv.   In  that 

Tiiere^a-bout',  adv.  Near 
that  place  or  number. 

Tiiere-af  t'er,  adv.  After  that. 

There-at',  adv.  At  that  place ; 
on  that  account. 

Thcre-by',  adv.  By  that ;  for 
that  cause. 

There'fore  (ttier^'for  orthar'- 
tor),  adv.  For  this  or  that 
reason ;  consequently,  [this. 

Thcre-in',  adv.    In  that  or 

Tii§re-6f'  (-off/  or  -6v/),  adu. 
Of  that  or  this.  [this. 

Tiiere-6n',  adv.    On  that  or 

There'up-bn',  adv.  Upon 
that  or  this. 

There-with'  (or  -with/),  adv. 
With  that  or  this. 

Ther'mal,  a.    Warm  ;  tepid. 

Ther-mom'e-ter,  n.  An  in- 
strument for  measuring  tem- 
perature. 

Thgr/mo-met'ri-c-al,  a.  Pt^^ 
taining  to  a  thermometer. 

Thc-sau'rus,  n.  A  treasurv^ 
a  storehouse  of  informatioi 

Tiiese,  pron. ;  pi  of  Thi?.  q 

The'sis,  n.  {pi.  The'ses,  2' 
A  theme  ;  an  essay. 

Tiiey,  pro7i.  ;  pi.  of  he, 
or  it. 

Thick,  a.    Not  thin  ;  dense 


Bon,  or,  d9,  wglf,  too,  tdbk  ;  tirn,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  e.  g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  e  as  ng  ;  thi^i 


THICKEN 


270 


THROW 


close;  gross.  —  adv.  Close- 
ly ;  in  quick  succession.  — 
n.    The  thickest  part. 

Thick'en  (thik-'n),  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  make  or  become  thick. 

Thick'et,  n.  A  collection  of 
trees  or  shrubs  closely  set. 

Thick'ly,  adv.  Closely  ; 
densely ;  deeply. 

Thick'ness,  n.  The  state  of 
being  thick ;  denseness. 

Thick'-set,  a.  Close  planted; 
having  a  short,  thick  body. 

Thief  (20),  »t.  One  who  steals. 

Thieve,  v.  i.  To  steal  or 
practice  theft ;  to  pilfer. 

Thiev'er-y,  n.  The  practice 
of  stealing;  theft. 

Thiev'ish,  a.  Given  to  theft. 

Thigh  (thi),  n.  Part  of  the 
leg  above  the  knee. 

Tliill§,  n.  pi.  Shafts  of  a 
wagon  or  other  carnage. 

Thim'ble,  n.  A  metal  cap  for 
the  finger  in  sewing. 

Thin,  a.  Not  thick  ;  lean  ; 
slender.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
thin  or  thinner ;  to  dilute ; 
to  attenuate;  to  rarefy. 

Thine,  a.  Belonging  to  thee. 

Thing,  n.  An  inanimate  ob- 
ject;  whatever  exists;  event 
or  action. 

Think,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p. 
THOUGHT.]  To  have 
ideas  ;  to  reflect  ;  to  im- 
agine ;  to  judge. 

Third,  a.  Next  after  the  sec- 
ond. —  n.  A  third  part ;  an 
interval  of  three  tones  in 
music;  {pi.)  the  third  part 
of  an  estate  to  which  a  widow 
is  entitled  by  law. 

Third'ly,  adv.  In  the  third 
place. 

Thirsty  n.  Desire  of  drink.  — 
V.  i.  'io  feel  a  want  of  drink  ; 
t©  long. 

.'hirst'y,  a.    Suffering  from 

want  of  drink  ;  dry  ;  parched. 

hir'teen,  a.  Ten  and  three. 

hir'teenth,  a.    Ordinal  of 

thirteen  ;  third  after  tenth, 
-hir'ti-eth,  a.  Next  after  the 

29th  ;  being  one  of  80  equal 

parts  of  a  thing. 

hir'ty,  a.    Tlirice  ten. 
-his,  pron.  (pi.  These.)  de- 


nothig  something  present  or 

near  in  place  or  time. 
This'lle  (thisa),  n.  A  prickly 

plant  of  several  genera. 
Thitii'er,  adv.  To  that  place, 

point,  or  result. 
Thi'th'er-v/ard,  adv.  Toward 

that  place. 
Thole,  n.    A  pin  in  the  gun- 
wale of  a  boat,  to  keep  the 

oar  in  place. 
Th6ng,  n.  A  strap  of  leather. 
The 'rax,  n.    Cavity  of  the 

chest. 

Thorn,  n.  A  prickly  tree  or 
shrub  ;  a  spine  ;  a  prickle. 

Thorn'y,  a.    Full  of  thorns. 

Thor'ough  (thur/o),  a.  Pass- 
ing through  ;  complete. 

Thor'ough-fare  (thur^o-),  n. 
A  passage. 

Thor'ough-ly  (thttr/o-),  adv. 
Completely. 

Thor'ough-wort  {thttr^o- 
wQrt),  n.  A  medicinal  plant. 

T-ho§e,  pron.  ;  pi.  of  That. 

Th.OM^pron.  denoting  the  per- 
son addressed. 

Th5ugh  (tiio),  adv.  &  conj. 
Granting  ;  admitting  ;  allow- 
ing ;  however. 

Thought  (thjiwt),  imp.  &  p. 
p.  of  Think  '.—  n.  That  which 
the  mind  thinks  ;  idea ;  con- 
ception ;  reflection  ;  notion. 

Thought'ful  (thawt/-),  a. 
Given  to  thought;  contem- 
plative ;  meditative. 

Thoughtless  (thawt^-),  a. 
Heedless  ;  careless.  [dred. 

Thou'sand,  a.  or  n.  Ten  hun- 

Thou'gandth,  a.  Ordinal  of 
thousand. 

ThralPdom  )  (9),  n.  Slavery  ; 

Thral'dom  )  bondage. 

Thrash,  v.  t.  To  beat  out 
grain  from  ;  to  beat  sound- 
ly ;  to  drub. 

Thread,  n.  A  small  twist  of 
silk,  cotton,  flax,  &c.  ;  a 
filament.  —  v.  t.  To  put  a 
thread  in  ;  to  pass  through. 

Thread'bare,  a.  out ;  \ 

common  ;  trite  ;  stale. 

Threat,  n.  Denunciation  of 
ill ;  menace.  [menace. 

Threaten  (thret/n),  v.  t.  To 

Threat'cn-ing,  a.  Indicating! 


a  threat  or  some  danger; 
imndnent ;  impending. 

Three,  a.    Two  and  one. 

Three'fold,  a.  Thrice  re- 
peated ;  consisting  of  three. 

Three'penge  (thrlp/ens),  n. 
A  coin  worth  three  pennies. 

Three's-eore,  a.  Thrice 
twenty  ;  sixty. 

Thresh,  v.  t.  To  thrash. 

Thresh'old,  n.  The  door  sill; 
entrance  ;  gate. 

Threw  (thrij),  imp.  of  Throw. 

Thrige,  adv.    Three  times. 

Thrid,  V.  t.  To  slide  or  pass 
through  ;  to  thread. 

Thrift,  n.  Wise  management; 
economy  ;  prosperity. 

Thrift'less,  a.  Extravagant ; 
prodigal ;  profuse. 

Thrift'y,  a.  Thriving  by  in- 
dustry. —  Syn.  Frugal  ; 
careful ;  economical. 

Thrill,  V.  t.  To  pierce.  —  v.  i. 
To  feel  a  sharp  tingling  sen- 
sation. —  n.  A  warbling  ;  a 
shivering  or  sharp  tingling 
sensation. 

Thrive,  i'.  i.  [imp.  thrived; 

p.p.  THRIVED,  THRIVEN.] 
To  prosper  by  industry. 

Thriv'ing  (11),  a.  Flourish- 
ing ;  prosperous. 

Throat,  n.  Fore  part  of  the 
neck  or  something  similar. 

Thr6b,  v.  i.  To  beat  forcibly  ; 
to  palpitate.  —  n.  A  strong 
pulsation. 

Throe,  n.  Extreme  pain 
anguish  ;  agony. 

Throne,  n.  A  royal  seat. 

Throng,  n.  A  crowd  of  peo- 
ple ;  a  multitude.  — v.  i.  or 
t.    To  crowd  together. 

Throt'tle,  n.    The  Avindpipe. 

—  v.  i.  or  t.  To  choke. 
Thr pugh  ( th  r (To ) ,  ;7/-f;7 .  From 

ey(d  to  end  of ;  by  means  of. 

—  tidv.  From  one  end  or 
side  to  the  other;  to  the 
end ;  to  the  ultimate  pur- 
pose. 

Thrpugh-out'  (thrcfo-outO, 
prep.  Quite  through.  — 
adv.  In  every  part. 

Throve,  imp.  of  Thrive. 

Thr5w,  V.  t.  [imp.  turhw  ; 
p.  p.  THROWN.]    To  fling  ; 


,    I,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  ii,  C,  i,  6,  ii , 5',  short ;  care,  car, ask,      wh^t f  ere,  veil,  tSrm  ;  pi'que,  firm ; 


TIIRUM 


271 


TINE 


to  cast ;  to  toss  ;  to  hurl ;  to 

send  ;  to  turn  ;  to  twist.  — 

n.  A  cast ;  a  fall. 
Thrum,  n.  Eud  of  a  weaver's 

thread. —V.  t.    To  insert 

tufts  in.  —  V.  i.    To  play 

coarsely  or  rudely. 
Thrush,  n.    A  singing  bird  ; 

nlcer.s  in  the  mouth. 
Thrust,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

THRUST.]  To  push  or  drive 

■svith  force ;  to  urge  ;  to  stab. 

—  n.  A  violent  push. 
Thug,  n.  One  of  a  religious 

association  of  robbers  and 

assassins  in  India. 
Thumb  (thQm),  n.  The  short 

thick  finger,  —v.t.  To  soil 

or  wear  with  the  thumb  or 

the  fingers. 
Thump,  V.    To  strike  or  beat 

with    something   thick  or 

heavy. — n.    A  heavy,  dull 

blow. 

Thun'der,  n.  Sound  which 
follows  lightning.  —  v.  i.  To 
discharge  electrical  fluid 
with  noise.  _  [lightning. 

Thun'der-bolt,  w.  A  shaft  of 

Thun'der-show/er,  n.  A 
shower  accompanied  with 
thunder. 

Thun'der-struck,  a.  As- 
tonished; amazed. 

Thur§'day,  n.  The  fifth 
day  of  the  week,  [manner. 

Thus  (2),  adv.    So  ;  in  this 

Thwack,  v.  t.  To  beat ;  to 
bang.  —  n.  A  heavy  blow  ; 
a  thump. 

Thwart,  v.  t.  To  cross  ;  to 
oppose.  —  a.  Being  across. 

Thy,  a.     Belonging  to  thee. 

Thyme  (tlm),  n.  A  plant. 

Th^-self,  pron.  An  empha- 
sized form  of  Thou. 


diadem  ;  the 
pope's  triple 
crown. 
Tick,  n.    Credit ; 
an    insect  ;  a' 


slight  noise  ;    a  Tiara, 
case  for  feathers.  — v.  i.  To 
run  upon  credit. 
Tick'en,  \n.  Cloth  for  bed- 
Tick'ing,  J  ticks. 
Tick'et,  n.    A  piece  of  paper 


entitling  to  some  right  or 
privilege.  —  v.  t.  To  mark 
or  distinguish  by  a  ticket. 

Tick'le,  V.  t.  To  excite  a 
peculiar  thrilling  sensation 
by  the  touch  ;  to  please. 

Tick'lish,  a.  Easily  tickled ; 
liable  to  totter  and  fall  at 
the  slightest  touch. 

TId'al,  a.    Relating  to  tides. 

Tid'bit,  71.  A  delicate  piece  of 
any  thing  eatable  ;  a  dainty. 

Tide,  n.  The  ebb  or  flow  of 
the  waters  of  the  ocean. 

Tide'-wait'er,  n.  An  officer 
who  watches  the  landing  of 
goods,  to  secure  the  pay- 
ment of  duties. 

Ti'di-ly  (13),  adv.  With  neat- 
ness and  simplicity. 

Ti'dings,  n.  pi.  News  ;  intel- 
ligence"; information. 

Ti'dy,  a.  Neat  and  simple.  — 
n.  A  pinafore ;  a  cover  for 
the  back  of  a  chair,  &c. 

Tie  (12),  V.  t.  To  bind  ;  to 
fasten.  —  n.  A  knot ;  an  ob- 
ligation ;  bond;  equality,  as 
of  votes. 

Tier,  n.  One  of  two  or  more 
rows,  one  above  another. 

Tierge  (or  terss),  n.  A  cask 
or  measure  holding  forty- 
two  wine  gallons. 

Tiff,  n.  A  small  draught  of 
liquor  ;  a  fit  of  anger,  [silk. 

Tif  fa-ny,  n.   A  kind  of  thin 

Ti'ger,  n.  An  j-* 
Asiatic  beast  ^^^^^^ 

Compact; 

close ;  tense.  Tiger. 
Tighten  (tit/n),  v.  t.  To 

make  tight  or  more  tight. 
TIght'ly  (tit/-),  adv.  Closely. 
Ti'gress,  n.  A  female  tiger. 
Til'bu-ry,  n.    A  kind  of  gig 

without  a  top. 
Tile,  n.  A  thin  piece  of  baked 

clay  for  covering  buildings, 

for  floors,  &c. — v.  t.  To 

cover  with  tiles. 
Till,  n.    A  money  box  in  a 

shop.  —  prep.    Up  to  the 

time  of.  —  V.  t.  To  plow  and 

dress,  as  land  ;  to  cultivate. 
Till'age,  n.  Culture  of  land. 


Till'er,  n.  Handle  of  a  rud- 
der ;  a  husbandman  ;  sprout 
from  a  root  or  stump. —  v.  i. 
To  put  forth  sprouts  from 
the  root  or  stump. 

Tilt,  n.  An  awning ;  a  thrust ; 
a  military  exei'cise ;  a  largo 
hammer.  —  v.t.  To  inchne 
to  thrust,  as  a  lance ;  to 
hammer  or  forge.  —  v.  i.  To 
thrust  with  a  lance  ;  to 
fight ;  to  lean  or  fall. 

Tilt'-ham'mer,  n.  A  heavy- 
hammer  in  iron  works. 

Tim'ber,  n.  Wood  for  build- 
ing, for  tools,  furniture, 
&c.  ;  a  beam.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  timber. 

Tim'brel,7i.  A  kind  of  drum. 

Time,  n.  A  particular  part 
of  duration  ;  season  ;  age  ; 
period  ;  the  present  life  ; 
repetition  ;  measure  of 
sound.  —  v.t.  To  adapt  to 
the  occasion ;  to  mark  the 
time  of. 

Time'-keep'er,  n.  A  clock  or 
watch  ;  a  time-piece. 

Time'ly,  a.  In  good  time  ; 
Reasonable.  —  adv.  Early  ; 
in  good  time. 

Time'-piege,  n.  A  clock  or 
watch  ;  a  time-keeper. 

Tlme'-serv'er,  n.  One  who 
complies  with  the  times  ;  a 
temporizer ;  a  trimmer. 

Time'-serv'ing,  a.  Obsequi- 
ously complying  with  pre- 
vailing opinions. 

Tim'id,  a.  Wanting  courage. 
—  Syn.  Fearful ;  timorous  ; 
cowardly ;  pusillanimous. 

Ti-mid'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
courage.  [id. 

Tim'o-rous,  a.  Fearful ;  tim- 

Tin,  71.  A  soft  white  metal  ; 
a  thin  plate  of  iron  covered 
with  tin.  —V.  t.  To  cover 
with  tin. 

Tin^'al.  n.    Crude  borax. 

Tin-et'ure,  n.  Spirituous  so- 
lution of  a  substance  ;  tinge 
or  shade  of  color.  — v.t.  To 
tinge ;  to  imbue. 

Tin'der,  n.  Something  very 
inflammable,  for  kindling 
fire  from  a  spark. 

Tine,  n.  A  tooth  or  prong. 


fl6n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  to-Q,  took ;  <irn,  r«e,  pi;ll;         soft ;      g,  hard;      ;  epst ;  D  as  ng ;  this. 


TIN-FOIL 


272 


TOMB 


Tin'-foil,  n.    Tin  reduced  to 

a,  thin  leaf. 
Ting,  V.  t.    To  tinkle. 
Tinge,  n.     A  color  ;  dye  ; 

tincture;  slight  taste. —  v.  t. 

To  color  ;  to  dye  ;  to  stain  ; 

to  imbue. 
Tin'gle  (ting/gl),  V.  i.  To 

feel  a  sharp   thrilling  or 

pricking  sensation. 
Tink'er,  n.    One  who  mends 

vessels  of  metal.  —  v.  To 

mend,  as  metal  wares. 
Tink'le,  v.  i.  To  make  small, 

quick,  sharp  sounds,  as  by 

striking  on  metal. 
Tink'ling,  n.  A  small,  quick, 

sharp  metallic  sound. 
Tin'man,  \n.  One  who  deals 
Tin'ner,  j    in  tin. 
Tin'ny,  a.    Relating  to,  or 

like,  tin. 
Tin'sel,  n.  A  shining  materi- 
al, more  gay  than  valuable. 

—  a.  Gaudy  ;  showy  to  ex- 
cess.—  V.  t.  (8)  To  adorn 
with  tinsel. 

Tint,  n.    A  slight  coloring. 

—  V.  t.  To  give  a  slight 
coloring  to  ;  to  tinge. 

Ti'ny,  a.  Yery  small ;  minute. 
Tip,  n.    The  end  ;  the  point. 

—  V.  t.  To  form  a  point 
upon  ;  to  lower  one  end  of, 
as  of  a  cart. 

Tip'pet,  n.  A  covering  of  fur 
for  the  neck. 

Tip'ple,  V.  i.  To  drink  strong 
liquors  habitually. 

Tip'pler,  n.  An  habitual 
drinker  of  strong  liquors. 

Tip'staff ,  n.  A  constable. 

Tip'sy,  a.  Partially  intoxi- 
cated ;  half  drunk. 

Tip't5e,  n.  The  tip  or  end 
of  the  toe. 

Ti-rade',  n.  A  strain  of 
violent  invective  or  decla- 
mation. 

Tire,  n.  A  row  or  rank  ;  a 
band  of  iron  for  a  wheel.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  To  weary  or  be- 
come weary. 

TTr'cd,  a.  Fatigued  ;  weary. 

Tire 'some,  a.  Tedious  ;  fa- 
tiguing; wearisome. 

TIre's6me-ness,  n.  Tedi- 
ousness. 


Tis'sue  (tish/shTj),  n.  Cloth 
interwoven  with  gold  or 
silver  ;  union  or  texture  of 
anatomical  elements  ;  a  con- 
nected series.  [titmouse. 

Tit,  n.     A  small  horse  ;  a 

Tit'bit,  n.  See  Tidbit. 

Tithe,  w.  Tenth  of  any  thing. 

—  V.  t.  To  tax  to  the 
amount  of  a  tenth. 

Tith'ing-man  (21),  n.  A 

parish  oliicer ;  a  kind  of 

constable. 
Tit'il-late,  v.  t.  To  tickle. 
Tit^il-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  tick- 

hng  ;  any  slight  pleasure. 
Ti'tle,  n.     An  inscription  ; 

right ;  appellation  of  honor. 

—  V.  t.  To  name  ;  to  call. 
Tit 'mouse  (21),  n.   A  small 

perching  bird. 
Tit'ter,  v.  i.    To  laugh  with 
the  tongue  against  the  up- 
per teeth,  or  with  restraint. 

—  n.    A  restrained  laugh. 
Tit'tle,  n.    A  minute  part ; 

a  point ;  a  dot ;  a  jot. 

Tit'tlc-tataicn.  Idle,  trifling 
talk  ;  an  idle  talker. 

Tit'u-lar ,  a.  Existing  in  name 
only ;  nominal. 

Tit'u-la-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  consisting  in,  a  title ; 
nominal. 

To,  prep,  indicating  approach 
and  arrival,  or  motion, 
course,  or  tendency,  [reptile. 

T5ad,  n.   A  small  well-known 

Toad'stdbl,  n.  A  fungous 
plant ;  a  mushroom. 

Toast,  V.  t.  To  dry  and 
scorch  at  the  fire ;  to  drink 
to  the  health  or  in  honor 
of.  —  n.  Bread  dried  and 
scorched ;  a  name  or  senti- 
ment, &c.,  honored  by 
drinking. 

To-ba€'€0,  n.  A  plant  used 
for  smoking  and  chewing. 

To-ba€'-eo-nist,  n.  A  dealer 
in,  or  a  manufacturer  of,  to- 
bacco. 

T6€'sin,  n.  An  alarm-bell. 
Tod,  n.  Twenty-eight  pounds. 
To-day',  n.     This  present 

day. — adv.   On  this  day. 
Tod'dle,  V.  i.    To  walk  with 

short  steps,  as  a  child. 


T6d'dy,  n.  A  mixture  of 
spirit  and  water  sweetened. 

Toe(18),n.  One  of  the  extrem- 
ities of  the  foot.  —  V.  t,  (11) 
To  touch  with  the  toes. 

To-getii'er,  adv.  In  the  same 
place  or  time;  in  company. 

Tog'gle-joint,  n.  An  r^] 
elbow  or  knee  joint.  l7 

Toil,^.  t.  To  work  hard.  // 
—  n.  (4)  Hard  labor;  w 
a  net  or  snare.  Vi 

Toi'let,  n.    A  dressing 
table ;  dress  ;  attire.  Toggle- 

ToiPsome,  a.  Labori-  joint, 
ous  ;  wearisome. 

To-kay',  n.  Wine  made  at 
Tokay,  in  Hungary. 

To'ken  (to^kn),  n.  Some- 
thing intended  to  represent 
another  thing. — Syn.  Sign ; 
note ;  symbol ;  badge. 

Told,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Tell. 

Tole,  V.  t.  To  allure  by  bait. 

T61'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  endured ;  passable. 

T61'er-a-bly,  adv.  Moder- 
ately well ;  passably. 

Tdl'er-ange,  n.  Act  of  en- 
during; toleration. 

T61'er-ant,  a.  Inclined  to 
tolerate ;  indulgent. 

T6Per-ate,  v.  t.  To  allow  by 
not  hindering ;  to  suffer. 

T6Per-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  tol- 
erating ;  sufferance. 

Toll  (1),  w.  A  tax  for  some 
liberty  or  privilege  ;  a  mill- 
er's portion  of  grain  for 
grinding;  sound  of  a  bell 
rung  slowly.  —  v.  To  ring 
with  slow  and  uniform 
strokes. 

ToU'-bridge,  n.  A  bridge 
where  toll  is  paid  for  passing. 

Toll'-gate,  n.  A  gate  where 
toll  is  paid. 

Toll'-house,  n.  A  house 
where  toll  is  taken. 

T6m'a-hawk,  n.  An  Indian 
war-hatchet.  —  v.  t.  To  cut 
or  kill  with  a  tomahawk. 

To-ma'to,  or  To-ma'to  ( pi. 
To-ma'toes,  -ma^-  or 
-m.V-,  18),  n.  A  garden-plant 
and  its  fruit. 

Tomb  (t(Tc)m),  n.  A  grave; 
a  vault  for  the  dead. 


a  5,  T,  6,  u,  y,Zong-/ 5,6,1,6,  II, 


L,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


TOMBOY 


273 


TOUCHY 


TSm'boy,  n.  A  romping  girl. 

Tomb'stone  (tobm''ston),  n. 
A  stone  at  a  grave. 

Tome,  n.  A  ponderous  vol- 
ume* 

To-m6r'r6w,  n.  Day  after 
the  present. — adv.  On  the 
day  after  this. 

T6m'titj  n.    The  titmouse* 

T6n,  n.    Prevailing  fashion. 

Ton  (tan),  n.  Weight  of  2000 
gross,  or  2240  pounds ;  40 
cubic  feet. 

Tone,M;  Sound  or  character 
of  a  sound ;  iutiection  ; 
■whine  ;  strength ;  vigor  ; 
spirit,  —  v.  t.  To  utter  with 
a  kind  of  whine  ;  to  tune. 

T6ng§,  n.  pi.  Instrument  to 
handle  fire  or  heated  metals, 
and  for  other  purposes. 

Tongue  (tung),w.  The  organ 
of  taste  and  speech,  orBome- 
thing  resembling  it  j  a  lan- 
guage ;  speech. 

Tongue'-tied  (tung^-),  a. 
Unable  to  speak  freely. 

T6n'i-e,  a.  Increasing 
strength. — n.  A  medicine 
that  increases  the  strength. 

To-night'  {-nW),  n.  This 
very  night* 

Tdn'nage  (tSn^j),  n.  Amount 
of  tons ;  duty  by  the  ton. 

Tdn'sil,  n.  One  of  two  glands 
in  the  throat. 

Ton'sure  (-shi^r),  n.  Act  of 
shaving  the  crown  of  the 
head ;  state  of  being  shorn. 

Ton-fine'  (-teen/),  n.  An  an- 
nuity or  survivorship. 

Too,  adv.  Over;  more  than 
enough ;  also. 

Took,  imp.  of  Take. 

Tool,  n.  An  instrument ;  a 
hireling.  [iar  sound. 

Toot,  V.  i.  To  make  a  pecul- 

Tdbth  (21),  n.  A  small  bone 
attached  to  the  jaw  for  chew- 
ing ;  a  prong.  — v.  t.  To  in- 
dent ;_to  furnish  with  teeth. 

Tooth'a-che  (-ak),  n.  A  pain 
i^  the  teeth. 

Tqoth'less,  a.  Wanting  teeth. 

Tooth'-pick,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  cleaning  the  teeth. 

Tooth'sdme,  a.  Pleasing  to 
the  taste ;  palatable. 


T6p,  n.  The 
highest  part; 
platform 
round  the 
head  of  tljc- 
lower  mast ; 
a  toy.  —  V.  i. 


to  cap ;  to  rise  above  or 
aloft ;  to  excel. 

T6'p3.z,  n.  A  precious  stone 
of  a  yellowish  color. 

To'per,n.  One  who  drinks  to 
excess ;  a  drunkard ;  a  sot. 

To'phet,  n.  Hell. 

T6p'i€,  n.  Subject  of  dis- 
cour.«e  ;  a  matter  treated  of. 

Top'i-c-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
place  :  limited  ;  local. 

T6p'-kn6t  (-not),  n.  An  or- 
namental bow  worn  by 
women  on  the  head. 

TSp'mast,  n.  Mast  next  above 
the  lower  mast. 

T6^'most,  a.  Uppermost ; 
highest. 

To-p6g'ra-pher,  n.  A  writer 
on  topography. 

T6p/o-graph'i-e,     1  a.  De- 

T6p/o-graph'i€-al,  j  scrip- 
tive  of  a  place. 

To-p6g'ra-phy,  n.  Minute 
delineation  and  description 
of  any  place  or  region. 

Top'ple,  V.  i.  To  pitch  for- 
ward ;  to  tumble  down. 

Torch,  n.  A  light  made  of 
some  combustible  sub- 
stance ;  a  llambeau. 

Torch'-light  (-ITt),  n.  Light 
of  a  torch,  or  of  torches. 

Tore,  imp.  from  Tear. 

Tor'ment,  n.   Extreme  pain. 

Tor-ment',  v.  t.  To  put  to 
extreme  pain,  or  anguish. 

Tor-ment'er, )  n.    One  who 

Tor-ment'or, )  torments. 

Torn,  p.  p.  of  Tear. 

Tor-na'do,  n.  A  violent  gust 
of  wind  ;  a  hurricane. 

Tor-pe'do,  n.  A  fish  having 
electric  power  ;  an  engine  for 
blowing  up  ships ;  a  small 
explosive  fire- work. 

Tor'pid,  a.  Having  lost  mo- 
tion or  the  power  of  feeling. 
—  Syn.  Numb ;  dull ;  slug- 
gish ;  inactive. 


Tor-pid'i-ty,  }  n.  Numb- 

Tor'pid-ness, )  ness  ;  in- 
sensibility ;  dullness. 

Tor'por,  n.  Numbness  ;  dull- 
ness ;  sluggishness. 

T6r're-fy,  v.  t.  To  parch  ;  to 
roast ;  to  scorch. 

Tor'rent,  n.  A  violent 
stream.  [parched. 

Tdr'rid,  a.    Burning;  hot; 

Tor'sion,  n.  Act  of  twisting; 
force  with  which  a  thing 
untwists. 

Tort,  n.  Wrong ;  injury  done, 

Tdr'toise  ^^g^^ 

a     hard      r^.    'T'  ^ 
scaly  case.  •Tortoiae. 

Tort'u-ous,  a.  Twisted  j 
winding  ;  deceitful. 

Tort'ure,  n.  Extreme  pain  ; 
anguish  ;  torment.  —  v.  t. 
To  inflict  extreme  pain 
upon ;  to  torment. 

To'ry,  n.  An  advocate  for 
royal  power ;  a  conservative. 

T6'ry-i§m,  n.  The  princi- 
ples of  tories. 

T6ss,  V.  t.  To  throw  with 
the  hand ;  to  throw  upward, 
or  with  a  jerk.  —  v.  t.  To 
roll  and  tumble  ;  to  writhe. 
—  n.   Act  of  tossing. 

To'tal,  a.  Whole;  com- 
plete ;  entire.  —  n.  The 
whole  sum  or  amount. 

To-tal'i-ty,  n.  The  whole 
sum,  quantity,  or  amount. 

T6'tal-lj,adv.  Wholly ;  com- 
pletely ;  entirely. 

Tdt'ter,  v.  i.    To  vacillate. 

Touch,  V.  t.  To  come  in  con^ 
tact  with ;  to  reach  to ;  to 
feel;  to  affect. — n.  Con- 
tact ;  sense  of  feehng  j 
feature. 

Touch'i-ness,  n.  Peevifshness 

Touch'ing,  a.  Adapted  t 
affect  the  feelings. 

Touch'-me-not^,  n.  A  plant. 

Touch'-stone,  n.  A  criterio- 
or  test. 

Totich'-wdbd,  n.  Decay e 
wood  that  easily  takes  fire. 

Touch'y,  a.  Peevish  ;  irri 
table ;  irascible. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  too,  tdbk  ;  tin,  rjje,  pi^ill ;  p,     soft,'  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


TOUGH 


274 


TRAMPLE 


Toiigh  (ttif ),  a.  Flexible  but 

not  brittle  ;  firm  ;  strong ; 

stiff;  severe;  violent. 
Tough'en  (tuf^n),  v.  To  make 

or  grow  tough. 
Tou-pee',  n.  A  small  wig. 
Tour  ( tiTor),  n.   A  journey  in 

a  circuit;  turn  of  duty. — 

Syn.    Circuit;  excursion; 

jaunt ;  journey. 
Tpur'ist  {toor^ist),  n.  One 

who  makes  a  tour. 
Tour'na-ment  (tQr/-),  n.  A 

mock-fight  or  martial  sport 

on  horseback. 
Tour'ni-quet  (-ket),  n.  A 

surgical  bandage  which  is 

tightened  by  a  screw. 
Tou§e,  v.t.  To  pull  and  haul. 
Tow,  n.   Coarse  and  broken 

part  of  flax  or  hemp.  —  v.  t. 

To  draw  through  the  water 

by  a  rope. 
Tow'age,  n.    Act  of  towing ; 

price  for  towing. 
To'ward  (tabard),     )  prep. 
To'wardg  (to^ardz),  )  In  the 

direction  of;  with  respect 

to ;  near  by. 
To'ward,  a.    Apt ;  docile  ; 

teachable ;  tractable,  [learn. 
To'ward-ly,  a.  Ready  to 
Tow'el,  n.  A  cloth  for  wiping 

the  hands,  &c. 
Tow'er,  n.  A  high  edifice  ;  a 

citadel.  —  v.  i.  To  be  lofty  ; 

to  soar  aloft. 
Tow'er-ing,  a.   Very  high; 

elevated  ;  soaring. 
Tow'-line,  n.  A  rope  for  tow- 
ing a  ship,  &c. 
Town,  n.   A  large  collection 

of  houses;  the  inhabitants. 
Town'ship,  n.  Territory  or 

district  of  a  town. 
Towng'man  (21),  n.    One  of 

the  same  town. 
Town'- talk  {-tawk),n.  Com- 
mon talk  of  a  place. 
^T6x/i-e61'o-gy,  n.    The  sci- 
ence which  treats  of  poisons. 
Toy,  n.  A  plaything ;  a  trifle  ; 

folly  ;  sport. — v.  i.  To  dally  ; 

to  trifle.         [deals  in  toys. 
"[Toy'inan  (21),  n.    One  who 
Toy'-sh6p,  n.  A  shop  where 
^    toys  are  sold. 
Trage,  n.     A  footprint;  a 


track ;  a  vestige  ;  mark  ; 
token  ;  {pi.)  the  straps  of  a 
harness  for  drawing.  —  v.  t. 
to  delineate  by  marks  ;  to 
follow  by  footprints  or  some 
other  mark,    [being  traced. 

Trage'a-ble  (ll),a-  Capable  of 

Tra'ger-y,  n.  Ornamental 
work  in  architecture. 

Tra'-ehe-a,  n.   The  windpipe. 

Track  (5),  n.  A  footstep; 
path  ;  road,  as  of  a  railway. 

—  V.  i.  To  follow  by  traces. 
Track'less,  a.    Having  no 

track ;  untrodden. 

Tra€t,  n.  Region  of  indefinite 
extent ;  a  short  treatise,  esp. 
one  on  practical  religion. 

Tra-et'a-ble,  a.  Easily  man- 
aged ;  docile. 

Tra€t''a-bil'i-ty,  n.  State  or 
quality  of  being  manageable. 

Tr3,-e'tate,  n.    A  treatise. 

Traet'ile,  a.  Capable  of  being 
drawn  out  in  length. 

Tra-e-til'i-ty,  n.  Capacity  of 
being  drawn  out  in  length. 

Tra-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  drawing. 

Tra€'tive,  a.  Serving  to 
draw ;  attracting. 

Trade,  n.  Commerce  ;  traffic, 
business  ;  calling.  —  v.  i.  To 
buy  or  sell ;  to  traffic  ;  to 
deal.  [trade. 

Trad'er,  n.    One  engaged  in 

Trades'man  (21),  n.  A  shop- 
keeper. 

Trade'- wind,  n.  A  periodi- 
cal wind  across  the  ocean  in 
or  near  the  torrid  zone. 

Tra-di'tion  (-dish/un),n.  De- 
livery ;  oral  account  trans- 
mitted from  father  to  son. 

Tra-di'tion-al     I  (-dish^- 

Tra-di'tion-a-ry  j  un-),a. 
Delivered  or  communicated 
by  tradition. 

Tra-diiQe',  v.  t.  To  defame ; 
to  slander ;  to  vilify. 

Tr3;f' fie,  n.  Dealing  for  pur- 
poses of  any  kind.  —  Syn. 
Commerce  ;  trade  ;  barter. 

—  t'.  ?.  (6)  To  buy  and  sell ; 
to  barter  ;  to  trade. 

Traf'fick-er  (6),  w.  A  trader. 
Tra-ge'di-an,  n.    An  actor 

or  a  writer  of  tragedies. 
TrS,^'e-dy,  n.     A  dramatic 


poem  representing  some  ac- 
tion having  a  fatal  issue. 

Trag'i-e.     I  a.    Relating  to 

Trag'i-e-al, )  tragedy  ;  fat^l ; 
calamitous ;  mournful, 

Trag/i-eom'e-dy,  n.  A  com- 
position partaking  of  the 
nature  both  of  tragedy  and 
comedy. 

Trail,  v.  t.  ov  i.  To  draw 
along  the  ground.  —  n. 
Scent  left  on  the  ground ;  a 
track  ;  any  thing  drawn. 

Train,  v.  t.  To  draw  along ; 
to  trail ;  to  allure  ;  to  exer- 
cise ;  to  discipline  ;  to  edu- 
cate, or  bring  up.  —  n. 
Something  drawn  along  ; 
trail  ;  tail  ;  retinue ;  pro- 
cession ;  line,  as  of  cars ; 
series;  process. 

Train'-b3,nds ,  n.  pi.  Militia. 

Train'-oil,  n.  Oil  obtained 
from  the  blubber  or  fat  of 
whales  by  boiling. 

Traipse,  v.  i.  To  walk  slut- 
tishly  or  carelessly. 

Trait,  n.  A  stroke ;  a  marked 
feature  or  peculiarity. 

Trai'tor,  n.  One  who  vio- 
lates his  allegiance  or  his 
trust;  one  guilty  of  treason. 

Trai'tor-oiis,  a.  Treacher- 
ous ;  guilty  of  treason ; 
faithless;  disloyal. 

Trai'tress,  n.  A  female  trai- 
tor, [cast  through. 

Tra-jg-et',  v.  t.    To  throw  or 

Tra-je€'tion,  n.  A  throwing 
or  casting  through  or  across. 

Tra-je€t'o-ry,  n.  A  curve 
which  a  moving  body  de- 
scribes in  space. 

Tr3,m,  n.  A  coal-wagon,  or 
one  of  the  rails  on  which  it 
runs. 

Tram'mel,  n.  A  shackle  ;  a 
hook.  —  f.  (8)  To  catoh ; 
to  shackle  ;  to  confine. 

Tra-m6n'tane,  or  Tram'on- 
tane,  a.  Lying  or  being  be- 
yond the  mountain ;  foreign; 
barbarous. 

TrS-mp,  V.  To  tread;  to 
travel. —  n.  Afoot-traveler. 

Tr^mp'er,  n.  One  who 
tramps  ;  a  vagrant.  [foot. 

Tram'ple,  v.  t.  To  tread  under 


aa,5,i,o,ii,y,Zo»g',-     6,1,6,  u. 


short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tT-tm  ;  pYque,  firm  ; 


TRANCE 


275 


TRANSPOSE 


Tr^nge,  n.  A  state  of  insen- 
sibility ;  catalepsy ;  ecstasy. 

Tran'quil  (truijk/wil),  a. 
Quiet ;  calm  ;  pea^ttful ;  un- 
disturbed. 

Tran'quil-ize  )  (7),  v.  t.  To 

Tran'quil-lize  j  quiet ;  to 
render  calm  ;  to  allay. 

Tran-quiPli-ty  (7),  Quiet- 
ness ;  a  calm  state. 

Tran'quil-ly,  adv.  Peace- 
fully ;  quietly  ;  calmly. 

Trans-^ct',  v.  t.  To  do ;  to 
perform ;  to  conduct. 

Trans-^€'tion,  n.  Perform- 
ance ;  management ;  act  or 
affair.  [transacts. 

Trans-3,-et'or,  n.    One  who 

Traiis-al'pine,  a.  Being  be- 
yond the  Alps  in  regard  to 
Rome. 

Tra,ns^at-ian'ti-c,  a.  Being 
beyond,  or  on  the  other  side 
of,  the  Atlantic. 

Tran-sgend',  v.  t.  To  go  be- 
yond ;  to  surpass  ;  to  exceed. 

Tran-sgend'enge,  n.  State 
of  being  transcendent ;  su- 
pereminent. 

Tran-sgend'ent,  a.  Surpass- 
ing ;  pre-eminent. 

Tr^-n/sgend-enfal,  a.  Su- 
pereminent  ,•  surpassing 
others;  vague  and  illusive. 

Tran-sgend'ent-ly,  adv.  Su- 
pereminently ;  most  excel- 
lently. 

Tran-s€ribe',  v.  t.  To  copy  ; 
to  Avrite  over  again,  or  in  the 
same  words.      [an  original. 

Tran's^ript,  n.  A  copy  from 

Tran-S€rip'tion,  n.  Act  of 
transcribing,  or  copying. 

Tran'sept,  n.  Part  of  a 
church  at  right  angles  to 
the  body. 

Trans-fer',  v.  t.  To  convey 
from  one  place  or  person  to 
another ;  to  sell ;  to  alienate. 

Trans'fer,  n.  Conveyance  to 
another  ;  removal. 

Trans-fer'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transferred. 

Trans'fer-enge,  )  n.  Act  of 

Trans-fer'renge, )  transfer- 
ring; transfer. 

Trans-fer'ri-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transferred. 


Trans-fig/u-ra'tion,  n.  A 
change  of  form  or  appear- 
ance. 

Trans-fig'ure,  t?.  t.  To 
change  the  outward  form  or 
appearance  of. 

Trans-fix',  v.  t.  To  pierce 
through. 

Trans-form',  v.  ^  To  change 
the  form  or  appearance  of; 
to  metamorphose. 

Trans^for-ma'tion,  n.  Meta- 
morphosis ;  change  of  form. 

Trans-fuge',  v.  t.  To  pour 
out  of  one  into  another. 

Trans-fu'§ion,  n.  Act  of 
pouring  from  one  vessel  into 
another. 

Trans-gr6ss',  v.  t.  To  over- 
pass, as  a  rule  ;  to  break  ; 
to  violate.  —  v.  i.    To  sin. 

Trans-gres'sion  (-gresh^un), 
n.    Violation  of  a  law  ;  sin. 

Trans-gress'or,  n.  One  who 
transgresses. 

Tran'sient  (-shent)  a.  Pass- 
ing ;  hasty  ;  not  stationary. 

Tran'sient-ly,  adv.  For  a 
short  time. 

Tran'sit,  n.  A  passing,  as  of 
goods  through  a  country, 
or  as  a  planet  over  the  sun's 
disk  ;  a  line  of  passage. 

Tran-si'tion  (-sizh/un  or 
-zYsh''uu),  n.  Passage  from 
one  place  or  state  to  an- 
other; change. 

Tran-si'tion-al  (-sizh^un-  or 
-zish^un-),  a.  Involving,  or 
denoting,  transition. 

Tran'si-tive,  a.  Expressing 
action  passing  from  an  agent 
to  an  object. 

Tran'si-to-ry,  a.  Continu- 
ing but  a  short  time  ;  fleet- 
ing ;  transient. 

Trans-late',  v.  t.  To  re- 
move ;  to  render  into  another 
language  ;  to  interpret  ;  to 
explain  in  other  words. 

Trans-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
translating ;  that  which  is 
translated ;  a  version. 

Trans-la'tor,  n.  One  who 
translates. 

Trans-lu'gent,  a.  Transmit- 
ting rays  of  light,  but  not 
transparent. 


Tr3,ns'ma-rme'  (-recn/),  a. 
Lying  beyond  the  sea. 

Trans'mi-grate,  v.  i.  To 
pass  from  one  conntry  or 
body  to  another. 

Trans^mi-gra'tion,  n.  A 
passing  frouj  one  country  or 
body  to  another. 

Trans-mis'si-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mis'sion  (-mish/un), 
n.  Act  of  transmitting  ;  state 
of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mis'sive,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mit',  v.  t.  To  send 
from  one  person  or  place  to 
another.  [sion. 

Trans-mit'tal,n.  Transmis- 

Trans-mu'ta-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  transmuted. 

Trans''mu-ta'tion,n.  Change 
into  another  substance,  na- 
ture, or  form. 

Trans-mute',  v.  t.  To  change 
into  another  substance,  na- 
ture, or  form  ;  to  transform. 

Tran'som,  n.  A  cross-beam. 

Trans-par'en-gy,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  transparent. 

Trans-par 'ent,  a.  Transmit- 
ting rays  of  light,  so  that 
bodies  can  be  distinctly 
seen  ;  clear. 

Trans-pierge',  v.  t.  To  pierce 
through. 

Tran^spi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
passing  through  pores. 

Tran-spire',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
emit  in  vapor ;  to  become 
publicly  known. 

Trans-pia,nt',  v.  t.  To  re- 
move and  plant  in  another 
place. 

Trans^plan-ta'tion,  n.  Act 

of  planting  in  another  place. 
Trans'port,  n.    A  ship  fo 

transportation  ;  passion 

ecstasy  ;  rapture. 
Trans-port',  v.  t.  To  convey 

to  carry  into  banishment 

to  ravish  with  pleasure. 
Trans^por-ta'tion,  n.  Act  o 

transporting ;  banishment. 
Trans-pos'al,  n.      Act  o 

transposing. 
Trans-pose',  v.  t.    To  pu 

each  in  place  of  the  other. 


i!6n,  dr,  do,  wolf,  too,  tobk ;  tarn,  rye,  pi.ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;      g,  hard;  a§  ;  epst ;  q  as  ng  ;  thi 


TRANSPOSITION 


276 


TEIAD 


To  trap ;  to 

A  snare. 

A  door  in  a 


Trans^po-gi'tion  (-zish^un), 
n.  Mutual  change  of  places. 

Trans-ship',  v.t.  To  trans- 
fer from  one  ship  or  convey- 
ance to  another. 

Tran '  sub  -  stan  /  ti  -  a '  tion, 
(-shi-a^-),  n.  A  supposed 
change  of  the  bread  and 
wine,  in  the  eucharist,  into 
the  real  body  and  blood  of 
Christ. 

Tran-sude',t'.  i.  To  pass  out 

through  the  pores,  as  sweat. 
Trans' verse,  n.   The  longer 

axis  of  an  ellipse. 
Trans-verse',  a.   Lying  in  a 

cross  direction. 
Trap,  n.    A  contrivance  for 

catching  animals  ;  a  snare  ; 

a  heavy  igneous  rock.  —  v.t. 

or  t.    To  catch  in  a  trap  ;  to 

insnare. 
Tra-pan',  v.  t. 

insnare.  —  n. 
Trap'-ddbr,  n. 

floor  or  roof. 
Tra-pe'zi-um,  n. 

A  plane  figure 

contained  under 

four  right  lines, 

of  which  no  two  Trapezium, 

are  parallel. 
Trap'e-zoid,  n.  A 

plane,  four-sided 

figure,  having 

two  of  the  oppo-  Trapezoid. 

site  sides  parallel  to  each 

other.  [ments. 
Trap'ping§,  n.  pi.  Orna- 
Tr^sh,  n.      Any  waste  or 

worthless  matter. 
Trash' y,  a.  Waste ;  worthless. 
Trav'ail,  v.  i.    To  toil ;  to 

suffer  the  pains  of  child- 
birth.—n.     Toil;  labor  in 

childbirth. 
Tr^v'el  (8),  v.  i.    To  make  a 

journey  or  voyage ;  to  go. 

—  n.    A  journey  or  voyage, 
Tr^v'el-er  l(8),«.  One  who 
Trav'el-ler )  travels. 
Tr3,v'erse,  a.    Lying  across. 

—  V.  t.    To  cross  ;  to  deny. 

—  n.  A  barrier  or  obstruc- 
tion ;  a  denial. 

Traves-ty,  n.  A  parody.  — 
V.  t.  To  translate  so  as  to 
turn  to  ridicule  ;  to  parody. 


Tray,  n.   A  waiter  or  salver ; 

a  small  trough. 
Treach'er-ous,  ct.  Faithless; 

false ;  perfidious. 
Treach'er-y,  n.  Violation  of 

faith  ;  perfidy. 
Trea'-ele,  n.    A  thick  sirup 
produced  in  refining  sugar  ; 


Tr6ad,  v.  i.  [imp.  trod  ;  p. 

p.  TROD,    TRODDEN.]  To 

Step ;  to  set  the  foot ;  to 
walk.  — u.  t.     To  step  or 
walk  on  ;  to  trample.  —  n. 
Manner  of  stepping. 
Trgad'le,  )  n.    The  part  of 
Tred'dle, )    a   loom,  &c., 
which  is  moved  by  the  foot. 
Tread'-mill,  n.  A  mill  worked 
by  persons  treading  on  a 
wide  horizontal  wheel. 
Trea'§on,  n.     Violation  of 

allegiance;  disloyalty. 
Trea'son-a-ble,  a.  Partak- 
ing "of,   or  pertaining  to, 
treason :  traitorous. 
Tr6a§'ure     (trezh/ijr),  n. 
Wealth  accumulated ;  great 
abundance;   that  which  is 
highly  valued. —  V.  t.  To 
lay  up  ;  to  hoard. 
Trea§'ur-er,  n.    An  ofl&cer 

in  charge  of  a  treasury. 
Trea§'ur-y  { trezh/ijr- ) ,  n.  A 
place  where  public  money 
is  kept  ;    financial  depart- 
ment of  a  government. 
Treat,  v.  t.  or  i.    To  handle  ; 
to  use  ;  to  manage  ;  to  ne- 
gotiate;  to  entertain. — n. 
Entertainment  given. 
Trea'tise  (18),  n.    A  written 

discourse;  a  dissertation. 
Treat'ment,  n.    Manner  of 

treating ;  management. 
Trea'ty  (19),  n.     A  formal 
agreement  between  two  or 
more  independent  states  or 
sovereigns.  — Syn.  Nego- 
tiation ;  compact. 
Treb'le,a.  Threefold;  triple. 
—  V.   To  make  or  become 
threefold.— n.  Highest  part 
in  music ;  soprano. 
Treb'ly.  adv.   In  a  threefold 

number  or  quantity. 
Tree  (18),  n.    The  largest  of 
1     the  vegetable  kind  ;  a  per- 


ennial plant  consisting  of  a 
trunk,  roots, and  branches. 
Tree'nail  {coinmonly  pron. 
trun/ntl),  n.  A  long  wooden 
pin  to  fasten  the  planks  of  a 
ship. 

Tre'foil,  n.  A  A'^M. 
three  -  leaved  ^  ®3> 
plant  of  many  Trefoils, 
species ;  an  architectural  or- 
nament of  three  cusps  in  a 
circle. 

Trel'lis,  n.  A  frame  of  cross- 
barred  work ,  or  lattice-work, 
used  for  various  purposes. 
Trem'ble,  v.  i.  To  shake  or 
quake ;  to  quiver  ;  to  shud- 
der ;  to  quaver. 
Tre-mgn'dcus,  a.  Terrible ; 

awful;  frightful. 
Tre'mor,  or  Trem'or,  n.  An 

involuntary  trembling. 
Trem'u-lous,  a.  Trembling; 

shaking;  quivering. 
Trench,  v.  t.    To  cut  or  dig, 
as  a  ditch. —r.i.    To  en- 
croach.—n.  A  ditch  ;  a  fosse. 
Tren'chant,  a.  Cutting; 

sharp  ;  severe  ;  unsparing. 
Trench'er,  n.    One  who  digs 

a  trench  ;  a  wooden  plate. 
Trench'er-man  (21),  n.  A 
great  eater ;  a  gormandizer. 
Trend,  v.  i.  To  run  ;  to  tend. 
Tre-pan',  n.    A  cylindrical 
saw   for    perforating  the 
skull,  —  r.  t.  To  cut  with  a 
trepan,  as  the  skull. 
Tre-phine',  or  Tre-phine', 
n.  A  circular  or  cylindrical 
saw  for  trepanning. 
Trep'i-da'tion,  n.    A  trem- 
bling :  a  state  of  terror. 
Tres'pass,  V. To  intrude; 
to  transgress ;  to  offend.  — 
n.    Violation  of  another's 
rights;  transgression. 
Tress,  n.    A  braid,  knot,  or 

curl  of  hair ;  a  ringlet. 
Trgs'tle  (tresa),  n.    A  framd 

to  support  any  thing. 
Tr6t,  n.    An  allowance  for 
waste,  after  tare  is  deduct^'d. 
Trev'et,  n.    A  three-legged 
stool.  [or  dit'e. 

Trey,  n.   The  three  at  cards 
Tri'ad,  n.   A  union  of  three ; 
three  things  united. 


i,  6, 1, 0,  a,  5^,  long ;  5,  e,    6,  ti,    short ;  cSre,  car,  &Bk,  aU,  wh^t ;  Sre,  vfiil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


TRIAL 


277 


value  or  importance.  —  v.  i. 
To  act  or  talk  with  levity. 
Tri'fling,  a.  Of  little  value  or 
importance;  trivial.  —  n. 
Employment  in  things  of 
no  importance. 
Trl-f6'li-ate,a.  Having  three 
leaves.  [form  or  shape. 

Triform,  a.  Having  a  triple 
Trig  (T),  v.  t.     To  stop  or 

fa.sten,  as  a  wheel. 
Trig'ger,  n.    Catch  of  a  gun 
or  pistol. 

Ilaving   TrPglyph,n.  An  ornament  in 
the  frieze  of  Doric  columns. 
Trig/o-no-met'ri-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  trigonometry. 
Trig/o-n6m'e-try,n.  Art  of 

measuring  triangles. 
TrPgr^ph,  n.    Three  letters 

used  to  express  one  sound, 
Tri-he'dral,  a.  Ilaving  three 

equal  sides  or  faces. 
Tri-he'dron,  n,     A  figure 

having  three  equal  sides. 
Tri-iat'er-al,a.  Having  three 
sides.  [three  letters, 

paid  as  an  acknowledgment  ,  Tri-lit'er-al,  a.  Consisting  of 
of  submission.        [instant.  |  Trill  (1),   n.      A  shake 


Tri'al,  n.  Act  of  trying ;  exam- 
ination ;  experiment ;  test. 

Tri'an-gle,  n.  A  figure  of 
three  angles  and  three  sides. 

Triangles. 
1,  equilateral  triangle;  2,  isosceles 
triangle;  3,  right-angled  trian- 
gle; 4,  obtuse-angled  triangle; 
5,  scalene  triangle.  1,  2,  and  .5, 
are  also  acute-angled  triangles. 

Tri-an'gu-lar,  a. 

three  angles.  I 
Tribe,  n.    A  family  or  race  ; 

a  class  or  division,  [liiction.  1 
Trib/u-la'tion,  n.  A  great  af- 
Trl-bu'nal,  n.    A  court  of  [ 

justice.  I 
Trib'iine,  n.  An  ancient  Ro-  I 

man  magistrate  ;  a  kind  of 

pulpit. 

Trib'u-ta-ry,  a.  Subject  to 
triluute;  paying  tribute.— 
n.  One  who  pays  tribute. 

Trib'ute,n.  A  periodica!  tax 


A  short  time; 
An  artifice  for  the 


TriQe,  n. 
Trick,  n. 

purpose  of  deception ;  strat-  ] 
agem;  wile. — v.  t.  To; 
cheat ;  to  deceive  ;  to  deco- 
rate. 

Trick'er-y,    n.      Artifice  ; 

knavery  ;  dressing  up.  [ful.  j 
Trick'ish,  a.  Knavishly  art- 
Trick'le,  V.  i.  \  To  flow  in 

small,  slow  dro'ps.  [cheat. 
Trick'ster,  n.  A  deceiver ;  a 
Tri'-eol-ored,  a.  Composed 

of  three  colors. 
Tri-€US'pid,  a.  Having  three 

cusps,  or  points. 
Tri'dent,  n.    A  scepter  with 

three  prongs. 
Tri-dent'ate,    a.  Having 

three  prongs. 
Tri-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 

every  third  year;  lasting 

three  years. 
Tri-gn'iii-al-ly,   adv.  Once 

in  three  years. 
Tri'er,  w.  One  who  tries. 
Tri'fid,  a.  Divided  into  three 

parts. 

Tri'fle,  n.    A  thing  of  little 


quaver  of  the  voice  in  sing 
ing. — V.  t.    To  quaver  or 
shake ;  to  flow  in  drops. 
Trill'ion  (tril/yun),  n.  In 
Eng. ,  a  million  raised  to  the 
third  power;   in  Amer.^  a 
thousand  billions. 
Trim,  a.    Nice  ;  neat ;  com- 
pact ;  tight,  —v.t.ov  i.  To 
make  trim ;   to  dress  ;  to 
prune  ;  to  balance,  as  a  ves- 
sel. —  V.  i.  To  fluctuate  in- 
tentionally between  parties. 
—  n.  Dress ;  condition. 
Trim'mer ,  n.  One  who  trims  ; 

a  time-server. 
Trim'ming,  n.  Ornamental 
appendages,  as  of  a  garment, 
Trine,  a.      Threefold.  —  n. 
Distance  of  120  degrees  be- 
tween planets. 
Trin'i-ta'ri-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  Trinity. —n.  One 
who  believes  in  the  Trinity. 
Trm'i-ty,  n.    Union  of  three 
persons  (Father,  Son,  and 
Holy  Spirit)  in  one  Godhead. 
Trink'et,  n.    A  small  orna- 
ment, as  a  jewel  or  ring. 


TEITURATE 

Tri-no'ml-al,  w.  A  quantity 
consisting  of  three  terms. 

Tri'o,  or  Tri'o  (18),  n.  A 
piece  of  music  for  three  per- 
formers ;  three  together. 

Trip,!'.  To  step  lightly  and 
quickly ;  to  stumble  ;  to 
err.  —  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
trip  ;  to  supplant.  —  ».  Ex- 
cursion ;  stumble  ;  error. 

Trip'ar-tite,or  Tri-part'Ite, 
a.  Divided  into  three  parts. 

Tripe,  w.  The  large  stomach 
of  the  ox,  cow,  &c.,  pre- 
pared for  food. 

Tri-per'son-al,  a.  Consisting 
of  three  persons. 

Trip'-ham'mer,  n.  A  heavy 
hammer  moved  by  project- 
ing teeth  on  a  revolving 
shaft. 

Triph'thong  (trif^-  or  trip'-), 
n.  A  union  of  three  vo\yels 
in  a  s)  liable,  as i<?u  in  adieu. 
Triph'thdn'gal  (trif-  or 
trip-),  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
triphthong. 
Trip'le  (trip/l),  a.  Treble; 
threefold .  —  v.t.  To  make 
threefold ;  to  treble. 
Trip'let,  n.  Three  verses  that 

rhvme  ;  three  of  a  kind. 
Trip'li-cate,  a.  Threefold. 
Tri-pliQ'i-ty,  n.   State  of  be- 
ing threefold.      [three  feet. 
Tri'pod,  n.     A  stool  with 
Tri-se-et',  v.  t.    To  cut  into 

three  equal  parts. 
Tri-se€'tion,  n.    A  division 

into  three  equal  parts. 
Tris/yl-iab'i<;,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  three  syllables. 
Tri-syl'la-ble,  n.     A  word 
composed  of  three  syllables. 
Trite,  a.    Worn  out ;  stale  ; 

hackneyed  ;  common. 
Tri'the-i§ra,  n.    A  belief  in 

three  Gods. 
Tri'the-ist,  w.    One  who  b^^ 

lieves  in  three  Gods. 
Triahe-ist'i€,  a.  Pertainin 

to  tri theism. 
Trit'u-ra-ble,  a.   Capable  c  * 

being  triturated. 
Trit'u-rate,  v.  t.    To  redue 
to  a  fine  powder  by  pound 
ing  or  grinding  ;  to  grind 
to  pound. 


XT 


son,  ©r,  dQ,  wglf,  to-Q,  to^ok  ;  Orn,  rije,  p^U  ;     ^,  soft ;     g,  hard  ;  a^  ;  exist ;  a  as  ng , 


mi 


TRITURATION 


278 


TUB 


Trit/u-ra'tion,M.  Act  of  trit- 
urating;, 

Tri'umph,  n.  Pomp  or  joy 
for  victory  or  success ;  vic- 
tory. —  V.  t.  To  rejoice  at 
success  ;  to  obtain  victory ; 
to  prevail. 

Tri-umph'al,    )  a.  Celebrat- 

Tri-umph'ant,  j  ing  victory. 

Tri-um'vir,  n.  One  of  three 
men  united  in  office. 

TrI-um'vi-rate,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  three  men. 

TrPvine,  a.  Being  three  in  one. 

Tri-u'ni-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
triune.         [stool  or  table. 

Triv'et,  n.    A  three-legged 

Triv'i-al,  a.  Trifling  ;  hght ; 
worthless  ;  inconsiderable. 

Tro'-ear,  n.  An  instrument 
to  tap  dropsical  persons. 

Trod,  imp.  Sc  p.  p.  of  Tread. 

Trod'den,  p.  p.  of  Treacf. 

Troll,  V.  t.  To  roll ;  to  turn ; 
to  utter  volubly ;  to  entice ; 

—  V.  i.  To  fish  by  drawing 
the  bait  through  the  water. 

Trol'lop,  n.    A  slattern. 
Trom-bone',  n.  A  deep-toned 

brass   instrument  of  the 

trumpet  kind. 
Troop,  n.    A  company,  esp. 

of  soldiers  ;  an  army.  —  v. 

i._To  march  in  a  body. 
Troop'er,  n.  A  horse-soldier. 
Trope,  n.  Use  of  a  word  in  a 

figurative  sense. 
Tr5'phied,  a.    Adorned  with 

trophies. 
Tro'phy  (19),  «.  A  memorial 

of  victory  in  battle. 
Tr6p'i€,  11.  Line  that  bounds 

the  sun's  greatest  declina- 
tion from  the  equator. 
Tr6p'i€-al,  a.   Pertaining  to, 

or  being  within,  the  tropics  ; 

figurative  ;  metaphorical, 
"rot,  V.  i.  To  move  in  a  trot. 

—  n.    A  peculiar  pace  of  a 
horse,  faster  than  a  walk, 
roth,  n.    Truth  ;  fidelity, 
rot'ter,  n.    A  beast  that 
trots  ;  foot,  as  of  a  slieep. 
roub'lc,  V.  t.    To  disturb  ; 
to  annoy.  —  n.  Disturb- 
ance ;  annoyance, 
roub'le-some,  a.  Giving 
trouble.  —  Syn.  Harassing  ; 


annoying ;  wearisome  ;  vex- 
atious, [order. 

Troub'lous,  a.    Full  of  dis- 

Trdugh  (trawf),  n.  A  long 
hollow  vessel  or  receptacle. 

Trounge,  v.  t.  To  beat  or 
punish  severely. 

Trow'sers,  \n.  pi.  Loose 

Trou'gers*  )  pantaloons. 

Trous-seau'  (trob-soO,  w. 
Outfit  of  a  bride. 

Trout  (24),  n.  A  fresh-water 
fish  of  the  salmon  kind, 
esteemed  most  delicate  food. 

Tro'ver,  n.  An  action  for 
goods  found  and  not  dehv- 
ered  to  the  owner  on  de- 
mand. 

Trdw,  V.  i.  To  suppose  or 
think. 

Trow'el,  n.  A  tool  for  laying 
bricks  and  stones  in  mortar. 

Troy '-weight  (-wat),  n.  A 
weight  "of  12  oz.  to  the 
pound,  for  weighing  gold, 
silver,  &c. 

Tru'ant,  a.  Idle  ;  wandering 
from  school.  —  n.  An  idler  ; 
a  boy  who  absents  himself 
from  school  without  leave. 

TruQe,  n.  A  temporary  ces- 
sation of  hostilities  for  ne- 
gotiation ;  brief  quiet. 

Truck,  V.  To  barter.  —  n. 
Exchange  of  goods  ;  barter  ; 
a  low  cart ;  a  small  solid 
wheel. 

Truck'le,  n.  A  small  wheel. 
—  V.  i.  To  yield  obsequi- 
ously. 

Truck'le-b6d,  n.  A  low  bed 

that  runs  on  little  wheels. 
Truck'man  (21),  n.  One  who 

conveys  goods  on  a  truck. 
Tru'-eu-lenge,  n.    Savage  fe- 

roctity  or  cruelty. 
Tru'€u-lent,   a.       Fierce  ; 

cruel ;  of  savage  aspect. 
Trudge,  v.  i.  To  go  on  foot ; 

to  jog  along  heavily. 
True,  a.  Conformable  to  fiict 

or  a  pattern  ;  exact ;  right  ; 

genuine  ;  real ;  faithful. 
Truffle  (trij/fl),  n.  A  kind  of 

subterraneous  mushroom. 
Tru'ism,  n.  An  undoubted  or 

self-evident  truth. 
Trull,  n.  A  low,  lewd  woman. 


Tru'ly  (10),  arfv.  Certainly; 

really  ;  exactly. 
Trump,  n.   A  winning  card  ; 
a  trumpet. — v.  t.  or  V.  To 
win  with  a  trump  ;  to  de- 
vise ;  to  fabricate. 
Trump'er-y,  /i.  Empty  talk  ; 

trities  ;  rubbish. 
Trump'et,  n.  A  wind  instru- 
ment of  music.  —  V.  t.  To 
publish,  by  sound  of  trump- 
et ;  to  proclaim. 
Trump'et-er,  n.    One  who 

sounds  a  trumpet. 
Trun'€ate,  v.  t.  To  cut  off. 
Trun'-ca-ted,  a.  Cut  or  lop- 
ped off  short.  [eating. 
Trun-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of  trun- 
Trun-gheon  (truu^shun),  n. 

A  short  staff ;  a  club. 
Trun'die,  v.  i.  To  roll,  as  ou 
little  wheels,  or  as  a  hoop. 
—  n.  A  httle  wheel. 
Trun'dle-bed,  n.  A  low  bed 

moved  on  little  wheels. 
Trunk,  n.  Stem  or  body  of  a 
tree  ;  body  of  an  animal  ; 
the  proboscis  of  an  ele- 
phant; a  box  or  chest  for 
containing  clothes,  &c. 
Trun'nion  (trun^yun),  w.  A 
knob  on  each  side  of  a  can- 
non, to  support  it. 
Truss  (2),  n.  A  bundle,  as  of 
hay  ;  a  bandage  for  rup- 
tures. —  V.  t.    To  pack  or 
bind  close  ;  to  skewer. 
Trust,  n.   Confidence ;  faith  ; 
credit  given.  —  v.  t.  To  rely 
on  ;  to  believe  ;  to  sell  on 
credit  to.  —  v.  i.  To  be  con- 
fident ;  to  confide. 
Trust-ee'  (18),  n.     One  to 
whom  property  is  legally 
committed  in  trust. 
Trust'i-ly,  adv.    In  a  trusty 
manner.  [honesty. 
Trust'i-ness,   n.    Fidelity  ; 
Trust'y,  a.  Worthy  of  trust. 
Truth,  n.    Conformity  to  re- 
ality or  fact  ;  fidelity  ;  ve- 
racity ;  honesty  ;  an  estab- 
lished principle. 
Truth'ful,  a.    Full  of  truth  ; 

veracious  ;  trustworthy. 
Try,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  attempt  ; 

to  endeavor  ;  to  ie&t. 
Tiib,  n.     An  open  wooden 


6, 1,  o,  n,  Yylong ;  a,    i,  6,  tt ,  J^,  short ;  care, ciir,  ask,  p,  wh^t ;  Grc,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


TUBE 


279 


vessel,  used  for  various  pur- 
poses. [der;apipe. 
Tube,  n.  A  long  hollow  cyhn- 
Tu'ber,  n.   A  tieshy  rounded 

stem  or  root. 
Tu'ber-ele,  n.  A  small  swell- 
ing ;  a  pimple. 
Tu-ber'-eu-lar,    )  a.  Full  of 
Tu-ber'-cu-lous,  )  tubercles. 
Tube'ro§e,or  Tu'ber-6§e,  n. 
A  flowering  plant  with  a 
tuberous  root.     [or  tubers. 
Tu'ber-ous,  a.  Full  of  knobs 
Tu'bu-lar,  a.  Resembling,  or 

consisting  of,  a  pipe. 
Tu'bu-lous,  a.  Hollow,  like  a 

tube  or  pipe. 
Tuck,  n.  A  fold  in  a  dress.  — 
V.  t.     To  thrust  in  or  to- 
gether ;  to  fold  under. 
Tuck'er,  n.    A  small,  thin 
piece  of  the  dress  for  cover- 
ing the  breast. 
Tues'day  ( tuz'dy ) ,  n.  Third 

day  of  the  week. 
Tuft,  n.    A  bunch  of  grass, 
hair,  &c.  —  v.  t.    To  adorn 
with  tufts. 
Tuft'ed,  a.  Growing  in  tufts. 
Tiig,  V.  i.  To  pull  with  great 
effort.  —  n.   A  pulUng  Avith 
great  effort ;  trace  of  a  har- 
ness ;  a  steam  tow-boat. 
Tu-Ption  (-ish^uu),  n.  Guard- 
ianship; instruction;  price 
of  instruction. 
Tu'lip,  n.  A  plant  and  flower. 
Tum'ble,  v.i.    To  roll  about 
or  down.  —  v.  t.    To  turn 
over  or  throw  about  care- 
lessly ;  to  disturb  ;  to  rum- 
ple.— m.  A  tumbling  or  roll- 
ing over ;  a  fall. 
Tum'bler,  n.  One  who  tum- 
bles ;  a  drinking  glass. 
Tum'brel,  n.     A  ducking 
stool ;  a  cart ;  a  military 
wagon  ;  a  kind  of  basket. 
Tii/me-fa-e'tion,  n.  A  swell- 
ing ;  a  tumor. 
Tu'me-fy,  v.  To  swell. 
Tu'mid,  a.  Swelled;  distend- 
ed ;  pompous.  [swellino:. 
TTi'mor  (83),  n.     A  morbid 
Tu'mu-lar,    )  a.  Consisting 
Tu'mu-lous,  J     in  a  heap. 
Tu'mult,  n.    Wild  commo- 
tion ;  uproar. 


Tu-mult'u-a-ry,  a.  Disorder-  I 

ly-  i 

Tu-mult'u-ous,  a.    Full  of 
tumult ;  conducted  with  tu- 
mult. —  Syn.    Disorderly ; 
turbulent ;  noisy  ;  lawless. 
Tun,  n.     A  large  cask  ;  a 
measure  for  liquids  of  four 
hogsheads.  See 
Tune,  n.    A  series  of  musical 
not€S  ;  order  ;  harmony.  — 
V.  t.    To  put  in  a  proper 
musical  or  other  state. 
Tune'ful,  a.  Harmonious. 
Tu'ni€,  n.  A  Roman  and  East- 
ern under-garment,  worn  by 
both  sexes  ;  a  membrane. 
Tu'ni-ele,  n.    A  natural  cov- 
ering ;  an  ecclesiastical  robe. 
Tun'nel,  n.   A  pipe  for  pour- 
ing liquors  into  vessels  ;  a 
funnel ;  an  artificial  under- 
ground passage,  —v.  t.  (8) 
To  form  hke,  or  into,  a  tun- 
nel, [ern  head-dress. 
Tur'ban,  n.   A  kind  of  East- 
Tur'bid,a.  Muddy  :  not  clear. 
Tur'bid-ness,  n.  Muddiness. 
Tur'bi-na'ted,  a.  Shaped 

like  a  top  ;  spiral ;  twisted. 
Tur'bine,  n.     A  horizontal 

water-wheel. 
T^r'bot, «.  A  kind  of  flat  fish. 
Tur'bu-lenge,  )  n.  Tumult ; 
Tur'bu-len-Qy,  I  confusion. 
Tur'bu-lent,  a.  Tumultuous ; 

riotous  ;  disorderly. 
Tii-reen',  n.    A  large,  deep 

vessel  for  holding  soup. 
Turf  (18),  n.    A  stratum  of 
earth  filled  with  roots  ;  sod  ; 
sward. —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
turf.  '   [with,  turf. 

Turfy,  a.  Full  of,  or  covered 
Tur-ges'Qenqe,  n.   State  of 

becoming  turgid. 
Tur'gid,    a.       Distended ; 

swelled ;  tumid  ;  bombastic. 
Tur-gid'i-ty,  n.  A  turgid  or 

swelled  state ;  bombast. 
Tur'key  (19),  n.  A  large  fowl, 

a  native  of  Am.erica. 
Tur-kois'  {-koiz'  or  -keez''), 
n.  A*  bluish  green  gem. 
See  Turquoise. 
Tur'mer-i-e  (5),  «.  An  East 
Indian  plant  used  for  dye- 
ing. 


TWANG 

Tfir'moll,   n.  Harasstng 

labor  ;    trouble  ;  disturb- 
ance ;  commotion. 
Tfirn,  V.     To  move  or  go 
round  ;  to  revolve ;  to  alter ; 
to  change. —  n.  Act  of  mov- 
ing or  going  round  ;  change. 
Tiim'-eoat,  n.      One  who 
changes  sides  or  principles  ; 
a  renegade  ;  a  deserter. 
Tfirn'er-y,  n.   The  art  of 
shaping  solid  articles  by  a 
lathe.  [esculent  root. 

T^r'nip,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
Turn'key  (19),  «.   One  who 

keeps  the  keys  of  a  prison. 
Turn'pike,  n.    A  toll-gate  ; 
a  road  on  which  are  turn- 
pikes. 

Turn'sole,  n.  A  heliotrope. 
Turn'stne,  n.     A  kind  of 

turnpike  in  a  footpath. 
Tfir 'pen-tine,  n.  A  resinoug 

juice  from  various  trees. 
T&r'pi-tude,  n.  Baseness. 
Tur-quoi§e'  (-koiz^  or  -keezO, 
n.  A  bluish-green  mineral, 
used  in  jewelry. 
Tur'ret,  n.  A  small  tower. 
Tur'ret-ed,a.  Furnished  with 
turrets ;  formed  like  a  tower. 
Tiir'tle,n.  A 


species  of 
wild  dove; 
a  sea-tor- 
toise. 
Tlir'tle- 


Turtle. 


d6ve,n.  A  dove  or  pigeon. 
Tus'can,  a.      Relating  to 
Tuscany,  or  to  a  certain 
order  of  architecture. 
Tusk.  n.    A  long,  pointed 

tooth  of  certain  animals. 
Tus'sle  (ttls/sl),  n.  A  scuffle. 
Tu'te-lage,  n.  Guardianship ; 

protection;  care. 
Tu'te-lar,    )  a.    Guarding  ; 
Tu'te-la-ry, )  protecting. 
Tii'tor,  n.  Instructor  ;  teach- v 
er,  —  t,.       To  instruct ;  to 
discipline.  [guardianship. 
Tu'tor-age,  n.    Instruction ; 
Tu'tor-ess,  n.  A  female  tutor.  > 
Twad'dle,  v.  i.    To  prate. 
Twain,  a.  &  n.  Two. 
Twang,  V.  i.    To  sound  with 
a  quick,  sharp  noise.  —  n. 
A  sharp,  quick  sound. 


^6n,  or,  do,  wQlf,  tol),  tdbk ;  Orn,  nje,  pi^U ;  f ,     soft ;      g,  Imrd ;  ag  ;  e^ist ;  Q  as  ng ;  fliis. 


TVYATTLE 


280 


UMBEL 


Twat'tle  (twot/tl),  v.  i.  To 
prate  ;  to  talk  much  and 
idly ;  to  twaddle. 

Tweak,  v.  t.  To  twitch.  — n. 
A  sharp  pinch  or  jerk. 

Twee'dle,  v.  t.  To  handle 
hghtly  ;  to  coax ;  to  allure. 

Tweed§,  n.  pi.  Cotton  or 
woolen  goods  of  hght  fabric. 

Twee'zer§,  n.  pi.  Small  nip- 
pers for  plucking  out  hairs, 
and  for  other  purposes. 

Twelfth,  a.  Ordinal  of  twely^ 

Twelve,  a.    Two  and  ten. 

Twelve'month,  n.  A  year.  ' 

Twen'ti-eth,  a.  Ordinal  of 
twenty. 

Twen'ty,  a.  Twice  ten  ;  a 
score. 

Twige,  adv.  Two  times  ; 
doubly. 

Twig,  n.  A  small  shoot  or 
branch  of  a  tree  or  shrub. 

TwPlight  (-lit),  n.  Faint 
light  seen  after  sunset  and 
before  sunrise. 

Twill,  v.t.  To  weave  in  ribs. 

Twin,  n.  One  of  two  pro- 
duced at  a  birth. 

Twine,  v.t.ori.  To  twist ;  to 
■wrap  closely  round  ;  to 
•wind.  — n.  Strong  twisted 
thread ;  a  twist. 

Twinge,  v.  i.  To  feel  a  short, 
sharp  pain.  —  n,  A  quick, 
darting  pain. 

Twink'le,  t;.  i.  To  blink ;  to 


wink;  to  sparkle.  —  n.  A 
wink  ;  time  of  a  wink. 

Twink'ling,  n.  A  wink;  a 
sparkling ;  an  instant. 

Twirl,  V.  t.  To  move  or  whirl 
round  rapidly.  —  w.  A  rapid 
whirling  or  turning. 

Twist,  v.t.  To  wind,  as  one 
thread  round  another;  to 
convolve.  —  n.  A  contor- 
tion ;  a  thread  or  cord  made 
by  twisting. 

Twit,  v.t.  To  reproach  ;  to 
taunt ;  to  upbraid. 

Twitch,  V.  t.  To  pull  sudden- 
ly.—  n.  A  pull  with  a  jerk. 

Twit'ter  {l),v.i.  To  make  a 
small,  intermitted  noise,  as 
a  swallow. 

Two  [too),  a.    One  and  one. 

Twp'-edged  (to-o/-),a.  Hav- 
ing an  edge  on  both  sides, 

Two'foia  (to*o/-),  a.  Two  of 
the  kind ;  double. 

Tym'bal,  n.    A  kettle-drum. 

Tym'pan,  n.  A  frame  for 
holding  sheets  of  paper  for 
printing.' 

Tym'pa-num,  n.  Drum  of 
the  ear. 

Type,  n.  A  mark  ;  an  em- 
blem ;  a  figure ;  a  sign  ;  a 
symbol  ;  a  letter  or  other 
character  for  printing  from . 

Ty'phoid,  a.  Resembling 
typhus  fever.  —  n.  A  fever 
resembling  typhus. 


Ty.phoon',    n.     A  violent 

tornado  in  the  Chinese  seas. 

Ty'phus,  n.  A  fever  char- 
acterized by  great  prostra- 
tion and  cerebral  disturb- 
ance, [figurative. 

Typ'i€-al,  a.  Emblematical : 

Typ'i^-al-ly,  adv.  In  a  typ. 
leal  or  figurative  manner. 

Typ'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  represent 
by  a  type,  or  emblem. 

Ty-p6g'ra-pher  (tl-  or  tl-),  n. 
A  printer. 

Typ'o-graph'i-e-al,  or  Ty'- 
po-graph'i€-al,  a.  Relating 
to  type  or  to  printing. 

Ty-p6g'ra-phy  (ti-  or  tT),  m. 
Art  of  printing. 

Ty-ran'ni-c,     T  a.  Imperi- 

Ty-ran'ni-e-al,  J  ous;  des- 
potic ;  cruel. 

Ty-r^n'ni^-al-ly,  adv.  In 
the  manner  of  a  tyrant. 

Ty-ran'ni-Qide,  n.  The  kill- 
ing, or  the  killer,  of  a  ty- 
rant, [a  tyrant. 

Tyr'an-nize,  v.  t.    To  act  as 

Tjr'an-nous,  a.  Cruel;  ar- 
bitrary ;  despotic ;  unjustly 
severe ;  tyrannical. 

Tyr'an-ny,  n.  Arbitrary  ex- 
ercise of  power;  despotism. 

Ty'rant,  n.  An  arbitrary 
ruler ;  a  cruel  master ;  an 
oppressor. 

Ty'ro,  n.  {pi.  Ty'ros.)  A 
beginner ;  a  novice. 


u. 


U-BlQ'UI-TT,  «.  Exis. 
tence  every  where. 
-=Or-biq'ui-ta-ry  (-bik^wi-),  a. 
Existing  every  where, 
d'der,  n.  The  bag  with  the 
teats  of  a  cow,  &c. 
g'li-ness  (13),  n.  Deformity ; 
moral  depravity  ;  ill -nature, 
g'ly ,  a.  Not  handsome ;  de- 
formed; ill-natured. 
I'ger,  n.    A  sore  that  dis- 
charges pus. 

I'ger-ate,  v.  i.   To  become 


ulcerous;  to  turn  to  an 
^  ulcer.  [ating. 
UFger-a'tion,  n.  Actofulcer- 
tJl'Qer-ous,  a.    Afflicted  with 

ulcers ;  discharging  puru- 

lent  or  other  matters. 
tJl'lage,  n.    What  a  cask 

wants  of  being  full. 
ITl-te'ri-or,  a.  Lying  beyond ; 

further ;  more  remote. 
Ul'ti-mate,  a.  Final;  furthest, 
ul'ti-mate-ly,  adv.  Finally ; 

at  last ;  in  the  end. 


"O^Pti-ma'tum,  n.     A  final 

proposition    or  condition ; 

last  offer. 
TTPtra,  a.  Radical ;  extreme. 
iTFtra-ma-rine'  (-ma-reen/), 

n.  A  beautiful  blue  pigment. 
Ul^tra-mdn'tane,  a.  Being 

beyond  the  mountains  or 
^  the  Alps. 

IJPtra-mun'dane,  a.  Being 

beyond  the  world. 
Um'bel,  n.   A  collection  of 

small  llowers  in  a  head. 


» e,  1, o,  u,  y,  long;  a,  q,  J,  6,  U,  f,  short;  cSre,  car,  ask,  gll,  wh^t ;  ere,  ygil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


UMBELLIFEROUS 

tJm/bel-lif'er-ous,  a.  Bear- 
ing umbels. 

XJm'ber,  n.  A  brownish  ore 
of  iron,  used  as  a  pigment. 

Um-bil'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  navel.  [deer. 

Um'ble§,  n.    Entrails  of  a 

tTm'bra^e,  n.  A  shade;  re- 
sentment; offense;  affront. 

Um-bra'geous,  a.  Shady. 

Um-brePla,  n.  A  portable 
screen  from  the  sun  or  rain. 

tJm'pi-rage,  w.  The  decision 
of  an  umpire ;  arbitrament ; 
authority  of  an  umpire. 

tjTm'pire,  n.  A  third  person  to 
whose  sole  decision  a  contro- 
yersy  or  question  between 
parties  is  referred. 

■D"n.  A  negative  prefix,  which 
may  be  attached  at  will  to 
almost  any  English  adjective 
or  participle  used  adjective- 
ly,  while  it  is  also  attached 
to  less  numerous  classes  of 
nouns  and  verbs.  As  the 
former  class  of  words  is 
unlimited  in  extent,  and 
Buch  compounds  may  be 
formed  by  any  writer  or 
speaker  from  almost  all  the 
adjectives  and  participles  in 
the  language,  very  many  of 
them  will  be  omitted  from 
this  Dictionary,  more  es- 
pecially such  as  are  nega- 
tions of  the  simple  word, 
and  are  readily  explained 
by  prefixing  a  not  to  the 
letter;  also,  derivatives  of 
these  words  in  ly  and  ness. 
A  pretty  full  list  of  these 
words  is  subjoined. 

Un  is  prefixed  to  adjectives, 
or  to  words  used  adjectively; 
as,  (1.)  To  adjectives,  to  denote 
the  absence  of  the  quality  des- 
ignated by  the  adjective  ;  as, 
unaccordant^  unaided,  unam- 
bitious, unancdous,  unappre- 
ciable,  unartificial,  unattaina- 
hle,  unauthorized,  unbearable, 
unbrotherly,  uncandid,  unca- 
nonical,  iincheerful,  unclassical, 
uncommercial,  itnconffenial,  un- 
cordial,  uncourtly,  undefinable, 
undemocratic,  undevout,  un- 
distinguish  able,  rmendurable, 
un-English,  unenviable,  unes- 
sential, uneventful,  unfamiliar, 
unfeminine,  unfraterxial,  un 


281 

genial,  vngevteel,  ungentle,  wn- 
grammatical,  unimportant,  un- 
inhabitable, unjustifiable,  un- 
kingli/,  unmaidenly,  unman- 
arjeahle,  unmeet,  unmelodious, 
unmotherly,  unmusical,  unob- 
servant, unpardonable,  un- 
patriotic, unphilanthropic,  un- 
philosophic,  unpoetic,  unpro- 
nounceable, unquenchable,  un- 
rational,  unremunerative,  un- 
romantic,  unscholarly,  unscien- 
tific, unselfish,  unserviceable, 
unsubstantial,  unsuspicious,  un- 
thankful, untidy,  unvocal,  U7i- 
warlike,  unwatcfiful,  univeary, 
unwelcome,  unwomanly,  un- 
worldly, and  the  like.  (2.)  To 
past  passive  participles,  to  indi- 
cate the  absence  of  the  con- 
dition or  state  expressed  by  the 
participle  ;  as,  unabated,  un- 
abridged, unaccented,  una- 
dorned, unadulterated,  unaid- 
ed, unaltered,  unanswered,  un- 
appreciated, unarmed,  un- 
asked, unassuted,  unattempted, 
unattended,  unbaplized,  unbi- 
ased, unbleached,  unbought,  un- 
called, unchanged,  unchecked, 
uncircumcised,  unclouded,  un- 
compounded,  unconfined,  un- 
congealed,  unconquered,  uncon- 
strained, uncultivated,  unde- 
cided, undefended,  undefiled, 
undeserved,  undesigned,  undi- 
gested, undiminished,  un- 
dimmed,  undisguised,  undis- 
puted, undisturbed^  uneduca- 
ted,   unemployed,  unenlight- 


ened,  unexhausted,  unexplain- 
ed, unexplored,  unfathomed, 
unfe'rmented,  unforeseen,  un- 
fulfilled, unfurnished,  unguard- 
ed, unguessed,  unharmed,  un- 
heeded, unhelped,  unhonored, 
unimpeached,  uninclosed,  un- 
inhabited, uninspired,  unleav- 
ened, unloved,  unmarried,  un- 
masked,unmatched, unmingled, 
unmitigated,  unmixed,  un- 
moved, unnerved,  unnoticed, 
unobserved,  unobstructed,  un- 
ornamented,  unperceived,  un 
polished,  unpracticed,  unpre- 
meditated, imprepared,  unpro- 
tected, unprovoked,  unpun- 
ished, unread,  unreconciled, un- 
refined, unrelated,  unrepresent- 
ed, unresisted,  unrewarded,  un- 
satisfied, unscathed,  unsettled, 
unshared,  unsheltered,  unshod, 
unshorn,  unskilled,  unsolicited, 
unsouaht,  unstinted,  unstudied, 
unsullied,  tumirpassed,  unsus- 
pected, untasted,  untaught,  un- 
terrified,  untried,  untutored, 
unvaried,  unwarranted,  nn- 
ivedded,  unwept,  and  the  like. 
(3.)  To  present  participles 
which  come  from  intransitive  I 
verbs,  or  are  themselves  em-  { 


UNAWARE 

plovcd  as  adjectives,  to  mark 
the'^absence  of  the  activity,  dis- 
position, or  condition  implied 
by  the  participle;  as  unaccom- 
modating, unasjnring,  un- 
blenching,  uncalculating,  un- 
changing, uncomplctiniiig,  un- 
consuming,  unconvincing^  un- 
deserving, undiminishing,  un- 
disceining,  undoubting.  unedi- 
fying,  unenvying,  unfading,  un- 
faltering, unflinching,  ungrudg- 
ing, unheeding,  uninteresting ^ 
uninviting,  unujving,  unmoving, 
unobserving,  unoffending,  un- 
pitying,  unpleaging,  unquestion- 
ing, unrepining,  unresisting, un- 
resting, unsearching,  umeeing, 
unshrinking,  unsuspecting,  un- 
sympathizing,  unvarying,  un- 
wavering, and  the  like. 

Un-a'ble,  a.  Not  having 
ability  or  power ;  impotent. 

Un/a€-Qept'a-ble,  «•  Not 
acceptable  ;  disagreeable. 

tJn/a-e-eount'a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  accounted  for;  inex^ 
plicable. 

tJn'ad-vig'a-ble,  a.  Not  ad- 
visable ;  inexpedient. 

Un/af-fe€t'ed,  a.  Not  af- 
fected or  moved ;  not  artifi- 
cial ;  simple  ;  natural. 

tJn/al-loyed',  a.  Not  alloyed; 
pure. 

Un-al'ter-a-ble,  a.   Not  to 

be'altered;  changeless. 
Un-a'mi-a-ble,  «.    Not  ami- 
able ;    repelling  affection  ; 
ill-natured, 
tr/na-nim'i-ty,  n.  Agreement 
in  opinion  or  determination. 
XT-nan'i-mous,  a.    Being  of 
one   mind- ;    harmonious  ; 
formed  with  the  agreement 
of  all.      [entire  agreement, 
tr-nan'i-mous-ly,  adv.  With 
Un-an'swer-a-ble  (-iin/ser-a- 
bl),  a.  Not  answerable ;  not 
to  be  refuted. 
TJn-apt',  a.  Not  apt  gr  ready ; 

dull;  stupid. 
■&n/as-sum'ing,  a.   Not  as-,. 

suming  ;  humble ;  modest. 
tJn/a-vail'ing,    a.     Of  no 

avail;  ineffectual;  useless. 
Un^a-void'a-ble,  a.   Not  to 
be    shunned  ;    necessary  ; 
inevitable.  , 
tJn/a-void'a-bly,  adv.  In- 
evitably ;  necessarily. 
tJn'a-ware* ,    u.      Without ' 


g6n,  or,  dQ,  W9lf,  tub,  took ; 


tvu,  rije,  p^iTTcT^T^^/^^^  '^^^^      '  Xi^i^Si  this. 


UNAWARES 

thought ;  inattentive  ;  giv- 
^  iug  no  lieed. 

un/a-wares',  adv.  Suddenly  ; 
unexpectedl3^ 

TJn-bar'j  v.t.  To  remove  a  bar 

^  from  ;  to  unfasten  ;  to  open. 

tJn/be-eom'ing,  a.    Not  be- 
coming; improper;  unsuit- 

^  able ;  indecorous. 

Un/be-lief,  n.  Incredulity; 

^  skepticism  ;  infidelity. 
TJn/be-liev'er,  n.    An  infi- 

^  del ;  a  skeptic. 

Un'be-liev'ing,  a.  Incredu- 
lous; skeptical;  infidel. 
Un-bend',  v.  t.    To  relax  or 
slacken.  —  v.  i.    To  become 
relaxed. 
Un-bend'ing,  a.  Unyielding ; 

inflexible  ;  firm  ;  rigid. 
Un-bPas  (8),  v.  t.    To  free 

from  bias  or  prejudice. 
TJn-bmd',  v.  t.    To  untie;  to 

unfasten  ;  to  loose. 
Un-blem'ished  (-blem/isht), 

«.  Free  from  blemish  ;  pure  ; 

spotless,  [happy  ;  wretched. 
TJn-blest',  a.  Not  blessed  ;  un- 
Un-bolt',  v.t.    To  remove  a 

bolt  from  ;  to  unfasten. 
Un-born',  a.    Not  born  ;  still 

to  appear  ;  future. 
TJn-bo'§om  (-bcToz/um),  v.  t. 

To  disclose  freely  ;  to  reveal. 
TJn-bound'ed,  a.  Having  no 

bounds  or  limits  ;  infinite  ; 

unrestrained. 
Un-bri'dle  ,v.t.  To  free  from , 

or  as  from,  the  bridle. 
Un-br5'ken  (-bro/kn),  a.  En- 
tire ;  whole. 
tJn-buck'le,  v.  t.    To  loose 

from  buckles  ;  to  unfasten. 
Un-bur'ied  (-ber/id,  13),  a. 

Not  buried ;  disinterred. 
TJn-bur'den,  v.  t.    To  rid  of 

a  burden  ;  to  throw  off,  as  a 

burden  ;  to  relieve. 
TTn-but'ton  (-but/tn),  v.  t.  To 

loose  the  buttons  of. 

n-geas'ing,  a.  Not  ceasing  ; 

continu.il ;_  j)erpetual. 

n-ger^e-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Not 

ceremonious  ;  informal  ;  fa- 
miliar. 

n-ger'tain,  a.  Not  certain  ; 
precarious;  insecure;  doubt- 
ful ;  dubious. 


282 


UNDAUNTED 


TJn-ger'tain-ly,  adv.  Not 

certainly;  doubtfully. 
Un-ger'tain-ty,  n.    Want  of 

certamty  ;  doubtfulness. 
Un-chairi',  v.t.  To  free  from 

chains  or  thralldom. 
Un-change'a-ble,a.  Not  sub- 
ject to  change  ;  immutable. 
Un-change'a-bly,ai/v.  With- 
out change ;  immutably. 
Un-char'i-ta-ble,  a.  Having 
no  charity  ;  severe  in  judg- 
ing ;  harsh ;  censorious. 
Un-ehris'tian  (-krist/yan),  a. 
Contrary  to    Christianity : 
unbecoming  a  Christian. 
IXn-church',  v.  t.    To  expel 

from  a  church. 
Un-giv'il,  a.  Not  civil;  im- 
polite ;  uncourteous  ;  rude. 
Un-giv'il-ized,  n.  Not  civil- 
ized or  reclaimed  *rom  sav- 
age life  ;  rude  ;  barbarous  ; 
savage. 

Un-giv'il-ly,  adv.  Rudely  I 
Un-elasp',  v.  t.  To  loose  the 
^  clasp  of. 

"tn'-ele  (unka),  n.   A  father's 

or  a  mother's  brother. 
Un-elean',  a.     Not  clean  ; 
foul ;  dirty  ;  filthy  ;  impure ; 
sinful ;  wicked. 
Un  ^lean'ness,  n.  Filthi- 
ness  ;  impurity  ;  sinfulness. 
TTn-elo§e',  v.  t.    To  open. 
TJn-coil',  V.  L    To  unwind 

and  open. 
Un-eome'ly,  a.  Not  comely  ; 

homely ;  disagreeable. 
Un-€6m'fort-a-bIe,  a.  Af- 
fording no  comfort;  giving 
uneasiness. 
Un-eom'fort-a-bly,  adv. 
Without  comfort  or  cheer- 
fulness. 

TJn-eSm'mon,  a.    Not  com- 
mon ;  infrequent ;  rare ;  un- 
usual ;  remarkable. 
Un-€6m'mon-ly,  adv.  Unu- 
sually. 

Un-€6m'pro-mi§/ing,  a.  Not 
agreeing  to  terms ;  inflex- 
^  ible ;  firm. 

Un/^on-gern',  n.    Want  of 
^  concern  ;  indifference. 
Un/-con-gern'ed-ly,  adv. 
^  Without  concern.  j 
tJn/-eon-di'tion-al     (-dlsh^- 1 


un-),  a.  Not  limited  by  con- 
ditions; absolute. 
Ur.-€6n'quer-a-ble  (-konk^- 
er-a-bl),  a.    Not  to  be  con- 
quered. -  Syn.  Invincible: 
insuperable. 
Un-€6n'scion-a-ble  (-kon^- 
shun-),  a.  Unreasonable; 
inordinate  ;  enormous. 
Un-corKscion-a-bly.at/t'.  In 
an  unconscionable  manner. 
Un-€6n'scious  (-kon/shus), 
a.    Not  having  conscious- 
ness ;   not  made  the  object 
of  consciousness ;  impercep- 
tible. 

Un-eon'scioiis-ly,  adv. 

Without  consciousness. 
Un--e6n'scious-ness,  n. 
Want  of  consciousness  or 
perception. 
Un-€6n/sti-tu'tion-al,  a.  Not 
constitutional;  contrary  to 
the  constitution. 
Un-e6ii/sti-tu/tion-aPi-ty ,  n. 
Quality  of  being  unauthor- 
ized by,  or  oppoted  to,  the 
^  constitution. 

Un^-eon-trol'la-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  controlled ;  ungovern- 
^  able. 

Un^-eon-vert'ed,  a.  Not  con- 
verted or  regenerated ;  im- 
penitent. 
Un-eork',  v.  t.    To  draw  the 

cork  from. 
Un-eoert'e-ofis  (-kfirt/e-us), 
a.  Uncivil ;  rude  ;  impolite. 
Un-eputh'(-ko"othO,  a.  Un- 
familiar ;  unusual ;  not  ren- 
dered pleasing  by  familiari- 
ty. —  Syn.    Odd;  strange; 
awkward.  [ness. 
Un-eouth'ness,  n.  Awkward- 
Un-€6v'er,  v.  t.    To  take  the 
cover  from  ;  to  open.  —  v.  i. 
^  To  bare  the  head. 
tJn-e'tion,  n.    Act  of  anoint- 
^  ing ;  unguent ;  ointment. 
Un€t'u-ous  (Kijkt/yi;-us),  a. 

Oily  ;  fat ;  greasy,    [a  curb. 
Un-<5urb',  v.  t.    To  free  from 
Un-€url',  V.  t.  To  straighten 
out,  as  any  thing  that  has 
been  curled.  [date. 
Un-dat'ed,  a.     Having  no 
Un-daunt'ed,  a.  Fearless; 
bold ;  brave  ;  intrepid. 


,  5,  T,  o,  u,  J^,  long ;  a,  g,  I,    a,     short ;  care,  car, ask,  gll,  wh^it ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  ftrm^- 


UNDECEIVE 


283 


To  free 


trn^de-geive',  v. 
from  deception. 

Un'de-m'a-ble,  a.  Impossi- 
ble to  be  denied  ;  palpably 
true  ;  obvious.  [putably. 

IJn'de-ni/a-'bly,  adv.  Indis- 

tTn'der,  prep.  Lower  than  ; 
beneath  ;  below.  —  a.  Lower 
in  rank  ;  subordinate  ;  in- 
ferior.—ac/f.  In  a  lower 
condition  ;  in  subjection. 

iJiyder-a'gent,  n.  A  subor- 
dinate agent. 

fi'iVder-bid',  v.  t.  To  bid  or 
offer  less  than. 

tJn'der-brush,  n.  Small  trees 
and  shrubs  in  a  wood. 

Un'der-cur^rent,  n.  A  cur- 
rent below  the  surface. 

"CTn^der-do',  v.  To  do  less  than 
is  requisite  or  desirable. 

tTn^der-go',  v.t.  To  bear ;  to 
endure ;  to  suffer ;  to  sus- 
tain ;  to  pass  through. 

■&nMer-grad'u-ate,  n.  A 
student  in  a  college  who  has 
not  taken  his  degree. 

tJn'der-ground,  a.  Being 
below  the  surface  of  the 
ground ;  subterranean. 

tJn'der-growth,  n.  Shrubs 
which  grow  under  trees. 

tJn'der-hand,  a.  Clandes- 
tine ;  secret ;  sly.  —  adv.  By 
secret  means  ;  by  fraud. 

tJn'der-hand/ed,  a.  Claudes- 
tine. 

tJn/der-lay',  t.  To  lay 
under  or  beneath. 

■&n/der-let',  v.  t.  To  let  or 
lease  under  a  lease. 

■&n/der-lie',  v.  t.  To  lie  un- 
der ;  to  be  the  basis  of. 

■&n/der-lme',  v.  t.  To  mark 
a  line  beneath,  as  words. 

tJn'der-ling,  n.  An  inferior. 

t5"n/der-mine',  v.  t.  To  ex- 
cavate the  earth  beneath  ; 
to  ruin  or  injure  in  an  un- 
derhand way. 

tJn^der-neath'  (or  -neethO, 
adv.  or  prep.  Under  ;  be- 
neath. 

Un/der-pm',  v.  t.  To  lay 
stones  under,  as  under  the 
sills  of  a  building. 

tJn'der-pm'ning,  n.  Stones 
on  which  a  building  rests. 


tJn/der-rate',  v.  L    To  rate 

below  the  value. 
tJn/der-s-core',  v.  t.  To  draw 

a  line  or  mark  under. 
tJn/der-sell',  v.  t.    To  sell 

cheaper  than  another. 
tJn/der-sign'  (-sin/),  v.  t.  To 
write  one's  name  at  the  foot 
or  end  of. 
trn'der-sh6t/,  a.    Moved  by 
water  passing  beneath  ;  — 
said  of  a  water-wheel. 
tJn/der-stand',  v.  t.  [imp.  & 

p.  p.   UNDERSTOOD.]  To 

comprehend  ;  to  know  ;  to 
have  information ;  to  sup- 
pose to  mean. 
tJn/der-stand'ing  (8),  n. 
Knowledge  ;  interpretation  ; 
the  intellectual  powers  ;  in- 
tellect ;  judgment ;  sense. 
tJiVder-stdbd',  imp.  &  p.  p. 

of  Understand. 
Un'der-strap/per,  n.  An  in- 
ferior agent ;  a  subaltern. 
tJn/der-take',r.  t.  [hnp.  un- 
dertook; p.p.  UNDER- 
TAKEN.] To  take  in  hand  ; 
to  attempt ;  to  engage  in. 
Un/der-tak'er,  n.    One  who 
undertakes;  one  who  takes 
the  management  of  funerals. 
Un/der-tak'ing,  n.  An  enter- 
prise ;  any  business,  [take. 
tJn/der-tdbk',  imp.  of  Under- 
tJTn/der-tone,  n.  A  low  tone. 
tJii'der-tow,  n.  A  current  of 
water  below  having  a  differ- 
ent direction  from  that  on 
the  surface.  [derp^o. 
tJn/der-went',  imp.  of  Un- 
tJn/der-val'ue,  v.  t.   To  rate 

below  the  worth 
Un'der-w(5bd,  w.  Small  trees. 
"&n/der-work'  (-wQrkO,  t'-  ^• 
To  do  like  work  at  a  less 
price  than. 
Un'der-write/  (-ritO^f  -  i-  To 
insure.  [insurer. 
tJn'der-writ/er  {-v\t'-),  n.  An 
tJn/de-sign'ing    (-sin/-  or 
-z\n'-),a.    Artless;  sincere. 
Un-de'vi-a^ting,  a.    Not  de- 
viating ;  steady  ;  regular. 
tJn/di-vid'ed,  a.  Not  divided ; 

whole  ;  entire. 
Un-do',  V.  t.  [imp.  undid  ; 
j9.      UNDONE.]  To  reverse 


UNEVEN 

what  has  been  done  ;  tp 
take  to  pieces  ;  to  unfasten  ; 
to  ruin. 
Un-do'ing,  n.  Be  versa! ;  ruin. 
Un-done'  (-dtin/), Un- 
fastened ;  ruined ;  not  done ; 
unfinished. 
Un-doubt'ed   (-dout/ed),  a- 
Not  doubted  ;  indubitable; 
indisputable. 
Un-doubt'ed-ly  (-dout/-), 

adv.  Indisputably. 
Un-dress',  v.t.    To  divest  of 
clothes ;   to  strip  ;  to  dis- 
robe ;  to  deprive  of  orna- 
ments. 

Un'dress,  n.    A  loose,  neg- 
ligent dress. 
Un-due',  a.    Not  due;  ex- 
cessive ;  immoderate. 
tJn'du-late,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
move    backward   and  for- 
ward, or  up  and  down,  as  a 
wave  ;  to  vibrate. 
Un'du-la/ted,  a.  Waved; 

wavy ;  undulatory. 
tJn/du-la'tion,  n.    A  waving 

motion  or  vibration. 
tJii'du-la-to-ry,  a.  Moving 

like  waves  ;  vibratory. 
Un-du'ly,  adv.  In  an  undue 
manner  ;   improperly  ;  ex- 
cessively. 
Un-dy'ing,  a.  Not  dying ;  not 
subject  to  death  ;  immortal. 
Un-earth',  v.  t.     To  draw 
from  the  earth;  to  remove 
the  earth  from  ;  to  uncover ; 
to  bring  to  light. 
Un-earth'ly,  a.    Not  terres- 
trial ;  supernatural 
Un-ea'si-ness,  n.  Disquiet 

perturbation. 
Un-ea'§y,  a.  Not  easy  ;  rest- 
less ;  disturbed. 
Un-end'ing,  a.    Not  ending ; 

everlasting ;  eternal. 
Un-e'qual,  a.    Not  equal,  or 
even  ;  inferior  ;  inadequate  ; 
disproportioned  ;     partial ; 
unjust :  unfair. 
Un-e'qual-ly,  adv.    In  dif- 
ferent degrees  ;  unfairly. 
Un/e-qmv'o-eal,    a.  ^  Not 

equivocal ;  clear  ;  evident. 
Un-err'ing,  a.  Committing 

no  mistake ;  certain. 
Un-e'ven  (-e/vn),  a.  Not 


B6n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  i^o,  tdbk;  to,  rye,  p\ill ;  f,  ^,  soft;     g,  hard;     ;  e^ist  5  u  as  ng 


this. 


UNEVENNESS 

even ;  not  level  or  uniform  ; 

rough ;  irregular. 
Un-e'ven-ness,  n.    Want  of 

equality  or  uniformity. 
■&n^ex-Qep'tion-a-ble,  a.  Not 

liable  to  objection;  fault- 
^  less ;  good. 

Un/ex-gep'tion-a-bly,  adv. 

So  as  to  be  liable  to  no  ob- 
^  jection. 

Un^ex-pe-et'ed,  a.  Not  ex- 
pected ;  sudden  ;  coming 
without  warning.  [denly. 

Un/ex-pe-et'ed-ly,  adv.  Sud- 

Un-fail'ing,  a.  Not  failing; 
not  liable  to  fail ;  abiding. 

Un-fair',  a.  Not  fair  ;  disin- 
genuous ;  dishonest. 

Un-fair'ly,  adv.  In  an  un- 
fair manner ;  dishonestly. 

Un-fair'ness,  w.  Want  of 
fairness  or  honesty. 

Un-faith'ful,  a.  Not  faith- 
ful ;  negligent  of  duty ; 
treacherous  ;  perfidious. 

Un-faith'ful-ness,  Breach 
of  faith ;  infidelity. 

Un-fasli'ion-a-ble,  a.  Not 
according  to  the  fashion. 

Un-fast'en  (-fas^n),  v.  t.  To 
loose  ;  to  unbind  ;  to  untie. 

Un-fatii'om-a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  fathomed ;  profound. 

Un-fa'vor-a-ble,  a.  Not  fa- 
vorable ;  adverse  ;  contrary. 

Un-feel'ing,  a.  Void  of  feel- 
ing or  sensibility  ;  insensi- 
ble ;  cruel;  hard-hearted. 

Un-feign«d'  (-fandO,  a.  Not 
feigned ;  real ;  sincere. 

Un-feign'ed-ly  (-fan/-),  adv. 
Without  hypocrisy. 

Un-fiPial  (-yal),  a.  Not  be- 
coming a  son  or  daughter. 

Un-fm'ished  (-fm/isht),  a. 
Not  finished ;  incomplete  ; 
imperfect. 

Un-fit',  V.  t.  To  disable  ;  to 
disqualify.  —  a.  Not  fit  or 
quahfied.— Syn.  Improper  ;• 
unqualified ;  incompetent. 

Un-fix',  V.  t.  To  loosen  ;  to 
unsettle. 

Un-fold',  V.  t.    To  expand; 

^  to  spread  out;  to  disclose. 

Un/for-giv'ing,  a.  Not  dis- 
posed to  forgive ;  implaca- 
ble ;  inexorable. 


284 

Un-fort'u-nate,  a.    Not  for- 
tunate ;  not  successful. 
Un-found'ed,  a.    Having  no 
foundation  ;  baseless  ;  vain. 
Un-friend^y,  a.  Not  friend- 
ly ;  unfavorable ;  hostile. 
Un-fruit'ful,  a.    Not  fruit- 
ful ;  barren ;  sterile. 
Un-furl%  V.  t.  To  unfold  ;  to 
open  or  spread ;  to  expand. 
Un-fur'nish,  v.  t.    To  «trip 
of    furniture ;     to  leave 
naked  or  bare. 
Un-gain'ly,  a.    Not  expert 
or     dexterous  ;      clumsy ; 
awkward;  uncouth. 
XJn-gen'er-ous,  a.    Not  gen- 
erous ;  illiberal ;  unkind  ; 
mean;  dishonorable. 
Un-god'li-ness,  n.  Impiety. 
Un-god'ly,  a.     Irreligious  ; 

wicked  ;  impious  ;  sinful. 
Un-gov'ern-a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  governed  or  restrained  ; 
wild ;  licentious, 
irn-grage'ful,  a.  Wanting 
grace  ;  inelegant ;  awkward ; 
clumpy  ;  uncouth. 
TJn-gra'cious,  a.    Not  gra- 
cious ;  showing  no  kindness 
of  heart ;  unpleasing. 
Un-grate'ful,  a.  Not  grate- 
ful ;  unthankful ;  disagree- 
_  able. 

Un'guent  (ung/gwent),  n.  An 
ointment. 

Un-hal 'lowed,  a.  Profane; 
unholy  ;  impure ;  wicked. 

Un-hand's6me  (-lian/sum), 
a.  Not  handsome  ;  illiberal ; 
unfair;  impolite. 

Un-hand's6me-ly  (-h3n/- 
sum-),  adi\  Ungracefully  ; 
illiberally ;  unfairly. 

Un-Mnd'y,  a.  Not  handy; 
awkward  ;  inexpert. 

Un-hap'pi-ly,  adv.  Unfort- 
imately  ;  miserably. 

Un-Mp'pi-ness,  n.  Calam- 
ity ;  misfortune ;  infelicity. 

Un-hap'py,  a.  Not  hap])y  or 
fortunate ;  rather  misera- 
ble ;  evil ;  calamitous. 

Un-har'nesSji'.  t.  To  strip  of 
harness ;  to  divest  of  armor. 

Un-health'y,  a.  Wanting 
health  ;  unsound  ;  sickly  ;  i 
insalubrious. 


Unicorn. 


UNIPAROUS 

Un-heard'  (-herd/),  a.  Not 
heard  ;  unknown  ;  obscure. 

Un-hmge',  v.t.  To  take  from 
the  hinges  ;  to  displace  ;  to 
unfix  by  violence. 

Un-hitch',t'.  t.  To  loose  from 
being  hitched ;  to  unfasten. 

Un-ho'li-ness,  n.  Want  of 
holiness ;  impiety  ;  sinful- 
ness ;  wickedness. 

Un-ho'ly,  a.  Not  holy  ;  pro- 
fane ;  wicked ;  impious. 

Un-hdbk',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 
a  hook. 

Un-horse',  v.  t.  To  throw 
from  a  horse  or  saddle. 

Un-hurt',  a.  Not  hurt ;  safe 
and  sound ;  whole. 

tj'ni-eorn,  n.  A 
fabulous  ani- 
mal with  one  . 
horn. 

U/ni-fi-ea'tion, 
n.    Act  of  so 
uniting    with  ; 
another  as  to 
make  one  be- 

_  iug- 

U'ni-form,  a.  Having  always 
the    same    form.  —  Syn. 
Equal ;  even  ;  alike ;  un  de- 
viating. —  n.  A  dress  of  the 
same  kind  worn  by  persons 
who  belong  to  the  same 
regiment,  &c. 
Tj/ni-form'i-ty,  n.  Resem- 
blance to  itself  at  all  times  ; 
consistency ;  sameness. 
tJ'ni-form-ly,  adv.  In  a  uni- 
^  form  manner. 
tJn/im-peach'a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  impeached ;  free  from 
^  stain  or  fault ;  blameless. 
Un/in-tel'li-gi-ble,  a.  Not 
intelligible;  not  to  be  un- 
derstood ;  obscure. 
Un-in'ter-est-ed,  a.  Having 
no  interest  or  property  in  ; 
not  having  the  mind  inter- 
ested or  engaged. 
Un'ion  (yyn/yun),  n.    Act  of 
uniting ;   junction  ;  coali- 
tion ;   confederation  ;  har- 
mony ;  concord ;  upper  in- 
ner corner  of  a  flag.  [ion. 
Un'ion-ist,  n.  A  lover  of  un- 
U-nip'a-rous,  a.  Producing 
one  at  a  birth. 


^>  «i  1,  Of    y,  long;  a,  e,  1,  6,  ti ,  f,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ftU,  whgit ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  piaue,  firm ; 


UNIQUE 


285  UNPRINCIPLED 


ir-niqtie'(yi]-neek/),«.  Single 
in  kind  or  excellence  ;  with- 
out a  like  or  equal. 

"Or'ni-son,  n.  Agreement  ; 
concord ;  union ;  accord- 
ance or  coincidence  of 
sounds. 

U-nis'o-nant, )  a.  Being  in 
U-nis'o-nous,  I        unison  ; 

sounded  together. 
0'nit,  n.    One ;  a  single  per- 
son or  thing ;    the  least 
whole  number. 
tJ/ni-ta'ri-an,  n.   One  who 
believes  that  God  exists  only 
in  one  person. —  a.  Per- 
taining to  Unitarians. 
tJ/ni-ta'ri-an-igm,  n.  The 

doctrines  of  Unitarians. 
XJ-nite',  V.  t.   To  join  or  put 
together;  to  form  a  whole. 
—  v.i.   To  become  one;  to 
act  in  concert. 
U-nit'ed-ly,    adv.  With 

union,  or  joint  efforts. 
"Cr'ni-ty,  n.    State  of  being 
one  ;  oneness  ;  concord  ;  any 
definite  quantity  or  aggre- 
gate taken  as  one. 
tJ'ni-vaive,        \  a.  Haying 
■Q^ni-vaiv'u-lar,  )  one  valve 

only,  as  a  shell. 
tT'iii-valve,  n.   A  shell  hav- 
ing one  valve  only. 
■Q/ni-ver'sal,  a.  Extending 

to  all ;  whole ;  total. 
"CF/ni-vgr'sal-ism,  n.  Belief 

that  all  men  will  be  saved, 
tr^ni-ver'sal-ist,  n.    An  ad- 
herent to  Universalism . 
tJ^ni-ver-sai'i-ty,  n.  State 
or  quality  of  being  univer- 
sal ;  unlimited  extension, 
tr  ^ni- ver's  al-ly,  adv. 

Throughout  the  whole. 
U'ni-verse,  n.     The  whole 

system  of  created  things, 
tr-'ni-ver'si-ty,  n.    An  insti- 
tution where  all  the  sciences 
and  arts  are  taught. 
TJn-just',  a.   Contrary  or  op- 
posed to  justice ;  wrongful  ; 
iniquitous. 
Un-jtist'ly,  adv.  Wrongfully. 
Un-klnd',  a.      Not  kind  ; 

cruel ;  harsh. 
TTn-kmd'ly,  adv.    With  un- 
kindness  ;  cruelly.  — a.  Un- 


natural ;  unfavorable  ;  ma- 
lignant. 
Un-kind'ness,  n.    Want  of 

kindness. 
Un-knit'  (-nit/),  v.  t.  To  sep- 
arate, as  threads  that  are 
knit ;  to  open. 
Un-know'ing-ly  (-noting-), 

adv.  Ignorantly. 
Un-lage',  v.  t.    To  unfasten  ; 

to  loose  the  dress  of. 
Un-lade',  v.  t.    To  unload  ; 

to  discharge. 
Un-law'ful,  a.    Not  lawful; 

contrary  to  law  ;  illegal. 
Un-law'ful-ly,  adv.    In  vio- 
lation of  law;  illegally. 
Un-law'ful-ness,n.  Illegal- 
ity; contrariety  to  law. 
Un-learn',  v.  t.    To  forget, 

as  what  has  been  learned. 
Un-learn'ed,  a.  Ignorant; 

illiterate.  [not. 
Un-16ss',  conj.     Except;  if 
Un-let'tered,  a.  Illiterate. 
Un-like',  a.    Not  like  ;  dis- 
similar ;  diverse,  [probable. 
Un-like'ly,a.  Not  likely  :  im- 
Un-like'ness,  n.    Want  of 
resemblance ;  dissimilitude. 
Un-lim'it-ed,  a.  Not  limited  ; 
boundless  ;   undefined  :  in- 
definite ;  not  restrained. 
TJn-link',  v.  t.    To  separate, 

as  links  ;  to  disconnect. 
Un-load',  v.  t.    To  relieve  of 

a  load  ;  to  disburden. 
Un-16ck',  V.  t.   To  unfasten, 
as  what  is  locked;    to  ex- 
plain ;  to  open,  [loveliness. 
Un-16ve'li-ness,  n.  Want  of 
Un-16ve'ly,  a.   Not  amiable  ; 

disagreeable ;  repellant. 
TJn-liick'y,  a.    Not  lucky  ; 

unfortunate;  unhappy. 
Un-man',  v.  i.    To  deprive 
of  virility  or  strength ;  to 
dishearten. 
TJn-man'ly,  a.  Unsuitable 
to  a  man ;  effeminate  ;  ig- 
noble; base.  [rude. 
Un-man'nered,  a.  Uncivil: 
Un-man'ner-ly,  a.  Ill-bred ; 

uncivil  ;  rude  in  behavior. 
Un-mask',  v.  t.    To  remove 

a  mask  or  disguise  from, 
Un-mean'ing,  a.  Having  no 
meaning  or  expression. 


Un-mer'gi-ful,  a.  Having  no 

mercy  ;  cruel ;  inhunian. 
Un-mobr',  v.  t.    To  cause  to 
ride  with  a  single  anchor, 
after  having  been  moored 
by  two  or  more  cables. 
Un-n^t'ur-al,  a  Contrary 
to  the  laws  of  nature,  or  to 
natural  feelings. 
Un-neg'es-sa-ri-ly,  adv. 

Without  necessity. 
Un-neg'es-sa-ry,  a.  Not 
necessary  ;  useless ;  needless. 
Un-neigh'bor-ly  (-UcVbur-), 
a.    Not  becoming  a  neigh- 
bor; unfriendly;  unkind. 
TJn-nerve',  r.  t.   To  deprive 
of  nerve  or  strength  ;  to  en- 
feeble :  to  weaken. 
Un-num'bered.a.  Not  num- 
bered,or  not  possible  to  be 
^  nunibered ;  countless. 
tJn/ob-tru'sive,  a.    Not  ob- 
trusive or  forward ;  modest. 
Un-6s/ten-ta'tious,  a.  Not 
ostentatious  ;  not  making  a 
showy  display ;  modest. 
Un-pS.ck',  V.  t.   To  open,  as 

things  packed. 
Un-pal'a-ta-ble,  rt.  Notpala- 

table  :  disagreeable. 
Un-par/al-leled,  a.  Having 
no  parallel  or  equal ;  match- 
less ;  peerless. 
Un-par/Iia-ment'a-ry,  a. 
Contrary  to  the  usages  of 
Parliament  or  the  rules  of 
legislative  bodies. 
Un-pm',  V.  t.    To  unfasten 
or  undo,  as  what  is  pinned. 
Un-pleas'ant,  a.    Not  pleas- 
ant ;  di'spleasing ;  disagree- 
able. 

Un-pop'u-lar,  a.  Not  enjoy- 
ing public  favor;  disliked 
by  the  people  ;  disposing  to 
public  disfavor. 
Un-preQ'e-dent-ed,  n.  Hav- 
ing no  precedent ;  novel. 
Un-prej'u-diced  (-prej']]- 
dist),  a.    Free  from  preju- 
dice or  bias ;  impartial. 
Un-pre-tend'ing,  a.  Not 
making  pretensions  ;  mod- 
est. 

Un-prm'gi-pled,  a.  Devoid 
1      of  moral  principle  ;  destitute 
of  virtue  ;  profligate. 


»6n,  or,  dQ,  wQlf ,  too,  took  ;  to,  rye,  pnU ;  p,  g:,  soft ;     g,  hard ;  a§  ;  exist ;  c  as  ng ;  this. 


UNPRODUCTIVE 


286 


UNTIL 


tJn/pro-du€'tive,  a.  Not 
fruitful ;  barren  ;  sterile. 

Un-prof'it-a-ble,  a.  Pro- 
ducing no  profit ;  serving  no 
purpose ;  useless. 

Un-pr6m'is-ing,  a.  Giving 
no  promise  of  good. 

tJn/pro-pi'tious  ( -pish/us ,)  a. 
Not  favorable  ;  dark  ;  dis- 
couragingj  adverse. 

Un-qual'i-fied,  a.  Not  quali- 
fied ;  not  fit ;  absolute. 

Un-ques'tion-a-ble  (-kwest/- 
yun-),  a.  Not  to  be  ques- 
tioned or  doubted ;  indubi- 
table ;  certain. 

Un-ques'tion-a-bly  (-kwest^- 
yun-),  adv.  Beyond  all 
doubt ;  indubitably,  [less. 

Un-qui'et,  a.    Uneasy  ;  rest- 

Un-rav'el  (-rava,  S),v.  t.  To 
disentangle ;  to  solve. 

Un-re'al,  a.  Not  real ;  hav- 
ing  appearance  only, 

Un-rea'son-a-ble  (-rS/zn-),  a. 
Exceeding  the  bounds  of 
reason  ;  immoderate  ;  exor- 
bitant ;  inordinate. 

Un-rea'son-a-ble-ness,  n. 
State  of  being  unreasonable. 

Uii-rea'son-a-bly,  adv.  Ex- 

^  cessiveTy  ;  immoderately. 

Un^re-gen'er-ate,  a.  Not 
regenerate  ;    remaining  at 

^  enmity  with  God. 

tJn/re-lent'ing,  a.  Feeling 

^  n-o  pity  ;  hard  ;  cruel. 

Un^re-mit'ting,  a.  Not  abat- 
ing ;  incessant ;  continued  ; 

^  persevering. 

TJn're-gerve',  n.  Absence  of 

^  reserve  ;  perfect  frankriess. 

tJii^re-§erved',   a.      Open  ; 

^  frank  ;  free  ;  ingenuous. 

Un^re-§erv'ed-ly,  adv.  \Fith- 
out  reservation  ;  frankly. 

Un-rest',  n.  Wfint  of  rest  or 
repose ;  unquietness.  [ging. 

Un-rig',  V.  t.  To  strip  of  rig- 
'Un-right'eoiis  (-ri/chus),  a. 
Not  righteous  ;  unjust  ; 
wicked  ;  evil. 

Un-right'eous-ness  (-ri^- 
chus-),  n.  ^yickedness. 

Un-rlpe',  a.  Not  ripe ;  imma- 
ture. 

Un-ri'valed,  )  a.  Having  no 
Un-ri' vailed,  i  rival;  peerless. 


Un-riv'et,  v.  t.   To  loose  the 

rivets  of ;  to  unfasten. 
Uii-r6be%  v.  t.    To  disrobe; 

to  undress. 
Un-roll',  V.  t.    To  open,  as 
what  is  rolled  ;  to  display. 

Un-roof ,  V.  t.  To  strip  off 
the  roof  or  covering  of. 

Un-root',  V.  t.  To  eradicate. 

Un-ruf  fled,  a.  Not  ruffled  ; 
calm  ;  tranquil ;  quiet. 

Un-ru'ly,  a.  Ungovernable ; 
turbulent ;  refractory. 

Un-sad'dle,  v.  t.  To  take  a 
saddle  from ;  to  unhorse. 

Un-safe',  a.  Not  safe  ;  not 
free  from  danger  ;  danger- 
ousj  perilous. 

TJn-saPa-ble  (11),  a.  Not  hav- 
ing a  quick  sale. 

Un-saVis-fa-c'to-ry,  a.  Not 
affording  satisfaction. 

Un-sa'vor-y,  a.  Not  savory  ; 
havjng  a  bad  taste ;  insipid. 

TJn-say',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
UNSAID.]  To  recall,  as 
what  has  been  said. 

Un-s€rew'  (-skrij/),  v.  t.  To 
loose  from  screws ;  to  with- 
draw, as  a  screw. 

Un-s€ru'pu-lous,  a.  Having 
no  scruples  ;  unprincipled. 

Un-seal',  v.  t.  To  open,  as 
'  what  is  sealed. 

Un-search'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  searched  into  ;  inscruta- 
ble; mysterious. 

Un-sea'son-a-ble  (-se/zn-),a. 
Not  seasonable  ;  ill-timed  ^ 
untimely  ;  unfit. 

Un-sea'son-a-bly,  adv.  Not 
in  due  "season,  [from  a  seat. 

Un-seat',  v.  t.     To  throw 

Un  seem'Iy,  a.  Not  seemly  ; 
unbecoming  ;  indecent ;  im- 
proper. —  adv.  Indecently, 

Un-seen',  a.  Not  seen  :  invisi- 
ble, [disturb. 

Un-set'tle,  v.  t.  To  unfix ;  to 

Un-shack'le,  v.  t.  To  loose 
from  shackles  ;  to  set  free. 

Un-shak'en,  a.  Not  shaken  ; 
firm  ;_  stable. 

Un-sheathe',  v.  t.  To  draw 
from  the  sheath.      [a  ship, 

Un-ship',  V.  t.  To  take  out  of 

Un-sight'ly  (-sTt/ly),  a.  Not 
sightly  ;  deformed  ;  ugly. 


Un-skill'ful,  )  a.  Wanting 
Un-skil'fui,   )     skill  or  dex- 
terity ;  clumsy. 
Un-skiU'ful-ness,  )  n.  Want 
Un-skiPful-ness,  j  of  skill; 

clumsiness. 
Un-so'cia-ble  (-so^sha-bl),  a. 

Not  sociable  ;  averse  to  so- 
^  ciety. 

tJn/so-phis'ti-«a/ted,  a.  Not 
adulterated  ;  pure  ;  j^imple. 

Un-sound',  a.  Not  sound ; 
defective  ;  deceptive. 

TJn-sound'ness,  n.  Defect- 
iveness; infirmity. 

Un-spar'ing,  a.  Not  sparing; 
liberal ;  profuse. 

Un-speak'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
uttered  or  expressed;  inef- 
fable; unutterable. 

Un-speak'a-bly,  adv.  In- 
expressibly ;  unutterably. 

Un-sp6t'ted,  a.  Not  spotted  ; 
spotless  ;  pure  ;  immaculate. 

Un-sta'ble,  a.  Not  stable  or 
steady.  — Syn.  Inconstant; 
irresolute  ;  wavering ;  muta- 
ble; changeful. 

Un-stead'y,  a.  Not  steady  5 
mutable  ;  variable  ;  change- 
able. 

Un-stop',  t.  To  take  a 
stopple  or  any  obstruction 
from ;  to  open. 

Un-string',  v.  t.  To  deprive 
of  strings  ;  to  relax  ;  to 
loosen  ;  to  take  from  a 
-String. 

tJn/su-c-Qgss'ful,  a.  Not  suc- 
cessful ;  meeting  with  fail- 
ure ;  unhappy. 

Un-suit'a-ble,  a.  Not  suit- 
able ;  unfit ;  improper. 

Un-siiit'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
unsuitable  manner ;  incon- 
gruously, [song. 

TJn-sung',  a.    Not  recited  io 

TJn-swathe',  v.  t.  To  relieve 
from  a  bandage. 

Un-tam'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
tamed  or  subdued. 

Un-think'ing,  a.  Thought- 
less ;  inconsiderate. 

Un-thrift'y,  a.  Prodigal ;  not 
thriving  ;  profuse  ;  lavish. 

Un-tie',  t.  To  loosen,  as  a 
knot ;  to  unbind. 

Un-til'  (16),  prep.    Till;  as 


5,  6, 1, 5,  Q,  y,  long:  a,     Y,  5,  tt,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  &sk,  all,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  tSrm ;  pYque,  fTrm ; 


UNTIMELY 


287 


URGENCY 


far  as.  —  conj.    Up  to  the 

time  that ;  till. 
TJn-time'ly,  a.    Not  timely  ; 

premature ;  unseasonable. 
Un-tir'ing,  a.    Not  tiring  ; 

enduring  ;  patient ;  indefat- 
^  igable. 

Vn' to,  prep.  To. 

Un-told',  a.  Not  told ;  not  re- 
lated ;  not  numbered. 

TJn-to'ward,  a.  Froward  ;  re- 
fractory ;  awkward  ;  cross  ; 
inconvenient. 

tJn-tract'a-hle,  a.  Ungovern- 
able ;  stubborn ;  intractable. 

Un-tr4v'eled,  a.  Not  trodden 
by  passengers  ;  not  trav- 
eled ;  never  having  seen 
foreign  countries. 

Un-true',  a.  Not  true  ;  false ; 
contrary  to  fact ;  disloyal. 

Un-tm'ly,  adv.  Falsely. 

Un-triiss',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 
a  truss ;  to  let  out. 

Un-truth',  n.  Falsehood  ; 
treachery ;  a  lie. 

Un-twme',  v.  t.  To  untwist. 

tin- twist',  V.  t.  To  separate 
and  open,  as  twisted 
threads  ;  to  disentangle. 

Un-used',  a.  Not  used  ;  not 
accustomed. 

Un-u'§u-al  (-yn^zhi]-),  a.  Not 
usual ;  uncommon  ;  rare  ; 
infrequent. 

TJn-ut'ter-a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  uttered ;  inexpressible. 

Un-var'nished  (-var/nisht), 
a.  Not  varnished  ;  plain  ; 
truthful. 

Un-veil',  v.  t.  To  remove  a 
veil  from  ;  to  uncover. 

Un-wa'ri-ly,  adv.  Heedlessly ; 
carelessly. 

Un-wa'ri-ness,  n.  Want  of 
caution  ;  heedlessness. 

Un-war'rant-a-ble  (un-wor^- 
rant-),  a.  Not  warrantable ; 
illegal;  improper. 

Uri-war'rant-a-bly,  adv. 
Without  warrant  or  author- 
ity ;  improperly. 

Un-wa'ry,  a.  Not  vigilant  or 
cautious  ;  precipitate. 

Un-wea'ried,  a.  Not  wea- 
ried ;  indefatigable. 

Un-weave',  v.  t.  Toundo^as 
what  has  been  woven. 


Un-wgll',  a.  Not  well ;  indis- 
posed ;  ill ;  aihng. 

Un-whole's6me  (-hol^sum), 
a.  Not  wholesome  ;  insalu- 
brious. 

Un-wield'y,  a.  Unmanage- 
ble  ;  bulky  ;  ponderous, 

Un-will'ing,  a.  Not  willing  : 
reluctant  ;  loath  ;  disin- 
clined. 

Un-wind',  v.  t,  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
UNWOUND.]  To  wind  otf; 
to  untwist ;  to  disentangle. 

Un-wlse',  a.  Not  wise  ;  in- 
judicfous ;  indiscreet. 

Un-wit'ting-ly,  adv.  With- 
out knowledge ;  ignorantly. 

Un-w6nt'ed,  a.  Unaccus- 
tomed ;  uncommon  ;  infre- 
quent ;  rare. 

Un-wor'thi-ly  (-wflr/thT-), 
adv.  Not  according  to  desert. 

Un-wor'tiii-ness  (-wQr/tlii-), 
n.    Want  of  worth. 

Un-wor'tiiy  (-wCir^tliJO,  «• 
Not  worthy  ;  wanting  merit ; 
worthless  ;  discreditable. 

Un- wreathe'  (-reeth/),  v.  t. 
To  untwist,  as  any  thing 
wreathed. 

Un- writ 'ten  (-rTtan),  a.  Not 
written  ;  oral ;  blank. 

Un-yield'ing,  a.  Not  yield- 
ing ;  stubborn  ;  obstinato. 

Un-y5ke',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 

^  a  yoke. 

Up,  adv.  Aloft  ;  on  high  ; 
above ;  from  a  lower  to  a 
higher  position  ;  in  a  higher 
place  or  position  ;  complete- 
ly.—  prep.  From  a  lower 
to  a  higher  place  on  or 
along ;  at  the  top  of. 

Up-braid',  v.  t.  To  charge 
with  something  wrong  ;  to 
reprove  severely.  —  Syn.  To 

^  reproach  ;  blame  ;  censure. 

tJp'-east,  a.  Thrown  upward. 

Up-heave',  v.  t.  To  heave  or 
lift  up  from  beneath 

Up-heav'al,  n.    A  heaving 

^  up  from  beneath. 

Up'hill,  a.  Ascending;  diffi- 
cult ;  laborious. 

Up-hold',  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.p. 
UPHELD.]  To  elevate  ;  to 
support ;  to  maintain  ;  to 
countenance. 


Up-hold'er,  n.  One  who  up- 
holds,     [furnishes  houses. 

Up-hol'ster-er,  n.    One  who 

Up-hol'ster-y,  n.  Furniture 

^  supplied  by  upholsterers. 

tJp'land,  n.  High  land.  —  a. 
Higher  in  situation. 

Up-lift',  v.  t.    To  raise  aloft. 

Up-6n',  prep.     On  ;  —  in  all 

^  the  senses  of  that  word. 

Up'per,  a.      Further  up  ; 

_  higher  in  place  ;  superior. 

Up'per-hand^  n.  Ascenden- 

^  cy  ;  superiority. 

Up'per-most,  a.  Highest  in 
place  or  rank.         [hft  up. 

Up-raige',  v.  t.    To  raise;  to 

Up'right  or  Up-right'  (-rlt), 
a.    Erect  ;    perpendicular ; 

_  just ;  honest. 

tJp'rlght-ly  or  Up-right'ly 
(-rit-),  adv.    In  an  upright 

^  manner  ;  honestly. 

tJp'right-ness  or  Up-right'- 
ness  (-rlt-),  n.    Erectness  ; 

^  honesty. 

tJp'roar,  n.    Great  noise  and 

disturbance ;  tumult. 
Up-rdbt',  v.  t.  To  root  up  ;  to 

eradicate. 
Up-set',  V.  t.  To  overturn  :  to 
^  overset.  [elusion. 
Up'shot,  n.  Final  issue ;  con- 
Up'side,  11.  The  upper  side. 
Up'start,  n.    One  suddenly 
^  raised  to  wealth  or  power. 
Up'ward,  a.    Directed  to  a 

higher  place, 
tlp'ward,   )  adv.    Toward  a 
tJp'wards,  j    higher  place  ; 

above  ;  in  the  upper  parts. 
U-ra'ni-um ,  n .  A  metal . 
"O'''ran-og'ra-phy,  \n.   A  dc- 
0^ran-61'o-gy,      I  scription 

of  the  heavens  and  heavcn- 
_  ly  bodies.  [ets. 
TJ'ra-nus,  n.  One  of  the  plan- 
'O'r'ban,  a.    Pertaining  to  a 

city. 

Ur-bane',  a.   PoHte;  court-. 

eous  ;  refined. 
Ur-ban'i-ty,  n.    Politeness  ; 

courtesy.  [hog. 
'O'r'chin,  n.  A  child  ;  a.  hedge- 
Crge,  V.  t.    To  impress;  to 

impel ;  to  incite;  to  solicit. 
"O'r'gen-gy,  n.    Pressure  of 
necessity ;  importunity. 


B6n,  or,  do,  W9lf,  tcTo,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rye,  p\ill ;  9,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  o  as  np: ;  this. 


URGENT 


288 


VAIN 


Or'^ent,  a.  Pressing  ;  ear- 
nest ;  importunate. 

t^'ri-nal,  n.  A  vessel  for  urine. 

"O'ri-na-ry,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
resembling,  urine. 

tjT'rme,  n.  A  fluid  secreted  by 
the  kidneys. 

tjrn,  11.  A  vessel  of  various 
form  ;  a  kind  of  vase.    [  We. 

Us(2), pron.  Objective  case  of 

tJs'age  (11),  w.  Mode  of  using ; 
treatment  ;  custom  ;  long- 
continued  practice. 

^se  (yijss),  ?T.  Act  of  employ- 
ing ;  employment  ;  necessi- 
ty ;  utility  ;  practice  ;  cus- 
tom ;  interest. 

tTse  (yijz),  V.  t.  To  employ  ; 
to  handle ;  to  treat ;  to  con- 
sume ;  to  render  familiar. — 
V.  i.   To  be  accustomed. 

tjTse'ful,  a.  Serviceable  ;  prof- 
itable ;  beneficial. 

tise'ful-ly ,  adv.  With  use  or 
profit. 

"Cse'ful-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  useful ;  utility. 

ITse'less,  a.  Having  no  use ; 
ansvrering     no     purpose  ; 

^  vain  ;  fruitless  ;  ineffectual. 

Ush'er,  n.  An  officer  to  in- 
troduce strangers,  or  to 
walk  before  a  person  of 


rank  ;  an  under  teacher.  — 

^  V.  t.  (8)  To  introduce. 

tJTs'que-baugh  (-baw),  n.  A 
kind  of  whisky. 

TJ'§u-al  (yij/zhij-),  a.  Custom- 
ary ;  common ;  ordinary. 

tj'§u-al-ly,  adv.  Customary. 

tr^su-eap'tion,  n.  Acquisi- 
tion of  a  right  to  property 
by  possession  of  it  for  a  cer- 
tain prescribed  term  of 
years. 

"C'su-fru-et  (yy^zhi}-),  n. 
Right  of  using  another's 
property  without  impairing 
the  substance. 

0'§u-rer  (yu/zhi)-),  n.  One 
who  practices  usury. 

U-su'ri-ous  (yi}-zu^-),  a. 
Practicing  usury. 

U-surp',  V.  t.  To  seize  and 
hold  possession  of  wrong- 
fully or  by  force. 

tr^'sur-pa'tion,  n.  Illegal 
seizure  or  possession. 

U-surp'er,  n.  One  who 
usurps. 

ti'su-ry  (yi]/zhu-),  n.  Ex- 
orbitant or  illegal  interest 
for  the  use  of  money. 

U-ten'sil,  n.  An  instrument ; 
a  household  implement  or 
vessel. 


T3"'ter-ine,  a.  Born  of  the 
same  mother,  but  by  a  dif- 
ferent father. 

U-tiPi-ta'ri-an,a.  Pertaining 
to  utility.  —  n.  One  who 
considers  utility  as  the  sole 
standard  of  virtue. 

U-tiFi-ta'ri-an-i§m,  n.  Doc- 
trine or  system  of  general 
utility. 

U-til'i-ty,  n.  Production  of 
good  ;  profit ;  usefulness. 

tJt'most,  a.    Extreme  ;  last 
greatest.  —  n.     The  most 
that  can  be. 

TJ-to'pi-an,  a.   Ideal ;  fanci" 

^  ful ;  chimerical. 

tJt'ter,  a.  Outward ;  extreme ; 
absolute ;  entire.  —  v.  t.  To 
speak  ;  to  pronounce ;  to  put 

^  in  circulation. 

tJt'ter-ange,  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  uttering ;  circulation ; 

^  pronunciation. 

Ut'ter-ly,  arfv.  Completely; 

^  fully- 

"O't'ter-most,  a.    Furthest  ; 

most  remote ;  extreme.  —  n. 

Greatest  degree. 
tT've-oiis,  a.    Like  a  grape. 
Ux-o'ri-ous,  a.  Submissively 

or  excessively  fond  of  a 

wife, 


Y. 


V(ve),  is  only  another  form 
of  the  character  U,  the 
two  letters  having  formerly 
been  used  indiscriminately, 
the  one  for  the  other. 
Va'€an-Qy,  n.  Emptiness  ; 
leisure  ;  vacuity ;  an  unoc- 
cupied office. 
Va'-cant,  a.    Empty  ;  void  ; 

unoccupied ;  abandoned. 
Va'-eate,  v.  t.  To  leave  empty  ; 

to  annul.  [recess. 
Va-ca'tion,  n.  Intermission  ; 
VS,€'Qi-nate,  v.  t.  To  inocu- 
late with  cow  pox  by  means 
of  virus  taken  ( usually  indi- 
rectly )  from  cows. 


Va-c^gi-na'tion,  n.  Art  or 
act  of  vaccination  ;  inocula- 
tion with  cow-pox. 

Va€'gme,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  derived  from,  cows,  or 
from  vaccination. 

Vag'il-lan-gy,  w.  Vacillation. 

Vag'il-latc,  v.  i.  To  waver  ; 
to  reel ;  to  fluctuate. 

Vag^il-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
vacillating  ;  a  wavering  ; 
unsteadiness ;  inconstancy. 

Va-€u'i-ty,  n.  Emptiness  ; 
void  ;  vacuum. 

Va€'u-um,  n.  Empty  space. 

Vag'a-b6nd,  n.  A  vagrant. 
—  a.     Wandering  idly  or 


without  any  settled  habita- 
tion, [whim. 

Va-ga'ry  (19),  w.  A  freak  \  a 

Va'gran-gy,  n.  A  wandering 
without  a  settled  home. 

Va'grant,  a.  Wandering ; 
unsettled.  —  n.  An  idl« 
wanderer  ;  a  strolling  beg- 
gar ;  a  tramp. 

Va^ue,  a.  Unsettled  ;  indefi- 
nite ;  loose.  [manner. 

Vague'ly,  adv.    In  a  vague 

Vail,  M.  A  covering  to  con- 
ceal;  a  veil. —  v.t.  To  hide 
from  sight ;  to  cover. 

Vain,  a.  Fruitless ;  ineffect- 
ual ;  having  a  high  opinion 


5,  e,  1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  6,  i,  6,n,^, short  /  care,  car, ask,  all,  whgit ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pYque,  firm ; 


VAINGLORIOUS 


289 


VEGETABLE 


of  one's  self,  or  of  what  be- 
longs to  one.  [ful. 

Vain-gl5'ri-ous,  a.  Boast- 

Vain-glo'ry,  n.  Empty  pride. 

Vain'ly,  adv.  Without  effect ; 
with  empty  pride. 

Va^l'anQC,  n.  Drapery  round 
a  bedstead.  [valley. 

Vale,  n.    A  low  ground  ;  a 

VaPe-di€'tion,  n.  A  bidding 
farewell;  an  adieu. 

Val'e-di€'to-ry,  a.  Bidding 
farewell.  —  n.  A  farewell 
address. 

Val'en-tine,  n.  A  sweetheart 
chosen,  or  a  letter  sent  to  a 
sweetheart,  on  St.  Valen- 
tine's day,  the  14th  of  Feb. 

Va-le'ri-an,  n.  A  plant  used 
in  medicine. 

Val'et  (or  viiKa),  n.  A  person- 
al attendant^ 

V^-Pe-tu^di-na'ri-an,  a.  Sick- 
ly ;  infirm.  —  n.  A  person 
in  a  weak  state  of  health. 

VaFe-tu'di-na-ry,  a.  In- 
firm ;  sickly ;  weakly ;  seek- 
ing to  recover  health. 

Vai'iant,  a.  Intrepid  in 
danger  ;  performed  with 
valor.  —Syn.  Stout;  bold  ; 
brave  ;  courageous  ;  heroic. 

Val'id,  a.  Firm  ;  good  in  law. 

Va-lid'i-ty,  n.  Legal  force  ; 
strength  ;  cogency. 

Va-l'ise',  n.  A  traveling-case ; 
a  portmanteau. 

Val-la'tion,  n.  A  rampart ; 
an  intren^hment. 

Val'ley  (19),  n.  A  low  place 
between  hills  ;  a  vale. 

Val'or  (33),  n.  Courage  ; 
bravery ;  prowess ;  intrepid- 
ity ;  gallantry. 

Val'or-ous,  a.  Valiant ;  gal- 
lant; brave.  [precious. 

Val'u-a-ble,  a.  Having  value  ; 

VaPu-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  fix- 
ing the  value ;  appraise- 
ment ;  value  set. 

Val'ue,  n.  Worth  ;  price  ; 
rate.  —  v.  t.  To  estimate 
the  worth  of ;  to  rat«  ;  to 
appraise  ;  to  prize. 

Valve,  n.  A  folding  door  ;  a 
lid  opening  only  one  way. 

Valv'u-lar,  a.  Having,  or  re- 
lating to,  valves. 


Vamp,  n.  Upper  leather  of 
a  shoe.  —  t\  t.  To  put  new 
upper  leather  on  ;  to  mend. 

Vam'pire,  n.  A  species  of 
bat ;  a  fabled  demon. 

Van,  n.  Front  of  an  army  ; 
a  kind  of  wagon. 

Van'dal,  n.  A  man  of  un- 
common ferocity  ;  an  igno- 
rant barbarian. 

Van'dal-ism,  w.  Ferocious 
cruelty ;  "barbarism. 

Van-dyke',  n.  A  kind  of 
neckerchief  with  points. 

Vane,  n.  A  plate  to  show  the 
direction  of  the  wind  ;  a 
weathercock. 

Van'guard,  n.  Troops  in 
front ;  first  line  of  an  army. 

Va-nil'la,  n.  A  tropical 
plant,  and  an  oil  and  a  per- 
fume extracted  from  it. 

VSn'ish,  t'.  I.  To  disappear; 
to  become  invisible. 

Van'i-ty,  n.  Empty  pride  ; 
ostentation  ;  conceit. 

V3,n'quish  (vSnk/wish),  v.  t. 
To  conquer ;  to  subdue ;  to 
overcome ;  to  beat. 

Van'tage,  n.  Superiority. 

V^n'tage-ground,  n.  Su- 
periority of  place  or  state. 

Vap'id,  a.  Spiritless  ;  flat ; 
insipid  ;  dull. 

Va'por  (33),  n.  A  fluid  ren- 
dered aeriform  by  heat  ; 
steam  ;  {■pi.)  a  disease  of 
debility.  —  v.  i.  To  emit 
vapor ;  to  brag  ;  to  boast. 

Vap^o-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
verting into  vapor. 

Va'por-bath,  n.  A  bath  of 
vapor  or  steam. 

Vap'or-ize,  V.  t.  To  convert 
into  vapor. 

Va'por-y,  a.  Full  of  vapors  ; 
splenetic";  peevish. 

Va'ri-a-ble,  a.  Changeable; 
mutable  ;  inconstant. 

Va'ri-a-ble-ness,  n.  Aptness 
to  change  ;  inconstancy. 

Va'ri-a-bly,  adv.  Change- 
ably  ;  inconstantly. 

Va'ri-ange,  n.  Disagreement. 

Va^ri-a'tion,  n.  A  change  ; 
deviation ;  difference. 

Var'i-€OSe,  a.  Preternatu- 
raUy  enlarged,  as  a  vein. 


Va'ri-e-gate,  v.  t.   To  direr- 

sify ;  to  vary. 

Va^ri-e-ga'tion,  n.  Diversity 
of  colors. 

Va-ri'e-ty,  n.  Change  ;  dif- 
ference ;  diversity. 

Va'ri-o-loid,  or  V3,r'i-o- 
loid^,  n.  A  disease  resem- 
bling the  small-pox. 

Va-ri'o-lous,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  small-pox. 

Va'ri-ous,  a.  Different;  di- 
verse, [ent  ways. 

Va'ri-ous-ly,  adv.    In  difler- 

Var'let,  n.  A  servant  or  foot- 
man ;  a  scoundrel ;  a  rascal. 

Var'nish,  n.  A  glossy  liquid. 
—  V.  t.  To  lay  varnish  on. 

Va'ry  (13),  v.  t.  To  alter ; 
to  differ ;  to  diversify. —  v.  i. 
To  be  altered  in  any  man- 
ner ;  to  be  different ;  to  de- 
viate ;  to  depart ;  to  disagree. 

V3,s'<iu-lar,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  consisting  of,  vessels. 

Vase  {in  England,  vaz  or 
vaz),  n.  An  ornamental 
urn-shaped  vessel. 

Vas'sal,  n.  A  dependent ;  a 
bondman. 

V5.s'sal-age,  n.  Slavery ; 
bondage ;  thralldom. 

Vast,  a.  Immense  ;  great ; 
numerous ;  enormous. 

Vas-ta'tion,  n.  A  laying 
waste ;  devastation.  [ly. 

Vast'ly,adf.  Greatly ;  huge- 

Vast'ness,  n.  Immense  ex* 
tent  ;  immensity. 

Vat,  n.  A  large  cistern. 

Va-tiQ'i-nate ,  v.  i.  To  proph- 
esy ;  to  foretell.  [cy. 

Va-tiQ^i-na'tion,  n.  Propho- 

Vault,  n.  A  continued  arch, 
or  an  arched  roof  or  ceiling  ; 
a  cellar.  —  v.  t.  To  arch  ; 
to  cover  with,  or  shape  to, 
a  vault,  —  V.  i.    To  leap. 

Vault 'ed,  a.  Arched ;  con- 
cave. 

Vaunt  (vant),  v.  i.  To  boast; 
to  brag.  —  n.  Vain  boast. 

Veal,  n.    Flesh  of  a  calf. 

Ve-dette'  (ve-detO,  n.  A  sen- 
tinel on  horseback. 

Veer,  v.  t.  or  /.  To  turn;  to 
turn  aside ;  to  change. 

Veg'e-ta-ble,  n.  A  plant,  ea^ 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  tc7o,  to^ok  ;  (kn,  rye,  p\iU  ;  9,     soft ;  €,  g,  hard}  a§  ;  exist ;  o  as  ng ;  ttiia. 


VEGETATE 


290 


VERJUICE 


pecially  an  edible  plant. — a. 
Of  the  nature  of  plants. 

Veg'e-tate,  v.  i.  To  grow,  as 
plants.  [plants. 

Veg^e-ta'tion,  n.  Growth  of 

Veg'e-ta/tive,  a.  Growing, 
as  plants. 

Ve'lie-menge,  w.  Violent  ac- 
tivity or  force ;  ardor. 

Ve'he-ment,  a.  Acting  with 
force.  —  Syn.  Furious  j  ear- 
nest ;  ardent ;  eager. 

Ve'hi-«le,  n.    A  carriage. 

Veil,  n.  A  thin  cover  for 
the  face.  —  v.  t.  To  throw  a 
veil  over  ;  to  conceal. 

Vein,  n.  A  vessel  which  re- 
turns the  blood  to  the  heart ; 
a  current.  —  v.  t.  To  form 
or  mark  with  veins. 

Veined,  )  a.    Full  of  veins  ; 

Vein'y,  j  variegated. 

Vel'Iiun,  n.  A  fine  kind  of 
parchment. 

Ve-16Q'l-pede,  n.  A  kind  of 
light  vehicle  for,  and  pro- 
pelled by,  a  single  person. 

Ve-16Q'i-ty,  n.  Swiftness  ;  ra- 
pidity ;  celerity ;  speed. 

Vel'vet,  n.  A  rich  silk  stuff, 
or  stuff  of  silk  and  cotton, 
with  a  thick  nap.  —  a.  Like 
velvet;  soft;  smooth. 

VePvet-een',  n,  A  kind  of 
velvet  made  partly  of  cot- 
ton, [vet. 

V61'vet-y,  a.    Soft ;  like  vel- 

Ve'nal,  a.  Mercenary  ;  sor- 
did ;  — pertaining  to  a  vein, 
or  to  veins. 

Ve-n^l'i-ty,  n.  Mercenari- 
ness. 

Vend,  v.t.  To  sell ;  to  offer 
for  sale. 

Ven-dee',  n.  One  to  whom 
a  thing  is  sold. 

V6nd'er,  n.    One  who  sells. 

Vend'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  sold  ;  salable. 

Ven-di'tion  (-dish^un),  n. 
Act  of  selling  ;  sale. 

Ven-due',  n.  Public  sale  to 
the  highest  bidder ;  auction. 

Ve-neer',  v.  t.  To  overlay 
with  thin  pieces  of  wood. — 
n.  Tliin  slices  of  a  valuable 
wood  for  overlaying  some  in- 
ferior material. 


VSn'er-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
veneration  or  reverence. 

Ven'er-ate, -u.  t.  To  regard 
with  respect  and  revei'ence. 

Ven/er-a'tion,  n.  Highest 
degree  of  respect  and  rev- 
erence. 4 

Ve-ne're-al,  a.  Kelating  tcr 
sexual  intercourse. 

Ven^e-se-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
opening  a  veia  to  let  blood. 

Venge'ange,  n.  Intiiction  of 
pain  in  return  for  an  injury ; 
revenge. 

Venge'ful,  a.  Vindictive  ; 
revengeful.  [cusable. 

Ve'ni-al,  a.  Pardonable ;  ex- 

Ven'i-son  (ven^i-zn  or  ven^- 
zn),  n.  The  flesh  of  deer, 
hares,  &c.  [spite. 

Ven'ora,  n.  Poison ;  malice  ; 

Ven'om-oiis,  a.  Poisonous. 

Ve'nous,  a.  Contained  in, 
or  relating  to,  the  veins. 

Vent,  n.  A  passage  for  a 
fluid.  —  V.  t.  To  let  out ; 
to  emit ;  to  utter ;  to  report. 

Vent'-hole,  n.  A  small  hole 
for  air ;  a  vent.        [for  air. 

Ven'ti-du-et,  n.    A  passage 

Ven'ti-late,  r.  /.  To  fan ;  to 
expose  to  air  ;  to  make  pub- 
lic. 

Ven/ti-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  ven- 
tilating. 

Ven'ti-la^'tor,  n.  One  who 
ventilates  ;  a  contrivance  to 
introduce  pure  air. 

Ven'tral,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  belly. 

Ven'tri-€le,  n.  A  cavity  in 
an  animal  body,  as  of  the 
brain,  larynx,  or  heart. 

Ven-tril'o-qui§m,  n.  Art  of 
speaking  so  that  the  voice 
seems  to  come  from  a  dis- 
tance. 

Ven-tril'o-quist,  n.  One  who 
practices  ventriloquism. 

Vent'ure,f.  i.  To  have  cour- 
age to  do  or  undertake  some- 
thing ;  to  run  a  risk.  —  S  YN. 
To  dare ;  hazard  ;  risk.  — n. 
A  risking ;  haz.ard ;  chance ; 
contingency;  stake. 

V6nt'ure-s6me, )  a.  Inclined 

Vent'iir-oilS,  I  to  vent- 
ure ;  bold ;  daring. 


VSn'iie,  n.  A  neighborfiood> 

or  near  place. 

Ve'nus,  n.  Goddess  of  female 
be.auty  and  love ;  a  planet. 

Ve-ra'cioiis ,  a.  Observant 
of  truth  ;  trvitliful. 

Ve-rag'i-ty,  n.  Observance 
of  truth ;  truthfulness. 

Ve-ran'da  (18),  n.  A  kind  of 
open  portico. 

Verb,  n.  A  word  which  af- 
firms something  of  some 
person  or  thing. 

Verb'al,  a.  Spoken  ;  oral  ; 
relating  to  words ;  literal. 

Verb'al-ly,  adv.  By  word  of 
mouth ;  orally. 

Ver-ba'tim,  adv.  Word  for 
word ;  in  the  same  words. 

Ver'bi-age,  n.  Wordiness; 
verbosity. 

Ver-bose',  a.  Abounding  in 
words;  prolix;  wordy. 

Ver-b6s'i-ty,  n.  The  use  of 
too  many  words ;  prolixity. 

Ver'dan-gy,  n.  Greenness  j 
rawness.  [raw. 

Ver'dant,  a.    Green  ;  fresh; 

Ver'di-et,  n.  The  decision  of 
a  jury  in  a  case  submitted 
to  them  ;  opinion  pro- 
nounced, [copper. 

Ver'di-gr'is,  n.  Green  rust  of 

Verd'ure,  n.  Greenness ; 
freshness  of  vegetation. 

Verge,  n.  A  kind  of  rod  or 
mace ;  border ;  brink ;  edge. 
—  V.  i.  To  approach  the 
limits  ;  to  incline ;  to  tend. 

Verg'er,  n.    A  mace-bearer. 

Ver-'i-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
verifying ;  confirmation. 

Ver'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  prove  to 
be  true  ;  to  confirm  ;  to  au- 
thenticate, [tainly. 

Ver'i-ly,  adv.    Truly ;  cer- 

Ver^i-sim'i-lar,  a.  Probable. 

Ver^i-si-miPi-tude,  n.  Re- 
semblance to  truth;  prob- 
ability ;  likelihood. 

Ver'i-ta-ble,  a.  Agreeable  to 
fact;  true;  actual;  real. 

V6r'i-ta-bly,  adv.  Really  ; 
truly  ;  actually.  [ality. 

Vgr'i-ty  (19),  n.    Truth  ;  re- 

Ver'juige,  n.  Sour  juice  ex- 
pressed from  wild  apples, 
gi-een  grapes,  &c. 


E, S,  1, 6,  u,  y,  long ;     g,  1, 6,  fl,  5^,  short ;  care,  ciir, ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere, veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  Arm ; 


VERMICELLI 


291 


VICINAGE 


Ver-'ml-cel'll  {-chmi  or 
-seFIi),  n.  A  paste  made 
into  a  slender,  worm-like 
form.  [worm. 

Ver-mi€'u-Iar,  a.     Like  a 

Ver-mi-e'u-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
lay so  as  to  give  the  appear- 
ance of  the  tracks  of  worms. 

Ver-mi€^u-la'tion,  n.  Mo- 
tion like  that  of  a  worm,  or 
something  resembling  such 
motion.      [to  expel  worms. 

Ver'mi-fuge,  n.    A  medicine 

Ver-mil'lon  (-mil^yun),  n. 
A  bright  red  pigment  or 
color ;  cochineal. 

VSr'min,  n.  All  sorts  of  small 
noxious  animals. 

Ver-mip'a-rous,  a.  Produ- 
cing worms.       [on  worms. 

Ver-miv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding 

Ver-na€'u-lar,  a.  Native ; 
belonging  to  the  country  of 
one's  birth. 

Veronal,  a.  Belonging  to,  or 
appearing  in,  the  spring. 

Ver'sa-tile,  a.  Turning  with 
ease  from  one  thing  to  an- 
other ;  variable. 

Ver/sa-til'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  versatile. 

Verse  (18),  n.  A  single  line 
of  poetry  ;  a  short  division 
of  a  prose  composition. 

Versed  (vSrst),  a.  Well 
skilled  ;  practiced ;  acquaint- 
ed ;  conversant. 

Ver'si-fi-€a'tion,  M.  The  art 
of  composing  verses. 

Ver'si-fi^er,  n.  One  who 
turns  prose  into  verse. 

Ver'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  describe 
in  verse ;  to  turn  into  verse. 
—  v.i.    To  make  verses. 

Ver'sion,  n,    A  translation. 

Ver'te-bra,  n.  {pi.  Verte- 
brae, 25.)  One  of  the  joints 
of  the  spine,  [the  vertebrae. 

Ver'te-bral,  a.    Relating  to 

Ver'te-brate,  a.  Having  a 
back-bone.  —  n.  An  animal 
having  a  back-bone. 

Ver'te-bre  (-ber),  n.  A  ver- 
tebra ;  a  joint  of  the  spine. 

Ver'tex,  n.  {pi.  Vgr'tex-eg 
or  Ver'ti-ges,  25.)  The 
crown  or  top  f  summit. 
Ver'ti-eal,  a.    Being  in  the 


zenith ;  perpendicular ;  up- 1  V5t'er-i-na-ry,  a.  Pertaining 


right ;  plumb. 

Ver-tiQ'i-ty,  n.  Power  of 
turning ;  rotation. 

Ver-tig'i-nous,  a.  Affected 
with  vertigo  ;  giddy  ;  dizzy. 

Ver'ti-go,  n.  A  swimming 
of  the  head  ;  dizziness. 

Ver'vain,  n.   A  plant. 

Ver'y,  a.  True  ;  real ;  actu- 
al. —  adv.  In  or  to  a  great 
degree',  eminently. 

Ves'i-€ate,  v.  t.    To  blister. 

Ves^i-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
raising  blisters. 

Ves'i-ea-to-ry,  a.  Having  a 
power  to  blister.  —  n.  A 
blistering  application. 

Ves'i-ele,  n.  A  little  air- 
bladder. 

Ve-si-e'u-lar,  a.    Pertaining  ^  Vi'al^  ^-     small  bottle 


to  the  art  of  healing  the 
diseases  of  domestic  animals. 
Ve'to  (18),  n.    An  authorita- 
tive prohibition. —  v.t.  To 
forbid  the  enactment  of. 
Vex,  V.  t.    To  tease  ;  to  pro- 
voke ;  to  irritate. 
Vex-a'tion ,  « .  Act  of  irritat- 
ing ;  trouble ;  annoyance. 
Vex-a'tious,  a.  Provoking; 

troublesome. 
Vi'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of  living, 
as  a  child  prematurely  bom. 

ri'a-du-ct, 
A  structure  { 
for  canning! 
a     railr^d  f 
across  a  val- 
ley or  river. 


to,  or  consisting  of,  vesicles. 
Ves'per,  n.  The  evening  star ; 

evening  ;  Venus  ;  {pi. )  even- 
ing song  or  service. 
Ves'sel,  n.    A  hollow  dish 

of  any  kind ;  a  cask  ;  a  tube  ; 

any  structure  intended  for 

navigation,  &c. 
Vest,  n.     Any  garment ;  a 

waistcoat.  — r.  t.  To  clothe  ; 

to  put  in  possession.  —  v.  i. 

To  come  or  descend. 
Ves'tal,   a.     Pertaining  to 

Vesta,  a  virgin  goddess  of 

the  Romans  ;   chaste.  —  n. 

A    virgin    consecrated  to 

Vesta. 

Vest'ed,  a.  Fixed  ;  not  con- 
tingent, as  rights. 

Ves'ti-bule,  n.  An  ante- 
chamber between  the  hall 
and  the  outer  doors  ;  a  kind 
of  porch.  [a  trace, 

Ves'tige  (18),  n.  A  footstep ; 

Vest'ment,  n.    A  garment. 

Ves'try,  n.  A  room  for  vest- 
ments in  a  church ;  a  paro- 
chial committee. 

Vest'ure,  n.  A  garment ; 
articles  worn.  —  Syn.  Ap- 
parel ;  dress  ;  clothing. 

Vetch,  n.  A  leguminous  plant. 

Vet'er-an,  a.  Long  exercised 
in  any  thing,  especially  in 
war.  —  n.    An  old  soldier. 

VeVer-i-na'ri-an,  n.  One 
skilled  in  diseases  of  cattle. 


(^)    To  put  into  a  vial,  or 
into  vials,     [food;  victuals. 
Vi'andg,  71.  pi.    Articles  of 
Vi'brate,  f.  /.  or  ?.    To  move 

to  and  fro  ;  to  oscillate. 
Vi-bra'ticn,  n.     Act  of  vi- 
brating; oscillation. 
Vi'bra-to-ry,  a.  Consisting 
in  vibration  or  oscillation ; 
causing  vibration. 
Vi-e'ar,  n.  Incumbent  of  an 

appropriated  benefice. 
Vi€'ar-age,  n.    Benefice  or 

residence  of  a  vicar. 
Vi-ea'ri-ous,  a.    Acting  in 
place  of  another  ;  deputed  ,* 
delegated  :  substituted. 
Vlge,  n.    A  blemish  ;  fault ; 
immoral  conduct  or  habit ; 
a  smith's  instrument. 
Vi'Qe,  a  Latin  prefix,  denot- 
ing one  who  acts  in  the 
place  of  another. 
ViQe'-ad/mi-ral,  n.   An  offi- 
cer next  in  rank  to  an  ad- 
miral, [for  the  consul. 
Vige-eSn'sul,  w.  One  acting 
VIge-ge'rent,  n.   An  officer 

acting  in  place  of  another. 
VIge-re'gal,a.  Pertaining  to 

a  viceroy. 
Vice'roy,  n.     A  governor 
ruling  as  the  substitute  of 
a  king., 
Vige  roy'al-ty,  n.   Office  or 

jurisdiction  of  a  viceroy. 
Vig'i-nage,n.  Neighborhood. 


sOn,  6r,  dg,  W9lf,  tcTo,  tdbk;  to,  rae,  pyU ;  f,     soft;     g,  hmd;  a§  j  e^yst ;  c  aa  ng  j  ttiis. 


yicmiTY 


292 


VISCID 


Vi-gln'i-ty,  n.  Neighborhood. 

Vi'cious  (vlsh'us),  a.  Im- 
moral ;  depraved  ;  corrupt ; 
wicked  ;  unruly. 

Vi-gis'si-tude,  n.  Regular 
change  ;  alternation  ;  muta- 
tion ;  mutual  succession. 

Vi€'tiin,  n.  A  living  being 
sacrificed ;  something  de- 
stroyed ;  a  dupe. 

Vi€'tim-ize,  v.  t.  To  make  a 
victim  or  dupe  of. 

Vi^'tor,  n.  A  conqueror. 

Vi-e-t5'ri-ous,  a.  Superior 
in  contest.  —  Syn.  Con- 
quering ;  triumphant ;  suc- 
cessful. 

Vi€'to-ry,  n.  Conquest ; 
triumph ;  success. 

Vict'ual  (vit^l,  8),  V.  t.  To 
supply  with  provisions. 

Vict'ual-er  (vit^l-er),  n.  One 
who  supplies  provisions. 

Vict'ualg  (vit/lz),n.;?/.  Food 
prepared  for  the  table. 

Vi-d6Pi-Qet,  adv.  To  wit; 
namely  ;  —  abbreviated  viz. 

Vie  (12),  V.  i.  To  strive  for 
superiority ;  to  contend. 

View  (vu),  V.  t.  To  see;  to 
behold  ;  to  survey.  —  n. 
Sight ;  survey  ;  inspection ; 
prospect ;  opinion. 

View'less  (vu/-),a.  Invisible. 

Vig'il,  w.  Watch;  nocturnal 
devotion  ;  a  fast. 

Vig'i-lanQe,  n.  Watchfulness. 

Vig'i-lant,  a.  Watchful ; 
circumspect ;  attentive. 

Vignette  (vin-yet^  or  ym'- 
yet),  n.  A  wood-cut  or  en^ 
graving,  in  a  book,  not  in- 
closed within  a  definite  bor- 
der. 

Vig'or  (33),  n.  Energy  ;  force 
of  body  or  strength  of 
mind ;  strength. 

Vig'or-ous,  a.  Full  of,  or 
exhibiting,  active  force.  — 
Syn.  Strong,-  powerful; 
forcible  ;  agile. 

Vile,  a.  Contemptibly  mean 
or  low  ;  base ;  sordid. 

Vile'ly,  adv.  Basely  ;  mean- 
ly ;  shamefully. 

Vil'i-fPer,  n.  One  who  vili- 
fies ;  a  traducer.  [traduce. 

Vil'i-fy,  t'.       To  defame;  to 


Vil'15l(18),n.  A  country  resi- 
dence ;  a  country-seat. 

Vil'lage,  n.  A  small  in- 
habited place,    f  of  a  village. 

ViPla-ger,  n.    An  inhabitant 

Villain,  n.  A  feudal  tenant 
of  the  lowest  class ;  a  vile, 
wicked  person  ;  a  rascal. 

Vil'lain-ous  (  (27),  a.  Wicked; 

ViFlan-ous  i  base. 

Villain -y  )  (27),  n.  Extreme 

Vil'la-ny  j  depravity  or 
wickedness. 

Vil'lan-age,  n.  Feudal  serv- 
itude. 

Vil-lose', )  a.  Nappy ;  downy ; 

Villous,  j  shaggy;  velvety. 

Vi-mm'e-ous,  a.  Made  of,  or 
producing,  twigs. 

Vi-na'ceous  (-na^shus),  o. 
Belonging  to  wine  or  grapes. 

Vm'di-eate,  v.t.  To  defend 
with  success  ;  to  justify  ;  to 
maintain ;  to  support. 

Vm^di-ea'tion,  n.  Justifica- 
tion; defense;  support. 

Vin'di-ea/tive,  )  a.  Tend- 

Vin'di-ea-to-ry, )  ing  to 
vindicate.  [vindicates. 

Vin'di-ca^tor,  n.    One  who 

Vin-di-e'tive,  a.  Revengeful. 

Vine,  n.  A  climbing  plant  pro- 
ducing grapes ;  hence,  any 
climbing  or  trailing  plant. 

Vin'e-gar,  n.  An  acid  liquor 
obtained  from  wine,  cider, 
&c.,  by  fermentation. 

Vine'yard  (vineyard),  n.  A 
plantation  of  grape-vines. 

Vi'nous,  o..  Having  the  qual- 
ities of,  or  pertaining  to, 
wine. 

Vint'a^e,  n.     Produce,  in 

grapes  or  in  wine,  of  vines ; 

time  of  grape-gathering. 
Vint'a-ger,  n.      One  who 

gathers  the  vintage. 
Vint'ner ,  n.  A  dealer  in  wines. 
VIn'y,  a.  Pertaining  to  vines. 
Vi'ol,  n.    A  stringed  musical 

instrument. 
Vi'o-la,?i.  An  instrument  of 

the  violin  kind,  a  fifth  lower 

in  compass  than  the  violin. 
Vi'o-la-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  violated. 
Vi^o-la'ceous,  a.  Like  violets 

in  color. 


Vi'o-late,  V.  t.  To  abuse;  to 
do  violence  to ;  to  ravish. 

VPo-la'tion,n-.  Act  of  violat- 
ing ;  transgression  ;  rape. 

Vi'o-lenQe,  w.  Highly  excited 
action ;  unjust  force ;  rape. 

Vi'o-lent,  a.  Excited  by 
strong  passion ;  outrageous; 
furious ;  extreme. 

Vi'o-let,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
flower ;  a  dark,  reddish-blue 
color. 

VPo-lin',  n.  A  stringed  in- 
strument of  music  ;  a  fiddle. 

Vi'per,  n.  A  kind  of  poison- 
ous serpent. 

Vi'per-ine,  a.  Pertaining  to 
vipers. 

Vi-ra'go  {pi  Vi-ra'goes,  18), 
n.  A  bold,  masculine  wom- 
an ;  a  termagant. 

Vir'gin,  n.  A  maid ;  a  maiden. 
—  a.  Chaste;  maidenly; 
modest ;  pure  ;  undefiled ; 
new ;  fresh. 

Vir'gin-al,  a.  Maidenly. 

Vir-gi'n'i-ty,  n.  Maidenhood. 

Vi-rid'i-ty,  n.  Greenness. 

Wrile,or  Virile,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  males. 

Vi-rill-ty  (vi-  or  vi-),  n.  Man- 
hood. 

Vir-tu',  n.  A  love  of  the  fine 
arts ;  a  taste  for  curiosities. 

Virt'u-al,  a.  Being  in  essence 
or  effect ;  not  in  fact. 

Virt'u-al-ly,  adv.  In  efficacy 
or  effect  only. 

Vir'tue,  n.  Strength  ;  effi- 
cacy ;  moral  excellence. 

Vir^tu-o'so,  n.  {pi.  Vir'tu-o'- 
s6§  or  Vir/tu-6'si,  18,  25.) 
One  skilled  in  the  fine  arts, 
in  curiosities,  &c. 

Virt'u-ous,  o.  Morally  good ; 
righteous;  chaste;  pure. 

Vir'u-lenge,  n.  Poisonous- 
ness;  malignity. 

Vir'u-lent,  a.  Very  poison- 
ous; malignant;  bitter. 

Vi'rus,M.  Contagious  matter 
from  ulcers,  &c.  ;  poison. 

Vig'age,  n.  The  face  ;  coun- 
tenance ;  look ;  features. 

Vis'ger-a,  n.  pL  The  bowel?. 

Vis'Qer-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  viscera. 

Vis'gid,a.  Glutinous;  sticky. 


5,  e, 1, 0.  u,    long ;  S,  6,  Y,  6,  ti,  ^ ,  short ;  cSre,  cir,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  Ore,  veU,  t5rm ;  pique,  firm  j 


VISCIDITY 


293 


VOMIT 


Vis-Qid'i-ty,  \n.  Glutinous- 

Vis-e6s'i-ty , )  ness ;  sticki- 
ness ;  tenacity. 

VIs'€Ount  (vl'kount),  n.  A 
nobleman  next  in  rank  be- 
low an  earl. 

Vis'€Ount-ess  (vFkount-),  n. 
A  viscount's  wife. 

Vis'€Ous,  a.  Glutinous  ;  ad- 
hesive; stick> 

Vise,  n.  An  instrument  for 
griping  and  holding  things. 

Vi§'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  The  state 
or  quality  of  being  visible. 

Vis'i-ble,  a.  Perceivable  by 
tiie  eye  ;  perceptible. 

Vis'i-bly,  adv.  Perceptibly  ; 
plainly ;  clearly. 

Vig'ion  (vTzh^un),  n.  Faculty 
or  sense  of  sight;  appari- 
tion ;  phantom. 

Vis'ion-a-ry  (vizh-'un-),  a. 
Given  to  reverie ;  imagina- 
ry ;  having  no  foundation. 
—  n.  One  who  forms  im- 
practicable schemes. 

Vig'it  (8),  V.  t.  To  go  or  come 
to  see;  to  examine. — n. 
Act  of  going  or  coming  to 
see ;  examination. 

Vis'it-ant,  n.  One  who  visits. 

Vi§/it-a'tioii,  n.  Act  of  visit- 
ing ;  access  for  examination. 

Vi§'it-or,  n.  One  who  visits. 

Vi§'or,  or  Vi'gor,  n.  A  mask; 
disguise  ;  forepiece  of  a  cap. 

Vig'ta  (18),  n.  A  prospect  or 
view  through  an  avenue ; 
the  avenue  itself. 

Vi§'u-al  (vizh^'yij-),  a.  Be- 
longing to  the  sight ;  used 
in  sight. 

Vi'tal,  a.  Pertaining  to  life ; 
very  important.  — Syn.  Es- 
sential ;  necessary ;  imme- 
diate; absolute. 

Vi-tai'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  vital ;  principle  of  life ; 
animation  ;  tenacity  of  life. 

VPtal-ly,  adv.  In  a  manner 
affecting  life ;  essentially. 

VPtal§,  n.  pL  Parts  of  ani- 
mal bodies  essential  to  life, 
or  to  a  sound  state. 

Vi'ti-ate  (vish/i-at),  v.  t.  To 
make  vicious  or  faulty ;  to 
injure  ;  to  invalidate. 

Vi^ti-a'tion  (vish-i-),  n.  Dep- 


ravation ;  corruption  5  in- 
validation. 

Vit're-ous,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  resembling,  glass. 

Vit'ri-f^e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
converting  into  glass  by 
heat.  [glass. 

Vit'ri-fy,  V.    To  convert  into 

Vit'ri-ol,  n.  A  soluble  sul- 
phate of  any  metal. 

Vit^ri-dPi-c,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  obtained  from,  vitriol. 

Vi-tu'per-ate,  v.  t.  To  over- 
whelm with  abuse 

Vi-tu'per-a'tion,  11.  Severe 
censure ;  abuse. 

Vi-tu'per-a-tive,a.  Contain- 
ing severe  censure ;  abusive. 

Vi-va'cious,  a.  Lively  ;  brisk. 

Vi-v^Q'i-ty,  n.  Liveliness  ; 
sprightliness ;  animation. 

Viv'id,  a.  Lively;  bright; 
active;  spirited;  sprightly. 

Viy/i-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
vivifying.  [to. 

Viv'i-fy,  V.  t.  To  impart  life 

Vl-vip'a-rous,  a.  Producing 
young  alive. 

Vix'en,  n.  A  cross,  ill-tem- 
pered woman. 

Viz'ard,  n.  A  mask. 

Viz'ier  (viz^yer  or  vT/zeer'),  n. 
A  high  executive  officer  in 
Turkey,  &c. 

V6'€a-ble,  n.  A  word ;  term. 

Vo-c3,b'u-la-ry,  n.  A  list  of 
words  arranged  alphabeti- 
cally and  explained  ;  sum  of 
words  used. 

Vo'-cal,  a.  Having  a  voice; 
spoken  with  voice  or  tone. 

Vo-eaPi€,  a.  Consisting  of 
the  voice,  or  of  vowel 
sounds.      [vocal  musician. 

Vo'-eal-ist,  n.     A  singer,  or 

Vo-€aPi-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  vocal.  [vocal. 

Vo'-eal-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  make 

Vo-«a'tion,  n.  Act  of  call- 
ing ;  occupation ;  employ- 
ment ;  calling ;  business. 

V6€'a-tive,  n.  Fifth  case  of 
Latin  nouns,  used  in  direct 
address. 

Vo-^if er-ate,  v.  i.  To  cry 
out  with  vehemence. 

Vo-Qif/er-a'tion,  n.  Loud  or 
violent  outcry ;  clamor. 


Vo-Qif'er-ous,  a.  Clamorous. 

Vogue  (vog),  n.  Temporary 
fashion  or  mode. 

Voige,  n.  Sound  uttered  by 
the  mouth  ;  a  vote  ;  suffrage. 

Void,  a.  Vacant;  empty; 
destitute  •,  null :  unsubstan- 
tial. —  n.  An  empty  space  ; 
a  vacuum.  — v.  t.  To  quit ; 
to  eject ;  to  annul. 

Void'ange,  n.  Act  of  void- 
ing ;  ejection . 

Void'er,  n.  One  who  voids; 
a  tray  for  removing  dishes. 

V61'a-tile,  a.  Evaporating 
quickly  ;  lively  ;  gay  ;  tickle. 

V6Pa-til'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 
to  fly  off  in  vapor  ;  levity. 

V6Pa-til-ize,  v.  t.  To  cause 
to  exhale  or  evaporate. 

VoI-C§,n'i€,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  produced  by,  a  volcano. 

Vol-ea'no,  n.  {pi.  Vol-ea'- 
n5e§,  18.)  A  mountain  emit- 
ting fire,  lava,  &c. 

Vo-li'tion  (-llsh/un),  n.  The 
act  or  power  of  willing. 

VdPley  (19),  n.  A  discharge 
of  many  small  arms  at  once. 

V6Pu-biPi-ty,  n.  Fluency  of 
speech. 

V6Pu-ble,  a.  Apt  to  roU; 
fluent 

V6Pu-bly,  adv.   In  a  rolling 

or  fluent  manner. 
VoPume  (voPyijm),  n.  A 

book  ;  dimensions ;  compass. 
Vo-lu'mi-nous,  a.  Consisting 

of  many  volumes  :  copious. 
V6Pun-ta-ri-ly,  adv.  Of  one's 

own  free  will. 
V6Pun-ta-ry,  a.  Proceeding 

from  choice  ;  willing ;  free. 

—  n.  An  air  played  at  will. 
VSPun-teer',  n.     One  who 

enters  into  any  service  of 

his  own  free  will.  —  v.  To 

offer  or  engage  voluntarily. 
Vo-lupt'u-a-ry,  n.  One  given 

to  luxury  ;  a  sensualist. 
Vo-Iupt'u-ous,  a.  Luxuri- 
ous ;  sensual. 
Vo-lute',  n.    A  kind  of  spiral 

scroll,  used  in  the  capital  of 

a  column. 
V6m'it,  V.  t.    To  throw  up 

from  the  stomach  ;  to  spew  ; 

to  puke, — n.    An  emetic. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  WQlf,  tcTo,  took ;  Urn,  rije,  pi^U ;  9,     soft;     g,  hard;      ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


VORACIOUS 


294 


WAKEFUL 


Vo-ra'ciotis ,  a .  Greedy  to  eat . 

Vo-rag'i-ty,  n.  Greediness  of 
appetite. 

Voraex,  n.  {r^.  V6raex-e§ 
or  Vor'ti-ges,  25. )  A  wiiirl- 
pool ;  a  whirlwind. 

V6r'ti-eal,a.  Having  a  whirl- 
ing motion. 

Vo'ta-ry  (19),n.  One  devoted 
to  any  service  or  pursuit.  — 
a.  Devoted ;  promised. 

Vote,  n.  Expression  of  choice ; 
sufiFrage  ;  ballot.  —  t;.  To  ex- 
press one's  choice  by  the 
voice  or  by  a  written  ticket ; 
to  choose  or  determine  by 
means  of  votes. 

Vot'er,  n.  One  who  votes,  or 
who  has  a  right  to  vote. 

V5'tive,  a.    Given  by  vow. 

Vouch,  V.  t.  To  call  to  wit- 
ness ;  to  warrant ;  to  sup- 
port ;  to  establish. 

Vouch'er,  n.  One  who  vouch- 
es ;  a  book  or  paper  that 


confirms  the  truth  of  ac- 
counts. 

Vouch-safe',  v.  t.  To  con- 
descend to  grant.  — v.  i.  To 
deign  ;  to  descend. 

Vow,  n.  A  solemn  promise  to 
God  or  to  some  deity.  —  v. 
To  consecrate  by  a  solemn 
promise;  to  assert  solemnly. 

Vow'el,  «.  A  vocal  sound 
made  through  an  open  po- 
sition of  the  mouth  organs, 
asa,  (?,  0. — a.  Vocal. 

Voy'age  {colloq.  voij),  n.  A 
journey  by  water.  —  v.  i.  To 
travel  by  water. 

Voy'a-ger  {colloq.  voij'er),  n. 
One  who  journeys  by  water. 

Vul'^an^ize,  v.  t.  To  impart 
certain  properties  to,  as  in- 
dia-rubber, by  causing  it  to 
combine  with  sulphur. 

Vul'gar,  a.  Pertaining  to 
common  people  ;  being  in 
general    use ;  offensively 


mean  or  low.  —  SYN.  Com- 
mon ;  ordinary  ;  mean  ;  un- 
refined. —  n.  The  common 
people  ;  the  populace. 

Vul'gar-i§m,  n.  A  vulgar 
phrase  or  expression. 

Vul-gar'i-ty,  n.  Clownish- 
ness  ;  rudeness. 

Vul'gar-ly,  adv.  Common- 
ly ;  coarsely  ;  rudely. 

Vul'gate,  n  An  ancient 
Latin  version  of  the  Bible. 

Vul'ner-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  wounded. 

Vul'ner-a-ry,  a.  Useful  in 
healing  wounds. 

Vul'pine,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
resembling,  the  fox;  cun- 
ning; crafty. 

Vult'ure  (18),  n.  A  large  bird 
of  prey,  found  only  on  the 
Eastern  continent. 

Vult'ur-ine,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  vulture ;  resembling 
the  vulture. 


WAB'BLE  (woVbl),!?.  t. 
*  To  move  staggeringly 
from  side  to  side.  —  n.  A 
hobbling,  unequal  motion, 
as  of  a  wheel. 
Wad,  n.  A  small  mass  of 
paper,  tow,  &c.,  to  stop  the 
charge  of  a  gun  or  any 
aperture.  —  v.  t.  To  form 
into  a  wad. 
Wad'ded,  a.    Formed  into  a 

wad  ;  quilted. 
Wad'ding,  n.  A  wad,  or  the 
materials  for  wads ;  a  soft 
stuff  used  in  quilting. 
Wad'dle,  v.  i.    To  walk  like 

a  duck  or  a  fat  person. 
Wade,  V.    To  walk  through 
-   any  yielding  substance. 
Wa'fer,  n.    A  thin  kind  of 
cake  or  bread  ;  a  thin  leaf 
of  paste  for  sealing  letters, 
&c. — V.  t.    To  seal  with  a 
wafer.  [cake. 
jWaf fie,  n.    A  thin  kind  of 


Waft,  v.t.  To  bear  through 
a  fluid  or  buoyant  medium. 

W3,g,  n.  A  merry,  droll  fel- 
low.—  V.  t.  To  move  one 
way  and  the  other  ;  to 
move  ;  to  stir. 

Wage,  V.  t.  To  pledge;  to 
stake ;  to  hazard ;  to  bet. 

Wa'ger,  n.  Something  haz- 
arded ;  a  bet.  —  v.  t.  To 
offer  to  bet. 

Wa'geg,  n.  pi.  Hire  ;  reward 
of  services. 

W^g'ger-y,  n.  Pleasantry ; 
drollery  ;  sportive  trick. 

Wag'gish,  a.  Roguish  ;  droll. 

Wag'on,  n.  A  vehicle  on 
four  wheels,  especially  one 
for  carrying  freight. 

WS,g'on-er,  ?r.  One  who  con- 
ducts a  wagon. 

Waif  (4),  w.  Goods  found,  but 
not  claimed. 

Wail,  V.  To  weep  ;  to  lament. 

Wain,n.    A  wagon. 


Wain's<;ot,  n.  A  wooden  lin- 
ing of  rooms,  made  in  pan- 
els.—  V,  t.  To  line  with 
boards  in  panel. 

Waist,  n.  Part  of  the  body 
just  below  the  ribs  ;  middle 
part  of  a  ship. 

Waist'band,  n.  The  band  or 
upper  part  of  trousers,  &c. 

Waist'€6at,  n.  A  garment 
worn  under  the  coat. 

Wait,  V.  v.  To  stay  in  expec- 
tation ;  to  attend. 

Wait'er,  n.  One  who  waits; 
an  attendant ;  a  tray. 

Wait'ing-maid,  w.  A  female 
servant  who  attends  a  lady. 

Waive,  v.  t.  To  relinquish 
voluntarily ;  to  forego. 

Wake,-?;,  i.  To  cease  to  sleep. 
—  n.  A  watch  ;  track  of  a 
vessel  in  water. 

Wake'ful  (17),  a.  Unable  or 
indisposed  to  sleep ;  vigi- 
lant; watchful. 


5, 6, 1, 0,  a,  y,  Ions;  tt, care,  car,  &sk,  all, wh^t ;  6re,  vqU,  t5nn  ;  pique,  Hrm  ; 


WAKEN 

Wak'en,  V.  L  or  t.   To  rouse  I 

from  sleep  ;  to  awake.  ] 

Wale,  n.  A  ridge  or  streak ; 
one  of  the  long  planks  of  a 
ship's  side.  —  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  wales,  or  stripes. 

Walk  (wavvk),  f.  i.  To  move 
oil  foot ;  to  go  by  steps.  —  n. 
A  gait ;  a  step  ;  a  path. 

Wall  (1),  w.  An  inclosing 
fence  of  brick  or  stone  ;  side 
of  a  room  ;  a  defense. —  v.  t. 
To  inclose  with  a  wall. 

Wal'let,  M.  A  bag  or  knap- 
sack ;  a  pocket-book.  [e.ye. 

Wall'-eS^e,  n.     A  whitish 

Wal'lop  (8),  V.  To  boil.  — 
t*.  t.    To  beat  soundl3^ 

WaPlow,  V.  i.  To  roll  one's 
self  about,  as  on  mire. 

Wal'nut,  n.    A  tree  and  its 


295 


Waltz  (waits), 

n.  A  dance  by  two  persons 
in  circular  figures  ;  a  tune 
for  the  dance.— r.  t.  To 
dance  a  waltz. 

Wam'puin,  n.  Strings  of 
shells  used  as  current  money 
by  the  North  American  In- 
dians. 

Wan  ( won ) ,  a.  Having  a  pale 
and  sickly  hue. 

Wand  (wond),  n.  A  long 
staff  or  rod- 

Wan'der,  v.  i.  To  rove ;  to 
ramble  ;  to  be  delirious. 

Wan'der-er,  n.  One  who 
wanders  ;  a  rover. 

Wane,  r.  t  To  decrease  ;  to 
fail.  —  H.  Decrease  ;  de- 
cline ;  failure. 

Wan'ness  (  w6n''ness),  n.  A 
sallow,  dead,  pale  color. 

Want,  n.  Need  ;  necessity  ; 
destitution  ;  poverty  ;  thing 
of  which  the  loss  is  felt.  —  i'. 
i.  or  t.  To  be  deficient  or 
destitute  of;  to  desire. 

Wan'ton,  a.  Sportive ;  licen- 
tious. —  V.  i.  (8)  To  revel ;  to 
frolic.  — n.  A  lewd  person. 
War,  n.    A  contest  between 


states,  carried  on  by  force. 
—  V.  I.  To  carry  on  war;  to 
contend. 

War'ble,  v.  i.  To  quaver  or 
modulate  the  voice. —  v.  t. 
To  trill ;  to  carol.  —  n.  A 
quavering  of  the  voice. 

War'bler,  n.  One  who  war- 
bles ;  i\  singing-bird. 

War'-er/,  n.  A  cry  or  sig- 
nal used  in  war. 

Ward,  n.  A  watch  ;  guard  ; 
custody  ;  protection  or  pro- 
tector ;  part  of  a  lock  ;  a 
person  under  a  guardian  ; 
division  of  a  city  or  of  a 
hospital.  —  oj.  t.  or  i.  To 
watch ;  to  guard. 

Ward'en,  n.  A  keeper;  a 
guardian. 

Ward'er,  n.  A  keeper  ;  a 
guard. 

Ward'r5be,  n.     A  portable 
closet  for  clothes  ;  wearing 
apparel. _ 
Ward'-room,  n.    A  room  in 
ships  in  which  officers  mess. 
Ware,  v.  t.  [hup.  wore.]  To 

wear ;  to  veer. 
Ware§,  n.  jd.    Goods;  mer- 
chandise ;  commodities. 
Ware 'house,  n.     A  store- 
house for  goods. 
War'fare,  n.    Military  ser- 
vice ;  hostilities  ;  contest. 
Wa'ri-ly  (13),a</f.  Cautious- 
ly ;  with  circumspection. 
Wa'ri-ness,    n.  Cautious- 
ness ;  circumspection. 
Wartlike,  n.     Relating  or 

adapted  to  war  ;  martial. 
Warm,  a.  Having  moderate 
li'eat ;  zealous  ;  keen.  — v.  t. 
or  i.  To  heat  moderately  ; 
to  become,  or  cause  to  be- 
come, animated. 
Warmth,  n.  Moderate  heat ; 

ardor  ;  enthusiasm  ;  zeal. 
Warn,  v.  t.    To  caution  ;  to 

admonish  ;  to  notify. 
Warn'ing,  n.  Caution  ;  ad- 
monition ;  previous  notice. 
Warp,  n.  Threads  that  run 
lengthwise  in  a  loom  ;  a  rope 
used  in  towing.  — v.  i.  or  t. 
To  turn  or  twist  out  of 
shape  ;  to  deviate ;  to  per- 
vert ;  to  tow  with  a  warp  or 


WASSAIL 

line  attached  to  buoys,  aa- 

chors,  or  the  like. 
War'rant,  n.  A  commission  ; 
authority;   precept;  guar- 
anty; voucher.  —  v.  t.  To 
authorize  or  justify  ;  to  as- 
sure, [ble. 
War'rant-a-ble,  a.  Justifia- 
War'ran-tee',  n.      One  to 
whom  land,  or  other  thing, 
is  warranted. 
War'ran-ty,  n.    A  covenant 
of  security  :  a  guarantee.  — 
V.  t.    To  warrant. 
War'ren,  n.  A  place  for  rab- 
bits, fowls,  or  fish,  &c. 
War'rior  (wiir/yur),  n.  A 

military  man  ;  a  soldier. 
Wart,  n.    A  small  hard  ex- 
crescence on  the  skin. 
Wart'y,  a.    Having  warts; 

like  warts.  [war. 
War'-w5rn,  a.    Worn  with 
Wa'ry,  a.    Cautious  of  danr 
ger  ;  prudent ;  circumspect. 
Wa§  (2).  Past  tense  of  the 

substantive  verb  To  he. 
Wash,  V.  t.    To  cleanse  by 
water  ;  to  wet ;  to  lave  ;  to 
remove  by  the  action  of 
water.  —  n.    Ablution  ;  al- 
luvial matter  ;  a  cosmetic  ; 
refuse  matter  from  a  kitch- 
en ;  a  coating  of  metal. 
Wash-ball,  n.  A  ball  of  soap. 
Wash'-board,  n.    A  board 
"   next  the  floor  ;  a  board  on 
which  clothes  are  rubbed  in 
washing. 
Wash'er,n.  One  who  washes ; 
a  ring  of  metal  or  leather, 
to  relieve  friction  or  to  se- 
cure tightness  of  joints,  &c. 
Wash'er-wpm'an  (21),n.  A 
woman  who  washes  clothes. 
Wash'ing,  n.  Act  of  one  who 
washes  ;    clothes  washed, 
especially  at  one  time. 
Wash'y,  a.    AVatery  ;  weak; 

thin ;  diluted. 
Wasp ,  n .  An  insect  that  stings 

severely. 
Wasp'ish,  n.    Peevish  ;  pet- 

ulant ;  like  a  wasp.  y  ' 

Was'sail,  n.    A  drinking  to  o 
one's  health  ;  a  liquor  made 
of  apples,  sugar,  and  ale  ;  a  fc 
drunken  bout. 


•1 


son,  or,  ds,  w<?lf,  to'c,  tcTok  ;  drn,  rjio,  pvll ;  5,     ^oft;      g,  Mrd/  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  }  ttiia. 


WAST 


296 


WEATHER 


Wast,  imp.  of  To  he,  in  the 
2d  person  sing.,  indicative. 

Waste,  V.  i.  To  spend  ,*  to 
dissipate  ;  to  lavish  ;  to 
squander.  —  a.  Desolate  ; 
valueless;  wild.  —  n.  Act 
of  wasting;  worthless  rem- 
nant ;  loss ;  desolate  ground. 

Waste'ful,  a.  Destructive; 
lavish ;'  extravagant. 

Watch,  n.  Guard  ;  vigil ;  one 
who  watches,  or  those  who 
watch ;  a  pocket  time-piece ; 
time  of  guarding.  —  v.  i.  To 
be  awake ;  to  keep  guard  ; 
to  wait.  — V.  t.  To  observe 
closely  ;  to  have  in  keeping. 

Watch'er,    «.      One  who 

Watch'ful  (17),  a.  Careful 
to  observe ;  guarding  with 
caution.  —  Syn.  Vigilant ; 
cautious  ;  attentive  ;  cir- 
cumspect; wary. 

Watch'-house,  n.  A  house 
in  which  a  watch  or  guard 
is  placed. 

Watch'man  (21),  n.  A  sen- 
tinel ;  a  night-guard. 

Watch'-tow^er,  n.  Tower  for 
a  watch  or  sentinel. 

Watch'-word  (-wurd),«.  A 
sentinel's  pass-word ;  a 
countersign. 

Wa'ter,  n.  The  most  com- 
mon of  all  fluids  ;  urine  ;  a 
body  of  water  ;  luster  of  a 
diamond.  — v.  t.  or  i.  To  ir- 
rigate ;  to  cause  or  allow  to 
drink  ;  to  shed  water. 

Wa'ter-eoPorg,  n.  pi.  Colors 
diluted  and  mixed  with 
gum-water. 

Wa'ter-eourse,  n.  A  chan- 
nel or  canal  for  water. 

Wa'ter-eress,  n.  A  small 
plant,  used  as  a  salad. 

Wa'ter-fall,  a.  A  cascade  ; 
a  cataract ;  a  kind  of  female 
head-gear  of  hair. 

Wa'ter-fowl,  n.  A  bird  that 
frequents  the  water. 

Wa'ter-i-ness,  n.  Quality  or 
state  of  being  watery. 
.  Wa'ter-ish,  a.    Like  water; 

thin  ;  moist ;  wet.  [man. 
,  Wa'ter-man  (21),  n.  A  boat- 

Wa'ter-mark,  n.    A  device 


TTTOUght  into  paper  during 
the  process  of  manufacture. 

Wa'ter-mePon,  n.  A  plant, 
and  its  pulpy  fruit. 

Wa'ter-mill,  n.  A  mill 
turned  by  water. 

Wa'ter-pot,  n.  A  vessel  to 
hold  water. 

Wa'ter-probf,  a.  Not  ad- 
mitting water. 

Wa'ter-rot,  v.  t.  To  rot  by 
steeping  in  water,  as  flax. 

Wa'ter-spout,  n.  A  whirl- 
ing column  of  water  at  sea. 

Wa'ter-tight  (-tit),  a.  So 
tight  as  to  reiain  or  not  to 
admit  water. 

Wa' ter- wheel,  n.  Any  wheel 
for  propelling  machinery, 
&c.,  made  to  revolve  by  the 
action  of  water. 

Wa'ter-3'",  a.  Aqueous ;  thin ; 
tasteless  ;  wet ;  washy. 

Wat'tle,w.  A  twig;  a  hur- 
dle ;  fleshy  excrescence  un- 
der the  throat  of  a  cock, 
&c.  —  V.  t.  To  interweave, 
as  twigs ;  to  plat ;  to  form 
of  platted  twigs. 

Waul,  v.  i.  To  cry  as  a  cat. 

Wave,  n.  A  moving  ridge  or 
swell  of  water.  —  v.  i.  or  t. 
To  move  one  way  and  the 
other,  like  a  wave  ;  to  re- 
linquish ;  to  waive. 

Wave'less,  a.  Free  from 
waves  ;  calm  ;  smooth. 

Wave'-6f^fer-ing,  n.  An 
offering  in  the  Jewish  ser- 
vices made  by  waving  the 
object  toward  the  four  car- 
dinal points. 

Wa'ver,  v.  i.  To  fluctuate ;  to 
vacillate ;  to  be  unsteady  or 
undecided. 

Wa'vy,  a.  Rising  or  swelling 
in  waves ;  undulating. 

W&x  (3),  n.  A  tenacious 
substance  formed  by  bees. 
—  V.  i.  [imp.  WAXED  ;  p.  p. 
WAXED  or  WAXEN.]  To 
grow ;  to  increase  ;  to  be- 
come.— V.  t.  To  rub  or  smear 
with  wax.    [sembliug,  wax. 

Wax'en,  a.    Made  of,  or  re- 

Wax'-work  (-wiirk),  n.  A 
figure  or  figures  formed  of 
wax. 


W3,x'y,  a.  Like  wax ;  soft  ; 
yielding. 

Way,  n.  A  road  ;  room  ; 
course;  means;  mode. 

Way'-bill,  n.  A  list  of  pas- 
sengers or  of  baggage. 

V/ay'far-er,  n.   A  traveler. 

Way'far-ing,  a.  Traveling. 

Way'lay,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WAYLAID.]  To  lie  in  wait 
for,  especially  to  seize,  rob, 
or  slay . 

Way'ward,  a.  Froward ; 
perverse ;  willful. 

We,  pron.  ;  pi.  of  7. 

Weak  (4),  a.  Feeble ;  infirm ; 
frail;  soft;  low;  spiritless. 

Weak'en,  v.  t.  To  make 
weak  ;  to  enfeeble  ;  to  de- 
bilitate ;  to  enervate. 

Weak'ly ,  adv.  In  a  weak  or 
feeble  manner.  —  a.  Infirm. 

Weak'ness,  n.  Feebleness; 
infirmity ;  debility. 

Weal,  n.  Happiness  ;  pros- 
perity :  a  sound,  healthy, 
prosperous  state.  [es. 

Wealth,  n.   Afiluence  ;  rich- 

Wealth'y,  a.  Rich  ;  opulent. 

Wean,  v.  t.  To  accustom  to 
a  deprivation  of  the  breast ; 
to  withdraw  from  any  desire. 

Wean'ling,  n.  A  child  or 
animal  newly  weaned. 

Weap'on,  n.  An  instrument 
of  offense  or  defense. 

Wear,  v.  t.  ori.  [irnp.  WORE  ; 
p.  p.  WORN.]  To  carry  or 
have  on  ;  to  waste  by  fric- 
tion or  by  use  ;  to  consume ; 
to  turn  round,  as  a  ship, 
with  the  stern  toward  the 
wind. —  n.  Act  of  wearing ; 
thing  worn. 

Wear,  n.  A  dam  in  a  river ; 
a  net  of  twigs  in  a  stream. 

Wea'ri-s6me,  a.  Tiresome; 
fatiguing ;  tedious. 

Wea'ry,  a.  Tired ;  fatigued ; 
—  V.  t.   To  tire  ;  to  fatigue. 

Wca'§and, «.  The  windpipe. 

Wea'sel  (w«"/zl),  n.  A  certain 
smatl  quadruped,  very  slen- 
der and  agile. 

Weath'er,  n.  State  of  the 
atmosphere.  —  v.  t.  To  sail 
to  the  windward  of ;  to  en- 
dure. 


^,  6,  T,  o,  u,  y,  Ions  !  5,  e,  I,  o,  tt. 


L,  y,  short ;  cure,  car, ask,  all,  wh§.t  j  Ore,  vsil,  term ;  pique,  ffrm ; 


WEATHER-COCK 


297 


WHEEL 


■W6ath'er-e6ck,  n.  A  vane ; 
a  vacillating  person. 

Weatii'er-gage,  n.  Position 
of  a  ship  to  the  windward 
of  another ;  position  of  ad- 
vantage. 

W6atii'er-glass,  n.  A  con- 
trivance to  foreshow  changes 
of  weather ;  a  barometer. 

Weath'er-wT§e,  a.  Skillful 
in  foretelling  the  weather. 

Weave,  v.  t.    [imp.  wove  ; 

p.  p.  WOVE,  WOVEN.]  To 

unite,  as  threads,  so  as  to 
form  cloth.  [weaves. 

Weav'er,    n.      One  who 

Web,  n.  Any  thing  woven  ; 
a  film  ;  a  membrane. 

Webbed  (7),  a.  Having  the 
toes  united  by  a  membrane. 

W6b'bing,  n.  A  strong  nar- 
row fabric  of  hemp  used  for 
various  purposes. 

Web'-fdbVed,  a.  Having 
webbed  feet. 

Wed,  V.  t.  To  marry ;  to 
unite  closely  or  strongly. 

W6d'ding,  n.  Nuptial  cere- 
mony ;  marriage. 

Wedge,  n.  A  piecel 
of  metal  or  of  wood 
sloping  to  an  edge, 
used  for  splitting.  Wedge. 
—  V.  t.  To  fasten  by  means 
of  wedges.  [state. 

W6d'16ck  (5),  n.  Married 

Wedne§'day  (wenz'dy),  «• 
The  fourth  day  of  the  week. 

Wee,  a.    Small;  little. 

Weed,  n.  A  useless  or  trouble- 
some plant;  (pi.)  mourning 
apparel.  —  v.  t.  To  free  from 
noxious  plants  ;  to  root  out. 

Weed'y,  a.   Full  of  weeds. 

Week,  n.  Period  of  seven 
days.  [cept  Sunday. 

Week'-day,  n.  Any  day  ex- 

Week'ly,  o.  Happening  or 
done  every  week. — adv. 
Once  a  week.  —  n.  A  publi- 
cation issued  once  every 
week. 

Ween,  v.  i.  To  think ;  to 
fancy. 

Weep,  V.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WEPT.]  To  shed  tears  ;  to 
bewail ;  to  lament ;  to  be- 
moan; to  drip. 


Wee'vil  (we/vl),  n.  A  small 
insect  that  injures  grain. 

Weft,  n.  The  woof  of  cloth. 

Weigh  (wa),v.  t.  To  ascer- 
tain the  weight  of ;  to  pon- 
der.—  v.i.  To  have  weight. 

Weight  (wat),  n.  Heaviness  ; 
gravity  ;  importance ;  some- 
thing for  ascertaining  the 
weight  of  other  bodies. 

Weight'y  (wat^-),  a.  Heavy  ; 
important. 

Weird,  a.  Skilled  in  witch- 
craft ;  supernatural  ;  un- 
earthly ;  wild. 

Wel'€6me  (17),  n.  Kind  re- 
ception or  salutation.  —  a. 
Received  with  gladness  ; 
grateful  ;  pleasing.  —  v.  t. 
To  salute  or  entertain  with 
kindness. 

Weld,  V.  t.  To  beat  or  press 
into  union,  as  heated  metals. 

Wel'fare  (17),  n.  Health  ; 
happiness  ;  prosperity  ;  suc- 
cess, [heavens. 

Wgl'kin,  n.    The  sky;  the 

Well,  n.  A  spring;  a  deep 
circular  pit  for  water.  — f.  i. 
To  flow  forth  ;  to  spring ;  to 
issue.  —  a.  Not  sick  ;  being 
in  health,  good  stivte,  or  fa- 
vor. —  adv.  Not  amiss  ; 
rightly  ;  properly. 

Well'-be^ing,  n.  Welfare; 
prosperity  ;  weal. 

Well'-bred(17),a.  Educated 
to  polished  manners ;  re- 
fined ;  cultivated. 

Well'-nlgh  (-nl),  adv.  Very 
nearly ;  almost. 

Well'-spent,  a.  Tirtuously 
employed  or  passed. 

WelP-sweep,  n.  A  long  pole 
balanced  on  a  high  post, 
used  for  raising  a  bucket  in 
a  well. 

Well'-wish^er,  n.  A  friend. 
Welsh,    a.     Pertaining  to 

Wales.  — n.  The  inhabitants 

or  the  language  of  Wales. 
Welt,  n.  A  border ;  an  edging. 
Wel'ter  (8),  v.  i.    To  roll,  as 

in  mire  ;  to  wallow. 
Wen,  n.  A  fleshy  tumor. 
Wench,  n.  A  young  woman ; 

a  strumpet ;  a  negress. 
Went,  imp.  of  Go. 


Wept,  imp.  of  Weep. 

Were  (wcr),  imp.  pi.  of  Be. 

Wert.  Second  person  singular 
of  Were. 

West,  n.  Region  where  the 
sun  sets,  or  opposite  to  the 
east.  —  adv.  At  or  toward 
the  westward.  —  a.  Situated 
toward,  or  relating  to,  the 
west ;  coming  from  the  west. 

West'er-ly,  a.  Being  toward, 
or  in,  or  from,  the  west. 

West'ern,  «.  Being  in,  or 
moving  toward  the  west. 

W6st'ward,      I  adv.  To- 

West'ward-ly,  j  ward  the 
west. 

Wet,  a.  Full  of  moisture; 
very_  damp  ;  rainy.  —  n. 
Water  ;  wetness;  n;oisture  ; 
humidity.  —  t.  [iinp.  & 
p.p.  WET.]  Tofillormoist- 
en  with  a  liquid. 

Weth'er,  n.  A  castrated  ram. 

Whale  (hwal),  n.  The  largest 
of  marine  animals. 

Whale'bcne,  n.  A  firm  elastic 
substance  from  the  upper 
jaw  of  the  whale. 

Whale'man(21),n.  Amanem- 
plo}  ed  in  the  whale-fishery. 

Wharf  (hwarf,  20),  n.  A 
mole,  pier,  or  quay,  for  land- 
ing goods  at. 

Wharf'in-ger,  n.  Superin- 
tendent or  proprietor  of  a 
wharf. 

What  (hwot),  pron.  That 
which  ;  partly  ;  —  as  an  ex- 
clamation, how  remarkable ; 
how  great.  It  is  also  used 
interrogatively.       [or  that. 

What -ev'er,  pron.  Being  this 

What'not,  n.  A  piece  c  f  fur- 
niture, with  shelves  for 
books,  ornaments,  &c. 

What^so-ev'er,  pron.  What- 
ever, [grain. 

Wheat,  n.   A  species  of  fino 

Wheat'en,  a.  Made  of  wheat. 

Whee'dle,  v.  t.  To  entice  by 
soft  words  ;  to  coax ;  to  flat- 
ter ;  to  cajole. 

Wheel  (3),  A  circular  frame 
turning  on  an  axis ;  a  turr  , 
or  revolution. — v.  t.  Tc 
cause  to  move  on  wheels.  — ^ 
V.  i.  To  turn  ;  to  revolve. 


son,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  toD,  tdbk ;  Urn,  rije,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft  /  €,  g,  hard;      ;  epst ;  q  as  ng ;  this- 


WHEELBARROW 


298 


WHITHER 


Wheel 'bar-row,  n.  A  sort  of 

hand-cart  with  one  wheel. 
Wheel'-wrlght  (-rit),  n.  A 

maker  of  wheels.  [hard. 
Wheeze,  v.  i.  To  breathe 
Whelm,  V.  t.    To  cover  ;  to 

immerse ;  to  bury. 
Whelp,  n.    A  puppy ;  a  cub. 

—  V.  I.  To  bring  forth  cubs 

or  puppies. 
When,  adv.    At  what  time  ; 

while  ;  whereas. 
Whenge,  adv.    From  what 

or  which  place. 
WhgnQe'so-ev^er,  adv.  From 

whatever  place. 
When-ev'er,     \adv.  At 
When''so-ev'er,  1  whatever 

time. 

Where,  adv.  At  or  in  what 
place ;  whither. 

•45^ere''a-bouts',  adv.  Near 

^^hat  or  which  place  ^  con- 
cerning whicS. 

Where-as', ai/i'.  Since;  when 
in  fact. 

Where-at',  adv.    At  what. 

Where-by',  adv.  By  which  ; 
by  what. 

Where'fpre  (18),  adv.  For 
whicb^  reason  ;  for  what  rea- 
son ;  why.  [what. 

Where-in',  adv.  In  which  or 

Where'ln-tp',  adv.  Into 
which  or  what. 

Where-6f'  (-olF  or  -ov'),  adv. 
Of  which  or  what. 

Where-6n',      I  adv.  On 

Where^up-6n', )  which  or 
what. 

Where''so-Sv'er,  adv.  In 
what  place  soever ;  where- 
ever.  [to  what  end. 

Where-tp',  adv.    To  which  ; 

Where''up-6n',  adv.  Upon  or 
in  consequence  of  which. 

Wh6r-ev'er  (17),  adv.  At 
whatever  place. 

Where-with'  (-with'  or 
-wTtii''),  adv.  With  which  ; 
with  what. 

Whfer'ry,  n.  A  light  shallow 
boat,  built  long  and  narrow 
for  fast  rowing  or  sailing. 
Vhet  (7),  V.  t.  To  sharpen 
by  friction  ;  to  stimulate.  — 
«7.  Act  of  sharpening  by  fric- 
tion ;  a  stimulant. 


Wheth'er,  pron.  Which  of 
the  two.  —  conj.  Used  to 
introduce  the  first  of  two  or 
more  alternative  clauses. 

Whet'stone,  n.  A  stone  for 
sharpening  edged  tools. 

Whey,  n.  The  thin,  watery 
part  of  milk. 

Which,  pron.  relating  to 
things.  It  is  used  inter- 
rogatively and  relatively, 
both  as  a  substantive  and 
an  adjective.  [of  air. 

Whiff  (1),  w.    A  quick  puff 

Whiffle,  V.  i.  To  waver  ;  to 
be  unsteady  or  fickle. 

Whif'fle-tree,  n.  The  bar  to 
which  the  traces  of  a  car- 
riage are  fastened. 

Whig  ( 3) ,  n.  One  of  a  certain 
political  party. 

Whig'gish  (7),  a.  Inclined  to 
whiggery  ;  pertaining  to 
whigs  or  to  their  principles. 

Whig'gism,  I  n.  The  princi- 

Whig'ger-y , )  pies  of  whigs . 

While,  n.  Time  ;  space  of 
time.  —  adv.  During  the 
time  that ;  as  long  as  ;  in 
which  case. —  v.  t.  To  spend 
or  pass,  as  time. 

Whilst,  adv.  While. 

Whim,       In.    A  freak  of 

Whim'gey,  >  fancy  ;  a  ca- 
price, or  capricious  notion. 

Whim'per,  v.  i.  To  cry  with 
a  low,  whining,  broken 
voice  ;  to  complain  in  a 
shrill  tone. 

Whim'§i-eal,  a.  Full  of 
whims;  curious;  odd;  fan- 
tastic ;  freakish ;  capricious. 

Whin,  w.  Gorse  ;  furze. 

Whine,  v.  i.  To  lament  or 
complain  in  a  plaintive 
tone.  —  n.  A  nasal,  puerile 
tone  of  complaint.  _ 

Whin'ny,  v.  t.  To  make  a 
shrill  noise,  as  a  horse. 

Whip,  n.  An  instrument  for 
driving  teams  or  for  correc- 
tion; a  coachman.  —  v.  t. 
To  strike  with  a  whip ;  to 
lash  ;  to  beat ;  to  jerk. 

Whip'ple-tree,  n.  A  bar  to 
fasten  the  tugs  or  traces  of 
a  carriage  to. 

Whip'-pobr-wiU,  n.  An 


American  bird,  so  called 
from  its  note. 

Whip'savv,  n.  A  saw  for  di- 
viding timber  lengthwise. 

Whip'-stock,  n.  The  handle 
of  a  whip. 

Whir,  V.  i.  To  whirl  round 
with  noise. — n.  A  buzzing 
or  whizzing  sound  of  any 
thing  in  rapid  revolution. 

Whirl,  V.  To  turn  rapidly.  — 
n.  A  rapid  turning. 

Whirl'i-gig,  n.  A  child's  toy. 

Whirl'pool,  n.  An  eddy  ;  a 
vortex  of  water. 

Whirl'wind,  n.  A  violent 
wind  moving  circularly. 

Whisk,  n.  A  small  brush  ;  a 
rapid,  sweeping  motion.  — 
V.  t.  To  brush  with  a  whisk ; 
to  move  rapidly. 

Whisk'er,  n.  Hair  growing 
on  the  sides  of  the  face. 

Whis'ky,  )  n.    A  spirit  dis- 

Whis'key,  )  tilled  from  bar- 
ley, wheat,  rye,  or  maize. 

Whis'per,  v.  To  speak  or  ad- 
dress in  a  low  voice." —  n.  A 
soft,  sibilant  voice  ;  utter- 
ance without  sonant  breath. 

Whist,  n.  A  certain  game  at 
cards.  —  a.  Silent ;  mute. 

Whis'tle  (hwYsa),  v.  i.  To 
make  a  kind  of  sharp,  musi- 
cal sound  with  the  breath 
forced  through  the  lips  ;  to 
sound  shrilly.  —  n.  A  shrill 
sound  made  by  the  breath, 
&c.  ;  a  pipe  that  makes  a 
shrill  sound. 

Whit,  n.  A  bit ;  a  jot ;  a  tittle. 

White,  a.  Of  the  color  of 
snow ;  pale  ;  pure  ;  clean.  — 
n.  A  white  color ;  any  thing 
white,  as  part  of  the  eye. 

Whit'en,  v.  To  make  or  be- 
come white ;  to  bleach. 

Wfeite'ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  white. 

White'-swelPing,  M.  A  lin- 
gering inflammation  of  the 
knee-joint. 

White'wash,  n.  Lime  and 
water  for  whitening  walls, 
&c.  —  V.  t.  To  cover  with 
whitewash  ;  to  give  a  fair 
external  appearai^ce  to. 

Whith'er,  adv.    To  what  or 


1, 5r,  short  /  care,  car,  ask,  p,  wh^t ;  ere,  vfiil,  t5rm ;  p^q^o,  firm ; 


WHITHERSOEVER 

which  place,  point,  or  de- 
gree. 

Whith'er-so-gv'er,  adv.  To 
whatever  place. 

Whifing,  n.  Ground  chalk  ; 
a  sea-fish  allied  to  the  cod. 

Whit'ish,  a.  Moderately 
white ;  somewhat  white. 

Whit'leath-er,  n.  Leather 
dressed  with  alum,  salt,  &c,, 
very  pliable  and  tough. 

"Whit'ldw,  n.  A  suppurating 
tumor  on  the  finger  or  toe. 

Whit'tle,  V.  t.  To  cut  off  the 
surface  of  with  a  knife. 

"Whiz,  n.  A  humming  or  hiss- 
ing sound.  —  V.  t.  (7)  To 
make  a  humming  or  hissing 
sound. 

Who  (hob),  77ron.  Which  or 
what  person  or  persons. 

Whp-ev'er  (hoo-),pro«.  Any 
person  whatever. 

Whole  (hoi),  a.  All  ;  entire  ; 
complete;  sound. — n.  The 
entire  thing ;  totahty. 

Whole'sale  (hoP-),  n.  Sale 
by  the  piece  or  quantity.  — 
a.  Pertaining  to  trade  by 
the  piece  or  quantity. 

Whole'some  (hol/sum),  a. 
Favorable  to  health ;  salu- 
tary ;  useful. 

Whol'ly  (hol/y,  10),  adv  To- 
tally ;  entirely. 

Whom  (hdom),  pron.  Ob- 
jective case  of  Who. 

Whom^so-ev'er  (hcTom/-), 
pr'on.  Objective  case  of  Who- 
ever. 

Whdbp  (hcTop),  n.  A  shout. 
—  V.  i.  To  shout ;  to  hoot. 

Whobp'ing-c6ugh  (hoop^- 
ing-kuf),  n.  A  violent,  con- 
vulsive cough  ;  hooping- 
cough. 

Whore  (hor),  n.  A  prostitute, 

Whor'tle-b6r/ry  (hwarai-V 
n.  A  plant,  and  its  small 
edible  berry. 

Whose  (hobz),  pron.  Posses- 
sive* case  of  Who. 

Whp/so-ev'er  (hoo'-),  a.  Any 
person  whatever. 

Whur,  n.  A  humming  sound ; 
whir.  —  V.  i.  To  make  a 
rough,  humming  sound. 

Why  (18),  adv.    For  what 


299 

reaflon  ;  for  which  reason  ;  i 
reason,  or  cause  for  which.  ] 
Wick  (5),  n.  The  cotton  cord 

of  a  caudle  or  lamp. 
Wick'ed,  a.    Evil  ;  vicious  ; 

sinful  ;  iniquitous. 
Wick'ed-ly,  adv.  In  a  wicked 

manner  ;  viciously. 
Wick'ed-ness,    n.      Yice ; 

crime  ;  sin  ;  guilt ;  iniquity. 
Wick'er,  n.  A  small  twig.  — 

a.    Made  of  small  twigs. 
Wick'et,  M.  A  small  gate. 
Wide,  a.    Having  great  ex- 
tent each  way  or  between 
the  sides  ;  not  narrow.  — 
—  Syn.  Broad  ;  extensive  ; 
remote  ;  distant.  —  adv.  At 
a  distance ;  far. 
Wide'ly  (10),  adv.  To  a  wide 

degree  ;  extensively. 
WId'en,  V.  t.  or  i.    To  make 

or  grow  wider. 
Wid'geon  (wTd^jun),  n.  A 
water-fowl  of  the  duck  kind. 
Wid'ow,  n.     A  woman  who 
has  lost  her  husband.  — v. 
t.  To  deprive  of  a  husband  ; 
to  bereave. 
Wid'6w-er,  n.  A  man  whose 

wife  is  dead. 
Wid'ow-htTod,  n.    The  state 

or  condition  of  a  widow. 
Width,  n.    Extent  from  side 

to  side  ;  breadth. 
Wield,  v.t.    To  control  ;  to 

sway  ;  to  employ  ;  to  use. 
Wife  (20),  n.  The  lawful  con- 
sort of  a  man. 
Wig,  n.    An  artificial  cover- 
ing of  hair  for  the  head. 
Wight  (wit),  n.   A  person  ;  a 
being.  [cabin  or  hut. 

Wig'wam,  n.      An  Indian 
Wild,    a.     Fierce;  desert; 
rude ;   savage ;    licentious ; 
fanciful.  —  n.  A  wilderness. 
Wnd'cat,  n.     A  feline  ani- 
mal, very  strong  and  fierce. 
WiPder-ness,  n.  A  wild,  un- 
cultivated tract. 
Wild'fire,  «.    An  inflamma- 
ble composition,  very  hard 
to  quench  when  on  fire. 
Wild'ly,  adv.  In  a  wild  man- 
ner. 

Wile,  n.    A  trick  ;  insidious 
artifice  ;  stratagem  ;  fraud. 


^TNDING-SHEET 

Wi'li-ness,  n.  State  of  being 

wily  ;  cunning ;  craft. 
Will,n.  The  faculty  of  choos- 
ing ;  choice  ;  inclination  ; 
command  ;  testament.  —  v. 
t.  To  determine  by  an  act 
of  choice  ;  to  dispose  of,  by 
testament. — auxiliary  verb 
[imp.  WOULD],  used  to  de- 
note futurity. 
Will'ful,  \  a.    Stubbojn  ;  un- 


governable. 
adv  Stub- 
bornly. 
;  n.  Obstinacy 
i  of  will ;  stub- 


Wil'ful,  S 
Will'fuMy,  \ 
Wil'ful-ly,  i 
Will'ful-ness, 
Wil'ful-ness, 

bornness. 
Will'ing,  a.  Free  to  do  ;  ready. 
Will'ing-ly,  adv.     By  free 

will  or  one's  own  choice. 
Will'ing-ness,     n.  Free 

choice  ;  readiness. 
Wil'low,  n.    A  kind  of  tree. 
Wil'16w-y,    a.  Aboiinding 
with  willows  ;  like  a  willow. 
Wilt,  V.  i.  To  begin  to  wither. 
Wi'ly,  a.    Cunning ;  crafty  ; 

artful;  sly. 
Wim'ble,  n.    An  instrument 

to  bore  holes  with. 
Win,  V.  t.  [imp.    &  p.  p. 
WON.]  To  gain;  to  get;  to 
allure.  [start  back. 

Winge,  V.  t.  To  shrink;  to 
Winch,  n.    A  kind  of  lever  ; 

a  crank-handle.  [breath. 
Wind,  n.    A  current  of  air; 
Wind,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WOUND.]    To   turn  ;  to 
twist  ;  to  coil ;  to  encircle ; 
to  sound  by  blowing. 
Wind'age,  n.    Difference  be- 
tween the  diameter  of  a  gun 
and  that  of  a  ball. 
Wind'bound,  a.  Detained 

by  contrary  winds. 
Wind'fall,  n.     Fruit  blown 
off ;  any  unexpected  benefit. 
Wind'-flow^er,  n.    The  an- 
emone ;  — formerly  thought 
to  open  only  when  the  wind 
was  blowing. 
Wind'-gall,  n.  A  soft  tumor 

on  a  horse's  fetlock. 
Wind'-gun,  n.    A  gun  dis 

charged  by  air. 
Y/ind'ing-sheet,  n.  A  shrou ' 
to  wrap  the  dead  in. 


86n.  or,  dQ,  wolf,  t(7o,  tdbk;  fim,  r]jG,  p\ill ;  e,  ^,  so/f;  €,  g,  hard;     ;  epst ;  q  as  ng;  tiiis. 


WINDLASS 


800 


WOMANHOOD 


Wind'lass,  w. 

A  machine 
for  raising 
weights. 
*Wmd'mill,M. 


"Win'dow,  n.  An  opening  in 
the  wall  of  a  building  for 
the  admission  of  light. 

Wind'pipe,  n.  Passage  for 
the  breath  to  and  from  the 
lungs ;  the  trachea. 

"Wmd'row,  n.  A  line  of  hay. 

Wind'ward,  a.  Lying  toward 
the  point  from  which  the 
wind  blows.  —  n.  The  point 
from  which  the  wind  blows. 
—  adv.  Toward  the  wind. 

Wind'y,  a.  Stormy ;  tem- 
pestuous ;  flatulent ;  empty. 

Wine,  n.  Fermented  juice  of 
grapes  and  of  other  fruits. 

Wine'-bib'ber,  ti.  One  who 
drinks  much  wine. 

Wine'-glass,  n.  A  small 
glass  from  which  wine  is 
drank. 

Wing,  n.  Limb  of  a  bird.  —  v. 
t.  To  furnish  with  wings  ; 
to  transport  by  flight ;  to 
wound  on  the  wing. 

Wink,  V.  i.  To  shut  and  open 
the  eyelids  quickly  ;  to  con- 
nive. —  n.  A  quick  closing 
and  opening  of  the  eyelids  ; 
a  hint  given  by  shutting  the 
eye  with  a  significant  cast. 

"Win'ner,  n.    One  who  wins. 

Wm'ning,  a.  Attractive ; 
charming. 

Win'now,  V.  t.  To  separate, 
as  chaff,  by  means  of  wind. 

Win'ter,  n.  The  cold  season 
of  the  year.  — t;.  ?.  (8)  To 
pass  the  winter. — v.  t.  To 
feed  in  winter. 

Win'ter-green,  n.  A  small 
evergreen  plant  having 
bright  red  berries.. 

Win'ter-kill,  v.t.  To  kill  by 
the  cold  of  Minter. 

Wm'ter-y,  )  a.    Suitable  to, 

^Vin'try,    j  or  lilie,  vvinter  ; 

V  cold. 

iV^ipe,  V.  t.  To  clean  or  re- 
move by  rubbing  ;  to  rub 
off.  —  n.    A  rub ;  a  stroke. 

,i,c,T,o,u,y,/ong'/a,6,i,  6,u 


Wip'er,  n.    One  who  wipes  ; 

something  used  for  wiping. 
Wire,  n.    An  even  thread  of 
metal. 

Wire'-draw^er,  n.  One  who 
forms  wire  by  drawing. 

Wire'-pulPer,  n.  One  who 
pulls  the  wires  of  a  puppet ; 
hence,  an  intriguer. 

Wir'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  resem- 
bling, wire ;  sinewy. 

Wi§'dom  (10),  n.  Knowledge, 
and  the  capacity  to  make 
due  use  of  it ;  sagacity. 

Wi§e,  a.  Having  wisdom.  — 
Syn.  Sage  ;  sagacious  ;  ju- 
dicious ;  prudent ;  grave.  — 
n.    A  manner  or  way. 

Wi§e'a-€re,  «.  A  shallow 
pretender  to  great  wisdom. 

Wish,  V.  i.  To  desire  or  long 
for.  —  V.  t.  To  desire  ;  to 
long  for  ;  to  frame  or  ex- 
press a  desire  about.  —  n.  A 
desire ;  thing  desired. 

Wish'ful,a.  Feeling  or  show- 
ing desire ;  eager. 

Wisp,  M.  A  small  bundle  of 
straw  or  hay. 

Wist'ful,  a.  Eagerly  atten- 
tive ;  wishful. 

Wit,  n.  Faculty  of  associat- 
ing ideas,  or  ideas  associated, 
in  an  unusual  and  felicitous 
manner ;  mind ;  sense  ;  a 
man  of  genius,  fancy,  or 
humor.  —  v.  t.  To  know  ; 
to  be  known. 

Witch,  n.  A  woman  who 
practices  sorcery. — v.  t.  To 
charm.  [witches. 

Witch'^raft,  n.  Practices  of 

Witch'er-y,  m.  Witchcraft; 
sorcery ;  enchantment. 

With,  prep.  By,  denoting 
cause,  nearness,  means,  or 
instrument,  &c. 

With-aP,  adv.  With;  flke- 
wise  ;'  at  the  same  time. 

With-draw',  v.  t.  To  take 
back.  ~v.  i.  To  retire  ;  to 
retreat.  [withdrawing. 

With-draw'al,  n.     Act  of 

Withe  (with),  n.  A  willow 
twig,  or  handmade  of  twigs. 

With'er,  v.  t.  or  /.  To  fade ; 
to  dry  up  ;  to  decay. 

With'erg,  n.  pi.     The  ridge 


between  the  shoulder-bones 
of  a  horse. 
With-hold',  V.  t.  [imp.  Sc^p, 

p.  WITHHELD.]     To  hold 

or  keep  back. 

With'in',  prep.  In  the  inner 
part  of.  —  adv.  Inwardly. 

Witii-out',  prep.  Out  of ;  be^ 
yond  ;  independently  of.  — 
adv.  On  the  outside.  —  conj. 
Unless  ;  except. 

With -stand',  v.  t.  [imp. 
WITHSTOOD.]  To  oppose; 
to  resist. 

With'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  like, 
withes  ;  flexible. 

WiVless,  a.  Wanting  wit  or 
understanding. 

Wit'ling,  n.  A  pretender  to 
wit ;  one  who  has  little  wit. 

Wit'ness,  n.  Testimony  ; 
evidence  ;  a  person  who  tes- 
tifies or  gives  evidence.  —  v. 
To  see ;  to  bear  testimony  ; 
to  attest. 

Wit'ti-Qism,  n.  A  phrase  af- 
fectedly'witty ;  a  conctit. 

Wit'ti-ly,  adv.    With  wit. 

Wit'ting-ly,  adv.  Knowing- 
ly ;  by  design. 

Wit'ty  (7),  a.  Full  of  wit; 
smart  ;  humorous  ;  droll  ; 
facetious;  satirical. 

Wlveg,  n. ;  pi.  of  W  ife. 

Wiz'ard,  n.  A  magician  ;  a 
conjurer ;  a  sorcerer. 

Wiz'en,  a.    Thin;  dried  up. 

Woad,  n.  A  plant,  the  kaves 
of  which  furnish  a  blue  col- 
oring matter. 

Woe  (27),  n.  A  heavy  calam- 
ity ;  sorrow ;  grief. 

W6e'-be-g6ne^  a.  Over- 
whelmed with  woe. 

Wo'ful   )  (17),  a.    Very  sor- 

Woe'ful  )  rowful ;  full  of 
distress.  —  Syn.  Calami- 
tous ;  afflictive ;  miserable. 

Wolf  (wylf,  20),  n.  A  car- 
nivorous animal. 

Wolfish,  a.  Like  a  wolf ;  ra- 
pacious ;  destructive. 

Wolf's'bane,  n.  A  poisonous 
plant. 

Wom'an  (21),  n.  An  adult 
female  of  the  human  race. 

Wom'an-hdbd,  n.  The  stato 
or  qualities  of  a  woman. 


,  f,  short;  care, car,  Sisk,  all,  wh§it ;  Ore,  vgU,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm  j 


WOMANLY 


801 


WRAPPING 


Wom'an-ly,  a.  Becoming  a 
woman. 

Womb  (wcJbm),  n.  Place 
where  any  thing  is  gener- 
ated or  produced.  [Woman. 

Wom'en  (wim'en),  n.  pi.  of 

Won,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Win. 

Won'der,  n.  Surprise  ;  as- 
tonishment.—  V.  i.  To  be 
surprised ;  to  marvel. 

W6n'der-ful,  a.  Exciting 
wonder  or  surprise;  aston- 
ishing ;  surprising. 

W6n'drous,  a.  Wonderful; 
marvelous;  strange. 

W6nt(want),a.  Accustomed ; 
habituated.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
accustomed. 

Wdnt'ed  (wunt^ed),  a.  Ac- 
customed ;  customary. 

Wc5b(15),  V.  t.  To  solicit  in 
marriage.  —  v.  i.  To  make 
love ;  to  court. 

Wdbd,  n.  A  collection  of 
trees ;  substance  of  a  tree  ; 
timber;  fuel.— r.  t.  To 
supply  with  wood,  [plant. 

Wdbd'blne,  n.    A  climbing 

W(5t)d'chuck,  n.  A  certain 
small  burrowing  animal. 

Wdbd'€6ck,  n.  A  bird  of 
the  snipe  family. 

Wdbd'-cut,  n.  An  engrav- 
ing on  wood,  or  an  impres- 
sion from  it. 

W(5&d'ed,  a.  Covered  or  sup- 
plied with  wood. 

Wobd'en  (wobd'n),  a.  Made 
of  wood ;  hard  ;  clumsy. 

Wdbd'-house,  n.  A  house 
or  shed  for  wood. 

Wdbd'land,  n.  Land  covered 
with  wood  or  trees. 

W(5bd'-nymph,  n.  A  fabled 
goddess  of  the  woodg. 

Wdbd'peck-er,  n.     A  bird 
that  pecks  holes  in  trees  in 
pursuit  of  insects. 
Wdbd'y,  a.  Abounding  with, 

or  consisting  of,  wood. 
Wc5b'er,  n.    One  who  wooes. 
Woof,  n.    Threads  that  cross 
the  warp  in  weaving  ;  weft. 
WdbL  n.   The  fleece  of  sheep  ; 

short,  thick,  crispy  hair. 
WdblV^n  (  (8),  a.  Consisting 
WdbPlen  \    of,  or  pertaining 
to,  wool. 


Wdbl'Ii-ness,  n.  State  or 
quality  of  being  woolly. 

Wdbl'ly,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 
resembling,  wool. 

Wobl'-s3,ck,  n.  A  sack  of 
wool  ;  seat  of  the  Lord 
Chancellor  of  England  in 
the  House  of  Lords. 

Word  (wQrd),  n.  Spoken  or 
written  sign  of  an  idea  ;  a 
term  ;  vocable  ;  message  ; 
promise  ;  token  ;  tidings  ,* 
the  Scriptures.  —  v.  t.  To 
express  in  words. 

Word'i-ness  (wfird^-),  n.  Yer- 
bosity  ;  verbiage. 

Word'ing  (wQrd''ing),n.  Man- 
ner of  expi*essing  in  words. 

Word'y  (wurd/5'),  «•  ^'sing 
many  words ;  verbose. 

Wore,  imp.  of  Wear. 

Work  (wQrk),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  worked;  wrought.] 
To  labor ;  to  operate  ;  to 
strain  ;  to  toil ;  to  ferment. 
—  V.  To  prepare  or  form  by 
labor  ;  to  embroider.  —  n. 
Labor ;  toil  ;  employment  ; 
a  book ;  any  thing  made. 

Work'-house  (wQrk'-),  n.  A 
house  for  employing  the  idle 
or  poor.  [tion. 

Work'ing  (wQrk/-),  n.  Opera- 

Work'man  (wQrk/-,  21),  n. 
A  worker ;  a  skilled  laborer. 

Work'man-ship  (wurk/-),  n. 
Work  done  ;  manufacture  ; 
manner  of  making ;  skill. 

Work'shop  (wdrk^-),  n.  A 
shop  where  work  is  done. 

World  (wQrld),  n.  The  earth  ; 
the  universe  ;  mankind  ;  all 
which  the  earth  contains. 

World'li-ness  (wfirld^-),  n. 
State  of  being  worldly  ;  inor- 
dinate love  of  earthly  things. 

Worldling  (w<irld/-),n.  One 
devoted  to  worldly  things. 

World'ly  (wtlrld/-),  a.  ^Re- 
lating to  this  world ;  devoted 
to  worldly  enjoyments  ;  tem- 
poral. 

W  orra  ( wt^ rm ) ,  n .  Any  sm  all , 
creeping  insect ;  a  grub ;  a 
reptile  ;  any  thing  spiral.  — 
V.  t.  To  work  slowly  and 
secretly. —  v.  i.  To  gain 
slowly  and  by  secret  means. 


Worm'wdbd  (wQrm'-),  n.  A 
plant  having  a  bitter  taste. 

Worm'y  (wurm'-),  v.  Full  of 
worms;  like  a  worm. 

Worn,  p.  p.  of  Wear. 

^bv'TY  (wGr^rj^,  13),  v.  t.  To 
harrass  with  importunity, 
anxiety,  or  labor.  —  Syn. 
To  tease ;  trouble ;  vex.  —  n. 
Vexation  ;  anxiety  ;  trouble. 

Worse  (wQrss),  a.  More  bad. 
n.  A  more  evil  state.  —  adv. 
In  a  manner  more  evil. 

Wor'ship  (wQr'ship),  n.  Re- 
ligious homage ;  adoration ; 
a  title  of  honor.  — v.  t.  or  i. 
(8)  To  adore. 

Wor'ship-er   /  (wQr-),a.  One 

Wor'ship-per  \  who  worships. 

Wor'ship-ful  (wOr'ship-),  a. 
AV'orthy  of  honor. 

Worst  (wfirst),  a.  Most  vile 
or  wicked.  —  n.  The  most 
evil  state.  —  v.  t.  To  defeat. 

Wprst'ed  (wnst/ed),  n.  Yarn 
from  combed  and  long  sta- 
ple wool.  —  a.  Consisting 
of  worsted.  [herb. 

Wort  (wurt),  n.  A  plant ;  an 

Worth  (wQrth),  v.  i.  To  be, 
as,  woe  worth  the  day.  —  n. 
Yalue;  desert. 

Wor'tiii-ly  (wGr^-),  adv.  So 
as  to  deserve  well ;  suitably. 

Worth'less  ( wQrth'-),  a.  Hav- 
ing no  worth  or  value. 

Wor'thy  (wCir/thJ-),  a.  Hav- 
ing worth  ;  deserving ;  ex- 
cellent; meritorious.  — n.  A 
man  of  eminent  worth. 

Would  (w(5bd),  imp.  of  Will. 

Wound  ( wcJond  or  wownd),  n. 
A  hurt;  a  cut ;  a  bruise.  — 
V.  t.  To  hurt  or  bruise.  — 
imp.  of  Wind. 

Wove,  imp.  of  Weave. 

Wov'en,  p.  p.  of  Weave. 

Wran'gle  (n1ng/gl),  w.  An 
angry  dispute. — v.  i.  To 
dispute  angrily  or  noisily. 

Wran'gler  (rSng^gler),  n. 
One  who  wrangles. 

Wrap  (rap,  1),v.  t.  To  roll  or 
fold  together  ;  to  involve. 

Wrap'per  (r:tp'per),  n.  One 
who,  or  that  which,  wraps  ; 
a  cover.  [covering. 

Wrap'ping  (rap^-),  n.  A 


^  86n,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  t<ro,  tcJbk ;  flm,  rjje,  pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard ;  a§  ;  ejist ;  0  as  ng ;  this. 


WRATH 


802 


YARD 


Wrath  (rath),  n.  Violent  an- 
ger or  exasperation.  —  Syn. 
Fury  ;  rage  ;  passion ;  re- 
sentment ;  indignation. 

Wrath'ful  (rath/-),  a.  Angry  ; 
enraged;  furious.  [angry. 

Wrath'y  (rath^-),  a.  Very 

Wreak  (reek),  v.t.  To  inflict. 

Wreath  (reeth),n.  Something 

'  twisted  ;  a  garland. 

Wreathe  (reeth),  v.  t.  To 
twist ;  to  entwine. 

Wreck  (rek),  v.  t.  To  destroy 
or  damage,  as  a  vessel,  by 
driving  on  the  shore  or  on 
rocks,  &c.  ;  to  strand.  — n. 
Destruction  by  sea  ;  any 
thing  wrecked ;  ruin. 

Wreck'er  (rek^er),  n.  One 
who  causes  a  wreck ;  one 
who  searches  for  wrecks. 

WrSn  (ren),  n.  A  small  bird. 

Wrench  (rench),  v.  t.  To 
pull  with  a  twist ;  to  wrest. 
—  n.  A  violent  twist ;  a 
sprain ;  an  instrument  for 
turning  bolts,  &c. 

WrSst  (rest),  v.  t.  To  take 
from  by  force ;  to  distort.  — 
n.  Violent  perversion. 

Wres'tle  (res'l),  v.  i.  To 
grapple  and  struggle  ;  to 
strive,  [skilled  in  wrestling. 

Wres'tler  (res^ler),  ».  One 


Wrgst'ling  (rgg/Hng),  n.  A 
wrestle ;  a  struggle. 

Wretch  (rech),  n.  A  miser- 
able person  ;  a  vile  knave. 

Wretch'ed  (rech'ed),  a.  Very 
miserable.  —  Syn.  Unhap- 
py ;  afflicted  ;  worthless. 

Wrig'gle  (rig/gl),  v.  i.  To 
move  to  and  fro  with  short 
motions.  —  v.  t.  To  move 
by  twisting  and  squirming. 

Wrig'gler  (rig^-),  n.  One  who 
wriggles. 

Wright  (rit),  n.  A  workman ; 
an  artificer. 

Wring  (ring),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. 

p.  WRINGED  or  WRUNG.] 

To  twist ;  to  turn  ;  to  strain  ; 
to  distress  ;  to  extort. 

Wring'er  (ring/-),  n.  One 
who  rings ;  a  machine  for 
wringing  clothes  after  they 
have  been  washed. 

Wrink'le  (rmk/1),  n.  A 
crease  ;  ridge  ;  furrow.  —  v. 
To  contract  into  furrows. 

Wrist  (rist),  n.  Joint  con- 
necting the  hand  and  arm. 

Wrist'band  (rist^-),  n.  Part 
of  a  sleeve  covering  the  wrist. 

Writ  (rYt),  w.  A  writing  ;  the 
Scriptures ;  a  legal  instru- 
ment or  process. 

Write  (rit),   v.   t.  [imp. 


WROTE  ;  p.  p.  WRITTEN.] 

To  form  as  letters  and 
words,  with  a  pen ;  to  in- 
scribe ;  to  compose. 

Writ'er  (rlt/er),  n.  One  who 
writes ;  an  author. 

Writhe  (ritii ),v.t.  To  twist ; 
to  distort  or  be  distorted. 

Writ'ing  (ruling,  11),  n.  Act 
of  one  who  writes  ;  that 
which  is  written  ;  a  manu- 
script ;  a  deed. 

Writ'ten  (rit/tn),  a.  Ex- 
pressed in  letters. 

Wrong  (rong),  n.  Injustice ; 
injury.  —  a.  Not  right ;  er- 
roneous. —  V.  t.   To  injure. 

WrSng'ful  (rQng/-,  17),  a. 
Unjust ;  injurious. 

Wrong'-head'ed  (rong/-),  a. 
Wrong  in  opinion  ;  perverse. 

Wr6ng'ly  (rong/-),  adv.  In- 
juriously ;  unjustly  ;  amiss. 

Wrote  (r5t),  imp.  of  Write. 

Wroth  (rawth),  a.  Full  of 
wrath  ;  very  angry. 

Wrought  (rawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
Formed  by  labor. 

Wriing  (rilng),  imp.  &,  p.  p. 
of  Wring. 

Wry  (rl),  a.  Twisted ;  dis- 
torted. 

Wry 'ness  ( ri/- ,  13 ) ,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  wry. 


X. 


vAN'THI-€  (zan/thik),  a. 

Yellov.ish. 
Xe'bC€(zG/bek,5), «.  A  three- 
masted  vessel  used  in  the 
Mediterranean  sea. 


Xy-16g'ra-pher  (zT-),  n.  A 
wood-engraver. 

Xy/lo-graph'i€     )  (zT-),  a. 

X^/lo-graph'i€-al  j  Belong- 
ing to  wood-engraving. 


Xy-16g'ra-phy  (zT-),  n.  The 
act  or  the  art  of  engraving 
on  wood. 

X^-16ph'a-goiis(zI-),a.  Feed- 
ing on  wood. 


Y. 


YACHT  (yot),  n.    A  sea- 
going vessel  for  pleasure- 
V"     trips,  racing,  &c. 
Yacht'ing  (yot/ing),  n.  Sail- 


ing on  pleasure  excursions 
in  a  yacht,   [its  edible  root. 
Yam,w.  A  tropical  plant  and 
Yan'kee  (10),  n.  A  New-Eng- 


lander ;    a  citizen  of  the 
Northern  States. 
Yard,  n.  A  measure  of  three 
feet ;  an  inclosure ;  a  long, 


-  a,  e,  I,  0,  u,  y.long ;        !,  6,  ti,     short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  vgil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm  f 


YARD-ARM 


803 


ZIGZAG 


giender  piece  of  timber  by 
wiiich  a  sail  is  extended. 

Yard'-arm,  n.  Half  of  a 
ship's  yard. 

Yard'-stick,  )  n.     A  stick 

Yard '-wand,  j  three  feet  in 
length,  used  as  a  measure. 

Yarn,  n.  Spun  wool,  flax, 
or  cotton  ;  a  story  spun  out. 

Yar'row,  n.  A  plant  having 
a  strong  smell  and  taste. 

Yaw,  n.  Temporary  devia- 
tion of  a  vessel  from  her 
course. — v.  i.  To  deviate. 

Yawl,  n.  A  ship's  boat. 

Yawn,  V.  i.  To  gape.  —  n. 
Act  of  gaping. 

Ye,  pron.    Plural  of  Tliou, 

Yea  (or  ye),  arfr.  Yes;  ver- 
ily; certainly;  ay. 

Yean,  v.   To  bring  forth. 

Yean'ling,n.  A  young  sheep. 

Year,  n.  Time  occupied  by 
the  earth  in  revolving 
around  the  sun  ;  twelve  cal- 
endar months,  or  365  days. 

Year'ling,  n.  A  beast  a  year 
old. 

Year'ly,  a.  Annual  ;  com- 
ing every  year.  —  adv.  An- 
nually ;  once  a  year. 

Yearn,  v.  i.  To  feel  earnest 
desire  ;  to  long. 

Yearn'ing,n.  Strong  desire. 

Yeast,  n.  Froth  of  beer  or 
other  liquor  in  fermenta- 
tion. 

Yeast'y ,  a.  Foamy ,  like  yeast. 
Yelk,  n.   Yellow  part  of  an 
egg. 


Ygll  (l),v. ».  To  utter  a  sharp 
outcry.  —  n.  A  sharp,  loud 
outcry. 

Yel'low,"  a.  Of  the  color  of 
gold.— n.  A  bright  gold 
color. 

Yel'low  Fe'ver.  A  malignant 
fever,  attended  with  yellow- 
ness of  the  skiu. 

Yel'15w-ish,  a.  Moderately 
jellow. 

Yel'lows,  n.  pi.  Jaundice  in 
horses,  &c. ;  a  disease  of 
peach-trees.  [a  dog. 

Yelp,  V.  i.  To  bark  shrilly,  aa 

Yeo'man  (21),  n.  A  freehold- 
er ;  a  man  free  bom. 

Ye5'man-ry,  n.  The  collect- 
ive body  of  yeomen. 

Yerk,  v.  t.  To  jerk.  —  n.  A 
jerk. 

Yes  (2),  adv.   Yea;  a  word 

that  affirms. 
Yest,n.    See  Yeast. 
Yes'ter,  a.    Last  ;  next  be- 
fore the  present. 
Yes'ter-day,  n.  The  day  last 

past.  —  adv.     On  the  day 

last  past. 
Yet,  conj.     Nevertheless.  — 

adv.     Besides  ;    at  least  ; 

even  ;  at  all ;  thus  far. 
Yew  (y]j),  n.    An  evergreen 

tree  allied  to  the  pines. 
Yield,  V.  t.    To  produce  ;  to 

furnish;   to  afford. — v.  i. 

To  surrender  ;  to  comply  ; 

to  give  way.  —  n.  A  jerk. 
Yield'ing,  p.  a.    Inclined  to 

give  way ;  compliant. 


Yoke,  n.  A  frame  worn  on 
the  neck,  used  to  connect 
oxen  for  work  ;  bondage ;  a 
couple.  — V.  t.  To  connect ; 
to  unite. 
Yoke'-fePlow,  )  n.  An  asso- 
Yoke'mate,     )      ciate  ;  a 

couipuniou  ;  a  partner. 
Yolk  (yolk  or  y5k),  n.  Tho 

}  elk  of  an  egg. 
Yon,        )  a.   Being  at  a  dis- 
Yon'der,  j  tance,  but  within 

view.  —  adv.  At  a  distance, 

within  view. 
Yore,  adv.    Of  old  time. 
You    (yoo),   pron.  Second 

jxirson  singular  or  plural. 
Young,  a.    Not  long  born  ; 

juvenile.  —  n.  The  offspring 

of  animals. 
Youn'ger  (yHng/ger),  a.  Not 

so  old  as  another. 
Yoiin'gest    (yung/gest),  a. 

Having  the  least  age. 
Young'ish,  a.  Rather  young. 
Young'ling,  n.    A  youth; 

any  j  oung  creature. 
Young'ster,  n.  A  young  per- 
son ;  a  lad. 
Your,  possessive  pron.  Bo- 
longing  to  you. 
Your-seW ,  pron.   You  only  ; 

--used  emphatically. 
Youth,  n.    The  early  part  of 

life  ;  a  young  person  ;  young 

persons  collectively. 
Yoijth'ful,  a.  Young  ;  fresh  ; 

vigorous  ;     pertaining  to 

youth. 
Yule,  n.  Christmas. 


After,  n.  impure  ox- 
jtJ    ide  of  cobalt. 
Za'ny  (19),  n.   A  merry-an- 

drew ;  a  buffoon. 
Zeal,  n.    Passionate  ardor; 

earnestness. 
ZeaPot  (zel^ot),  n.    One  fuU 

of  zeal. 

Zeal'ous  (zeFus),  a.  Filled 
with  zeal ;  eager  ;  earnest. 


Ze'bra  (18),  n. 
A  South  Af- 
rican animal 
marked  with 

.  _stripes. 

Ze'nith,  n. 

That  point  in  Zebra, 
the  heavens  which  is  di- 
rectly overhead  ;  greatest 
height. 


Zeph'yr,  n.  A  gentle  west 
wind. 

Ze'ro  {pi.  Ze'ros,  18),  n.  The 
cipher,  0  ;  the  point  from 
which  a  thermometer  is 
graduated. 

Zest,  n.  Orange  peel  cut  thin  ; 
a  relish  ;  taste.  —  v.  t.  '  To 
give  a  flavor  to. 

Zig'za.g^  a.    Having  frequent 


»oa,  or,  dQ,  w^lf,  too,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rue,  pi^U  ;  9,     sojt ;     g,  hard  ;     ;  epst  5  a  as  ng  ;  this. 


ZINC 


804 


ZYMOTIC 


short,    sharp    turns.  —  n. 

Something  with  short  turns. 

—  v.t.{S)    To  form  with 

short  turns. 
Zin-e  (5),  n.    A  bluish-white 

metal.  [zinc. 
Zmck'y  (6),  a.  Pertaining  to 
Zo'di-a-e  (5),  n.   ^^p^  ^ 

An  imaginary  ^  \ 

belt    in  the 

h  e  a  y  e  n  s  , 

which  is  the 

Bun's  path, 

and    contains  Zodiac. 

twelve     constellations  or 
fr  signs. 
Zo-di'a€-al,a.  Pertaining  to, 

or  within,  the  zodiac. 
Zone,  n.  One  of  five  great 

divisions  of  the  earth  hav- 


ing relation  to  climate ;  a 
girdle  ;  circumference. 

Zo-6g'ra-pher,  n.  One  who 
describes  animals,  their 
habits,  &c. 

Zo^o-graph'i-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  description  of 
animals. 

Zo-6g'ra-phy,  n.  The  de- 
scription of  animals'. 

Zo/o-log'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  zoology.         [in  zoology. 

Zo-6Po-gist,  n.    One  versed 

Zo-61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of  an- 
imals, their  structure,  hab- 
its, &c. 

Zo-on'o-my,  n.  The  laws  of 
animal  life. 

Zo'o-phyte,  n.  A  body  par- 
taking of  the  nature  both 


of  an  animal  and  a  vegeta- 
ble, [to  zoophytes. 
Zo'o-ph^'i«,  a.  Pertaining 
Zo-6t'o-mist,  n.  One  who 
dissects  the  bodies  of  ani- 
mals. 

Zo-6t'o-my,  n.  The  anatomy 
of  brute  animals. 

Zouave  (zwav  or  zob-av^),  n. 
One  of  a  body  of  soldiers 
wearing  an  Arab  dress. 

Zyg^o-mat'ie,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  cheek  bone. 

Zy-m61'o-gy,  n.  A  treatise 
on,  or  the  doctrine  of,  fer- 
mented liquors. 

Zy-m6t'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  caused  by,  fermentation, 
or  some  principle  of  disease 
acting  like  a  ferment. 


a,  e ,  1,  o,  Q ,  y ,  long ;  3 ,  e ,  i ,  6,  U,  ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 
Bon,  6r,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tol)k ;  dm,  rj^e,  pi,ill ;  f,  ^,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;     }  ejist }  11  as  ng ;  this. 


Ya 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


EXPLANATION  OF  ABBREVIATIONS  AND  SIGNS. 


Ar.  Arabic. 
Dan.  Danish. 
Fr.  French. 
Ger.  German. 
Hung.  Hungarian. 
Fort.  Portuguese. 


pron.  pronunciation. 
Russ.  Russian. 
Sp.  Spanish. 
Sw.  Swedish. 
Syn.  Synonym. 
Turk.  Turkish. 


g,i,  9,  marked  with  this  sign  [J  under- 
neath, have  an  obscure  sound  similar  to 
that  of  short  w,  but  are  usually  consid- 
erably shorter,  and,  indeed,  sometimes 
are  almost  mute:  thus,  Grat^'tan  might 
be  pronounced  grat^tUn  or  griiVt'n  ;  Hel^- 
Igr,  hSPlur  or  hel^rr,  &c. 

S,  e,  5  are  similar  in  sound  to  a,  e,  o,  but  are 
not  to  be  pronounced  so  long. 

H  is  employed  to  denote  the  long  sound  of  a. 

b  has  a  sound  similar  to  e  in  her ;  it  may  be 
Anglicized  by  e. 

U  represents  the  sound  of  the  German  Yi  and 
the  French  which  are  uttered  with  the 
lips  in  the  position  for  oo  and  the  tongue 
in  that  for  ee  ;  it  may  be  Anglicized  by  the 
English  u. 

U,  small  capital,  is  intended  to  represent  the 
sound  of  the  French  eu,  which  is  pro- 
nounced nearly  like  u  in  the  English  word 
fur. 

B,  small  capital,  is  used  to  denote  the  sound 
of  6  in  Spanish,  often  nearly  approximat- 
ing that  of  V. 

D,  small  capital,  is  intended  to  represent  a 
sound  similar  to  th  in  this. 

a  and  K,  small  capitals,  indicate  a  peculiar 
guttural  sound  of  the  German  cA,  or  one 
similar  to  it. 
20 


H,  small  capital,  has  a  sound  somewhat  similar 

to  the  preceding,  but  more  resembling  a 

strongly  aspirated  h. 
I  {I  liquid)  is  to  be  pronounced  like  IH  in 

million ;  it  blends  the  sounds  of  /  and  y 

consonant. 

M  and  N,  small  capitals,  are  used  in  the  re- 
spelling  of  French  words,  to  represent  the 
nasal  sound  of  the  preceding  vowel,  and 
are  not  themselves  to  be  pronounced.  The 
French  nasal  vowels  are  aN,  5n,  on,  tlN,  be- 
ing similar  in  sound  to  ang^  6ng,6ng,  ung. 

S  is  pronounced  like  ni  in  minion  ;  it  blends 
the  sounds  of  n  and  y  consonant. 

R,  small  capital,  has  nearly  the  sound  of  rr  m 
terror,  but  stronger. 

8  is  used  to  indicate  that  the  sound  of  the  s  iff 
very  soft,  nearly  resembling  our  z.  In 
the  middle  of  a  word  it  should  be  pro- 
nounced like  a  soft  z, 

w  has  a  sound  similar  to  our  v.  The  "  over 
the  w  is  intended  to  point  out  its  alliance 
to  our  V. 

y  and  ey  at  the  end  of  an  unaccented  syllable 
sound  like  i  in  pin. 

ait  and  aiv  have  the  sound  of  a  in  falL 

ee  indicates  the  clear  sound  of  short  t  before  r, 
as  in  the  English  words  spirit,  miracle,  &c. 

oiv  is  to  be  pronounced  like  ow  in  cow,  and  ou 
like  ou  in  house.  In  respelling  for  pronun- 
ciation, ow  has  been  replaced  by  ou  wher- 
ever the  former  combination  would  be 
liable  to  be  pronounced  like  5, .as  in  grot^,, 
tow,  &c. 

The  other  marked  letters  are  the  same  9' 
those  used  in  the  body  of  the  Bictionaiuent 
(305)  — 
fais. 


306 


MODERN  GEOGEAPmCAL  NAMES. 


Aa  (S) 

Aalborg  (51'boRG) 
Abbeville  (Fr.)  (ab'- 

AVbe-ville(S.  C.) 
Ab/er-br6th'9ck,  or 

Ar^broath. 
Ab/er-deen'  [ga'm) 
Abergavenny  (Sb^er- 
Ab^er-isfwith  {th  as 

\nthin) 
Abomey  (ab^o-ma') 
Abookeer,  or  Abukir 

(a-boo-keerO 
Ab/ys-sinl-a  [ko) 
Acapulco  (a-ka-pool''- 
Ac'co-mac' 

Ach-een',    or  Atch- 
een'  [kwee) 
Acqui,  or  Aqui  (a^- 
Acquia  (a-kwi''a) 
Acre  (a/kr  or  a-'ker) 
Adige  (a/de-je)  [beRGO 
Adlerberg  (a'dler- 
Adour  (a'dooR') 
Adrianople  (ad/ri-an- 
Ad/ri-at'ic  [o'pl) 
^gean  (Sea)  (e-jee/an) 
Afghanistan  (af-gan^- 

is-tan') 
A^'in-court    (or  a'- 

zh5N/kooR') 
Agulhas  (a-gooVyas) 
Ah'med-nug'gur 
Aix  (aks) 

Aix-la-Chapelle  (5ks- 

la-sha/pel') 
Ajaccio  (a-yat''cho) 
Akerman  ( a'kor-manO 
AFa-ba'ma,  or  AFg- 

ba/ma 
Alamo  (Vlii-mo) 
Aland    (a/land)  (Sw. 

Aland,  o^liind) 
A-lap^a-h,y 
Al-bii/ui-a 
Albano  (jil-ba'no) 
Albans,  St.  (sgnt  awF- 

bunz) 
Albany  (aTvl''ba-n5^) 
AFbe-marle'  (U.  S.) 

Ibuquerque  (al-boo- 

ker./kil    or  al^boo- 
crk) 

la(al-ka-laO  [ra) 
>tara  (al-kan^ta- 


Al/d§r-ney 

Alem  Tejo,  or  Alen- 

Tejo(a-leN-ta/zho) 
Alenfon    (a-len^sgn ; 

Fr.j)ron.'i.'\o^'?o\x') 
Alessandria  (al-es- 

sanMre-a) 
Aleutian  (a-lu'shi-an) 
AFex-an-dret'ta 
APe^-an'dri-a 
Algarve  (al-gaR^vS) 
Al-§e/ri-a  [ras) 
Algeziras  (al-je-zee^- 
Al-gierg/ 

Al-T-cant',  or  Alicante 

(a-le-kan^tS,) 
Allahabad  (aFlah-ha- 
AFle-gha/ny  [bad') 
Almaden  (al-ma-neii/) 
Almeida  (al-ma''e-da) 
Alsace  (aPsass') 
Altai  (al-tiO 
Altamaha  (awl'ta-ma- 

haw') 
Al'tgn 

Altona  (aFtg-na) 
Altorf    (aiaoRf),  or 

Altdorf 
Am''a-zQa 
Am -boy' 
Am-boy''na 
A-m6r/i-ca 
Amherst  (am'grst) 
Amiens  (am^-gnz ;  Fr. 

pron.  a-me^oN') 
Am'mQ-noo'suck 
Amoo,      or  Amou 

(a-mooO 
Amoor,    or  Amour 

(a-moorO 
A-moy' 
Am^'stgr-dam' 
An-a-deer/,  or  Anadir 
Anahuac  (ii-na-wakO 
A-nam'  or  An^nam' 
AndalUwSia  (an^da-lu'- 
shi-a  ;  Sp.  pron.  an- 
da-loo-thee/ji) 
AnMa-man'^ 
Andes  (anMez) 
Andorra  (an-doR''Ra) 
An^do-vgr 
An'dros-cog'gin 
Angers  (an^'jgrz) 
Anglesey,  or  Anglesea 

(ang'gl-se) 
An-go'la  [too'rii) 
Angostura  (an-gos- 


V.  Ions :  5,  5.  Bcc,  short :  care,  far,  ask, 


Anhalt  (an-'halt) 
Anholt  (an/hol-t) 
An'jou  {Fr.  pron.  oN''- 

zhoo') 
Annagh  (an-na') 
An-nap/o-lis 
Ann  A-runMel 
Annecy  (an'se') 
Annobon  (an^no-bon*) 
Anspach  (ans^paK) 
Antibes(5N/teeb') 
An/tl-cos'ti 
An-tie'tam 
Antigua  (an-te'ga) 
Antilles    (an-teeF  or 

oN^teel') 
An/ti-ocb 

Antioquia  (an-te-o- 

kee'a) 
Antwerp 
Apache  (a-pa'cha) 
Ap''en-nine§ 
Ap'pa-lach'ee 
Ap/pa-lach/i-€ona 
Apurimac  (a-poo-re- 

makO 
Aquila  (a^kwe-la) 
Arabia  (a-ra'bi-a) 
Arad  (or'od-') 
Ar^a-gon  {Sp.  pron. 

a-ra-gonO 
Ir^al 
Ar'a-rat 
Ar-cot' 

ArMgn,  or  Ardennes 

(aR^den') 
Arequipa  ( a-rS-kee-'pa) 
ArgcnteuiK  (aR-'zhSN^- 
tul') 

Ar/gen-tine  Re-public 
Argostoli  (aR-gos'to- 
lee)  [gilO 
Argyle,  or  Argyll  (ar- 
Arica  (a-re^ka) 
Ariego  (a^re-azh') 
Ar/i-zo'na 

Ar-kan'sas  {formerly 

pron.  ar^kan-saw) 
Aries  (arlz  ;  Fr.  pron. 
aRl) 

Armagh  (ar-maO 
Armagnac  (aR^man^- 
Ar-mc^nY-a  [yak') 
A-roos^tobk 
Arpino  (aR-pee'no) 
Ar''ra-can',  or  Aracan 
Ar-rap'a-hoe.  Syn. 
Arapahoe 


Ar'ras  ( J^V.  pron.  Sr'- 

ras') 
Artois  (aR^tvra') 
Ar/uu-del  (Eng.) 
A-run'del  (U.  S.) 
Ag^aph 

Aschalfenburg  (a- 

shaffen-burg) 
Ascoli  (as/ko-lee)  ^^ 
A-shan'tee,  or  Ash'- 

an-tee' 
Ash/ta-bu1a  [lot) 
Ash^ue-lot  "  (ash^we- 
Asia  (a'shi-a,  not  a'- 

zhi-a) 
As-sam' 
As-sin'ni-boin' 
Assisi  (as-see^see) 
Asterabad  (as^tgR-a- 

bad') 
Asti  (as'tee) 
Astorga  (iis-toR'ga) 
As-to'ri-a  [trakhan 
As-tra-ean',    or  As- 
Asturias  (as-too^re-as) 
Atacama  (ji-ta-ka/mii) 
Atchafalaya  (atch-af- 

AtVa-pcs'covr,  or 

Ath^a-bas'cjj 
Ath-lone' 
Ath/Ql,  or  A'thQl 
Athy  (a-thiO 
At/las 
Aube  (ob) 
Augs^burg 

Augustine,    St.  (sgnt 

aw'gus-teenO 
Aurungabad  (o-rung^- 

ga-bad') 
Aus/tgr-litz(-lits;  Ger. 
"pron.  ows'tgr-lits)^ 
Aus^tral-a'si-a  (-a^- 

shi-aj 
Aus-tra''li-a 
Aus''tr!-a 
Autun  (6/tS_N') 
Auvergne  (o-vcrn''  or 

o'vC'Rn') 
Aux  Cayes  (o  ka) 
Auxerre  (o-'seR') 
Auxonne  (oks^on'),  or 

Aussone  (os/sQn') 
Ava  (a'va) 

Avignon  (a'ven/ySN') 
Avon  (a'VQn) 
Ayr(ar) 
I  Ayrshire  (fir'shir) 


Arapanoe.  i  ^ji^-*"""  ""i-/ 

all,  wh^t ;  §re,  veil,  tSrm  ;  pique,  fTrm  ;  86n 


MODEKN  GEOGRAPinCAL  NAMES. 


307 


Ar/of,  Azoph,  or  AzoT 
Azores  (rj-zorz'  or  a- 
zo/rez) 


Ba'bel-manMel,  or, 
more  correctly,  Bab'- 
el-man'deb 
Badajos  (b:id-a-hosO 
Baden     (ba^dsn  or 

bad/gn) 
Bagdad  (bag-dad'  or 
bag'dad) ;  written 
also  Bagdat. 
Ba-ba'mas 
Bahia  (ba-e/ji) 
Baikal  (bi'kalO 
Baireuth  {bi/n]th 
Ger.  pron.  bl'roit) 
BaFa-ghauts' 
BaFa-klii'va 
Balaton,  more,  correct- 
ly Bilatony  (bli/- 
law-toii)  [?el. 
Bale  (bal).    Syn.  Ba- 
BaFe-itr'ic  (Islands) 
Balize  (ba-leezO 
Balkan  (bal-kanO 
Balkh  (balk) ;  written 
also  Bulkh.  [spaw) 
BalFstgn  Spa  (spa  or 
Bal-m5r'al 
BaVtic 

Bal't!-more  (or  bawV- 

'ti-mor) 
Banff  (bamf ) ;  some- 
times tvritten  Bamff. 
Bang/kok'  [ggr) 
Bangor  (Eng.)  (bang^- 
Bau'gor  (U.  S.) 
Ban'tam' 

Bapaume  (ba'pom') 
Earataria  (ba-ra-tii^- 
re-a) 

Barbados,  or  Barba- 

does  (bar-ba/dQz) 
Bar-ce-lo^na  (or  baR 

thtl-lo/na) 
Barege  (bii/razh') 
Barita  (ba-ree^ta)  or 

Barrita 
Barnaul  (baR-nowF) 
Bar're  {in  two  sylla- 
bles.) 

Basel    (ba'zel)  (Ft. 
Bale,  or  Basle,  bal) 


Ba-ta/vT-a        [roozh)  ' 
Baton  Rouge  (bat'un 
Ba-va-ri-a 
Bayeux  (ba/yub') 
Bayonne  (ba^yon') 
Bayreuth.     -See  Bai- 
reuth. 
Beaufort  (British  Do- 
minions) (bo/furt) 
Beaufort  (S.  C.)  (bu^- 
furt) 

Behring'a  (beer'ingz) 

(Strait) 
Bel'ed-el  -  .Ter-eed' ; 
written  also  Beled- 
el-Jerid,  Biled-ul- 
Gerid,  &c. 
Bel-fast'  (Ireland) 
Bel'fast  (Maine) 
Belgium  (bel^jt-um) 
Belgrade'  [(bel-TlO 
Belle  Isle,  or  Bellisle 
Belloochistan  (bel- 

loo/chis-tan') 
Benares  (ben-a'res) 
Bengal  (ben-gawlO 
Bcnguela  (ben-ga'la) 
Benin  (ben-een^) 
Ben-Lo'mond 
Ben-Ne'vis 
BCrg'en 
Berk'shire 

Berlin  "  (  Ger.  pron. 

bgR-leen') 
Bcr-mu/da^,  or  Ber- 

moo'thes 
BCrn,  or  Bt5me  {Fr. 
and      Ger.  pron. 
beRn  or  bcRn) 
Ber/wick(Eng.)(bgr'- 
rik) 

Ber'wick  (U.  S.) 
Besanfon  (b'zdN^soN') 
Bexar  ( ^p.  pron.  b5- 
naR/ ;  often  pron.  by 
f/ieTrxan.s,  bgh-har' 
or  bar) 
Beyroot,    Berut,  or 
Bairout  (ba^root; 
Turlc.    pron.  bF- 
root) 

Bilbao  (bil-ba'o  ;  often 
written    and  pro- 
nounced  in  Eng., 
Bil/bo-a) 
Biled-ul-Gerid  (biF- 

cd-dbl-jer-eedO 
Bi^ler-ic-a 


(bing/' 


Bing/cn 
Biughamton 

um-tun) 
BTWma.  Syn.  Burma. 
Birmingham  (bir'- 

ming-um) 
Bis^cay 

Blanc,    Mont  (mON 
bloN),     or  Mount 
Blaoc. 
Blenheim  (blen/Jm) 
Bogota  (bo-go-taO 
Bo-he/mT-a 

Bokhara  (bo-Ka'ra),  or 

Bu-cha/ri-a 
Bo-liv'i-a-  {Sp.  pron. 

bo-leCve-a) 
Bologna  (bo-lon'-yi) 
Bom-buy' 

Bo'na  Yis'ta,  or  Bo'a 

Yis'>ta 
Bootan"  (boo-tan'),  or 

Bhootan 
Bordeaux  (boR'do')  or 
Bourdeaux  (booR'- 
do') 
Borgne  (bom) 
Bor'ne-o 

Bor-noo' ;  written  also 
Bornou  [no) 
Borodino  (bor-o-dee'- 
Bos'ni-a 

Bos/po-rus;   less  cor- 
rectly written  Bos- 
phorus. 
Both'ni-a 

Boulogne    (boo-lon' ; 

Fr.  pron.  boo'lon') 
Bourbon    (boor^bun ; 

Fr.  pron.  booR'box') 
Bourbon  (Ky.)  (bQr' 
bun) 

Bourdcaux.    See  Bor- 
1  deaux. 
Bowdoin  (bo'dcn) 
Brabant  (bra'bant  or 

bia-bant') 
Bra-gan'za 

Bruh'mn-poot'ra,  or 

Bur'ram-poo't^r 
Bra-ziF  "(Porf.  pron. 

bra-zeel' ) 
Brn-zo'ri-a 

Braaos    (bra'zQS  or 

bra'soss) 
Bread-aFbane 
Brechin  (breK'in) 
Brec'gn 


Breda  (br5-da0_ 
Brem'gn  (or  bra'mgn) 

(Europe) 
Bre'mcn  (U.  S.) 
Breslau   (bres'law  or 

bres'loif) 
Breton  (brit'un^ 

(Cape) 
Britain     (brit'un  or 

brit/n) 
Brit/ta-ny  (I'r.^Bre- 

tagne,  brgh-tan') 
Brobk/llne 

Brook/15n  [brick) 
BrUck  (brlik,  almost 
Bri)/j?es    (Fr.  pron. 

briizh) 
Bruun  (brUn  or  brUn) 
Bruns'wick 
Brus'sjila  (Fr.  Brux- 

ells,  bru/selO 
Bu-i:hi'rl-ri.  Syn. 

Bokhara. 
Bu/chQ-rest',  or  Bu- 
charest 
Bu'da   {Hung.  pron. 

boo'dohO 
Buena  Vista  (bwa'na 

vis'ta) 
Buenos  Ayres  (bo'nus 
a/riz ;     Sp.  pron. 
bwa'nogs  I'res) 
Bur/gun-dy 
Bulgaria  (bobl-gaM-n) 
Balkh.    Syn.  Balkh. 
BRr/ram-poo'tfT.  Syn. 

Brahmapootra. 
Bushire  (boo-sheer^ 
Byzantium  (b!-zan'- 
shi-um) 


Ca-bool'  {called  by  the 

"natives  Ka^blil) 
Ca/diz  (  Sp.  pron.  kii'- 

Deth) 
Caen  (koN) 

Caermarthen  (kcr- 
mar/then)  [vgn) 
Caernarvon  (ker-nar^- 
Caf-fra''ri-a 
Ca-haw'ba 
CaPro  (Egypt) 
Cai^ro  (U.  S.) 
Ca-la/bri-a  (or  ka-la'- 
,  "bre-a) 


ds.-?lf,t<5!>,t<rok;  <lm,ri,e,pgu;  ,,§,.0/,;  c,g,         aj  ;  ejistio^ng;  thi,  (see  p. 306^ 


808 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Calais    (kSHss;  Fr. 

pron.  ka^la') 
Cal-cut''ta 
CaFi-cut 
Cal''i-for'm-a 
Callao    (kjti-la'o  or 

kal-yS/o) 
Cam-bay/ 

Cam-bo/di-a,  or  Gam- 
boge/ 

Cam^bray,  or  Cambrai 
{Fr.pron.  koM-'bra') 

Cambridge  (kam/brij) 

Cam  peachy  (kam-pee^- 
che) 

Can''a-da 

Canajoharie  (kan'a-jo- 
hSr're) 

Canandaigua  (kan^an- 
da'gwa ) 

Cjuiaries  {ka-na''reez) 

Ca-nav'er-al 

Can-da-har',  or  Kan- 
dahar 

Cand'i-a,  or  Crete 

Cannes '(kan) 

Canterbury  (kan-'tgr- 
ber-e) 

Can^ton  (China) 

Can^tQn  (U.  S.) 

Cape  Breton  (kap 
brit^fn  or  \>v\t'\xn) 

Cap^u-a 

C;i-rac'as,  or  Caraccas 

Cardenas  (kaR/da^nas) 

Ciir^ib-be'an  Sea 

Ca-rin^'thi-a 

Carlisle  (kar-UlO 

Carlscrona  (karls- 
kroo^na) ;  or  Carls- 
croon 

Carlsruhe,  or  Karls- 
ruhe (karls^roo) 
CaroUna  (kar'o-ll'na) 
Carpathian  (kar-pa''- 

thi-an) 
Car'pen-tii'rT-a 
Carrara  (kaR-Ra^ra) 
Cartagena  (kar^ta-je'- 
ng, ;  Sp.  pron.  kaR- 
ta-Hii^'na) 
Cashmere,  or  Kash- 

mire  (kash-meer^) 
Cas/pl-an 

Cassiquiari  (ka-se-ke- 

a^ree ) 
Castile  (kas-teel^) 
Castine  (kas-teen^) 


Cat-'a-lo'm-a 
Cat^e-gat,  or  Kattegat 
Caubul  (kaw-booP). 

Syn.  Cabool. 
Cau''c<3,-sus 
Cayenne  (ki-en'') 
Cayuga  (ka-yoo^ga) 
Cebu  (se-boo''),  Sijn, 

Zebu. 
Cefalu  (chef-a-looO 
Celebes  (seVe-biz) 
Cen^is  (or  se^ne') 
Ceph/a-lo'ni-a 
Ceuta"   (sQ/ta ;  Sp. 

pron.  tha^oo-ta) 
Cevennes  (sa'^ven') 
Ceylon  (see'^lgn  or  si- 

ionO 

Chagres  (cha-'gres) 
Chaleur  (sha-loor/) 
Chalons  (sha^'loN' 
Chamouny  (sha/moo^- 
ne') 

Champagne  (shoN'- 
pan') 

Champaigne  (sham- 

panO 
Cham -plain' 
Chandeleur  (shan-dg- 

loor'' ) 

Chang-hai.  Syn. 

Shang-hai. 
Chantilly  (shan-tiK- 

lee ;      Fr.  pron. 

sh^N/tel^ye'  or 

Bh6N/te''ye') 
Chapultepec  (cha- 

pool-ta-pekO 
Charente  (sha^roNt') 
Chartres  (shaRt'r) 
Chat'ta-hoo'che 
Chat'ta-noo'ga 
C  haudiere  ( shoMe-SR-' ) 
Chautauqua  (sha- 

taw'kwa) 
Chelmsford  (chemz''- 

furd) 

Cheltenham  (chelt^- 
num) 

Chemung  (she-mung'') 
Chenango  (she-nang/- 

go) 
Che-raw' 

Cherburg  (sher'burg 

or  phSR'booR') 
Cher/o-kee' 
Chertsey  (ches'se) 
Ches'a-peake 


Che-sun'cobk 

Cheviot  (chiv'e-ut) 

Cheyenne  (she-en') 

Chicago  (she-kaw'go) 

Chick'a-hom'I-ny 

Chick'a-mau'ga 

Chick'a-pee' 

Chick'a-sawg 

Chihuahua  (che-wa'- 
■wa) 

Chih  (chil'le) 

Chil'll-coth'e 

Chillon  (she'ySN'  or 
shil'lgn) 

Chiloe  (che-lo-a'j  al- 
most chil-way') 

Chimborazo  (chim'bo- 
ra'zo) 

Chi'na 

Chinchilla  (chin'- 

cheeKya) 
Chin  In'dt-a 
Chippenham  (chip'- 

num) 

Chippewa  (chip'pe-wa) 
Chip/pe-way 
Chiswick  (chiz'ik) 
Chowan  (cho-wSln') 
Christiania  (kria-te-i'- 
ne-a) 

Chudleigh  (chtld'lee) 
Chuquisaca  (choo-ke- 

sa'ka) 
Cincinnati  (sin'sin- 

nah'tl) 
Circassia  (sQr-kash'Y-a) 
CT'ren-ces'ter  {co7n- 

monly  pron.  sis'e- 

ter  or  sis/is-tgr) 
Civita  Vecchia  (cliee'- 

vc-tii  vek'ke-ii) 
Clogher  (kloh'Her) 
Clyn-melK 
Coango  (ko-ang'go) 
Coblcutz  (kob'lcnts) 

(Gcr.  Coblenz,  ko'- 

blC'nts) 
Cochin  (ko-cheen') 
Co'chin  Chi'na 
Cohahuila,    or  Coa- 

huila  (ko-a-wee'lii) 
Co-im'bra  (or  ko-eem'- 

bra) 

Coleraine  (kol-riin') 
Cologne  (ko-lon') 
Colorado     (kol'o  ra'- 

do) 
Co-lum'bi-a 


Com'o-riu 
Com'o-ro 

Compiegne  (kCM'pe- 
an') 

Conemaugh  (kon'e- 
maw) 

Congo  (kong'go) 

Connaught  (kon'- 
nawt) 

Connecticut  (kgn- 
net'i-kut) 

Con-stan't!-no'pk 

Cooch  Bahar(ba-har') 

Coos  (ko-os^) 

Co'pcn-ha'ijen  (Dan- 
ish I^obenhavn^ 
kyo-ben-hown') 

Cor-dil'ler-as  ( Sp. 
pron.  koR-del-ya'- 
riis) 

Cor'do-va,  or  Cordoba 
Co-re'a 

Corfu  ("kor-foo'  or  kor'- 

fu) 
Cor'inth 

Corpus  Chris'ti  (kor'- 

pus  kris'te) 
Corrientes  (koR-Re- 

Cn'tes) 
Cor'si-ca 

Co-run'nn,    (Sp.  Co, 

runa,  ko-roon'ya) 
Costa    Rica  (kos'ta 

ree'ka) 
Cotopaxi  (ko-to- 

paks'e ;    Sp.  pron. 

k<i-to-pah''He) 
Coventry  (kuv'en-tre) 
Cov-'ing-t^jn 
Cowes(kowz) 
Cracow  (kra'ko) 
Crecy   (kres'se ;  Fr. 

pron.  kra'se') 
Cre-mo'na  {It.  pron. 

kra-mo'na) 
Cri-me'a  (Russ. 

Krim.") 
Croatia  (kro-a'shi-a) 
Croix,  St.  (kroi).  Syn, 

Santa  Cruz. 
.Cronstadt  (kron'stiit) 
Cu'ba  ( Sp.  pron.  koo'- 

ba) 
Cul'pep-per 
Cumana  (koo-ma-na') 
Cura^^oa  (ku'ra-so') 
Cur'ri-tuck' 
Cuzco  (koos'ko) 


a,  6,  &c., Zong-;  S., &c. ,5Aorf;  c&re,  far,  ask,  ^H,  vfhg,t ;  ^re,TciI,t5rm;  pique,  ftrm;  B6n,6r, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES.  809 


D. 

Dahomey  (dah/ho- 
Da-ko^a  [ma') 
Dalles  (dillz) 
Dalmatia  (dal-ma/- 

shi-n) 
Dalton  (dawFtQn) 
Dant/zic  (dant/sik) 

(Ger.  Danzig,  dant/- 

siG) 
Dan^ube 

Dardanelles  (dar^da- 
nelz')  [on) 

Darien    (Ga.)  (da^re- 

Darien,  Isthmus  of 
(dii-re-enO 

Darmstadt  (daRm'stat ) 

Dartmouth  (dart^- 
muth) 

Dec/can,  or  Dek^'kan 

DeFa-go'a 

Delaware"!  deVa-war ) 
Delft     (et'ery  letter 
should      be  pro- 
nounced.) 
Delhi,  or  Dehli  (Hin- 

dostau)  (dePlee) 
Demerara  (dem'or-a'- 
ra)  [shir) 
Denbighshire  (den/be- 
Deptford  (det/furd) 
DSr^by  (or  dar/bt) 
Derne  (dSr^nc  or  dCr'- 
ngh) 

Des  Moines  (de  moin) 
Des^sau  ( Ger.  pron. 

des^sow) 
De-troit/ 

Dhawalaghiri  (da- 

-woVa-ger're) 
Dieppe!  dyep  or  de-epO 
Dijon  (de^zhoN') 
Dnieper       (nee/per  ; 

Russ.  pron.  dnyep'- 

cr) 

Dniester  (nees^ter  ; 
Russ.  pron.  dny^s^- 
tor) 

Do/fra  fi-eld'.      Sy 7i. 

Dovrefield. 
Domingo  (do-ming^go) 
Dominica  (dom''e-nee'- 

ka) 

Donegal  (don-e-gawlO 
Dongola  (dong'go-ln) 
Dor-dogne  (dor/don'  ; 
Fr.  pron.  doR^don') 


Douai,  or  Douay  (doo'- 

W) ;  sometimes 
written  Do  way. 
Doubs  (doobz  or  doo) 
Douro  (doo^ro) 
Do/vro-t'i'-eld'  (Norw. 
Daavrefjeld,  do^vrg- 
fyeld') 
Drin  (dreen),  or  Drino 

(dree^no) 
Drogheda  (droh^HS- 
d^) 

Droutheim  (dronVim) 
Dublin 

Dubuque  (du-bc7okO 
Duero    (doo-a/ro  or 

dwi/ro) 
Dulwich  (dul/ij) 
Dum-blane^  [freess') 
Dumfries  (dum- 
Dun-bar^ 

Dundalk  (dun-da wk') 
Dun-dass^ 
Dun-dee' 

Dunfermline  (dum- 

fer^lin) 
Duquesne  (du-kan^) 
Durham  (dtir^um) 
Dus/sel-dorf  (Ger. 
DUsseldorf,  diis'sgl- 
doRf ) 
DwPna 

E. 

Ecuador  (ek-wii-doRO 
Edinburgh  (ed^in-bur- 
ruh);  written  also, 
but    less  properly, 
Edinboro'. 
Ed^is-to 
Egypt  (e/jipt) 
Elbe  (elb  ;   Ger.  pron. 

ePbeh) 
El-boorz',  or  El-brooz'; 
written  also  Elburz 
and  Elbrouz 
El/gin-shire 
El  Paso  del  Norte  (el 

pii'so  del  noR''ta) 
El'sf-nore',    or  Elsi- 

neur  (eVse-nur') 
England  (ing^gland) 
Entre  Douro  e  Minho 
(en/tra    doo'ro  a 
meen/yo) 
Erfurt  (eR/fobRt) 
Erie  (e^ree) 


Essequibo  (5s-sa-kc/- 
bo) 

Estremadura  (es-tra- 
ma-Doo'ra)  [toz) 
Euphrates  (y]j-fra'- 
Europe  (u'rup) 


Faeroe  ( f  a'ro  or  f  a'ro-e) 
Falkland  (fawk^land) 
Falmouth  (Ifal'muth) 
Falster    (r^FstCr  or 

laFstj^r) 
Faroe  ( tu'ro  or  fa'rb-o) 
Fayal  (fl-awF  ;  Port. 

pron.  il-'^V) 
Foe/jee.    tiyn.  Fiji. 
Ferrara  (fcR-Ra'ra) 
Fezzaa  (lez^zan') 
Fiji  [pronounced,  and 

often  written^  Fee'- 

jee) 

Fiuisterre,  Cape  (fin- 

is-terO 
Fin^land 
Fiume  (fyoo^ma) 
Flan'der^ 
Flor/ence 
Flo'rgs 
Flora-da 

Fontainebleau  (foN^- 

tan^blij') 
For-mo'sa 
France  (tVanss) 
Frauk''f(^rt 

Freiburg  (frPburg  or 

frl'bd'oRG) 
Friej/land 
Frio  (ffee^o) 
Frob/ish-er'H  Strait 
Fulda  (fobVda) 
Funchal  (foon-shaF) 
Fii'nen 

G. 

Gaeta  (ga-a'ta) 
Galapagos  (gaVa-pa'- 

gus) 
Galatz  (ga'lats) 
Ga-le'na 

Galicia  (ga-lish^-a) 

Gal/li-po-l:s'  (Ohio) 

Gal'lo-way 

GaVves-tQn 

Gal  way  (gawFwa) 


Gan'^eg 
Garda  (gaR^da) 
Garonne  (ga-ron^) 
Gas'co-nj^ 
Gaspe  (gas/pSO 
Gclders,  or  Guelders 

(gePdgrz) 
Clen/g-see' 
Ge-ne'va 
Gen'o-a 
Geor/^f-a 
(j;er''ma-n5>^ 
Geysers  (gl'serz) 
Ghauts  (gawts) 
Ghent  (gent) 
CiT-brjil'tar 
Gila  (He'llii) 
Gilolo  (ne-lo/lo) 
Gizeh  (jee/zeh  or  geC- 
Glas''gow  [zeh) 
Gloucester  (glosacr) 
Gol-con'da 
Gon'dar 
Gotha  (go'ta) 
Goth/land 

Gcittingeu,  or  Goettin- 

gen  (get^ting-gu  or 

got/ting-gn) 
Gram'pi-.;in 
Granada  (gra-na''da) 
Gratz,  or  Graetz(grets) 
Great  Britain  (brit/un 

or  brit'n) 
Greenwich  (grin/ij) 
Grenada  (gre-na^da) 
Grenoble  (gren-ob^l  or 

grch-no'b'l) 
Grisons  (gre/zox') 
Gross- Wardein  (gros- 

waR^dm ) 
Gro'ton  (Eng.) 
Gro'ton  (U.  S.) 
Guadalajara,  or  Gua* 

dalaxara  (gwii-Dii- 

la-Ha''ra) 
Guadaloupe  (gaw'da^ 

loop'  or  ga'da-loopO 
Guadalupe  (gwa-da- 

loo/pa   or  gaw'da- 

loop') 
Guadalquivir  (gaw^- 

dal-kwiv'er ;  Sp. 

pron.  gwa-Diil-ke- 

tccrO 
Guadiana  (gaw'de-a'- 

na  or  gwa-De-a^na) 
Guardafui  (gwar^da- 

fwee  or  gar'da-fwe') 


dQ,  W9lf,  to-o,  to-ok ;  to,  rye,  p^U ;  9,  ^,  soft  /  c,  g,  hard ;  ^  ;  exist;  o  05  ng  fiiia  (see  p.  305). 


810 


MODEKN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Guatemala  (gaw'te- 1 
ma'la  or  gwii-te- 
mii/la)  [keeP) 
Guayaquil  _  (gwi-a- 
Guernse}^  [gern^ze) 
Guiana  (ge-a^na),  or 

Guyana 
Guildford  (gil^ford) 
Guinea  (t?in/e)  [dotO 
Guyandott  (gi-au- 


H. 

Haarlem,  Haerlem,  or 

Harlem  (har/lem) 
Had-ra-maut' 
Hague'^(haig),  The 
Hainan  (hl-uan/)  [dee) 
Hakodadi  (ha-ko-da^- 
Hal/i-fax 
Halle  (haPleh) 
Hallo  well  (hoPo-wel) 
Ham'burg  (  Ger.  pron. 

ham''booRG) 
Hamp^shire  [no^ver) 
Han'o-ver  (Ger.  han- 
Hartz,  or  Harz  (harts) 
Hat^ter-as 

Ha-van''ji,  or  Havanna 
Haverhill  (Eng.  )(hav/- 
er-il)  [v^'riil) 
Haverhill  (Mass.  )(ha/- 
Havre  de  Grace  (hav''- 

cr  de  grass) 
Hawaii  (ha-wl/ee) 
Hayti,  or  Haiti  (h-a'ti) 
Hebrides  (heb^ri-dez) 
Hecag,  [beRGO 
Heidelberg  (hi'del- 
HQ-le/n<:j(St.) 
Hen-lo/pen 
Hen-rl^ko 
Herat  (hor-atO 
ller/cu-la'ne-um 
Her/e-fQrd  [furd) 
Hertford  (Eng.)  (har^- 
Hcsse  Cas'sel 
Hess^  Darmstadt  (hess 

daRm/stiit) 
Himmaleh  (him-ma/- 
la),  or  Him-a-la/ya 
Hin-do-stan^,  or  In- 

do-stan' 
His-pan-T-o-la 
Ho-ang^ho  {pro- 
nounced almost 
whaDg^ho) 


Ho^bar-tQii  or  Hob''- 

ar-t^n 
Ho/bo-kcn 
Hop  land 

Holstein  (hol/stin) 
Hol/y-head  [ras) 
Honduras  (hon-doo^- 
Honfleur  (hoN^jilUE' 

or  ON^l'lUR') 
H6n/I-t2n  [loo) 
Honolulu  (ho-no-loo''- 
Hoog/ly  [ton'ik) 
Ilousatonic  (hoo^sa- 
Hue  (hoo-a^) 
Hungary  (hung^ga-rT) 
Hu^rgn  [bad') 
Hyderabad  (hFder-a- 
Hythe  (hith)  • 


I. 

Tce-'land 

I'da-ho  [-noiO 
I]linois  (il-li-noiz^  or 
Il-lj^r/i-a 

In^dl-a  *  [na) 

In^di-an'a  (or  in-di-a^- 

In'di-an-ap'Q-lis 

Indies  (in^diz) 

Ingolstadt  (ing^ol- 
stat  or  ing'gol-stiit'' ) 

Innspruck  (inss^- 
prcTok),  or  Inns- 
bruck (inns/briik) 

In/ver-a'ry  [IftK'i) 

Inverlochy  (iu^ver- 

In-vgr-ness' 

lona  (e-o^ua) 

Ionia  (I-o^ni-a) 

I''o-wa 

Ir-kootsk' 

Iroquois  (Tr-o-kwoyO 
Isere  (e^'zeR') 
Is/ling-ton 

Ispahan  (is-pa-han^ 

or  Isfahan 
It/a-ly 

T-u"ka  [or  Ibiza 

Ivi(ja,"lviza  (e-vee^sa), 


J. 

Jalapa  (Ha-la''pa) 
.lalisco  (Hii-lees^ko  or 

uii-lis-'ko) 
Jamaica  (ja-ma^ka) 


Ja-pan^ 

Japura  (na-poo'ra) 
Java  (ja^va  or  ja''va) 
Jeddo  (yed^do)  [na) 
Jen'a  (  Ger.  pron.  y'si^- 
Jersey  (jer-'zl) 
Je-rij^sa-lem 
Jesso,  or  lesso  (yes^so) 
Jol'I-ba,  or  Djoiiba 
Jorullo"    (Ho-rool/yo ; 
often  pron.  Ho-roo^- 

yo) 

Ju^an  Fer-nan^dez 
Ju^an,  Saint  (Sp.  San 

Juan,   san  Hoo-an' 

or  san  Hwan) 
Jungfrau  (ydt)ng/- 
Ju^ni-at'a  [frow) 
Jut/land" 


K. 

KaFa-ma-zoo' 
Kalusz  (ka^loosh) 
Kamieniec  (kiim-'yen'- 
yetsO 

Kamt-chat^ka,  or 
Kamt-schat^ka 

Kanawha  (ka-na'w''wa) 

Kan''da-har' 

Kankakee  (kan-kaw^- 
kee) 

Kan'sns 

Kara  ("ka'ra) 

Kash-gar^,  or  Cashgar 

Ka-tah/din 

Ka/ trine,  or  Kafrine 

Keighly  (keeth/le 

Kelat  (kel-atO,  or  Ke- 

Ken-'ne-beck'  [lath 

Ken^ne-bunk' 

Ken-tuck^y 

Ke'o-kuk^ 

Kerguelea  (kerg^e- 
Icn)  Land 

Kerman  (ker-man^) 

Khartoom  or  Khar- 
toum (Kar-toomO 

Khiva,  or  Kheeva 
(Kee^va) 

Khorassan  (Ko^ras- 
san') 

Kiakhta  {ke-aK^ta) 

Kick/a-poo' 

Kief,  or  Kiew  (ke-ef'' 
or  Ki-evO 

Kiel  (keel) 


Kil-ken/ny 
Kil-lar-'ney 
Kil-mar/nQck 
Kincardine  (king-kar^- 
din)  [ta'c) 
Kingkitao  (king-ke- 
Kin-ross'' 
Kin-sale' 

Kircaldy  (kir-kawFdy 

or  kir-kaw^dj^ ) 
Kirkudbright  (kir- 

koo'bree) 
Kit/ta-tin'ny 
Kiz'if  Ir'mak  [fooRtO 
Klageufurth  (kla'gen- 
Klau/gen-burg   (  Ger. 

pron?  klow'zen- 

bo'cRQ/) 
Kbnigsberg  (ko^nigz- 

berg),  or  Koenigs- 

berg  (ken^igz-berg  ; 

Ger.  pron.  kb'ulGS- 

bgRG' ) 

Kooban,  or  Kuban 
(koo-ban'') 

Koordistau,  or  Kur- 
distan (koor-dis- 
tanO 

L. 

Laaland  (law'land),  or 

Lol'land 
Lab^ra-dor' 
Lac'ca-diveg'' 
Lack'a-wan'na 
Lad'o-g.a 

La-drone^'  {Sp.  pron. 

laD-ro/nt's) 
Lago  Maggiofe  (la'go 

miid-jo/ra) 
Laguna  del  Madre  (la- 

goo'na  del  miiD^ra) 
Lahore  (lii-horO 
Laibach  (lI/baK).  Syn. 

Lay  bach. 
La  Mancha  (lii  man'- 

chii)  [shir) 
Lancashire  (layk'av 
LanCas-tcr 
Lan-dalT^';  more  prop^ 

erly  LlandafF. 
Langres  (loNg'r) 
Languedoc  (loN^'geh- 

dok') 

La  Plata  (la  pla'ta). 

See  Plata. 
I  La  Puebla  de  los  An- 


a.  5,  &c.,  Ions !  a,  e,  &c. ,  short ;  care,  fiir,  &sk,  all,  whgit  {  Gro,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  ;  s6n,  6r, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


811 


gelea  (IS  pw6b/la  da 
158  aag/Hel-es) 
Laa/sa,     or  H'lassa 

(h'fiis/sa) 
Latakia  (lii'ta-kee'si), 
or    Ladikia  (la'de- 
kee'a) 
Lausanne  (IS^zan') 
Lay  bach,  or  Laibach 

(IFbiiK) 
Leam'ing-tQn 
Leg-horn'    (or  leg'- 

horn) 
Lehigh  (lee^i) 
Leicester  (lesser) 
Leinster  (lin/stiir  or 

leen/stgr) 
Leipsic  (lip'sik)  (Ger. 

Leipzig,  lip'tsiG) 
Leith  (leeth) 
Le'na    {Russ.  pron. 

la-na) 
Leom/in-ster  (U.  S.) 
Leominster  (Eng.) 

(lem'ster) 
Le'on  {Sp.  pron.  la- 

onO 
Le-vant' 
Lev'en,  Loch 
Lew'ish-ani 
Leyden,  or  Leiden  (11'- 

den  or  la/den) 
Li-be^ri-a 

Lichtenfels  (liK'tgn- 
felsO 

Liege  (leej  ;  Fr.  pron. 

le-SzhO 
Lille,  or  Lisle  (leel) 
Lima  (Peru)  (lee^ma) 
Lima(U.  S.)(n/ma) 
Lim/§r-ick 
Limoges  (le^mozh') 
Lincoln  (link'un) 
Lin-lith'gow 
Lis'bQu 
Lisle  (leel) 
Lith'u-a'ni-^ 
Liv'er-pool 
Li-vo''ni-a 

Llandaff  (lan-daf ),  or 
Landaff  [Ign) 
Llangollen  (lan-goth^- 
Llanos  (lya^nos) 
Loango  (lo-ang'go) 
Lof-fo/den,  or  LQ-fo'- 

den 
Loire  (IwaR) 
Lom'bar-dy 


Lomond,  Loch  (loK 

lo'uiund) 
London  (lun'dun  or 

lun'd'n) 
Londonderry  (lun^- 

dun-der'ri) 
Loo  Choo  {ch  as  in 

child) 
Lorraine  (lor^ran') 
Lothian  (loahl-an) 
Lou'don   (ou   as  In 

shout) 
Louis,  St.  (sent  loo'is 
or  loo/e  ;    Fr.  pron. 
sSn  loo/e')  [iidO 
Louisiade  (loo-ee-ze- 
Louisiana  (loo'e-ze- 
a'na) 

Louisville   (loo'is-vil ; 
formerly  pron.  \oo'' 

Lli/beck 

Luc'ca     {It.  pron 

look'ka) 
Lucerne  (loo-sSrn') 
LQck'now' 
Lu'ncn-burg 
Lutzen  (lobt'sgn) 
Lux'em-burg  (^'r- 
Luxembourg,  lliks/- 
QN^booR')  [zernO 
Luzerne  (U.  S.)  (lu 
Luzon   (loo-zonOi  or 
LuQon   ( Sp.  pron. 
loo'thon') 
Ly/gns    (Fr.  Lyon, 
le/On') 


M. 


Maastricht  (mSs'triKt 

or  mas'triat) 
Macao   (ma-ka'o  or 

ma-kow') 
Ma-cas'sar 
Machias  (ma-chFas) 
Mack'i-naw 
Macon  (France)  (ma^- 
koN')  [kun) 
I  Macon  (U.  S.)  (ma'- 
1  Mad'a-gas'car 
Madeira    (ma-dee'r.^  ; 

Port.  pron.  ma-da'- 
Mad-ras/  [e-ra) 
Mad-rid'  {Sp.  pron. 
ma-DreeD',  almost 
math-reeth') 


Mad'rid(U.  S.) 
Maelstrom  (mal'strum 

or  maPstrum) 
Maestricht,  or  Maas- 
tricht (mas'triKt) 
Mag'a-dox'o,  or  Maga- 

doxa 
Mag'da-le'na 
Mag'de-burg      ( Ger. 
pron.  maa'dgh- 
booRQ') 
Main,  or  Mayn  (mln) 
Maine  (France)  (man; 
Fr.    prun.  almost 
m&n) 
Maine  (U.  S.)(man) 
Ma-jor'ca 
Mal'a-bar' 
Ma-lac'ca 

Mal'a-ga  (or  ma'la-ga) 

MalMen 

Maldives  (mal'dlvz) 
Malmesbury  (mamz'- 

bgr-i) 
MaFmd  (or  maVmb) 
Malta  (mawl'ta  ;  It. 

pron.  mal'ta) 
Malvern  (maw'vern) 
Malwah  (mawl'wa) 
Man'ches-tcr 
Ma-uil'la  (Sp.  Manila, 

ma-nee'la) 
Mantchooria  (man- 

choo/re-a) 
Man'tu-a  (It.  Manto- 

va,  man'to-va) 
Maracaybo,  or  Mara- 
caibo"^(ma-ra-kFbo) 
Mar/ble-h6q,d' 
Marlborough  (mawF- 

brtth) 
Mar^mg-ra,  or  Mar'- 

ma-ra) 
Marquesas  (mar-ka'- 

Marseilles  (mar-salz') 
(Fr.  Marseille,  maa'- 
sal') 
Mar'ta-ban' 
Martinique  (mar'ti- 

neek') 
Ma'ry-land 
Mas'sa-chu'setts 
i  Mat'a-gor'da 
Mat/a-mo'rgs,  or  Mat- 

amoras 
Ma-tan'zas    (or  ma' 
tan'thdis) 


Mauch-Chuiik(mawlL- 

chunkO 
Mau-mee' 

Maurepas  (mo're-paO 
Maiiritius  (maw-rish'- 
!-us) 

Mayence.  See  Mentz. 
Mayenne  (ma'yeu'  or 

ml'en') 
Maz'at-lan'  (or  ma- 
.  sat-lanO 
1  Mechlin  (mek'lin) 
Meck/len-burg   (  Ger. 
pron.  mek'lgn- 
bobRGO 
Medina  (Arabia)  (me- 

dee'na ) 
Medina  "^(U.  S.)  (me- 

^'^^) 
Melbourne  (mela)iirn) 

Mel-roje' 

Mem'gl  (or  m^'mel) 
Mem'phre-ma'gog 
Menai  (meu'i  or  menf- 

a)  (Strait) 
Mendocino  (men-ao- 

see^no) 
Mer^i-da  (or  mer'e-da) 
Mera-on'eth 
Mer^rT-mack 
Mersey  (mCr^zT) 
Messina  (mes-seft'na) 
Mesurado  (ma-soo-ra'- 
do)        [pron.  mas) 
Metz     (mets ;  Fr. 
Meuse     (muz ;  Fr. 

pron.  muz) 
Mex/i-co 
Miaco  (me-a^o) 
Miami  (mi-a/mi) 
Michigan  (mish'i-g'n, 

or  mish'i-gan) 
Milan  (mil^an  or  ml- 

Mil-wau/kee,  or  Mil- 

wau'kie 
Mindanao  (mln-da- 
na'o) 

Min'ne-so'ta  lea) 
Mi-nor^ca,  or  Men-or'- 
Miramachi  (mir'a-ma- 

shee') 
Mis-sis'que  ^ 
Mis/sis-sip'pi 
Missolonghi  (mis/so- 

long'ge) 
Missouri  (mis-soo'n) 
Mobile  (mo-beelO 


jjum' uEii. -vAj    '  .   —   OAKA 


812 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Mocha  (mo/ka)  [na) 
Mod-'e-na  {of 
Mo/hawk 
Moldau  (moPdow) 
Mol-da/yi-a 
Mo-luc'cag* 
Mon-go^H-a 
Mo-non/ga-he'la 
Mon-ro'vi-a 
Mon-ta'n^'*  [boN') 
Montauban  (moN^to/- 
Mont    Blanc  (moN 
bloN)    or  Mount 
BlSnc. 
Mont  Cenis  (mSN  seh- 

ne''  or  seh-ness^)'^ 
Montenegro  (mon-tS- 

niX^gro) 
Monterey  (mon-tS-ra') 
Mon'te-vid'e-o       ( or 

mon-ta-vee''da-o) 
Montgomery  (mgnt- 

gum/er-e) 
Mont-pe'l!-er 
Mont-pel^lT^r  [Fr. 

pron.  moN'pel''le-a') 
Montreal  (mont^re- 
awl') 

Moorzook,  Mourzouk, 
or  Murzuk  (moor- 
zook') 

Mo-ra'vi-a 

Moray  ;  "pron. ,  and 
often  written^  MQr/- 

Mo-re^a  [ray. 

Morena,  Sierra,  (se-eR^- 
Ra  mo-ra'na) 

Mo-roc/co 

Mos'cow 

Moselle  (mo-zelO 

Mo'sul,  or  Moo'sul 

Moy^a-men'sing 

Mozambique  (mo-zam- 
beekO 

Munich  (mu'nik)(  Ger- 
man Mdnchen, 
mUn'Hgn) 

Munster  \  Ireland) 

Mur,  or  Muhr  (mooR) 

Mursuk.  See  Moor- 
zook. 

Mus-caf  [teen') 
Muscatine  (mus^ka- 
Mus-co''gee 
Mus^cQ-Ty 

Muskingum  (mus- 

king/gum) 
Mysore  (ml-sor'')' 


3sr. 

Nacogdoches  ( nak^o  - 
do'chiz) 

Namur  (na/mur;  Fr, 
pron,  na^miiR') 

Nan^cy  ( Fr.  pron. 
noN-'se') 

Nangasaki  (nang-ga- 
sa%e) 

Nan-kin',  or  Nan- 
king' 

Nantes   (nanta ;  Fr. 

pron.  noNt) 
Nan-tuck'et 
Naples  (na'plz) 
Narbonne  (naR'bon') 
Nash'u-a 

Nas'sau"  ( Ger,  pron. 
nas'sou) 

Natal  (na-talO 

Natch'i-toch'es  (some- 
times pronounced 
nak/g-tush') 

Nav'a-hoe  (Indians); 
ivritten  also  Nabajo. 

Navarre  (na-var') 

Ne-bras^ka  " 

Neck'ar,  or  Neck'er 

Neel'gher'ry,  or  Neil- 
gherry  (neel'ger'- 
ree)  [rT-po 

Neg-ro-pont',  or  Eg'- 

Ne-o'sho 

Neots,  St.  (sent  neets') 

Ne-paul',  or  Nepal 

Nor-bud'dah 

Neufchatef,  or  Neu- 
chatel  (nush^a'tel') 

Neuilly  -  sur  -  Seine 
(nuh-'ye'suR'sS-n') 

Neuse  (nus) 

Ne'va  {Russ.  pron. 
na~va) 

Nevada  (na-va'Da) 

Nevers  (neh-veR') 

Newfoundland  (nu'- 
fund-land') 

New  Or'le-ans  ;  often, 
but  less  correctly, 
called  New  Or- 
leans'. 

Ngami  ('n-ga'mee) 

Niagara  (nl-ag'a-ra) 

Nicarauga  (nik'a-ra'- 
gwa) 

Nice  (nees) 

Niemen  (nee'mgn) 


Niger     (nl'jgr),  or 

Quor'ra 
Nile  [(neem) 
Nimes,     or  Nismes 
Ni-phon',  or  Ni-pon' 
Nip'is-sing' 
Nizh'nee    (or  Nijni) 

Nov'go'rod 
Norfolk  (nor'fQk) 
Nor'man-dy 
Nor'ridge-wock 
Norrkbping  (noR'chb- 

ping) 

Nor' way  [rij) 
Norwich  (Eng.)  (nor- 
Norwich  (U.  S)  (nor'- 

rich  or  nor'wich) 
Nova    Scotia  (no'va 

sko'sh!-a) 
No'va  Zeni'bl^ 
Nu'bl-a 

Nueces"  ( nwa'sSs ) 
Nu 'rem -berg  (Ger. 

Nurnberg,  njjRn'- 

beRG) 
Nyanza  (ne-an'za) 
Nykbping,  or  Nykjbp- 

ing  (nli'chb'ping, 

almost  nee'chtip- 

mg) 

O. 

Oahu  (wah'hoo) 
Oaxaca,  or  Oajaca(wa- 

Hd'kii) 
O'bor-lin  [Ob 
Obi,  or  Oby  (o'be),  or 
Oceana  (o'she-a'na  ) 
Oceania  (o'she-a'm-a) 
Oceanica  (o'she-anl- 

ka) 

Oc-mul'gee  ;  formerly 
ivritten  Oakmulgee. 
0-co'nee 

Odense  (6'dcn-seh) 
O-des'sa 
Oeland"(o'land) 
Ogeechee  (o-gee'chee) 
0-hI'o 

Okhotsk  (o-Kotsk') 
Ol'den-burg       ( Ger. 

pron.  ol'don-bd'oRa') 
Olmiitz  (ol'miits) 
Omaha  (5'ma-haw') 
Oman  (o-man') 
0-ne'ga  {Russ.  pron. 

o-na'ga) 


Oneida  (o-nl'da) 
Onondaga  "(on'un- 

daw'ga) 
Ontario  (on-ta'ri-o) 
Op'e-loi]'sas 
0-por'to 
Or'e-gQn 
O'ri-no'ko 
Orizaba  (o-re-sa'ba) 
Orkneys  (ork'nez) 
Or'le-an§  {Fr.  pron- 

OR'la'oN') 

O'sage' 

Os'na-briick' ;  often 
calledhy  the  English, 
Og'na-burg. 

Ost-end' 

Os-we'go 

Ot'ta-wa.(  or  ot'tg-wa) 
Oude  (owd) 
Ouse  (ooz) 
0-zark' 


P. 

Pa-dang' 

Pad'u-a  (It.  Padova, 

pa'do-va) 
Paisley  (paz'h) 
Pal'em-bang' 
Palenque  (pa-leok'5) 
Pa-ler'mo 
Pal'es-tlne 

Palmas,  or  Las  Palmas 

(las  pal'mas) 
Palo  Alto  (pa'lo  al'to) 
Pam'li-co 

Pa-mun'key,  or  Pa- 

mu^'ky 
Panama  (pan'a-ma') 
Papua   ( pap'oo-a  or 

pa'poo-a) 
Para  (pa-ra') 
Paraguay  (pa-rH-gwa' 

or  pa-ra-gwi' ) 
Par'a-mar'i-bo 
Parana  (pa-ra-na') 
Paran.^-lba,  or  Para- 

nahiba  (pii-ra-na- 

ee'ba) 
Parina  ( pa-re-na') 
Paris    ( pilr'is ;  Fr. 

pron.  pa'Re') 
Poscagoula  (pas'gji- 

goo'la) 
Paso  del  Norte  (pa'so 

del  noR'ta) 


&c.,/ong';  &,5,&c.,sAorf;  cSlre,  iar,  ask,  {jU,  wh^it ;  fere,  vgil, tSrm;  pique,  firm;  s6n,6r, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES, 


813 


Pas-aa/ic 

Pas^sa-ma-quod'dy 

Pat/a-go'ui-a 

Pavia  ( pii-vee^a) 

Paw- tuck/ et 

Pays  de  Vaud  {pa'a 

deh  vo) 
Paz,  La  (la  paz ;  Sp. 

pron.  la  path) 
Pe-chee-lee  (pS-chee- 

lee') 
PeMee' 

Pe'kia',  or  Peeking' 
Pe-lew/ 

Pembina  (pem/be-na) 
Pembroke  (pem^- 

brook) 
Penn^syi-vii'ni-a 
Pe-nob^scQt 
Peu^sa-co'la 
Penzance  (p6n-zans8'') 
Pe-Q/rl-a 

Pernambuco  (p6R- 

nam-boCko) 
Persia  (per^sht-a,  not 

per^zhl-a ) 
Peru  (pe-roo') 
Peschiera  ( pes-ke-a'ra) 
Pesth  (pest) 
Pet-cho'ra,   or  Pet- 

schora  " 
Pe/teri-burg,  Saint 
Phil/a-dePphi-j 
Phil'i'p-pme 
Pictou  (pik-too^) 
Piedmont  (peed^mont) 
Pilcomayo  (pil-ko- 

mVo) 
Pisa  (pee^sa) 
Pis-cat'a-qua 
Pis-cat'a-quis 
Plaquemine  (plak^- 

men') 
Plata,  La  (la  pla'ta) 
Plata,  Rio  de  la  (re^o 

dS  la  pla^ta) 
Plombieres  (ploN^be- 

eu') 

Plymouth  (plim^'uth) 
Poitiers,  or  Poictiers 

(poi-teerz^  ;  Fr. 

pron.  pwa^te-a') 
Poitou,    or  Poictou 

(poi/too ;  Fr.  pron, 

pwa/too') 
Po^land  [shi-a) 
Polynesia  (poVi-nee''- 
Pom^e-ra'ni-a 


Pompeii  (pom-pii^yee) 
Pondicherry  (pon^de- 

sher'ree) 
Pout'char-train' 
PopayaiT  (po-pi-an'  or 

po-pii-yan'') 
Po-po-cat^^-petP 
Port-au-Prince  (port- 

o-prinss  ;   Fr.  pron. 

poRt-o-priiNss) 
Por'to  Prinze i-pe 
Porto    Rico  (por-to 

ree^ko) 
Portsmouth  (ports''- 

muth) 
Port^u-gal 
Posen  (po^zgn) 
Po-to^mac 

Potosi  ("po-to-see^  or 

po-to-'see) 
Poughkeepsie  (po- 

kip^si) 
Prague  (prag) 
Prairie  du  Chien  (pra^- 

ri  dij  sheen) 
Pres^burg,  or  Press'- 

burg  (  Ger.  pron. 

press/bcToRG) 
Presque    Isle  (presk 

eel) 

Prip/ets,  (Polish  Pry- 
pec,  prip'ets) 

Provence  (pro^vSNSS') 

Prussia  (prttsh'i-a  or 
proo'shi-a) 

Prijth  ( Ger.  pron. 
proot) 

Puebla(pweb''la) 

Punjab  (pun-jab''),  or 
Pun-jauV 

Pyrenees  (pir^e-nez) 


Q. 

Que-bec' 
Quito  (kee^to) 
Quor^ra.    Syn.  Niger. 


B. 

Raab  (rUb) 
Racine  (ras-seen'') 
Rah  way  (raw^wa) 
Raleigh  (raw/li) 
Rangoon  (rang-goon>') 


Rap^d-an',  or  Rap'id 
Ann 

Rap^pa-han'nQck 
Raritan,    or  Rariton 

(rar^it-un) 
Rat'is-bon  (Ger,_  Re- 

gensburg,  Ra'ggns- 

booRGO 
Reading  (red^'ing) 
Re-ho'b^th 
Rei/ki-a-vik 
Reims,'  or  Rheims 

(reemz;    Fr.  pron. 

raNz) 
Rhine  (rln) 
Rhodes  (rodz) 
Rhone  (ron) 
Rideau  (rc'/do') 
Ri/gji  {or  ree/ga) 
Rio  del  Norte  (rl^o  del 

nort;     Sp.  pron. 

ree/Q  del   noR^ta)  ; 

called  also  the  RI'o 

Gnlnde  ;  (  Sp.  pron. 

ree'o  gran-'da)  V7id 

Rio    Bravo  (ree^o 

bra^  vo ) 
Rio  Janeiro  (rVo  ja- 

nec'ro  or  ree^o  ja- 

na^ro) 
Ro'a-noke' 

Rochelle,  or  La  Ro- 
chelle  (la  Ro'shel') 

Romania  (ro-ma/ne-a 
or  ro-ma-nee'a) 

Rome(rom)  [lia 

Roo-me'li-a,  or  Rume- 

Roth/er-hjthe  {vul- 
garly, red''rif) 

Rot'ter-dam' 

Rouen  (roo^en  ;  Fr. 
pron.  rwoN) 

Riigen  (rii/gen) 

Russia  (rttsh^i-a  or 
roo'shl-a) 


S. 

Saale  (sa-'leh) 
Sabine  (sa-been'') 
Saco  (sa^v/ko) 
Sag-hal^i-en,  or  Sak- 

halien 
Sag'i-naw 

Saguenay  (sag^eh-na') 
Sahara    (sa-ha^ra  or 
sah^ha-ra) 


SaVgon    (sT'gon')  or 

Saigong  (sl/gong') 
St.  Bernard  (sent  bCr^- 
nnrd) 

Saint  Germain.  See 
Germain,  Saint, 
and  so  for  all  the 
other  na7nes  having 
the  prefix  Saint. 

Salado  (sa-la'Do) 

Sal-a-manc'a  {or  sa- 
la-mang'kli) 

Saline  (sa-leen'') 

Salisbury  (saw]//b(T-T) 

Salvador  (siil-va-ddR/) 

Saltz-'burg  (siiwlts'- 
burg),  or  Salzburg 
(  Ger.  pron.  salts'- 
b(>bRG) 

Sam^ar-cand' 

Samoa  (sa-mo^a) 

San  An-to^ni-o 

San  Diego  (siin  de- 
a/go) 

Sand^wich  {or  sand'- 
wy) 

San    Fran-cis/co  (or 

san  fran-sees'ko) 
San  Joaquin  (san  ho- 

a-keen^ ) 
San  Jose  (san  no-sa^ 
San  Ju^an  {Sp.  pron. 

san  Hoo-an/  orhwan) 
San  Salvador  (san  sal- 

va-doR') 
Santa    Cruz  (san^'ta 

kroos ;     Sp.  pron. 

san/ta-krooth),  or 

St.  Croix  (sent  kroi) 
Santa  Ye  de  Bogota  (dS 

bo-go-ta/) 
Santa  Maria  (san''ta 

ma-ree^a) 
San^tee' 

Santiago  (san-te-a^go) 
Saone  (son) 
Siir/a-gos'sa  (Sp.  Zara- 
goza,  tha-ra-go/tha) 
SgLr'a-to'ga 

Sar-din/i-a  [to) 
Sarmiento  (saR-me-en- 
Sas-katch'a-wan' 
Sault  de  Sainte  Marie 
(Fr.  pron.  so  deh 
s5n  ma're'),  but  now 
usually  called  Sault 
(soo)  St.  Ma'ry. 
Sava  (sa'va) 


Pom^e-ra'ni-a  Rangoon  (rang-goon>')      sah^ha-ra)  Sava  (sa'va) 

dQ,  wglf,  t<R),  tdbk ;  iim,  rye, pyll ;  9,  ^,  soft ;     g,  hard ;  aa  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  liiis  (see  p.  305). 


814  MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Sa-van^nah 
Sav^oy  {or  sa-voiO 
Saxe  Altenburg  (saks 

arten-burg) 
Saxe  Co/burg 
Saxe    Weimar  (saks 

wFmar) 
Sax/Q-ny  _ 
Scari'di-naM-a 
Scarborougk  (skar'- 

b'rub.  or  skar/bur- 
Scbeldt  (skelt)  [rah) 
Schemnitz  ( shem^nits ) 
Schenectady  (ske- 

nek^ta-d^^) 
Schiedam  (sKee/dam') 
Schiraz  (she'raz') 
Schleswig.    See  Sles- 

wick.  [ree) 
Schoharie  (sko-hiir/- 
Schoodic  (skoo'dik) 
Schuyler  (skiaer) 
Schuylkill  (skooFkil) 
Schwerin  (shwa-reeaO 
Scilly  (sil'H) 
Scinde  (slnd) 
Scio  (sVo  or  shee-'o) 
Scioto  (sl-o^to)  _ 
Scituate  (sit/u-at) 
Scla-vo'm-a 
ScoVland 

Scutari  (skoo^ta-ree) 
Secunderabad  (se- 

ktin/d.er-a-bad') 
Seine  (san) 
Sen'e-ca 

Senegal  (sen^e-gawl') 
Sen^e-gam'bi-a 
Serin  gapatam  (ser- 

ing/ga-pa-tam') 
SCr^vI-a 

Setubal  (sS-too/bal), 
or  Setuval  {s^-too'- 
val),  or  St.  Ubes 
(ubz) 

Sev'as-to'pQl  (or  se- 
vas^to-pol) ;  less  cor- 
rectly, Sebastopol. 

Sev'Qrn 

Seville  (Rev^il  or  se-vilO 
Sevre  (sev'r  or  sav'r) 
Seychelles  (sS/shel') 
Shamo  (sha^mo') 
Shang-Uai,  or  Chang- 

Ilai  (shang/hi') 
Sheeraz,     or  Shiraz 

(she'raz'  or  shee^raz) 
Sheer-ness/ 


Shen/an-do'ah 
Shrewsbury 

(shriiz/ber-i) 
Shrewsbury  (England) 
(shruz/ber-i  or 
shroz/ber-i) 
Shrop/shire 
Slam  (sl-am/  or  se^am') 
Sl-be^rl-a 
819/1-15^ 

Si-en^na  (It.  Siena,  se- 

a/nii) 

Sl-er/ra  Le-o^ne  {Sp. 
pron.  se-eR-'Ra  la-o^- 
na) 

Sierra  Madre  (se-eR^Rii 

maD^ra) 
Sierra  Morena  (se-eR^ 

Rii  mo-ra-'na) 
Sierra  Nevada  (se-eR^- 

Ra  na-va/Dii) 
Silesia  (si-lee/shi-a) 
Sira/plon  {Fr.  pron 

saN'plo5f') 
Sinde,  or  Scinde  (sind) 
Singapore  (sing^ga^ 
por'),  or  Singapoor 
Sin-o'pe 

Sioux  {usually  pron. 
soo ;  Fr.  pron.  se- 
00') 
Skye  (ski) 

Sla-vo/m-a,  or  Scla- 

vo^ni-a 
Sles/wick  (Ger.  Schles- 

wig,  shles'wiG) 
Sluys  (slois) 
Smo-lensk'',   or  Smo- 

len'sko 
Smyrna  (smTr^na) 
So-coarii,  or  Soc/o  tra 
Solferino  (sol-fa-ree'- 
no) 

Somauli  (so-maw/lee) 
Som/cr-set 
So-no'rii 

Soodan,   Soudan,  or 

Sudan  (soo-'diin') 
Sorata  (so-ra^ta) 
Southampton  (suth- 

hamp'tun) 
Spa  (spaw;   Fr.  and 

Flem.  pron.  spii) 
Spitz-berg^en 
Staten  Island  (staVtn 
I/land)  ftun) 
Staunton  (Va.)  (stan^- 
Staunton  (Eng.) 


( Stan' tun  or  atSLn^- 
tun) 

Stettin  (stet-teen') 
Steuben  (stu^ben  or 

stu-benO 
Stock/holm 
Ston'ing-ton 
Stralsund  (stral'- 

soond) 
Strasbourg  (straz^- 

burg) 
Strasburg  (Germany) 

stras/bdbRG) 
Stutt^gart,    or  Stut- 
gard    ( Ger.  pron. 
stobt^gaRt) 
Styria  (stir''i-a) 
Suabia,    or  Swabia 

(swa/bi-a) 
Suez    (soo'ez ;  Arab, 
pron.  soo-ez^  or  soo- 

Suffolk  (suf  fQk) 
Suir  (shijr) 
Sumatra  (soo-ma^tra) 
SunMii 

Surat  (soo-ratO 
Surinam  (soo-rl-namO 
Sus^'que-han'na 
Sutledge  (sut/Rvj) 
Swc'den 

Switz/gr-land  (swits^-) 
Syr^a-cuso 
SJ-r/f-a 

Szegedin  (seg^ed/en' 
or  seg^ed/in'j 


Ta-co'ny 

Taf  T-let',  or  Tafl-lelt' 

TiVgus 

Tahiti  (ta-hee^te) 
Tah^le-quah 
TaPla-poo'sa 
Tampico  (tam-pee/ko) 
Tananarivoo  (ta-na- 

na-re-voo^) 
Tangier  (tan-jeeW) 
Taos    (ta^os,  almost 

towss) 
Tas-ma/m-a 
Taunton  (Eng.) 

(tawn^ton) 
Taunton  (xMass. )  (tiin^- 

tQn) 
Tchad  (chad) 


Tehran,   or  Teheran 

(tgh-h'ranO 
Tehuantepec  (ta-wan 

ta-pekO 
Teignmouth_  (tin^- 

muth  or  tan^muth) 
Temesvir  (tem-esh- 

vHrO 

Teneriffe  (ten^er-ir) 
(Sp.  Tenerife,  ta-nil- 
ree'ia) 

Ten'nes-see' 

Ter'ra  del  Fu-e'go,  or 
TierradelFuego(te- 
eR^Ra  del  fwa'go) 

Terre-Bonne  (teR''- 
bon';  often  jnon. 
tar-bon) 

Terre-Haute  (ter^reh- 
hot ;  Fr.  pron.  teR^- 
hot'  or  ter-reh-hot) 

Teviot  (tiv/e-ot) 

Thames  (temz) 

Thebes  (theebz) 

Theiss  (tis) 

Thes^sa-ly,  or  Thes- 

sa''li-a 
Thibet, "or  Tibet  (tib'- 

et  or  ti-beV) 
Ti/ber 

Tl-con/dcr-o'ga 
Tiflis  (tif-leesO 
Ti/gris 

Tim-buc^too  [r?) 
Tipperary  (tip-per-a/- 
Titicaca  (tit-e-ka^ka) 
Tivoli  (tiv^o-le  or  tee'- 

vo-lee) 
Tobago  (to-ba^go) 
To-bolsk' 
To-kfiy' 

To-leMo    {Sp.  pron. 

to-la^Do) 
Tom-big'bee 
Tonkin,  or  Tonquin 

(ton-keen/) 
Toorkistan,  or  Turkia- 

tan  (tooR^kis-tiinO 
To-pe'ka 

Tbplitz,  Toeplitz(tbp/- 
lits),     or  Teplit2 
(tep/lits) 
Tor-bay' 
To-ron^to 


Tortuga  (tor-too^ga) 
Toulon  (too^oN') 
Toulouse,   or  Thou- 
louse  (too/loozO 


a  8,  &o..  long;  &,  8,  &c,  ^Aor/ ;  ciro,  Kr.  bsk,  ftll.  wUjt ;  Ore.  vsU,  «rm  1  pYque,  fin. ;  sOn,  or. 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


315 


Touraiue  (toc/rilnO 
Tournay  (tooR'na') 
Tours  (tooR) 
Towcester  (tows^ter) 
Trafal-gar',  or  Tra- 

fai/gar 
Tran^'^yl-va'm-a 
Treb'i-zond./ 
Trichinopoli,  or  Trich- 

inopoly  (tritch^ia- 

op'o-le) 
Triest,  or  Trieste  (tre- 

est'  or  tre-es/ta) 
Trincoraalee  (trink^o- 

ma-lec') 
Trin'I-dad' 
Trip'o-l! 

Trois  Rivieres  (trwa 

re' ve-eR' ) 
Trujillo  (troo-Heel/yo) 
Tubingen  (tii/bing-gn) 
Tur^co-ma'ni-a 
Tu^nis 

Tu'rin  (or  tu-rinO 
Turnkey 
Tus-'ca-loo'sa 
Tus^ca-ny 

Tus^ca-ro'ra  [rolO 
'l^v'o\{Ger^pron.  te- 


Utah     (yoo/ta,  less 

jjToperly  yoo'taw) 
Utrecht  (u'trekt) 
Uttoxeter  (uks/e-tgr 


V. 

Valencia  (va-len/shl-a ; 

Sp.  pron.  -vii-leu'- 

the-a) 
Val/la-do-lid'       ( Sp. 

pron.  val-yii-DO- 

leeDO  [so) 
Valparaiso  (val-pa-ri^- 
Vancouver  (van-koo^- 

ver) 

Van    Diemen's  (van 

dee-'mcnz) 
Vaud  (v5),  or_  Pays- 

de-Vaud  (pa^e-doh- 


Ubes,  Saint.    Ste  Se- 

tubal. 
Ucayale  (oo-kl-a/la); 

or  Ucayali  (oo-kT-a'- 

lee) 

Ukraine  (yoo/kran  or 
oo-krunO  [oolm) 

Ulm      ( Ger.  pron. 

Ulster  (Ireland)  (Ql^- 
Bter) 

Um-ba/gog 

Upernavik  (oo-peR^- 

na-vik) 
Up^sal,  or  Upsala  (up- 

sa'la)  [ralO 
U^ral,  or  Oural  (oo- 
Uri"    (yoo^ri)     ( Ger. 

pron.  oo^re) 
Uruguay  (u'roo-gwa^ 

or  oo-roo-gwl^ ) 
Ushant  (ush/ant) 
U'ti-ca 


Vendee  La  (la  von'- 
dJl' 

Vendome  (voN^om') 
Venezuela  (ven'e- 

zwee'la ) 
Venetia  ( ve-ne^shi-a) 
Venice  (ven^iss) 
Vera      Cruz  (va^rii 

kroos) 
Vergennes  (ver-jenz'') 
Ver-mont^ 
Verona  (va-ro'na) 
Versailles    (vor-salz/  ; 
Fr.  pron.  veR/s^F  or 
veR-siiy'O 
Ve-Hij'vi-us 
Vienna  (ve-en^na) 
Villa  ( in  Sp.  veel^yii  ; 
in  Fort.  veel''la  or 
viiaa) 
Villa  Rica  (Sp.  Amer- 
ica) (veeVya  ree^kii) 
Villa     Rica  (Brazil) 
(viFla,  or  veeVla, 
ree-'ka) 
Vincennes  (vin^senz' ; 

Fr.  pron.  vaN''sen') 
Virginia  (vcr-jin/i-a) 
Vistula  (vist/yu-la) 
Vitebsk  (ve-tebskO,  or 

Vitepsk 
VoVga,  or  Wolga 
Vosges  (v5zh) 


Wabash  (waw'bash) 
Waday  (wii/di) 
Wagram  (wa/gram  or 

wa'gram) 
Waldoborough(wawF- 

do-bur'rtih) 
Wulei  _  [a) 

Vfallachia  (wol-Wki 
\Valtham(Eng.)(wGl/- 

tam) 

Waltham  (Mass.) 

(wol'thiim) 
Warasdin  (wa'ras- 

deenO 
■VVar'saw 

Warwick  (Eng.)  (wor^- 
rik) 

Warwick  (U.  S.)(wor/- 

wik  or  wor^rik) 
Washita  (wosh'i-taW) 
Wa^ter-ee' 
WjVtgr-loo' 
Weimar  (\vFmar) 
Wener    (wu'nor),  or 

Wenner  (wen'nor) 
We/ger    {Ger.  pron. 

\vn7zcr) 
West  Indies  (in'dcz) 
^V'est-pha/^-a 
Wey  m  o  u  th  ( wa^muth ) 
Wil^na,  or  Vilna 
Windsor  (win/zgr) 
^Vin/ne-b'i'go 
Win/ui-peg 

Winnipiseogee  (win^- 

ne/pis-sok'ki) 
Wis-cjis^set 
Wis-con'sin 
Wit/ten-berg      ( Ger. 

pron.  ^vit'ten-beRG'') 
AV'oburn  (woo'burn) 
AVolverhampton 
(wobl/ver-hamp'- 
tun) 

Woolwich  (wooFitch 

or  wobFij) 
Worcester  ( wdbs^ter) 
Worms  (wflrmz ;  Ger. 

pron.  woRms) 
Wurtemberg  (wtlr^- 
tem-berg ;  Ger. 
pron.  wuR'tem- 
beRG') 


Wy^an-dot' 

Wy-o'ming 

Wythe  (with,  th  being 
sounded  as  in  tkin) 


X. 

Xenia  (zee^ni-a) 
Xenil  (ua-neelO 
Xingu,     or  Chingu 
(shen-gooO 


Yakootsk  (ya-kootskO; 
written     also  Ya- 
koutsk. 
Yang'tse-kiang 

( y  ang/-tse-ke-ang' ) 
Ya-zoo^ 

Yeddo,  or  Jeddo  (yed^- 

do) 

Yekatarinoslav  (ya- 

ka-ta-ree-no-slavO 
Yem^en 

Yenisei  (yen^e-sa'c  or 

yen-e-sa^ ) 
Yesso,  or  Jesso  (yes^- 

RO) 

Yo-sem/i-te. 
Ypres  (eep'r) 
Yij/ca-tan'  (or  yoo'- 

ka-'tan') 
Yvetot  (Gv^to') 


z. 

Zacatecas  (zak-a-ta>'- 
kas  or  sii-ka-ta'kas) 

ZaVfe,  or  Zahir  (za- 
eerO  [ze) 

Zam-beze'  (or  zam-ba^- 

Zanguebar  (zang^gu' 
bar') 

Zan^'te 

Zan^zi-bar' 

Zollverein(  tsol'for-In/ ) 
Zirich  (zu'rik :  Ger. 

pro7i.  tsU/riK) 
Zuyder,  or  Zuider,  Zee 

I     (zFder  zee  or  zoo' 

I  der-zee) 


\J  -  Ul-vx*  —   


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL 


NAMES. 


A. 

Abd-el-Kader  (abd- 
^  el-kaMer) 
^b''g-lard 

Abercromby  (Sb'er- 

krum/bi)  [th! 
Abernethy  (iWer-ne- 
Abinger  (jib/in-jer) 
Abu-Bekr,  or  Abou- 

Bekr  (a'boo-bekrO 
Adair  (a-dar') 
Adanson  (a''dQN''soN') 
Adelung  (a^doh-lobng) 
Agassiz    (ag/a-see  or 

a-gas^siz  ;  Fr.  pron. 

a/gas''se') 
Abmed  (aH-'mgd),  or 

Acbmet  (iiK/mct) 
Ainsworth(  anz' wgrtb ) 
Akenside  (a^ken-sid) 
Aladdin  (a-lad''din) 
Alaric  (aPa-rik)  (Lat. 

A-lar^i-cus) 
Alboni  (al-bo'iiee) 
Albuquerque  (SFbu- 

kerk ;    Port.  pron. 

jif-boo-keRk'  or  al- 

boo-keR'ka) 
Alcuin  (ttl^'kwin) 
Aldrich  (awl/dritch  or 

awl-drlj) 
Alembert  (a^loN/beR'), 

or  d'Alembert  (da^- 

loN^beR') 
Alfieri  (al-fe-a^ree) 
Alford  (awl/ford) 
Ali  (ii-'lee) 

Alighieri  (a-le-ge-a/- 
roc) 

Alison  (^ll^i-son) 
Allston  (awPstQn) 
•Almack  (iil/mak) 
Almeida  (al-ma^c-da 

or  al-mn^dn  ) 
Alsop  (awPsop) 
Alston  (awl^stgn) 
Alton  (Eng.)  (awPton) 
Alvarez  (Sp.)  ( aPv li- 
re th) 

Am/a-de'us.  Sijn. 
Amadeo. 


Amerigo  (a-ma-ree^go 
or  a-mer^e-go).  /See 
Yespucci. 

Amiot,  or  Amyot  (a'^- 
me-o') 

Ampere  (oN^peR') 

Am/u-rath 

Andre  (Eng.)  (5n/dra 

or  an^drl) 
Angelo  (an/ja-lo) 
Angouleme  (oN^'goo^- 

lem'  or6N''goo''lam') 
An'strij-ther  {popular- 
ly an^ster) 
Xr^a-go    iFr.  pron. 

a^ra^go') 
Aram  (a^ram) 
Ar^buth-not 
Ariosto  (itr/i-os'to  or 

a-re-os'to) 
Armini  u  s  (ar-min-l-us ) 
Arnaud  {iXR'nd') 
Arnauld  (aR^no') 
Arteveld  (aR-ta-velt-'), 

or  Artevelde"{aR-ta- 

veVdeh) 
Xr^un-del 
Ascham  (as^am) 
Asbburnham  (Ssh/- 

b  urn -am) 
Xsli^bur-ton,  or  Ash'- 

bur^tQn 
Atahualpa  (a-ta- 

hwaPpa) 
Xth/cl-stan 
Aubigne  (o^ben^ya') 
Aubrey   (Eng.)  (aw^- 

bri) 

Au^du-bon  {Fr.  pron. 

Augustine  (Saint) 
(sent  aw^gus-tln) 

Aurungzebe  (o'rQng- 
zab^  or  aw'rung- 
zeeb^ 

Averroes  (a-ver^ro-Cs 

or  av-er-ro'cs) 
Avicenna    ( iiv'c-sen'- 

na) 

Aycshab  (a^o-sba) 
Ay  ton,   Aytoun"  (a^- 
tun) 


B. 

Baba,  Ali  (a^lee  ba^ba) 
Bach  (biiK) 
Bacbe  (batch) 
Baillic  (bailee) 
Bailly  (Fr.)  (ba^lo  or 

ba/ye') 
Bajazet  (bJlj/a-zet) 
Balboa  (bai-bo-'a) 
Balfour   (baPfur;  in 

Scot.  bal-foorO 
Ballou  (bal-looO 
Balzac  (baPziik') 
Barbarossa  (bar^ba- 

ros'sa) 
Barbauld  (Eng.)  (bar^- 

bav.id  or  bar-bo^) 
Barbour  (bar^bur) 
Barere  (ba'reR') 
Barctti  (ba-ret/tee) 
Barham  (bjlr^am) 
Baring  (Eng.)  (barr- 
ing) 
Barras  (ba'ra') 
Barrere  (barren'). 

See  Barere. 
Barth  (baRt) 
Barthelemy  (baR/tal'- 

me'  or  baR/ta^leh- 

me') 
Bilth/first 
Bauer  (bow-'er) 
Baumgarten  (bowm''- 

giiR-ton) 
Bayard  (bayard  or  hV- 

ard ;  Fr.  pron.  hd^- 

yaR') 

Beatrice  (bO^a-treess ; 
It.  pron.  ba-ii-tree^- 
cba) 

Beattie  (bee-'ti ;  Scotch 

pron.  ba^tt) 
Beauchamp      (Eng. ) 

(bee/cham) 
Beauchamp  (Fr.)(bo'- 

shoN') 
Beauclerc  (bo^klerk) 
Beaufort  (Eng.)  (bo''- 

fort) 

Beaufort  (Fr.)  •  (bo^- 

foR') 


Beauhamais  (bo^aR' 
na') 

Beaumarchais  (bo''- 

miiR^shu') 
Beaumont  (Eng. )  (bo''- 

mont) 
Beauregard  (Am.) 

(bo'reh-gard/) 
BedMoeg 
Bede (beed) 
Bedell    (Amer.)  (be- 

dglO 

Bedell  (Eng.)  (bee^'del 

or  be-del^) 
Beethoven  (ba'to-ven) 
Behn  (ben) 
Behring      (beeWing ; 

Danish  pron.  ba-'- 

ring) 
Belknap  (bel^nSp) 
Bellamy  (Eng.)  (beF- 

la-mi ) 
BePlen-den 
Bellini  (bel-lee-'nee) 
Bel^sham 

Belzoni  (bel-zo/nee) 
Ben^'bow 

Bentham  (ben/t<;jm  or 

ben^thjtm) 
Bentivoglio  (ben-te- 

\oVyo) 
Benvenuti  (ben-va- 

noc'tee) 
Beranger  (ba''roN''2ha') 
Berke'ley  {formerly 

bark/1  J) 
Bernadotte  (ber-na- 

dot/  or  beR^nii^'dot'^) 
Btr^Nard  {Fr.  pron. 

beR^naR') 
Berzelius  (ber-zec'li- 

us :  Sic.  pron.  beR- 

zTT/le-us) 
Beth/am 

Bethune  (boh-thoon' 
Bewick  (bu-'ik) 
Bo/za 

Billaud-Varennes  (be' 

yo'-vii^renn') 
Biot  (be/o'  or  be'ot') 
Bligh  (bll) 

Blomfield  (bltim/feeld) 


fi,S,  feCjiong-/  a,e,  &c.,.?//.ori/  care,  far,  ask,  fjH,  whijt ;  Sre, vsil,tCrm;  pique,  firm;  S(jn,or, 


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


317 


Blount  (bltlnt) 
BlUcher      (bloo^kgr ; 

Ger.  pron.  blU^Kgr) 
Bluinenbach  (bloo'- 

meii-baK)  [ya) 
Bobadilki  (bo-Ba-DeeK- 
Boccaccio  (bok-kat/- 

cho)  (in  French  and 

old  English  Boccace, 

bok^kass') 
Bockh  (bok) 
Bode  (bo'd(^h) 
Boerhaave   (bor^hav  *, 

Dutch  pron.  booR'- 

ha^vgh) 
Bbhme  (bb/meh),  or 

Bdhm  (bom) 
Boileau  (boi'lo  ;  Fr. 

pron.  bwii'lo') 
Bojardo,   or  Boiardo 

(bo-yaR''do) 
Boleyn  (baol'in) 
Bolingbroke  (bol'mg- 

brobk,  formerly 

bobl'ing-brook). 
Bolivar  (bo-lee'vaR; 

erroneously  pron. 

bol'i-var') 
Bonaparte  (bo''na- 

part ;   It.  pron.  bo- 

na-paR'ta) 
Bonheur  (bo^nuR') 
Borghese  (boR-gii/za) 
Borgia  (bor'ja  or  boR^- 

Ja) 

Bos-caw'gn,  or  Bos'- 
ca-wgn 

Bossuet  (bos^aii-a',  al- 
most bos'swa') 

Bossu  (bo'su') 

Bossut  (bo^sd') 

Bo>/well 

Both^well  [ris. 
Botzaris.     See  Bozza- 
Boacher  (Eag.)  (^ow^- 
chgr) 

Boucher  (Fr.)  (boo'- 
sha') 

Boudiaot  (boo''de-not) 
Bougainville  (boo^- 

g^N^vel') 
Bourbou  (boor^bQu)  ; 

Fr.  pron.  booR'boN') 
Bourdaloue  (booR'da'- 

loo') 

Bourdon  (booR'doN') 
Bourne  (b5rn)  [§n') 
Bourrienne  (boo^re- 


Bouterwek  (boo-'tgr- 
wek) 

Bouvier  (Am.)  (boo- 
veer') 

Bowditch  (bou^ditch) 

Bowdoin  (bo'dn) 

Bowles  (bolz) 

Bovvring  (bour^ing) 

BoyMell 

Boyer  (bwa^ya') 

Bozzaris,  or  Botzaris 
( bot''sa-ri8  ;  popular- 
ly called  bQz-zar^is) 

Brahe  (bra  or  bra; 
Danish  pron.  bra/- 
eh) 

Bra/ m  ah 

Bramante  d'Urbino 

(bra-man^tu  dooR- 

bee'no) 
Brandt  (brant) 
Bremer     (bree-'mgr  ; 

Sw.  pron.  bra^mgr) 
Brissot  (bre-'soO 
Brockhaus  (brok^- 

howss) 
Broderip  (brod^rip) 
Brodie  (bro''di) 
Broeck  (brcrok) 
Brome  (brTom) 
Brom^ley  (brttm'li) 
Bronte  (bron-'te) 
Brough  (bruf) 
Brougham  (broo^am 

or  broo'm ) 
Brough  ton  (brow^tQu) 
Bru-n61/ 

Brunelleschi  (broo- 

nel-lgs^ee) 
Brunet  (brd/na') 
Buchanan  (buk-an'- 
an ;   often  mispro- 
nounced bu-kan^an) 
Buffon    (buffgu  "or 

bUf/foN') 
Bulwer  (bcfol^'wer) 
Bunsen  (bdbn/sgn) 
Buonarotti  (boo-o^na- 

rot'tee) 
Burckhardt  (b(5rk/- 
hart ;  Ger.  pron. 
bcJoRk^hart) 
Bur-dett/ 
Burger  (buR-'ger) 
Burgoyne  (bur-goin'') 
Burleigh  (bur/lT). 
Bussy  d'Amboise 
(bii-'se'doN/bwaz') 


O. 

Cab^ot 
Ca-do/gan 
cRd-waPla-der 
Cagliari  (kal'ya-ree) 
Cagliostro  (kal-yos^- 
Cairns  (karnz)  [tro) 
Caius  (keez) 
CaPa-my 

Calderou  ( kal-dS-ronO 
Calhoun  (kal-hoon'') 
CjiU'cytt 

Ciil-'met    ( Fr.  pron. 

kal^ma') 
Calvert  (Eng.)  (kSF- 
vgrt)  [vert) 
Calvert  (Amer.)  (kol^- 
Cambaceres  (koN^ba^- 

sa^res') 
Cam^gr-on  [o-ens) 
Ca-mo'en3  (or  kitm^- 
Campbell  (kitm^gl) 

Some  fami- 
lies of  this  name  call 
themselves  kam'bgl. 
Canova  (ka-uo'va) 
Canrobert  (koN^ro'- 
beR/) 

Cantemir,  or  Kantemir 
(kSn^tQh-meer  or 
kiin'te-meer/) 

Canute  (k?i-nut/) 

Carpet  {Fr.  pron.  ka'- 
pa')  roo') 

Carew  {generally  ka- 

(3arlisle  (kar-lTl-') 

Carlyle  (kar^lll  or  kar- 

mn 

Carraichael  (kar-ml''- 

kel  or  kar''mT-kel) 
Carteret  (kar^ter-et) 
Casimir  (kSs^e-meer) 
Castlereagh  (kSs/sl- 
C;"iv/en-dish  [ra^ 
Cecif(ses/il  or  sis/il) 
Cellini  (chel-lee^nee) 
Cenci  (chen^'chee) 
Cervantes  Sa^vedra 
(ser-van^tgz  sa-ved^- 
ra) 

Chalmers  (chSFmerz; 
Scot.  pron.  chaw''- 
merz) 
Chamisso  (sha''me''so') 
ChampoUion  (sham- 
poPle-Qn,  or  shoN''- 
poFle-5N') 


Charlemagne  (sharpie- 
man/  ;  Fr.  pron. 
shaRl'man') 

Chateaubriand  (sha'- 
to^'bre'^oN') 

Chatham  (chSt'am) 

Chauncey  (chan/sl 
or  chawn/gi) 

Cherubini  (ka-roo- 
bec^nee) 

Ches^t'l-dgn 

Cheyne  (chan  or  chTn) 

Childebert  (chil^de- 

Chil'dyr-ic  [bgrt 

ChiFpgr-ic 

Chisholm  (chiz''Qm) 

Cinq  Mars  (saNk' 
maRs') 

Claverhouse  (klav^gr- 
tls  or  klav^CTs) 

Clotairc  (klo'teR') 

Clough  (klQf) 

Clo-'vis 

Cochrane  (kok^ran) 
Cockburn  (ko'burn) 
Coeur  de  Lion  (kur  de 

IVqu) 
Coke(kcrok  or  kok) 
Colbert  (koPbeR') 
CoKby 
Co-len^'so 

Coleridge  (koPrlj) 

Col'man 

CoPton 

Combe  (koom) 

Comstock  (kOm^stok) 

Conde  (kon^da  ;  Fr. 

pron.  kSNMa') 
Confucius  (kon-fQ/shi- 

us) 

Congreve  (kong-'grev) 
Copernicus  (ko-per''- 

ni-kus) 
Corday  (kor^daO 
Corneille(kor/nal';  Fr. 
pron.  koR^nill'  or 
koR^nSy")  [lis) 
Corn  wallis  ( kom-woK- 
Correggio  (kor-red^jo) 
Cor^tez   (Sp.  Cortes, 

koR-tesO 
Cousin  (koo^z^N') 
Cowper   (kow'pgr  or 
CrSd/Qck  [koo/per) 
CrSsh^aw 
Crichton  (kri^tQu) 
'  Cromwell  (krum^wel 
I     or  krom^'wel) 


t,  W9lf,  too,  tdbk ;  to,  rjje,  p\ill ;  p, soji ;     g,  hard;     ;  ejist;  o  <w  ng ;  this  (see  p.  305). 


318 

Cunard  (ku-nardO 
Cuvier  (kli/ye-a' 
ku^'ve-gr) 


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Durer  (du'rer  or  da^- 
rer) 

Duyckinck  (dFkink) 
Dyche  (dich  or  ditch) 


Dagobert  (dlig^o-bCrt 

or  da^go/beR/) 
Baguerre  (da^geR') 
Dalhousie  (dtll-hoo/zi) 
Daltou  (dawFtQii) 
Dalzell  (da-elO 
Damiens  (da^me-SN') ; 

Anglicized  Da/mi- 

eng. 

Dampier  (dam^peer) 
Dante     (dan^te ;  It. 

pron.  dan^ta) 
Daiiton    (dan/tQii  or 

dON'tON') 

D'Arblay  (dar^bla) 
Daubigne  (do/ben/ya') 
DiVen-ant 
Di1v/gn-port  [dol') 
De  Candolle  (dgh  koN^- 
De-ca/tur  [bi) 
Derby  (dSr^bi  or  dar^- 
Derzhavin  (deR-zha^- 
vin) 

Descartes  (d^'kaRt') 
Devereux  (dev/gr-oo) 
Dewees  (dg-weezO 
D'Ewes  (duz) 
Diderot    (ded'ro'  or 

de^dgh-roO 
Didot  (de/doO 
Disraeli  (diz-ra/gl-ee) 
Domenichino  (do-mS- 

ne-kee'no) 
Donizetti  (don/e-zef- 

tee  or  do-nid-zet^tee) 
Don^o-van 

Ducange     (du-kiinj/ ; 

French  pron.  dii^- 

koNzh') 
Duchesne  (du/shan') 
Duclos  (dii^klo') 
Dudevant  (dilMgh- 

von'  or  dUd''voN') 
Dumas  (du/mii') 
Dumont  (dii/moN') 
Dun-bar' 

Duncan  (duQk/an) 
Dundas  (dun-diissO 
Dupont    (Am.)  (du- 
pontO  [rSindO 
Durand    (Am.)  (du 


E. 

Echard  (Eng.)  (Stch^- 
ard) 

Bgerton  (ej'gr-tQn) 
Elgin  (eFgin) 
Ellesmere  (elz^'meer) 
Elmes  (elmz) 
Elphinstone  (eVfin- 

stgn) 
Elzevir  (eVzgh-vir) 
Encke  (eQk/gh) 
Enghien  (oN^ge-iiN') 
Epes  (eps) 

Erasmus  (e-rSiz/mus) 
Eric  (er''ik) 
Ericsson  (er''ik-sQn) 
Erskine  (ers'kin) 
Este  (es/te  or  es'ta) 
Esterhazy,  or  Eszter- 
,  hdzy  (es'tgr-ha'ze) 
Etienne(a/te-ennO 
Ewart  (yoo'art) 
Ewing  (yoo'ing) 
Eyre  (ar) 


Fontaine     (fon-tan' ; 

Fr.  pron.  foN'ten') 
Fontenelle  (fon-tgh- 
neF ;     Fr,  pron. 
foNt/neF) 
Forbes  (Eng.)  (forbz) 
Forbes  (Scot.  )(ior/bsz) 
Fordyce  (for-disO 
Forsyth  (fgr-sith/) 
Fortescue  (Jor'tgs-ku) 
Fosbroke  (fos^brdbk) 
Fothergill  (foth/er-gil) 
Fouche  (foo'sha') 
Foulis  (fow^lis;  Scot. 

pron.  fowlz) 
Foulques  (fook) 
Fouque  (foo/ka'). 

La  Motte-Fouque. 
Fourcroy  (fooR/krwa') 
Fourier  (foo're-gr ;  Fr. 

pron.  foo're-S,') 
Francia  (South  Am.) 

(fran'se-a) 
Frelinghuysen  (free'- 

ling-hi''zen) 
Fremont,  or  Fremont 

(Am.)  (fre-m5nt0 
Frob^ish-er 
Froissart  (frois'sart' ; 

Fr.  pron.  frwa'saR') 
Froude  (frood) 
Fulton  (fool/ton) 
FuseU  (fu/sg-ll) 


Fabyan,    or  Fabian 

(f;Vbi-an)  [hit) 
Fahrenheit  (fiir/gn- 
Falconer  (fawk'ngr  or 

faWken-gr) 
Falkland  (fawk/land) 
Faneuil  (fan/il) 
Faraday  (ttir/a-da) 
Famese  (far-neez-' ;  It. 

pron.  far-na'sa) 
Farquhar  (far'kwar  or 

far^kar) 
Fatima  (fa'te-ma  or 

m/e-ma) 
Faust  (fowst  or  fawst) 
Fenelon  (fen/gh-lQn  ; 
Fr.  pron.  fan^loN'  or 

ta^neh-loNO 
Fichte''(fiK/tgh) 
Fingal    (fing'gal  or 

fing-gawlO 
Firdousi,  or  Firdausi 
( fir-do  w'see) 


G. 


Gainsborough  (gang' 
b'rQ)  [nee) 

Galignani  (ga-len-ya 

Galileo  (gaH-lee'o  ;  It. 
pron.  ga-le-la-'o) 

Giliaa-tin 

GitKlau-det" 

Gait  (gawlt) 

Galvani  (gal-va'nee)  ^ 

Garcilasso  {or  Garci 
laso)  de  la  Yega 
(gaR-the-las/so,  or 
gar-se-lSs/so,  da  la 
va^gii) 

Gardiner  (gard'ngr) 

Garibaldi  (gar-l-bSl' 
di  or  ga-re-bal'dee) 

Gascoygne,  or  Gas- 
coigne  (gSLs-koinO 

Gay-Lussac  (g^'lUs^ 
Goll  (jel)  [sak') 


Genet    (jgh-net'  or 

zh'na) 
Gengis  Khan,  or  Jen- 

gis  Khan  (jSng'gis 

kan  or  kan) 
Genlis  (zhoN^leO 
Genseric  (jen'sgr-ik) 
Geoffroy  (Eng.)  U^f''- 

fri) 

Gerard  (Eng.  )(j6r/ard) 

Gerry  (ger^'ri) 

Gessler  (gSss'lgr) 

Gib''bQn 

Gibbg 

Gib'SQn 

Gifford  (giffgrd  and 
jif/fQrd)  [bgrt) 
Gilbert   (Eng.)  (giF- 
Gilchrist  (gil/krist) 
Gil-fn/lan_ 
Gillespie"  (gil-15s/pi) 
GiFman 
Gil'niQre 
Gilpin 

Giotto  (ji5t/to) 
Girard  ( Am.)  (je-rardO 
Gi^'bgrne 

Glauber  (glaw'bgr  or 

glou'bgr) 
Gleig  (gleg) 
Glendower  (glen'dou- 
Glover  (glQv/gr)  [cr) 
Go-doFphin 
Goethe.    See  Gothe. 
Goldoni  (gol-do/nee) 
Gonzalo  (gon-tha'lo). 
Gortchakov,  or  Gorts- 
chakow  (gor^cha- 
kof)  [tgh) 
Gbthe,  or  Goethe  (go'- 
Gough  (gof) 
Gould  (goold)  [gor) 
Gower    (gow^er  and 
Graeme  (gram) 
Granger  ( Eng.  )(gran'- 
Greaves  (greevz)  [jgr) 
Greenough  (grcen/o) 
Gresh^am 

Grisi  (gree'see)  [Qr) 
GrosTenor  (gro'vgn- 
Grotius  (gro'shi-tis) 
Grouchy  (groo^sheO 
Guelph  (gwelf)  [no) 
Guercino  (gweR-chee'- 
Guicciardini  (gwet- 

chaR-dee'nee) 
Guido  Reni  (gwee'do 
ra^nee) 


i,6,&c.,Zon,^;  ^,  §,  &c.,5Aar^-  c^re,  far,  ask,  ftH,  ^hat ;  ^re,-eil,term;  pique,  firm ;  86n, or, 


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


310 


Oulse  (gwez) 

Guizot    (gwe'zo'  or 

ge^zo') 
Gunther  (gun'tor) 
Gutenberg  (goo'tgn- 

bgRO/    or  goo/tgn- 

b6RG) 
Guthrie  (guth/ri)  [ON') 
Guy  on  (gl'S^ 
Guyot  (ge/Q') 


Ilovey  (huv^) 
Huger(Am.)  (u-jeeO 
Hughes  (huz) 
Humboldt  (hQm/bolt ; 

Ger.  pron.  h(5bm^- 
Hus/kTs-sgn  [bolt) 
Huss,  or  Hub  (huss ; 

Ger.  pron.  h^ss) 
Huyghens  (hi/genz  or 

hoi/gen  z) 
Hyder  Ali  (hinder  a^- 

lee) 


Hafiz  (hii/fiz) 
Hahnemann  (ha/ngh- 
man) 

Hak/lijyt ;  xoritten 

also  Hackluyt. 
Ha-lo^ran 

H5n/dgl(Ger.  Handel 
hen/dgl)'  [kurt) 
Harcourt  ( Eng. )  ( har^- 
Hardicanute  (har^de- 

k^-nut') 
Hardinge  (har^ding) 
Haroun  -  al  -  Raschid 
(ha-roon/al-rilsh'id) 
Hauy  (ha/ we') 
Havelock  (hay/eh-lok) 
Haydn  (ha'dn  ;  Ger. 

pron.  hiMn) 
Haynau  (hl^now) 
Hearne  (hern) 
Hegel  (ha/ggl) 
Heine  (hl/ngh)  [man) 
Heintzelman  (hint'sgl- 
Helvetius  (hgl-vee^shi- 
Hgm/ang  [us) 
Hengist  (hgng'gist) 
Herder    (her^dgr  or 

heR/der) 
Herrera(eR-Ra/ra) 
Herschel  (her/shgl) 
Hewes  (huz) 
Heylin  (ha/lin) 
Heyne  (hi/neh) 
Heyse  (hl/zeh) 
Hey  wood  (hu^'wd'od) 
Hogarth  (ho^garth) 
Holbein  (hoVbln) 
Holinshed,  or  Hollyn- 

shed  (hol/inz-hed) 
Holmes  (homz) 
Houdon  (oo^doN') 
Houghton  (ho/ ton) 
Houston  {popularly 
pronounced  hu^stQu) 


Knowles  (nolz)  I  Liebig  (lee^big) 

Kbrner,    or    Koerner  '  Lingard  (ling'gard) 

(koR/nor)  [ko)  Linnaeus  (lin-nee'Cls) 

Kosciusko  (kos-si-us/- 
Kossuth  (kosh/shoof) 
Kotzebue  (kot'sgh- 

bu  ;  Ger.  pron. ')^ot'- 

sgh-boo)  ^ 
Krummacher(kraom/- 

maK-gr) 


Inchbald  (Inch/bald) 
Inez  (ee'nGz) 
In/ge-low 
I  re  ton  (ir^tgn) 
Iriarte  (e-re-aR^tJl.) 

Syn.  Yriarte.  [da) 
Iturbido  (e-tooR^be- 
Ivan  (Russ.)  (e-vanO 


Jacobi  (ya-ko^bee) 
Jamieson  (jam'e-SQn 

or  jfi/mt-sQu) 
Jean  Paul  (zhoN  powl 

or  jeen  pawl ) 
Jellachich  (yel/la-KiK) 
Joan  of  Arc  (Fr.  Je- 
anne d'Arc,  zhan 
daRkO  [zhwSN/vel') 
Joinville  (join'vil  or 
JoufFroy  (zhooffrwa') 
Juarez   (Hoo-a'res  or 

HWa^reth) 
Junot  (zhli/no') 


Kant  (kSnt  or  kant) 
Kantemir  (kan^tg- 

meer) 
Kavanagh  (kav'a-na' 

or  kav/a-naii') 
Kearney  ("kar/nl) 
Keble  {kgb'l) 
Keightly  (klt^ee) 
Kneller  (neFlgr  ;  Ger. 

pron.  kneVler) 
Knollea  (nolz);  ivrit- 

ten    also  Knollys 

(nolz) 


Linnell  (lin^ngl) 
Liszt  (ITst) 

Lloyd  (loid)  [va/ga) 
Lope  de.Yega(lo/pa  dS 
Lothaire  (lo-ther^  or 

lo-teR/) 
Loudon  (lou/dgn) 
Louis  ( loo^is ;  Fr.  pron. 

loo'e') 
Lowth  (louth) 
Loyola  (loi-o/la  or  lo- 
LJ'f/grd  [yoaa) 


Lacroix  (la^krwa') 
Ladislas    (lad/is-his) ; 

written  also  Lad^is- 

la'us. 

La  Fayette,  or  Lafay- 
ette (la/fti-et') 

Laffitte  (liif/nt'  or 
fet') 

La  Fontaine  (la  fOn'- 

tiin' ;  Fr.  pron.  la'- 

foN/ton') 
Laing  (lang)  [ten') 
Lamartine  (la^maR/- 
Lamballe  (loN/baF) 
La  Motte-Fouque  (la  ,  Mack/in-tosh 

mot-foo/ka')        ^    i  Mack/lin 
La  Perouse  (la  pu'- 

rooz') 
Laplace  (la^plaps') 
Las  Casas  (las  ka^sas) 
Las  Cases  (las  kaz) 

La^tham  „  ,  , 

Lavater  (la-va^ter  or  Macready  (ma-kree^di) 


M. 

Macaulay  (ma-kaw/li) 
MacchiaTelli  (mak-ke- 

a-vePlee).  Syn. 

Machiavel. 
MacCulloch  (ma-kuF- 

IQh)  [van') 
Macllvaine  (nulk/il- 
Mackay  (ma-ka'  and 

ma-kT') 


Mac-lau'rin 
Maclean  (mak-lan^) 
Macleod  (ma-klowdO 
Maclin  (ma-klTnO 
Maclise  (ma-kleez') 
Macomb  (ma-komb/) 


la/va/teR/) 
Lavoisier(  la/vwa^ze-a' ) 
Layard  (la'ard) 
Legare    (Am.)  (Igh- 

gree/ ) 
Legendre(leh-zhSNdV 

or  leh-jen^dgr) 
Leibnitz,   or  Leibniz 

(ITp/nits) 
Leigh  (lee) 
Leighton  (la/ton) 
Lempriere  (lem/pri-er 

or    lem-preer' ) 
Le  Sage,  or  Lesage 

(Igh-siizh/) 
L-Estrange  (les-tranjO 
Le^vgr 

Leverrier  (Igh-ver/ri- 

er  or  leh-T^/re-a') 
Liddell  (ITd/del) 
Lieber  (lee^bgr) 


Mad'oc 
Magellan  (ma-jel^lan ; 
Sp .  pron. "  ma-H6I- 
yan') 
Maginn  (ma-ginO 
Mahmtid,     or  Mah- 
moud  (mah/raood') 
Mahomet  (ma-hom^et, 
ma^ho-met,  or  ma/- 
ho-met).     See  Mo- 
hammed. 
Mahon  (ma-hoon'  or 

ma-hon/) 
Main  t  enon  _  (mSNt^- 
noN'  or  man/te-non) 
Malcolm  (m^tl/kom) 
Malone  (ma-lonO 
Malte    Brun  (mawlt 
brtin/    or  malt^g- 
br«N') 
Mantell  (mSLn^tl) 


d9,  wQlf,  to-o,  to-ok  ;  fim,  r»e,  pijll  5  C,    soft ;      g,  hard ;  a^  ;  exist ;  u  a.  ng ;  ttiis  (see  p.  305V 


320  MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Marat  {ma-'ra') 
Marie- Antoiaette 

(ma-'re'  oN/twa^net') 
Marie  Louise  (ma^re' 

loo'ez')  [^n) 
Marion  (Am.)  {mS.r'e- 
Marlborough  (mawl^- 

b'ro) 
Marlowe  (mar^lo) 
Martel  (inaR^eF) 
Martineau  (Eng.) 

(mar/tl-no) 
Masaniello  (ma-sa-ne- 
Mas^sa-soit'  [ePlo) 
Massena  (mas-sa^na ; 

Fr,  pron.  ma''sa'na') 
Massillon  (nifis^sil-lon 

or  mas^se^yoN') 
Massinger  (mSs^'sin- 

Mather  (mSth^er) 
Maturiu  (inat/yoo-rin) 
Maunder  (mawnMor) 
Maury  ( Am. )  (maw/ri 

and  mQr'ri) 
Maury  (Fr.)  (mo/re') 
Mazarin  (nutz^'a-reen' ; 

Fr.  pron.  ma-'za'- 

Mazzini  (mat-see'nee 

or  ma-zee^nee) 
Meagher  (ma''gr) 
Medici  (med'e-chee) 
Medicis  (maMe'sess'  or 

med^e-sis) 
Meigs  (mCgz) 
Melanchthon  (tDg- 

l:iDk/thon) 
Mendelssohn  (men^- 

del-son) 
Mendoza  (mcn-do'za ; 

Sp.  pron.  men-do'- 

tha) 

Mefcastasio  (met''a-?ta'- 
se-o  or  nia-ta-stii^- 
se-o) 

Metternich  (met/tor- 
nlk  or  meVter-niK) 
Meyer  (ml^er) 
Mey  erbeer(  mi'gr-baR^ ) 
Mcyrick  (mer^ik) 

MiFlTn-i?en 
Milne  (Scot.)  (mil) 
Milne  (Eng.)  (mlln) 
Milnes  (milz) 
Mirabeau  (mtr'a-bo' 
or  me^ra^bo')    "  [la) 
Mirandola  (me-ran'do- 


Mo-hSm'med 
Moiiere  (mo^le-eR') 
3Iolyneux  (mol'i- 

nooks^ ) 
Moucreitf  ( mon-kreef ) 
Monroe  (mgn-ro/) 
Monstrelet  (moNs'- 

trgh-la')  [gu) 
Montague  (mon^ta- 
Montaigne  (mon^tan' ; 

Fr.  pron.  moN^tan') 
Montalembert  (moN^- 

ta^loN^beR')  [kam^) 
Montcalm  (mont- 
Montecuccoli  (mon'ta- 

kobk^ko-lee) 
Montespan  (mon-'tes- 

pSn' ;     Fr.  pron. 

moN-'tes^poN') 
Montesquieu  (m5n'- 

tes-ku' ;   Fr.  pron. 

nQON/tas/ke-uh') 
Montgolfier  (moN/gol/- 

fe-a'  or  mont-gol^f  i- 

gr) 

Montgomery     ( Eng. ) 

(mynt-giim/er-i) 
Montrose  (mgnt-roz'') 
Moore  (Eng.)  (m5r) 
Moray  (milr^rl) 
Moreau  (mo^ro') 
Morel  (mo^rel') 
Morell  (mo-rellO 
Morrell  (Am.)  (mSr^- 
Mor-'tQU  [rel) 
Mo^'by 

Motteux  (mot-too'') 
Moultrie  (moo/trl) 
Mow/att 

Mozart  (mo-zart' ; 
Ger.  pron.  mot'sart) 

Miiller  (mlil/ler,  al- 
most mil^'ler) 

Munchhausen  (mtin- 
chaw^sen ;  Ger. 
pron.  miinK-how''- 
zen)  [rat/) 

Murat  (md^ra'  or  mu- 

Murillo  (moo-reel^yo 
or  miJ-riVlG) 

Mylne  (miln) 


3sr. 

Napier  (na^pe-er) 
Neck^er    ( Fr.  pron. 
\  nSk/kt'R') 


Ney (na) 

Niebuhr  (nee^boor) 
Nos^tra-da'mus 
Novalis  (no-ya^'lis) 


O. 

Oberlin  (o/ber-lin) 
Ogilby  (o/g'l-bi/ 
Ogilvie  (o/g'l-vi| 
Ohlenschlager,  or  Oeh- 

lenschlager  (d'len- 

shia/ger) 
Olmstead  (um'sted  or 

om^sted) 
O'Meara     (o-mee''ra ; 

Irus/i  pron.  o-ma'ra) 
Orsini  (oR-see'nee) 
Ossian  (Osh'an) 
Ousely  (ooz/fi) 
Oxenstiern  (oks'§n- 

stem') 


P. 

PaPgrave 

Palmerston  (pam^er- 
stQn)  [lee) 
Paoli  (pa^o-lee  orpow^- 
Par/a-pel^sCLs 
Pardoe  (par-'do) 
Par''nell 

Pascal  (pSs^kal  ;  Fr. 

pron.  piis'kal') 
Pearce  and  Pearce 
PSar'sQn  and  Pear'son 
Pepin  (pgp'in  or  pipp- 
in ;  Fr.  pron.  peh- 
pXnO 

Pepys  (peps)  [see) 
Pestalozzi  (pes-ta-lot^- 
Petrarch  (pee^trark) 

(It.    Petrarca,  pa- 

traR''ka) 
Piccolomini  (pik-ko- 

lom^e-nee) 
Pierce  (pet^rss  or  pt;rss) 
Piozzi  (pe-ot^see  or  pe- 

6z/zY) 

Pizarro  ( pe-zSir^ro ; 
Sp.  pron.  pe-thaR/- 
Ro)  [t^'e-net) 

Plantagenet  (pl5n- 

Pleyel  (plT'gl);  or 
Pleyl  (pill) 

Po-'ca-hSn'tas 


Po^cScke 

Poin-sett' 

Polk  (polk  or  pok) 

Pombal  (pom-bal'') 

Pompadour  (pom'pa- 

doToR'   or  poM/pa/- 

dcToR') 
Ponce  de  Leon  (pon'- 

tha  da  la-on'l 
Poniatowski  (po-ne-a- 

tov^ske) 
Popham  (pop-'am) 
Porteus  (por/ testis) 
Poussin  (poo^siiN') 
Powell  (pou'gl) 
Pow/hat-tan' 
Praed  fprad) 
Preble  (preba) 
Prichard  (pritch/ard) 
Prideaux  (prid^o  "a^irf 

prid/fix) 
Priessnitz  ( preess^'nits) 
Pughe  (pu) 
Pugin  (pu''jin) 
Pulaski  (pu-las''kee 

Pol.  pron.  poo-lius^- 

kee). 
Pulci  (pool^chee) 
Pulteney  (pult^m) 
Pusey  (pii^zi) 


Q. 

Quarlea  (kwarlz) 
Quevedo  (kS-va'Do) 
Quincy   (kwln^si  or 
kwin'zl) 


Rabelais  (ra'bch-la'  or 
rab^'la') 

Rachel  (Fr.)  (ra^sheP) 

Racine  (ra^sen'  or  rSs- 
seen^ ) 

RafFaelle  (raf-fa-eVlS) 
Syn.  Raphael. 

Raleigh  (raw^li);  writ- 
ten also  Ralegh. 

Ranke  (rank^gh) 

Raphael  (ra'fa-gl  or 
rjiffa-gl) 

Rapin  (rSp'tn  or  ra'- 
pSN) 

Reaumur  (ra'o/mliR' 
or  ro'mur) 


See, long;  SL,6,  8cc., short,-  c&re,  far,  ask, allr wh^t;  ere,vgU,tSnn;.  pique,  firm;  s6n^6r, 


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAJMES. 


321 


Rembrandt  (rgm/- 

br."iiit) 
Ren/nell 

Keuchiin  (roiK^lin) 
Reynolds  (reu\)ldz) 
Ricasoii  (re-k a' so-lee) 
Riccio  (rot/cho) 
Richelieu  (resh/eh- 

loo  ;  Fr.  pron.  resh^- 

le-uh') 
Richter(rTK^tgr).  Sj/n. 

Jean  Paul. 
Rienzi  (re-en-'zee),  or 

Rienzo  (re-en^zo) 
Rives  (Amer.)  (reevz) 
Rizzio  (ret-'se-o  or  rif- 

se-o) 

Robespierre  (ro'bes- 
peer''  or  rob/gs-pe- 
t'R')  [shoN'bo') 
Rochambeau  (ro^- 
Roehefoucauld  (rosh^- 
foo-ko'  or  rosh^'foo/- 
koO  _  [zhaO 

Roget  (ro^zha  or  ro^- 
Romilly  (Eng.)  (rom^- 
il-T) 

Rosecrans  (roz^rSnts) 
Rothschild  (ros/chlld ; 

Ger.  pron.  rot-'shllt) 
Rousseau  {roo^so') 
Routledge  (rtttaij) 
Rowe  (ro) 
Rowley  (rou'^li) 
Rutgers  (rut^gers) 
Rutherford  (ruth.^'er- 

fS)rd) 


s. 

Saadi.    See  Sadi. 
Sabine  (sab-'in) 
Sacheverell  (sa-chev'- 

gr-el) 
Saintiue  (saN/ten') 
Saint-John  (senf-jon 

or  sin^jen)  [jer) 
Saint  Leger  (siFlin- 
Saint-Pierre  (sent- 

peer  or  sSN'pe-eR' ) 
Saint-Simon  (sent-si/- 

mgn  or  saN^se^moN') 
Saladin  (saFa-dm) 
Sand  (Fr.)  (son) 
San^dys  {or  sandz) 
Saunderson  (saa/der- 

son) 


Saussure   (so^sur'  or 
so^siiR')  [il) 
Savile,  or  Saville  (sav^- 
Savonarola  (sa-vo-nii- 

ro'la) 
Scaliger  (skaH-jor) 
Scheliing  (shePling) 
Schenck  (skenk) 
Schiller  (shil/ler) 
Schlegel  (shhVgel  or 
shla^'GoI)  [er-maK^cr) 
Schleiermacher  (shli'- 
Schmidt  (shmit) 
Schuyler  (skFler) 
Scoresby  (skorz'bi) 
Scougal  (skoo^gal) 
Scribe  (skreb)  "  [da) 
Sepulveda  (sa-pooPva- 
Ser-ve^ttis 

Sevigne  (sa-veen^yJl  or 

sa^'ven^ya') 
Seward  (su^ard) 
Seymour  (see'mcr) 
Shakes^peare  ;  "  writ- 

ten  also  Shakspeare 

and  Shakspere. 
Shiel  (sheel) 
Sidmouth  (sid^miith) 
Sieyes  (se-6s',  se-a',  or 

se-a'ya')^ 
Sigel  (see'gel)  [mtind) 
Sigismund  (sy^is- 
Sigourney  (sTg/or-ni) 
Sismondi  (sis-mon-'di ; 

It.  pron.  ses-mon''- 

dee) 
Slidell  (sli-deP) 
Snorri  Sturluson 

(snor^ree  stoor^ldb- 

SQn) 
Soane  (son) 
Sobieski  (so-be-es'kee) 
Socinus  (so-sPntis) 
Somers  (sum^erz) 
Sontag    (son^tag  or 

son^taG) 
Sotheby  (stlth/e-bi) 
Soule  (sol)  _   "  [la') 
Soule  (soo-la/  or  eoo^- 
Soulouque  (soo^lcTok') 
Soult  (soolt) 
Southard  (sttth^grd) 
Southern  (suth^ern) 
Sou  they  (sowth/i) 
Sowerby  (sou''er-bi) 
Soyer  (soi/er  or  swa/- 

Spalding  (spawPding) 


Spinola  (spee'no-la) 
Spinoza  (spe-no-'za) 
Spurtzheini  (spooRts'- 

h7m  or  spQrz^im) 
Stael  (stal  or  stawl) 
Stanhope  (stSn'Qp) 
Stanislaus  (stSn-is-la''- 

iis  or  sfan-is-la^'us) 
Staunton  (stan'ton) 
Steuben  (Am.)  (stu^- 
Storra  (storz)  [bgn) 
Stowell  (sto/gl) 
Strahan  and  Strachan 
(strawn)  [sant) 
Stuyvesant  (stPvg- 
Sue  (su;  Fr.pron.  sii) 
Suleyman  (soo-la- 
mlin^).     Syn.  Soli- 
man,  [sii/ye') 
Sully  (sQPli ;  Fr.  pron. 
Suwarrow  (soo-or^ro) ; 
vrritten  Souvoroff 
or  Suworow  {Russ. 
pron.  soo-vo^rof) 
Swe'dgn-borg'  {Sw. 

pron.  swii/den-boRG ) 
Sydenham  (sid''en-am ) 


T. 

Talbot  (tawPbot) 
Talfourd  (tawP^fgrd) 
Taliaferro  (t6PI-vgr, 

and  sometimes  teP- 

fgr) 

Talleyrand  (taPH- 

rSnd;  Fr.  pron.  taX'- 

la^roN') 
Talimadge  CtiiPmYj) 
Tamerlane     ( t^m^gr- 

lan  or  tSm^'gr-lan') 
Taney  (taw-'ni)  [so.) 
TSs^so  {It.  pron.  tas''- 
Tassoni  (tas-so'nee) 
Te-ctim/sgh  [miith) 
Teignmouth  (tin^- 
Teniers  ( t^n/yerz  ;  Fr. 

pron.    tgh-ne-u'  or 

ten-ya^) 
Thackerav  (tha-k^er-rT) 
Thalberg''(taPbgRG) 
Theobald  (thee^o- 

bawld  or  tib/bald) 
Thesiger  (thes^T-jer) 
Thierry  (te-er^ri  or  te- 

a-'ree') 
Thiers  (te-eR^) 


Tholuck(toa(rok\ 
Thom  (tom) 
Thoresby  (thorz^bi) 
Thorwaldsen       ( tor'- 

wald-sen   or  UyeJ- 

vald-sgn) 
Tieck  (teek) 
Tighe  (tl)  [te/ye') 
Tilly  (tiPle;  Fr.pron. 
Timur,    or  Timour 

(tee^moor') 
Tintoretto  (ten-to- 

ret/ to) 
Tippoo  Sahib  (tip/po 

sa^hTb;  almost  sa'^ib) 
Tischendorf  (tish'gn- 

dORf) 

Titian  (tish'an) 
Tocqueville  "(tok'vTI; 

French,  pron.  tok^- 

veP) 

Torquato  (toR-kwa^to) 
Torquemada  (toa-kS- 

ma''Da) 
Toucey  (tou^Bi) 
Toussaint  L'Ouver- 

ture  (too^saN'  loo'- 

veR/fiiR')  [end) 
Townshend  (townz'- 
TrM/gs-c5nt 
Trowbridge  (tro'brij) 
Tyndale  (tin^al) 
Tyrwhitt    (tefit  or 

ter^wit) 


TJ. 

Uhland    (oo^nfc  or 

yoo^land) 
Ulfilas,"  or  Ulphilaa 

(uPH-las) 
Upham  (up'am) 
Urquhart  (firk/art) 
Uwins  {yoo^vaz) 


V. 

Val-lan^di-gham  (-dt- 
gam)  [rgn) 
Van  Buren  (v5n  hn'- 
Vanbrugh  (vSn/broo) 
Vancouver  (van-koo^' 
ver) 

Vandyke  (v5u-dTk/) 
(Dutch  Vandyc  :,  or 
Vandjik,  van-dlk/) 


^.Qf  w^If^  tJb,  t(5bk ;  firn,  nje,  pi^ill ;  9,  ^,  soft ;      g,  hard  ;  as  ;  e^ist ;  d     ng ;  this  (see  p.  SOo). 
21 


822 


Tan  Rensselaer  (vSn 

ren/sel-ar)  [tel') 
Vattel  (vtit-teV  or  vat'- 
Tauban  (yo'boN') 
Taughan    (vaw'n  or 

vaw-'an) 
Vaux  (Eng.  &  Am.) 

(vawks) 
Tega  (va/ga) 
Yelasquez  (Ta-las'kez 

or  va-lag/keth) 
Vemet  (veR/nS') 
Terplanck(  vgr-piask' ) 
Ver-ste^gan 

Vespucci  (v6s-pooV- 

chee) 
Yicente  (ve-sen'ta) 
Yida  (vee/dii) 
Yidocq  (ve^dok') 
Yilliers  (viFyerz) 
Yinci    (vin/cheo  or 

yen'chee) 
Yladimir  (vlad's-mer) 
Yolney   (vSVni;  Fr. 

pron.  ToFna') 
Yoltaire   (vol-ter'  or 

voFteR') 
Yortigem  (Tor'tg- 

gern) 
Yoss(Ger.)(foss) 


MODERN  BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


w. 

Waldemar  jwoVde- 
mar  or  walMeh- 
m^r)  [stm) 

Wallenstein  (woFlgn- 

War^bur-tQn 

Wargentia  (war'gen- 
teen)  [ing-tQn) 

Washington  (wosh^- 

Watteau  (vat^to') 

Weber  (wa'bgr  or  wa'- 
ber) 

Wellesley  (wglz/li) 
Wemys     (weemz  or 

wimz) 
Werner   (wSr^ner  or 

\veR/ner) 
Whalley  (hwSiai) 
Whewell  (hWel) 
Whitefield(hwit/feeld) 
Wieland  (wee^land 
German  pron.  wee' 

lant) 

Willougbby  (wiiaQ-bi) 
Willughby  (wiPlQ-bi) 
Winckelmann  (wmk'- 

el-nian) 
Windham  (wind'am) 
Wolcott  (wOPkgt  or 

w(5t)Fk5t) 


Wolfif  (Eng.)  (w(5'olf) 
Wollaston  (w(5'oFas- 
tgn) 

Wollstonecraft  (wooF- 

stgn-kriift) 
Wolsey  (wcJbVzi) 
Worcester  (woos'ter) 
Wordsworth  (wfirdz^- 

w  firth) 
WouTerman  (wow^- 

yer-man) 
Wraxall   (rSks^al  or 

rSks/al) 
Wycherley  (vritch'- 

gr-H) 

Wycliffe  ( wik^lif) ;  also 

Wyclif,  Wiclif,  and 

Wickhffe. 
Wyntoun  (wm^tQn  or 

■win^toyn) 
Wythe  (with  ;  /A  as  in 

thin) 


Y. 


Xavier  (zSv/t-er ;  Sp. 

pron.  Ha-ve-aR^)  ^ 
Ximenes  (zi-mee^nez ; 

Sp.  pron.  He-ma-'- 

nSs) 


Yonge (yung) 
Youatt  (yoo^nt) 
Youmans  (yoo'manz) 
Yriarte  (e-re-aR^ta) 
Ysabeau  (e-'za^bo') 


Z. 

Zim^mer-mann  ( Ger. 

pron".  tsim^mer- 

nian)  [doRf) 
Zinzendorf  (tsint^sen- 
ZoUikofer(Ger.)(tsol'- 

le-ko^fer) 
Zol'H-koffer  (Am.) 
Zouch  (zooch) 
Zschokke  (tsh6k/keh) 
Zumala  -  Carregui 

(thoo-ma^la-kaR-Ea' 

gee) 

Zumpt  (tsoompt) 
Zuniga  (thoon-yee^ga) 
Zwin'gli  {Ger.  pron. 
tswing^lee)  (Lat. 
Zwin/gli-Qs  or  Zuin'- 
gli-us) ;  tvritten  also 
Zwingle  (zwing^gl) 
Zwirner  (tswiRu/gr) 


a,e,  &e.,  long;  p.,  e,  &c.,  short  /  c^re,  far,  ask,  all,wliat ;  gre,vsil,  tSrm ;  pique,  firm ; 


PEONOIJNCING  AND  EXPLANATORY  VOCABTJLAEY 

OF 

COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 


L  NAMES  OF  MEN. 


Aaron  (ar/un).  [Ileb.]  Lofty  ; 
inspired. 

A'beL  [Heb.]  Breath;  tran- 
sitoriness  ;  vanity. 

A-bi'eL  [Ileb.J  Father  of 
strength. 

A-brjah.  [Ileb.]  To  whom 
Jehovah  is  a  Father,  [light. 

Ab'ner.     [Ileb.]    Father  of 

A'bra-ham.  [Ileb.]  Father 
of  a  multitude,  [elevation. 

A'bram.    [Ileb.]   Father  of 

Ad'am.  [Ileb.]  Man;  earth- 
man  ;  red  earth. 

A-d61'phus.  [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Noble  wolf,  i.  e.  noble  hero. 

Ad/Q-ni'ram.  [Heb.]  Lord 
of  height. 

Ara-ri€.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  All- 
rich  ;  or,  noble  ruler. 

Al'bert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Nobly 
bright ;  illustrious. 

Al'bi-on.  [Celt.]  Mountain- 
ous land ;  —  the  ancient 
name  of  England. 

APex-aii'der.  [Gr.]  A  de- 
fender of  men. 

Al'fred.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Elf 
in  council;  t.  e., good  coun- 
selor. [Alphonso. 

A-16n'zo.    [0.  Ger.]  Same  as 

Al'phe-us  [properly  Al-phe'- 
ns).    [Ileb.]  Exchange. 

Al-ph6n'so.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  All- 
^  ready ;  willing. 

APvan:}   tHeb.]  Iniquity. 
Al'vin,  )   [0.  II.  Ger.]  Be- 
Al'win.  S      loved  by  all. 
Am'a-ri'ah.    [Heb.]  A\Tiom 

Jehovah  promised. 
Am'a-sa.   [Heb.]  A  burden. 


Am'brose.  [Gr.]  Immortal ;  | 
^  divine. 

Am'mi.    [Heb.]   My  people.  I 
A'mos.    [Heb.]  Strong  ;  ecu-  [ 
rageous  ;  otktrwise^  a  bur- 
den. 

An'drew  (iin/drij).  [Gr.J 
Strong;  manly. 

An'selm.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Pro- 
tection of  God. 

An'tho-ny  (-to-),  1  [Lat.] 

An'to-ny.  j  Priceless ; 

praiseworthy. 

Ar'chi-bald.  [Ger.]  Extreme- 
ly bold  ;  other  wise  ^  holy 
prince. 

Ar'te-mas.     [Gr.]    Gift  of 

Artemis,  or  Diana. 
Ar'thur.  [Celt.]  High  ;  noble. 
A'sa.  [Heb.]  Healer ;  phy- 
sician. [God. 
As'a-hel.  [Heb.]  Made  of 
A'saph.  [Heb.]  A  collector. 
Ash'er.  [Heb.]  Happy  ;  fort- 
unate, [ness. 
Ash'ur.  [Heb.]  Black  ;  black- 
Au-gus'tin,  )  [Lat.]  Belong- 
Au-gus'tine,  {  ing  to  Au- 
Aus'tin.  )  gustus. 
Au-gus'tus.  [Lat.]  Exalted; 

"imperial.  [of  the  Lord. 
Az^a-rl'ah.    [Heb.]  Helped 

B. 

BS,p'tist.    [Gr.]  A  baptizer ; 

a  purifier. 
Bar'ua-bas, )  [Heb.]  Son  of 
Bar'na-by.  j  consolation. 
Bar-th61'o-mew.    [Heb.]  A 

warlike  son. 
Bar-ziPiai.    [Heb.]  Iron  of 

the  Lord;  firm;  true. 
B&§'il.  [Gr.]  Kingly  ;  royal. ^ 


Ben'e-di-ct.  [Lat.]  Blessed. 
Ben'ja-min.    [Heb.]   Son  of 

the  right  hand 
Be-ri'ah.  [Heb.]  In  calamitv. 
Ber'nard,  I  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 
Bar'nard.  )     as  a  bear. 
Ber'tram.  [0.  H.  Ger.j  Bright 

raven. 

Be-z^l'e-el.  [Heb  ]  In  the 
shadow  ( protection)  of  God. 

Bon'i-fage.  [Lat.]  A  bene- 
factor. 

c. 

■ead-wal'la-der.  [Brit.]  Bat- 
tle-arranger. 

Q^e'sar.  [Lat.]  Hairy ;  or, 
blue-eyed ;  or,  born  under 
the  cesarean  operation. 

•€a'leb.    [Heb.]   A  dog. 

-Gal'vin.    [Lat.]  Bald. 

Cecil  (se^sil,  sis^il,  or  ses'il). 
[Lat.]  Dim-sighted. 

Qe'phas.  [Aramaic]  A  stone. 

Charle§.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Strong; 
manly ;  noble-spirited. 

■Ghrist'lan.  [Lat.]  Belong- 
ing to  Christ ;  a  believer  in 
Christ.  [ing  Christ. 

■eiirisao-pher.    [Gr.]  Bear- 

■Clar'enge.  [Lat.]  Illustrious. 

■€lem'ent.  [Lat.]  Mild-tem- 
pered; merciful. 

-Con'rad.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 
in  council  ;  resolute. 

■€6n'stant.  [Lat.]  Firm ; 
faithful. 

•€6n'stan-tme.  [Lat.]  Res- 
olute ;  firm. 

■Cor-ne'li-us  (or  kor-neey- 
yus).    [Lat.]  [Uncertain.) 


son,  or,  dQ,  wglf,  too,  tOt>k  ;  tirn,  rye,  p\ill ;     ^,^soft;     g,  hard;     ;  exist ;  n  ng 

(323) 


this. 


S24 


-Guth'bert.    [A.-S.]  Koted 

spleudor. 
gyiD'ri-an.  [Gr.]  Of  Cyprus. 
Q/r'il.    [Gr.]  Lordly. 
Qy'rus.    [Per.]    The  sun. 

D. 

Dan.    [Heb.]  A  judge. 

Dan'i-el  (or  dar/yel).  [Heb.] 
A  divine  judge. 

Da-ri'us.    [Per.]  Preserver. 

Da'vid.    [Heb.]  Beloved. 

De-me'tri-us.  [Gr.]  Belong- 
ing to  Ceres. 

Den'is,    I  [Gr.]  Same  as  Di- 

Den'nis. )  onysius.  [Fr. 
form.] 

Der'rick.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  A 
corruption  of  Theodoric. 

DFo-nys'i-us  (-iiizh/l-us). 
[Gr.]  Belonging  to  Dio- 
nysos,  the  god  of  wine. 

D6n'ald.  [Celt.]  Proud  chief. 

Dun'^an  (diink/an).  [Celt.] 
Brown  chief. 


COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 


E. 


Eb'en.    [Heb.]  A  stone, 
fib'en-e'zer.     [Heb.]  The 

stone  of  help. 
Ed'gar.  [A.-S.]  A  javelin  (or 

protector)  of  property. 
Ed'mund.   [A.-S.]  Defender 

of  property, 
fid'ward.    [A.-S.]  Guardian 
of  property.  [property. 
Ed'win.    [A.-S.]    Gainer  of 
Eg'bert.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  The 
sword's  brightness ;  famous 
with  the  sword. 
El'bert.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  The 

same  as  Albert. 
EPdred.   [A.-S.]  Terrib  e. 
E/le-a'zer.  [Heb.]  To  whom 

God  is  a  help. 
E'lT.   [Heb.]   A  foster  son. 
E-H'ab.    [Heb.]    God  is  his 
father. 

E-li'as.     [Heb.]    The  same 
as  ELIJAH.  ^  [LoM. 

E-li'hu.  [Heb.]  .God  the 
E-li'jah.  [Heb.]  Jehovah  is 
mv  God.  [salvation 
E-li'pba-let.  [Hob.]  God  of 
E-li'sha.  [Heb.]  God  my 
salvation. 


E-li'zur.    [Heb.]    God  is  my 
rock.  [of  ELISHA. 

El'lis.    [Heb.]    A  variation 
El'mer.    [A.-S.]  Noble ;  ex- 
cellent.   [A  contraction  oi 
ETflELMER.] 

Ei'na-than.  [Heb.]  God  gave. 
Em-man'u-el.    [Heb.]  God 

with  us. 
Km'er-y,     )  [a.-S.]  Power- 
Em'mer-y,  \'       .  rich. 
Em'o-ry.  ) 

E'no€h.  [Heb.]  Consecrated; 

dedicated. 
E'nos.    [Heb.]    Man.  [ful. 
E'phra-im.  [Heb.]  A'ery  fruit- 
E-ra§'mus.    [Gr.]    Lovely  ; 

w^orthy  to  be  loved. 
E-ras'tus.     [Gr.]    Lovely  ; 

amiable.  [powertul. 
E'ri€.    [A.  S.]  Rich  ;  brave  ; 
Er'nest.    [Ger.]  Earnest. 
E'than.    [Heb.]    Firmness  ; 

strength. 
Eu'gene,  or  Eu-gene'.  [Gr.] 

Well-born  ;  noble. 
Eiis'tage.    [Gr.]    Healthy ; 

strong;  standing  firm . 
Ev'an.   [Brit.]    The  same  as 
JOHN.  [of  God. 

E-ze'ki-eL  [Heb.]  Strength 
Ez'ra.    [Heb.]  Help. 


F. 


Fe'lix.  [Lat.]  Happy  ;  pros- 
perous. 

Eer'di-nand.    [0.  H.  Ger.] 

Brave  ;  valiant. 
Fer-nan'do.    [0.  H.  Ger.] 

The  same  as  Ferdinand. 
Fes'tus.  [Lat.]  Joyful;  glad. 
Fran'gis.   [Fr.]  Free. 
Frank.   [Fr.]   A  contraction 

of  "Francis. 
FrSd'er-i€,   1  [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Fred'er-ick.  )  Abounding 

in  peace  ;  or,  peaceful  ruler. 

G. 

Ga'bri-el.  [Heb.]Manof  God. 
Ga'ius  (g^i'yus).    [Lat.]  Pve- 
ioiccd. 

Ga-ma'li-eL   [Heb.]  Recom- 
pense of  God. 
Gar'ret.   [0.  H.  Ger.]  An- 
other form  of  Gerald 


Geof'irey.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  The 

same  as  Godfrey. 

George.  [Gr.]  A  landholder; 
husbandman. 

Ger'ald,  I  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Strong 

(ier'ard.  )     with  the  spear. 

Ger'shom.   [Heb.]  An  exile. 

Gid'e-on.  [Heb.]  A  de- 
stroyer. 

GiPbert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Yel- 
low-bright;  famous. 

Giles.    [Gr.]   A  kid. 

Giv'en.  [Eng.]    Gift  of  God. 

God'dard.  [0.  Ger.]  Pious; 
virtuous. 

God'frey.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  At 
peace  with  God. 

Greg'o-ry.  [Ger.]  Watch- 
ful ;  vigilant. 

Griffith.  [Brit.]  Having 
great  faith.        [rior  ;  hero. 

Gus-ta'vus.  [Sw.]  A  war- 
Guy.    [Fr.]  A  leader. 

H. 

Han'ni-bal.  [Punic]  Grace 

of  Baal. 
Har'old.    [A.-S.]    A  cham- 
pion ;  general  of  an  army. 
He'man.  [Heb.]  Faithful. 
Hen'ry.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  The 

head  or  chief  of  a  house. 
Her'bert.  [A.-S.]  Glory  of 
the  army.  [warrior. 
Her'man.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  A 
Hez/e-ki'ah.  [Heb.]  Strength 
of  the  Lord.  [merry. 
HiPa-ry.  [Lat.]  Cheerful ; 
Hi'ram.  [Heb.]  Most  noble. 
Hor'age.     [Gr.]     Same  as 

Horatio.   [Fr.  form.] 
Ho-raai-o(ho-ra/shi-o).  [Gr.] 

(  Uncertain.) 
Ho-se'a.    [Heb.]  Salvation. 
How'ell.     [Brit.]     Sound ; 
whole. 

Hu'bert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bright 

in  spirit ;  soul-bright. 
Hugh  (hu),    )  [D.]    Mind ; 
Hu'go.  )    spirit ;  soul. 

Humph'rey.    [A.-S.]  Pro- 
tector of  the  home. 


I. 

l€h'a-bod.  [Heb.]  The  glory 
has  departed. 


^u,l  viiLiwii.  ^ —  —  


COJMMON  ENGLISH  CHKISTIAN  NAMES. 


325 


[Gr.]  Ardent ;  fiery.  | 
Im-man'u-el.    [lleb.]  The 
^  same  as  Emmanuel. 
|n'gram.   [Teut.]  Raven. 
In'i-go.    [Cir.]    The  same  as 

Ignatius.    [Sp.  form.] 
i'ra.   [Ileb.]  "Watchful. 
I'§aac  (i^'zak).  [Heb.j  Laugh- 
ter. 

I-§a'iah  (T-zu/ya).  [Ileb.]  Sal- 
^  vation  of  the  Lord.  [God. 
I§'ra-eL  [Ileb.]  A  soldier  of 
Iv'an.  [Brit.]  The  same  as 
John.  [Russian  form.] 

J. 

Ja'bez.  [Ileb.]  He  will  cause 
pain. 

Ja.'€ob.  [Ileb.]  A  supplanter. 
Ja'i-rus.   [Ileb.]  lie  will  en- 
lighten. 

Jame§.   [Ileb.]  The  same  as  , 

Jacob.  [ment. 
Ja'pheth.  [Ileb.]  Enlarge- 
Ja'red.  [Heb.]  Descent. 
Ja'son.  [Gr.]  A  healer. 
Jas'per.  [Per.]  (  Uncertain.) 
Ja'van.  [Ileb.]  Clay  ;  supple. 
Jgd^e-di'ah.  [Heb.]  Beloved 

of  the  Lord. 
Jeffrey.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Same 

as  Godfrey. 
Jer^e-mi'ah,  )  [Heb.]  Exalt- 
Jer'e-my.     j      ed  of  the 

Lord. 

Jer'ome  (in  Eng.),  Je-rome' 
(in  Amer.).    Holy  name. 

Jes'se.  [Heb.]  Wealth. 

Jo'ab.  [Heb.]  Jehovah  is  his 
father.  [cuted. 

J5b.  [Heb.]  Afflicted  ;  perse- 

Jo'el.  [Heb.]  The  Lord  is 
God.  [gift  of  God. 

John  (jon).   [Heb.]  Gracious 

~;}  [Ileb.]  A  dove. 

Jon'a-than.  [Heb.]  Gift  of 
Jehovah. 

J5'seph.  [Heb.]  He  shall  add. 

J6sh'u-a.  [Heb.]  God  of  sal- 
vation. 

Jo-si'ah,  )  [Heb.]    Given  of 
Jo-si'as.  )     the  Lord. 
Jo'tham.  [Heb.]  The  Lord  is 

upright. 
Ju'dah.  [Heb.]  Praised.  i 


Ju'li-an.  [Lat.]  Sprung  from,  ! 

or  belonging  to,  Julius. 
Ju'li-us.  [Gr.]  Soft-haired. 
Jus'tin,  )  [Lat.]    JiLst  ;  up- 
Jus'tUS.  j  right. 

K. 

Ken'elm.  [A.-S.]  A  defender 

of  his  kindred. 
Ken'neth.  [Gael.]  A  leader  ; 

commander. 

L. 

La'ban.  [Heb.]  White. 
Lam'bert.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  H- 
lustrious  with  landed  pos- 
sessions. 
Lan'ge-lot.  [It.]  A  little  an- 
gel ;  otherwise,  a  little  lance 
or  warrior  ;  or,  a  servant.  | 
Lau'renge,  I  [Lat.]  Crowned 
Law'reiige.  j     with  laurel.  I 
L^z'a-rus.    [Heb.]    God  will 
help. 

Le-an'der.  [Gr.]  Lion-man. 
Lem'u-el.     [Heb.]  Created 

by  God. 
Leon'ard    (len^ard).  [Ger.] 

Strong  or  brave  as  a  lion. 
Le-6n'i-das.  [Gr.]  Lion-like. 
Le'o-pold.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 

for  the  people. 
Le'vi.  [Heb.]  Adhesion.  See 

Gen.  xxix.  34. 
Lew'is  (loQ/is).   [0.  H.  Ger.] 

Bold  warrior. 
Li'nus.  [Gr.]  Flaxen-haired. 
Li'o-nel.  [Lat.]  Young  lion. 
Llew-el'lyn  (lu-el/lin). 

[Celt.]  Lightning,  [people. 
Lo-am'mi.  [Heb.]  Not  my 
Lo-ren'zo.   [Lat.]  The  same 

as  Laurence. 
L6t.  [Heb.]  A  veil ;  covering. 
Lou'is.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  The  same 

as  Lewis  _  [Fr.  form.] 
Lu'ci-an  nu^shl-an).    [Lat.]  i 

Belonging    to,  or  sprung 

from,  Lucius. 
Lu'ci-us  (lu^shi-lts).  [Lat.] 

Born  at  break  of  day. 
Lu'do-vi€.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

as  Lewis.  [Ger.  form.] 
Lilke.  [Lat.]  Light. 
Lu'ther.    [Ger.]  Illustrious 

warrior. 


Ly-€tir'gus.  [Gr.]  Wolf- 
driver. 

M. 

Ma'do€.  [W.]  Good  ;  benefi- 
cent, [of  the  Lord. 
]Mal'a-€hi.  [Heb.]  Messenger 
Ma-n^s'seh.  [Heb.]  Forget- 
fulness. 

Mar-gel'lus.  [Lat.]  Diminu- 
tive of  Marcus. 

Mar'ci-us (n.ar^thi-Ks).  [Lat.] 
Same  as  Makcus. 

IVIar'-eus,  j  [Lat.]      A  ham- 

IVIark.  j  nier ;  ot/trrivise, 
a  male ;  or,  sprung  from 
Mars. 

IVIar 'ma-duke.    [A.-S.]  A 

mighty  noble. 
]VIar'tin.    [Lat.]    Of  Mars  ; 

warlike. 
IMat'thew  (muth/yij).  [Heb.] 

Gift  of  Jehovah. 
Mat-thi'as  (math-thi/as). 

[Heb.]   Gift  of  the  Lord;  — 

the  same  as  Matthew. 
IVEau'rige.    [Lat.]   Moorish  ; 

dark-colored. 
]V[ax'i-mil'i-an.  [Lat.]  The 

greatest  ^niilianus. 
MV^ah.    [Heb.]   Who  is  like 

the  Lord  ? 
IMi'-eha-el  (or  mi/kel).  [Heb.] 

Who  is  like  God  ? 
IVUleg.    [Lat.]    A  soldier. 
IMor'gan.  [Brit.]  A  seaman  ; 

a  dweller  on  the  sea. 
]V[o'§es.  [Egypt.]  Drawn  out 

of  the  water. 

N. 

Na'hum.  [Heb.]  Consolation. 
Na'than.    [Heb.]    Given  ;  a 
gift. 

Na-than'a-el, )  [Heb.]  The 
Na-than'i-eL  )  gilt  of  God. 
Neal  )  [Lat.]  Dark  :  swarthy  ; 
NeiL  j  othericise  [Celt.], 
Chief.  [of  the  Lord. 

Ne^he-mT'ah.  [Heb.]  Ccmfort 
Ni-eh'o-las,  I  [Gr.]  Victory  of 
Ni-e'o-las.  j  the  people. 
No'ah.  [Heb.]  Rest ;  comfort. 
No'eL  [Lat.  Dies  Anfnlis.] 
Christmas  ;  born  on  Christ- 
mas day. 


son,  or,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tdbk;  fim,  ryje,  pi^ll ;  p,  ^,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  o  a*  ng  ;  tiiis. 


326  COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 


Nor'man.    [Ger.]    A  north- 
man  ;  a  native  of  Normandy. 

0. 

O^ba-di'ah.  [Heb.]  Servant 

of  the  Lord. 
O'bed.    [Heb.]  Serving  God. 
0€-ta'vi-us,  )     [Lat.]  The 
0€-ta'vus.    )  eighth-born. 
Ol'i-ver.     [Lat.]    An  ohve- 

tree.  [aineer. 
0-res'tes.  [Gr.]  A  mount- 
Or-lan'do.    [Tent.]   Same  as 

Rov^^LAND.    [It.  form.] 
6s'€ar.     [Celt.]  Bounding 

warrior. 
Og'mond,  HO.  H.Ger.]  Pro- 
6s'mund-  )     tection  of  God. 
5|'wald.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Power 

of  God. 

Ow'en.  [Celt.]  Lamb  ;  other- 
wise^ young  warrior. 


Patrick.  [Lat.]  Noble  ;  a 
patrician. 

Paul.  [Lat.]  Little.  [Paul. 

Pau-irnus.    [Lat.]    Same  as 

Pe'leg.    [Ileb.]  Division. 

Per'e-gnne.  [Lat.]  A  stran- 
ger. 

Pe'ter.  [Gr  ]  A  rock. 
PhMan'der.  [Gr.]  A  lover  of 
men. 

Phi-le'moa.   [Gr.]   Loving ; 

friendly.  [horses. 
PhiPip.  [Gr.]  A  lover  of 
Phin'e-as,  HUeb.]  Mouth 
Phm'e-has.  )  of  brass 
Pi'us.  [Lat.]  Pious  ;  dutiful. 
PoPy-earp.  [Gr.]  Much  fruit. 
Pre-serv'ed.  [Kng.]  He- 
deemed  ;  saved. 


Reu'ben.    [Heb.]   Behold,  a  1 
son.  1 
Reu'el.  [Heb.]  Priendof  God.  , 
Rgyn'old.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  The  , 

same  as  Reginald.  I 
Rich'ard.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Hich- 

hearted  ;  powerful. 
Il6b'ert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bright 

in  fame. 
R6d'er-i€,   \    [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Rod'er-ick.  )     Rich  in  fame. 
Bo'dolph,      I    [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Bo-d61'phus.  )  Famous 

■wolf,  or  hero. 
Rog'er.     [0.  H.  Ger.]  Fa- 
mous with  the  spear. 
Haaand.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

as  Rowland.  [Fr.  form.] 
Rowland.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Fame 

of  the  land. 
Ru'dolph,       )  [0.  H  Ger.] 
Kii-dSPphus.   )  Variations 

of  RODOLPHUS.  [haired. 
Ru'fus.  [Lat.]  Red;  red- 
Ru'pert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

as  ROBERT. 


s. 


Q. 

Quin'tin.  [Lat.]  The  fifth. 

R. 

Balph  (m  En?r.  often  pron. 
rif.)    [0.  H.  Ger.]   Same  as 
RODOLPHTis.  [ingofGod. 
R3,ph'a-el.  [Heb.]  Theheal- 
Bel'i-nald.      [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Strong  ruler 


SaPmon.  [Heb.]  Shady. 
Sam'son,    J  [Heb.]  Splendid 
Samp'son.  )  sun  ;  i.  e.,  great 

joy  and  felicity. 
Sam'u-el.   [Heb.]   Heard  of 

God  •,  asked  for  of  God. 
Si-ul.    [Heb.]  Asked  for. 
Se'ba.    [Heb.]  Eminent. 
Se-b^s'tian  (-biist/yan).  [Gr.] 

Venerable ;  reverend. 
Se-re'no,   \    [Lat.]  Calm; 
Se-re'nus.  )  peaceful. 
S6th.   [Heb.]  Appointed. 
Sig'is-mund.    [0.  H.  Ger.] 

Conquering  protection.  _ 
SPlas.    [Lat.]   A  contraction 
of  SiLVANUS.        [a  wood. 
Sil-va'nus.  [Lat.]  Living  in 
Sil-v6saer.    [Lat.]    Bred  m 

the  country  ;  rustic. 
Sim'e-on,  )  [Heb.]  Hearing 
SPmon.    )  with  acceptance. 
S6Po-mon.  [Heb.]  Peaceable. 
Ste'phen  (stc^vn).    [Gr.]  A 
I  crown. 
SvPvan,      1    The  same  as 
Syl-va'nus.  j  Silvanus. 
Syl-v6s'ter.     The  same  as 

SfLVESTER. 


Thad'de-'as.  [Syr.]  ThewiF«. 
The'o-bald   {formerly  tib/- 

ald).   [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold  for 

the  people. 
The'o-dore.    [Gr.]   The  gift 

of  God. 

The-6d'o-ri€.  [A.-S.]  Power- 
ful among  the  people. 

The-oph'i-lns.  [Gr.]  A  lover 
of  God. 

The'ron.   [Gr.]   A  hunter. 

Thom'as  (torn/as).  [Heb.]  A 
twin.  "  [God. 

Tim'o-thy.     [Gr.]  Fearing 

TPtus.  [Gr.]  (Uncertain.) 

To-bPah,  )   [Heb.]  Distin- 

To-bPas.  j  guished  of  the 
I  Lord. 

I  Tris'tam,  )   [Lat.]    Grave  ; 

Tris'tram.  )  pensive  ;  mel- 
ancholy ;  sorrowful ;  sad. 

Tyb'alt.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  A  con- 
traction of  Theobald. 

u. 

U-lys'se§.  [Gr.]  A  hater. 
•O'r'ban.  [Lat.]  Of  the  town; 

courteous :  polished. 
TJ-rPah.  [Heb.]  Light  of  the 
Lord.  i^^^^^^' 
tT'ri-an.  [Dan.]  A  husband- 
tT'ri-el.  [Heb.]  Light  of  God. 

V. 

VaPen-tme.  [Lat.]  Strong; 

healthy  ;  powerful. 
Vi€'tor.  [Lat.]  A  conqueror. 
Vin'gent.  [Lat.]  (Conquering. 
Viv'i-an.  [Lat.]  Lively. 


WaPter.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  RulinR 
the  host. 

WilPiam.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Reso- 
lute helmet,  or,  helmet  of 
resolution ;    defense  ;  pro- 

Win'frgd.  [A.-S.]  Win-peace. 


Z&b'di-eL    [Heb.]    Gift  of 
God. 


Diroii}^  I  U.IX-L .  •   .  —7  ^ 


COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES.  327 


Za€-«lie'us.  [Ileb.]  Inno- 
cent ;  pure. 

Zach^a-ri'ah,  \   [Heb.]  Re- 

Z^€h'a-ry.  )  memberedof 
the  Lord. 

Za'dok.    [Heb.]  Just. 


Z6b^a-dl'ah, )  [Heb.]  Gift  of 
Z6b'e-dee.    I     the  Lord. 
Z6€h/a-ri'ah.    [Ueb.]  Same 

as  Zachariah. 
Zgd^e-ki'ah.  [Ueb.]  Justice 

of  the  Lord. 


Ze-16'te§.    [Gr.]   A  aealot. 
Ze'nas.    [Gr.]    Gift  of  Ju- 
piter. 

Z6ph/a-nPah.  [Ueb.]  Hid  of 
the  Lord. 


II.  NAMES  OF  WOMEN. 


A. 

Ab'i-gail  (ab/i-gel).  [Heb.] 

My  father's  joy. 
Aeh'sa.    [Heb.]  Anklet. 
A'da.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same  as 

Edith.  Jas  Adeline. 
Ad'a-line.  [0.  H.  Ger.j  Same 
Ad'e-la.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same  as 

Adeline,  [as  Adeline. 
Ad'e-laide.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Sake 
A-de'li-a    [0.  H.  Ger.]  X 

variation  of  Adela. 
Ad/e-li'na,  j  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Of 
Ad'e-llne.  j    noble  birth;  a 

princess, 
Ag'a-tha.  [Gr.]  Good ;  kind. 

rAg'ne§.   [Gr.]  Chaste;  pure. 
Al'e-the'a.    [Gr.]  Truth. 
APex-an'dra,     I  [Gr.] 
APex-an-dri'n^.  j  Feminine 

of  Alexander. 
Al'ige,  )    [0.  H. 

A-liQ'i-a  (-Hsha-).  j  Ger.] 

Same  as  Adeline. 
Al-mi'ra.    [Ar.]    Lofty ;'  a 

princess. 
Al-tlie'a.    [Gr.]   A  healer; 
Am'a-bgl.    [Lat.]  Lovable; 

amiable.  [to  be  loved. 

A-mS>n'da.  [Lat.]  Worthy 
A  me'li-a  (or  a-meeFya).  [0. 

H.  Ger.]  Busy;  energetic. 
A'my.    [Lat.]  Beloved. 
An-gel'i-ea,  j  [Gr.]  Lovelf ; 
An^ge-li'na.  )    angelic.  . 
Ann,    )  [Heb.]  Grace ;  —  t"he 
An'i^a,  [    same    as  H4N- 
Anne.  )    nah.  j 
An-nei*e'.  [Heb.]  A  valua- 
tion of  Anne.    [Fr.  form.] 
An'toi-nette'.    [Gr.]  Dim. 
of  Antonia.      [Fr.  fortn.] 


An-to'ni-a,  )  [Lat.]  Inesti- 
An^o-ni'na.  j  mable. 
Ar'a-b^l'la.  [Lat.]  A  fair 
altar ;  otherwise,  an  Arabian 
_  woman.  [ofARlADNE. 
A'ri-S-n'a.  [Gr.]  A  corruption 
Au-gus'ta.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
"of  AUGUSTUS. 

Au-re'li-a    {or  aw-reePya). 
"■[Lat.]    Feminine  of  AURE- 
•LIUS. 

Au-ro'ra.     [Lat.]  Morning 
redness  ;  fresh  ;  brilliant. 

I  ^- 

:^ar'ba-ra.    [Gr.]   Foreign ; 

■  strange. 

tee'a-triQe, )  [Lat.]  Making 
Be'a-trix.  j  happy. 
Be-lm'da.    {Uncertain.)  - 
^er'tha.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bright. 
Bet'sey.  [Heb.]  A  corruption 
^f  Elizabeth. 

BrMg'et.  [Celt.]  Strength. 

\  c. 

Ca-iiiPla.  [Lat.]  Attendant 

at  asacrilBce. 
■ear'oi-lme.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Fem- 

ininjb  of  Carolus,  the  Latin 

of  piarles.  [Fr.  form.] 
•€as-san'dra.  [Gr.]  She  who 

inflames  with  love. 
•€§,tli^a-ri'na, ) 
•€atH'a-rIne,  [  [Gr.]  Pure, 
■eath'er-me.  ) 
Qe-^il'i-a,  I  [Lat.]  Feminine 
Ce^i-ly.   )    of  Cecil. 
Q^Hes'tine.  [Lat.]  Heavenly. 


ge'li-a  (or  seeFyS).  [Lat.] 
Feminine  of  CaSLius.  [It. 
form.] 

Ch^r'i-tj^.  [Eng.]  Love. 

ghar'lotte.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Fem. 
of  Charles.  [blooming. 

•Ghlo'e.  [Ger.]  A  green  herb; 

■ehris^ti-an'a,  I  [Gr  ]  Fem. 

€hris-ti'na.  j  of  Chris- 
t  I  anus,  Lat.  for  Christian. 

giQ'e-ly.  [Ljit.]  A  corruption 
of  Cecilia.  [trious. 

€iar'a.  [Lat.]  Bright;  illus- 

■eiar'ige,    )  [Lat.]    A  varia- 

■eia-ris'sa. }  tion  of  Clara. 

■€lau'di-a.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
oif  Claudius. 

■eiem^en-ti'na, )  [Lat.] Mild; 

■eiem'en-tine.  )  gentle. 

■eSn'stange.  [Lat.]  Firm ; 
constant. 

■eo'ra.  [Gr.]  Maiden; — an- 
other form  of  CORINNA. 

■Gor-de'li-a  {or  -deePya). 
[Lat.]  Warm-hearted. 

•€o-rm'na.   [Gr.]  Maiden. 

■eor-ne'li-a  (or  -neel'ya). 
[Lat.]  Feminine  of  Corne- 
lius. [Mt.  Cynthus. 

Qyn'thi-a.  [Gr.]  Belonging  to 

D. 

Deb'o-rah.    [Heb.]   A  bee. 
De'li-a  (or  deel^ya).  [Gr.]  Of 
Delos. 

Dl-an'a.  [Lat.]  Goddess. 
Di'nah.  [Heb.]  Judged. 
Do'ra.    [Gr.]    A  contraction 

of  Dorothea. 
Dor'cas.    [Gr.]    A  gazelle. 
Do-rin'da.    [Gr.]    Same  as 

Dorothea. 


son,  8r,  do,  wglf,  too,  tdbk ;  to,  rije,  p\ill ;  9,     soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  c     ng  ;  tiiis. 


328         COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAIMES. 


DSr^o-the'a, 
D6r'o-thy. 


[Gr.]  The  gift 
:    of  God. 


E. 


E'dith.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Happi- 
ness ;  otherwise,  rich  gift. 
Ed'na.    [Heb.]  Pleasure. 
£l'e-a-nor,  I  [Gr.]   Light ;  — 
El'i-nor.     j     the  same  as 

Helen. 
E-Hs'a-beth, )  [Heb.]  Wor- 
E-liz^a-beth,  \  shiper  of  God ; 
E-li'za.  )  consecrated  to 

God.  [of  Eleanor. 

El'la.  [Gr.]  A  contraction 
El'len.    [Gr.]    A  diminutive 

of  Eleanor. 
El-vl'ra.    [Lat.]  T\Tiite. 
£m'e-line,    )   [0.  H.  Ger.] 
£m'me-line. )      Energetic  ; 

industrious. 
£m'i-ly.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

as  Emeline. 
Sim'ma.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

as  Emeline. 
Er'nes-fine.    [Ger.]  Femi- 
nine and  dim.  of  Ernest. 
Esther    les^ter).    [Per.]  A 

Ftar ;  good  fortune, 
fith'el.  [0  H.  Ger.]  Noble  ; 
of  noble  birth  ;  —  the  same  i 
as  Adela.  I 
fith'e-lmd,    )  [Teut.]  Noble 
Eth/e-lin'da.  )  snake. 
Eu-d5'ra.    [Gr.]   Good  gift. 
Eu-ge'ni-a.  [Gr.]  Eemiume 

of  Eugene. 
Eu-ge'me    [Gr.]    Same  as 

Eugenia.    [Fr.  form.] 
Eu'niQe.    [Gr.]   Happy  tIc- 
tory.  [report. 
Eu-phe'mi-a.  [Gr.]  Of  good 
E'va.    [Heb.]  Life. 
E-van'ge-line.  [Gr.]  Bring- 
ing glad  news. 
Eve.  [Heb.]   Same  as  Eva. 
fiv^e-li'na,  )  [Heb.]  Diminu- 
£v'e-line.  i    tive  of  Eva. 
[It.  form.] 


Ean'ny.  [Ger.]  A  diminutive 

of  Frances. 
Eaus-ti'na.   [Lat.]  Lucky. 
Ee-lic'i-a  (fe-lish/i-a).  [Lat.] 

Happiness. 


n-de'li-a  (or -deeFya).  [Lat.] 

Faithful. 
F15'ra.    [Lat.]  Flowers. 
Flor'enge.  [Lat.]  Blooming; 

flourishing.  [Francis. 
rran'Qe§.  [Ger.l  Feminine  of 
Fred'er-Pca.    [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Feminine  of  FREDERICK. 

G. 


Geor/gi-an'a,  I  [Gr.]  Femi- 
6e6r-gi'na.    j       nine  of 
George.  [Gerald. 
Ger'al-dme.    Feminine    of  i, — ,  , 

Ger'trude.      [0.  H.  Ger.]  i  J6'§e-phiiie.  J 

Spear-maiden.        [heroine.  SEPH. 
Gri-seFda.    [Teut.]    Stone-  Joy^e.    [Lat.]  Sportive, 
uribCiua     L        J  Ju'dith.    [Heb.]  Praised, 

H. 


Jan'et  (m  Eng.).  [Heb.] 
Dim.  of  JANE. 
Jaq'ue-line.    [Heb.]  Femi- 
nine of  James.  [Fr .  form.] 
Jean,  )  [Heb.]  Same 

Jeanne,       }    as  Jane  or 
Jean-nette'.  )    Joan.  [Fr. 
forms.] 

Je-mi'ma.  [Heb.]  A  dove. 
Je-ru'sha.  [Heb.]  Possessed; 

married. 
Joan  (jpn),  j  rj^^^^ 
Jo-an'na,       mneof  John. 
Jo-han'na.  ) 

Jo-se'pha,     I  [Heb.]  Femi- 
nine of  Jo- 


Han'nah. 

as  ANNA 
Har'ri-et, 
Har'ri-ot, 


[Heb.]   The  same 


\  [Per.] 
]  The 

Feminine 

Honor- 


[O.H.Ger.]  Fem- 
inine and  dimin- 
utive of  Henry. 

Hen/ri-et'ta.  [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Feminine  and  diminutive  of 
HENRY.  [Fr.  form.] 

Heph'zi-bah.  [Heb.]  My  de- 
light is  in  her. 

Hes'ter 

Hes'ther  (hes/ter). 

same  as  ESTHER 
Hi-la'ri-a.  [Lat.] 

of  Hilary. 
Ho-n5'ra,   \  [Lat.] 
Ho-no'ri-a.  I  able. 
Hor-ten'si-a  (hor-ten/shi-a). 

[Lat.]  A  lady  gardener. 
Hul'dah.   [Heb.]  A  weasel. 

I. 

I'da.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Godlike. 
I'nez.  [Gr.]  Same  as  Agnes. 

[Portuguei^e  form.] 
I-re'ne.    [Gr.]  Peaceful. 
Is'a-bel,     )  [Heb.]  The  same 
Ig^a-bel'la.  j  asELizABETH. 

J. 

Jane.    [Heb.]    Feminine  of 
John  ;  —  same  as  JOANNA. 
Ja-n6t'  [in  Scot.  &  U.  S.), 


Jul'i-a  (or  jul/ya).  [Lat.]  Fem- 
inine of  JULIUS. 
Juai-an'na.  [Lat.]  Feminine 

of  Julian. 
Ju'li-et.    [Lat.]  Diminutive 

of  JULIA.    [Fr.  form.] 
Jus-ti'na.    [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  JUSTIN. 

K. 

Kath'a-rine, )  [Gr.]  The 
Kath'er-ine.  )         same  as 

Catharine. 
Ke-tu'rah.    [Heb.]  Incense. 
Ke-zi'ah.    [Heb.]  Cassia. 


Lau'ra.    [Lat.]   A  laurel. 

Lau-rm'da.  [Lat.]  A  varia- 
tion of  LAURA. 

La-vm'i-a.  [Lat.]  Of  Latium. 

Le/o-n5'ra.  [Gr.]  The  same 
as  Eleanor. 

Le-ti'ti-a  (le-tish/i-a).  [Lnt.] 
Happiness.  [Letitia. 

Let'tige.    A   corruption  of 

Lo'is.  [Gr.]  Good ;  desirable. 
Lou-i'ga,  \  [0.  H.  Ger.]  F.  m- 
Lou-ise'.  )  inine  of  LoT  i?. 
Lu'ci-a  (-shi-a).  [Lat.]  tSume 

as  Lucy.    [It.  form  ] 
Lu-Qin'da.    [Lat.]    Same  as 

Lucy. 

Lu-ere'ti-a  (-kro/shi-).  [Lat.] 
Gain  ;  ot/ienvise,  light. 


TITiXs ,^>f^ '1'^''  all,  wh^t ;  £re,  viil,  term  ;  p .que,  firm ; 


COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES.  329 


Lu'gy.    [I^at.]    Feminine  of 

Lucius. 
Lyd'i-a.    [Gr.]    A  native  of 

Lydia,  in  Asia  Minor. 

M. 

Ma'bel.  [Lat.]  A  contraction 

of  AMABEL. 

Mad'e-llne.  [Ueb.]  Same  as 
Magdalene.    [Fr.  form.] 

Mag'da-lene  [properly  uulg^- 
da-lG'ne).  [Ileb.]  Belong- 
ing to  Magdala. 

Mar-gel'la.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Marcellus. 

Mar'ci-a  (-shi-).  Feminine 
of  Marcius. 

Mar'ga-ret.    [Gr.]   A  pearl. 

Ma-ri'a.  [Ueb.]  The  same 
as  Mary.    [Lat.  form.] 

Ma^ri-anne'.  [Ueb.]  A  com- 
pound of  Mary  and  Anne. 

Mar'i-on.  [Ileb.]  A  French 
form  of  Mary. 

Mar'tha.  [Ileb.]  The  ruler  of 
the  house  ;  otherwise^  sor- 
rowful ;  melancholy. 

Ma'ry.  [Ileb.]  Bitter;  o«/i^r- 
wise^  their  rebellion ;  or  star 
of  the  sea. 

Ma-thiKda  (-tiP-),  )    [0.  H. 

Ma-tiFda.  )  Ger.] 

Mighty  battle-maid. 

Maud.  A  contraction  of  MA- 
THILDA, or  of  Magda- 
lene. 

May.  The  month  of  May,  or 

a  diminutive  of  Mary. 
Me-het'a-bel,  )  [Ueb.]  Bene- 
Me-hit'a-ble.  )  fitedofGod. 
Mel'i-gent.     [Lat.]  Sweet 

singer  ;   otherwise  [Teut.], 

work -strength. 
Me-lis'sa.    |Gr.]   A  bee. 
Mil'dred.  [Ger.]  Mildthreat- 

ener. 

Mi-ran'da.  [Lat.]  Admirable. 
Mir'i-am.    [Heb.]    Same  as 
Mary.  [or  laments. 

My'ra.  [Gr.]  She  who  weeps 

N. 

KSn'Qy.   A  familiar  form  of 

ANNE. 

No'ra.  A  contraction  of  Ho- 
NORA,  and  of  LEONORA 


n  I  Sib'yl,      )  [Gr.]  A  prophet 

^'  \  Si-byl'la.  )  ess. 

0€-ta'vi-a.  [Lat.]  Feminine  \  So-phi'a.    [Gr.]  Wisdom. 


of  OCTAVIUS. 

^}yi^  .  ![Lat.]  An  olive. 
0-liv'i-a.  j 

0-pbe'li-a (or  o-feel'ya).  [Gr.] 

Serpent. 
0-lym'pi-a.  [Gr.]  Heavenly. 


Pau-li'na, )  [Lat.]  Feminine 
Pau-line'.  )    of  Paul i  nus. 
Pe-n61'o-pe.  [Gr.]  A  weaver. 
Phe'be.    [Gr.]    The  same  as 
PHCEBE.         [of  Philip.  I 
PhMip'pa.    [Gr.]  Feminine 
Phoe'be.    [Gr.]    Pure ;  radi- 
ant, [bough. 
PhyPlis.     [Gr.]     A  green 
P61'ly.  [Eng.]  A  variation  of 
Molly,  from  Mary.  [old. 
Pris-Qil'la.  [Lat.]  Somewhat 

R. 

Ra'chel.    [Ileb.]    A  ewe. 
E,e-be€'€a,  I  [Ileb.]    Of  en- 
Re-bek'ah.  j  chanting 
beauty. 

Rho'da  (roMa).  [Gr.]  A  rose. 

Il5'§a.    [Lat.]    A  rose. 

R6§'a-b61,     I  [Lat.]   A  fair 

Ros/a-bel'la.  )  rose. 

Ro-sa'li-_a,  )  [Lat.]  Little  and 

E6§'a-lie.  )  blooming  rose. 
[Fr.  and  It.  forms.] 

R6s'a-lind.  [Lat.]  Beauti- 
fiil  as  a  rose. 

R6s'a-niond.  [Teut.]  Horse- 
protection ;  i.  e.j  famous 
protection.  [day. 

Rox-an'a.    [Per.]   Dawn  of 

Ruth.    [Heb.]  Beauty. 


[Gr.J    Of  a 


s. 

[Lat.] 


A  Sabine 


Sa-bi'na. 

woman. 
Sa-lome'  (properly  sa-lo''me). 
[Heb.]  Peaceful. 

i^^th.^Heb.]  A  princess. 
Se-li'na.      [Gr.]      Parsley ; 

othericise,  moon. 
Se-re'na.    [Lat.]    Feminine  Ze-no'bi-a. 


So-phro'ni-a. 

sound  mind. 
Stel'la.    [Lat.]   A  star. 
Steph'a-na.  [Gr.]  Feminine 

of  Stephen. 
Su'san,  ) 
Su-san'na,     [  [Heb.]  A  lily. 
Su-§aii'nah.  ) 

T. 

T&b'i-tha.  [Syr.]  A  gazelle. 
The'o-do'ra.  [Gr.]  Feminine 

of  THEODORE. 

The/Q-do'gi-a  (-do^zhi-aj. 
[Or.]    Gift  of  God. 

The-re'sa.  [Gr.]  Carrying 
ears  of  com. 

Thom'a-sa  (torn/-), )  [Heb.] 

Th6m'a-§me.  j  Femi- 
nine of  'J  IIOMAS. 

Try-phe'na.  [Gr.]  Delicate; 
luxurious.      [ous  ;  dainty. 

Try-ph6'§a.    [Gr.]  Luxuri- 

u. 

tJl'ri-ea.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bich. 
U-ra'ni-a.   [Gr.]   Heavenly ; 

—  name  of  one  of  thf  Wu?e8. 
t5'r'su-la.    [Lat.]  She-bcir. 

V. 

Va-le'ri-a.   [Lat.]  Feminine 

of  Valerius. 
Vi€-t6'ri-a.  [  Lat.]  Victory  ; 

feminine  of  A'icTOR. 
Vi'o-la.    [Lat.]    A  violet. 
Vir-gin'i-a.    [Lat.]    Virgin ; 

pure. 

Viv'i-an.    [Lat.]  Lively. 

w. 

Wn/hel-mi'na.    [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Feminine    of  Wilhelm, 
German  of  William. 
Wm'i-fred.   [Teut.]  A  lover 
of  peace. 


of  Sere  nus  or  Sereno. 


life  from  Jupiter. 


z. 

[Gr.]  Haling 


85n,  or,  dQ,  w(?lf,  too,  tdbk ;  Qm,  rije,  pi^ll ;  g,     soji;  €,  g,  hard;  aj  ;  exist  \  n  05  ng ; 


thi3. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 

(See  page  xii.) 


A.  1 

o.,  or  @.  i-^d.)  To  or  at 
a.  or  ad.     {Ana.,  Gr,  ava.) 

^In  med. ,  Of  each  the  same 

quantit3^ 
A.  A.  G.  Assistant  Adjutant 

General. 
A.   A.    S.  [Academi^e  Amer- 
icans Socius. )  Fellow  of  the 

American  Academy. 
A.  B.  (Artium  Baccalaureus.) 

Bachelor  of  Arts. 
A.  B.  C.  F.  M.  American 

Board  of  Commissioners  for 

Foreign  Missions. 
Abp.  Archbishop. 
A.  C.  [Ante  Christum.)  Before 

■  Christ. 
Acc.  or  Acct.  Account. 
Act.,  or  act.  Active. 
A.  D.  {Anno  Domini.)  In  the 

year  of  our  Lord. 
Ad  lib.  {Ad  libitum.)  At 

pleasure. 
Adm.  Admiral. 
Admr.  Admiiii.^trator. 
Admx.  Administratrix. 

or  Mt.  {JEtatis.)  Of  age  ; 

aged. 

Al.^  or  Ala.  Alabama. 

A.  M.  {Artium  Ma^ister.) 
Master  of  Arts.  —  ( Ante 
Meridiem.)  Before  noon. 

Amer.  American. 

Amt.  Amount. 

Anon.  Anonymous. 

Am.  Answer. 

Apr.  April. 

Ark.  Arkansas. 

Asst.  Assistant. 

A.  U.  C.  {Ab  Urbe  Condi tfi.) 
In  the  year  from  the  build- 
ing of  the  city,  i.  e.,  Rome. 

Aug.  August. 
Av.  Avenue. 

B. 

h.  born. 

B.  A.  British  America  ; 
Bachelor  of  Arts. 

Bart.,  or  Bl  Baronet. 
(330) 


Bbl.    Barrel,  barrels. 
B.  C.    Before  Christ.  [Law, 
B.  C.  L.     Bachelor  of  Civil 
B.  D.    Bachelor  of  Divinity. 
Bd.    Bond  ;  Bound. 
Bk.    Bank  ;  Book. 
B.  L.    Bachelor  of  Laws. 
Bl.  Barrel. 
Bp.  Bishop. 
Br.,  or  Bro.  Brother. 
Brig.    Brigade;  Brigadier. 
Brig.'  Gen.  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. 

Brit.    Britain  ;  British. 


C.  {Centum.)    A  hundred; 
Cent. 

Cal.  California ;  — (  Calendx.) 

Calends. 
Cant.  Canticles. 
Capt.  Captain. 
Cat.  Catalogue. 
Cath.  Catholic. 
C.  A.  S.    { Connecticuttensts 

Academim  Socix.)  Fellow  of 

the  Connecticut  Academy. 
C.  C.  P.   Court  of  Common 

Pleas. 

C.  E.     Canada  East;  CItU 

Engineer. 
Cent.  {  Centum.)  A  hundred. 
Cf.  or  cf.  {  Confer.)  Compare. 
C.  H.  Court-liouse ;  Custom- 

Ilouse. 
Cli.    Church  ;  Chapter. 
Chap.  Chapter. 
Chron.  Chronicles. 
C.  J.    Chief  .Justice. 
I  Cld.  or  eld.  Cleared. 
I  C.  M.    Common  Meter. 
Co.    Company  ;  County. 
C.  O.  D.     Cash  (or  Collect) 

on  Delivery. 
Col.    Colonel;  Colosaians. 
Coll.    College;  Collector. 
Comp.    Compare ;  Compara- 
tive :  Compound. 
Con.  { Contra.)   Against;  In 

opposition. 
Con.,  or  Cr.  Contra;  Credit. 


Conn.,  Con.,  or  Ct.  Connec- 
ticut. 

Const.  Constable;  Constitu- 
Cor.  Corinthians.  [tion. 
Cor.  Mem.  Corresponding 
Member.  [retary. 
Cor.  Sec.  Corresponding  Sec- 
Cos.  Cosine. 

C.  P.  Court  of  Probate ; 
Common  Pleas. 

Cr.    Credit;  Creditor. 

Crim.  Con.  Criminal  Con- 
versation, or  Adultery. 

C.  S.  Court  of  Sessions.— 
{Custos  Sigilli.)  Keeper  of 
the  Seal. 

Ct.  Connecticut ;  Count ; 
Court.  [A  hundred. 

Ci.,  or  ct.  Cent.  —  (  Centum.) 

Cts.,  or  cts.  Cents. 

C.  W.    Canada  West. 

Cwt.,  or  cwt.  {h&t.  Centum, 
a  hundred,  and  English 
weight. )  A  hundred  weight. 

Cyc.  Cyclopaedia. 

D. 

jD.,  or  d.  {Denarius  or  de- 
narii.) A  penny,  or  pence. 
Dan.    Danish;  Daniel. 

D.  C.  District  of  Columbia. 
—  {Da  Capo.)  Again,  or 
From  the  beginning. 

D.  C.  L.  Doctor  of  Civil  (or 
Canon)  Law. 

D.  D.  {Divinitatis  Doctor.) 
Doctor  of  Divinity. 

Dea.  Deacon. 

Dec.  December. 

Deft.,  or  deft.  Defendant. 

Del.    Delaware  ;  Delegate. 

Del.  {Delineavit.)  He  (or 
she)  drew  it;— prefixed  to 
the  draughtsman's  name. 

Dep.    Deputy  ;  Department. 

Dept.  Department  ;  Depo- 
nent. 

Deut.  Deuteronomy. 
D ft.,  or  d ft.  Defendant. 
D.  G.    {Dei  Gratia.)  By  the 
grace  of  God. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


331 


Diet.  Dictionary. 
J).  31.    Doctor  of  Music. 
Do.,  or  do.     {Ditto.)  The 
same. 

DoLs.,  or  dels.  Dollars. 

Doz.,  or  doz.  Dozen. 

Dr.    Debtor;  Doctor;  Dram. 

Dwt.  (Lat.  Denarius  and 
English  weight.)  Penny- 
weight 

E. 


Fr.    France ;  French. 

F.  R.  G.  Fellow  of  the 

Royal  Geographical  Society. 

Fri.    Friday.  [Society. 

F.  R.  S.   Fellow  of  the  Uo\  al 

F.  R.  S.  E.  Fellow  of  the 
Royal  Society,  Edinburgh. 

F.  R.  S.  L.  Fellow  of  the 
Royal  Society  of  Literature. 

F.  S.  A.  Fellow  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Arts. 

Ft.,  or  ft.    Foot,  feet ;  Fort. 


J.  H.  S.  {lesus  [or  Jesus] 
Hominum  Salvator.)  Jesus 
the  Savior  of  Men. 

111.  Illinois. 

In.    Inch,  inches. 

Ind.  Indiana. 

incog,  {incognito.)  Unknown. 
In  Urn.  (In  limine.)    At  the 
outset. 

/.  N.  R.  I.  {lesns  [or  Jesus] 
Nazarenus,  Rex  ludsco- 
rum  [or  Judxorum  ] . )  J  esus 
of  Nazareth,   King  of  the 

inst.    Instant.  [Jews. 

lo.  Iowa. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  [as. 
?:.  q.  (idem  quod.)     The  same 
Is.,  or  Isa.  Isaiah. 
It.\oT  Ital.    Italian  ;  Italic. 

J. 

/.  Judge. 

J.  A.    Judge  Advocate. 

Jan.  January. 

/.  C.   Jesus' Christ. 

/.  C.  D.  (Juris  Cirilis  Doc- 
tor.) Doctor  of  Civil  IjSlw. 

J.  D.  (Juru7n  Doctor.)  Doc- 
tor of  Laws. 

Jer.  Jeremiah. 

J.  P.    Justice  of  the  Peace. 

/.  Frob.  Judge  of  Probate. 

Jr.,  or  jr.  Junior. 

/.  U.  D.  (Juris  Utri usque 
Doctor.)  Doctor  of  Both 
Laws  (i.  e.,  the  Canon  and 
the  Civil  Law.) 

Jud.  Judith. 

Judg.  Judges. 

Jun.,  Junr.  Junior. 

K. 

K.  King. 

Kan.  Kansas. 

K.  C.    King's  Council. 

K.  C.  B.  Knight  Comman- 
der of  the  Bath. 

Ken.,  or  Ky.  Kentucky. 

K.  G.  C.  Knight  of  the 
Grand  Cross. 

Ki.  Kings. 

Knt.,ov  Kt.  Knight. 

Ky.  Kentucky. 

Ii. 

L.    Lady  ;  Latin  ;  Lord. 


East;  Earl. 
EcgL,  or  Eccles.  Ecclesiastes  ; 

Ecclesiastical. 
Ecclus.  Ecclesiasticus. 
Ed.    Editor ;  Edition. 
E.  E.    Errors  excepted  ;  Ells 

EngUsh.  [example. 
e.  g.  (exempli  gratia.)  For 
E.  I.     East  Indies,  or  East 

India. 

E.  I.  C.  East  India  Company. 
E.  Lon.    East  longitude. 
E.  N.  E.  East-North-East. 
Eng.    England ;  English. 
Eph.    Epliesians  ;  Ephraim. 
Esd.  Esdras. 
E.  S.  E.  East-South-East. 
Esq. ,  or  Esqr.  Esquire. 
Esth.  Esther. 

et  al.  (et  alibi.)  And  else- 
where.—  (et  alii,  or  alia;.) 
And  others. 

Etc.,  etc.,  or  ^c.  (Et  cxteri, 
cxterse,  or  cxtera.)  And 
others  ;  and  so  forth ;  and 
the  like. 

et  seq.  (et  sequ^ntes,  or  et 
sequentia. )  And  the  follow- 
ing. 

Ex.    Example ;  Exodus. 
Exec. ,  or  Exr.  Executor. 
Execx.  Executrix. 
Exod.  Exodus. 
Ez.,  or  Ezr.  Ezra. 
Ezek.  Ezekiel. 


F. 

Fahr.  Fahrenheit. 

F.  A.  S.  Fellow  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Arts. 

Feb.  February. 

Fee,  or  fee.  (Fecit.)  He  (or 
she)  did  it. 

Flor.  Florida. 

Fo.,  or  Fol.  Folio. 


G. 

Ga.  Georgia. 

Gal.  Galatians. 

Gal.,  or  gal.   Gallon,  gallons. 

G.  B.    Great  Britain. 

G.  C.  B.  Grand  Cross  of  the 
Bath. 

Geti.    Genesis ;  General 
Gent.  Gentleman. 
Geog.  Geography. 
Gov.  Governor. 
Gr.    Greek  ;  Gross. 
Gr.,  or  gr.    Graiu,  grains. 

H. 

H.  ,  or  h.    Hour,  hours. 
Hub.  Habakkuk. 
Hag.  Haggai. 

H.  B.  M.  His  (or  Her)  Bri- 
tannic Majesty. 

Hebr.    Hebrew ;  Hebrews. 

if.  E.  I.  C.  Honorable  East 
India  Company. 

H/id  ,  or  lilid.  Hogshead. 

H.  I.  H.  His  (or  Her)  Im- 
perial Highness. 

H.  M.  S.  His  (or  Her)  Maj- 
esty's Steamer,  Ship,  or 
Service. 

Ho)i.  Honorable. 

Hos.  Ilosea. 

H.  R.  House  of  Represent- 
atives. 

H.  R.  E.  Holy  Roman  Em- 
pire. 

H.  R.  H.    His  (or  Her)  Roy- 
al Highness. 
Hand.  Hundred. 


I. 

la.  Indiana.  [same  place. 
lb.,  Ibid.  (Ibidem.)  In  the 
Id.  (Idem.)  The  same.  [is. 
/.  e.,  or  i.  e.  (Id  est.)  That 


832 

L.,  lb.,  or  113.  {Libra.)  ^  A 
pound,  in  weight.  [ling. 

L.,/.,  ov  £.    A  pound  ster- 

La.  Louisiana. 

Lam.  Lamentations. 

Lat.  Latin. 

Lat.,OTlat.  Latitude. 

Lb.,  lb.,  or  lb.  [Libra.)  A 
pound  in  weight. 

L.  C.    Lower  Canada. 

C.  c.  Lower  case.  —  [loco  cita- 
to.) In  the  place  before 
cited. 

L.  C.  J.  Lord  Chief  Justice. 
Ld.  Lord. 

Lea.,  or  lea.  League. 
Lev.  Leviticus. 
L.  I.    Long  Island. 
Lieut.,  or  Lt.  Lieutenant. 
LL.B.  {Legum  Baccalaureus.) 
Bachelor  of  Laws. 
(SJr^The  initial  letter  is 
doubled  to  signify  the  plural. 
LL.D.  {Legurn  Doctor.)  Doc- 
tor of  Laws. 
Lon.,  Long.  Longitude. 
Lou.,  or  La.  Louisiana. 
Lp.:  or  Lr/p.  Lordship. 
L.  S.  {Locus  Sigilli.)  Place 

of  the  Seal. 
L.  S.  D.,  or  I.  s.  d.  {Libra, 
Solid i.  Denarii.)  Pounds, 
Shilhngs,  Pence. 
Lt.  Lieutenant. 

M. 

M.     Marquis  ;  Monsieur.  — 

( Mille. )  Thousand.  —  { Me- 
ridies. )    Meridian ,  or  noon. 

M.,orm.    Mile,  miles. 

M.  A.    Master  of  Arts. 

Mac,  or  Mace.  Maccabees. 

Maj.  Major. 

Maj.-Gen.  Major-General. 
Mai.  Malachi. 
Mar.  March. 

JVIa.s.s.,  or  Ms.  Massachusetts. 

Matt.  Matthew. 

M.  B.  { Mfdicinm  Baccalaure- 
us. )  Bachelor  of  Medicine. 

M.  C.    Member  of  Congress. 

M.  D.  [Medicime  Doctor. 
Doctor  of  Medicine. 

Md.  Maryland. 

Mdlle.  Mademoiselle. 

M.  E.    Methodist  Episcopal. 

Me.  Maine. 

Mem.  Memorandum. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 

Messrs.,  or  MM.  {Messieurs.) 
Gentlemen  ;  Sirs. 

Meth.  Methodist. 

Mi.  Mississippi. 

Mic.  Micah. 

Midi.  Michigan. 

Mm.,  or  7riin.     Minute,  mm- 

Minn.    Minnesota.  [utes. 

Miss.  Mississippi. 

Mile.  Mademoiselle. 

MM.  Their  Majesties.— {3fes- 
sievrs. )  Gentlemen.  See 
LL.B. 

Mme.  Madame. 

Mo.  Missouri. 

Mo.,  or  wo.  Month. 

Mon.  Monday. 

Mons.    Monsieur,  or  Sir. 

Mos.,  or  mos.  Months. 

M.  P.  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment. 

Mr.    Master,  or  Mister. 

M.  R.  L       Member  of  the 

Royal  Institution. 
Mr^s.    Mistress,  or  Missis. 
MS.  Manuscript. 
MSS.  Manuscripts. 
Mt.    Mount,  or  Mountain. 
Mus.  D.,  Mk.s.  Doc.,ot  Mus. 
Doct.    Doctor  of  Music. 


N..  North. 

N. ,  or  n.    Noun  ;  Neuter. 
N.  A.    North  America. 
Nah.  Nahum. 
Naut.  Nautical. 
N.  B.     New    Brunswick.  — 
{Nota  Bme.)    Note  well,  or 
take  notice. 
1  N.  C.    North  Carolina. 
I  N.  E.     North-East  ;  New 
England. 
Neb.  Nebraska. 
Neh.  Nehemiah. 
Nem.  Con,.   {Nemine  Contra- 
dicente.)    No  one  contra- 
dicting ;  unanimously. 
Nem..  Diss.   {Nemine  Dissen- 

tiente. )  No  one  dissenting. 
Neut.,  or  neift.  Neuter. 
JV.  F.  Newfoundland. 
)   JV.  H.    New  Hampshire. 
iV.  J.    New  Jersey. 
JV  Lat.    North  Latitude. 
JV.  N.  E.  North-North-East, 
N.  N.  W.  North-North-West, 
JVo.,  or  no.  {Numero.)  Num 
ber 


Non  Pros.,  or  Non  pros. 
{ Non  Prosequitur).  He  does 
not  prosecute  ;  —  a  judg- 
ment entered  against  the 
plaintiff  when  he  does  not 
appear  to  prosecute. 

Non  seq.,  or  non  seq.  {Non 
sequitur.)  It  does  not  fol- 
low. 

Nos.,  or  nos.  Numbers. 

JVot'.  November. 

JV.  P.  New  Providence;  No- 
tary Public. 

JV.  S.  Nova  Scotia;  New 
Stvle  (since  1752). 

JV.  f.    New  Testament. 

Num.,  or  Numb.  Numbers. 

JV.  W.  North-West. 

N.  Y.    New  York. 


O.  Ohio. 

Ob.,ov  ob.{  Obiit.)  Died. 
Obad.  Obadiah. 
Obt.,  or  Obdt.  Obedient. 
Oct.  October. 
Olym.  Olympiad. 
Or.  Oregon. 

O.  S.    Old  Style  (previous  to 
1752). 

O.  T.    Old  Testament. 

Oz.,  or  oz.  Ounce,  or  ounces. 

|^==  The  z  is  here  used  to 
represent  the  character  , 
anciently  an  abbreviation  for 
terminations. 

P. 

P. ,  or  p.    Page  ;  Part ;  Pipe. 
Pa.  Pennsylvania. 
Pass. ,  or  pass.  Passive. 
Pd.  Paid. 

P.  E.  I.      Prince  Edward 

Island. 
Penn.  Pennsylvania. 
Per  an.,  or  per  an.   {Per  aru 

'num. )    By  the  year. 
Per  cent.,  per  cent.,  Per  ct .,  or 

per  ct.  {Per  centum.)  By  the 

hundred. 
Ph.  D.  { Ph ilosoph ix  Doctor. ] 

Doctor  of  Philosophy. 
Phil.  Phihppians;  Philemon. 
Phila.  Philadelphia. 
Pinx. ,  or  Pxt.    {Pinxit.)  He 

(or  she)  painted  it. 
Pk.,  or  pk.  Peck. 
Plff.  Plaintiff. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


333 


P.M.     Post-Master. —(Po5? 

Meridiem . )  Afternoon. 
P.  O.  Post-Office. 
Pus.,  pas.,   Pass.,  or  poss. 

Possessive. 
pp.    Pages.    See  LL.B. 
Pph.,  or  pph.  Pamphlet. 
Pres.  President. 
Prof.  Professor. 
Pro  tern.,  or  pro  tern.  {Pro 

tempore.)  For  the  time 
Prov.  Proverbs.  [being. 
Prox.  { Proximo. )  Next. 
P.  -S".  [Post  scriptiim.)  Post- 
P5.,  Psalm,  or  Psalms,  [script. 
Pt.  Pint;  Point;  Port. 
Pwt.^  or pwt.  Pennyweight. 

Q. 

Q.    Question,   [tion;  Queen. 

Q.,  or  Qii.     Query ;  Ques- 

Q.  C.    Queen's  Council. 

Q.  d.  (  Quasi  dicat.)  As  if  he 
should  say. 

Q.  E.  D.  (  Quod  Erat  Demon- 
strandum.) Which  was  to 
be  demonstrated.  [General. 

Q.  M.   G.  Quartermaster- 

Qr.,  or  qr.  Quarter  (28 
pounds) ;  Farthing  ;  Quire. 

Qt. ,  or  (jt.    Quart :  Quantity. 

Q.  V. ,  or  q.  v.  ( Quod  vide. ) 
Which  see. 

Qy.  Query. 

R. 

R.  A.  Royal  Academy,  or 
Academician. 

R.  E.    Royal  Engineers. 

Rec.  Sec.  Recording  Secre- 
tary. 

Rev.  Revelation;  Revolu- 
tion ;  Review ;  Revenue ; 
Reverend. 

R.  I.    Rhode  Island. 

R.  N.    Royal  Navy. 

Royn.    Roman  :  Romans. 

Rom.  Cath.  Roman  Catholic. 

R.  R.  Railroad. 

Rt.  Hon.    Ripjht  Honorable. 

Rt.  Rev.    Right  Reverend. 

S. 

S.    South;  Shilling. 
S.  A.    South  America. 
Sam.  Samuel. 
Sat.  Saturday. 
i&  a    South  Carolina. 


Sc.,  or  Sculp.  {Sculpsit.)  He 
(or  she)  engraved  it. 

Sc/i.,  or  Schr.  Schooner. 

Scit.,  or  Sc.  (  Scilicet. )  To  wit ; 

S.  E.    South-East.  [namely. 

Sec.  Secretary. 

Sec,  or  sec.  Second  ;  Section. 

Sen.  Senate  ;  Senator  ;  Senior. 

Sep.,  or  Sept.  September. 

Serv.,  or  Servt.  Servant. 

S.  H.  S.  (Societatis  Histo- 
risB  Socius. )  Fellow  of  the 
Historical  Society.  [Court. 

S.  J.  C.     Supreme  Judicial 

S.  Lat.    South  Latitude. 

Sid.,  or  sld.  Sailed. 

^.  M.    Short  Meter. 

Soc.  Society. 

Sq.  ft. ,  or  57.  ft.  Square  feet. 

Sq.  in.,  or  sq.  in.  Square 
inches.  [miles. 

Sq.  m.,  or  sq.  m.  Square 

SS.,  or  ss.  (Scilicet.)  Name- 
ly.—( S'fwr.s.)  Half. 

S.  S.  E.  South-South-East. 
S.  W.  South-South-West. 

St.    Saint ;  Street ;  Strait. 

S.  T.  D.  [SarrfB  Theologix 
Doctor.)  Doctor  of  Divin- 
itv. 

5.  r.  P.  {Sacrie  Theologix 
Professor. )  Professor  of 
Theology. 

Su.,oT  Sun.  Sunday. 

Subj.,  or  subj.  Subjunctive. 

Supt.  Superintendent. 

Surg.    Surgeon ;  Surgery. 

5.  W.  South-West. 

T. 

Ten.,  or  Tenn.  Tennessee. 

Tex.  Texas. 

Thess.  ThessalonianS. 

T/iurs.  Thursday. 

Tim.  Timothy. 

Tit.  Titus. 

Tr.  Transpose. 

Tw.,  or  Tues.  Tuesday. 

U. 

U.  C.    Tipper  Canada. 

Tilt.,  or  ult.  {Ultimo.)  Last, 

or  of  the  last  month. 
U.  S.  United  States. 
U.  S.  A.    United  States  of 

America ;     United  States 

Army. 

U.  S.  M.  United  States  Mail ; 
United  States  Marine. 


U.  S.  N.  United  States  Navy. 
U.  S.  V.     United  States  Vol- 
unteers. 
U.  T.    Utah  Territory. 

V. 

V.    Verb ;  Verse. 

V.  a.,  or  V.  a.    Verb  active. 

Va.  Virginia. 

Vice  Pres.    Vice  President. 

Vid.,  or  vid.  (  Vide.)  Sep. 

F/5.,  or  Vise.  Viscount. 

Viz.,   or  viz.  {Videlicet.) 

Namely  ;  To  wit.   [See  Note 

under  Oz.] 
V.  n.,or  V.  n.    Verb  neuter. 
Vol.,  or  vol.  Volume. 
V.  R.      {  Victoria  Regina.) 

Queen  Victoria. 
Vs.,  or  vs.  {  Versus.)  Against, 

or  In  opposition. 
Vt.  Vermont. 

w. 

W.    "West;  Welsh. 

Wed.  Wednesday. 

W.  I.    West  Indies.  ^ 

Wis. ,  or  Wise.  ,.  V  yyg  .  1 1. 

W.  Lon.    West  i^ongitude. 

IF.  Va.    West  Virginia. 

ir.  N.  W.  AVest-North-West. 

W.  S.  W.  West-South-West. 

Wt.,  or  wt.  Weight. 

X. 

X.,  or  Xt.  Christ. 
Xmas.  Christmas. 

Y. 

Yd'.,  or  yd.  Yard, 
ye,  or  The. 

(51^^  The  y  in  this  abbre- 
viation is  a  corrupt  represen- 
tation of  the  Anglo-Saxon  p. 
or  th,  introduced  at  the  time 
when  the  Anglo-Saxon  alpha- 
bet was  superseded  b}^  the 
Old  English  or  Black  Letter, 
in  which  g  (7/)  bore  a  consid- 
erable resemblance  in  form  to 

V- 

z. 

Zach.  Zachary. 
Zech.  Zechariah. 
Zeph.  Zephaniah. 
Zool.  Zoology. 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC., 


FROM 


THE  GEEEK,  THE  LATIN,  AND  MODEEN  FOEEIGN  LANGUAGES, 


NOTE.— L.  Latin;  Fr.  French  ;  Ji.  Italian;  5;?.  Spanish  ;  Gr.  Greek. 


A. 

A  ia  Frangaise.  [Fr.]  After 
the  French  mode  ;  —  la 
mode,  in  fashion  ;  —  PA71- 
glaise,  after  the  Eughsh 
fashion. 

A  fortiori,  [h.]  With  stronger 
reason;  —  mensd  et  thoro, 
from  bed  and  board  ;  —pos- 
teriori, from  the  effect  to  the 
cause  ; —;?r/ori,  from  the 
cause  to  the  effect; —  -ym- 
culo  matrimonii^  from  the 
tie  of  marriage. 

AbandoL  ,1  Disregard  of 
self,  or  of  appearances . 

Ab  extra.  [L.]  From  Vvithout ; 

—  initio,  from  the  begin- 
ning ;  —  intra,  from  within  ; 

—  U710  disce  omnes,  from 
one  learn  all;  from  a  sin- 
gle instance  infer  the  whole. 

Ad  eimdem  (sc.  gradum).  [L.] 
To  the  same  degree  ;  — /i07ni- 
nem,  to  the  man  ;  that  is,  to 
his  interests  and  passions  ; 

—  infinitum,  to  infinity  ;  — 
interim,  in  the  mean  while  ; 

—  libitum,  at  pleasure  ;  — 
nausram,  to  disgust. 

Adscriptus  glebie.  [L.]  Be- 
longing or  attached  to  the 
soil. 

Agenda.    [L.]    Things  to 
done. 

Alere  Jlammam.  [L.]  To  feed 
the  llame. 

Alis  volat  propriis.  [L.]  She 
flies  witii  her  own  wings  ;  — 
motto  of  Oregon.  [come. 

AUons.     [Fr.]     Let  us  go; 

Alma  motrr.  [L.]  A  foster- 
ing mother. 

Alter  ego.    [L.l  Another  self. 

(334) 


I  Amende  honorable.  [Fr.]  Sat 

isfactory  apology. 
I  Amour  propre.     [Fr.]  Self- 
love  ;  vanity. 
Anglicc.  [L.]  According  to  the 

English  manner. 
Anno  xtatis  sux.  [L.]  In  the 
year  of  his  or  her  age  ;  — 
Cliristi,  in  the  year  of 
Christ ;  —  Domini,  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  ;  —  mundi, 
in  the  year  of  the  world  ;  — 
urbis  conditx,  in  the  year 
the  city  (Rome)  was  built. 
Ante  bellum.  [L.]  Before  the 
^ar  ;  —  meridiem ^  before 
noon. 

Appui.  [Fr.]  Point  of  support. 
Aqua  vitx.    [L.]     Brandy  ; 

spirit ;  alcohol. 
Arbiter  elegantiarum.  [L.]  An 
umpire  in  matters  of  taste. 
Argument um  ad  hominem. 
[L.]   An  argument  deriving 
its  force  from  the  situation 
of  the  person  to  whom  it  is 
addressed.     [artist's  room. 
Atelier.  [Fr.]  A  workshop,  or 
Aucontraire.  [Fr.]  On  the  con- 
trary :  —  fait,  well  instruct- 
ed ;  'expert ;  —  revoir,  adieu 
intil  we  meet  again. 


Basbleu.  [Fr.]  A  blue-stocking. 

Bmumnnde.  [Fr.]  The  fash- 
ionable world. 

Beaux  esprits.  [Fr.]  Gay  spir- 
its ;  men  of  wit.  [mind. 

Bel  esprit.    [Fr.]    A  brilliant 

Bni  trovato.  [Tt.]  Well  found  ; 
a  happy  invention. 

Betenoir.   [Fr.]   A  bugbear. 

Bijou.    [Fr.]   A  jewel. 


Billetdoux.  [Fr.]  A  love-letter. 

Bizarre.  [Fr.]  Odd ;  fantastic. 

Blase.  [Fr.]  Pallid  ;  surfeited  ; 
rendered  incapable  of  con- 
tinued enjoyment. 

Bona  fide.  [L.]  In  good  faith. 

Bon  bon.  [Fr.]  A  sugar-plum  ; 
—  jour,  good  day;  good 
morning ;  — 5a/r,goodeven- 
iug- 

Bonhomie.  [Fr.]  Good-natured 
simplicity. 

Boulevard.  [Fr.]  A  public 
walk  or  street  occupying  the 
site  of  demolished  fortifica- 
tions. 

BouLeversement.  [Fr.]  An 
overturning  ;  subversion. 

Bourgeois.  [Fr.]  A  man  of 
middle  rank  in  society. 

Bourgeoisie.  [Fr.]  Middle 
classes  of  society  ;  traders. 

Brochure.  [Fr.]  A  pamphlet. 

Brusque.  [Fr.]  Rude;  blunt. 

Brutum  fulmen.  [L.]  A  harm- 
less thunderbolt. 


Caco'dthes  loquendi.    [L.]  A 

rage  for  speaking  ;  —scnben- 

di\  an  itch  for  scribbhug. 
Cxteris  paribus.    [L.]  Other 

things  being  equal. 
Ca,fc.  [Fr.]  A  coffee-house. 
Calcche.    [Fr.]    A  half-coach 

or  calash. 
Canaille.   [Fr.]    The  rabble. 
Cantatrice.    [It.]    A  female 

professional  singer. 
Caput   mortuum.    [L.]  The 

worthless  remains. 
Casus  belli,  [h.]  That  which 

involves  or  justifies  war. 
Catalogue  raisonne.   [Fr.]  A 


PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC.  »35 


WORDS, 

catalopjue  of  books  arranged 

according  to  their  subjects. 
Caveat  emptor.    [L.]   Let  the 

buyer  beware. 
Chapenu  has.  [Fr.]  Hats  off ; 

—  bras^  a  military  cocked 

hat. 

Charge  affaires.  [Fr.]  An 
inferior  diplomatic  repre- 
sentative at  a  foreign  court. 

Charivari.  [Fr.]  A  mock  sere- 
nade of  discordant  music. 

Chateaux  en  Espagne.  [Fr.] 
Castles  in  Spain,  the  land 
of  romance  ;  castles  in  the 
air.  [piece. 

Chef-WcEUvre.  [Fr.]  A  master- 

Chcre  amie.  [Fr.]  A  dear 
friend ;  a  mistress. 

Chevalier  d'' Industrie.  [Fr.] 
One  who  lives  by  persever- 
ing fraud.  [former. 

Ci-devant.   [Fr.]    Formerly ; 

Circa,  or  Circiter.  [L.]  About. 

Citoyen.  [Fr.]  A  citizen  ;  a 
burgher. 

Coiffeur.  [Fr.]  A  hair-dresser. 

Comme  il  faut.  [Fr.]  As  it 
should  be. 

Compos  mentis.  [L.]  Of  a 
sound  mind. 

Con  amore.  [It.]  With  love  ; 
earnestly. 

Confrere.  [Fr.]  A  brother ;  an 
associate. 

Conge  d^elire.  [Fr.]  A  leave 
to  elect. 

Contretemps.  [Fr.]  An  awk- 
vy^ard  mishap  or  accident. 

Conversazione.  [It.]  A  meet- 
ing of  company  for  conver- 
sation. 

Cordon  sanitaire.  [Fr.]  Aline 
of  troops  to  prevent  the 
spreading  of  pestilence. 

Corps  diplomatique.  [Fr.]  A 
diplomatic  body. 

Corpus  delicti.  [L.]  The  sub- 
stance or  foundation  of  the 
ofiFense. 

Corrigenda.  [L.]  Typograph- 
ical errors  to  be  corrected. 

Coup  d'^etat.  [Fr.]  A  stroke  of 
policy  in  public  affairs  ;  — de 
grace.,  a  finishing  stroke  ;  — 
de  main,  a  sudden  enterprise 
or  effort  ;  —  de  soleil,  a 
stroke  of  the  sun. 

Crescite,  et  midtiplicamini. 
[L.]  Grow,  or  increase,  and 


multiply ;  —  the  motto  of  i 

Maryland. 
Crevasse.  [Fr.]  A  deep  crevice ; 

a  breach. 
Crimen  Ixsx  majestatis.  [L.] 

Iligh  treason. 
Crux   criticorum.    [L.]  The 

puzzle  of  critics  ;  —  mathe- 

maticorum,  the  puzzle  of 

mathematicians. 
Cui  bono  ?    [L.]    For  whose 

benefit?     Colloquially,  but 

erroneously,  of  what  use? 
Cuisine.    [Fr.]    A  kitchen ; 

cookery. 
Cum  grano  salis.   [L.]  With 

a  grain  of  salt;  with  some 

allowance  ;  —  privilegio, 

with  privilege. 
Currente  calamo.  [L.]  With  a 

running  or  rapid  pen.^ 
Custos  rotulorum.  [L.]  Keeper 

of  the  rolls. 

D. 

De  gustibus  non  est  dispu- 
tandiim.  [L.]  There  is  no 
disputing  about  tjistes  ;  — 
jure,  from  the  law  ;  by 
right  ;  —  mortuis  nil  nisi 
bonum,  say  nothing  but 
good  of  the  dead;  — novo, 
anew  ;  —  profundis^  out  of 
the  depths. 

Be  trop.  [Fr.]  Too  much,  or 
too  many  ;  not  wanted. 

Dei  gratia.  [L.]  By  the  grace 
of  God. 

Demimonde.  [Fr.]  Disrepu- 
table female  society  ;  aban- 
doned women. 

Deo  gratias.  [L.]  Thanks  to 
God ;  — volente,  Gi^d  \rilling. 

Dernier  ressort.  [Fr.]  Arlast 
resource. 

Deus  ex  machina.  [L.]  A  god 
coming  down  from  the 
staging  (of  a  theater) ;  an 
unexpected  and  fortunate 
occurrence. 

Diesirx.   [L.]  Day  of  wrath; 

—  non,  a  day  on  which 
judges  do  not  sit. 

Dieu  dafend  le  droit.  [Fr.] 
God  defends  the  right ;  —  et 
mon  droit,  God  and  my 
right. 

Dirigo.  [L.]  I  direct  or  guide ; 

—  the  motto  of  Maine. 


I  Disjecta  membra.  [L.]  Scat- 
tered limbs  or  remains. 
'  Distingue.  [Fr.]  Distinguish- 
ed ;  eminent. 
Distrait.     [Fr.]    Absent  in 

thought. 
Dolce  far  niente.  [It.]  Sweet 
doing-nothing ;  sweet  idle- 
ness. 

Doitiinus  vobiscum.  [L.]  Tho 

Lord  be  with  you. 
Double  entente.  [Fr.]  Double 
meaning  ;  a  play  on  words. 
Douceur.    [Fr.]   A  bribe. 
Dramatis  personx.  [L.]  Char- 
acters   represented    in  a 
drama. 

Dulce  et  decorum  est  pro  pa- 
tria  mori.   [L.]    It  is  sweet 
and  honorable  to  die  for 
one's  country. 
Dum  vivimus,  vivamus.  [L.] 

While  we  live,  let  us  live. 
Durante     beneplacito.  [L.] 
During   good    pleasure ;  — 
vita,  during  life. 

E. 

Eau  de  vie.    [Fr.]   Water  of 

life  ;  brandy. 
Ecce  homo.    [L.]    Behold  the 
man  ;  —  applied  specifically 
to  any  picture  representing 
the  Savior  given  up  to  the 
people  by  Pilate,  and  wear- 
ing the  crown  of  thorns. 
E  pluribus  unum.    [L.]  One 
out  of  many  ;  one  composed 
of  many  ;  —  the  motto  of  the 
United  States. 
Editio  princeps.  [L.]  The  first 

edition. 
jSgalite.  [Fr.]  Equality. 
:^lcve.  [Fr.]  A  pupil ;  a  foster 
child. 

:Elite.  [Fr.]  A  choice  or  select 
.  body  of  persons.  [tion. 
SlQge.  [Fr.]  A  funeral  ora- 
jSmeute.  [Fr.]  A  riot;  a  mob. 
Employe.    [Fr.]    One  who  is 

employed. 
En  arriere.  [Fr.]  In  the  rear  ; 
— famille,  in  a  domestic 
state  ;  —  passant,  in  pass- 
ing ;  by  the  way  ;  —  rapport, 
in  a  condition  or  relation 
of  S3'mpathy  ;  in  a  condition 
to  admit  of  free  communica- 
1    tion;  —  route,  on  the  way. 


36 


WORDS,  PHEASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC. 


Enceinte.  [Fr.]  Pregnant. 
Enfans  perdus.    [Fr.]  Lost 

children;  a  forlorn  hope. 
Ense  petit  placidam  sub  Liber- 
tate  quietem.  [L.]  With  the 
sword  she  seeks  quiet  peace 
under  liberty  ;  —  the  motto 
of  Massachusetts.  . 
Entente  cordiale.    [Fr.]  Evi- 
dences of  good    will,  ex- 
changed by  the  chief  persons 
of  two  states.  [ourselves. 
Entre  nous.    [Fr.]  Betvveen 
Entree.    [Fr.]    Entry;  first 

course  at  table. 
Entrepot.     [Fr.]     A  bonded 

warehouse  ;  a  free  port. 
Ergo.    [L.]  Therefore. 
Esprit  de   corps.    [Fr.]  The 
animating  spirit  of  a  collec- 
tive body.  [perpetual. 
Esto  perpetua.  [L.]  Let  it  be 
Et  cum  spiritu  tuo.   [L.]  And 
with  thy  spirit  \—id  genus 
omne,  and  every  thing  of 
the  sort  ;—sic  de  simdibus, 
and  so  of  the  like;— 
Brute!   and    thou  also, 
Brutus!  ,  .  X 

Eureka    (evprjKa,  hu-re/ka.) 
[Gr  ]  I  have  found  it ;  —  the 
motto  of  California. 
Exanivio.  [L.]  Heartily;  — 
cathedra,  from  the  bench; 
with  high  authority  ;  —  qf- 
Jicio,  by  virtue  of  his  office; 
—parte,  on  one  side  only; 
—  pede  Herculem,  we  recog- 
nize a  Hercules  from  the 
size  of  the  foot ;  that  is,  m'c 
judge  of  the  whole  from  the 
specimen  -—post  facto,  after 
the  deed  is  done. 
Excelsior.  [L.]  Higher;  more 
elevated  ;  —  the  motto  of 
New  York. 
E.rrerpta.  [L.]  Extracts. 
Exempli  gratia.  [L.]  By  way 

of  example. 
Exeunt  07vnes.  [L.]  All  gof^ut. 
Expose.  [Fr.]  An  exposition. 

F. 

Facile  princeps.  [L.]  Evident- 
ly pre-eminent ;  the  admit- 
ted chief. 

Faubourg.  [Fr.]  A  suburb.^ 

Fauleuil.  [Fr.]  An  easy  chair. 

Faua:  pas.  [Fr.]  A  false  step. 


Fecit.  [L.]  He  made  it. 
Femmecouverte.  [Fr.]  A  mar- 
ried woman  ;  —  de  diambre, 
a  chambermaid. 
Festina  lente.    [L.]  Hasten 
slowly.  [festival. 
Fete  champctre.  [Fr.]  A  rural 
Feu  de  joie.  [Fr.]  A  firing  of 
guns  in  token  of  joy;  a 
bonfire. 
Feuilleton.  [Fr.]  Bottom  part 
of   a    French  newspaper, 
separated  by  a  fine  from  the 
rest,  and  devoted  to  hght 
literature,  criticism,  &c. 
Fiacre.  [Fr.]  A  hack. 
Fidei  defensor.  [L.]  Defender 
of  the  faith.  ^  . 

Fille   de  chambre.    [Fr.]  A 
chambermaid  ;  —  de  joie,  a 
prostitute. 
Flagrante  bello.  [L.]  During 
hostilities  ;  —  delicto,  in  the 
commission  of  the  crime. 
Fortlter  inre.^  [L.]  With  firm- 
ness in  acting. 
Friseur.  [Fr.]  A  hair-dresser. 
Fuit  Ilium.    [L.]    Troy  has 

been.  . 
Fusillade.  [Fr.]  A  simultane- 
ous discharge  of  fire-arms. 


G, 

Gallicd.  [L.]  In  French. 
Gargon.    [Fr.]    A  boy,  or  a 
waiter. 

Garde  du  corps.  [Fr.]  A  body 
guard;  —  mobiU,  a  guard  , 
liable  to  genesftl  service. 

Genius  loci.  WA  The  genius 
of  the  pl^  tPolice. 

Genf^d'njhes-    \^^-'\  ^rmed 

GloriciWexceUis.  [L.]  Glory 
tO'jPM  in  the  highest;  — 
v£.n,  glory  be  to  the 
Father. 

VvZ>Qi  trc-avToi/  (  Gnothi  seau- 
ton).  [Gr.]  Know  thyself. 

H. 

Haud  passibus  xquis.  [L.] 

Not  with  equal  steps. 
Haut  gout.  [Fr.]  High  flavor; 

fmc  or  elegant  taste. 
Haute   nouveautc.    [Fr.]  A 

great  novelty. 
Hicetubique.  [L.]  Here  and 

everywhere ;  —  jacet,  here 


lies  ;  —  labor,  hoc  opus  e.^*, 
this  is  labor,  this  is  work. 
Hoc  age.  [L.]  Dothis;  — an- 
no,  in  this  year.; — ^oco,  in 
this    place  ;  —  tempore,  at 
this  time. 
Honi  soit  qui  mal  y  pense. 
[Fr.]  Shame  on  him  who 
evil  thinks. 
Hora  c  sempre.    [It.]    It  is 

always  time. 
Hors  de  combat.  [Fr.]  Out  of 

condition  to  fight. 
Humanum  est  errare.  [L.j 
To  err  is  human. 

I. 

Ichdien.   [German.]  I  serve. 
Id  est.     [L.]    That  is  ;  —  ge- 
nus omne,  all  of  that  sort. 
Imprimatur.     [L.]    Let  it  bo 
printed ;  —  a  license  to  print 
a  book,  &c. 
Improvvisatore.  [It.]  Anim- 

promptvi  poet. 
Improvvisatrice.  [It.]  An  im- 
promptu poetess. 
Inseternum.    [L.]  Forever", 

 articulo  mortis,  at  the 

point  of  death  ;  -  commen- 
dam,  in  trust;  — cwna,  m 
the  court ;  —  equilibrw^m 
equilibrium  ;  —  esse,  m  be- 
ing •  —  extremis,     at  the 
point  of  death;— fagrante 
delicto,  taken  in  the  fact; 
—  formct  pauperis,  as  a  poor 
man;  —  foro  conscrentix, 
before  the  tribunal  of  con- 
science ;— /««wro,    m  fu- 
ture ;  henceforth  ;  —  hoc  sig- 
no  rinces,  in  this  sign  or 
under  this  standard,  thou 
Shalt  conquer  ;  —  limine,  at 
the   threshold  ;  — ^oco,  in 
the  proper  place  ;  —  loco  pa- 
rentis, in  the  place  of  a  pa- 
rent •  —  medias  res,  into  the 
midst  of  things,  or  affairs ; 
—  medio    tutissimus  ibts, 
you  will  go  most  safely  m 
the  middle  ;  —  memonam, 
in  memory;  — nubibus,  la 
the    clouds  ;  —  perpetuum, 
forever ;  —./^o.-^.s^  in  possible 
existence ; —7^''o/^'-'«  P^rso- 
n&,m  person  ;—puris  natw^ 
ralibus,  quite  naked ;  —  re, 
in  the  matter  of;  — rem. 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC.  337 


against  the  thing ;  —  sxculd, 
sxculorum^  for  ages  on  ages  ; 
—  situ,  in  its  original  situa- 
tion;—  statu  quo,  in  the 
former  state ;  —  terror tm,  as 
a  warning  ;  —  to  to,  in  the 
whole  ;  entirely  ;  —  totidem 
verbis,  in  so  many  words  ;  — 
transitu,  on  the  passage  ;  — 
usum  Delphi ni,  for  the  use 
of  the  Dauphin ;  —  utrum- 
que  paratus,  prepared  for 
either  eyent;  —  vacuo,  in 
empty  space  ;  —  verba  ma- 
gistri  jurare,  to  swear  to, 
or  by,  the  words  of  another  ; 
to  adopt  opinions  on  the  au- 
thority of  another  ;  —  vino 
Veritas,  there  is  truth  in 
wine. 

Infanta.  [Sp.]  A  princess  of 
the  blood  royal  in  Spain 
and  Portugal. 

Infante.  [Sp.]  Any  son  of 
the  king,  except  the  eldest, 
or  heir  apparent. 

Insouciance.  [Fr.]  Indiffer- 
ence ;  carelessness. 

Inter  alia.  [L.]  Among  other 
things  ;  —  nos,  between  our- 
selves. 

Invito,  Minerva.  [L.]  Without 

genius.  [said  it. 

Ipse  dixit.  [L.]  He  himself 
Ipsissima  verba.     [L.]  The 

very  words. 
Ipso  facto.    [L.]   In  the  fact 

itself; — jure,  by  the  law 

itself. 


J. 

Je  ne  sais  quoi.   |Tr.]  I  know 

not  what. 
Jeu  de  mots.  [Fr.]  A  play  on 

words  ;  a  pun  ;  —    esprit,  a 

witticism. 
Jupiter  tonans.    [L.]  Jupiter 

the  thunderer. 
Jure  divino.    [L.]    By  divine 

law  ;  — humano,  by  human 

law. 

Jus  civile.  [L.]  Civil  law; 
—  divinum,  divine  law;  — 
et  norma  loguendi^  the  law 
and  rule  of  speech  ;  —  gen- 
tium, law  of  nations. 

Juste  milieu.  [Fr.]  The  gold- 
en mean. 


Labor  ipse  voluptas.  [L.]  La- 
bor itself  is  pleasure  ;  —  om- 
nia vincit,  labor  conquers 
every  thing. 

Laissez  faire.  [Fr.]  Let  alone. 

Lapsus  lingux.  [L.]  A  slip 
of  the  tongue. 

Laus  Deo.  [L.]  Praise  to 
God. 

Le  beau  monde.  [Fr.]  The 
fashionable  world  ;  —  diable 
boiteux,  the  lame  devil  ;  — 
roi  le  veut,  the  king  wills 
it ;  — roi  s''avisera,  the  king 
will  consider  or  deliberate. 

Lese  majestc.  [Fr.]  Iligh 
treason. 

Vctoile  du  nord.  [Fr.]  The 
star  of  the  north  ;  —  the 
motto  of  Minnesota. 

Lettre  de  cachet.  [Fr.]  A 
sealed  letter ;  a  royal  war- 
rant. 

Lex  non  scripta.  [L.]  The 
common  law  ;  —  scripta, 
statute  law  ;  —  talionis.,  the 
law  of  retaliation. 

Liaison.  [Fr.]  An  alliance ; 
an  illicit  connection,  [trial. 

Lite  pendente.     [L.]  During 

Loco  citato.  [L.]  In  the 
place  cited. 

Locum  tenens.  [L.]  A  depu- 
ty or  substitute  ;  a  proxy. 

Locus  in  q^o.  [L.]  The  place 
in  which  ;  -^sigilli,  place  of 
the  seal. 

Longo  intervalt'-  [L.]  By  or 
with  long  inte*  • 

Lucus  d  non  iuct,.  ^  [L.] 
A  jeu  d'' esprit  in  etymology, 
which,  assuming  that  1,'cus, 
a  dark  wood  or  grove,  is  de- 
rived from  the  verb  lucere. 
to  shine,  supposes  it  must 
be  d  non  lucendo,  from  its 
not  being  light. 

Lusus  naturx.  [L.]  A  sport 
or  freak  of  nature. 


M. 

Made  virtute.    [L.]  Proceed 
in  virtue.  [faith. 
Ma  fois.     [Fr.]     Upon  my 
Magnum  opus.    [L.]  A  great 
work. 

Magnus  Apollo.    [L.]  Great 


Apollo  ;  one  of  high  author- 
ity. 

Maitre   de   hotel.     [Fr.]  A 

house-steward. 
Maid  propos.  [Fr.]  Ill-timed. 
Malgrc  nous.    [Fr.]    In  spite 

of  us.  [itself. 
Malum  in  se.  [L.]  Bad  in 
Mare  clausum.   [L.]  A  closed 

sea  ;  a  bay. 
Materiel.    [Fr.]    Materials  or 

instruments  employed  ;  op- 
posed to  personnel. 
Mauvais  goflt.     [Fr.]  Bad 

taste  ;  —  honte^  false  mod- 

esty. 

Me  judice.  [L.]  I  being  judge. 

Melange.    [Fr.]    A  medley. 

Melee.  [Fr.]  A  hand-to- 
hand  fight ;  a  riot. 

Memento  mori.  [L.]  Remem- 
ber death. 

Memorabilia.  [L.]  Things 
to  be  remembered. 

Mens  sayia  in  corpore  sano. 
[L.]  A  sound  mind  in  a 
sound  body. 

Mesalliance.  [Fr.]  Improper 
association ;  marriage  with 
one  of  lower  station. 

Meum  et  tuum.  [L.]  Mine 
and  thine. 

Mirabile  dictu.  [L.]  Won- 
derful to  be  told; — visu, 
wonderful  to  be  seen. 

Mittimus.  [L.]  We  send;  — 
a  writ  to  commit  an  offend- 
er to  prison. 

Modus  operandi.  [L.]  Man- 
ner of  operation. 

Montani  semper  liberi.  [L.] 
Mountaineers  are  always 
freemen  ;  —  the  motto  of 
West  Virginia. 

Monumentum  sere  perennius. 
[L.]  A  monument  more 
durable  than  brass. 

M f^  tjji.'!(]ri  in  parvo .  [L.]  Much 
iiii\Vtle. 

MutdXs  mutandis.  [L.]  The 
necessary  changes  being 
made. 

Mutato  nomine.  [L.]  The 
name  being  changed. 

]sr. 

Naive.  [Fr.]  Having  native 
or  unaffected  simplicity. 


338 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC. 


NalveU.    [Fr.J  Native  sim- 
plicity. 

JVe  pZM5  ultra.    [L.]  Nothing 
further  ;  —  quid  nimis,  not 
any  thing  too  much  or  too 
far ;  —  sutor  ultra  crepidarrij 
let  not  the  shoemaker  go 
beyond  his  last. 
Me.  [Fr.]  Bom ;  as,  Madame 
de  Stael,  nee  (that  is,  whose 
maiden  name  was)  Necker. 
Negligee.    [Fr.]  An  easy,  un- 
ceremonious attire ;  undress. 
Ifemine  contradicente.  [L.] 
No  one  speaking  in  opposi- 
tion ;  —  dissentiente^  no  one 
dissenting. 
Nemo   me   impune  lacessit. 
[L.]   No  one  wounds  me 
with  impunity ;  —  the  mot- 
to of  Scotland. 
Nil  admirari.    [L.]  To  won- 
der at  nothing  ;  —  desperan- 
c/im,  never  despair. 
Nimporte.    [Fr.]   It  matters 
not. 

Noblesse  oblige.  [Fr.]  Rank 
imposes  obligation;  much 
is  rightly  expected  of  one  of 
high  birth  or  station. 

Nolens  volens.  [L.]  Whether 
he  will  o»  not.    [touch  me. 

Noli  me  tan^ere.    [L.]  Don't 

Nolle  prosequi.  [L.]  To  be 
unwilling  to  proceed. 

Nom  de  plume.  [Fr.]  A  pen 
name  ;  an  assumed  title  ;  — 
de  guerre  J  a  war  name  ;  a 
traveling  title;  a  psendo 
nym.  . 

Non  compos  mentis.  [h.] 
Not  in  sound  mmd  ;  —  est 
inventitSj  he  has  not  by«fi 
found ;  —  obstante^  not^lth- 
Btanding  :  —  !<,nu:s.  -}fior^r, 
I  shall  not  wholly  die ;  — 
sequitur,  it  ioes  not  follow  i, 
an  unv.ai-ranted  cr;;^"iu- 
sion  '  I 

Nosce  'fiipsum.  [L.^l^now 
thyself. 

Noia  bene.    [L.]   Mark  well. 

Noubliez  pas.  [Fr.]  Don't 
forget.  [s<?e. 

Nous  verrons.   [Fr.]  We  sh;ill 

Novushomo.  [L.]  Anewm  ni. 

Nuance.  [Fr.]  Shade  ;  gi-.ua- 
tion  ;  tint. 

'^udum  pactum.  [L.|  A  con- 
tract made  Without  any  con 


sideration,  and  therefore 
Toid.  [or  never. 

Nunc  aut  nunquam.  [L.]  Now 


Obiit.    [L.]   He,  or  she,  died. 
Obsta  principiis.     [L.]  Re- 
sist the  first  beginnings. 
Odium  theologicum.  [L.]  The 

hatred  of  theologians. 
Ohe!  jam  satis.     [L.]  0, 

now  there  is  enough. 
Ot  iroAXot  (Hoi  polloi).  [Gr.] 

The  many  ;  the  rabble. 
Omnia   vincit   amor.  [L.] 
Love  conquers  all  things ;  — 
vincit    labor,  labor  over- 
comes all  things. 
On  dit.     [Fr.]    They  say ; 

flying  rumor. 
Onus  probandi.     [L.]  The 

burden  of  proving. 
Ora  e  semi)re.     [It.]  Now 
and  always.  [us. 
Ora  pro  nobis.   [L.]  Pray  for 
Orerotundo.  [L.]  With  round, 

full  voice. 
O!  si  sic  omnia.  [L.]  O 
that  he  had  always  done  or 
spoken  thftis. 
O  temporal  O  mores!  [L.] 
0  the  times  0  the  jjaan- 
ners!  ^  / 

Otium  cum  digmtat^ 
Ease  with  dignity^ignified 
leisure,  jf  _ 

Oubliette/^  [FryW)tmgeon  of 

Oui^r/   7^.]  Hearsay 
''^  ^  ' 

an  Ml^r-M 


c]  A  workman ; 


P. 


Papier  mhchc'\  [Fr.]  Chewed 
or  mashed  jjiiper ;  a  hard 
sul^tancp  nade  of  a  pulp 
from  raji- ;  jr  paper. 

Par  ey^rp'e.  [Fr.]  For  ex- 
ample :  —  excellence.,  by  way 
of  eminence. 

Van  passu.  [L.]  With  equal 
pace. 

Par  nobile  fratrum.  [L.]  A 
noble  pair  of  brothers  ;  two 
just  alike.  [of  honor. 

Parole  d'honneur.  [Fr.]  Word 
Particeps  criminis.    [L.]  An 
accompUce. 


Parvenu.   [Fr.]   An  upstart ; 

one  newly  risen  into  notice. 
Pas  d  pas.  [Fr.]  Step  by  step. 
Passe,    [fr.]    Past;  out  of 

use ;  faded  ;  worn  out. 
Passe-partout.    [Fr.]    A  mas- 
ter-key. [liver  pie. 
Pate  de  foie  gras.  [Fr.]  Goose- 
Paterfamilias.    [L.]    The  fa- 
ther of  a  family. 
Pater  noster.    [L.]    Oir'  fa- 
ther ;  the  Lord'-'  prayer  :  —  . 
patriXy  father  cf  hi  '  tnintry. 
Patois.    [Ft.]  -tTiUiect  of  ttio 

lower  cList 
Patres  conscripti.    [L.]  Con- 
script fathers  ;  the  Roman 
senators.  j|* 
Perofivi.    [L.]  Ihav%sinn&d. 
Peine  forte   et   dure.  [Fr.] 
Strong  and  severe  punish- 
ticnt.  [likirg. 
Penchant.   [Fr.]  Inclination  ; 
Pendente  lite.    [L.]  Pending 

the  suit. 
Ptnsee.    [Fr.]  Thought. 
Per  annum.     [L  ]     By  the 
year  ;  —  capita, hy  tlie  head. 
centum,  by  the  hundred ;  — 
contra,   contrariwise ;  —  se, 
by  itself  cousidered. 
Perdu^    [Fr.]  Lost. 
Personnel.  [Fr.]  Bodv  of  per- 
sons employed  in  some  pub- 
lic service. 
Petitio,principii.   [L.l  A  beg 

ging  of  the  question. 
Petit  maitre.  [b'r.]  A  dandy  ; 

a  coxcomb. 
Peu  de  chose    [Fr.]    A  trifle. 
Pirouette.    [Vr.]    A  v.  Kirl  on 

the  toes,  as  in  d;uu  'ni;. 
Pis-aller.  [Fr.]  The  l  .^i.  shift. 
Pi'd.  [It.]  More. 
Pleno  jure.  [L,]  AVith  full 
authority.  [web. 
Plexus.  [L.]  A  net-%York; 
Poco  d  poco.  [It.]  Little  by 
"  little. 

Poeta  nascitur.  von  f.t.  IL..J 
The  poet  is  born,  not  made. 
Point  d'appui.     n^r.]  Point 

of  support ;  prop. 
Pons  asinorum.    [L.]  Bridge 

of  asses. 
Post  mortem.      [L.]  After 
death  ;  —  obitum,  at^ex 
death. 

Pot-pourri.     [Fr.]   A  hotch- 
potch ;  a  medley. 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC.  839 


Prsiix  chevalier.  [Fr.]  A  braye 
kniglit. 

Prima  facie.  [L.]  On  the 
first  view. 

Primus  inter  pares.  [L.]  Chief 
among  equals. 

Principia,  non  homines.  [L.] 
Principles,  hot  men. 

Pro  aris  et  focis.  [L.]  For 
our  altars  and  firesides ;  — 
bono  publico,  for  the  public 
good  ;  —  et  con,  for  and 
against; — forma,  for  tho 
sake  of  form  ;  —  hoLc  vice, 
for  this  turn  or  occasion  ;  — 
rata  J  in  proportion  ;  —  tem- 
pore, for  the  time. 

Proces  verbal.  [Fr.]  A  writ- 
ten statement. 

Profanum  vulgus.  [L.]  Tho 
profane  vulgar. 

Prohpudor.  [L.]  0,  for  shame. 

Propria  quss  maribus.  [L.] 
Those  things  which  are  ap- 
propriate or  peculiar  to 
men,  or  to  husbands. 

Punica  fides.  [L.]  Punic 
faith  ;  treachery. 

Q. 

Quantum  libet.  [L.]  As  much 
as  you  please  ;  —  meruit,  as 
much  as  he  deserved  ;  —  mu- 
tatus  ab  illo !  how  changed 
from  what  he  was  I  ;  — suf- 
ficit.,  a  sufficient  quantity  ; 

—  vis^  as  much  as  you  will. 
Quasi.  LL.]  As  if;  in  a  man- 
ner. 

Quelque  chose.  [Fr.]  A  tri- 
fle ;  something ;  any  thing. 

Quid  pro  quo.  [L.]  One  thing 
for  another ;  an  equivalent ; 

—  rides  ?  why  do  you  laugh? 
Quifacitper  alium,facit  per 

se.  [L.]  lie  who  does  a 
thing  by  the  agency  of  an- 
other, does  it  himself. 

Quis  custodiet  ipsos  custodes? 
[L.]  Who  shall  guard  the 
guards  themselves  ? 

Qui  tain  ?  [L.]  Who  as  well  ? 

Qui  transtulit,  sustinet.  [L.] 
He  who  transplanted,  still 
sustains  ;  —  the  motto  of 
Connecticut. 

Qui  vive?  [Fr.]  Who  goes 
there?  —  hence,  on  the  qui 
vive,  on  the  alert. 


Quo  animo  ?  [L.]  With  what 
mind  or  intention  ?  — jure  ? 
By  what  right  ? 

Quod  erat  demonstrandum. 
[L.]  Which  was  to  be  de- 
monstrated ;  —  vide^  which 
see. 

R. 

Rara  avis.  [L.]    A  rare  bird. 

Uecueil.    [Fr.]  Collection. 

Reductio  ad  absurdum.  [L.] 
A  reducing  a  position  to  an 
absurdity. 

Rpgnant  populi.  [L.]  The 
people  rule  ;  —  the  motto  of 
Arkansas.  [Properly,  Reg- 
nat  populus.] 

Religio  loci.  [L.]  The  re- 
ligious spirit  of  the  place. 

Renommce.  [Fr.]  Pwenown ; 
fame. 

Requiescat  in  pace.  [L.]  May 
he  rest  in  peace. 

Res  angusta  domi.  [L.]  Nar- 
row circumstances  at  home ; 
poverty.  [the  end. 

Respice  finem.    [L.]   Look  to 

Resume.  [Fr.]  A  summing 
up ;  recapitulation. 

Resurgam.  [L.]  I  shall  rise 
again. 

Revenons  d  nos  moutons. 
[Fr.]  Let  us  return  to  our 
sheep ;  let  us  return  to  our 
subject. 

Rifacimento.  [It.]  Renewal ; 
re-establishment. 

Robe  de  chambre.  [Fr.]  A 
dressing-gown  or  morning- 
gown. 

Rouleau.    [Fr.]   A  little  rolL 

Rudis  indigesta  moles.  [L.] 
A  rude  and  undigested  mass. 

Ruse  de  guerre.  [Fr.]  A  strat- 
agem of  war. 

Rus  in  urbe.  [L.]  The  coun- 
try in  town. 


s. 

Salle.    [Fr.]    A  hall. 

Salon.  [Fr.]  An  apartment 
for  company  ;  a  fashionable 
party ;  or  fashionable  so- 
ciety. 

Salus  popidi  suprema  est  lex. 
[L.]  The  welfare  of  the  peo- 


ple is  the  supreme  law  ;  — 

the  motto  of  Missouri. 
Sanctum    sanctorum.  [L.] 

Holy  of  holies. 
Sa?is  ccrcriionie.    [Fr.]  With- 

outceremony  ; — pevr  et  sans 

reproche,  without  fear  and 

without  reproach. 
Sauve  qui  jjeut.    [Fr.]  Save 

himself  who  can. 
Savoir /aire.    [Fr.]  AbiUty  ; 

—  vivre,  good  breeding. 
Scandalum  magnatuvi.  [L.] 

Defamatory  speech  or  writ- 
ing to  the  injury  of  p«rsona 
of  dignity. 

Scire  facias.  [L.]  Cause  it 
to  be  known. 

Sconce.  [Fr.]  A  sitting  or 
session. 

Serundim  artem.  [L.]  Ac- 
cording to  rule ;  —  naturarn, 
according  to  the  course  of 
nature. 

Semper  felix.  [L.]  Always 
fortunate  ;  — fidelis,  always 
faithful ;  —  idem ,  always 
the  same ;  — ^araiiw,  always 
ready. 

Sejiatiis  consultum.    [L.]  A 

decree  of  the  Senate. 
Se  non  e  vcro,  e  ben  trovato. 

[It.]    If  not  true,  it  is  well 

feigned. 
Sesquipedalia    verba.  [L.] 

\\'ords  a  foot  and  a  half 

long. 

Sic  iturad  astra.  [L.]  Such  is 
the  way  to  immortality  ;  — 
passiyn,  so  every  v.  here  :  — 
semper  tyrannis,  ever  so  to 
tyrants,  —  the  motto  of  Vir- 
ginia ;  —  transit  gloria  mun- 
di,  so  pass'es  away  earthly 
glory  ;  —  vos  non  vobis,  thv.s 
you  do^  not  labor  for  your- 
selves. 

Sicut  ante.    [X.]    As  before  ; 

—  patribus,  sit  Deus  nobis, 
as  God  was  with  our  fathers, 
so  may  he  be  with  us. 

Similia  similibus  curantur. 
[L.]  Like  things  are  cured 
by  like. 

Si  monumentum  quscris,  cir- 
cumspice.  [L.]  If  yon  seek 
his  monument,  look  around. 

Sim.plex  munditiis.  [L.]  Of 
simple  elegance. 

Sine  cura.      [L.]  Without 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC. 


340 

charge  or  care  ;  —  die,  with- 
out a  day  appointed  ;  —  qua 
non,  an  indispensable  con- 
dition. ,  _ 

Si  quseris  peninsulayn  ama- 
7iam,  circumspice.  IL.J  ii 
thou  seekest  a  beautitul  pen- 
insula, behold  it  here  ;  — 
the  motto  of  Michigan. 

Sit  tihi  terra  levis.  [L.]  May 
the  earth  lie  hghtly  upon 

SotTisant.  [Fr.]  Self-styled. 

Soubrette,  [Fr.]  Anintngumg 
woman.     [ing  on  one  toot. 

Stans  pedeinuno.  [h.\  fctana- 

Stat  magni  nomniis  umbra. 
[L]  He  stands  the  shadow 
of  a  mighty  name,  [which. 

Statu  quo.   [L.]   The  state  m 

Stet.    [L.]    Let  it  stand.  . 

Suaviter  in  rnodo,  fortUer  in 
re.  [L.]  Gentle  in  manners, 
but  resolute  in  deed. 

Sub  jurlice.  [L.]  Under  con- 
sideration ;— rosa,  under 
the  rose ;  privately. 

Sui  (generis.  [L.]  Of  its  own 
kind.  [chief  good. 

Suum  cuique.  [L.]  Let  each 
have  his  own. 

T. 

Tabula  rasa.    [L.]  A  smooth 
•   or  blank  tablet. 
Tapis.  [Fr.]  Cover  of  a  coun- 
cil-table ;  hence,  to  be  on  the 
tapis  is  to  be  under  consid- 
eration. 
Tempora  mutantur,   et  nos 
mutamur  in  illis.    [L.]  The 
times  are  changed,  and  we 
are  changed  with  them. 
Tempus  fugit.  [L.]  Time  flies. 
Terrx  fiUus.    [L.]    A  son  of 
the  earth  ;  that  is,  a  human 
being  ^—firma,  sohd earth,* 
a  safe  footing  ;  —  incogru'" 
an  unknown  country. 
Tertium  quid.    [L.]   A  third 
something  \  a  nondescript. 


Tiers-etat.  [Fr.]  The  third 
estate ;  commons  or  com- 
monalty. 
To  Kakov  (  To  kalon).  [Gr.] 
The  beautiful;  the  chief 
good.  .  , 

Totidem  verbis.   [L.]  In  just 

so  many  words. 
Toties  quoties.  [L.]  As  often 

Toto  ccelo.  [L.]  By  the  whole 
heavens;  diametrically  op- 

Tout-d-fait.  [Fr.]  Entirely; 
—  au  contra  ire,  on  the  con- 
trary ensemble,  the  whole 
taken  together. 


Uberrima  Jides.  [L.]  Super- 
abounding  faith. 

Ubi  supra.  [L.]  Where  above 
mentioned.  " 

Ultima  ratio  re  gum.  [L.|  ine 
last  argument  of  kings ; 
^ar ;  —  Tkule,  utmost  limit. 

Una  voce.  [L.]  With  one 
voice. 

Uno  animo.    [L.]    With  one 

mind;  unanimously. 
Usque  ad  aras.    [L.]    To  the 

very  altars  ]  —  ad  7iausea7n, 

to  disgust. 
Utile  dulci.    {\A    The  useful 

with  the  pleasant. 
Ut  infra.    [L.]    As  below;  — 

supra,  as  above  stated. 
Uti  possidetis.    [L.]    As  you 

possess;  state  of  present 

possession. 


Vade  mecum.  [L.]  Go  with 
kme  ;  a  constant  companion. 

!  victis.    [L.]    Woe  to  the 

vanquished. 
Yale.    [L.]  Farewell. 
Talet  de  ckambre.    [Fr.]  An 

attendant ;  a  footman. 
Veni,  vidi,  vici.   [L.]  I  came, 

1  saw,  1  conquered. 


Verbatim  et  literatim.  [L.] 
Word  for  word  and  letter  for 
letter.  _  . 

Verbum  sat  sapienti.  [l^.J 
A  word  is  enough  for  a  wise 
man. 

Vetturo.    [It.]    A  hack. 

Vetturino.    [It.]  Ahackman. 

Vtxata  quaostio.  [L.]  A  dis- 
puted question. 

Via.    [L.]    By  the  way  of. 

Via  media.  [L.]  A  middle 
course. 

Vice.    [L.]    In  the  place  «f; 
—  versdL,  the  terms  being  ex^ 
changed. 
Vide  ut  supra.   [L.]  See  what 

is  stated  above. 
Vi  et  armis.    [L.]     By  force 

and  arms  ;  by  main  force. 
Vincitamorpatrise.  [L.]  Love 
of  country  prevails  ;  — om- 
nia Veritas,  truth  conquers 
all  things. 
Vis  d  vis.    [Fr.]  Opposite; 

facing.  ,  , 

Vis  a  tergo. ,  [L.]  A  propel- 
hng  force  from  behind;  — 
inertisR,  the  power  of  iner- 
tia ;  resistance;  — the 
vigor  of  life. 
Vitam  impendere  vero.  L^-J 
To  stake  one's  Ufe  for  tho 
truth. 

Vivatregina.   [L.]  Long  live 
the  queen  ;  —  r6a;,  long  hvo 
the  king. 
Viva  voce.    [L.]    By  the  liv- 
ing  voice ;  by  oral  testimo- 

Vive  la  republique.  [Fr.]  Long 
live  the  repubhc ;  —  la  baga- 
telle! success  to  trifling;  — 
le  roi,  long  live  the  king. 
Voild.    [Fr.]     Behold;  there 

is,  or  there  are. 
Vox,  et  prspterea  nihil.  [L... 
A  voice,  and  nothing  more 
—populi,  vox  Dei,  the  voic( 
of  the  people  is  the  voice  o: 
God. 

Vrai semblance.  [Fr.]  Appear 
aiice  of  truth, 


A  CLASSITIED  SELECTION 

OP 

PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS 

FOR 

WEBSTER'S  PRIMARY  SCHOOL  DICTIONARY. 

dn^^  Any  words  in  the  explanation  of  the  following  grouping  of  Illustrations  not  found  in 
tho  body  of  the  work,  may  be  found  explained  ia  Webster's  Unabridged  Dictionary. 


FLAGS,  BAJXriSTERS,  I]SrSIG]\riA,  &o. 


Grescesnt  Device.  Ecclesiastical  Gonfalon.  Oriflamm^ 


PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS 
GAMES,  AMUSEMENTS,  & 


Tangram. 


WEBSTER'S  PRIMARY   SCHOOL  DICTIONARY.  347 


VEHICLES  FOR  LAND  AIsTD  A:^IIIAT.  LOCOMOTION. 


Clarence-  Coupe.  Dog-carfe. 


WEBSTER'S  PRIMAEY  SCHOOL  DICTIONARY.  349 


AmMALS  —  BIRDS. 


Canvas-back.  Chaffinch.  Cormorant. 


Corn-crake.  Dove.  Dofcterei. 


PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS  FOR 


AIsrmALS  —  BEASTS. 


White  Eear. 


Bactruui  l  ;imel. 


I'allow  Deer. 


WEBSTER'S  PRBIARY  SCHOOL  DICTIONAEY.  351 


ANIMAIiS  —  FISHES. 


PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

DOMESTIC  ECOlSrOMY-.— UTSnSrSILS,  FUKNITITEE,  &C. 


Smoke-jack.  Spinning-wheel. 


